^ 



§i^@»s 



-^^■^Wn4 



;e>M^M:gP 



® 



li 

9 
m 
m 
i 



^1 






^\^sTo^_J^ 



-OF- 



CUMBERLAND CO., 



DvrjLiitTE. 



miiH piMslratiotm aw! 1|i0gra^hical ^Kekhc^ 



t-^=OF<^_> 



ITS i=i?.o:M:i:tTE3srT ns/EEnsr ^it3d i=ioisrEEi?.s. 



/j^6/ 



PHILADELPHIA: 
EVERTS & PECK. 




PRESS OP J. B. LlPPlNCOTT & CO., PHILADELPHIA 



PREFACE. 



The history of Cumberland County comprised in the present volume has been compiled according to 
the following plan : 

I. A General History of the County. 

II. A history of the City of Portland. 

III. A history of each of the towns of the county. 

IV. Biographical Sketches, with portraits, on steel, wood, and stone, of men of more or less prominence 
in different i)arts of the county, arranged according to their respective towns, or in connection with the 
histories of those interests with which the subjects have been most intimately identified in their business or 
professions. 

The advantages of this arrangement, we think, are obvious. While it furnishes to each town its 
appropriate history, much more economically tiian could be afforded in separate volumes, it also gives the 
publisher a larger territory in which to disclose of his work, and in that degree enables him to add to its 
excellence and value. It also conduces to a more orderly and systematic classification of the materials 
which make up the volume. It is common to include in town histories a great deal of matter that is of a 
general character, or common to all the towns, and such matter is usually repeated in each separate history 
of a town. But in the plan of the present work these repetitions are entirely avoided by placing all the 
matter of a general character in the general histor}', and only that which is strictly local in the town 
histories. 

The plan of the work is such as is deemed, upon the whole, best adapted to the orderly classification 
of the large amount of matter which such a county must necessarily furnish, — a county whose settlement 
dates back two hundvcd and fifty years, and whose varied resources and interests have been developed by 
a people remarkable for their intelligence, thrift, and enterprise. It would be strange if such a people, 
during a period of two and a half centuries, in many respects the most eventful of modern times, had not 
made history enough to fill one volume, however large, to say nothing of the doings of their savage 
predecessors, or of the voyages of discovery and efforts at colonization which prepared the way for their 
advent to these shores. 

In this preparatory history Maine evidently took the lead, being the first to plant the standard of 
civilization on the New England coast. This is true, whether we consider the French or the early English 
settlements. Maine was the beginning, and not the outgrowth of an older colony : the early promoters of 
settlements on her shores — the Pophams, the Gilberts, and the Gorges — were, in truth, the fathers of New 
England colonization. Sir Ferdinando Gorges and his associates procured the first New England charter 
in 160(j, and tlie second in 1620; and Gorges was active in the mean time in promoting settlements upon 
the coa.st of Maine, at least a dozen years before the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth. He was among 
the first to persuade the Pilgrims to leave Holland, and procured ibr them their final charter, upon which 
all the legal titles of the "Old Colony" are based. 



PREFACE. 



But tliis liistory belongs to the State rather than to a single county: in the present work the writer has 
attciiiptwl only siieh an outline of the early discoveries and settlements in Maine as seemed necessary to 
fairly connect tlie subject with his local history. This is given in two or three of the preliminary chapters. 

It is niiiieccssary here to enumerate the authors consulted in tlie present volume, as they are generally 
referral to in tlic foot-notes or in the text of the work. Much is due, however, to the labors of our prede- 
wasors, especially to those of the late Hon. William Willis, LL.D., the Jiistorian of Portland, and a large 
contributor to other historical collections, whose eminent and exhaustive labors have left little to be under- 
taken in the way of original research within the limits of the subjects treated of by him. The most that 
we have attempted in that direction has been a thorough examination and comparison of the works of this 
author with other sources of evidence and information, with a view to obtaining tlie most accurate facts of 
liistory. To this we have added a large amount of original matter relating to the city of Portland, to tlie 
towns to several important chapters of the general history, and many biographical sketches of citizens. 

Tlie liistory contained in the present volume has been compiled with great c;ire and labor, yet it has 
been a pleasure to the writer. Tlie citizens of the county, in nearly every locality, have manifested an in- 
terest in the work, and many have freely and cheerfully aided in the collection of materials. Our thanks, 
and those of the publisliers, are due to Gen. J. Marshall Brown, of Portland, for valuable aid and sugges- 
tions. Also to Hon. AV. W. Tiiomas, Sr., Hon. Nathan Clifford, Hon. Edward Fox, Hon. Lot Morrill, 
Hon. Charles W. Goddard, William E. Gould, Esq., Hon. Israel Washburn, Jr., George E. B. Jackson, 
Esq., Fabius M. Rav, Esq., Nathan Webb, Esq., Gen. Charles P. Mattocks, and others, of Portland; to Gen. 
Joshua L. Chamberlain, of Brunswick ; and to Mr. S. M. Watson, librarian, by whose courtesy we have had 
access to many books of reference in the city library, and to the valuable collections of the Willis Room in 
that institution. 

In connection with the town histories, our thanks arc also due to Hon. Warren H. Vinton, of Gray ; 
Hon. N. S. Ijittlcfield and Professor A. F. Richardson, of Bridgton; Hon. Robert Euds, of Naples; G. 
Holden, Esq., of Otistield; Capt. Augustus W. Corlis, of Yarmouth; James Banks and Seth Bailey, Esq., 
of Freeport; Col. Samuel True, of Cumberland; Capt. H. Hight, of Scarborough ; Hon. William Goold 
and Thomas L. Smith, of Windham; Moses Plummer, of Pownal; Charles P. Haskell, Esq., and Rev. 
Otis Sawyer, of New Gloucester; Hon. Horatio J. Swascy, of Standish; Hon. Frederick Robie and Hon. 
Joiin A. Waterman, of Gorhara; Samuel Iiigalls and Daniel T. Richardson, Esq., of Baldwin; Hon. Jesse 
Piumnier, of Raymond; Samuel S. Brown and Lyman W. Holden, of Civsco. 

Besides these many other gentlemen have aided us in jirocuring matter for our locid histories of towns 
and villages, whose names are too numerous to be mentioned in this connection. We are indebtetl to the 
editors of the city and county press, to the clerk of the courts and his assistants, to many clergymen and 
incinlK'rs of .sclioul boards and town clerks, who have courteously and freely rendered us assistance in various 
ways. 

Dwiiiibcr 2J, 187y. 

w. w. c. 



CONTENTS. 



i3:istoi?.io^Xj. 



HISTOEY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 

chapteh page 

I. — Early A''oyages and Discoveries on the Coast of Maine 9 
II,- — Explorations and Temporary Settlements by tlie 

English 15 

III. — Aboriginal Inhabitants 16 

IV.— Charters and Land-Grants 22 

v.— Establishment of Civil Government ... 26 

VI.— The First Indian War— 1675 34 

VII.— French and Indian War— 1688 .... 37 

VIII.— French and Indian Wars of 1702 and 1722 . . 41 

IX.— French and Indian War of 1744 .... 45 

X.— Period of the Revolution 52 

XI.— War of the Revolution 56 

XII. — Organization of the County 62 

XIII. — Physical Features 65 

XIV. — Internal Improvements .73 

XV.— Cumberland Bench and Bar 81 

XVI.— Bench and Bar— (Coi/(;»i(e</) 84 

XVII.— Bench and Bar— (Cwi(,-|/.(erf) 80 

XVIII.— The Cumberland County Press . . . .104 

XIX.— County Press— {Conlhiiied) lO'J 

XX.— Authors and Artists 113 

XXI.— The Medical Profession 117 

XXII.— Cumberland Civil and Judicial Officers . . .125 

XXIII. — Legislatures of Maine 127 

XXIV. — County Civil and Judicial List .... 134 

XXV.— Early Military History 136 

XXVI.— Cumberland in the War of the Rebellion . . .141 

XXVII.— Fifth Regiment 143 

XXVIII.— Tenth Regiment 145 

XXIX.— Twelfth Regiment 148 

XXX.— Seventeenth Regiment . . . . . .149 

XXXI.— Twenty-fifth and Twenty-ninth Regiments .. .152 



CHAPIER PAOK 

XXXIL— Thirtieth Regiment 155 

XXXIII. — Miscellaneous 157 

CITY OP PORTLAND 160 

HISTORY OF THE TOWNS AND VILLAGES OF 
CUJMBEIILAND COUNTY. 

PAGK 

Town of Baldwin 214 

" Bridgton 218 

" Brunswick 231 

" Cape Elizabeth 24iK 

" Casco 259 

'* Cumberland 264 

" Falmouth 269 

*' Freeport , 27S- 

" Gorham 280 " 

" Gray 298 

" Ilarpswell 303 

*' Harrison 314 

" Naples 320 

*' New Gloucester 326 • 

" North Yarmouth 339 

" Otisfiold 344 

" Pownal 350 

" Raymond 354 

** Scarborough 359 

" Sebago 369 

" Standish 372 

Towns of Wcstbrook and Deering 378 

Town of Windham 393 

" Yarmouth 407 

Roster of Soldikks in the War oi' the Rebellion fhom 

Cumberland County 415 



BIOGK/^IPSIIO^Xj. 





PAOE 

88 

89 

90 

90 

91 

91 

92 

92 

93 

93 

95 


Moses M. Butler .... 




PAOE 

101 




Sullivan C. Andrews .... 




10? 


William P. Fe.^sendcn 

Albion K. Parris .... 

Charles Stewart Daveis 

William Pitt Preble .... 

Ether Sheplcy ..... 

Hon. William Willis 


Nathan Cleaves 

Marquis D. L. Lane 
Charles E. Clifiord .... 
Henry B. Cleaves .... 
William H. Cliflord .... 


between 102 

102 

102 

102 

facing 


103 
103 
103 
103 
103 
101 








107 


George F. Sheiilcy .... 


Edward H. Elwell .... 




109 


Henry W. Longfellow 




1 n 


Samuel A. Bradley .... 


95 


Nathaniel P. Willi.-^ .... 

John Neal 

William Willis 




113 

114 


Nathan Cliftoid 


90 

98 


115 


Bion Bradbury 


George F. French, M.D. . 
John F. Gilman, M.D. 
Samuel H. Tewksbury, .M.D. . 
Thomas A. Foster, M.D . 


facing 


|-'0 




98 


120 


Josiah H. Drummond 

William Wirt Virgin .... 


100 

between 100, 101 


121 
123 



CONTENTS. 



biog-i^^:p^ic!^^- 



\( , in 1 . linliinfon, M.P. 

Israel Wnshburii, Jr. . 
(!eii. CharKs 1". Mullocks 
A»n rinpp . 
Aw W. II. rinpp 
Oforgo Wnlkcr . 
SjOvnnus U. Lyman . 
(■(Kirgc W. Woodman . 
Piiniil W. Triio . 
Kbcn Corey 
Jli-ury B. Hurl . 
Nalhnn Cummings 
David Moullon . 
Lewis li. Siiiitli . 
Wc.-ton F. Millikcn . 
Uoorgo liurnhuin, Jr. . 
George S. Hunt . 
Horatio X. Jose . 
D. W. Clark 
William Jloullon 
Charles McLaughlin . 
licorgo P. Wcswit 
Ro.<wcll M. Uichardson 
Cajit. Jacob S. Winslow 
Mark P. Emory . 
Charles IL Haskoll 
Ncal R. Mncalastcr . 
William U. Davis 
George Ilurnhiim 
Ca|)t. Janus KacklcIT . 
Col. Jame." F. Miller . 
Z. K. Harmon 
Kcubon ISrown . 
Darwin lugalls . 
William F. Perry 
George Taylor . 
Mwes fiould, M.D. . 
Albert Gould 
Col. John P. Perley . 
Israel P. Peabody 
Luke lirown 
P. I'. Burnham . 
R. A. Barnard . 
Rufus Uibl.s 
Albert F. Richardson 
George i^kolfield . 
tJen. Joshua L. Chanibcrli 
The Trickcy Family . 
■. Ebon N. Perry . 
Hon. W. B. lliggins . 
Silas Skillcn 
A. W. Peubblos . 
Reuben Higgina . 
Jonah Dyer 
Edward F. Hill . 
Hon. A. S. Holdcn 
Dn>id llunin 
Richard May berry 
Albion Cobb, M.D. . 
Oa|>t. JaFeph Illnnchard 
Capt. Riulien Ulanchard 
t'apt. Kpliraim SturdivanW. 
M"?e» Thnuies . 
RoUrl 11. Thorn. - 
Oreli S. Tli.ilnej- . 
AllKTt Ri.l....ul . 
Auilrew R. Uailnii 



PAOB 

facing I2t 

. l'" 

facing 1.^1 

between ICfi, 1G7 

" 166, 10" 

facing 168 

170 

" 172 

171 

176 

" 183 

193 

between 194, I'JS 
l'J+, 195 
facing 196 
" 19S 
" 200 
" 202 
. 204 
. 20.5 
. 206 
. 207 
. 207 
. 208 
. 209 
. 209 
. 210 
facing 210 
. 211 
. 211 



facing 



218 
223 
225 

225 
227 



230 
231 
231 
231 
232 
248 



facing 252 
. 256 



. 259 

li.cing 263 

. 263 

. 263 

. 263 

between 2D4, 205 

204, 265 

facing 266 

del ween 260,267 

266, 207 

266, 267 

. 268 

. 268 



John Noyes 

George Bridghara 

Mnj. Adam Winslow . 

Adam F. AVinslow 

Benjamin F. Hall 

Grenvillc Hall . 

Cai)t. Albert S. Tibbctt 

Nathan Nyo 

Samuel Bliss 

William Goro 

Samuel A. Ilolbrook . 

Elias S. Goff 

John n. Roberts 

Rev. John Rico . 

Washington Bray 

Ebenezcr Choato 

David H. Cole . 

The Porlcy Family 

L. L. Ciockctt . 

Nicholas Hideout 

Joseph B. Hammond 

John Morgan 

Jcseph E. Foxcroft 

Otis C. Nelson . 

Charles P. Haskell ... 

Major Salomon H. Chandler 

Winthrop True .... 

William Buxton . . . • 

Ames Osgood, M.D. . 

William Osgood, M.D. 

Jonathan Ingalls 

Johnson Libby . . • • 

Asa M. Sylvester 

John and Cyrus F. Moulton 

Jordan L., John, and Benjamin Larr 

William Fitch . . . • 

William H. Dresser . 

Tobias Lord and Tobias Lord, .Ir. 

Col. Lemuel Rich (3d( 

William Rich . . • • 

Hon. Lcandcr Valentine . 

William L. Pennell . 

Col. Thomas Wcstbrook 

Hon. George Warren . 

Lewis P. Warren 

Hon. Siimuol Jordan . 

James M. Buzzcll, M.D. . 

Henry B. Walker 

Charles Roberts . . - ■ 

James Pennell . . . • 

William Gilmorc 

James M. Webb . . . • 

George Johnson .... 

Hon. William Goold ... 

Thomas L. Smith 

Richard Mayberry 

D. P. B. Pride . . • • 

George T. Pratt . 

John M. White . 

Alley Hawkcs . 

B. F. Dunn, Ml). 

Charles Rogers . 

Benjamin M. Bake 

James and James M. Bales, M.D 

Capt. William Bucknam . 

Elen/er liurbank, M.D. 

Augustus U. Burbank, M.D. 



facing 



PAOE 

272 
276 
277 
277 
277 
278 
278 



facing 



facing 



facing 280 
" 282 
" 283 
. 285 
286 
288 
303 
322 
" 324 
. 324 
. 325 
. 325 
between 330, 331 
. 334 
. 335 
. 335 
. 338 
. 336 
. 337 - 
. 338 
facing 340 
between 342, 343 
" 342, 343 
. 349 
. 367 
. 308 
. 368 
. 369 
. 372 



between 380, 3S1 

•' 380, 381 

. :''^2 

between ."83, 383 

382, 383 

" 3SS, 389 

" 388, 389 

. 390 



391 
392 
392 



405 

406 



1118 
410 



CONTENTS. 



IIjXjXJSTR.J^TI02<rS. 



Map of Cumberland County (double p 


age) . . between 8, 9/ 


Portrait of Chief Justice Prentiss Me 


len 88 


" Nathan Clifford (steel) . 


facing i/96 


" Bion Bradbury 


" ^9S 


Elbridgo Gerry (steel) . 


" V 99 


" Josiah H. Drummond (ste 


el) . . . " ^100 


" William W. Virgin . 


between 100/101 


" Moses M. Butler (steel) . 


facing An 


" SuUiran C. Andrews (stee 


) . . . " yio2 


" Nathan Cleaves 


between 102,>'1I13 


" Marquis D. L. Lane 


" 102,^a03 


" Charles E. Clifford . 


" 102,^103 


" Henry B. Cleaves . 


" 102,JlO3 


" William H. Clifford . 


facing vl03 


" Augustine Haines . 


103 


" John M. Adams (steel) 


facing v-lO? 


" Edward H. Blwell . 


" (/'l09 


" William Wellis (steel) 


" /lis 


" John T. Oilman (steel) 


" yi20 


" S. H. Tewksbury, M.D. (s 


eel). . . " vl21 


" Thomas A. Foster, M.D. 


" >'123 


William C. Robinson, M.I 


X . . . " vl24 


Israel Washburn, Jr. 


" 1,1'"' 


" Gen. C. P. Mattocks . 


" :151 


rOKTLiI 


iND. 


View of the City of Portland and Ha 


rbor . . . facing 160, 


Residences of Israel T. Dana, Georj 


e T. French, Fr.ancis K. 


Swan, and L. D. M. Sweat . 


facing 164 


Residence of Asa W. H. Clapp . 


" 166 


Portrait of Asa Clapp 


. between 160^67 


" A. W. U. Clapp 


166,VI6r 


" George Walker . 


facing V 168 


" S. R. Lyman 


" yi70 


" George W. Woodman 


" ,,'172 


« Daniel W. True 


" ,174 


" Eben Corey 


" ^176 


" Henry B. Hart . 


" ^183 


Views of the Cathedral, Episcopal 


Residence, Kavanaugh 


School, St. Dominic's Church an 


i School . . facing 184 


Portrait of Nathan Cummings . 


" -yigs 


" David Moulton 


between 194yi95 


" Lewis B. Smith 


194,^195 


Store of Chas. McLaughlin & Co. 


195 


Portrait of Weston F. Milliken . 


facing v/l96 


" George Burnham, Jr. 


" -198 


" George S. Hunt 


" v200 


H.N.Jose 


" . 202 


" D. W. Clark . 


205 


" William Moulton (steel) 


facing , 205 


** Charles McLaughlin (stee 


) . . . " .206 


" George P. Wcscott (steel) 


between 206,> 207 


" R. M. Richardson (steel) 


206,.'207 


" Jacob S. AYinslow (steel) 


facing v208 


" Mark P. Emery (steel) 


" >209 


" Charles H. Haskell . 


210 


" Neal R. Macalaster . 


210 


" William G. Davis . 


facing; 210 


" George Burnham 


211 


" Capt. James Rackleff 


212 


" Col. James F. Miller 


212 


" Z. K. Harmon 


213 



BALDWIN. 

Residence of John W. Flint (with portraits) . . facing 214 , 

Portraits of Reuben Brown and Wife 218 

BRIDGTON. 

View of Forest Mills facing 218~ 

Residence of Byron Kimball " 220-_ 



rtrait) 
lortrait) 



View of Town-House 
Residence of James P. Webb, M.D. (with 
Portraits of Asa and Darwin Ingalls 
Residence and Mills of Rufus Gibbs (with 
Portrait of William F. Perry . 

" George Taylor . 

View of Bridgton Academy 
Portraits of Moses and Albert Gould . 

" Enoch and John P. Perley 

Residence of John P. Perley 
Portrait of Israel P. Pcabody 

** Luke Brown 

Residence of P. P. Burnham 

** Albert F. Richardson . 

Portrait of R. A. Barnard . 



BRUNSWICK. 

Portraits of George and (ieorgc R. Skolfield 
Portrait of Clement Martin 

" Gen. Joshua L. Chamberlain (steel) . 

CAPE ELIZABETH. 

Residence of Eben N. Perry (with portraits) 
Portrait of James Trickey .... 

" Hon. W. B. Higgins 

" Silas Skillen 

Portraits of Reuben Higgins and Wife 

" Jonah Dyer and Wife 

" A. Vf. Pcabbles and Wife 

Portrait of Edward F. Hill .... 



PAGE 
. 221 

g 222 „_ 
v^223 

224-,., 
,m5 
^ '-225 

226^ 
7227 

229J 
. 229 
. 230 
ig 230^ 
230 ' 



facing ./232 
" v'234 
" / 248 



facing 250- 
" v/2o2 



. 258 
ig ; 258 
/ 258 
',258 
. 259 



CASCO. 

Residence and Carriage-Factory of S. C. Watkins . facing 261 

Portrait of David Duran 262 

Residence of Albion Cobb, M.D. (with portraits) . facing 263- 

" of Hon. A. S. Holden (with portrait) . " 263- 

Portrait of Richard Mayberry 263 

CUMBERLAND. 

Residence of Capt. Joseph Blanchard . . . facing 264 

Portrait of Capt. Joseph Blanchard . . . between 264;' 265 
Portraits of Capt. Reuben Blanchard and Wife . " 264,^265 

Portrait of Capt. Ephraim Sturdivant . . . facingv 266 

Residence of Moses Themes .... between 266, 267 ■ 
Portraits of Moses, Joseph, and Robert H. Themes " 266,^267 

Residence of Oren S. Themes (with portrait) . . facing 267^ 

" Albert Rideout (with portrait) . . " 26S> 

" the late A. R. Baston (with portrait) . " 269-- 



FALMOUTH. 



facing 270 - 
" <- 272 

274 - 
" 275- 
" 276 .. 



View of West Falmouth 

Portrait of John Noyes 

Residence of Grenvillo Hall (with portraits) 

** Benjamin F. Hall (with portrait) . 

Works of the West Falmouth Manufacturing Co. 
Portrait of George Bridgham .... 
Residence of Adam F. M'iuslow (with portraits) 

" Capt. A. S. Tibbetts 

FREEPORT. 

Portrait of Nathan Nye facing 2S0 

" Samuel Bliss " . 282 

" William Gore " ,, 283 

" Samuel Holbrook (steel) . . . between 284^285 

" S. A. Holbrook (steel) ..." 284,-585 



277 
273. 



GORUAM. 



Portrait of Elias S. GofT . 
" John H. Roberts 



facing n286 



CONTENTS. 



HjLTJSTRyJ^TIOnSrS. 



GRAY. 

PAGE 

Purlrait of Rev. John Uico •**•* 

HARRISON. 

Rcsulenco of Edward K. Wliilncy .... facing 3U\ 
" P. Tolman ...... " ^H 

NAPLES. 

Residence of lion. S. F. Porley facing 320 ^ 

Portrait of Wnsliington Rrny " ^2. 

Residence of the Into Bcnj. Goodridgc (with portraits) " 323 -~ 

Portrait of David H. Colo 324 

Portraits of Ebcnezer, Elim, and Charles Choato . facing J324 
Rccidcnee of L. L. Crockett (with portraits) . . " 325-, 

NEW GLOUCESTER. 

Residence of Joseph B. Hammond .... facing 326 -~ 

The Shaker Village "328 — 

Residence of Nicholas Rideout (with portrait) . between 330,>fe3L_ 
" Charles P. Haskell (with portraits) . facing 332\ 

" erected by Isaac Parsons, in 1762 . . " SSa 

" of Otis C. Nelson (with portraits) . . " 333 — 

" the Foxcroft family (with coat of arms) between 334, 335 — 

Portrait of Joseph E. Foxcroft .... " 334,^^35 

" John Morgan 336 

" golwmon n. Chandler (steel) • . . facing J337 

" Winthrop True 338 

Residence of Jabez True, in 1840 .... facing 338. 
The True Homestead, residence of D. W. True, in 1S80 " 338/'" 

NORTU VARMOUTH. 

Portrait of William Buxton facing 1 340 

Portraits of Amos and William Osgood, M.D. . between 342^/343 

OTISFIELD. 

Portraits of Jonathan Ingalls and Wife 350 

RAYMOND. 

Portraits of Moses and Gideon Plummer , . . facing^'^ 354 
" Henry (deceased) and Henry Jordon . " 354 

SCARBOROUGH. 

Residence of Benjamin Larrabco .... facing 3C0 
Portraits of Joseph Larrabee and Wife ... '* 360_. " 
Higgins' Beach and Residence of Hiram Higgins (with por- 
traits) facing 3C4~ - 

Portrait of Johnson I.ibby 3GS 

Asa M. Sylvester 308 



Portraits of John and Capt. C. F. Moulton . . facing '368 

" Jordan li., Capt. John, and Benj. Larrabco " J 369 

Portrait of Cyrus Milliken " 368 

SEBAGO. 

Residence of the late Luther Fitch (with portraits) between 370, 371 
" William Fitch .... " 370, 371 

STANDISH. 

Residence and Mills of Tobias Lord (with portraits) . 



facing 



372 
Residence of William Rich (with portraits) . . " 375 

Portrait of William II. Dresser "377 

" Tobias Lord, Jr 377 

" Col. Lemuel Rich (3d) 377 

WESTBROOK. 

Residence of Charles Roberts (with portraits) 
Portrait of Leander Valentine . 

" William L. Pcnnell . 

Portraits of George and Lewis P. Warren . 
Portrait of Henry B. Walker . 

" James Pcnnell .... 

" AVilliam Gilmore 

" James M. Webb 



facing 373 

between 380, 381 

" 380, 381 

" 382,(383 

. . . 391 

facing 392 

" ' 392 

" 392 



DEERING. 

Residence of Charles Ramsay . 

" J. J. Fryo . 

" L. B. Chapman . 

Portrait of Hon. Samuel Jordan 

" James M. Buzzell, M.D. 

Residence of George Johnson (with portraits) 



. facing 384 

" 386 

" 387 

between 388, 389 

" 388,^389 

facing 393 ■ 



WINDHAM. 

Residence of J. M. White facing 394 

Portrait of Hon. William Goold 403 

" Thomas L. Smith 404 

" Richard Mayberry facing 405 

" George T. Pratt "405 

" D. P. B. Pride " . 405 

" J. M. White "405 

" B. F. Dunn, M.D " '406 

" Benjamin M. Baker " ; 406 

" Alley Hawkes "406 

" Charles Rogers "406 

YARMOUTH. 

Portraits of James and James M. Bates, M.D. . facing .408 

Portrait of Capt. William Bucknam .... "410 

" Eleazor Burbank, M.D. (steel) . between 414, 415 

" A. H. Burbank, M.D. (steel) . . " 414,415 



r»X,AA^ OF 



CUMBERliAXI) f OIWTY 



MAINE. 




%/ \''- '"v ■ ^ - ■■ '■'■'-"" ' "-- V 

Pay > '■ >> ■ ,■ , ■- -' ^f^fT/^E 













HISTORY 



CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



BY W. W. CLAYTON. 



CHAPTER I. 

EARLY VOYAGES AND DISCOVEKIES ON THE 
COAST OF MAINE. 

Discovery of Verrazano — Charts of New France — Norumbega — 
French Fort on the Penobscot — K.\pedition of De Monts — Voyages 
and Charts of the Coast, by Champlain — French Settlement at St. 
Croix. 

Our local history may be properly introduced by some 
general remarks respecting the early voyages and discoveries 
on this coast. It was only six years after Columbus had 
discovered the West India Islands that the Cabots (John 
and Sebastian) sailed from England, and, making a voyage 
to North America, passed along this coast, though nothing 
definite is learned from them respecting it. Twenty-six 
years later, in 1524, the coast of Maine was discovered by 
Giovani da Verrazano, an Italian navigator, who had been 
sent on an exploring expedition by Francis I., king of 
France. The name Norumbega, by which it was called by 
the natives, was taken to France, and probably to Italy, by 
this explorer, and soon found its way into the maps and 
charts of those coutitries as a designation of the coast from 
the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the semi-tropical regions towards 
Florida. Thus, in the charts of Ramusio, the Italian geogra- 
pher, prepared, as he says, for students in Italy, in 1556, 
there is a chart of New France, in which the coast south- 
westward from Nova Scotia appears under this ancient abo- 
riginal name. The remarks accompanying this chart were 
made by Crignon, the French geographer, who had accom- 
panied the famous French captain, Parmentier, in his 
voyage to America in 1529. He says, " Going beyond the 
Cape of the Bretons, there is a country contiguous thereto, 
the coast of which trends to the west a (juarter southwest 
to the country of Florida, and runs along for a good five 
hundred leagues, which coa.st was discovered fifteen years 
ago by Slaster Giovani da Verrazano in the name of the 
king of France and Madame la Ilegente ; and this country 
is called by many '■ La Francaes,' and even by the Portu- 
guese themselves. Its end is towards Florida under 78^ 
west and 38° north. The inhabitants of this country are 
a very pleasant, tractable, and peaceful people. The country 
abounds with all sorts of fruits. There grow oranges, al- 
monds, wild-grapes, and many other fruits of odoriferous 
trees. The country is named by the natives 'Norumbega,' 



and between it and Brazil is a great gulf in which are the 
islands of the West Indies discovered by the Spaniards.'* 

This first name, applied by European geographers to the 
coast of Maine, was afterwards used in a more restricted 
sense. Thus we find Andre Thevit, the French navigator 
who visited the Penobscot in 1556, applying it to that 
river, probably because it was deemed, at that time, the 
chief river, and therefore entitled to the general name of 
the country. Describing his entrance into the Penobscot, 
he says, " Here we entered a river which is one of the 
finest in the world. We call it Norumbega. It is marked 
on some charts as the Grand River. The natives call it 
Agency. Upon its banks the French formerly erected a small 
fort, about ten leagues from its mouth. It was called the 
Fort of Norumbega, and was surrounded by fresh water.'f 
We learn from this that the French, at a very early day, 
claimed the eastern part of the State of Maine ; that charts 
had been made of its coasts and principal rivers, and that 
they had built a fort on the Penobscot, ten leagues above 
its mouth, before the year 1556. Thirty-two years before 
this Verrazano had taken po.ssession of it in the name of 
the king of France, and had formed some sort of a league 
or treaty with the natives. 

The maps of Ramusio, above referred to, were made 
from the study of the original charts and reports of voy- 
ages undertaken by the Spanish, Portuguese, and French 
navigators. In his remarks accompanying the collection 
he says he " had compiled these maps, such as they were, 
not because he thought them perfect or complete, but be- 
cause he wished to satisfy the desire of Italian students, 
entertaining the hope that in some time to come tlicy would 
be improved."'}; 

The results of the voj'ages of Champlain along the coast 
of Maine, in 1605-G, were embodied in a carefully-pre- 
pared chart, and, in connection with a pen-^onal narrative of 
his expeditions, published in Paris, in 16K5. '• It is almo.'-t 
incredible," says the author of a late paper read before the 
Maine Historical Society, on the subject of these voyages, 
" that, in the histories of the United States, New England, 
and Maine, scarcely an allusion is made to this expedition 
under Champlain. Bancroft devoles a few lines to the op- 



* Maine Historical Collections, vol. i. p. 2.T1. 

t Singularilies of Aniarclic France, otherwise called .\meri 

X Maine Hist. Coll., vol. i. p. 227. 

9 



10 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTV, MAINE. 



crafions ol" Do Moiits, under the dates of 1C05-6, but docs 
not nienlioii Clianiplain's a-ieney. Williamson, f|uoting 
IVuni Belknap, gives tlie same date. Folsom notes the 
landing at Saoo. Judge Godfrey gives a somewhat de- 
tailed aecount of the discoveries in the Penobscot, but 
erroneously makes the date lG()5,and De Monts one of the 
party. I'alfrey gives three pages to Go.snoId, one to Pring, 
and one to Weymouth, but dismisses the French di.«cov- 
erics in a few disparaging linos, emphasizing the fact of 
their having landed at Cape Cod, but giving no account of 
llic detailed operations on the coast of Maine."* 

Happily, the lime has come when a truer history of 
these events can be written without any coloring from the 
prejudices of nationality and religion ; and to this end the 
valuable paper of the author above quoted furnishes an im- 
portant contribution. We shall follow General Brown's 
paper substantially in the remaining portion of this pre- 
liminary chapter : 

" In H>Wi, Chaniplain sailed with Du Pont-Grave and 
ex]ilored the St. Lawrence. The following year he joined 
the company of De Monts, not, as some historians assert, 
the pilot of the expedition, but especially commissioned, 
it would appear, by the king himself, a roj'al geographer, 
ordered to make discoveries and prepare maps and charts, 
and report directly to the crown. Three years he remained 
here, I'aitlifully carrying out, under circumstanecs of great 
hardship and peril, the instructions he had received, and 
the record he has left is a marvel of accuracy, patience, and 
indomitable courage. The entire coast line of the Gulf of 
Maine was reconnoitered and described, and charts made of 
the principal harbors, which were, in 1G13, published at 
Paris under his own supervision. 

"The expedition of De Monts was prepared with great 
deliberation, and its composition arranged with thoughtful 
reference to the needs and possibilities of the future colony. 
The company numbered on its rolls soldiers inured to 
foreign service, sailors who were familiar with American 
waters, skilled mechanics, and gentlemen of rank. 

" De Jlonts was the first to leave France, sailing from 
Havre de Grace on the 7th of April in a vessel commanded 
by Captain Timothee ; with liini were the Sieurs de Pout- 
rincourt and Cham))lain, and other gentlemen. Three 
days later, on the iDth, the other vessel, commanded by 
Captain Morel, of Honfleur, with the Sieur de Pont-Grav<^ 
and tlie rest of the company, sailed with stores to join De 
Monts at Canceau, which had been selected as the rendez- 
vous. 

" When at sea, however, De Monts changed his plans 
and directed his course to a port farther to liie westward. 
On the 1st of May he sighted Sable Island, on the 8tli the 
main land at Cape la Hove, and on the lOth made a harbor 
at the present Liverpool, called by him ' Port Rossignol.' 
On the IM\ the party disembarked at ' Port au Mouton,' 
and jiroeeeded to erect shelters, having determined to await 
here the arrival of their consort, in search of whom a .small 
parly was sent toward Canceau in a shallop with letters of 
udvicc. 

" Meanwhile, on the 10th of May, Champlain, accom- 

' Oin. John Martball Brown, of Portland. 



panicd by the Sieur Ralleau, secretary of Do Monts, and 
ten men, left ' Port au Mouton' for the purpose of making 
a rcconnoissancc of the coast. lie rounded Capo Sable, 
passed along the west coast of Nova Scotia, and penetrated 
the Bay of Fundy to nearly the site of Annapolis, and then 
returned to ' Port au Mouton' about the middle of June. 
On the following day the company, now increased by the 
arrival of the other vessel, abandoned their temjiorary 
shelters. Following the course which Champlain had 
previously taken, they diligently explored the south and 
north shores of the Bay of Fundy, but without determining 
upon the place for their settlement. Leaving the mouth 
of the St. John River, and proceeding westward, they 
landed first upon an island, which, from the great number 
of birds resembling magpies (mnr/yo.s), they named ' L'IsIc 
aux Margos' (the little cluster is now known as ' The 
Wolves'). Farther to the westward could be seen other 
i^lands, .says Champlain, one of large extent, called by the 
natives ' Manthane,' a name which, under the disguise of 
' Menan,' it still bears. 

" After leaving ' Isles aux Margos' they came to a river 
in the main land, and passing by the present site of East- 
port, they entered the broad expanse of Passamaquoddy 
Bay. Ascending the river, they came to a point where 
were two islands, on the larger of which the little colony 
disembarked and began at once the necessary preparations 
for their winter's residence. The narrative of Champlain 
gives a simple but vivid picture of this diminutive settle- 
ment of the ' Holy Cross,' so short-lived that its very site 
was for more than a century unknown. It is now called 
Neutral, or De Monts Island, and the river is fitly called 
by the name which the ill-starred adventurers piously gave 
to the first organized attempt to plant a colony on the 
shores of Maine. 

" It is well known that the vexed question of the pre- 
cise northeastern boundary of the United States was only 
determined by the identification of this i.-land, so that in 
more senses than one the little spot has acquired a national 
importance. 

" On the last day of August De Poutrincourt was sent 
back to France with Secretary Ralleau, the former to make 
arrangements for his own adventure at Port Royal, the latter 
to put in order some of the affairs of the company. What 
followed we give, as nearly as space will allow, in Cham- 
plain's own words : 

" * .After the depsirtnre of the vessel?,* he sajs, ' the Sieur do Monts 
determined to send an expedition, without loss of time, along the 
coast of iXoriimbetftie, and this be committctl to my charge, which was 
much to m.v liking. To this end I left St. Croix the 2d of Septem- 
ber, 1G04, with a pnttttchc of seventeen or eighteen tons, twelve 
sailors, and two savages as guides. This day we fimnd the vessels of 
the Sieur do Poutrincourt, which were anchored at the mouth of the 
river on account of the bad weather, and from this spot wo could not 
move until the lifth uf the same month, and then when two or three 
leagues at sea the f >g came up so thick that wc soon lost their ves- 
sels from sight. Continuing our course along the coa>t wc made this 
day some twenty-five leagues and passed by a great quantity of islands, 
shallows, and reefs, which extend seawards in places more than four 
leagues. We have named the islands " it* i»/<-a yi;<ii(</i'c»." . . . This 
same day wc passed quite near an island which is some four or five 
leagues long and were nearly lost on a little rock just under water 
which made a small hole in our bark near the keel. . . . The island 
is very high, and so cleft in places that at sea it appears as if seven 



EARLY VOYAGES AND DISCOVERIES. 



11 



or eight mountains wore ranged siile by side. ... I have named Ibis 
islnnd " L'Mc tU» Moiiii-dtserl);" its latitude is 441°. The next morn- 
ing, 6tb of SeptembLT, we ra.ide two leigues ami perceived a smoke in 
a crcelt which was at the foot of the mountains and saxv two canoes 
jiropelled by savages, who came within musket shot to reconnoitre us.' 

" At this point, whitli would appear to be on the southern 
or southwestern shore of Mount Desert, Chainplain appears 
to have anchored for the nij;ht, for he says tliat on tlie fol- 
lowing day, which was the 7th of September, the natives 
returned, and after receiving presents in exchange for fish 
and game, consented to guide the adventurers to their own 
home at Pvimtegouet, where they said their chief Bessahcz 
was. 

'• We quote again from Champlain : 

*" I think that this river is the same called by several pilofsanrl his- 
torians Nonnubei/ue, and which has been described by most of them 
as broad and spacious, with very many islands, with iis entrance in 
43° to 43i° of latitude, or, according to others, in 44° more or le^^s 
As for the longitude. I have never read or heard any one speak of it. 
They say. also, there is a great city well peopled w.th savages, adroit 
and skillful, and used to the manufacture of eoltoa. I am sure thnt 
most of those who speak of these things have never seen them and 
derive their authority from men who know no more than themselves. 
I am ready to believe that there are some who have seen the muuth 
of the river {i.e., the bay), because there are a great many islands 
there and it is in 44°. But there is no appearance of any one's hav- 
ing entered there, for they would have described it in quite another 
fashion in order to rid many of the doubt. I shall, therefore, narrate 
truly all that I have discovered aad seen from the beginning as f.ir as 
I have been.' 

" Champlain then describes in great detail the physical 
features of that wonderful portion of the coast called Penob- 
scot Bay, which he makes extend from Mount Desert in 
the cast to the promontory of Ihdnhedcc on the west (the 
present Owl's Head). Midway, and out at sea, he describes 
that singularly picturesque island named by him '■Ide Hmtle,' 
— a name it still bears. Fish of all kinds abouud, and game, 
which make the numerous i-slands a frequent resort for the 
natives during the season. On the western shore are the 
mountains of Bedabedec (the Camden liills of the present 
day), and everywhere are wooded islands, low-lying rocks, 
and dangerous reefs. With the scrupulous care which char- 
acterizes him everywhere, he gives the necessary directions 
for entering the head-waters of the bay. 

" * Coming to the south,' he says, ' of the"/«?c Ifaiite," and ranging 
along the shore for a quarter of a league where are some rocks just 
out of water, and then heading to the west until you open all the 
islands which lie to the north of this island, and you may be sure that 
when you see the eight or nine summits of Isle den Monttt-desertH and 
the heights of .Be(/«6ef/ec you are directly opposite the river of -iVo/-((/j(- 
hrijiie ; to enter, you mu^-t head to the njrth towards the very high 
mountains of BeUitbedec, and you will sec nj islands before you, and 
can enter safely with plenty of water.' 

" Entering the bay, Champlain proceeded, under the 
guidance of the savages he had taken at Mount Desert, 
to the narrows at the mouth of the river, and ascended the 
river to the point where the Kenduskeag stream enters it 
at Bangor. He speaks with enthusiasm of the scenery, 
the river-banks covered with verdure, and here and there 
lively stretches of meadow. At this point his progress was 
arrested by the falls. So he remained here and landed. 
The great oaks on the shore seemed to form a sort of park, 
to have been planted, he says,' for pleasure,' but no city, 



no population skilled in the domestic arts ; neither there 
nor anywhere on sliore or on island was, as he sa3-s, ' any 
town or village, or any appearance of there having been 
any," only one or two squalid huts covered with bark after 
the fashion which they had seen practiced at the St. Croix 
and on the shores of the great bay. 

" Here they met Jiessuliez, the chief or captain of the 
tribe, and Ctibahis, who had jurisdiction over a family or 
tribe to the westward, perhaps at what is now Belfast. Great 
stir there was among the dusky natives at the sight of the 
strangers, dancing and singing, and much consumption of 
tobacco. But Cabahis drew himself apart from the noisy 
throng for a while, because, as the narrative says, ' it was 
the first time he had ever seen Christians.' 

"On the 17th of September, the day after all these 
festivities, Champlain took the altitude and found 45° 25' 
north latitude and began the descent of the river, and so 
continued coasting to the westward. At what we judge to 
be St. George's River their native guides left them, because 
the savages of the Qainibcqvy were their enemies. We 
quote again : 

" * V^G ranged along the coast some eight leagues ti the westward 
as far as an island distant some ten leagues from the Qitinibtfqiitf, 
where we were obliged to ^top on account of b id weather and contrary 
winds; in one part of our route we passed a quantity of islands and 
breakers, very dangerous, and shelving out into the sea some league?.' 

" At this point the weather and headwinds, and the 
scarcity of provisions, compelled our hardy adventurers to 
retrace their steps. On the 23d of September, three weeks 
after leaving St. Croix, they set about on their return, and 
in nine days after were greeted by their companions. 

" Champlain received no intelligence of any Europeans 
on the coast, and found no fixed settlements of natives. 
The savages lived on the head-waters of the rivers and along 
the great carrying-places which constituted a thoroughfare 
from one end of the Acadian Peninsula to another, so that, 
as Champlain was informed, one could go from the St. Croix 
to the St. John and so to Quebec, or to the Penobscot 
and Kennebec, and so by the Cliaudiere to the St. Law- 
rence. The vast network of rivers and lakes made com- 
munication easy and rapid. That no tidings were received 
of any Europeans on the coast is doubtless satisfactory evi- 
dence that at this time, in 1604, and indeed within the 
memory of the generation then living, there had been no 
attempt at colonization, or even any exploration of the coun- 
try within the limits traversed by Champlain. 

" During the month of Champlain's absence the little 
band had busied themselves to make preparations for the 
winter, and the accession to their number of the returned 
adventurers only gave new vigor to their efforts. Shelter 
was provided, but it was scanty enough for the inclement 
season, and disease of irresistible virulence clutched at these 
poor waifs from the shores of sunny France, and closed their 
eyes to all earthly things. When the spring opened the 
little cemetery had in it thirty-five graves, — nearly as many 
dead as living left to mourn their loss. Di.spirited at such 
"reat misfortunes, De Monts resolved to abandon his plan- 
tation and return to France; but on the 15th of June the 
little band was gladdened by the news of the arrival of two 
vessels bringing men and provisions. 



12 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



•"On llio Dcvciitocnth of tlio muntli," snys Clioni|ilain, ' theSiour dc 
Monl8 ilcciilcJ to !<ci'k for a pliico licllcr suited lor hiibitation than 
Guru, nnd on tlio iMghtconlh hv loft tlio isliind of St. Croix with some 
Kentlrnien, Iwcutv milor.i, nnd two savages, /',i,imiii!ai and his wife, 
whom he did nut wish to iciive behind, nnd whom wo toolt with us ns 
a guide to Iho country of the AlmouclilqiiwH, hoping bv means of her 
to see nnd learn uiore of the country, for she was ii native of it. 

'• ' So ranging nlonj; Iho coast between Mciuiie, which is about three 
leagues from the main hind, we ciiuic lo tho southward of the "/«/(■» 
Hhivj/h" and anchored at one where there wcro«o ninny crows that we 
named it " I'lc mi-t CnrurUlca ;" from tlience we made " L'islc (lea 
M:iili i/c»fif«," which is nt tho entrnnco of tlie river Nonimhfuue, as 
I have said before: thence we went some live or six leagues among 
several islands.' 

" Tlicse were doubtless tlio Fo.\ I.siiinds, and here they 
fiiuiiJ !i good liarbor. On tlie 1st of July they set sail to 
the westward and made some twenty-five leagues, passing 
tho islands and vcofs Chaniplaiii had noticed in the previous 
voyage, and reaching the mouth of the Qiiiniheijiiy, as 
Ciianiplain say.«, they anchored some throe hundiod yards 
from the entrance in five or six fathoms. 

" * At the entrance there is an island quite high which we have nnincd 
" Lii 7'orfHf,"Bnd bt'twccn this and tho main land arc some scattered 
islands and rocks, covered at high water, but the sea breaks over them. 
Tho '• lule lie la Turlue" and the river are SSE. and NNW.' 

'• Tlicy were delayed Iiere by the fog, but on the 5th of 
July they began the exploration of the river. They were 
now obviously in the Sheepscot River, which seems to have 
been called also Quinibcquy by the natives. At some dis- 
tjince up the river they narrowly escaped being lost on a 
rock whicli they grazed in passing ; farther on they met 
some savages in two canoes ; by the aid of the wife of their 
guide they accosted these hunters and secured their services 
as guides to their chief Mdiithouiiiermn: Proceeding some 
miles, they passed through a beautiful country with fine 
meadow-lands and little streams ; then they passed by an 
island some four leagues long, and at last reached the head 
of the river, probably where is now Wiscasset. Here was 
Manlhoumcniier, their chief, and some twenty-five or thirty 
savages. There was at first some timidity on the part of 
tlie natives, but the conference resulted amicably, presents 
were exchanged, and a species of offensive and defensive 
alliance concluded between the two parties. On the follow- 
ing morning, under the guidance of the savages, the party 
descended the river by another passage than tliat of the 
previous ascent, with the intention of reaching a lake, so 
called, which appeared to be a well-known resort of neigh- 
boring tribes. What follows we give in Champlain's words : 

" ' Passing by some islands, each of the savages left an arrow near 
a capo by which all must pass : they believe that unless they do this 
(he devil will bring about some misfortune; they live in this super- 
stition as well as mnny others. Near this cape we passed a fall of 
water; hut it wos not done without great difficulty, for although we 
had a fair and fresh wind, and carried all the sail wo possibly could, 
wo were obliged to lake a hawser ashore and fasten it to the trees and 
then pull with nil our strength, and thus by main force and the favor- 
ing wind we got through. Tho savages who were with us carried 
their ennoes along the shore, being unable to make headway with their 
paddles. After having passed the fall wc saw beautiful meadow- 
londs. I was much astonished at this fall because we descended easily 
with Iho tide, hut at Ihe fall it was against us, but above the fall it 
ebbed m before, much to our salisfaction. Pursuing our route, we 
came to a lake which is three or four leagues long, with islands in it. 
Hero de«« ml two rivers, the QiiLnhc./u,/, which comes from the norlli- 
east, nnd another, which comes from the northwest, by which Murchhn 
and S'liiiiiiii were lo com''; but havin^r wailml ih«. wln.lf of ibis .Inv 



without seeing them we resolved to keep our time em])loyed, and so 
weighed anchor and came to the mouth of the river.' 

" Time will not permit a full translation of the very in- 
teresting description which follows. It is evident that 
Champlain ascended the Sheepscot to the northern ex- 
tremity of We.stport, descended the river on the west side 
of the island, passed close to what is now called Hoeka- 
mock Point, pulled the vessel through upper Ilellgate and 
so entered the Kennebec proper, and passed on to Blerry- 
nieeting Bay. The descent was made by the true channel 
to the site of Fort Popham, where they probably anchored, 
unless they made a harbor a little farther to the westward. 
From the Indians Champlain received an accurate descrip- 
tion of this noble river; they told him it was the great 
route to the St. Lawrence, and explained to him the con- 
nection between it and the Chaudiore, describing, in fact, 
the very route by which, one hundred and seventy years 
later, the intrepid Arnold carried his brave little army to 
the very walls of Quebec. They further told him that 
there were no Indians on the coast, but that in tho interior, 
probably meaning Norridgewock, they lived and cultivated 
the soil. 

"On the 8th of the month the party, previou.sly de- 
tained by the fog, set sail to the westward, probably taking 
a direct course for the headland of Cape Elizabeth, for they 
passed without entering Casco Bay, which Champlain de- 
scribes as full of islands, and beyond them to the west great 
mountains where dwells a savage chief named '■Ancdu.' 
The next day coasting along they saw signs of habitations, 
smokes in the main land which seemed to invite them, and 
many of the natives, more than eighty in number, dancing 
and gesticulating on the shore. The vessel came to off 
what is now Old Orchard Beach, and anchored inside of 
what is now Stratton's Island. Here there was a friendly 
conference with the natives, and from this point they made 
a visit to an island, ' which,' in Champlain's language, ' is 
very beautiful, having fine oaks and walnuts ; the soil is 
cultivated, and bears vines with good grapes in their season. 
They were the first we had seen since leaving Cape ' La 
Ilevc' This we called ' L'isle de Bacchus' One can 
with difliculty recognize under this description the Rich- 
mond Island of the present day. The lofty oaks and wal- 
nuts and luxuriant vines have disappeared, and all that 
remains of the spot which, perhaps more than any other 
on the coast, with the exception of Pcmaquid, was in the 
early days the resting-place of trade and active enterprise, 
is a bare, wind-swept field, uninviting to all but the storm- 
beaten sailor who seeks shelter under its lee. 

" ' At high water,' Champlain continues, ' we weighed 
anchor and entered a little river (the Saco), which we could 
not do sooner on ticcount of a bar, on wliich at low tide 
there is but one-half a fathom of water, but at the flood a 
fathom and one-half, and at the spring tide two fathoms ; 
within are three, four, five, and six,' — a very accurate de- 
scription of the physical features apparent to this day. 
Champlain, with his customary exactness, enters into minute 
details of the habits, appearance, and character of the peo- 
ple. ' The river,' he says, ' was called the river of the 
Chnuacoct country.' They landed and examined the little 
gardens of the inhabitants ; Champlain and De Monts were 



EARLY VOYAGES AND DISCOVERIES. 



13 



interested in the culture of maize. ' They plant,' says the 
narrative, ' in gardens, sowing three or four grains in one 
spot, and then with the shell of the " si^iioc" they gather 
a little earth around it : three feet from that they sow again, 
and so on.' 

" We can scarcely improve, even now, on this method of 
planting that wonderful grain which Chainplain calls ' wheat 
of India,' and we Indian corn. A word may he in place 
with reference to the singular agricultural implement used 
by the natives. Champlain says it was the shell of the 
signuc, a remarkable fish, to which, later on, he gives some 
pages of description. It was simply the curious shell of 
the horseshoe crab, and those who are familiar with it can 
readily understand how serviceable it may have been in 
their simpler gardening operations. Champlain made a 
chart of this harbor, giving all the prominent features of 
the coast and river line, with .soundings, just as he had 
conscientiously done before at the Kennebec, at St. Croix, 
on the shore of the Bay of Fundy, and Nova Scotia. These 
were all studies for the maps which, as royal geographer, 
it was his special mission to prepare. 

"On the 12th of the month, or probably on the 11th, 
because he says it was on Sunday and Sunday was on the 
11th, the little band left ' Choiuicoel.' They made some 
twenty miles to the westward, but contrary winds compelled 
them to anchor ; on the mainland where they went ashore 
were meadow-lands of great extent, but only two natives 
were seen, who fled at their approach. They saw great 
quantities of starlings, whose song, like the blackbirds of 
their own country, doubtless brought many thoughts of 
France; and there were wild grapes also, and walnuts, and 
luxuriant verdure. The coast, he says, was sandy, as in- 
deed it had been since they left the Kennebec. The head- 
wind continuing, they retraced their route some six miles, 
and anchored at the harbor at Cape Porpoise, which Cham- 
plain calls ' l^oit mix Isles,' on account of the three islands 
which furnish shelter there. But his observing eye had 
noticed the entrance of the Kenncbunk River, and he gives 
also a very correct description of this harbor, with such 
sailing directions as would make the passage easy to any 
navigator who might follow him. His computation of the 
latitude of this point is correct to within five one hundredths 
of a degree. It was not until the 15th of the month that 
they were able to proceed upon their journey. By the long 
sea beaches of Wells and York and Hampton they coasted, 
but with no inducement to seek a harbor ; and so as the sun 
was setting they steered to the southward, passed the Mer- 
rimac and its surrounding marshes, which in the dim 
twilight seemed like a great bay, caught a glimpse in the 
east of the Isles of Shoals, and at last anchored, under the 
shelter of Cape Ann, to await the day. 

'' We have no immediate interest in their explorations to 
the southward ; it is interesting to know that they cro.sscd 
Maissachusetts Bay, entered on the 18th of the month the 
harbor in which, fifteen years later, the Pilgrim Fathers 
found their home, rounded the sandy promontory of Cape 
Cod, and terminated their southward journey at what is now 
Nanset. Evidently no knowledge of Gosnold's expedition 
had reached our adventurers, for Champlain gives his own 
names to the places he visited, and to Cape Cod gives the 



more appropriate designation of Cap Blanc, the White 
Cape. 

" On the 25th of July, Do Monts, finding his stores 
rapidly diminishing, decided to return to St. Croix. On 
his return he stopped again at Chotiacoet and here had an 
interview with ' Marchhu,' the Sagamo of Casco Bay, 
' who,' says Champlain, ' had the reputation of being one 
of the bravest mer> of his country, and he had a fine man- 
ner, and all his gestures and movements were grave and 
dignified, savage though he was.' They gave him pres- 
ents, and he in return gave them a young Etcchemin from 
the eastward, an Indian boy whom he had made prisoner 
in some foray. From the Saco they proceeded to the Ken- 
nebec, arriving there on the 29th of July. Here they had 
an interview with a chieftain named Amtssoii. 

" Again we (|uotc from Champlain : 

" ' He told us there was a vessel six leagues from the harbor which 
had been engage I in fishing, and tlie people on board had killed five 
savages of this river, under the pretense of friendship, and according- 
to his description we judge them to be English, and named the island 
where they were " Le Nef," because at a distance it had that appear- 

" (That is, it looked like the hull of a ship.) This was 
Monhegan, and in these few lines are the only allusions by 
Champlain to contemporary English discoveries on the coast. 
The vessel was the ' Archangel,' under George Weymouth. 

"From the Kennebec our adventurers steered fur ^ Isle 
Ilaiilc,' arriving on the last of July, where they anchored 
awaiting the dawn. August 1st they proceeded to Cap 
Curneille, where they passed the night ; on the 2d they 
arrived at the old plantation at St. Croix, where they found 
a vessel with supplies from France. 

" With reference to this second voyage of Champlain, a 
few points are to be noticed. The previous discoveries were 
passed by without further investigations ; the part}' did not 
even enter Penobscot Bay, but the exploration of the Sheep- 
scot and Kennebec was thorough. 

" The Indians were in the interior, and while they ap- 
peared to have had some knowledge of P]uropeans, it was 
not of such a character as to warrant an opinion that, within 
their memory, there had been any white settlements on the 
coast. ClioiMcoet was the most important point discovered, 
and here appears to have been the only .settlement of the 
aborigines which had a permanent character. 

" Dissatisfied, both with his settlements at St. Croix, and 
his discoveries to the south and west along the coast, De 
Monts now determined to transplant his colony to Port 
Royal. He himself returned to France. But Champlain 
could not leave his work unfinished; he decided to remain, 
and his simple, modest narrative gives us a vivid picture 
of the preparations made for the ensuing winter. His hope, 
as he says, was to make new discoveries in the direction of 
Florida. 

"On the 1st of March, IGOG, the Sieur du Font-Grave 
fitted out a vessel of about eighteen tons. Ou the 16th, 
all being ready, they set sail, but were obliged to seek a 
harbor on an island to the south of Grand Menan. On 
the following day they made some fifty miles to the west- 
ward, probably near Mount Desert, but a severe storm so 
bufieted them that, in the little harbor where they had an- 



14 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



cliorcd, they were driven ashore. After repairinj!; the fiail 
bark they returned to Port Royal. On the 29th of April 
they made another attempt, only to meet with fresh disas- 
tcr.-i, for, at the entranee to I'ort Royal, they were a^ain 
cast ashore, losing their vessel, and running imminent risk 
of their live.s. 

" Disheartened at these disasters, and the non-appearance 
of the vessels which were expected with supplies, Du Pont 
decided to return to France, and, on the lG;h of July, they 
abandoned Port Royal, leaving two men who iiad bravely 
volunteered to remain and guard the property which was 
left behind. After having rounded Cape Sable, however, 
they were gladdened by the sight of a shallop, in which 
was Sicur Ralleau, secretary of De Monts. lie announcod 
the arrival of the ' Jonas,' a vessel bringing new accessions, 
under the command of Poutrincourt, to the colony, among 
others the versatile advocate Loscarbot, the future histoiian 
of New France. So they gladly retraced their steps, and, 
on the 3 1st of July, arrived once more at Port Riyal. The 
new-comers set to work with commendable vigor, and the 
story of their daily avocations, as narrated by Lescarbot, is 
exceedingly entertaining; but with this our limits will not 
permit us to dwell. Du Pont decided to return to France 
and take with him all the company who p.assed with him 
the previous winter, with a few exceptions. Among these 
Cliamplain, who s.iys, ' I remained also, with the Sieur de 
Poutrincourt, intending, by the grace of God, to finish and 
perfect the chart which I had commenced of the country 
and the coast.' 

" After one ineffectual attempt, the party left Port Royal 
on the 5th of September, 160G. On the 7th they anchored 
in the St. Croix ; on the 8th they visited, in a small boat, 
the island where De Monts hud spent the dreary winter of 
1U04-5. They found some traces of the gardens, still bear- 
ing some of the pot-herbs planted so long before, and some 
grain selfsown, and in excellent condition. Returning to 
their vessel, they coasted to the westward, to proceed directly 
to the extrciue limit of the discoveries of the preceding year; 
so to lose no time, on the 12th they turned towards Choua- 
coet, and reached the river on the 21st. Lescarbot i;ives 
some details of this nine days' voyage. 

" They were four days in reaching Penobscot Bay, hav- 
ing stopped en route to repair their little craft,. Passing 
through the Fox Islands, they reached the mouth of the 
Kennebec, where they were again in peril on account of the 
' great currents which are peculiar to the place.' It would 
ajipcar also from Lescarbot that the party landed at Cape 
Kiizabeth before reaching Saco, but upon this point there is 
some doubt. Champlain adds that the Indians at Choua- 
coet had finished their harvest, and that he did not fail to 
taste the grapes on the island of Bacchus, which were ripe 
and quite good. From this point they made Cape Ann, 
and so to the southward ; but the voyage was without fruit. 
In a conflict with the natives they lost several of their com- 
pany. On the 28lh of October they set sail from Mala- 
barre for the Isle Haute. On the 31st, between Mount 
Desert and the month of the Machi;us, they lost their rud- 
der, and were in imminent peril. With much ingenuity 
they succeeded in reaching a harbor, but not until the Ulh 
of November, after many dangers and disasters, did they 



reach Port Royal. Of their enthusiastic reception, the 
feasting and masquerading which followed, the long winter 
enlivened by Lesearbot's wit, and the bonhommie of their 
versatile and vivacious nation, our limits will not permit us 
to give any description. For the purpose of this hasty in- 
vestigation we have nothing to do with the future of the 
colony. So far as we know, the three voyages of Cham- 
plain are the first thoroughly intelligible contribution to the 
cartography of Maine." 

A few remarks respecting the earliest French settlements 
on this coast will close the present chapter. On the 8th 
of November, 1()03, Dj Monts received of Henry IV. of 
France, the charter under which the settlement at Port 
Royal, already referred to, was made. The charter of Aca- 
dia embraced all the country from the fortieth to the forty- 
sixth degrees of north latitude, although the territory was 
never practically claimed farther west than the Kennebec. 
De Monts having obtained a commission as Lieutenant- 
General of France, in 1601, fitted out the expedition of 
which wo have already given an account in connection with 
the operations of Champlain. He sailed to the mouth of 
the St. Croix, where the company .spent one winter, and 
then proceeded to establish a colony on the other side of 
the Bay of Fundy, at a place called by them Port Royal, 
now Annapolis, Nova Scotia. From this place the Jesuit 
mission was established on one of the coast islands of Maine, 
called Mount Desert. 

De Monts having retired from the colony at Port Royal, 
Poutrincourt, one of his companions, assumed command, 
and in 1008 sent Biencourt, his son, to France for supplies 
of men and provisions for the colony. Two Jesuit priests, 
Biard and Mosse, returned with the expedition to take 
charge of the spiritual interests of the plantation, and to 
extend their missionary labors among the Indians. Soon 
their ambition to rule also the civil affairs of the colony 
manifested itself, and a quarrel arose between them and the 
government. Biencourt, in the ab.sence of his father in 
France, cau.sed the priests to remove to IMount Desert, 
where they established a mission and erected a fort called 
St. Sauveur.* Here they planted gardens, laid out 
grounds, and entered with zeal upon the work of their 
mission ; but they were not permitted long to enjoy this 
state of seclusion. The occupation of Port Royal, St. 
Croix, and Mount Desert, with a small post at the mouth 
of the Penobscot, the garrisoning of these posts, and the 
disposition of the French to extend their settlements still 
farther to the west, aroused the alarm of the government 
establi-shed by the first English settlers in Virginia, and, in 
1013, they sent Capt. Argall to di.slodge the French. la 
the summer of that year he seized the forts at Mount 
Desert, St. Croix, and Port Royal, and carried their ship 
and pinnace, together with their ordnance, cattle, and pro- 
visions, to Jamestown. The French power in this quarter 
was thus interrupted, and it was a number of years before 
it recovered from this disaster. The conflicting claims 
growing out of the respective French and English charters 
were never finally settled till the downfall of Canada, nearly 
a hundred and fifty years later. 



• Sulliviin, |i. Ijfi. Hulc'rnson, x.xiii., p. 3. 



EXPLORATIONS AND TEMPORARY SETTLEMENTS. 



15 



The English occupied the country exclusively as far east 
as the Kennebec, and the French, except when dispossessed 
by treaty or actual force, had exclusive occupation as far 
west as the Penobscot. The country between these two 
rivers was debatable land, both parties continually claiming 
it, and each occupying it by intervals. In the commission 
to the French Governor before the treaty of Utrecht in 
1713, Acadia is described as extending to the Kennebec, 
and the wiiole was then ceded to the English. But in the 
construction of that treaty, the French restricted the ter- 
ritory to Nova Scotia. 



CHAPTER IL 



EXPLORATIONS AND TEMPORABY SETTLE- 
MENTS BY THE ENGLISH. 

Penobscot and Casco Bays Discovered by Martin Pring — Voyage of 
Captain Wo^'raouth — Situation of Pentecost Harbor — Charter of 
King James I. — First New England Colony — Fort St. George — Cap- 
tain Sinitli — Sir Ferdinando Gorges — Various Trading and Fishing 
Voyages to Maine. 

Up to the beginning of the seventeenth century no at- 
tempt had been made by the English to plant a colony in 
North America. Exploring vessels had been sent out by 
the government, under the command of John and Sebastian 
Cabot, as early as 1498 and 1499, and had sailed along the 
nortlicrn coast of the United States, but nothing further 
was done in this direction for more than a centurv. In 
1G02, Gosnold sailed along the coast of Maine, and in 1003, 
Martin Pring discovered Penobscot and Casco Bays, and 
sailed six miles up the Saco River. The voyage of George 
Weymouth, in 1G()5, was the first attempt which had been 
made to sail due west from England to the coast of North 
America. His course brought him to Monhegan Island, 
eighteen miles from tlie main land at Boolhbay. lie an- 
chored three miles north of the island, which he named St. 
George, in honor of his patron saint, in a harbor wliich ho 
called Pentecost Harbor. The vessel in which he arrived 
vras named the " Archangel." He remained upon the coast 
for several weeks, proceeding in his pinnace sixty miles up 
a most excellent river, and carrying home with him five In- 
dians, whom he treacherously decoyed into his vessel, three 
of whom he gave to Sir Ferdinando Gorges, by whom one 
of them was sent back in 1607 with Capt. George Popham. 

James Rosier, an English gentleman, who accompanied 
Capt. Weymouth as chronicler, wrote a glowing account of 
the newly-discovered country in 1605, but omitted all 
names and observations of latitude and longitude, in order 
to prevent navigators of other nations from seeking the 
same spot. The consequence has been that the river has 
been guessed to be the Hudson, the James, the Saco, and 
more recently the Penobscot, the Kennebec, and the arm of 
the sea north of Monhegan, running up to South Thomas- 
ton, and known as the St. George. Capt. George Wey- 
niouth also discovered the fishing-banks, which are still 
known as the George's banks; and although his name has 
fiiiled to displace the olden Indian name of Monhegan, 
there is a strong presumption that the nameless river which 



he found may still wear, like the banks, the name of his 
patron saint. Dr. Belknap, the historian of New Hamp- 
shire, however, conjectured that Weymouth had ascended 
the Penob.scot River, and this opinion was generally fol- 
lowed, until the late John McKeen, of Brunswick, sug- 
gested that Rosier's description better fitted the Kcimebcc, 
and a few years later the Rev. David Cushman, of Warren, 
contended that the St. George River was intended. All 
these conjectures were set at rest by the publication, in 
1849, by the Hakluyt Society (and afterwards by the His- 
torical Societies of Maine and ^Massachusetts) of William 
Strachey's account of the Popham settlement, written not 
later than 1618, and preserved in manuscript in the British 
Museum. Strachey was the secretary of the Virginia Com- 
pany, and was in Virginia from IGIO until 1612. He says, 
in so many words, that Capt. Weymouth made a search 
" sixty miles up the most excellent and beneficyall river of 
the Sachadehoc," and that Weymouth's report was the occa- 
sion of the expedition under Capt. Popham in 1607, when 
an attempt was made to found a colony on the Sagadahoc. 
But the Sagadahoc is only another name for the waters of 
the Kennebec below Merrymeeting Bay, including the 
waters which flow out through the passage opposite to Bath 
into the Sheepscot, and the Shcep.scot itself, which may be 
regarded as one of the mouths of the Kennebec. 

The expedition of Capt. Weymouth, together with the 
active movements of the French at this period, served to 
awaken an interest in England, and in April, 1606, a 
charter was obtained from King James for the whole ex- 
tent of country lying between the thirty-fourth and forty- 
fourth degrees of north latitude. This large tract was divided 
between two companies ; the first, reaching to the forty- 
first degree of north latitude, was bestowed upon a London 
company, the founders of the settlement at Jamestown, 
Va. ; and the northern part was granted to a company of 
adventurers in tiie town of Plymouth. Under this charter 
the adventurers sent out colonies in 1607. With the 
colony destined for Virginia we have nothing to do in 
this connection. Tiie one from Plymouth, destined for the 
northern shores, consisted of two ships and one hundred 
men, under command of Capt. George Popham, as presi- 
dent, and Capt. Raleigh Gilbert, as adiuiral. They sailed 
from Plymouth on the 31st of Jlay, and arrived at Mon- 
he"-an, on {he coast of Maine, August 11th, and thence 
continued on to the Kennebec, where they planted them- 
selves on the west bank of the river, upon the peninsula 
now known as Hunnewell's Point, called by the Indians 
Sabino. This was the first English colony, not merely in 
Maine, but upon the whole New England coast. Here 
they erected Fort St. George, on the site of which the 
United States government has built a fort called Fort 
Popham, in honor of the first governor or president of the 
colony.* 

Although the ample preparations and other circum- 
stances attending the expedition show that the adven- 
turers intended to make a permanent settlement, yet a suc- 
cession of peculiarly unfavorable circumstances terminated 

* In August, 1862, the Maine Historical Society, and a very hirge 
concourse of people, assembled here to celebrate the two hundred and 
lifty-fifth anniversary of the planting of the coiony. 



16 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



the hopt's ;iiid existence of the colony in one j'car from its 
coniineiKrnient. Tiiey retired from the contest witli savage 
and inliospitiible nature with strong prejudices against the 
country, feeling, as Sniitii has said, tinit it was a "cold, 
barren, rocky, mountainous desert." Prince says that 
" tliey branded the country as over cold, and not habitable 
by our natives." " The colony," says Willis, " arrived late 
in the season, and had but little time to make tho.se prep- 
arations wliicli Were necessary to protect them from the 
severities of our climate in an inhospitable wilderness." 

From this time, for several years, little was done on the 
con.st of Maine e-xccpt fishing and trading with the natives. 
The two principal actors in this enterprise were Sir Francis 
I'opham and Sir Ferdinando Gorges, the latter, as a future 
ruler and promoter of colonization, destined to play a 
very important part in the affairs of the colony. In 1G14 
an expedition was fitted out by these gentlemen, under com- 
mand of Caj)t. John Smith, '• to take whales, and also to 
make trial of mines of gold and copper." If these failed, 
" fish and furs were then to be their refuge."* Smith 
adds, '• We found this whale-fishing to be a costly conclu- 
sion ; we saw many and spent much time in chasing them, 
but could not kill any, they being a kind oi jtihartea, and 
not the whale that yields fins and oil, as we expected." 
They were also disappointed in the mines, and he thinks the 
representation was " rather the device of the master to get 
a voyage than any knowledge he had of any such matter." 
During this voyage Captain Smith left his vessel, and with 
eight men in a boat traversed the whole coast from Penob- 
scot to Cape Cod. He describes Casco Bay as follows : 
" Westward of Kennebeke is the county of Aiwocisco, in 
the bottom of a large, deep bay, full of many great isles, 
which divide it into many great harbors."f 

In 1G15, Capt. Smith was again employed by Gorges 
and others to visit New England, with a view of beginning 
a setllement there. For this purpose he was furnished with 
two ships, and a company of sixteen men to leave in the 
country. He was driven back to port in a violent storm, 
whicli carried away his masts. On the second attempt he 
was captured by the French. It does not appear that this 
celebrated adventurer ever came to America after It) 14. 
He published his description of New England in Jiondon, 
in llilG, and died in that city in IGol.t 

Every year after this vessels were sent to the coast to 
trade with the natives and to fish, many of which made 
profitable voyages. In 1G15, Sir llichard Hawkins sailed 
from England with a commission from the Council of 
Plymouth^ to do what service he could for them in New 
England, but on his arrival here he found a destructive war 
prevailing among the natives, and he passed along the coast 
to Virginia. II 

In IGIG foursnij)s from Plymouth and two from London 
made successful voyages and obtained full cargoes of fish, 

* 8iiiilli> New Kngland, |i. 175. 

t Till' »niiic nniiiv in Kivcii (o Ilii8 biiv l.y .locclyn, and llii- natives 
nbcmt il arc called the ^1 i(co<:/,c.,<-, by Uoig,« in liis AmciicJV I'ainteil 
tu the Life, |i. 4.1. 

i Willis- Ilijtory of Portlnnd. 

J Thin cniincil cimiiielcd of thirteen nieinbcr!<, n|.|.iiin(cJ by the king, 
f.ir the iiion.igement of Ihc cuni|iiiny. 
I'rincc, ii. 4.'! ; qiiuted by Willis. 



which they carried to England and Spain. Sir F. Gorges 
also, the same year, sent out a ship under the charge of 
llichard Vines, who afterwards became prominent in the 
early history of Maine. He passed the winter at the mouth 
of Saco River, from which circumstance the place received 
the name of Winter Harbor, which it still bears. 

In 1G18, Capt. Edward Rocroft was sent by Gorges in a 
ship of two hundred tons to fish upon the coast. He cap- 
tured a French brig lying in one of the harbors, sent her 
crew in his own ship to England, and retained the brig with 
a view to winter here, but .some of his men conspiring to 
kill him and run away with the prize, he put them on shore 
at Sawguatock (Saco), and in December sailed for Virginia. 
The men who were thus left succeeded in getting to Mon- 
hegan Island, where they spent the winter, and were re- 
lieved in the spring by Capt. Desmer, in another of Gorges' 
ships. It is probable that at this time buildings or tem- 
porary shelters had been erected upon the island, as it had 
become a convenient resort for fishermen. 



CHAPTER III. 

ABORIGINAL INHABITANTS. 

Tribal Divisions — Abcnaqiies — Etechemins — Sokolii.? — Canibns — An- 
asagunticooks — Migration of the Tribes Eastward — Tarratines — 
Vincent de St. Castine- — Tabular Statement of Indians in Maine — 
Noted Chiefs and Sachems. 

The Indians who inhabited this portion of Maine at the 
time of the advent of the first Europeans were undoubtedly 
all of one race or tribe, — the Aheiiriqiws, or " Men of the 
East." Farther to the eastward there dwelt the Eteche- 
mins, or " Eastland People," who were a tribe, or rather a 
number of tribes, belonging originally to the same general 
family. Williamson says, " They were all, without doubt, 
descendants of the same original stock, and for an unknown 
period after the discovery of America the tribes were prob- 
ably members of the same political family, differing little in 
language, looks, habits, or ideas of con federative union." It 
would appear from the testimony of Capt. Francis, of the 
Peiiohscot tribe, who is admitted to have been excellent 
authority on the subject, that the migration of the tribes was 
ea.stward from the Saco River, where the oldest of them had 
their ancient .seat. He assured Mr. Williamson that all the 
tribes between the Saco and the St.' John, both inclusive, 
were brothers ; that the oldest lived on the Saco ; that each 
tribe was younger as we pass eastward, like the sons of the 
same father; though the one at Passama(juoddy was the 
youngest of all, proceeding from those upon the rivers St. 
John and Penobscot. " Always," he .says, " I could under- 
stand the.sc brothers very well when they speak ; but when 
the Miclcnidcks or the A/yoiiqiiiiis, or Canada Indians speak, 
I cannot tell all what they say.^ 

The Aliiiiaqiies were divided into four tribes, viz. : the 
Sukokis, or Sdcaes, sometimes called SnckhigiJiicx, who lived 
on the Saco River; the Aiidsayniillciolci, who held dominion 
upon the Androscoggin ; the Otnibas, or Keiiabes, who had 

% Drake's Book of the Indians, iii., page 17.1. 



AliOEIGINAL INHABITANTS. 



17 



their villages upon the Kennebec; and the Wawenncks, 
who inhabited the country eastward of Kennebec to and 
including!; the river St. George. 

Tiie Sokfikis, or Snco Indians, were a numerous people 
till the first Indian war. The immediate residence of their 
sagamores was upon Indian Island, just above the lower 
falls. Two of them, Fluellen and Capt. Sunday, conveyed 
lands, but when their successor, Squando, died, the glory 
seemed to depart from the tribe, and it gradually wasted 
away. In 1G15 there were two branches of the tribe and 
two principal villages. One was within the great bend of 
the river, at Pegwacket, or Fryeburgh ; the other fifteen 
or twenty miles below, on the banks of the Great Ossipee. 
Here, before King Philip's war, they employed English 
engineers and carpenters, and built a strong fort of timber, 
fourteen feet in height, with bastions, intending it as a pro- 
tection against the Mohawks* The Mohawks and their 
associates of the Five Nations were at this time a terror to 
all the tribes of New England as far east as the Kennebec 
liiver. They had carried their conquests into Canada, sub- 
jugating the once powerful nation of the Iliiroiis; had 
conquered and placed under tribute the tribes on Long 
Island and on the Connecticut ; had subdued the Eines and 
Neutral Nation in Western New York, driven the Adiion- 
(hies from their strongholds across the St. Lawrence, con- 
(|uered the Audastes of the Susquehanna, the Delawares 
on the bay and river of that name, and had carried their 
victorious arms into the valleys of the Ohio and the Missis- 
sippi. Smith, in his " History of New York," says that 
all the surrounding tribes had been conquered by them, and 
that they acknowledged their subjection by paying them 
tribute. The Five Nations were enemies of the French 
and allies of the English, and were a very important factor 
iu determining which nation should hold permanent pos- 
session in North America. 

There is one instance related in the history of New 
Hampshire in which the powerful aid of the Mohmoks was 
invoked against the French Indians from Penobscot, the 
Tdrrali'iies, who wore pushing their depredations as far 
west as the settlements in that region. In 1G77 two 
messengers, Majs. Pinchon and Richards, were sent to the 
country of the Mohawks to secure their aid in driving out 
the Tarratliies. They were kindly received, and promised 
to render the assistance sought. Accordingly, some parties 
of them came down the country about the middle of March, 
and the first ahum was given at Amoskeag Falls, where the 
son of Wonnolancet, being hunting, discovered fifteen In- 
dians on the other side, who called to him in a language he 
did not understand ; upon which he fled, and they fired 
nearly thirty shots at him without effect. Presently they 
were discovered in a woods near Cochecho. Maj. Waldron 
sent out eight of his Indians, whereof Blind Will was one, 
to make further discoveries. They were all surprised to- 
gether by a company of Mohuwks; two or three escaped, 
the others being all killed or taken priijoners. ' Will was 
dragged away by his hair, and, being wounded, perished 
in the woods on a neck of land formed by the confluence 
of Cochecho and Isinglass Rivers, which still bears the 



' See La Iloutan ; Gorgc.=, p. 83; Hubbard's Indim Wars, p. 3S9. 

3 



name of Blind Will's Nock.f This was evidently a mis- 
take on the part of the Molinwks, supposing that the friendly 
Indians sent out by Maj. Waldron, for purpo.scs merely of 
inspection, were a band of the enemy. Blind Will had 
been a brave ally of the English in King Philip's war. 

No people ever defended their native country with more 
valor and obstinacy than did the Sokokt's tlieirs, especially 
in Livell's war. A number of them, relinquishing the 
French interest in 17-1-t for the ranks of the English, at 
the siege of Louisbourg distinguished themselves among 
the bravest soldiers. Afterwards they could muster only 
about a dozen fighting men, and before the capture of 
Quebec the tribe had become e.^ctinct.J 

The Amisngiintlco'/ks, or Amdniscogiiis, as they are 
called by Mather, Hubbard, and some others, were origi- 
nally a numerous and powerful tribe, inhabiting the coun- 
try upon the waters of the Androscoggin, from its source 
to Merrymeeting Bay, and on the west side of the Ken- 
nebec to the sea. At Pejepscot, or Brunswick Falls, 
they had their usual encampments or place of resort. This 
was one of the great trails or passes between the eastern 
and western tribes, where the savages met in council to 
plan expeditions against the English. § 

The AiHisagiuiticooks were a warlike people. A short 
distance above the Great Falls they had a fort, which was 
destroyed by the English in 1690. " No tribe," says Wil- 
liamson, " was less interrupted in their fi.shing and fowling, 
and yet none were more uniformly and bitterly hostile to- 
wards the colonists." There were two reasons for this : 
the first was that the early European explorers, particularly 
the Portuguese and the English, had been treacherous 
towards them, decoying them into their vessels and kidnap- 
ping their chief men of rank, and taking them away to 
foreign countries ;|| and in the second place they were 
under the influence of the French, who taught them to 
hate and distrust the English. The venal and mercenary 
character of some of the early traders also destroyed their 
confidence, and they wreaked their first revenge upon those 
of that class nearest to them. At the first sound of Philip's 
war they fell upon the plantation of Thomas Purchase, the 
original settler, killed his cattle, and carried away most of 
his effects. Tarumkin, Worunibo, and Hagkins, their sag- 
amores, were brave men, but the tribe wasted away during 
the wars, and in 1744 they were able to muster only one 
hundred and sixty fighting men. Warumbo and five other 
sagamores sold the land.s between Sagadahoc and Maquoit, 
to the sea and the islands, July 7, 1G83.^ These Indians 
were the earliest whom the French drew off to the St. 
Fiatifois settlement in Canada. 

f Belknap's History of New Hampshire, i. 125. 

J Jliissiichuselts Letter-Book, p. 114; Douglas, p. loS. 

J.Sullivan, p. 178. 

1[ Casper Cortereal, the I'ortugueso navigator, in 1300, enticed fifty- 
seven of the n;itivcs (men and boys) on board his ship, and luring 
them below deck, closed the hutehways upon them, and carried them 
off to sell them as slaves iu Spain. 

Weymouth, the captain of the " Archangel," in 1B03, kidnapped in 
a similar manner five natives, all nun of rank, and took them, with 
their canoes, bows, and arrows, to England. One of theui, Squantum, 
after his return, was the first Indian who visited the Pilgrims on their 
arrival at Plymouth. Sec Life of Miles .St^mdish. 

f Kennebec Claims, p. 7. 



18 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



When tlic Revolution coiiiuicnced, tlicrc were only about 
forty of the tribe, wlio made the shores, tlic ponds, and tlie 
ishinds of tlie Androscoir;.;in their prineipal home. Piiilip 
Will, who afterwards became a chief of this tribe, was in 
the siejjc of Louisbour'' at the aj^e of fourteen, and was 
taken prisoner by tlio Frencli. Remaining witii tlic rem- 
nant of his tribe, he was brought up in the family of Mr. 
Crocker, where he was taught to read and write the Eng- 
lish language, and arithmetic. He was six feet three inches 
in height and well proportioned. Tiie tribe made him chief, 
and for many 3'ears he was instrumental in preventing their 
utter extinction.* 

The I'ljrpscol Indians were, in all probability, a sub-tribe 
of the AiKisiijiiiiticoo/cs. They had customary places of 
resort, if not permanent jilaces of residence, at the Bruns- 
wick Falls, at Maquoit, and at Mare Point. It is now con- 
sidered probable, from the remains and relics found there, 
that the latter was the place of one of their villages in the 
si.xteenth century. The plague which broke out among 
them about the year 1(115 or lOltJ so reduced them that, 
in the latter year, they numbered only fifteen hundred war- 
riors. They were still further reduced in number by war- 
fare and other causes, so that there were, according to one 
authority, on Nov. 24, 172(;, only five Indians in the tribe 
over sixteen years of age. John Hegon was their sachem 
at this time. Twenty-five years later there were one hun- 
dred and sixty warriors in the tribe. This was a large 
increase, but yet it shows how weak the tribe had become. 

The settlement of the region occupied by this tribe, sub- 
sequent to the time of King Philip's war, presents contin- 
ual .scenes of carnage and destruction, midnight massacres 
and conflagrations, until the tribe itself became extinct. 

The language of the Abenaki nation has been carefully 
studied by many competent students, but the difficulties in 
the way of thoroughly understanding the difl^erent dialects 
are so great that much uncertainty still exists, both as to 
the correct pronunciation and derivation, and also as to the 
meaning of very many of the names formerly applied to 
localities. 

The Cauihas had their residence on the Kennebec River, 
where, Hubbard says, "were great numbers of tbcm when 
the river was first discovered." The tribe consisted of two 
or three branches ; for while Monquine, Kennebis, Abba- 
gadussett, between 1048 and 16(15, in the capacity of chief 
cagamores, conveyed to the English all tlie lands (ten miles 
in width) on each side of the river from gwan Island to 
Wcssarunsctt River, Elderumkon, another sagamore, made 
conyeyances on Steven's and Muddy Rivers in 1G70; and 
Essemcnosque certified in 1(153 that the region of Teconnet 
belonged to him and the wife of Watchogo. The principal 
residence of Kennebis, the head-chief, and of his predeces- 
sors of the same rank and title, was on Swan Island, in a 
most delightful situation, and that of Abbagadussett be- 
tween a river of his name and the Kennebec, on the north-' 
em borders of Merrymeeting Bay. The territories which 
the tribe claimed extended from the sources of the Kenne- 
bec to Merrymeeting Bay, and included the islands on the 
eastern side of the Sagadahoc to the sea. 



' llutchinton, p. 266. 



While Jeffreys, Charlevoix, La Houtan, and others call 
this tribe the Cmiiljcis, the name of " Nurrhlgncoclcs" is 
given them by Mather, Douglass, and most modern Eng- 
lish writers, — evidently from the name of their famous vil- 
lage. This was the residence of the French missionaries, who 
early taught the tribe the forms of worship and doctrines 
of the Roman Catholic religion. The derivation of the 
name Norridgewock has been given as follows: " ' Norridge' 
(falls), and ' wock' (smoolh iva/et'), i.e., little falls and 
intervals of smooth water above and below. 'f This old 
village of the Indians was a very pleasant site opposite the 
mouth of Sandy River. It was the general and almost the 
only resort of the tribe immediately after their ranks be- 
came thinned, and a spot consecrated to them by every 
sacred and endearing association. 

The WiiwenocJis inhabited the country east of the Ken- 
nebec to and including the St. George River. Capt. Smith, 
while in the harbor of the latter river, in 1608, was urged 
by the natives to pay court to the great Bashaba, the ruling 
prince or superior chief The early colonists also, at the 
mouth of the Kennebec, were urged by the natives to pay 
their respects to this great chief Moxus, Wegunganet, 
Wivourua, and succeeding sagamores sold lands to the 
English at Woolwich, Damariscotta, and other places in 
that (piartcr. 

The habitation of the Bashaba was near Pemaquid. But 
subsequent to his death the principal headquarters of the 
tribe was on the westerly side of the Sheepscot River, near 
the lower falls. From this circumstance Hubbard speaks 
of them as the " Sheepscot Indians." 

Broken and wasted by the disasters of the great w.ir in 
which the Bashaba was slain, they were never afterwards 
cither powerful or numerous. In 1747 there were only two 
or three families of them remaining, and in a few years 
afler all of them were induced by the French to join the 
St. Fran9ois settleiuent in Canada. They were a brave, 
active people. Capt. Francis said the name WaicoiocJis 
signifies "vert/ brave, fearing iiothlng." According to 
Capt. Smith they were strong, beautiful, and very witty. 
The men had a perfect constitution of body ; were of comely 
proportion and quite athletic. They would row their canoes 
faster, he says, with five paddles than his own men could 
their boats with eight oars. They had no beards, he says, 
and thought ours counterfeits. Their women, though of 
lower stature, were fleshy and well formed, — all habited in 
skins, like the men. This tribe was always in alliance with 
the Canibas, unchanging in peace and in war, and appear 
in this character till their last treaty with the English. 

The other division of the aboriginal people of Maine, — 
the Efccheittiiis, — inhabiting the eastern portion of the 
State, we can only briefly mention. The geographical ter- 
ritory of the tribes of this division is placed by Heriuon 
Moll, upon his map of the English Empire in Americji, 
along the banks and at the heads of the rivers Penobscot 
and St. John, Citstwardly to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and 
southwardly to the Bay of Pundy. The charter of Nova 
Scotia to Sir William Alexander, 1620, mentions the Bay 
of Fundy as dividing " the Elecliemins on the north from 



t C»pt. Francis, quoted by Williamson, i. 467. 



ABORIGLNAL INHABITANTS. 



19 



the Soiiriqiiois, or MickmacJcs, on the south." This great 
tribe, or nation, of Indians was divided into the Tarratines, 
the native inhabitants of tlie Penobscot ; the Opeiutgos, or 
Qiioihli/, Indians, who had their residence on the Sciioodic 
and Passamaquoddy Bay ; and the Marcchiles, who inhab- 
ited the great River St. John, called by them the Ouy- 
gondy. 

Of the Tarratines, Williamson says, " They were a 
numerous, powerful, and warlike people, more hardy and 
bravo than their western enemies, whom they often plun- 
dered and killed." According to Hubbard and Prince, 
they kept the sagamores, between the Piseataqua and the 
Mystic, in perpetual fear. After the conquest and glory 
achieved in their battles with the Bashaba and his allies, 
they were not, like their enemies, wasted by disease and 
famine. They retained their valor, animated by success 
and strengthened by an early use and supply of firearms, 
with which they were furnished by the French. Less dis- 
turbed than the western tribes in the enjoyment of their 
possessions, and also more discreet, they were always re- 
luctant to plunge into hostilities against the KnglLsh, and 
hence were neutral, and were even supplied with provisions 
by Massachusetts during the first Indian war.* 

The most notable fact in the history of these Indians 
was the settlement among them of the Baron Vincent de 
St. Castine, who married four or five wives of their nation, 
one the daughter of Madokawando, chief sagamore of the 
tribe. Born at Oleron, a province in France, Castine ac- 
quired an early taste for adventure. He was of noble birth, 
well educated, and of good abilities, all of which obtained 
for him an appointment of colonel in the King's Body- 
Guard, from which ofiice he was transferred to the command 
of a regiment called the " Corignan Salieres." Afterwards, 
through the influence of the Governor-General, the baron 
and his troops were transferred to Canada. At the close of 
the war the regiment was disbanded, and ho himself dis- 
charged from the service. Taking umbrage probably at 
the treatment he received, and actuated by motives never 
fully divulged, as Li Houtau says, " he threw himself upon 
the savages." 

His settled abode was on the peninsula where D'Aulney 
had resided, and where he found means to construct a com- 
modious house for trade and habitation. He was a liberal 
Catholic, though devout and punctilious in his religious 
observances, having usually in his train several Jesuit mis- 
sionaries. He learned to speak with ease the Indian dialect ; 
he supplied the Indians with firearms, and taught them the 
art of war ; he traded with them, made them presents, and, 
being a man of fascinating manners and address, he soon 
gained a complete ascendency over the whole tribe. lie 
lived in the country about thirty years, and, as Abbe Iley- 
nal says, " conformed himself in all respects to the maimers 
and customs of the natives." Castine had several daughters, 
to whom " he gave liberal portions and married handsomely 
to Frenchmen, and one son, ' Castine -the younger,' who was 
a man of distinction and excellent character. 

" The Governors of New England and of Canada, ap- 
prised of his influence, wealth, and military knowledge, 

* i Mas8.vchuse:ts Records, pp. 50, (')6. 



were, for obvious reasons, the courtiers of his friendship 
and favor.'""!" 

NOTED CHIEFS AND SACHEMS. 

Madokawando, the great chief of the Penobscot tribe, 
was the adopted son of a chief called Assiminasqua. " lie 
was not an enemy, nor do we learn that his people had 
committed any depredations until after some English 
spoiled his corn and otherwise did him damage." J The 
English, seeing that a storm was gathering, sent agents to 
try to conciliate the Indians. The latter in the course of 
the interview said, " We were driven from our corn last 
year by the people about Kennebec, and many of us died. 
We had no powder and shot to kill venison and game with 
to prevent it. If you English were our friends, as you 
pretend you are, you would not suffer us to starve as we 
did." A council was agreed upon at Taconnet. Mugg 
was sent as a messenger to Squando, and divers Andros- 
coggin sachems had repaired to tlie place. On the arrival 
of the English they were honored with a salute, and con- 
ducted into the council-house. Madokawando presided 
over the negotiations; with him were associated Assimin- 
asqua, Tarumkin, Ilopehood, Mugg, and many attendants. 
Assiminasqua was the chief speaker, wiio said, "It is not 
our custom when messengers come to treat for peace to 
seize upon their persons, as sometimes the Moliawlcs do ; 
yea, as the English have done, seizing upon fourteen 
Indians, our men, who went to treat with you, — setting a 
guard over them and taking away their guns. This is not 
all, but a second time you required our guns, and demanded 
us to come down unto you, or else you would kill us. This 
was the cause of our leaving both our fort and our corn, to 
our great loss." 

This speech caused great embarras.sment to the English, 
who could not but disapprove of the conduct complained of, 
and they told the Indians that the parties who did these 
things could not be punished, as they were beyond the reach 
of their jurisdiction. The Indians were not satisfied with 
this answer. In the afternoon Tarumkin was the orator. 
He said, "I have been to the westward, where I have found 
many Indians unwilling to make peace ; but for my own part 
I am willing," which he confirmed by taking the English by 
the hand, as did seven or eight of iiis men, among whom 
were Mugg and llobinhood's son. The English had now, 
as Ihejj supposed, got matters under good progress, but Ma- 



f Williamson gives the following table, showing the number of In- 
(liiin warriors in Maine in 1C15, or before they began to be reduced 
by wars with the whites : 
Aheiiaqiiea estimated thus, — 

Warriors. 

Sul.-ok!a "J"" 

Aiiamguiitkouku I aUO 

Crtiiibaa loUO 

Waweuoeks 11«« 

5,000 

Eicchemins thus, — 

T„rral!;e, 2400 

Oim<a,,m 1400 

,l/.,r«A,7« 2-'U0 

6.000 

Total 11.0110 

The who:e popnUi;i»n of In.lians at this time in Maine was csli- 
M.ated at Ihirty-seven thousand. 

X Drake, Book of the In li.ins, iii . p. 104. 



20 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



dokiiwanJo interposed : " Wluit arc wc to do for powder and 
sliot wlien our corn is fonsiinicd ? What sliali we do for a 
winter's snppi}- ? Must we perish, or must we abandon our 
country and fly to tlie Freiicii for protection?" The Eng- 
lish replied that (hey would do what they could with the 
Governor. " Sonic nii<;ht be allowed them for neces.sity." 
Madokawando added, " We have waited a great while al- 
ready, and now wc expect you will say y<:s or no." The 
English rejoined, " You say yourselves that many of the 
western Indians would not have peace, and therefore, if we 
sell you powder, and you give it to the western men, what 
do we but cut our otcii throals? It is not in our power, 
wilhoiit hiiic, if you should wait ten years, to let you have 
powder." Here, as might reasonably have been expected, 
ended the negotiation, and massacre and bloodshed soon 
after desolated that part of the country. The firmness of 
Madokawando in adhering to the interests, and what he 
conceived to be the undoubted rif/hls of his people, decided 
the fate of the English settlements. At the elo.se of the 
war of 1075, this sachem's people had among them about 
sixty Engli.sh captives. The historians of the war have all 
observed that his prisoners were remarkably well treated. 
A sister of this chief was taken prisoner by Major Waldron, 
at Pema(|uid, in 1677, the sachem himself being absent on 
a long hunting tour. Madokawando planned and carried 
into execution the expedition against York, which, early in 
the morning on the 5th of February, 16U2, laid the settle- 
ment in ashes, all except three or four garrisoned houses. 
About seventy-five of the inhabitants were killed and eighty 
taken prisoners. The wretched captives were hurried into 
the wilderness, and many of them died by the way. Rev. 
Shubael Dummer, the minister of the place, was one of the 
first victims; he was shot as he was mounting his horse at 
his own door. His wife was among the captives, and died in 
captivity. In this destruction of York some French were 
with Madokawando and his Indians, and it is believed that 
Baron Castine, his son-in-law, took part in the expedition. 

In November, 1091, Madokawando and other ea.stern 
chiefs had signed a treaty with the English, in which they 
had agreed to surrender the Engli.sh captives at Wells, 
in the spring. The time came, and the Indians were not 
there, being afraid, as was supposed, of the warlike appear- 
ance of the English. After waiting a while Capt. Converse 
surprised some of them and brought them in by force to 
the garrison at Storer's house, which he strengthened by 
the addition of thirty-six men. "These," says Mather, 
" were not come half an hour to Storer's house, on the 9th 
of June, 1091, nor had they got their Indian weed fairly 
lighted, and into their mouths, before fierce Moxus, with 
two hundred Indians, made an attack upon the garrison, 
but were repulsed, and soon drew off. Madokawando was 
not here in person, but when he knew of the disaster of 
his chief captain, he said, ' j% brother Moxus has missed 
it HOW, but I tci/l go niysvlf the next yetir, aud have the 
dnij. Converse, out of his liok:' " 

The old chief was as good as his word. lie appeared 
before the garrison, June 22, 1092. With him were 
Moxus, Egereniet, and Worumbo, and two French officers, 
Portncuf and Labrocre. Tlis men had incautiously alarmed 
the inl-abitants by firing upon sonic cattle they met in 



the woods, which, running in wounded, gave them timely 
notice to escape to the garri.son. Converse had but fifteen 
men on duty, but fortunately two sloops with about as 
many more had arrived the day before. Disappointed in 
their attempt to take the garrison, the Indians attacked the 
vessels, setting fire to one of them by means of fire-arrows, 
but it was extinguished, and with their ammunition spent 
and General Labrocre slain, they retired in the night after 
a two days' siege, leaving several of their dead behind. 
They took one Englishman, John Diamond, whom they 
tortured in a most barbarous manner. 

On the 9th of May, 1094, iMadokawando conveyed to 
Sir William I'hips the tract of land, on both sides of the 
St. George's River, bounded east by AVe.ssamesskek River, 
west by Ilatthetl's Cove Island, thence by a line to the 
upper falls of St. George's River ; also Mastomquoog and 
St. George's Islands. He died in 1098, and was succeeded 
by Wcnamowet. Before his death he had written to the 
Governor of Massachusetts to send a vessel to Sagadahoc 
with goods to redeem the captives. It was accordingly 
sent, and Atkinson, his wife, and about forty others were 
redeemed. 

In 1090, Tobias Oakman was taken by the Indians at 
Black Point, at which time he says he personally knew Eg- 
ereniet, who was then chief sachem of Kennebec ; Squando, 
who was then chief sachem of Saco; Moxus, who was then 
chief sachem of Norridgewock ; Sheepscot John, who was 
then chief sachem of Sheepscot ; and Orumby (Worumbo), 
who was then chief sachem of Pejepscot. 

Madokawando and Squando were the most powerful 
sachems with whom the early English colonists had to deal. 
They are described by Hubbard as " a strange kind of mor- 
alized savages ; grave and serious in their speech, and not 
without some show of a kind of religion. It is also said 
they pretend to have received some visions and revelations 
by which they have been commanded to worship the great 
God and not to work on the Lord's day." These notions 
are attributed to their intercourse with Catholic priests. 
These two celebrated persons held in their hands for a time 
the destinies of the eastein country. Mugg was the prime 
minister of the Penobscot sachem, an active and shrewd 
leader, but who, by his intimacy with English families, had 
worn off some of the ferocities of the savage character. 

Squando. — This chief, whom Mather calls " a strange, 
enthusiastical sagamore," was a sachem of the Sokokis or 
Stico tribe. Hubbard says he was " the chief actor, or, 
rather, the beginner" of the eastern war of 1075, and pro- 
ceeds to account for the origin of the hostility of Squando 
by attributing it to the rude and indiscreet act of some Eng- 
lish seamen, who either for mischief overset a canoe in 
which was Sijuando's wife and child, or to see if young 
Indians could swim naturally like animals of the brute cre- 
ation, as some had reported.* The child went to the bot- 
tom, but was saved from drowning by the mother diving 
down and bringing it nip. But " within a while after the 
said child died. The said Squando, father of the child, 
hath been so provoked thereat that he hath ever since set 



* " They cnii s iviin naturnllv, sn 
like a (Ing, i)n 1 not sprcNuIing tlui 

njrn, 142. 



under tile 

■■-J..crl,, 



• thront, 

,-, r.,v- 



ABORIGINAL INHABITANTS. 



21 



himself to do all the mischief he can to the English." 
Squando instigated the burning of Saco, Sept. 18, 1675. 
His fertile and ingenious mind, like that of the great 
Ottaxca chief, Pontiac, devised a fearful engine of de- 
struction, wherewith they intended to attack and demol- 
ish the garrison. " A noise of axes and other tools had 
been heard in the neighborhood of the saw-mill, and it was 
expected the Indians were preparing some engine with 
which to accomplish their object, and it proved true. A 
cart with four wheels had been constructed, and on one end 
they had erected a breastwork, while the body of the cart 
was filled with birch-bark, straw, powder, and such like in- 
flammable substances, for the ready consummation of their 
stratagem. The approach of this formidable m.ichine dis- 
mayed some of the English in the garrison, but they were 
encouraged by their ofiBcers to stand to their posts. As 
the enemy were forcing their engine towards the garrison 
one of the wheels stuck in a gutter, which caused them to 
swing round nearly broadside to the English, who, taking 
advantage of the situation, poured into their assailants a 
deadly fire, which soon scattered them, and the garrison 
was not further molested." 

Although Squando had been instrumental in the revolt- 
ing murder of the Wakely family at Casco, on the 12th of 
September, 1675, the young girl (eleven years old) who 
had been taken captive, and had passed through all the 
tribes from the Sokolcis to the Narragansetts, was restored 
by him to the English at Dover. Hubbard, referring to 
this act of Si|uando's, calls him a " strange mixture of mercy 
and cruelty," and Williamson observes that " his conduct 
exhibited at diiferent times such traits of cruelty and com- 
passion as rendered his character diificult to be portrayed." 
Hubbard, in one place, calls him "an enthusiastical, or, 
rather, diabolical, miscreant." Drake remarks, " His abil- 
ities in war had gained him this epithet."* 

Squidragusset was a sachem over a tribe on the Pre- 
sumpscot River, and a creek near the mouth of that river 
still bears his name. He and his company, in October, 
1631, killed Walter Bagnall, a trader, who was the first to 
establish himself upon Richmond Island, burnt his house, 
and plundered his property. He subsequently conveyed 
lands on the Presumpscot to the English. He had an 
associate by the name of Black Will, who was hanged for 
his part in the murder of Bagnall, by a company which had 
been fitted out in Massachu.setts to intercept a pirate on the 
coast, near Pemaquid. This was in 1633, on the return 
of the party to Richmond Island. 

Moxus was sometimes called Agamagus. When delegates 
were sent into the eastern country to make peace with the 
Indians, in 16!)9, his name stood first among the signers of 
the treaty."!" He concluded another treaty with Governor 
Dudley in 1702. The next year, in company with Wanun- 
gonet, Assacambuit, and a number of French, he invested 
Capt. March in the fort at Casco. After using every en- 
deavor to take it by assault, they had recourse to the fol- 
lowing stratagem : they began at the water's edge to 
undermine it by digging, but were prevented by the timely 

» B.Kik of the Imlian.", iii.. p. 101. 
t Miignolin, vii. 9i. 



arrival of an armed vessel under Capt. Southack. They had 
taken a ves.sel and a great (|uantity of plunder. About two 
hundred canoes were destroyed and the vessel retaken. 
Moxus was at Casco again in 1713, to treat with the Eng- 
lish, and at Georgetown, upon Arrosic Island, in 1717, 
where he was attended by seven other chiefs. 

Mugg was a chief among the Androsoggliis, and one of 
the most conspicuous actors in the war of 1675-76. An 
account of his capture of the garrison at Black Point (Scar- 
borough) will be found in another part of this history. 
This chief entertained ambitious plans for the conquest of 
the English. When Francis Card was a prisoner among 
his people ho told him that he " had found out the way to 
burn Boston," and laughed much about the English, say- 
ing " he would have all their vessels, fishing-islands, and 
whole country," and bragged about his great numbers. 
Drake says he was killed at Black Point, May 16, 1677, 
and quotes the "History of New England," as follows: 
" Lieut. Tippin, who commanded the garrison, made a suc- 
cessful shot upon an Indian that was observed to be very 
busy and bold in the assault, who at that time was deemed 
to bo Symon, the arch villain and incendiary of all the east- 
ward Indians, but proved to be one almost as good as liim- 
selt', who was called Mogg." 

This chief must not be confounded with Mogg, — generally 
known as Mogg Megone, — who was killed at the time of 
Rale's death (1724), and who belonged to the Saco Indians. 
Simon (or Symon, as the name is sometimes spelled) had 
his residence upon the Merrimac River, in the vicinity of 
Newbury, as late as 1677. He was associated with four 
others, Andrew, Peter, Godfrey, and Joseph, who were 
called " Chris/tan Iii<h'(ins." Simon and Andrew are called 
by Hubbard " the two brethren in iniquity." They were 
probably the worst of a gang whose atrocities blacken the 
page of the early Indian wars. They burnt the house of 
Edward Weymouth, at Sturgeon Creek, in April, 1677 ; 
they fell upon the house of Thomas Kimball, of Bradford, 
killed him, and carried ofi" his wife and five children into 
the wilderness. They were taken and imprisoned, and, 
according to a writer of that time, "should have been 
killed," but they made their escape, and Simon, with a 
band of Indians, came to Falmouth and shed the first blood 
here of the war, in the orchard of Anthony Brackett, who 
lived on what is now known as the Deering farm, near 
Back Cove, in the town of Deering. Brackett was com- 
pelled to give himself up as a captive or be shot on the 
spot. Nathaniel Mitton, a brother of Mrs. Brackett, was 
killed, and Brackett's wife and five children taken captives. 
The particulars of this attack on the settlement at Falmouth, 
the engagement, and tlie escape of the prisoners, are given 
farther on, in the history of the first Indian war. 

Kankauiagus and Worumbo were the two chiefs who, 
with their band of Indians, fell upon Colonel Church on his 
landing at Casco, in September, 161)0. Church had taken 
Worumbo's fort on the Androscoggin, about twenty-five 
miles from its mouth, and among the prisoners were Kan- 
kamagus' wife and sister and four children, and two children 
of Worumbo. A few days after. Church landed at Casco, 
and the Indians, who had hastened there and were waiting 
in ambrsh, fell upon him by surprise, and were not beaten 



22 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUiVTY, MAINE. 



off for some time, and then only by hard fi<rhtlng. Tiiis 
was on the 21.st of September. Cliurch had seven men 
killed and tweiitj'-four wounded, two of wlioni died in a 
day or two after.* 

Ilopehood was a eliief nearly as celebrated and as much 
detested in his lime .is the chiefs of'whom we have spoken. 
He wa.s chief of the Aiidroscoijgin tribe, often called the 
Nonidgewocks, and was the son of Kobinhood. Our first 
notice of him is in Philip's war, at an attack on a house in 
Newiehowannock, now Berwick. Fifteen persons (all women 
and children) were in the house, and Hopehood, with only 
one besides himself (Andrew, of Saco, whom we have be- 
fore mentioned), thoujiht to surprise them, and would have 
accomplished their purpose but for a j'ounp; wcmian in the 
liouse wiio held the door till all the others had made their 
escape unobserved. Ho and his companions hewed down 
the door and knocked the girl on the head, and, supposing 
her to be dead, left her. They took two children, whom a 
fence had prevented from escaping, killed one, and carried 
off the other alive. The young woman afterwards recov- 
ered. This chief, and his Indians and French allies, de- 
stroyed the settlement of Salmon Falls in January, 1G90, 
taking two forts, reducing twenty-.seven houses to ashes, 
taking fifty-four prisoners, and burning two thousand do- 
mestic animals in the barns which they set on fire.f 

Monquine, (ilias Natahanada, the son of old Natawormett, 
sagamore of the Kennebec River, sold to William Bradford 
and others all the land on both sides of the river, " from 
Cussenocke upwards to Wassernunsicke," Aug. 8, 16i8. 
The signature to the deed is " Monquine, alias Dumhauda." 
Then follows : " Wc, .\godoadcmago, the .sonne of Washe- 
niett and Tassucke, the brother of Natanahada, do couv- 
ent freely unto the sale to Bradford, Paddy, and others.'! 

Kenebis was a sachem, from whom it has been supposed 
the name of the Kennebec Iliver was derived. In 1649 he 
sold to Christopher Lawson all the lands on the Kennebec, 
up as high as Taconnet Falls, now Winslow. The latter 
place was the residence of the great chief Essiminasqua. 
Tlie residence of Kennebis was upon Swan Island. This 
island was purch.ised of Abbigadosset, in 1GG7, "by Hum- 
phrey Davy, and afterwards claimed by Sir Johu Davy, a 
sergeant-at-law." 



CHAPTER IV. 

CHARTERS AND LAND-GHANTS. 

Charter of lf.20— Council of I'ljmouth— Sitllciiifiit of the Pilgrims- 
Grant to .Sir William Alcvamior— .Sir Fcrdinando (Jorgcs— Cajit. 
Thoniaa Mason— Grunts by iho Plymouth Council— Surrender of 
tho Charier to the King— Summary of (j ranis uudcr the Charter- 
Charavtcr of tho Early Settlements. 

In 1620 a new charter was obtained of King James by 
the Northern Company, bearing date November 3d. It 
embraced the territory lying between the fortieth and forty- 
eighlli parallels of north latitude, including the country 



• Letter of Col. Church to Guvornor Hinckley, of Plymouth, 
t Ilclknnp'a llinlory of Now llamp.«birc. 

X fr,.,,lr ,./ /Vvnio,,//,.— William P.nddy died in Boston. His gravc- 
•lonc WO! dug out of the rubbith under the old Sinte-Houee in 1830. 



from Philadelphia to the Bay of Clialeur, which empties 
into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Tho patentees were the 
Duke of Lenox, the Manpiises of Buckingham and Hamil- 
ton, the Earls of Arundel and Warwick, Sir Ferdinando 
Gorges, and thirty-four others, who were styled the council, 
established' at Plymouth, in the county of Devon, for the 
planting, ruling, ordering, and governing of New England, 
in America. 

Under this patent were all the grants made which origi- 
nally divided the country between tho Hudson and the Pe- 
nobscot Rivers; beyond these bounds the patent of 1620 
had no practical operation. 

While these patentees were procuring a new charter, the 
more successfully to prosecute their designs of private emolu- 
ment, another company was arising of an entirely different 
character, who, without concert with the patentees, or with- 
out their concurrence, and it may even be said without any 
design of their own, were to give the strongest impulse to the 
colonization of New England, and to stamp their peculiar 
features upon its future destinies. The English residents 
at Leyden had determined to seek security and freedom of 
worship in the wilderness of America, and in the summer 
of this year commenced their voyage for the Hudson River. 
But, either by design or accident, they fell short of their 
destination, and arrived at Cape Cod on the 10th of No- 
vember, 1620. In this neighborhood they resolved to re- 
main, and having selected the spot which they named 
Plymouth, they established there the first permanent set- 
tlement that was made in New England. Tiie French had 
then a plantation at Port Royal, and the English had set- 
tlements in Virginia, Bermuda, and Newfoundland. The 
nearest plantation to them was the one at Port Royal. 

On the lOlh of September, 1621, the northeastern part 
of the territory included in the charter to the Council of 
Plymouth was granted by James I. to Sir William Alex- 
ander.§ This was done by the consent of the company, as 
Gorges, in his description of New England, declares. The 
grant, to which the name of Nova Scotia was given, ex- 
tended from Cape Sable north to the St. Lawrence ; thence 
by the shore of that river and round by the sea to the 
first point ; included Cape Breton and all the i.slands within 
six leagues of the western, northern, and eastern parts, 
and those within forty leagues south of Cape Sable. Sir 
William was engaged in this adventure by becoming ac- 
quainted with Capt. Mason, who a short time before had 
returned from Newfoundland. In 1622, Sir William Alex- 
ander subdued the French inhabitants within his grant, 
carried them prisoners to Virginia, and planted a colony 
there himself || 

New England being now brought into notice by the 
respectability of the persons who had engaged in its cause, 
and especially by the profits derived from the fish and fur 
trade, tho intercourse with it was yearly increasing. In 
1621, ten or twelve ships from the west of England pro- 
cured full cargoes of fish and fur; in 1622, ihirly-five 
sliips; in 1623, forty ships; and in 1624, fifty ships were 
engaged in the same trade. So great seems to have been 



I 2 Prince, p. lll.s 

II 2 Hnz , p. :JS7, quoted by Willis. 



CHARTERS AND LAND GRANTS. 



23 



the excitement in this new channel of speculation that the 
Plymouth Company found it necessary to procure a procla- 
mation from the kins, bearin;; date Nov. 6, 1622, to pre- 
vent " interloping and disorderly trading" upon the coast.* 
It is alleged in the proclamation that persons without 
authority committed intolerable abuses there, not only by 
destroying timber and throwing their ballast into the 
harbors of the islands, but by selling warlike implements 
and ammunition to the natives, and teaching them their 
use. 

Aug. 10, 1622, the Council of Plymouth granted to Sir 
Ferdinando Gorges and Capt. John Mason, two of their 
company, "all the lands situated between the rivers Merri- 
mack and Sagadehock, extending back to the great lakes 
and the river of Canada. "■!" 

In 1623 they sent over David Thompson, Edward and 
William Hilton, and others, who commenced a plantation 
upon the west side of the Piscataqua River, which was the 
first settlement in New Hampshire, and the beginning of 
the present town of Portsmouth. J Gorges and Mason 
continued their joint interest on the Piscataqua, having 
procured a new patent in 1631, including all their improve- 
ments on both sides of the river, until 1634, when they 
made a division of their property ;§ Mason took the western 
side of the river, and Gorges the eastern, and they each 
procured distinct patents for their respective portions, which 
they afterwards separately pursued. 

Gorges did not confine his attention exclusively to Pis- 
cataqua, even while ho continued a partner in the Laconia 
patent; for in February, 1623, we find that he had already 
a plantation established upon the island of Monhegan. 
This was probably for the accommodation of the fishermen ; 
but it had become of sufficient importance to draw thither 
the persons settled in Massachusetts Bay for supplies.|| 
This plantation must have been commenced in 1621 or 
1622, and was the jiisl which continued for any length 
of time upon any part of the territory of Maine. Monhe- 
gan is a solitary island, about twelve miles southeast of 
Pemaquid Point, which is the nearest main land. From 
this island the transition to the main was easy ; and from 
the concourse of vessels to this neighborhood in the fishing 
season, it might naturally be expected that here settlements 
would be early formed. Such appears to have been the 
fact, and we find that in 1625 a settlement was commenced 
at New Harbor, on Pemacjuid, wiiich continued to increase 
without interruption until the destructive war of 1675. 

On the 15th of July, 1625, John Brown, of New Har- 
bor, purchased of Capt. John Somerset and Unongoit, two 
Indian sachems, for fifty skins, a tract of land on Pemaquid, 
extending eight miles by twenty-five, together with Mus- 
congus Island.^ The next year Abraham Shurt was sent 
over by Alderman Aldsworth and Giles Elbridge, merchants 
of Bristol, as their agent, and was invested with power to 
purchase Monhegan for them. This island then belonged 



« Jeremiah Dummer's Mem., 1, 3d sec, Mass. Uist. Coll., p. 232. 

t 1 Hutchinson, p. 2S5. Hub. N. E., p. 614. 

i Pr. 133, An. of Purtsmo. 

i I Bilk., N. li. App. 

II Pr. 127, Morion's Mem., 109. 

If Report of Mass. Com. on the Pcmnq. Title, ISl I, 107. 



to Abraham Jennings, of Plymouth, of whose agent Shurt 
purchased it for fifty pounds. 

In 1626 the government of Plymouth colony established 
a trading-house on Bagaduce Point, at the mouth of the 
Penobscot, and first gave this name to that river. The 
Indian name was Penobsceag, or Penobscook ; the French 
called it Pentaqueatte, or Pentegoet.** The Baron do St. 
Castine afterwards erected his fort upon the site of the old 
trading-house, and that spot, together with the adjacent 
territory, still perpetuates the name of one of the most 
persevering enemies the early colonists had to contend 
with. In 1632 the French rifled this trading-house of 
property to the value of about five hundred pounds sterling. 

The same government, having obtained a patent on the 
Kennebec, erected in 1628 a house for trade up the river, 
and furnished it with corn and other commodities for sum- 
mer and winter.ff 

In 1628, Thomas Purchase settled upon land now in- 
cluded within the limits of Brunswick, having obtained a 
patent from the Plymouth Council. George Way was 
associated with him in the patent, which included lands 
lying on both sides of the Pejepscot, on the eastern end of 
Androscoggin River, on the Kennebec River, and Casco 

Bay.n 

In 1628 the Massachusetts Company procured a charter 
from the Council of Plymouth, and in June sent over Capt. 
John Endicott and a few associates to take possession of the 
grant. They arrived in September at Nauiukcag (Salem), 
and laid the foundation of that respectable town and the 
colony of Massachusetts. 

In 1629, Aldsworth and Elbridge sent over to Shurt a 
patent from the Council of Plymouth for twelve thousand 
acres of land on Pemaquid, bounded north by a line drawn 
from the head of the Damariscotta to the head of the 
Muscongus River, and from thence to the sea, including 
the islands within three leagues of the shore. Here was 
commenced the first permanent settlement on the main 
land within the territory of this State by any European 
power. Thomas Elbridge, the son of Giles, the patentee, 
came over a few years afterwards and held a court within 
this patent, to which many of the inhabitants of Monhegan 
and Damariscove repaired, and made acknowledgment of 
submission. This place, from its numerous harbors and 
islands, posses.sed many advantages of trade as well as of 
farming and fishing, and rapidly increased iu population 
and business. An additional grant was made to the same 
persons in 1632, iu which it is recited that the land is 
" next adjoining to this place, where the people or servants 
of said Giles and Robert are now settled, or have inhabited 
for the space of three years last past."§§ 

On the 12th of February, 1630, the Council of Plymoutli 
made two grants on the Saco River, each being four miles 
upon the sea, and extending eight miles into the country. 

i^s Sullivan's Hist, of Maine, 36, 38, and Mass. Hist. Coll., 209. 

ft Pr. 62, 2d part. 

JJ History of lirunswick. 

§J In lB7d there were no less than one hundred and fifty-si-i families 
east of Sagadahoc, and near one hundred fishing- vessels owned bc- 
tneen Sagadahoc and St. George's Kivcr. — A'i7. Uuiia' Ulalemeiil lo 
the Co,„ii-n in lfi7J. 



24 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



The jrrant upon the west side of the river was made to 
Joliii Oldham and Ricliard Vines. Oldliam liad lived in 
tlie country six years, partly within the I'lyniouth and 
partly within the Massacliusetts jurisdiction, and Vines had 
become aef|uainted with the country by frequent voyages to 
it, and spending one winter in the place where his patent 
was situated. It is mentioned in tlie deed that tlie patentees 
liad undertaken to transport fifty persons there within .seven 
years, to plant and inhabit it. The conditions were com- 
plied with, and Vines, wiio was the manager of tlic colony, 
took possession, June 25, 1C31), and entered with zeal and 
ability into the means of converting it into a .source of 
profit. 

The patent upon the east side of the river was given to 
Thomas Lewis and Richard Bonighton. The patentees un- 
dertook to transport fifty settlers there in seven ycais at 
their own e.Npense. Livery of seizin was given June 28, 
1G31. and the proprietoi-s, in person, successfully prosecuted 
the interest of their patent. Such were the beginnings of 
the towns of Biddeford and Saco, and the lands continue 
to be held under those patents to tliis day. 

Oldham* never appears to have entered upon his grant. 
Vines occupied it fifteen years, and sold it in ](i45, in which 
year, or early the ne.xt, he went to Barbadoes, where lie 
probably died. Lewis died on his estate previous to 1G40, 
without male i.ssue. Bonighton continued to enjoy his por- 
tion of the patent to a ripe old age, when he was gathered 
to his fathers, leaving a large estate to his children. "j" 

In 1G30 the colony of Plymouth procured a new charter 
from the council for a tract of land fifteen miles on each 
side of the Keimcbec River, extending as far up as Cobbise- 
contec. Under tliis grant they carried on trade with the 
Indians upon the river for many years, and in IGGO sold 
the title for four hundred pounds sterling to Messrs. Tyng, 
Brattle, Boies, and Winslow.J 

March 13, 1C30, a grant was made to John Beauehamp, 
of London, and Thomas Leverett, of Boston, England, of 
ten leagues square, between Muscougus, Broad Bay, and 
Penobscot Bay. Large preparations were immediately 
made for c;irrying on trade there, and agents were em- 
ployed. This was originally called the Lincoln grant, and 
afterwards the Waldo patent, a large part of it having 
been held by Brigadier Waldo, to whose heirs it descended. 
It now forms the county of Waldo.§ 

In the coui-se of the year 1G30 the Council of Plymouth 
granted to John Dye and others forty miles square, lying be- 
tween Cape Porpoise and Cape Elizabeth. This was named 
the Province of Ligonia, though commonly known in early 
times as the Plom/li patent, either from the sliip called the 
" Plough," wiiich brought over the first coiupany, or from 
the circumstance that the adventurers were generally hus- 
bandmen, while the usual employment of others upon the 
coast was fishing and commerce. The first company ar- 
rived at Winter Harbor, in the summer of 1C31, in the ship 
" Plough," but, not being satisfied with the prospects of the 



• Olilliiim wn.8 killed by the InJiaiis olT DIock Iplnml, .lulv 20, ir.:;C. 
- It inftmp. 
t FiilBMiu'ii Ili.-t. of Saco and Diddvf.ird. 
J Arcliivc'S of Aluino llirturk'nl Society. 
§ Willix- n\,{. of Portland. 



country, most of thera continued on to Boston and Water- 
town, where they wore soon broken up and .scattered. In 
1G43 the grant fell into the hands of Alexander Riiiby, 
under whom a government was established. This subject 
will be adverted to more particularly hereafter. The claim 
to soil and sovereignty in that province occupies consider- 
able space in the history of this portion of Maine, and gave 
birth to a conflict with Gorges, which was only settled by the 
submission of all parties to the government of Massachu- 
setts. 

The next grant we meet with was that of Black Point, 
now part of Scarborough, to Thomas Cammock, dated Nov. 
1, 1031. This was made also by the Council of Plymouth, 
and extende<l from Black Point River to the Spurwink, and 
back one mile from the sea. Cammock is suppo.sed to have 
been a relative of the Earl of Warwick, one of the members 
of the council. He was one of the company sent to Pis- 
eataqua, and was there as early as 1G31. Possession of his 
grant, which included Stratton's Islands, lying about a mile 
from thj Point, was given to him by Capt. Walter Neale, 
May 23, 1G3.J.|| The patent was confirmed to him by 
Gorges in IC-IO; the same year he gave a deed of it to 
Henry Jocelyn, to take effect after the death of himself 
and wife. He died in the West Indies in 1G43 ; Jocelyn 
immediately entered upon possession, and married Marga- 
ret, his widow. The tract is now held under this title, by 
conveyances from Jocelyn to Joshua Scottow, July G, 1C6G. 

Dec. 1, 1031, the Council of Plymouth granted to 
Robert Trelawny and Moses Goodyeare, merchants of 
Plymouth, England, the tract lying between Cammock's 
patent and " the Bay and River of Casco, extending north- 
wards into the main land as far as the limits and bounds of 
the lands granted to the .said Capt. Thomas Cammock do 
and ought to extend. "If This included Cape Elizabeth, but 
Winter, the agent of the proprietors, conteiiJed for a larger 
extent north than seemed to be within a just' construction 
of the grant, which, under the management of Winter's at- 
torney and executor, Robert Jordan, led to a severe contest 
of many years' continuance.** The limit claimed included 
nearly all the ancient town of Falmouth and part of Gor- 
ham. In 1040 the court decided that Fore River was the 
true northern boundary of the grant, being the '• Casco 
River' named in the patent; but a certificate was soon 
after obtained and sent to England, founded, as was 
claimed, on the statements of the Indians and ancient set- 
tlers, that the court had made a mistake, and that the Pre- 
sempscot was the true Casco River. This again revived 
the controversy, and kept open a luost unhappy quarrel, 
which lasted during the lives of the first seitlers.f"!' 

In 1G34, Edward Godfrey procured of the Council of 
Plymouth a grant to himself and associates, Samuel Mav- 
erick, William Ilooke, and others, of twelve thousand 
acres of land on the north side of the river Agamenticus. 



|[ York Records. 

r Ibid. 

*^ See History of Cape Elizabeth, in this volume. 

ft There is n Irndition in the Jordan family thiit the wife of a Bon 
of the fir^t Kobcrt Jordiin, needing some papers to kccj) her pastry 
from burning, took from a cheet of papers Trelawny 's pnlcnt and used 
it for that purpose, which thus perished, like many other ancient and 
valuable manuscripts. 



CHARTERS AND LAND-GRANTS. 



25 



The same year another grant was made of twelve thousand 
acres on the west side of tlie river to Ferdinando Gorges, 
grandson of Sir Ferdinando. Edward Godfrey had settled 
at Aganicnticus, now York, in 1G32, two years before his 
patent was obtained. He was for several years an agent 
for the Laconia Conipany at ]'iscatiif|ua. After he estab- 
lished himself in Maine his activity and intelligence soon 
brought him into notice. Sir Ferdinando Gorges appointed 
him a counselor of his province in 1C40 ; in 1G42 he was 
mayor of Gorgiana. He was chosen Governor by the 
people in tlie western part of the province in 1G49, and 
was the first in Maine who exercised that office by election. 
He died about ICGl. 

We have now touched briefly upon all the grants and 
settlements made upon the coast of Jlaine previous to 1634. 
It will be perceived that the grants were all obtained from 
the Council of Plymouth, notwithstanding the patent to 
Gorges and Mason of 1622, which extended from the Jler- 
riuiac to Sagadahoc, and nominally covered the whole ter- 
ritory. From this circumstance it would be natural to 
conclude that the patent of 1622 was unexecuted, and that 
no title passed by it; and it appears by the opinion of Sir 
William Jones, the attorney-general in 1679, that the 
" grant was only sealed with the council seal, unwitnessed, no 
seisin endorsed, nor possession ever given with the grant."* 
This idea is corroborated by the facts that Gorges was sit- 
ting at the council board, and was a party to all the subse- 
f|uent conveyances which parcelled out the land within the 
limits of that patent; and that both he and Mason received 
a grant with sis or seven others in 1G31 of a small tract 
on both sides of the Piscataqua, which included the im- 
provements they had previously made there. It the patent 
of 1622 were valid, it would have been wholly useless to 
have procured another within the same limits. 

The settlements which commenced at Plymouth in 1620 
now dctted the whole coast from Cape Cod to the Bay of 
Fundy; they were indeed few and far between, but an in- 
tercourse was kept up among them by their common weak- 
ness and wants, as well as for the purposes of trade. And 
although Massachusetts was the most powerful of the whole, 
and from motives of religious zeal, no doubt sincere, dis- 
countenanced the less strict settlers upon this coast, who on 
such matters differed from them both in doctrine and prac- 
tice, she fain would profit by their fish and fur, which 
enabled her to procure from Europe articles of the first 
necessity for the infant colony. 

John Jocelyn, the traveler, who visited his brother 
Henry at Black Point in 1638, sailed along the coast from 
Boston to that place in July. He says, " Having refreshed 
niy.self for a day or two upon Noddle's Island, I crossed 
the bay in a small boat to Boston, which was then rather 
a village than a town, there being not above twenty or 
thirty houses."! "The 12th day of July I took boat for 
the eastern parts of the country, and arrived at Black Point, 
in the province of Maine, which is 150 miles from Boston, 
the 14th day. The country all along, as I sailed, being no 
other than a mere wilderness, here and there by the sea-side 
a few scattered plantations with as few houses. "J 



1 llutcll., 28.5; JIub., GlJ. 

i Ibid., 20. 



t Jocelyn'-s Voyages, in. 



The Council of Plymouth continued their operations until 
June 7, 1G35, when they surrendered their charter to the 
king. During their existence as a corporation, a period of 
fourteen years and seven months, they were not inactive. 
In 1621 they relinquished a largo proportion of their patent 
in favor of Sir William Alexander, and assented to a con- 
veyance by the king to him of all the territory lying east 
of the river St. Croix and south of the St. Lawrence, 
embracing the provinces of Nova Scotia and New Bruns- 
wick. 

It may not be amiss to recapitulate here in a brief man- 
ner the various grants of the Plymouth Council within the 
limits of the State of Maine. They are as follows : 

1. 1622, Aug. 10, to Sir Ferdinando Gorges and Capt. 
John Mason, from Merrimac to the Kennebec Rivers. 

2. 1626, Nov. 6, to the Plymouth adventurers a tract on 
Kennebec River, which was enlarged in 1628. 

3. 1630, Jan. 13, to William Bradford and his asssociates, 
fifteen miles on each side of the Kennebec River, extend- 
ing up to Cobbisecontec ; this grant Bradford transferred 
to the Plymouth adventurers. 

4. 1630, Feb. 12, to John Oldham and Richard Vines, 
four miles by eight miles on the west side of the Saco River 
at its mouth. 

5. 1630, Feb. 12, to Thomas Lewis and Richard 
Bonighton, four miles by eight, on the east side of Saco 
River at the mouth. 

G. 1630. March 13, to John Beauchamp and Thomas 
Leverett, ten leagues square, on the west side of Penobscot 
River, called the Lincoln or Waldo patent. 

7. 1630, to John Dyand others the province of Ligonia, 
or the Plough patent, lying between Cape Porpoise and 
Cape Elizabeth, and extending forty miles from the coast. 

8. 1631, Nov. 1, to Thomas Cammock, Black Point, 
fifteen hundred acres. 

9. 1631, Dec. 1, to Robert Trelawny and Moses Good- 
yeare, a tract between Spurwink River and Casco Bay. 

10. 1632, June 6, to Thomas Purchase and George 
Way, a tract known as Pejepscot, lying between the Ken- 
nebec and Androscoggin Rivers and Casco Bay, including 
the present town of Brunswick. 

11. 1632, to Robert Aldsworth and Giles Elbridge, a 
tract on Pemaquid Point. 

12. 1634, to Edward Godfrey and others, twelve thou- 
sand acres on the river Aganicnticus. 

13. 1634, to Ferdinando Gorges twelve thousand acres, 
on the west side of the river Aganicnticus. 

We take the following quaint description of the settle- 
ments in Maine in 1670, five years before the first outbreak 
of Indian hostilities, from "John Jocelyn's Voyages :"§ 

" Town? there arc not many in ibis province. Kitten/, situated not 
far from Pascataway, is the most poi)ulous. Ne.vt to that, eastvvarti, 
is seated by a river near the sea (j'liijinuu, a majoraltic, and the 
metropolitan of the province. Further to tlic eastward is the town of 

Wells. Cape Porpus, eastward of that, where there is a town of the 
same name, the houses scatteringly built; all these towns have store of 
salt and fiesh mar.-li, with arable laud, and all well slocked with 
cattle. About 8 or nine miles to the Ea.-lward of Cupe J'liipiin is 

Winter Harbour, a noted place for fishers; hero they have many 
sta^'cs. Saco adjoins to this, and both make one scattering town of 

g Jocelyn returned to England in 1671. 



2G 



HISTORY OF CUMBKllLAND COUNT V, MAINE. 



Inrgt exk-nt, well slorcd willi aitllu, aniUIo lunil nnil raarchci', ami a 
raw-inill. Six iiiili-s to Iho oaseward of Siicu, onil 40 miles from 
IJci.raiiimi. is sealed llic u>\in of Ul.n-k- I'miil, consiftiiig of about 50 
Uwulliiig-lmusi*, nn<l a magaiiiio, or diujiutni; sciittoriiigl.v built; tlicy 
have slorool'iicat iinil liorsc?, of sheep near upon 7 or SOI), mueli arable 
mill iiiar.>li, salt ami fnsli, ami a com mill. To Ihc southward of tlic 
/'..i"i.( ("I"'" »■•'''-••' ""■"•■ stages for fishermen) lie two small islands; 
be>imd the Point. North eastward runs the river of SpurwinU. . . . 

•' Four mile* from Illack roinl.ono mile from Spurwink Uivcr, east- 
ward, lyeth Kichinund's Island, whoso long, is ;il7° ;!0" ami bit. 1-H° 
.')4'; it is ;! miles in eircumfcrenee, and hath a passable and gravelly 
ford on ihe north side, between the main and Ihc sea at low water; 
here are foumi excellint whetstones, and here likewise are stages for 
fishermen. Nino miles eastward of Black I'oint lieth scatteringly the 
town of Cimo upon a largo bay, stored with ealtic, shecji, swine, 
abunJonee of marsh and arable land, a eornniill or two, with stages 
for lishermin. Further eastward is the town of Kennibec, seated upon 
the river. Fui Iher yet eastward is Sagadehock, where there are many 
houses .seattering, and all along .«tages for fishermen ; these two are 
stored with eatlle and corn lands. . . . 

" Twelve miles from Caseo Bay, and passable for men and horses, is 
a lake c.illol by the Indians .Scbug, on the brink thereof, at one end, 
is Ihc famous rock shaped like a ni'inne deer or hell,-, dinphiiiititK, and 
called the Jloose Uock. Hero are found stones like chrystals and 
la)iis speculaiis or mnscovia glass, both white and purple. . . . 

"From Sagadehock to Nova Scotia is called the Duke of York's 
province, horo Pomaquid, Moiitinieus, Mohegan, Capeanawhagen, 
whoro C'apt. Smith lisht for wliales.Museataqnid, all filled with dwell- 
ing-houses and stages for fishermen, and have plenty of cattle, arable 
land, and marshes." 

Mr. Jocelyii also in the sanio bouk y;ivcs the following 
account of the occupations and character of the ancient in- 
habitants, page 207 : 

"The people in the Province of .Maine may be divided into magis- 
trates, husbanduien or planters, and fishermen ; of the magistrates 
some be royalists, the rest perverse spirits, the like arc tlic planters 
and fishers, of which some be planters and fishers both, others meor 
fishers. 

" llandieraftsnun there are but few, tlie tunulor or cooper, smiths 
and carpenters are best welcome amongst thom, shopkeepers there are 
nunc, being supplied by the Massachusetts merchants with all things 
they stand in need of. Kngtish shoes are sold for 8 or 9 shils. a pair, 
worsted stockings of ;i«. 6</. for 7 and 8«. a pair, Douglas, that is sold 
in Kngland for 1 or 2 and 20 pence an ell, for 4«. a yard, serges of 2 
or :i«. a yard, f.jr C and 7 shillings. 

"They have a custom of taking tobacco, sleeping at noon, sitting 
long at meals, souictimcs four times a day, and now and then drink- 
ing a dram of the bottle extraordinarily ® *. They fecil generally 
upon as good flesh, beef, pork, mutton, fowl, and lish as any in the 
world besides. Their servants, which arc for the most part English, 
will not work under a half a crown a day, wben they arc out of their 
time, although it be for to make hay, and for less I do not see how 
they can, by reason of the dearnc-s of clothing. If they hire them 
by the year, they pay them 14 or £15 at the year's end, in corn, cat- 
tle, ami fish ; gome of these prove excellent fowlers, bringing in as 
many as will maintain their master's house, besides the profit that 
accrues by their fealbcrs. 

"The nshcrmcn take yearly upon the coast many hnmlrcd kenlals 
of cod, hake, haddock, pidluck, Ac., Ac, which they split, salt, and 
dry at their stages, making three voyages in a year. When they 
share their fish, which is at the end of every voyage, they separate 
Iho best from the worst, which yi known when it is clear like a lanlhorn 
horn and without spots; Ihc second sort they call refuse fish, that is, 
such n» is salt-burnt, spotted, rotten, and carelessly ordered; these 
they put ofi' to Iho Massachusetts merchants, the merchantable for 30 
and ?<2 reals a keiilul (112 pounds), the refuse for y and I0». the quin- 
tal. The merchants send the merchantable fish to Lisbon, Bilbo, Bur- 
deaux, .Marsiles, Talloon, Kocliel, Uoan, and other cities of France, 
to Iho Canaries with claw-board and pipe-staves, which is there and 
at the Charibs a prime eominodily. The refuse fish they put olT at 
tho Charib Islands, liarbadues, Jamaica, Ac., who feet their Xegros 



Tith it. 



"To every shallop belong four fishermen, a master or steer 



imnn, a 



Midshipman, and a foremast man and a shore man, who washes it out 
of the salt aiKl dries it upon bundles and tends their cookery. 

" These often get in one voyage 8 or £'J a man, but it doth some of 
them little good, for tho merchant to increase his gain by putting off 
his commodity in the middest of their voyages, and at the end thereof 
comes in with a walking tavern, a bark laden with the legitimate blond 
of Iho rich grape, which they bring from Phial, .Madera; Canaries, 
with brandy, rum, the Barbadoes strong water,- and tobacco; coming 
a shore he gives them a taster or two, which so charms them, that for 
no persuasions will they go to sea, although fair and seasonable 
weather for 2 or 3 days, nay, sometimes a whole week, till they are 
wearied with drinking, taking a shore 2 or 3 lilids. of wine and rum 
to drink when the merciiant is gone. 

" They often have to run in debt for their necessaries on account of 
the lavish expense for drink, and are constrained to moitgage their 
plantations, if they have any, and the moichant, when Ihc time is ex- 
]dred, is sure to turn them out of house and home, seiz-ing their phin- 
t itions and cattle, poor creatures, to look out for a new habitation in 
some remote place, where they begin the world .again. 

"Of the same nature are the people in the Duke's province, who, 
not long before I left the country, jietitioncd Mass. to take them into 
their government." 



CHAPTER V. 



ESTABLISHMENT OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT. 

Sovereignty not granted by tlie Original Charter— Right of Govern- 
ment secured by Gorges — Province of New Somersetshire — Fii-st 
General Court of Maine — Province of Ligonia— Effect of the Civil 
War in England — Kichard Vines — George Cleaves — Alexander 
Kigby — The Governments of Gorges and Rigby Overthrown — In- 
dependent Government under Edward Godfrey— Submission to the 
Authority of Massachusetts. 

TlIF. patent granted liy James II. to the " Council for the 
Aflfairs of New England," Nov. 3, 1C20, contained powers 
of civil government to the council and their succes.sors, but 
it soon became a question whether these poweis were trans- 
ferable, with a conveyance of any part of the territory 
within the limits of the grant. This point, it is believed, 
was never directly decided, although it may be inferred 
from the practice of some of the patentees that the general 
impression was adverse to such tran.sfer. The Jlassaclm- 
setts patentees and Sir Ferditumdo Gorges each procured a 
confirmation of their grants from the king, with power to 
govern their respective provinces. Rut witli regard to 
Mason's grant of New Hampshire, which was not conlirmed 
by the king, the two chief justices of England agreed tiiat 
it conveyed no right of sovereignty, the great Council of 
Plymoutli, under whom lie claimed, " having no power to 
transfer government to any." 

Tlie surrender of their charter by the I'lyumuth Council 
in June, 1G3.T, prepared the way for the establishment of 
civil government in the province. On the 'ZM\ of April, 
1G35, a short time before the surrender of their charter, 
the council had a meeting at Whitehall, in London, at 
which tlicy prepared a declaration of the causes which in- 
duced them to take this important step, as follows: 

" For as much as we have foun I by a long experience that tho 
faithful endeavors of some of us that have sougiil the plantation of 
New FIngland, have not been without frequent and inevitable troubles 
as companions to our undertakings from our first discovery of that 
coast to the present, by great charges and unnecessary expenses, 
and also by depriving us of divers of our dear friends and faithful 
servants omploycd in that ivork abroad, whilst ourselves at home were 



ESTABLISHMENT OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT. 



27 



assauUocI with shavp HIigious questions, both before (he privy council 
anil the parliament, having been prcsenteil as a grievance to the com- 
ni.inwe.ilth. The affections of the multitude were thereby disbeart- 
ened, and so much the more by how much it jdeascd (jod about that 
time to bereave us of the most noble and principal props thereof, as 
tlie Duke of Lenox, Marquis of Hamilton, and many other strong 
stays to the weak building. Then followed the claim of the French 
naibassador, taking advantage of the divisions of the sea-coast between 
ourselves, to whom we made a just and satisfactory answer. Never- 
thcliss, these crosses did not draw upon us such a disheartened weak- 
ness as there only remained a carcass, in a manner breathless, till the 
end of the last parliament, when the Massachusetts Company obtained 
their charter, and afterwards thrust out the undertakers and tenants 
nf some of the council ; withal riding over the heads of those lords 
and others that had their portion assigned unto them in their late 
majesty's province." 

After a further enumeration of grievances they say tlicy 
found matters " in so desperate a case," by reason of tlie 
complaints made against them and the procedure in Massa- 
chusetts, they saw no remedy for " what was brought to 
ruin," but for his majesty to take tlie whole business into 
his own hands. 

"After all these troubles, and upon these considerations, it is now 
resolved that the patent shall be surrendered unto bis majesty." 

In the same instrument they provideil for all existing 
titles made by them, and prayed the king to confirm the 
grants which they had divided among themselves. These 
wore recorded in a book which accompanied the surrender. 
In that division the territory now called Slaine was dis- 
tributed to three of the patentees; Gorges' share extended 
from the Piscataqua to the Kennebec, or Sagadahoc; an- 
other portion was between Sagadahoc and Pemaquid ; the 
third from the Pemaquid to the St. Croix.* The propri- 
etors of the two latter divisions are not named, and there 
appears to be no evidence that any occupation was had of 
them under this title. The division among the patentees 
was made by lot, on the 3d of February, 1G35, the grant 
was executed April 22d,]'" and on the 7th of June following 
the president and council made a full transfer of their char- 
ter to the king. They at the same time urged upon the 
king the necessity of taking away the charter of Ma,ssachu- 
setts, and of appointing from among the lords proprietors a 
general governor for the whole territory, which probably 
would have been done but for the breaking out of the civil 
war. 

We have only now to follow the history of one division 
of this great charter, — that granted to Sir Ferdinando 
Gorges, which embraced the original province of Maine, 
extending from the Piscataqua to the Kennebec River. 
Gorges lost no time in improving his acquisition. He gave 
to his province the name of New Somersetshire, from the 
county in England in which his estates were situated, and 
the same j'ear sent over as Governor his nephew, Capt. 
William Gorges.]; The proprietor could establish no civil 
government without authority froiu the king, and Gorges 
was therefore indefatigable in procuring the necessary 
requisite for perfecting his title to the sovereignty, as well 
as to the soil of his province. His labors for this object 
were crowned with complete success April 3, 1G39 ; but 

*" Gorges' Narrative. 

tlUaz., 383; Doug., 387. 

{ Jocelyn, 1 Chron. Chalm. Annals, 473. 



prior to this William Gorges had arrived in the country, 
and held at Saco, March 21, 1(13(5, the first court in this 
State of which we have any record. The members of this 
court are styled commissioners, and the record commences 
as follows : 

" At a meeting of tlic commissioners at the house of Capt. Kii-liard 
Bonighton. in Saco, this 21st day of March, 1630, present Capt. Rich- 
ard Bonighton, Capt. William (Jorges, Capt. Thomas Cammoek, Mr. 
Henry Jocelyn, Gent., Mr. Thomas Purchase, Mr. Edward Godfrey, 
Mr. Thomas Lewis, Gent."J 

" At this court four persons were fined five shillings each 
for getting drunk. George Cleaves|| was fined five shillings 
for rash speeches, and ' Mr. John Bonighton^ for inconti- 
nency with Ann, his father's servant, is fined forty shillings, 
and said Ann twenty shillings, and he to keep the child.' 
The jurisdiction of this court seems to have been co-exten- 
sive with the limits of the province, the commissioners 
present being from each extremity, and from the centre. It 
does not appear that it was held by virtue of any commis- 
sion, although that fact may be reasonably inferred. We 
have been able to find no record of this court later than 
1637 ; but the few memoranda that have been preserved 
prove to us that the early settlers, notwithstanding the 
smallness of their number, were influenced by the same 
litigious spirit and the same passions which characterize a 
denser population, and a more refined state of society. Ac- 
tions of trespass and slander occur fiequcntly on the 
record.** 

" In 1G3G the court pa,ssed an order, ' That every planter 
or inhabitant shall do his best endeavor to apprehend or kill 
any Indian that hath been known to murder any English, 
kill their cattle, or in any way spoil their goods, or do them 
violence, and will not make them satisfiiction.' While they 
were thus endeavoring to protect their own rights from the 
aggression of the natives, they were not unmindful of the 
duties they owed that race ; and the next year the same 
court ordered that Arthur Brown and Mr. Arthur Mac- 
worth make John Cosinsf f give full satisfaction to an Indian 
for a wrong done liim. 

" What sort of government or civil regulation existed, 
previotts to the establishment of this court, we have no 
means of determining. Probably each plantation regulated 
its own aff'airs and managed its own police without aid from 
or communication with the others. The usual mode in the 
other colonies, in absence of higher authority, was by 
agreement among the settlers, in writing, called a combina- 
tion. Such was the course adopted at Plymouth, at Pis- 
cataqua, and in the western part of Maine in 1G49 ; and it 

? Cammoek and Jocelyn lived at Black Point, now Scarborough ; 
Purchase lived at Pejcpscot, now Brunswick ; Godfrey, at Agamenti- 
cus, now York; Lewis, at Winter Ilarbur, near the present Biddeford 
Pool. 

li We find this n.auie spelled CTe<'.:.« by Mr. Willis, but other au- 
thorities and the uniform modern spelling give it as above. 

^ John Bonighton was the son of Richard ; he was notorious for 
turbulence and insubordination during his life. 

■« Willis' Hist. Port. 

ft Cosins was born 1596; he lived on an island near the mouth of 
Royall's River, in North Yarmouth, which ho bought of Richard 
Vines, 1615, and which still bears his name, until he was driven off 
in the war of 1075. Ho moved to York, where he died at a very ad- 
vanced age, af:er lfi?.3. 



28 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



is believed, from iho lullowint; record, lliut tiiis was done 
tit Winter Harbor : 

•"Fib. 1, ICI'.fi. Il i» orilorcil that Mr. 'I'homiis I.owis shall apponr 
the next court-day at the now dwelling-house of Thomas Williams, 
there to answer his contempt, and to .shew cause why he will not de- 
liver up the ivimlniiulinu belongin;^ to us, and to iini-wer such actions 
08 arc commenced against him.' 

" In tlie settlement upon tlie Neek, and at tlie raoutli of 
Presunip.scott River, tlie number of inhabitants was so 
small, that, connected as the persons in each were to its 
head, there was probably no call fur the exercise of civil 
authority before the existence of courts here. And in re- 
j;ard to the plantation on Richmond's Island, we may sup- 
pose that Winter, under his general authority, controlled all 
its affairs. 

" It appears by tlie records of the earliest court, that the 
forms of the trial by jury were observed, which have ever 
since continued, although in the early stages of our history, 
more power over issues of fact was assumed and exercised 
by the court than is consistent with modern practice. 

"In the confirmation of Gorges' title by the king, in 
1639, powers of government were conferred almost absolute.* 
In this charter, the name it now bears, was first bestowed 
in honor of the king's wife, wlio held a province of that 
name in France. It is described as extending from the 
Piscataqua River to the Kennebec, and up those rivers 
to their furthest heads, or until one hundred and twenty 
miles were completed, with all the islands within five leagues 
of the coast. The religion of the Church of England was 
established as the religion of the province. The charter 
conferred upon Gorges an unlimited power of appointment 
to office : to make laws with tlie assent of the majority of 
the freeholders ; to establish courts from which an appeal 
laid to himself; to raise troops, build cities, raise a revenue 
from customs, establish a navy, exercise admiralty jurisdic- 
tion, erect manors, and exclude whom he chose from the 
province. Such powers were never before granted by any 
government to any individual, and he succeeded in procur- 
ing them by the most untiring efforts, all the other mem- 
bers of the council having failed to accomplish a similar 
object. His grandson, Ferdinando, in his account of Amer- 
ica,f says, — 

'"He no sooner had this province settled upon him, but he gave 
public notice that if any would undertake by himself and his asso- 
ciates, to transport a competent numbcV of inhabitants to ])lant in 
any of his limits, ho would assign unto him or them such a proportion 
of land as should in reason satisfy them, reserving only to himself a 
small high rent ns two shillings or two shillings si.\ pence for a hun- 
dred acres per annum.* 

" The following extract, from Sir F. Gorges' narrative, 
will show the manner in which he regulated the admin- 
istration of the province: 

'"First, I divided the whole into eight bailiwicks or counties, and 
those ogain into sixteen several hundreds, consequently into parishes 
and tytbings as people did increase and the provinces were inhabited. 
The form of government: 1st. In my absence I assigned one for my 
lioulcnnnt or deputy, to whom I adjoined a chancellor for the deter- 
mination of all dilTcrences arising between porty and party, for meum 
and /iiiiiii, only next to him, 1 ordained a treasurer for receipt of the 
jiublio revenue ; to them I added a marshal for the managing the 
Miilitia, who hath for his lieutenant a judge-marshal and other officers 



• Ilai,, i. fl2. 



I Ibid., 49, 



to the marshal court, where is to be determined all criminal and cap- 
ital matters, with other misdemeanors or contentions for matters of 
hcKior and the like. To these I appointed an admiral with his lieuten- 
ant or judge for the ordering and determining of maritime causes. 
Next, I ordered a master of the ordinance, whose office is to take 
charge of all the public stores belonging to the militia, both for sea 
and land ; to this I join a secretary for the public service of myself 
and council. These are the standing councillors, to whom is added 
eight (iipiitivH, to be cfrcted by the freeholders of the several counties, 
as councillors for the state of the country, who are authorized by 
virtue of their ])laces to sit in any of the aforesaid courts, and to bo 
assistants to the president thereof.' J 

" This magnificent outline was never filled up ; the mate- 
rials were lamentably deficient. Gorges proceeded on the 
2d September, 1(J39, to appoint his officers, and granted a 
commission at that time to Sir Thomas Jocclyn, Richard 
Vines, Esq., his steward-general, Francis Champernoon,§ 
Esq., his nephew, Henry Joeelyn and Richard Bonighton, 
Esquires, \Villiam Hooke,|| and Edward Godfrey, Gent., as 
counselors, for the due execution of justice in his province, 
and established in the same comraLssion certain ordinances 
for their regulation.^ Another commission was issued by 
him on the 10th of JIarch following, in which the name of 
Thomas Gorges, whom he styles his cousin, is .substituted 
for Sir T. Jocel3'n, but similar in other respects to the 
former. lie gives as a reason for the now commission the 
uncertainty whether the other arrived, and his desire that 
justice might be duly executed in the province. The first 
commission did arrive, and a general court was held under 
it, at Saco, Juno 25, 1640,** before Thomas Gorges reached 
the country. This was the fust f/eiienil court that ever as- 
sembled in Maine, and consisted of ' Richard Vines, Rich- 
ard Bonighton, and Henry Joeelyn, Esquires, and Edward 
Godfrey, Gent., counselors unto Sir Ferdinando Gorges, 
Kt., proprietor of this province for the due execution of 
justice here.' It does not appear that any deputies were 
present. The following officers were sworn at this court, 
viz.. Vines, Bonighton, Joeelyn, and Godfrey, as counsel- 
ors, Roger Garde, register, Robert Sanky, provost-marshal, 
Thomas Elkiiis, under-marslial, Nicholas Frost, constable 
of Piscataqua, Jlr. Michael Mitton, constable of Casco, and 
John Wilkinson, constable of Black Point. This court had 
jurisdiction over all matters of a civil or criminal nature 
arising within the province. At the first session there were 
eighteen entries of civil actions and nine complaints. 

"Thomas Gorges arrived in the course of the summer; 
AVinthropf f says of him that ' he was a young gentleman of 
the Inns of court, a kinsman of Sir F. Gorges, and sent 
by him with a commission for the government of his prov- 



J Narrative, p. 46. This narrative was written in 1640, and pub- 
lished by bis grandson in 1668 ; ho also says in it (p. 50) : "I have 
not sped so ill, I thank my tied for it, but I have a house and home 
there, and some necessary means of profit by my saw-mills and corn- 
mills, besidis some annual receipts, sufficient to lay the foundation of 
greater matters now the government is established." The unfortunate 
knight did not anticipate so soon being deprived of his possessions, 
and stripped of all his golden prospects. 

^ f'hampernoon lived in Kittery. 

II William Ilooke lived in .Agamenticus or Kittery. Sir Thomas, 
Joeelyn, I think, never came to this country. I find no subsequent 
mention of him. 

«• Sull., Appm. 

«■» Y. Rcc. 

■ft 2 Wiuth., 9. 



ESTABLISHMENT OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT. 



29 



ince of Somersetshire. lie wa.s sober and well disposed, 
and was very careful to take advice of our magistrates how 
to manage his affairs.' He held his tir.st court at Saco, 
Sept. 8, 1640, assisted by the counselors before mentioned.* 
At this session there were pending twent^'-cight civil actions, 
of which nine were jury trials ; and thirteen indictments, 
which were tried by the court without the intervention of 
a jury ; four of them were against George Burdett, minister 
of Agamenticus, for adultery, bi'each of the peace, and in- 
continency, and what appears singular, Burdett recovered 
judgment in two actions for slander against persons for re- 
porting the very facts for which he was at the same court 
found guilty and punished. The court passed an order 
that the General Court should be held at Saco every year, 
on the 25th of June ; they also divided the province into 
two parts, one extending from the Piscataqua to Kenne- 
bunk ; the other from Kennebunk to Sagadahoc ; and in 
each division established an inferior court, to be held three 
times a year, which had cognizance of all cases except 
' pleas of land, felonies of death, and treason.' An order 
also was passed that all the inhabitants ' who have any 
children unbaptized should have them baptized as soon as 
any minister is settled in any of their plantations.' 

"The government seemed now to have been placed on a 
respectable fooling, and to have afforded hope of perma- 
nency; but in 1042 the civil war broke out in England, 
the influence of which extended to the colonics, and de- 
.stroyed all that Gorges had so long labored to establisli. 
lie was a firm Episcopalian and royalist, and joined the 
king's party with the same zeal which had governed all his 
former life ; although he was more than seventy years old, 
he did not hesitate to buckle on his armor and trust him- 
self once more to the chance of war in defense of his prin- 
ciples and the person of the king. But interested individ- 
uals were not idle to take advantage of this state of thing.s 
to aggrandize themselves, and to gratify feelings of jealousy 
and hatred against those who were unfriendly to them or 
stood in their way. Among such, circumstantial evidence 
would seem to place George Cleaves. Early in 1G43 we 
find him in England, and the 7th of April of that year,f 
Col. Alexander Rigby, an ardent republican, and a member 
of parliament, purchased of the surviving proprietors of the 
province of Ligonia, or a part of ihom, a conveyance of 
their charter. It is inferred that he was stimulated to this 
undertaking by Cleaves. Cleaves probably took advantage 
of political prejudices in England, to gain power in the 
province for himself; he had not been noticed by Gorges 
among the ofificers of his government ; and with Trelawny 
and his agent he had openly quarrelled. He therefore 
addressed himself to Rigby, who had warmly espoused the 
republican side, and no doubt persuaded him to engage in 
the speculation of purchasing Ligonia, wliieli was a dor- 
mant-title, and under existing circumstances, but a nominal 
interest, in the hope that by the aid of political machinery 
it might be elevated to a real and valuable estate. We are 
inclined to the opinion that Cleaves was active in this meas- 
ure, because he was appointed by Rigby his first deputy 
for the government of the province, and because he suc- 



fSuI., 312. 



ceeded in obtaining a confirmation from him of the valuable 
grant in Falmouth, originally made to him by Gorges in 
1G37. Another circumstance which throws suspicion upon 
Cleaves, is an attempt upon the character of Richard Vines, 
the leading supporter of Gorges. On the 28th of April, 
1643, he procured a commission from the parliament, 
directed to Governor Winthrop, Arthur Macworth, Henry 
Bode,J and others, to examine into certain articles ex- 
hibited by him to parliament against Vines. It appeared 
at the court held at Saco in October, 1645, that Cleaves 
had himself affixed the names of the principal planters, viz., 
j\Iacworth, Watts, Alger, Hamans, West, Wadleigh, Wear, 
Robinson, etc., to the petition to parliament witliout any 
authority from them, and which they severally, under oath 
in court, disclaimed ; declaring ' that they neither saw nor 
knew of said articles until the said George Cleaves did come 
last out of England,' and that they 'could not testify any 
such things as are exhibited in the said petition.' It docs not 
appear that Governor Winthrop accepted the commission, and 
JIacworth and Bode both refused to act. Cleaves arrived 
at Boston, in 1643, with his commission from Rigby, to 
act as his deputy in the government of Ligonia. § Knowing 
that he should have to contend against an authority already 
established, he petitioned the General Court of Jla-ssachu- 
setts to afford him their protection. This they declined 
doing, but were willing that the Governor should write an 
unofficial letter in his favor. They wished probably to 
render what assistance they could to a representative of the 
popular party in England, without involving themselves in 
the result of its ill success. The letter of the Governor did 
not have the desired effect of procuring tlie submission of 
Gorges' friends to the authority of Cleaves; for when 
Cleaves proclaimed his commission at Casco, and called a 
court there. Vines, the deputy of Gorges, opposed his pro- 
ceeding, and called a court at Saco. The inhabitants, of 
course, divided, tho.se of Casco principally joined Cleaves, 
although some dissented, as appears by an order of the 
court, held at Saco, October, 1645, assuring them of protec- 
tion. 11 Vines was resolutely supported by Macworth, in 
Casco, and, it may be supposed, by the principal inhabi- 
tants of Saco and Black Point, and he was elected deputy 
Governor for the following year. In this juncture, Cleaves 
wrote to Vines that he would submit the decision of 
the question, as to jurisdiction, to the government of 
Massachusetts, until a final determination could be had 
from England ; but Vines not only declined the arbitration, 
but imprisoned Richard Tucker, wlio was the bearer of the 
communication, and required a bond for his appearance at 
court and his good behavior, before he released him. Upon 
this violence. Cleaves and his party, about thirty in number, 
wrote to the Governor of Massachusetts for assistance, and 
offered themselves as parties to the confederacy of the 
united colonies. The Governor returned an answer un- 



J Bmle lived in Wells. 

?2 Winih., 154; Hub, nOS. 

]j " Oiderod by joint consent llmt we will nid and protect llio in- 
babitnn's of Casco Buy as namely, Mr. Arthur Macworth an.l nil 
others in confcdcrncy with us there, and their eftn'ea from all oppo- 
sition wrong, and injury, that may he olTercd tlicin by Mr. (ieoryo 
Cleaves or any un.ler hiui." Y. I'.ee. 



30 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



fiivorablc to their claim fur admission to the confederacy, 
objecting that ' they had an order not to receive any but 
sudi as were in a cliurcli way.'* Afterward, in April, 
1G44, Vines went to Boston with a letter from the com- 
missioners of Sir F. Gorges, and between twenty and thirty 
other inhabitants of the province; but without effect; they 
would render aid to neither party : and although their pre- 
dilections were undoubtedly on the side of Rigby, with 
their usual cautious policy they withheld themselves from 
any interference in the disputes here, recommending both 
parties to live in peace, until the controversy should be 
dc6nitively settled by the authorities in Knghiiul. Cleaves 
continued to maintain a feeble sway, and must eventually 
have submitted to the authority of Goiges, had not the 
party of Rigby been triumphant in England; the distress 
to which he wxs reduced will jippaar from his letter to the 
government of M;tssachusetts of July ?>, 1(j45: 

" ' To the honoured govcrnour iind deputy governour, iinil Cduit of 
assis'ants of the Massaehusctts colony, these, llonoured sirs, in:iy it 
please you, I have lately reeeived from Jlr. Kighy, letters of iiistrue- 
tion and advice to proceed in the government of Ligonia, and because 
wo are opi)Oscd by Mr. \^incs and others, his confederates, that wo 
could nut proceed according to our instructions, and being daily 
threatened, and arc still in danger of our lives, and also to have our- 
selves seized on by them for not submitting to a pretended authority 
to them given by Sir F. Ciorges, without any lawful commission, and 
thereupon we are in danger of being ruined and undone, unless the 
Lord do move your hearts to protect us with your assistance. I do 
not hereby presume to direct you, but humbl}' crave leave to show 
mine opinion, which is that if you will bo pleased to write but your 
general letter to our opponent-s to deter them from their illegal pro- 
ceedings, and a letter to our peoi>lc of Ligonia, to advise and encour- 
age tliem, that notwithstanding Mr. Vines and the rest do oppose, that 
they may and ought to adhere to Mr. Uigby's lawful authority. I 
hope you may not need to put yourselves to any further troulile to 
finish the work, but in so doing you will much oblige Mr. Rigby unto 
you all, who doubtless would have sent over other order at this time if ho 
had known the injuries oEforcd him and us. These Ict'ers now come 
are in answer of my letters sent to him on ray first arrival sind not of 
my last nor of the ... of the commissioners, as you may see by the 
date of them. I herein shall send you Mr. Rigby's letter of request 
to you and also a Ictt-r of his to me, whereby you may see how the 
parliament approves of his proceeding, and that we may expect fur- 
ther orders forthwith, and in the interim we do most huuibly beseech 
you to afford us such speedy assistance as the necessity of our )ireseut 
condition requires, and we shall forever petition the throne of grace 
for you oil, and rest your humble servants. George Cleaves, for and 
in behalf of the people of Ligonia. f 

" This letter produced no alteration in the policy of Mas- 
sachusetts, and in October following, Vines held his court 
as usual, assisted by Richard Bonighton, Henry Jocelyn, 
Francis Robinson, Arthur Macwortb, Edward Small, and 
Abraham I'reble.J It being represented at this court, ' that 
not having heard from Sir Ferdinando Gorges of late for 
establishment of government,' they proceeded to elect 
Richard Vines, Esq., deputy Governor for the year, and 
'if lie should depart, Henry Jocelyn to be deputy in his 
place.' They also laid a tax for the charges of the Gen- 
eral Court, in which Casco is assessed ten shillings, Saco 
eleven shillings, Gorgiana§ one pound. Piscataipia, which 

•2 Winth., 155. 

t From files in .'cerclary's office, Mass. 

X Uobinsiin lived in Saco, Macworth in Caseo, Preble in Agamenli- 
cus. These persons may be supposed to bo Iho leaders in their re- 
spective plantations of the party of (lorgcs. 

J .Agauicniicus, now York, was incorporated as a eiiy by Gorges in 



included Kittery and Berwick, two pounds ten shillings. 
The cortiScatea before referred to, respecting the articles 
exhibited against Vines by Cleaves, were off"ered, and his 
practices censured ; but some allowance is undoubtedly to 
be made by us for the unfavorable light in which Cleaves 
appears in this transaction, since we receive the representa- 
tion of it from bitter and prejudiced opponents, who acted 
under the highest degree of excitement, and having no op- 
portunity to hear the exculpation of the accused party. 

"Vines sold his patent to Dr. Child in October, 1G4.'), 
and soon after left the proviiice.|| Henry Jocelyn suc- 
ceeded to the office of deputy Governor. The contest had 
increased to such a height, that in the beginning of 1G4G 
Cleaves was threatened with personal violence ; he therefore 
once more appealed to Massachusetts to aid him in this 
emergency. The other party also making their representa- 
tions to the same power, that government addressed a letter 
to each of them, persuading them to suspend their hostili- 
ties, and live in peace until the arrival of the next ships, by 
which it was expected that an order would come from the 
commissioners of the colonies to adjust the controversy. On 
receiving these letters, both parties came to the determina- 
tion of referring the subjects of contention between them to 
the arbitration of the court of assistants of Massachusetts, to 
be held at Boston, June 3, 1G4G. At the time appointed. 
Cleaves and Tucker appeared in support of Rigby's title, 
and Henry Jocelyn and Mr. Roberts for Gorges. "i[ 

" The result of this arbitration was inconclusive and un- 
satisfiictory. Winthrop** says, — 

*" Upon a full hearing, both parties fai!cd in their pronf. The 
plaintiff (Cleaves) could r.ot prove the place in question to be within 
his patent, nor could derive a good title of the patent itself to Jlr. 
Rigby, there being si.\ or eight patentees, and the assignment from 
only two of them. Also the delcudant had no patent of the province, 
but only a copy thereof attested by witnesses which was not pleadable 
in law. Which so perplexed the jury that they could find for neither, 
hut gave in a non liquet. And because both parties would have it 
tried by a jury, the magistrates forebore to deal any further in it." 

" The government of Massachusetts were undoubtedly 
quite willing that the cause should take this direction, they 
preferred to keep neutral and not identifj' themselves with 
either party until they could safely do it under the decision 
of the commissioners for the plantations in England. This 
decision arrived soon after, and declared Rigby to be the 
' rightful owner and proprietor of the province of Ligonia, 
by virtue of conveyances, whereby the planting, ruling, 
ordering, and governing the said province is settled.' The 

1611, by the name of ."Vgamenticus ; the next year a new charter was 
granted, giving it the name of Gorgiana; Thomas Gorges was ap- 
pointed the first mayor by the charter. This tax exhibits the relative 
value of the settlements in Maine at that time, if Casco were fully 
taxed, of which, from its having a separate government, there may bo 
some doubt. 

II Vines must have had one daughter at least. I find a petition to 
Andros on Massachusetts files from \'ines Kllacott for Cousins* Island 
in Casco Bay, in which he styles himself a grandson of Capt. Richard 
Vines. 

% I think there must be some mistake in this name; I find no such 
|)erson in the province at that time; a Giles Roberts subsequently 
lived at Dhick Point. I have thought it probable that Francis Rob- 
inson was intended ; he was a respectable magistrate of Gorges' Court 
at this period, and lived at Saco. 

»» 2 M'inth., 2J6. 



ESTABLISHMENT OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT. 



31 



commissioners furtlier ordered that all the inhabitants of 
said province should yield obedience to Kigby ; and tlie 
(government of Massachusetts was required, in case of resist- 
ance, to render support to his autliority.* 

" Winthropf says tliat the decision of the commissioners 
brought the bounds of the patent to the sea-side, when by 
the hmguage of it, it fell twenty miles short : this explains 
what he before said in speaking of the evidence adduced 
by Cleaves in support of Rigby's title, that the grant did 
not cover the disputed territory. 

"This decree was the result of political events in Eng- 
land ; the republican party was now triumphant, and Gor- 
ges, who had been taken prisoner at the siege of Bristol in 
1G45, and imprisoned, was probably now dead:.! although, 
why the title to the province of Ligonia was not good, as 
to the soil at least, may be difficult to comprehend. The 
patent bears date previous to the title of Gorges, setting 
aside the grant of 1G22, which appears never to have been 
executed ; the proprietors came over and took possession, 
and no evidence remains that the patent was ever relin- 
quished, or the title revoked. But the sovereignty or the 
right of government is placed on a different ground, and 
not having been transferred to the proprietors that we have 
any evidence of, must have reverted to the king, with the 
surrender of the grand patent by the Council of Plymouth. 
The question then arises, whether the charter of the king 
to Gorges, conveyed the riglit of government to him within 
the province of Ligonia, which was then held under 
another and distinct title. But this (juestion we shall not 
stop to discuss. 

" Cleaves, now triumphant over his adversaries, assumed 
undisputed sway in the whole province of Ligonia, extend- 
ing from Cape Porpoise to Cape Elizabeth, including both. 
Under this government were the settlements at Cape Por- 
poise, Winter Harbor and Saco, Black and Blue Points, now 
Scarborough, Spurwink, Ilichmond's Island, and Casco. 
Saco was the largest, and the next, those of Spurwink and 
Ilichmond's Island. He immediately commenced making 
grants in liis newly acquired territory : as early as 3Iay, 
16-17, he granted to Richard Moore four hundred acres in 
Cape Porpoise, and in September of the same year he con- 
veyed to John Bush a tract ' in the village of Cape Por- 
pus ;' he also made grants in Scarborough and Falmouth, 
all of them as the agent of Col. Alexander lligby, presi- 
dent and proprietor of the province of Ligonia. § 

" Records of only three courts held by Cleaves are now 
to be found, and these are very imperfect ; one relates to a 
court held at Black Point, by George Cleaves, Henry Jooe- 
lyn, and Robert Jordan, in which merely the appointment 
of an administrator is noticed; and the others held at 
Casco, ill September and December of the same year, ex- 
hibit the proceedings which took place on the petition of 
Robert Jordan, the executor of John Winter, for the 
allowance of his claim against Trelawny. The style of 

* Sullivan, 314, who cites an ancient British manuscript. 

t 2. S20. 

i lu June, 1G47, Gorges' friends, in the western part uf the Stiitc, 
addressed a letter to his Iiehs. 

I Rigby was a sergeant at law, and one of the Barons of the E.i- 
chequer in the kingdom of England; Cleaves was styled deputy 
prtsidint. 



the court, as we learn from Jordan's petition, was the 
' General Assembly of the Province of Ligonia.' AVe owe 
the preservation of this record to the vigilance of private 
interest, and not to the care of public officers. The re- 
peated changes in government, the confusion of the times, 
but most of all, the desolation spread over the whole eastern 
country by Indian hostilities, have been fatal to the pres- 
ervation of any perfect records either of the courts or towns. 

"INDEPENDENT GOVERNMENT. 

" After the decision which separated Ligonia fioni the 
province of Maine, and the death of Gorges, the people in 
the western part of the State, in 1649, formed a combina- 
tion for their own government, and elected Edward God- 
frey their Governor ;|| the first General Court under this 
combination was held at Gorgiana (York), in July of that 
year. In consequence of the state of affairs in England, 
which deprived them of the aid of their chief proprietor, 
they petitioned parliament in 1651, to take them under 
their protection and confirm their independent govern- 
ment ;f but parliament not regarding their petition, they 
were obliged in 1652 to submit to the jurisdiction of Mas- 
sachusetts. Hutchinson, speaking of this period and this 
province, says, ' the people were in confusion and the au- 
thority of government at an end.'** 

" We have no means of determining with precision how 
the government in Ligonia was constituted. We find a 
general assembly in existence, and suppose it was formed 
upon tlie plan of that in Massachusetts, or of that proposed 
by Gorges : that is, by assistants or counselors appointed 
by the president or his deputy, and deputies chosen by the 
people. In fact Edward Rigby, son of Alexander, in a 
letter written in 1G52 to the province, speaks of the six 
assistants and the judges. The proceedings of the assembly 
in September, 1648, are subscribed by George Cleaves, 
deputy president, Wm. Royall, Henry Watts, John Cossons, 
Peter Hill, and Robert Booth.-jf We meet with nothing in 
the records which indicate that the affairs of the province 
were not correctly administered, and conducted without 
confusion or interruption, until the death of Rigby, the 
chief proprietor, which took place in August, 1G50.J::}: After 
the news of this event, the old opposition to Rigby's govern- 
ment was revived, and we may conjecture iVom Edward 
Rigby's letter, before referred to, that the object of the 
opposition was to form a comhinutiuii and establish an 
independent government ; he writes, that if they do ' not 
desist from their private and secret combinations and prac- 
tices and join with him, his deputy and other officers for 
the peace of the province, he will take such course as shall 
not only force a submission, but also a reparation for all 
their mi.sdeeds.' This letter was dated London, July 19, 
1G52, and addressed to ' 5Ir. Henry Joceling, Mr. Robert 
Jordan, Mr. Arthur Macworth, Mr. Thomas Williams, as 
also to Robert Booth, Morgan Howell, John Wadleigh, 

II Sul., 320. ; 1 Mass. II. Col. 
fSul., 322. 
«s 1 Hut., IC3. 

tf Royall and Cossons were from ^Vestcustogo, now Xorlh Yarmouth, 
Hill and ISiioth were from Saco, and AVatts from Scarborough. 
tt 1 Ilaz., o70; Sul., 317. 



32 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTV, MAINE. 



Jonas Bailey, Tliomas Morris, Hugh IMosler, and to all 
others whom these may coneern, these present in Li;;onia.'* 
It appears by this letter, that Cleaves was then in England, 
for he says, ' I shall with all convenient speed, not only 
send lack Mr. Cfcavci, but a near kinsman of my own.' 

" How the government was conducted after this time we 
have no moans of ascertaining; Cleaves did not return until 
after Feb. 20, 1G53, and although the majority of the 
inhabitants of Cape Porpoise and Saco submitted to the 
jurisdiction of JIas.*achusctts, in 1()52, he contrived to keep 
up some show of power in the eastern part of the province 
until the submission of the remaining inhabitants in 1G58. 

" JIassachusetts having now extended her jurisdiction to 
the Saco River, continued her exertions, without relaxation, 
to spread it over the whole of her claim. But she was 
resisted in the ca.stern part of the province, both upon 
political and religious grounds. The most influential men 
cast of Saco River were decidedly Episcopalian in their 
form of worship, and looked with dread upon the uncom- 
promising, and we may add, untolcrating spirit of the puritan 
government of JIa.ssachusetts. At the head of this party 
were Robert Jordan, Henry Jocelyn, and Arthur Macworth, 
all firm in the faith, po.ssessing great influence, and deter- 
mined to resist while there was hope of success. On the 
other hand, George Cleaves and others were stimulated iu 
their opposition by the possession of power which they 
were anxious to maintain. In 1654, Jordan was committed 
to prison in Boston, and, about the same time, he and 
Jocelyn were summoned by the General Court to appear 
before the commissioners at York, which they declined 
doing; in 1G57 a letter was addressed to them by ihc 
government, but without efl"oct, urging them to meet their 
commissioners at York ' appointed for settling government 
in the eastern parts. '| 

"In 1055, Cleaves went to Boston in behalf of the in- 
habitants of Ligonia to protest against the proceedings of 
Mas.sachusetts. On the 24th of October the government 
returned him a formal answer, in which they urged their 
claim, exhibiting their patent and the report of the persons 
who had surveyed their bounds ; they stated that they de- 
sired to treat the inhabitants of the province which fell 
within their limits with civility and friendship, but insisted 
on their right to the jurisdiction over the territory to their 
utmost eastern limits. They say, — 

" ' Wc have not endeavored to infringe the liberties of the planters 
of tkotic lands, but have oflfercd them the sauic with ourselves, nor to 
cnrieh or case ourselves by t-.ixing their estates, we e.\pcct no more 
than what they formerly did, viz., to bear their own charges; nor do 
wc seek to put upon theui lliat which we ourselves would count un- 
equal, viz., to be subject to such laws and constitutions ujade by others 
without their consent.';^ 

"In August, 1G56, sevcntj-one persons, inhabitants of 
Saco, Cape I'oipoise, Well.s, York, and Kittery addressed a 
petition to Cromwell, praying to be continued under the 
government of Massachusetts, alleging that they were 'a 

• WilliomB and Booth lived in Saco, and submitted to Massachusetts 
in IfiiH; Howell lived in Cape Porpoise, and Wadleigh in Wells, and 
they severally submitted in I0j3. Morris and Mosicr lived in Caseo 
Uay,«n I liailcy at ISIack Point. 

■j- Massachusetts Uccords. 

* I Ilai., 5113. 



people few in number, and those not competent to manage 
weighty affairs, our weakness occasioning distraction, our 
paucity divi.-ion, our meanne.ss contempt.'§ 

"In 1G57, the General Court appointed new eommi.ssion- 
crs, and issued a new summons to the inhabitants east of Saco 
River to meet them at York, which they failing to do, the 
commissioners issued another notice requiring the inhabi- 
tants to appear at the General Court to be held in Boston, 
Oct. 14, 1G57. But instead of regarding this suminons. 
Cleaves sent in a paper, ' wherein he declared,' as the court 
in their records state, ' against the legality of their proceed- 
ings and the resolution of the inhabitants to deny submission 
to them.' The court then add,— 

** ' We do hereby declare our right and claim to those parts, nnd the 
injurious refusal of the inhabitants there, concerning which wc shall 
seriously advise what for the future may be most expedient for us, 
yit/nr the pre/ientj judge it best to Htircease any further pyonecHtiuii.']] 

" Notwithstanding this declaration, they did not long 
' surcease' further to prosecute their claim ; for iu May fol- 
lowing (1658) they appointed comiuissioners to proceed to 
the disputed terri/ori/ to receive the submission of the in- 
habitants. The commissioners were rerjuired '■ to repair to 
Black Point, Richmond's Island, and Casco, or some such 
one place, within the county of York, as they shall judge 
meet, there to take in the inhabitants thereof into our 
jurisdiction.'^ The commissioners in their return say, 
that having issued summonses to all the inhabitants resid- 
ing within the line proposed to appear before them, 



(Icliate 



WU 



removal of some 

doubts, and our tendering some acts of f.ivor and ]>rivilege to them, 
the good hand of God guiding therein, by a joint consent, we mutually 
accorded in a free and comfortub'e close. '^^■•' 

"The form of submission was as follows: 

'" Wc, the inhabitants of Blsick Point, Blue Point, Spurwink, and 
Casco Bay, with all the islands thereunto belonging, do own and ac- 
knowledge ourselves to be subject to the government of Massachusetts 
Bay, in northeast, as appears by our particular subscriptions in refer- 
ence to those articles formerly granted to Dover, Kittery, and York, 
which are now granted and confirmed unto us, together with some ad- 
diiions as upon record doth appear.' 

" This was signed by twenty-nine persons, of whom the 
thirteen following lived in Falmouth, viz. : Francis Small, 
Nicholas White, Thomas Standford, Robert Corbin, Na- 
thaniel Wallis, John Wallis, George Lewis, John Phillips, 
George Cleaves, Robert Jordan, Francis Neale, Michael 
Mitton, Richard Martin. The remainder, with the excep- 
tion of John Bonighton, who lived in Saco, were inhabi- 
tants of Black and Blue Points. 

" The following is the substance of the articles of agree- 
ment entered into between the inhabitants and the cotuinis- 
sioncrs, and may be found at large on York Records :f-j" 

" 1. The obligations entered into were to be void if the 
jurisdiction of Massachusetts was not allowed by the govern- 
ment of England. 

" 2. Indemnity and oblivion ' frccl^' granted.' 

f Ilaz., COS. 
II Massachusetts Files. 
% Ma.'isachusetts Records. 
« Ibid. 

+t B. i., p. 78. The first volume of the collections of the Maine His- 
torical .Society will also contain this document. 



ESTABLISHMENT OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT. 



33 



"3. The priv'ilejjes granted to Dover, Portsmoutli, Kit- 
tery, Wells, and Saco, granted to the people here. 

"4. In appeals to Boston, the appellant to have cost if 
he recover, if not, to pay treble cost. 

" 5. To have copies furnished them of the privileges 
granted Dover, etc. 

" 6. Their civil j^'ivilec/es not to lie Jorftitt-d for differ- 
ences in religion, ' but their regulations therein must be 
according to penal laws.' 

" 7. Those places formerly called Black Point, Blue 
Point, and Stratton's Islands henceforth to be called Scur- 
horoiigli. 

" 8. ' Those places formerly called Spurwink and Casco 
Bay from the east side of Spurwink Kiver to the Clap- 
board Islands in Casco Bay, shall run back eight miles into 
the country, and lienccforth shall be called hi/ the name of 
FalmDiilli! 

" 9. Falmouth and Scarborough shall immediately estab- 
lish their bounds. 

"10. 'The towns of Falmoutli and Scarborough shall 
have commission courts to try causes as high as fifty 
pounds.' 

"11. The two towns of Scarborough and Falmouth are 
to send one deputy yearly to the court of election, and have 
liberty to send two if they see cause. 

" 12. The name Yorkshire is given to so much of the 
former province of Maine as fell under the jurisdiction of 
Massachusetts, and in consideration of its extent, and the 
difiiculty of obtaining tiie presence here of any of the assist- 
ants, it is granted : 

" ' 1. That with the consent of the inhabitants of the aforesaid towns 
of Scarborough and Falmouth, we do constitute and appoint the right 
trusty Hinry Jocelyn, Esq., Mr. Robert Jordan, Mr. George Cleaves, 
Mr. Henry Watts, and Mr. Francis Neale commissioners for the year 
ensuing, invested with full power, or any three of them, for the trial 
of all causes without a jury within the liberties of Scarborough and 
Falmouth, not exceeding the value of fifty pounds, and every one of 
said commissioners have granted them m.agistratical power to hear 
and determine small causes, as other magistrates and assistants, 
whether they be of a civil or of a criminal nature." 

" Any of said commissioners were authorized to grant 
warrants, examine offenders, commit to prison, administer 
oaths, and to solemnize marriages, and any three of them were 
empowered to commission 'military officers under the degree 
of a captain.' Jocelyn Jordan, Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, 
Mr. Edward Rishworth, and Mr. Abraham Preble were in- 
vested with ' magistratical power throughout the whole 
county of York.' Five associates were authorized to be 
diofjcn yearly for the county courts, instead of three, and a 
court was appointed to be held in September of every year 
at Saco or Scarborough, as well as at York.* 

"These and some other regulations, not important to be 
noticed, having been adopted, and the commissioners having 
declared that ' the change of the government hath made no 
change in any man's former right, whether in respect of 
lands, chattels, goods, or any other estate whatsoever,' they 
adjourned on the IGth of July, 1G58." 

PURCHASE OF M.\I.\E BY MASSACHUSETTS. 

In 1676 the jurisdiction of Massachusetts over Slaine 
and New Hampshire was annulled. The enemies of the 



colony in England had besieged the ear of the king and so 
far abused it as to create a prejudice which gave the inhab- 
itants on this side of the Atlantic no little uneasiness. A 
quo warranto was i.ssued, and they were required by a let- 
ter from the king, dated March 10, 1676, to send over 
agents to answer the charges exhibited against them. They 
were so far successful as to procure a confirmation of tlie 
charter with its original bounds, but the jurisdiction of 
Massachusetts over JIaine and New Hampshire was an- 
nulled, and tho.se provinces respectively restored to the 
heirs of Gorges and Mason. 

When this decision reached the colony, its government, 
ever watchful over its interests, immediately took measures 
to secure the province of Maine by purchase. For this 
purpose they employed John Usher, a merchant of Boston, 
to negotiate with Mr. Gorges, a grandson of Sir Ferdi- 
nando, for the purchase of his property. The undertaking 
was successfully accomplished, and U.-her received a deed 
of the whole province from Piscata(|ua to Sagadahoc, in 
1677, which, on the 15th of March, 1 67 8, he by inden- 
ture conveyed to the government and company of Massa- 
chusetts for twelve hundred and fifty pounds sterling. 

This ended all controversy between Massachu.setts and 
the Gorges family respecting the soil and government of 
Maine ; but not so with the English government, to whom 
the transaction gave great offense. The latter contended 
that the jurisdiction over a colony or province was inalien^ 
able, and that by the conveyance, although Massachusetts 
might have acquired a right to the soil, she acquired none 
to the government, which consequently reverted to the 
crown. And they went so far as to require an assignment 
of the province from Massachusetts on being repaid the 
purchase-money. But the government of the colony kept 
steady to their purpose, justified their purchase as having 
been done by the desire of the inhabitants, and were 
wholly silent on the subject of the reconveyance."}" The 
subject was continually agitated until it was finally settled 
by the charter of 1601, which not only included the prov- 
ince of Maine, but the more remote province of Sagada- 
hoc, and carried the eastern boundary of Massachusetts to 
the western limits of Nova Scotia. 

" After the purchase of Maine, many persons in Massa- 
chusetts were desirous of selling the province to defray the 
expense of defending it during the late war, which was 
estimated at eight thousand pounds. A committee of the 
General Court was appointed for this purpose, but the vote 
was reconsidered before any further measures were taken 
on the subject. 

'' It now became necessary to adopt a new form of gov- 
ernment for the province, since the jurisdiction was no 
longer claimed as a matter of right under the patent of 
Massachusetts, but as proprietor by right of purchase. 
She was no longer to be represented in the General Court 
as an integral part of her chartered territory, but a local 
proprietary government was to be established over the 
province, such as was authorized by the charter to Gorges. 

" In pursuance of this plan, Thomas Danforth, then 

t The agents in I(JS2 wore authorized to give up the deeds of Maine 
if it would be the means of saving the charter; otherwise not. 1 
Hutch., 303. The sacrifice did not become necessary. 



34 



HISTORY OF CUMHEKLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



cxercisiujr the office of deputy Governor of Massachusetts, 
was appointed President of Maine in 1G79, and invested 
with powers for its j;overnnicnt in subordination to its new 
proprietor. He repaired to York in March, 1080, pro- 
chiiuied his autliorily, exhibited liis coniuiission, and con- 
stituted a government composed of a deputy President, a 
Council, and an Assembly con.sisting of the representatives 
of tlie jieople. Tlie first General Assembly was held Marcli 
30, ICSO, at Y'ork. 

" It cannot be disguised that this state of things was not 
agreeable to many jwrsons in the province, and they did not 
cordially submit to it. In 1G80 a petition was transmitted 
to tlie king, signed by one hundred and fifteen persons 
living in different parts of the province, remonstrating 
against the new government, and praying to be restored to 
his immediate authority. Sixteen at least of the petition- 
ers lived in Falmouth. They complain of the imposition 
of a tax of three thousand pounds upon the three towns of 
Wells, Kittery, and York, as an intolerable burden after 
the heavy losses sustained during the late Indian war. 

" In the first General Assembly all the towns in the 
province were represented but Cape Porpoise, Scarborough, 
and Falmouth ; Walter Gendall appeared from the latter 
town, but having no certificate of his election was not al- 
lowed a seat. Anthony Brackett was appointed by the 
court Lieutenant of Falnujuth, and Thadileus Clarke En- 
si-iii." 



CHAPTER VI. 

THE FIRST INDIAN WAR, 1675. 

Plunder of the House of Thomas Purchase — Kight at New Meadows 
— Attack on Spurwink nnd Falmouth — Ca|iture and Escape of the 
Bracketts — Surrender of the Uarrison at Black Point — The Settle- 
ments Deserted — Treaty with the Indians^Sketch of tlie Prisoners 
—Trial of Walter ticndall. 

The occasion of the outbreak of hostilities on the Ken- 
nebec was a precautionary attempt to disarm the Indians in 
that section, on the reception of the news of King Philip's 
war. The Indians began to suspect that the object of the 
English was to deprive them of the lueans of their subsist- 
ence, and by degrees to take their land from them. They 
had also acijuired a strong prejudice against Thomas Pur- 
chase, who liad for many years been trading aniQng tliem 
and whom they charged with wronging them in his bar- 
gains. Hence they made their first attack upon his house 
early in September, 1G75. Purchase, however, was absent 
from home, and the savages contented themselves with 
plundering the preiuises. They took what weapons, pow- 
der, and li()uor they could find, rijipcd up the feather-beds 
for tiie sake of the ticking, killed a calf and several sheep, 
and proceeded to make merry. Purchase's son returned 
home wiiilc this was going on, and being discovered by the 
Indians, was obliged to flee for his life. He was followed 
for some distance by an Indian vikh a gun, but succeeded 
in making his e.scajie. The jiarly offered no violence to any 
one in the house, but told them that others would ciinoand 
treat them woi-sc. 



Some few days after this occurrence, a party of twenty- 
five settlers having collected for the purpose, went in a 
sloop and two boats to New Meadows River, near the house 
of Mr. Purchase, to gather and secure the growing crops, 
and also to reconnoitre. Here they found a number of In- 
dians jiillaging the neighboring hou.ses. In attempting to 
get between the Indians and the woods, they came upon 
three of tlicir spies. One of these they shot while he was 
attempting to reach the river; the second was wounded, 
but escaped across the stream to a canoe ; the third escaped 
and gave the alarm. The Indians, however, remained con- 
cealed until the corn was all gathered and the boats loaded, 
when they suddenly gave their war-whoop, rushed upon the 
men, wounded several, and carried off the boat-loads of corn 
in triumph. Some time in the next year Purchase's house 
was burned, and he was compelled to leave.* 

This attack upon them without justification removed 
from the Indians all restraint. They had seen the blood of 
their companions causelessly shed, and they now only sought 
opportunities for revenge. The houses in every plantation 
were so much scattered, rendering it necessary to garrison 
so many different points, that little could be done in the 
way of fortification, but the able-bodied men were formed 
into train-bands, and were constantly on the lookout. About 
this time a company of Indiaus visited Falmouth, and a 
son of George Ingersoll and another man were killed by 
them as they were out fowling. Several houses were burnt, 
among others that of Lieut. Ingersoll ; several at Capisic, 
and Robert, Jordan's, at Spurwink. Mr. Jordan had barely 
time to escape from his house when it was destroyed with 
all its contents. Ambrose Boaden, Sr., who lived on the 
west side of the river op]iosite Jordan's, was probably killed 
at the same time. 

It is estimated that from the beginning of August till 
the end of November, 1(J75, there were killed in the prov- 
ince about fifty English and over ninety Indians.| In No- 
vember, the government of Massachusetts organized a force 
to attack the remote Indian settlements at Ossipce and 
Perjuawkett, with a view of disabling them from renewing 
their depredations in the spring ; but this was prevented by 
the severity of the winter, the snow falling by the 10th of 
December to the depth of four feet in the woods, and the 
privations of the Indians compelling them to sue for peace. 
They repaired in quite a large body to Maj. Waldron, at 
Dover, where terms were mutually agreed upon, but the 
fitful truce was only of .short duration. Hostilities were re- 
newed in a more fearful form early the next summer, by the 
Suco and Androscoi/ijin Indians, assisted by the scattered 
intermediate tribes. The chief Sijuando, of Saco, was one 
of the most artful and daring leader.s. The Andiosaiggiits 
were commanded by the famous sagamore, Robinhood. 
The I'eniibsLots were subsequently engaged in the war under 
Mugg and Madokawando, and performed their full share 
of the work of desolation and death upon the defenseless 
inhabitants of the frontiers. 

At the comnuneemeiit of the war there were over forty 
families in Falmouth, the names and locations of must of 



iMaiiio liistoricul Collections, iii., p. :!|j. 
t Willi,- lli-t,„ v of I'orlhind, p. I'.IS 



THE FlilST INDIAN WAR, 1075. 



:35 



whom we have given in the histoi-y of the town in anotlier 
part of this woik. 

After the destruction of the Wakely family and tiie mur- 
der of young Ingersoll, many families left the place and 
sought refuge in the more thickly-settled and secure parts 
of the country. The Jordan family went to Piscataqua, 
James Andrews and his mother Mackworth went to Bos- 
ton, and John Phillips to Kittery. The larger number, 
however, went to Salem, where tliey were afterwards, by 
vote of the town, admitted with their families to citizen- 
ship. The vote was taken on the 11th day of January, 
167(5, and is recorded as follows: "These persons above 
named, being driven from their liabitations by the barbarous 
heathen, are admitted as inhabitants into the town, they 
most of them informing that they have provisions for them- 
selves and families for one year."* The persons thus re- 
ceived were George Ingersoll, George Ingersoll, Jr., John 
Skillings, Goodman Standford, Jolin Wallis, Francis Neale, 
and Jenkin Williams, besides several from Saco and other 
towns of the province, to the number of twenty-one. 

" By this withdrawal from the scene of action the vic- 
tims of the tomahawk were considerably reduced, but still 
enough were left to keep the knife of the sacrifice deeply 
tinged." The war broke out again in the summer of 1076, 
on a more extended scale. All the tribes from the Pis- 
cataqua to the Penob.scot were engaged in it. The Indians 
had various pretexts for the renewal of liostilities, but the 
real cause was the influence of the disaflFected Narragansctt 
Indians, who, smarting under the loss of their property, 
had proceeded eastward and fomented a spirit of hostility 
among the eastern tribes. A noted Indian, Simon, who 
had not long before escaped from prison in Dover, where 
he had been confined for his former murders, made his way 
to Falmouth by means of a counterfeit pass, which he had 
ingeniously provided himself with, and here he insinuated 
himself into the confidence of Brackett, who lived upon a 
large farm at Back Cove. On the 9th of August, some of 
the neighboring Indians had killed one of Brackett's cows, 
and Simon offered to bring the oiTenders to him for punish- 
ment, which he pretended to do early on the morning of the 
11th ; but the Indians whom he brought were a party of 
his own confederates, who. immediately entered Brackett's 
house and took all the guns they could find, giving 
Brackett the choice either of serving them or being in- 
stantly killed. He chose the former alternative. The In- 
dians then bound him and his wife and negro servant, and 
carried away their five children. Nathaniel Mitton, a 
brother of Brackett's wife, made some resistance and was 
killed on the spot. From Brackett's the party proceeded 
round the Cove to the Presumpscot lliver, where they 
killed Robert Corbin, Humphrey Durham, and Benjamin 
Atwoll, who were engaged in making hay on Corbin's farm. 
Corbin's wife, with the wife of one of the others, and chil- 
dren of the third, who, being in one of the neighboring 
houses and hearing the alarm, had escaped in a canoe, were 
overtaken and captured ; also James Ross, the constable of 
the town, with his wife and children. The Indians pro- 
ceeded to other houses in the vicinity, where they killed 

"*■ Salem town records, quoted by Willis. 



some of the inhabitants ami made captives of others. The 
alarm was immediately communicated to another part of the 
town by Richard Pike, who resided on the west side of 
Mussel Cove. Pike and another man were in a boat on 
tlie river a little above Corbin's house when they heard the 
report of the guns ; they immediately turned back and saw 
an English boy ruiming towards the river in groat haste, and 
a volley of shot was fired which passed over tiicir heads. 

Simon hailed them to come on shore, but they hurried 
down the river and warned the people to escape to the 
garri.son-house, and such as could not escape, to fire upon 
the Indians who were coming against tliem. Some of the 
Indians pa.ssed over to the Neck, where they sliot John 
Munjoy, the eldest son of George Munjoy, and Isaac 
Wakely. Three men going to the harvest-field of An- 
thony Brackett, .saw Thomas Brackett shot down and his 
wife and children taken. They then made their escape to 
Munjoy's garrison at the lower end of the Neck, which 
had become a place of refuge. But this place being 
deemed insecure, the refugees abandoned it and fled to 
Bang's Island, at the mouth of the harbor. From this 
place Mr. Burroughs immediately wrote to Henry Jocelyn 
at Biack Point (Scarborough) for succor. After they had 
secured themselves upon the island, they recollected that a 
quantity- of powder had been left in one of the places in 
town, and needing it, as well as fearing it would fall into 
the hands of the enemy, they made an attempt to secure 
it, which they succeeded in doing, bringing away one barrel 
from the house of Mr. Willis. The next day George Lewis, 
George Felt, and some others, who had been overlooked by 
the murderous band in their work of destruction, arrived 
safely at the island. In this attack upon the town thirty- 
four persons were killed and taken captive. The following 
names of the killed are given in " Willis' History of Port- 
land" : Benjamin Atwell, Thomas Brackett, Robert Corbin, 
Humphrey Dearborn, Nathaniel Mitton, John Munjoy, and 
Isaac Wakely. The same authority gives the prisoners as 
follows: Anthony Brackett, his wife, five children, and 
negro servant ; Thomas Brackett, wife, and three children ; 
Corbin's wife; the wife of Atwell or Dearborn, the children 
of the other, and James Ross, with his wife and children : 
making seventeen persons, exclusive of the unknown 
number of children in the fiimilies of Ross and Atwell or 
Dearborn. Others were killed and captured whose names 
are not mentioned. 

The Indians proceeded with their captives from Fal- 
mouth to the Kennebec River. On the 14th of August 
the war began in that quarter, in the first scenes of which 
the Indians of this locality were probably not engaged. 
Richard Hammond's house was attacked on that day, and 
he and Samuel Smith and Joshua Grant were killed. The 
Indians then divided ; eleven went up the river and cap- 
tured Francis Card and his family, while the remainder 
went to Arrowsic Island, now Georgetown, took tiie fort 
by surprise, killed Capt. Thomas Lake, one of the chief 
proprietors, with many others, and wounded several, among 
whom was Capt. Silvanus Davis, afterwards a prominent 
inhabitant of Falmouth. Here they were joined by the 
Indians from Falmouth and those who went up the river 
and laid plans for future depredations. On this occasion 



36 



HISTORY OF CUMBJiRLAiND COUNTY, MAINK. 



Aiitliony Brackett aiiJ liis family escaped out of their hands 
by nieaiis of an old birch canoe which his wife repaired 
with a needle and thread found in a deserted house. Hub- 
bard says, — 

" In tli»t old rainoc llifv croesed a wiiter eight or nine miles broad, 
and when they ciimo on the south side of the buy, they might h:ive 
been in as nuich danger of other Indians that luid hUely been about 
Hb»ck Point and had taken it; but they were newly gone; so things 
on all sitles thus concurring to help forward their deliverance, they 
came safely to lilack Point, where also they met with a vessel bound 
for Piseataf|ua, that came into that harbor but a few hours before they 
came thither, by which means they arrived safe in l^iscataqua Uiver 
soon after." 

On the 28d of September, a imniber of those persons 
who liad been driven from Casco and the vicinity, being 
forced by the distress which tlieir families wore suiferinjr 
for the necessaries of life, ventured to go upon Munjoy's 
Island* to procure provisions, there being a number of 
sheep there. They had scarcely landed (six or seven 
ii)en) when the Indians fell suddenly upon them, and 
although they defended themselves with desperate cour- 
age from the ruins of a stone house to which they had 
retreated, yet they were all destroyed. George Felt 
was one of them, and was iiiucli lamented. He was a 
useful and enterprising man, and had been more active 
ag:iinst the Indians than any other in the vicinity. He 
left a family who moved to Chelsea, in which neighbor- 
hood his descendants are yet living. His wife was a 
daughter of Jane Macworth, by whom he had three sons, 
George, Samuel, and Jonathan. 

As soon as news of hostilities reached the government 
of Ma.ssachusetts, measures were taken to afford protection 
and assistance to the inhabitants. The government dis- 
patched one hundred and thirty English and forty fiietidly 
Indians, under command of Capts. Hawthorn, Sill, and 
Hunting, who were to be joined by such forces as could 
be raised in the province. They proceeded by the coast 
to Falmouth, where the headquarters of the enemy were 
supposed to be. They arrived at Casco Bay on the 20th 
of September, and although every plantation west of it 
had suffered depredations from the enemy, they met with 
but two Indians on their march. One they killed, and the 
other escaped at Falmouth to Back Cove and warned his 
comrades of the approach of the forces. They had been 
heard a short time before threshing in Anthony Brackett's 
barn, but they had all disappeared. This expedition efTeeted 
no permanent advantage; wherever the troops appeared the 
enemy fled from their presence. 

The forces left this part of the country about the begin- 
ning of October, and about a week afterwards the Indians 
rallied one hundred strong, atid on the 12th of October 
made an assault upon Black Point. The inhabitants had 
collected in the garrison of Henry Jocelyn, who endeavored 
to negotiate a treaty with Mugg for their safe retreat. 
But when he •returned from this service to the garrison, 
)ie found that the inhabitants had all fled, and carried their 
property with them, so that he was left alone with his 
family imd .servants, and w:is obliged to surrender at dis- 
cretion. 

They next proceeded to Richmond's Island. A vessel 

• Now Peak's Island. 



was lying here belonging to Mr. Fryer, of Portsmouth, 
which had been sent, by the solicitation of Walter Gendall, 
to preserve the property upon the island. While they 
were engaged in this duty they were attacked by a multi- 
tude of the enemy. Owing to the unfavorable state of the 
wind, they were unable to get their vessel out of the 
harbor. The enemy .seized the advantage and proceeded 
to cut the cable of the vessel, while part of them stood 
ready to shoot down every man who appeared on her deck 
to render any a.ssistance. Under these circumstances the 
vessel was driven on shore, and the crew, consisting of 
eleven persons, were taken prisoners. Among them was 
James Fryer, son of the owner, a respectable young man 
of Portsmouth, who afterwards died of wounds received in 
that engagement ; also Walter Gendall, who became of 
service to the enemy as interpreter and messenger. 

The affair at Richmond's Lsland was the last in this 
quarter during the war, and it may truly be said to have 
ceased here for the want of victims to feed upon. Mugg, 
who had led the Indians in the two last attacks, seemed 
now to be desirous of peace, and for that purpose went to 
Portsmouth on the 1st of November, t;iking James Fryer, 
and offered to enter into a treaty. The commanding officer 
there not being authorized to negotiate, sent hini to Boston, 
where, on the Gth of November, articles of pacificatiou were 
entered into witii the government by Mugg, in behalf 
of Madokawando and Cheberina, sachems of Penobscot. 
Mugg, as a pledge of his fidelity, consented to remain a 
hostage until the property and captives were restored. 

There was great reluctance on the part of the Indians to 
comply with the treaty, and on one pretext and anotlier 
they evaded the principal articles. The attempt at peace 
in the latter part of 1676 proved unsuccessful, and the war 
was continued through the next year, spending its force prin- 
cipally in the western part of the province. Simon, who com- 
menced the tragedy at Casco, was not idle in its closing 
scenes. On the 16th of May a party under Mugg attacked 
the garrison at Black Point, which was resolutely defended 
for three days, in the latter of which the active leader of 
the besiegers having been killed, the siege was precipitately 
abandoned. This ill success was, however, avenged on the 
same spot in the following month, when a large force hav- 
ing been sent there without any experience in the kind of 
warfare, were drawn into an ambuscade and nearly idl de- 
stroyed. 

In the summer the enemy were checked near the seat of 
their power by the interference of Maj. Andros, Governor 
of New York, who sent a force to protect the interest of 
the Duke of York in his province. He established a 
strong garrison at Pemaquid, which overawed the Indians 
of that neighborhood, and the next spring they made pro- 
posals to the government for peace. The commissioners 
appointed to treat with theiu — Messrs. SIniplcigh and 
Champeroon, of Kittery, and Fryer, of Portsmouth — pro- 
ceeded to Casco, where they met the Indians, and mutually 
signed articles of peace on the 12th of April, 1678. 

By this treaty the people were permitted to return to 
their Iiabitations, and it was agreed that they should occupy 
them without molestation, paying annually to the Indians 
a tribute of oue peck of corn for each family, except Maj. 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR, 1688. 



37 



Pendleton, of Saco, who, having a large estate, was required 
to pay one bushel annually. The captives were all returned, 
and an end was put to a relentless war in which whole fam- 
ilies were sacrificed, human nature exposed to detestable 
cruelties, and property wantonly destroyed. 

We give from " Willis' History" the following brief notice 
of some of the persons from Falmouth who were taken cap- 
tives : 

" The wife of Anthony Bracket! peris-hed in the first year of her 
ciiptivity. She was Mary, a daughter of Michael Mitton; her chil- 
dren were Joshuji, who died in Greenland, and was father of Anthony 
and Joshua, who owned the large tract of land extending from Clark's 
Point across the Neck to Back Cove. Her other children were Sarah, 
who married John Hill, of Portsmouth, and Mary, who married 
Christopher Mitchell, of Kittery. They did not return to Falmouth. 
James Ross and his family were restored, and afterwards lived in Fal- 
mouth. Walter Gendall was suhseqiieutly an inhabitant of Falmouth, 
and then of North Yarmouth, where he was killed. He had exposed 
himself to suspicion, while a prisoner among the enemy, of having 
betrayed the English, and was tried for the otl'yuse at Boston, in Sep- 
tember, 1677. The record is as follows: 

" ' Walter Gendall, of or near Black Point, being presented and in- 
dicted by the grand jury,'and left to trial, was brought (o the bar and 
was indicted by the name of AV alter Gendall, for not having the fear 
of God before his eyeSy and being instigated by the devil, in the time 
of the war with the Indians, in a perfidious and treacherous way, 
against the inhabitanls of this colony's peace and safety, sought to 
bptray them into the enemy's hands by his endeavour and counsel, 
contrary to the peace of our sovereign lord the king, his crown, and 
dignity, and the law of tiiis commonwealth — To which indictment he 
pleaded not guilty, and referred himself for his trial to the bench. 
The magistrates having duly weighed the indictment and the evi- 
dences in the case produced against him, found him guilty of the in- 
dictment, and do therefore sentence him to run the guantelope through 
the military companies in Boston on the 10th inst., with a rope about 
his neck J that he forfeit all his lands to the country, and be banished 
out of this jurisprudence, to be gone by the 6th day of October next 
on penalty of perpetual imprisonment if he return again, and dis- 
charging the costs and charges of this prosecution.' 

''What was the nature of the offense for which this severe punishment; 
was inflicted does not appear: that there was some misinformation to 
the court about it, miiy be inferred from the fact that he was soon after 
restored to the possession of his lands and to public confidence. In 
July, 16S0, we find him acting as one of the commissioners of Fal- 
mouth ; in 16SI, he was appointed by President Danforth to regulate 
the settlement of North Yarmouth; in 1683, Fort Loyal, in Casco, 
was committed to his care, and in 168-4 he was a deputy to the Gen- 
eral Assembly of this province. Gendall's name occurs first in Fal- 
mouth as a juryman, in 1666; in 1669 he exchanged farms with 
Michael Madiver, of Black Point, and is then called ' Planter dwell- 
ing in the town of Falmouth.' June 3, 1680, he bought of * George 
Felt, Sr., of Casco, planter,' one hundred acres 'on the westward side 
of George Felt's ould house in Casco Bay ;' this tract adjoined Falmouth 
line, and was afterwards occupied by Gendall." 



CHAPTER VII. 

FBENCH AND INDIAN "WAH, 1688. 

Indian Allies of the French — Influence of the Missionaries and Agents 
—Efforts to Protect the Settlements— Death of A^Talter Gendall— 
Pemaquid Destroyed — Major Church and Two Vessels of War at 
Falmouth— Battle in Brackett's Orchard— Surprise and Slaughter 
of the English on Munjoy Hill — Fort Loyal taken — Destruction of 
Falmouth. 

The Indians of Maine, and particularly that portion of 
them east of the Kennebec Kiver, were allies of the French. 
The English, although they had at first been received by 
every token of friendship on the part of the savages, in 



many instances betrayed the confidence reposed in them, 
overreached tliem in trade, and by many acts of perfidy 
and injustice invoked their vengeance. It was no fault of 
the early settlers themselves, as a general rule, that they 
became the victims of savage cruelty, and that their homes 
were plundered and destroyed. The seeds which bore these 
natural fruits had been planted for thorn by the first Eng- 
lish navigators on the coast of New England. To add to 
this feeling of hostility, which was perpetuated by tradition 
among the Indians, and awakened by every fresh outrage 
perpetrated upon them by venal and unscrupulous traders, 
the French agents and missionaries lost no opportunity to 
excite in their minds the deepest hatred and animosity 
towards their English neighbors. " The Frencii," says 
Mr. Willis, " were more hostile to the English than the 
savages themselves, and, although they could not impart to 
their savage allies the same jealousies and the same motives 
of action, yet they could stimulate them by the hope of 
plunder, the love of revenge, and religious prejudices, to 
.stain their tomahawks in the blood of an inoffensive popu- 
lation." The French missionaries and other influential men 
of that nation residing among the Indians in the eastern 
part of Maine at this period had acquired an absolute in- 
fluence over their minds by addressing them through the 
terrors and hopes of religion, as well as by appealing to 
their temporal interests.* 

At this time the Baron de St. Castinc and the missionary 
Thury were residing on the Penobscot. Oastine had con- 
nected himself by marriage with the chief sachem of that 
country, and had formed a strong alliance with the tribes. 
The Engli.sh had plundered his property and claimed juris- 
diction over his estate. This was not merely a personal 
afi"ront, but a national quarrel, inasmuch as the English 
and French were rival claimants of the territory occupied 
by the baron, and the cause of the latter was espoused not 
only in Canada, but in Fiance itself. In this war, there- 
fore, the Indians may be regarded simply as the allies of 
the French. The missionary, in his zeal for the Catholic 
faith and the extension of the dominion of France, had 
taught his flock that by exterminating the whole English 
race from the soil they would be doing God's service, and 
they would thereby recover their ancient importance as 
masters and owners. It is not to be supposed that the In- 
dians were unwilling listeners to such preaching, or reluct- 
ant doers of the work which it commanded. The promised 
assistance from Canada rendered them bold and menacing, 
and they entered the houses of the inhabitants in an inso- 
lent and off'ensive manner. " They gave out that they 
would make war upon the English, and that they were 
animated to do so by the French. "f 

The Indians commenced operations in August, 1G88, by 
killin" cattle on the eastern plantations and threatening the 
lives of the people. Attempts were made to allay the dis- 
turbance. In September, Capt. Tyng wrote from Fal- 

» Bomazeen, a noted chief, told one of the Boston ministers that the 
French had taught the Indians that " the Lord Jesus Christ wius of 
the French nation, that his mother, the Virgin Jtury, was a French 
lady, and that it was the English who had murdered him."— .UuiA. 
May. 

t Hutchinson's Papers, Mass. Hist. Society's Coll. 



38 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTi', MAINE. 



uioutli that lie was engasjcid in a treaty witli the Indians, 
but feared tliat Casco would be the centre of trouble. The 
iiiaj;ist rates in Saco seized sixteen or twenty of those who 
had been the chief actors in that quarter during the last 
war, with a view of bringing their followers to a treaty and 
preventing the dreaded catastrophe. The leaders were sent 
under a guard to Falmouth. The Indians retaliated, rob- 
bing the English and taking prisoners. Mr. Stoughton, 
one of the (Jovernor's council, came on to Falmouth with 
troops, hoping to compromise and prevent the etfusion of 
blood, but was unsuccessful in this pacific purpose. The 
prisoners were ordered to Boston, and the inhabitants to 
protect themselves in garrisons. To carry out this latter 
order, Capt. Walter Gendall proceeded to North Yarmouth 
with a company of soldiers, in September, to construct 
stockades on both sides of Royal River, for the defense of 
that place. While there he was attacked by seventy or 
eighty Indians, and after a severe conflict, succeeded in 
chasing them away, with the lo.ss of several lives on both 
sides. This was the fir.st blood spilt in the war. In the 
evening Capt. Gendall and his servant crossed over the river 
and were both killed in an ambuscade. John Royall and 
another person were taken prisoners, but Royall was ran- 
somed by Baron St. Castine. 

Gov. Andros, hoping by mild measures to avert the 
impending calamity, released the Indians who had been 
arrested, and restored to them their arms without any con- 
dition as to the prisoners and property which had been 
taken in retaliation. On the 20th of October, ho issued a 
proclamation requiring them to deliver up their captives 
and surrender for trial those [lersons who had been con- 
cerned in the murder of the English. The measures of 
conciliation and the proclamation were alike ineffectual ; 
and early in November the Governor raised a force of about 
seven hundred men and marched through the country as 
far ea.st as Pemaquid. Here he established a garrison of 
thirty-six men of the standing force under command of 
Capt. Anthony Brackett and Lieut. Weems, and left two 
new companies of sixty men, each under command of 
Capts. Tyng and Miuot, for its defense. He also stationed 
garrisons at each of the settlements on the coast. The gar- 
rison at Falmouth consisted of sixty men under command 
of Capt. George Lockhart. The whole number of troops 
disposed of in this manner in Maine, and the province east 
of the Kennebec, was five hundred and sixty-eight, — a force 
sufficient to have protected the frontier, had it been per- 
mitted to occupy the stations wherein it had been dis- 
turbed. But the expedition was fruitless of any other good 
consequences, and in April, 1689, the authority of Gov. 
Andros was subverted by a popular excitement, which the 
j)eople afterwards had cause to regret, for the now govern- 
ment was weak and irresolute. 

In April, 1089, the Indians renewed their hostilities at 
Saco, but witliout doing much injury. In June Dover Wiis 
surpri.sod and Major Waldron cruelly murdered with several 
other inhabitants. In the course of the summer the Indians 
on the Penokscot were joined by the French, and .systematic 
operations commenced on the settlements east of Ca.sco Bay. 
Pema(|uid was taken, and all the inhabitants in that rcion 
driven from their homes. They sought protection under 



the fort at Falmouth. The fort was very insufficiently 
provided for both in respect to ammunition and provisions, 
and an appeal was made to the government by Messrs. 
Brackett, Townsend, and Ingersoll, which had the effect of 
arousing it from its lethargy ; and in August, Major Swain 
was sent by land with seven or eight companies, to protect 
the e:istern towns. Also, in September, Major Benjamin 
Church, who had done effective service in the Plymouth 
Colony in King Philip's war, arrived at Falmouth by 
water, having raised a force among his old soldiers, with 
some volunteer troops and friendly Indians. The instruc- 
tions to Major Church were signed by President Danforth, 
who had been restored to his government June 28th, and 
by the commissioners of the united colonies, Sept. 18, 
1689, and indicated that earnest work was intended. Two 
men-of-war and other small vessels for transportation ac- 
companied the expedition. It was agreed that the .soldiers 
should " have the benefit of the captives and all lawful 
plunder, and a reward of £8 per head for every fighting 
Indian man taken by them, over and above their stated 
wages." 

Church, on his arrival, immediately concocted with the 
chief men a plan of operations. The Indians were in con- 
siderable force in the vicinity of Falmouth.* At dawn of 
day, September 21st, they made their appearance upon An- 
thony Biackett's farm at B.ick Cove,f and upon Capt. 
Hall's company hastening forward an engagement took 
place in Brackett's orchard. Capt. Hull was soon sup- 
ported by the remainder of the English force stationed on 
the side of the creek, who galled the enemy by firing over 
the heads of Hall's soldiers. After maintaining the fight 
for some time in this manner, Church determined to attack 
the enemy in the rear, and, having communicated his plan 
to Capt. Hall, proceeded up the creek to the bridge which 
then crossed it, probably in the same place where one now 
stands. The enemy perceiving his object imiuediately re- 
treated, and he, supposing they had made for the bridge, or 
sought some other passage into the town, returned to the 
bridge, and finding no trace of them there, hastened 
across the ueck to the south side by Clark's Point, where, 
finding the cattle feeding quietly in Lieut. Clark's field, and 
perceiving no trace of the enemy, he hastily retraced his 
steps, and, " passing over the burnt land and through the 
brush," formed a junction with Capt. Hall's company, 
which had borne the brunt of the battle. He now gave 
orders for the whole army to pursue the enemy ; but, learn- 
ing that most of the ammunition that was suitable for the 
guns was .spent, he gave up his design and returned with 
the dead and wounded to the fort. The engagement had 
continued about six hours. Of Capt. Hall's soldiers six 
wore killed, viz., Thomas Burton, Edward Ebens, Thomiis 
Taxter, Thomas Berry, John Mason, and Diivid Holmes ; 
of Capt. Davis' company, two, viz., Giles Rowe and An- 
drew Alger, belonging to the garrison ; one Indian, a negro 
belonging to Col. Tyng, and Capt. Brackett, either killed 
or taken prisoners, — eleven in all. The wounded were, 
of Capt. Davis' company, James Freeze, Mr. Bramhall, 
Thomas Brown, and Mr. Palmer, inhabitants of Falmouth, 

* Judged to be three or four hundred- strong. 
J The furni hitcly owned by Jiiiu:s Peering. 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR, 1G88. 



and six friendly Indians, malcing a total of twenty-one 
killed and wounded. Freeze, Brauiliall, and one Indian 
died of their wounds after the battle. The loss of the In- 
dians is not known. They fled precipitately, and left be- 
hind them " evidences of having sustained considerable 
damage."* Willis says, " The enemy met with so warm a 
reception at Falmouth, and found the country so well pro- 
tected, that they retreated into their forests and committed 
no further depredations during the year." 

Uostilities, however, were only suspended till the next 
spring (1G90), when they were participated in more largely 
by the French. In the quaint language of Cotton Mather, 
they were '' half one and half t'other, half Indianized French 
and half Frenchified Indians." In February they had 
marched from Canada on the ice of Lake Champlain, and 
made a descent upon Schenectady, New York, destroying 
that place and killing about sixty persons. j" " On the 18th 
of March, another party commanded by Artel, a Frenchman, 
and Hopehood, " that memorable tygre," destroyed the 
settlement at Salmon Falls " with fire and sword." 

" Capi. Willard, an experienced officer from Salem, who 
had been stationed in Falmouth,J was ordered in February 
to pursue the enemy to their headi|uarters ; on his departure 
the command of the fort devolved upon Capt. Davis. It 
does not appear that there were any regular troops left here, 
and the defense of the place depended upon the courage and 
exertions of the inhabitants. While they were in this 
situation, a party of the French, some of whom had assisted 
in the affair at Schenectady, formed a junction with the 
eastern Indians, under Madokawando, and were discovered 
in the beginning of May passing iu a large fleet of canoes 
across Casco Bay. From the direction of their course the 
people of Falmouth entertained hopes that their destination 
was to a more remote part of the country ; but in this they 
were disappointed. In a few days they were discovered 
lurking in this vicinity, and Robert Greason, a Scotchman, 
one of the inhabitants who lived upon the Presumpscot 
River, fell into their hands. As soon as it was known that 
they were in the neighborhood, strict orders were given ibr 
the people to confine themselves to their garrisons, and to 
keep constant watch to prevent surprise. There were then 
in addition to Fort Loyal, four garrison houses in this part 
of the town, whose local situation we have not the means of 
accurately determining; one was on Munjoy Hill, near the 
burying-ground, at the stone house of Capt. Lawrence. 
Sullivan says another stood ' where Dearing's house now 
stands;' this was at the foot of Exchange Street, and was 
probably the house of Lieut. George Ingersoll, which oc- 
cupied that spot ; he says another stood on the rocky ground 
south of where the first meeting-house stands. He cites no 
authority for determining these localities, and probably 
derived them from tradition, which we have found a most 
unsafe guide in inquiries of this nature. It would .seem 

* Hutchinson's Papers, quoted by Willis. 

t Watson's Lake Champlain; Barbuur'i? Ili.-tury of New York; 
Sylvester's i-Iislory of Saratoga. 

t Capt. Willard wrote from Salem in November to the Governor, 
that his men at Casco needed supplies, that the parents of his soldiers 
were much disple:ised because they had not returned as jiromised. 
lie proposed that I)r. IlaraJen be encouraged to visit the soldiers in 
Casco and take care of them. Aaa. of Salem, 29.J. 



entirely unnecessary to have so many garrisons in the im- 
mediate vicinity of the fort, and we have thought .some 
of these defenses may have been in the more remote parts 
of the town for the protection of the inhabitants there. 
Elihu Gullison's house was established by the council of 
war in November preceding as a principal garrison house, 
but we cannot determine its situation. 

" Thaddcus Clarke, lieutenant of a company of town 
soldiers, imprudently neglected the precaution which had 
been given to keep his men within the garrison ; being 
desirous to discover something of the movements of the 
enemy, he went out witli about thirty 'of the stoutest 
young men,' to the top (jI' what we suppose was Munjoy 
Hill, wiiicli was tiien covered with woods. We give the 
sequel i)f this unhappy adventure in the language of 
Mather :§ 

'"The outlet from the town to the wood was through a lane that 
had a fence on each side, which had a certain hliii-k-liuiue\\ at one end 
of it : and the English were suspicious, when Ihcy came to enter the 
lane, that the Indians were lying behind Ihe/eiicp, because the c.ittle 
stood staring that way, and would not pass into the wood as they used 
to do. This meltlesotne company then run up to the fence with an 
hiizzii .' thinking thereby to discourage the enemy, if they should be 
lurking there; but the enemy were so well prepared for them, that 
they answered them with an horrible vcnge;ince, which killed the lieu- 
tenant and thirteen more on the spot, and the rest esc;ipcd with much 
ado unto one of the garrisons.' 

" After this disheartening and ominous event, the enemy 
immediately attacked the garrisons ; these were resolutely 
defended ; but at night, their ammunition being nearly ex- 
hausted, the besieged abandoned their posts and drew off to 
Fort Loyal. Next morning, being the 16th of May, the 
enemy set fire to the houses, and laid siege to the fort with 
their whole force. The local situation of the fort was 
highly favorable to their design : it was situated on a rocky 
bluff fronting the harbor, at the base of which the enemy 
could work securely beyond the reach of its guns.^ Tiie 
number of the assailants was so much more numerous than 
that of the English, that the latter deemed it not prudent 
to leave their defenses. The siege was carried on five days 
and four nights, when at last, many of the English having 
been killed and wounded, the remainder capitulated on the 
20th of May. The following account of the attack and sur- 
render, by Capt. Silvanus Davis, the commander of the 
ibrt, will not be uninteresting : 

" ' Myself having command of a garrison in Falmouth for the de- 
fense of the same, a party of French from Canada, joined with a 
company of Indians, to the number of betwi.\t four and live hundred 
French and Indians, set upon our fort. The Ililh of iMay, 1690, about 
d.awning, began our fight: the 20th, about three o'clock, afternoon, 
we were taken. They fought us five days and four nights, in which 
time they killed and wounded the greatest part of our men, burned 
all the houses, and at last we were forced to have a parley with them 
in order for a surrender. We not knowing that there was any French 
among them, set up a Hag of truce in order for a parley. We de- 
manded if there were any French among them, and if they would 
give us quarter. They answered, that they were Frenchmen, and that 
they would give us good quarter. Upon this answer; we sent out to 
them again, to know from whence they came, and if they would give 
us good quarter, both for our men, women, and children, both wounded 



§ Mag., 2, 524. || Probably Lawrence's house. 

\ This bluff probably retains the same general features it had then ; 
the fort stood in the rear of a three-story house situated at the fool of 
King Street. 



40 



IIISTOllY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



(ind sounil, iniJ lliut »e sliouM linvo liberty to iiiiuvh to the next Eng- 
lish lo»n, nnd have ii gimnl for our ilifonsc anil safety unto the next 
English town— then we would surrender; and also that the Governor 
of the French should hold np his hand and swear by the great and 
over-living Uod that the several articles should be performed. All 
which he did soloninly swear to perform ; hut as soon as they hod us in 
their custody they broke their articles, sulTereil our women and oliildren 
and our nun to be made captives in the hands of the hcallien, to bo 
cruelly murdered and destroyed many of them, and especially our 
wounded men; only the French kept niyfelf and three or four Uiore 
and carried us overland for Canada. . . . About twenty-four days wo 
were marching Ihroiigh the country for Quebec, in Canada, by land 
and water, currying our canoes with us. The chief of the Indians 
that came against us were those Indians that we had in hold, that Sir 
Edmond Andross ordered to be cleared, and .Sicur Castine and Ma- 
doekuwanilo, with their eastern forces. The French that toid( us came 
from Canada, in February last past, designed for the destruction of 
Falmouth, by order from the Oovcrnor there, the Earl of Frontonac* 
Theoommander's name was Mens. Burniffe: his lieutenant's name was 
Mons. Oorte de Jloreli, who was at the taking of Schenectady. They 
brought several Indians with them from Canada, and made up the 
rest of their forces as they marched through the woods from Canada. 
But I must soy, they were kind to me in my travels through the coun. 
try. Our provisions were very short — Indian corn and acorns — hunger 
made it very good and God gave it strength to nourish. I arrived at 
Quebec the Nth of June, Kiilll. . . . I was at Quebec four months, and 
was e.\changed fur a Frenchman Sir Wm. Piiips had taken the 15th 
of October, IBOO.'f 

" Tlie niimcs of but few of tliu persons wlio porished in 
the unhappy fall of Falmouth are preserved, and those in- 
cidentally. Among the killed were Lieut. Clarke and tiie 
thiiloen young men of liis company, who were left dead 
upon the spot, as before noticed. 

"Thomas Cloice and Seth Brackett, son of Anthony, 
were killed, but it is not known whether they were among 
the slain of Clarke's company or not. It appears by the 
Danvers records that Thomas Alsop, Edward Crocker, and 
George Bogwell were killed at Ca.sco, in 1G90. Joseph 
Kamsdell, a soldier from Lynn, was also killed. Capf. 
Bobert Lawrence was mortally wounded, and Anthony 
Brackett, Jr., James Ross, and I'eter Morrell were among 
the prisoners. It is to be regretted that a more perfect 
record of the sufferers in this catastrophe has not been pre- 
served. We have been indebted to ancient depositions 
taken to perpetuate evidence for the few names we liave 
been able to present. In this disaster the town records 
were dcslroyed,J together with all other combustible or 
destructible property in town, and the once flourishing 
settlement exhibited an entire and melancholy ruin.§ It 

* Davis makes aad work with French nomcs and titles. He calls 
Count Frontenac " the Earl of Frontenac," I'artneuf, " Mons. Bur- 
nilTe," and Courtemanehc, '• Mons. Corte de March." Otherwise, his 
report contains a correct statement of facts. 

t The original paper is on file in tlie MassaehusettJi office of State. 

X It lias been intimated that the town records were carried lo Can- 
ada; but it is not probable that the enemy would take pains to pre- 
serve and tran.^'port so great a distance documents which to them had 
no sort of value. Judge Freeman mentioned the report to me, but 
he had no authority for it but tradition. Had there been a reasonable 
ground for Iho idea, the subscqucut settlers would have obtained 
them at n time wheu their loss wa« severely felt and produced great 
confusion in titles. 

^ William Vaughan, Charles Frost, and Richard Marlyn wrote to 
Boston from Portsmouth, May I'.i, lO'.IO, that they bod just beard of 
the attack on Casco. That two men frcuu .><purwink garrison, on 
healing the firing at Casco, went to sec about it. When they came 
Dear, "they saw but two houses standing, the furt on fire, and the 
enemy vry numerous thereabout." On the 22J of May they wrote 



was visited by Sir William Phips and Maj. Church in 
August, 1G92, on an expedition east, when they buried the 
bones of the slain, as they were bleaching upon the soil, 
and removed the cannon of the fort, which bad been too 
large for Indian transportation. 

" After the capture of Fort Loyal the garrisons at I'ur- 
pooduck, Spurwink, and in Scarborough were so disheart- 
ened that they abandoned their posts and retreated upon 
Saco. In a i'av/ days after, the people in the latter place 
drew off' to Wells and left the country east of that settle- 
ment wholly depopulated and unprotected. 

"Maj. Church was .sent to this bay again in September 
to harass the enemy The expedition on its return 
anchored for a night off" Purpooduck Point; and the ac- 
commodations on board the vessels being limited, three 
companies encamped in a deserted house on shoi<\ At 
the dawu of day the Indians attacked the eain[), and an 
obstinate engagement ensued, during which the troops from 
the vessels were landed. The enemy were driven off', with 
the loss of thirteen canoes. Several were killed and 
wounded on both sides. One Indian prisoner was taken, ' a 
lusty man, who had Jo.seph Ramsdell's scalp by his side.'|| 

" Falmouth became the scene of no more engagements 
during the war. A single anecdote relating to the place, 
told by Mather with high relish, may clo.se the subject. 
As the Indians were passing through ^deserted Casco,' in 
1(594, the squaws desired the young men to shoot some 
horses that were straying about Capt. Brackett's orchard, 
as they were suffering from hunger; but the young men, 
wishing to have some sport first, caught one of the horses, 
and making a halter from the mane and tail, a son of the 
famous Higon mounted the steed for a ride, and to secure 
him from falling, he bad his legs tied under the horse's 
belly. But no sooner was the horse at liberty than he set 
out at full speed ' through brier and brake,' without regard 
to the feelings or the wailings of his rider. Nothing more 
was seen of poor Higon but a leg, which was buried with 
great lamentation in Capt. Brackett's cellar. 

"The war continued until lt)98, when a treaty of peace, 
concluded at Rysvvick, in 1G97, between the English and 
French, having been announced, and Madokawando being 
dead, all obstructions to an accommodation were removed. 
Articles of as;reement were entered into in October, and a 
treaty was finally executed at Mare's Point, in Casco Bay, 
January 7, 1G99. The close of tlie war presents a sad 
spectacle, at which time the whole territory of Falmouth, 
which before the war was covered with an active and enter- 
prising population, was a perfect blank, — ;i thoroughfare 
for the savage, and a resort lor beasts of prey."T{ 



again that the vessels they had sent discovered that the enemy, three 
or four hundred strong, had possession of Casco, and as they ap- 
proached the fort they were fired upon; and while they stayed, the 
remainder of the fort and houses were burnt ; that three or four bun 
drod people, mostly women and children, had arrived at I'ortsmoutli 
from the eastward, and thot the vessels reported that Black Point, 
Kichmond's Island, and Spurwink were burning as they passed. 
(Gen. Court files.) 

The General Court, in t)ctobrr following, ordered a payment for 
wages to be made to the wives and relations of the soldiers who were 
slain or taken at Cuseu. 

II Church. f Willis' Hist. Porl. 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS Ob' 1702 AND 1722. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

FRENCH AND INDIAN ■WARS OF 1702 AND 1722. 

Iiestruetion of Spurwink— Siege of New Cnsoo— Fort saved by arri- 
val of an Armed Vessel — Indians generally engaged in the War — 
Dcstrucliun of Brunswick — Bounty offered for Indian Scalps — Suc- 
cess of the English— French and Indian Seltlemcnt at Norridge- 
wock Destroyed — Peace of 1 7211. 

On the breaking out of the war between France and 
England, in 1702, apprehensions were entertained by tlie 
government of Massachusetts tliat the eastern Indians 
would again ccumience hostilities. To prevent this ca- 
lamity Gov. Dudley, in the ."ummer of 1703, visited the 
coast as far as Peniaquid, and held conferences with the 
Indians. He succeeded in getting theiu to agree to a grand 
council, which a.-^sembled on the 20th of June of that year, 
at the furt in New Casco, and in an amicable njanner a 
treaty of peace was concluded. The sachems assured the 
Governor that they aimed at nothing more than peace, and 
protested that " as high as the sun was above the earth so 
far distant should their designs be of making the least breach 
between each other."* As a pledge of their sincerity, they 
presented him with a belt of wampum, and each party 
added a great number of stones to two pillars which had 
been erected at a former treaty, and called the Tico Brothers 
in testimony of their amicable agreement. "j" 

This, however, was a hollow pretense ; for, at the very 
time, treacherous designs were concealed under these pacific 
manifestations, and the savages had protracted the treaty 
several days in expectation of the arrival of a French force, 
with a view to destroy the English commissioners. This 
statement derives confirmation from the fact that within 
two months from the date of the treaty, " the whole eastern 
country was in conflagration, no house standing, nor garri- 
son unattaeked."! In August, 1703, the enem^', consisting 
of five hundred French and Indians, invaded the frontier, 
and, dividing into small parties, unexpectedly attacked all 
the settlements from Casco to Wells. The inhabitants of 
Purpoodtick were tiie most severe sufferers in this sudden 
onset. There were nine families then settled upon and near 
the Point, who were not protected by any garrison. § The 
Indians came suddenly upon the defenseless hamlet when the 
men were absent, killed twenty-five persons and took several 
prisoners. Among the killed were Thomas Lovitt and his 
family, Joel Madeford, or Madiver, and the wives of Josiah 
and Benjamin Wallis, and of Michael Webber.|| The wife 



* Penhallow. f Willi.--. 

} Penhallow. About this time the French had drawn off a great 
number of Indian I'amiliis from the J'eiiubscot, yniridijetcock, Huco, 
and I'mjuuhett tribe.--, and settled them at St. Francois, in Canada, as 
a protection against the Six Nations, who were in the English interest. 
These were afterwards called the St, Fraif:ois Indians, and were let 
loose by the French from time to time to prey upon the defenseless 
frontiers of New Hampshire and Massachusetts. 2 Iluteh., 131. 

J This was subsetiuently called Spring Point, and probably received 
its name from an excellent and unfailing spring which issues from 
the bank just above high-water mark. 

II Madeford or Madiver was the son of Michael Madiver, who lived 
nl l>urnn...).n.w liof.,.-^ (>>o <)rgt ,var ; the name does not exist here now, 
oowledge. The Indians ripped open Web- 
:t, and took ttvo children from her. 



of Jos-;ph Wallis was taken captive; Josiah Wallis made 
his escape to Black Point with his .son John, then seven 
years old, part of the way upon his back.^ Spurwink, prin- 
cipally occupied by the Jordan family, was attacked at the 
same time, and twenty-two per.sons by the name of Jordan 
were killed and taken prisoners. Dominicus Jordan, the 
third son of the Rev. Robert, was among the killed, and 
his family, consisting of six children, were carried to Can- 
ada.** His brother Jeremiah was among the prisoners, who 
was subsequently called French Jeremy, from the circum- 
stance of his having been carried to France. The whole 
country, from Purpooduck Point to Spurwink, was covered 
with woods, except the few spots which the inhabitants had 
cleared. This afforded facilities to the Indians for conceal- 
ment and protection. From these coverts they made their 
sudden and cruel visits, then returned to mingle again with 
the other wild tenants of the forest, beyond the reach of 
pursuit. 

" The enemy next directed their attention to the flirt at 
New Ca.sco. This was the most considerable fort on the 
eastern coast, and was the central point of defense for all 
the settlements upon Casco Bay ;f"j" under its protection sev- 
eral persons had collected to revive the fortunes of the town. 
Maj. March commanded the garrison at this time, consist- 
ing of but thirty-six men. The enemy practiced a strata- 
gem in hopes of taking the fort without loss of lives, and 
lor this purpose their able chiefs Moxus, Wanungouet, and 
Assaeombuit sent a flag of truce to the commanding officer, 
soliciting a conference, under pretense that they had some- 
thing important to communicate. At first Maj. March 
declined the invitation, suspecting some treachery, but 
afterwards as they seemed to be \'e.\i in number and un- 
armed, he concluded to meet them, taking the precaution to 
post two or three sentinels, where they might be ready in 
case of danger. On his arrival at the place of meeting, 
they saluted him civilly, but immediately drew their toma- 
hawks from under their robes, and violently assaulted him, 
while others in ambush shot down one of the sentinels. 
March, being a man of uncommon strength, as well as cour- 
a<Te, wrested the tomahawk from one of the assailants, and 
successfully defended himself until Sergt. Houk arrived 
from the fort with a file of ten men, and rescued him from 
his perilous situation. Mr. Phippen and Mr. Kent, who 
accompanied Maj. March, being less able from advanced 
a"e to resist this savage attack, were overpowered and 
slain.tt The enemy being disappointed in their main ob- 



% Deposition of John Wallis, who was living in 1760. The family 
of Wallis, which was Ibrmerly ao numerous hero, is nearly run out; 
some of them spell the name Wallace ; they are all descendants of 
John Wallis, who lived at Purpooduck before the first war, and was 
selectman in 1081 ; they returned herefrom Gloucester, Cape Ann. 

5«»See History of Cape Elizabeth. 

ff In 17ti3, the fort was enlarged and beds and bedding were fur- 
nished for the first time, by order of government. 

XX Penhallow speaking of the slaughter of Phippen and Kent, s.ays, 
" liein"- advanced in years, they were so infirm, that I might say 
of them as Juvenal did of Priara, they had scarce blood enough left 
to tinge the knife of the sacrifice." David Phippen was the son of 
Joseph, who lived at Purpooduck as early as 1050. In the previous 
war the family moved to Salem, and David was probably the only one 
who returned. He had purchased in 1609 a large tract on the Prc- 
sumpscot Kiver of George Felt, Francis Neal, and Jenkin Williams, 



42 



HISTORY OF CUMBP:RLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



jcct, .destroyed the cottages or huts in the vicinity, and 
laid .sit'ge to tlic fort. From the weakncs.s of liie garrison, 
the utmost vigihmce was re(|uircd on the part of the com- 
manding officer to prevent surprise ; he consequently di- 
vided his men into tliree companies of twelve each, who 
interchanged watching every two hours, without intermis- 
sion, lor si.\ days and nights. At tlic end of tliat time the 
enemy received tin addition to tlicir force, when the whole 
amounted to five liundred French and Indians, and were 
commanded by I\I. Bobassin, a French officer. This re- 
inforcement had just returned from a successful incursion 
upon the western towns; they had taken one .sloop, two 
shallops, and considerable plunder, and were flushed witli 
victory. They immediately commenced underuiiiiing the 
fort on the water-side, and as this was situated upon an 
elevated bank, they could work securely out of the range of 
its guns, and were protected by a superior force from the 
danger of a sally. They had proceeded two days and nights, 
and would probably soon have succeeded in their attempt, 
liad not the garrison fortunately been relieved by the arri- 
val of a province armed ves-sel, commanded by Capt. South- 
ack, which interrupted their ]ilans. Southack retook their 
prizes, forced them to raise the siege, and shattered their 
navy, consisting of two hundred canoes. The Indians made 
a hasty retreat, but still hovered in the vicinity of Casco 
Bay, which was a central situation for them, and the waters 
of which furni.shcd them with an inexhaustible supply of 
provisions. In the autumn of 1703, they .surprised a vessel 
in the bay, killed the master and three men, and wounded 
two more. They occasionally practiced upon their prison- 
ers the most revolting cruelties ; in one instance a woman 
who had been killed, was exposed in a brutal manner with 
her infant fastened to her breast, and left to perish. In 
Casco, Col. Church relates that an English soldier was 
found, in the early part of the war, with a stake driven 
through his body, his head cut off, and a hog's head placed 
on his shoulders, and his heart and inwards taken out and 
hung around his body. The eastern towns were not the 
only places which suffiired in this war. Deerfield and other 
settlements in the western part of Mas.sachusetts were cut 
ofi", and many lives were destroyed and property laid waste 
on the whole frontier, both of that jirovince and New 
Hampshire. 

" To arm a force sufficient to repel their cruel invaders, 
government deemed it necessary to call to its aid the avarice 
of the people, and they offered a bounty of £40 for every 
Indian scalp that should be brought in. This excited a 
spirit of enterprise in the inhabitants, which made them 
endure incredible hardships in pursuing the enemy through 
the forests in the depth of winter to procure this valuable 
merchandi.se. 

"After the melancholy events of 1703, Falmouth was 
entirely de.serted of inhabitants, and did not become the 
scene of further cruelties during the war. Saco, Scarbor- 
ough, and the places in this province farther west were con- 
tinually harassed, and lost many of their active and promis- 

■which they bought of the Indians in 1677. Ho came down no doubt 
to improve this csliite extending from Congin to aljout half a milo 
below the lower fulls. lie loft four children, one of whom, Anna, 
married .Tohn (Ircen. of Salem. 



ing young men, as well as the aged, and women and chil- 
dren. The war was crowded with scenes of cruelty and 
blood, similar to those of the last wars, and which give to 
Indian hostilities a ferocious and horrible celebrity. The 
war was particularly distinguished by the capture of Port 
Royal, in Nova Scotia, from the French, which was after- 
wards called Anna])olis, in honor of Queen Anno. 

" The fort in Falmoutli continued to be maintained 
during the war, although not witliout considerable opposi- 
tion. In 1704, Col. Church gave his strong testimony 
against supporting it.* In 1710 the House of Representa- 
tives pa.sscd a resolve to abandon it, which was non-con- 
curred in the council; they say, ' Whereas the first and 
soli' end of settling a garrison at Casco Bay was for a 
trading-house to accommodate the eastern Indians in time 
of peace, but upon the breaking out of tlie war, it was 
thought neccs.sary to enlarge the said garrison and make it 
more defensive, supposing it might be advantageous for the 
covering the fishery, and to recruit our forces that might 
march towards the headquarters of the enemy ; but by ex- 
perience it is known that the fort is of little or no security 
to our fishery, or of any advantage to our marching forces, 
but of great expense and charge, etc.' It is therefore ' or- 
dered that the forces be withdrawn, etc' Several attempts 
were made to induce the Governor to relinquish the fort 
here as an unnecessary public burden, but he would not 
consent to it. In 1715 the House voted to ganLson Pejep- 
scot fort, situated at the falls in Brunswick, and to aban- 
don that at Casco ; a committee reported that ' the fort or 
trading-house at Casco, which being much out of repair, we 
are of opinion it is for his majesty's .service that it be 
slighted, and no longer continued ;' and they recommended 
repairing Pejepscot fort and drawing twenty men, the num- 
ber at Casco, for Arrowsic. The Governor replied, ' I shall 
give orders to draw out nineteen men and an ensign from 
Casco fort for Arrowsic, and also raise fifteen men for 
Brunswick, but cannot see reason at present to demolish 
Casco fort until his majesty's pleasure be known.' The 
House adhered to their resolution, and after reciting their 
former vote, and as.serting that the Governor had power by 
the charter to demolish forts without orders from the king, 
voted that no more money be drawn from the public treas- 
ury to pay officers or soldiers at the fort of Casco, after 
September 1st next."|" 

" Maj. Samuel Moody, in the early jwrt of the war, 
succeeded Maj. March in the command at Casco fort; he 
received fre(iuent communications from the enemy, and was 
the organ of correspondence between them and the govern- 
ment. In 1713, ho.stilities having ceased in Europe,^ the 
Indians sent a flag of truce to Slaj. Moody desiring peace, 
and requesting that a conference might be had at Casco. 
The Governor being notified of their application, consented 



* Church says, "To conclude all, if your E.xcellency will he pleased 
to make yourself great and us a happy people, as to the destroying 
of our enemies and easing of our ta.vos, etc., be pleased to draw forth 
all those forces now in pay in all the eastward parts, both at Stico loid 
Cimo /Idi/ ; for those two trading-houses never did any good, nor 
never will, and are not worthy the name of Queen's forts." 

f Mass. Rco. 

j The treaty of Utrecht was signc.l July U. 1713; hostilities had 
ceased some time before. 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS OF 1702 AND 1722. 



43 



to enter into a treaty with them, but insisted on their meet- 
ing him at Portsmouth. At that place articles of pacifica- 
tion were entered into July 13, 1713, by delegates on the 
part of the Indians from the tribes on the St. John, Ken- 
nebec, Anieriscoggin, Saco, and Merriniac, which were 
accepted and formally confirmed by a great body of Indians 
who were a.ssembled at Falmouth waiting the result. When 
the several articles were read and explained to them, they 
expressed their satisfaction by loud demonstrations of joy. 
Thus was peace concluded after ten years of constant agita- 
tion in New England, undercircurastaiicos which gave hope of 
long continuance. By one of the articles the English were 
allowed to enter upon their former settlements without 
molestation or claim on the part of the Indians ; while to 
the latter was reserved the right of hunting, fi.shing, and 
fowling, as freely as they enjoyed in 1693. There was a 
stipulation in the treaty that the government should estab- 
lish convenient trading-houses for the Indians, where they 
might obtain their supplies without the fraud and extortion 
which had been practiced in former years. In pursuance 
of this article, a trading-house was established at Winter 
Harbor and another in Falmouth.* 

" Hutchinson estimates the loss to the country by the 
three late Indian wars as follows: 'From 1G75, when 
Philip's war began, to 1713, five thousand or six thousand 
of the youth of the country had perished by the enemy, or 
by distempers contracted in the service ; nine in ten of the.se 
would have been fathers of families, and in the course 
of forty years have multiplied to near one hundred thousand 
souls.'l 

" In 1715, Governor Dudley having been superseded in 
the government of Ma.ssacliusetts, the House of Represen- 
tatives seized the opportunity to secure the demolition of 
the fort at Casco, and passed the following resolve in June, 
1716: 

"•Tliis house being iuformcd that the votes to demolish Casco fort 
and remove the stores from thence have not been fully complied with, 
which this house apprehend may be of dangerous consequence by ex- 
posing his majesty's stores and the few people that still remain there, 
contrary to the acts of this court, to the insults of the Indians. 

"* tieeolrcdf that his Hon. the Lieuienant-Governor be desired to 
direct a full performance of the votes of this court, and order the re- 
moving of the stores to Boston, and the entire demolishing of the fort 
and the houses therein, without delay. ' 

"This order was immediately carried into execution, and 
a sloop was dispatched from Boston to remove the stores 
belonging to the government to that place. Maj. Moody, 
who had probably continued at the fort until it was demol- 
ished, and Benjamin Larrabee, the second in command, 
with the other persons who had occupied the houses which 
were ordered to be destroyed, reiuoved their residences to 
the Neck, now Portland." 

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR Ob' 1722. 

The peace of 1713 was of short duration. The French, 
taking alarm at the rapid encroachments of the English 

* The government was at the expense of furnishing merchandise 
for these establishments, and pi-oviding a person to attend them, who 
was called a Truckmaster; they occasioned a continual expenditure, 
with but little satisfaction to the Indians. The one at Falmouth was 
not long continued, and the failure of the government in tljis par- 
ticular became a subject of complaint. U N. H. Coll., 240. 

t 2. 183. 



upon territory which they were unwilling to surrender, 
employed the influence of two Jesuit missionaries, Fathers 
Rale and La Chasse, to arouse the opposition of the Indians 
to the extension of English settlements east of the Kenne- 
bec. Gov. Shute called the Indians together in council, at 
Arrowsic Island, in 1717, and although they nominally 
confirmed the treaty of Ilyswick, which had been signed at 
the conclusion of the last war, yet they distinctly stated 
their objections to English settlements being extended be- 
yond certain mills which were then erected on the Ken- 
nebec, and to the construction of forts in that region for 
the security of the inhabitants.^ In 1719, they demanded 
that the English settlers should be removed from their 
lands, and an outbreak was only then prevented by the 
presence of a small force on the frontiers. In 1720 they 
were persuaded by the French to commit open depreda- 
tions, and parties from the Non-H/jewock and I'eii.o/jscot 
tribes killed some cattle and threatened the lives of the 
English. 

The Nova Scotia Indians proceeded to further extremi- 
ties ; they surprised the English at Canso, robbed them of 
everything, and killed three or four persons. Further hos- 
tilities at this time were prevented by Col. Walton, of New 
Hampshire, who was detached with a force of two hun- 
dred men to guard the frontiers. § In August, 1721, a 
party of two hundred Indians, accompanied by their spir- 
itual leaders, Rixle and La Chasse, under French colors and 
armed, wont to Arrowsic and held a " talk" with Capt. 
Penhallow, who commanded the fort there. This ended 
without satisfaction to either party; the Indians being en- 
tirely under the influence of their priests, were permitted 
to do nothing whicli would infringe upon French power or 
influence. They left a letter for the Governor, in which 
they uttered serious complaints against the English for un- 
justly invading their property, depriving them of the coun- 
try which God had given them, and threatening it they did 
not remove from their lands in three weeks they would 
kill them, burn their houses, and destroy their cattle. The 
En'dish endeavored to obtain a conference, but were unable 
to eflfect it without the presence of the missionaries. The 
Indians were accompanied by M. Crozier, from Canada, and 
a son of the Baron de St. Castine. The government, irri- 
tated by the conduct of the French, determined to attempt 
the removal of what they apprehended to be the cause 
of all the trouble. For that purpose a force of three hun- 
dred men was raised in 1721, and sent to Norridgewock, 
under Col. Thomas Westbrook, with orders to seize Father 
Rale and bring him to Boston. No other success attended 
this expedition than the seizure of the private papers 
of the Jesuit, among which was his correspondence with 
the Governor of Canada, which developed the secret machi- 
nations of the French to influence, and send upon our de- 
fenseless frontiers, a barbarous foe. 



+ 2 Hutchinson, 198, 237; 1 Douglass, 191). 

jf The government afterwards sent Col. Walton, JIaj. Moody, Cnpts. 
Harmon, Penhallow, und Wainwright, to demand satisfaction of the 
chiefs for these outrages. Patrick Rogers, in 1773, testified that he 
lived at Georgetown in 1720 or 1721, and at that lime there was nut 
one house that he knew of between Georgetown and Annapolis, ex- 
cept one at Damarisoovo. 



44 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



This invasion of their headquarters exasperated the 
enemy in an nnusual donrec, and altlionj;h the f^ovcrniuent, 
perceiving by the ill success of the expedition that; they 
had made a false step, endeavored by presents to conciliate 
tlie chiefs, tiicir vengeance was visited in the following 
season upon the unoft'endin;j; inhabitants of the frontiers. 
In June, 1722, a party of sixty men in twenty canoes cap- 
tured nine families in Merrymeeting Bay, and committed 
depredations on the coast cast of the Kennebec, which was 
soon followed by the destruction of Brunswick.* 

Immediately after information of this hitter event reached 
Boston, the Governor and Council made a formal declara- 
tion of war.f Col. Walton, of New Hampshire, was the com- 
manding officer of the forces on this coast, with whom Maj. 
Moody, of Falmouth, was associated as second in command. 
But disputes liaving arisen between Gov. Shute and the 
House of Representatives, the unhappy consequences were felt 
even in the management of the military service. Complaints 
were preferred against Walton and Jloody ; they wei'e sum- 
moned by tlie Hou.sc to answer before it, and the Governor 
was desired to dismiss them from the service. The Gov- 
ernor contended that it was his prerogative, as captain-gen- 
eral of the province, to appoint military officers, and super- 
intend and control the military operations, and denied 
their riglit to interfere in it. They, on the other hand, 
threatened to withhold the resources for carrying on the 
war. In this difficulty, a sort of compromise was made by 
which the two principal officers were ordered to Boston, 
where they underwent an examination before the House, 
and finally, after the departure of Gov. Shute from the 
province, were dismissed from the service without any suf- 
ficient reason having been assigned for it, and Col. Thomas 
Westbrook, of Portsmouth, N. II., appointed to the chief 
command. The principal ground of the opposition in the 
House to these officers seems to liave been that they were 
disposed to follow the instructions of the Governor, rather 
than a brancli of the Legislature ; the complaints in fact 
proceeded from political and not personal considerations. 
The Governor was so much di.sgusted with the opposition 
he met with in the province, that he secretly obtained leave 
to return home, and left the country in January, 1723. 
The administration and the conduct of the war devolved 
upon Wm. Dummer, the Lieutenant-Governor. 

" The Lieutenant-Governor, after some opposition, in con- 
sideration of tlie exposed state of the country, having grati- 
fied the House by the removal of Walton and Moody from 
connnand, the war from that time was carried on with 
spirit. Premiums were voted for scalps and prisoners,^ and 
money raised lor the enlistment and support of troops. In 
January, 1723, soldiers were stationed at Falmouth as fol- 
lows : on the Neck, twenty-four men in three garrisons, 
viz.j at Maj. Moody's, IngersoU's, and Wass' ; in Purpoo- 
duck, at Sawyer's and York's, four men and a corporal ; ' at 

* In .September Ibcy rollowcd up their successes by attacking 
Ooorgctuwn ; they were not able to tnko the fort, but they killeil (ifiy 
bead of cattle and burnt lwcnty-si,x dwelling-houses. — 2 Hutch., 2i;8. 
— I'enballuw. In 1722, thirty men were stiitione;! nt Falmouth, and 
twenty at North Yarmouth. — AVilliamsun, 2, 118. 

t July 2S, 1722. 

X ill'U for each scalp ivas voted to the volunteers and £(iO lo rcg- 

nhir -nl.li.Ts. 



Spurwink, at Mr. Jordan's, where a ferry is kept, three 
men, under the care of a corporal ;' at Black Point, nine 
men, and to be recruited. In September following the gar- 
risons at Purpooduck and Sjiurwink were incrca.sed, the 
former to twelve and the latter to nine men. These were 
placed under the command of Lieut. Dominicus Jordan. 
In February an expedition was sent to Penobscot, under 
Col. Westbrook, and another to Norridgewock, under Capt. 
Harmon, but both were unsuccessful. The enemy remained 
in their retreats until the weather became suitable to open 
the campaign, when they divided into small parties and har- 
as.sed the whole line of frontier settlements. In April they 
took eight persons in Scarborough and Falmouth, and killed 
some, among whom was Sergt. Chubb, of the Scarborough 
garrison. They passed westward and committed depreda- 
tions in Berwick, Wells, and York. In June they attacked 
Roger Deering's garrison-house, in Scarborough, killed his 
wife, Thomas Larrabee, and his son, and took three of his 
children, and Mary Scammon, John Hunnewell, and Robert 
Jordan, prisoners. ' No further injuries were done in this 
neighborhood during the remainder of the season ; but on 
the opening of .spring, in 1724, the enemy were again found 
renewing their desultory attacks. In May they killed one 
man and wounded another at Purpooduck. In July they 
mortally wounded Solomon Jordan as he was going out of 
the garrison at Spurwink. The next day Lieut. Joseph 
Bean, with a file of soldiers, went in pursuit of the enemy, 
and overtook a party consisting of thirty men. These he 
attacked, and having killed one of their leaders, the rest 
fled, leaving behind twenty-five packs, twelve blankets, a 
gun, and several other articles. The scalp of the slain In- 
dian was carried to Boston, for which Bean and his company 
received one hundred pounds. The early part of the cam- 
paign had been unfortunate to the English. Numerous par- 
ties of the Indians were scattered over the country, plundering 
and murdering the inhabitants and eluding all pursuit. The 
government, discouraged by the ill success which attended 
thei" efforts to check the progress of this marauder warfitre, 
determined to beard the lion in his den. For this purpose 
they fitted out an expedition, in August, of four companies, 
consisting of two hundred and eight men, commanded by 
Capts. Harmon, Moulton, Brown, and Bean, to proceed to 
Norridgewock, the headquarters of this warlike tribe. The 
undertaking was crowned with complete success. On the 
23d of August they surprised and entirely destroyed the 
settlement, con.sisting of the Catholic chapel, the cottages 
which were spread around it, together with all their canoes. 
The number of the enemy killed and drowned in the attack 
was about eighty, among whom was Father Rale, who, as 
he was considered the principal cau.sc of the cruel visits of 
his flock, was regarded as the greatest trophy of the war.§ 



^ Father llalo had lived among these people over thirty years, 
having first arrived from France at Quebec in October, 1689, during 
which period he had been unremilting in his exertions to convert the 
natives to the Catholic faith. A few years before the time of which 
we are speaking he procured a cluipel to be built at Norridgewock, 
the seat of a numerous tribe, in which he had placed a bell. His in- 
flu< noe wa^ very extensive, and deserved, not less for his zeal and 
entire devotion to their service, than for his learning and talents. 
He was master of the learned languages, and wrote the Latin nilh 
cla-sical purity. lie taught many of his converls to write, and corre- 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR OF 174-i. 



45 



" This achievement was celebrated throughout New Eng- 
laiiil, as the greatest perfornied since FhiHp's war, and it 
was no less distinguislied in its consequences iis breaking 
the power of a tribe which had exercised a commanding 
influence over Indian counsels, and over the fate of our 
settlements.* 

" The nest and last considerable engagement in this war 
took place at Pequakett, now Fryeburg, in May, 1725, by a 
parly of tliirty-four volunteers, under Capt. Lovell. The 
company unfortunately fell into an ambush and many of 
them were destroyed ; but they rendered so good an account 
of their lives as to check all further depredations from that 
quarter during the war. Paugus. their cruel chief, and a 
number of his companions, were slain. The P]ngli,sh, after 
sustaining themselves until the close of the day against 
more than double their number, were left in possession of the 
field ; they lost ten killed and six mortally wounded, among 
whom were Capt. Lovell, Lieut. Farweli, and Ensign Rob- 
bins : eight only returned houicf 

" Soon after this unfortunate affair; the government, 
understanding that the Penobscot Indians were desirous of 
peace, sent commissioners to St. Georges to meet the head 
men of that tribe. A conference was held there, which 
resulted in a cessation of hostilities, and proposals for a 
j)eace to be entered into at Boston. A delegation of the 
tribe .soon after proceeded to Boston, and a treaty was exe- 
cuted Dec. 15, 1725. By one of the articles, it was agreed 
that the treaty should be ratified at Falmouth in the fol- 
lowing May, by all the eastern tribes. The time of the 
ratification was subsequently postponed to the 20th of June, 
and again to July ; at which time Lieut. -Gov. Dummer, 
with a majority of the council, and a number of the repre- 
sentatives, together with Lieut.-Gov. John Wentworth, of 
New Hampshire, accompanied by a committee of the Council 
and House of that State, and Paul Mascarene, delegated by 
the Governor of Nova Scotia, proceeded to Falmouth. The 
Indians did not arrive until July 29th, when forty of the 
Penohscot tribe came in, and in the afternoon of that day 
the conference commenced. Several days were spent in 
negotiations, which were closed on the 4th of August, and 
on the 5th, the peace was publicly ratified in the meeting- 
house. A public dinner, furnished by government, was 

sponded with them in their own language. He said " he knew all the 
languages in this vast desert." The French writers place him among 
the saints, while his English contemporaries give him a place the very 
opposite. He died in the sixty-seventh year of his ago. The dic- 
tionary of the Aheuaqnis language, which he prepared, has been 
translated for publication at Cambridge, where it has been deposited 
more than one hundred and fifty years. 

■^ A detailed account of the expedition may be found in 2 Hutch., 
279, and Penhallow, 108. 

t Rev. Mr. Symmes, of Bradford, published an account of this 
unfortunate affair at the time. See also Belkn. N. H. This event 
was commemorated at Fryeburg in May, 1825, by a large collection of 
people from different parts of the State; the late Governor Lincoln 
delivered a poem, and Charles S. Davies, Esq., of this town, an oration 
on the occasion ; the latter was soon after published. A procession 
moved to the scene of action on the margin of a pond, where appro- 
priate remarks were made by Col. Bradley, of Fryeburg; a public 
dinner and a ball in the evening lent their attractions to the day. Two 
of our inhabitants, Matthew and William Scales, who had moved to 
North Yarmouth, wore killed llicre in April, Ibis year, in an attack 
on the garrison. 



given at the commencement, and another at the close of 
the negotiations; the commi.s.sioners of Slassachu.setts and 
the Indians remained here a week after the ratificalioii in 
interpreting the treaty and ' fully settling some other 
matters,' when the latter were transported by government 
to St. Georges, and the commissioners sailed for Boston. t 
The Penohscols on this occasion acted for the Wawenacks, 
the Arreguidonoclcs, and the St. Francois. Penhallow, an 
accurate observer, says, ' In these conferences the discretion 
and prudence of the savages was discernible.' One instance 
of their prudence and sagacity deserves to be noticed. ' One 
of the first things,' says Penhallow, ' that the Indians de- 
sired of our Governors, was, that they would give orders that 
the vessels in the harbor, as well as the taverns ashore, 
might be restrained from selling any liquors to their young 
men.' Tlic Governor approved of this precaution, and gave 
the order accordingly. When the first day of the confer- 
ence, which was Saturday, was over, the Governor said to 
them, ' To-morrow is the Lord's day, on which we do no 
business.' ' Lorou,' their speaker, answered, ' To-inorrow is 
our Sabbath ; we also Jcccp the day.' 

" In 1727, the tribes which had not been represented at 
the conference of the former year notified the government 
of Massachusetts of their desire to make a public confir- 
mation of the peace. To this the Governor assented, and 
informed them that he would meet them at Falmouth, in 
July, for that purpose. Accordingly, with a delegation 
from New Hampshire and Ma.ssachu.setts, he met the tribes 
of Arrec/nntonocks, Waicenochs, Norr'nlgeicoclis, and Penob- 
scots in that place, when the articles of the peace were 
publicly and solemnly confirmed by the respective parties. 
There were over two hundred Indians present, and more 
than forty gentlemen in the delegation from the two pro- 
vinces. The conferences were held in a spacious tent on 
Munjoy's Hill, where on the close of the negotiations a 
public dinner was provided at the expense of government, 
of which both parties partook. Mr. Smith, in his Journal, 
says the Indians appeared ' with French colors, and made a 
great show.' This was the largest collection of people that 
had ever assembled in town, and the inhabitants were ill pre- 
pared in provisions and accommodations for so large an addi- 
tion to their numbers ; on their departure, Mr. Smith adds, 
' they left us quite bare and nothing of the country's pro- 
duce left, only three bushels of corn and some small things.' " 



CHAPTER IX. 

FHENCH AND INDIAN "WAR OF 1744. 

Causes of the War — Preparations by tlie Uovcrnmcut of Massachu- 
setts — Local and Foreign Events of the War-=-Fort Loyal Armed 
and Garrisoned — .Siege and Capture of Louisbourg — Final Conflict 
and Downfall of Canada. 

" In 1740, the death of Charles VI., Emperor of Ger- 
many, gave occasion for a fierce war for the Austrian suc- 
cession, in which, before its close, all the powers of Europe 
and North America were engaged. It was opened by Fred- 

X Mr. Smith's Journal. 



46 



HISTORY OF CUiMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



crick, the youii^' kinij of Prussia, for the recovery of Silesia 
from tlio chivahic Maria Theresa. Tlie elector of Bavaria 
claimed to succeed Charles VI., and heing supported by the 
electoral college, adverse to the pretensions of Maria The- 
resa, he .soon enlisted a powerful alliance in aid of his cause. 
The accession of France to this alliance was a signal not to 
be mistaken, that England, with the German po-ssessions 
and prepossessions of her monarch, would throw herself 
into liie confederacy of the opposite party. So {;encral was 
the expectation of this event in this country, that for some 
months previous to the declaration of war by England 
against France in 1744, the General Court of Ma.ssachusetts 
had anticipated approaching danger, and made .some prepa- 
rations to meet it. As early as April, 1742, the govern- 
ment ordered a breastwork and platform for ten twelve- 
pounders to be built on Falmouth Neck for the defense of 
the harbor, and appropriated four hundred pounds to pay 
the expon.se, the labor and stores to be furnished by the 
town. This work was erected on the bank, on the eastern 
side of King Street. In 1743, the General Court appro- 
priated twelve hundred and eighty pounds for the defense 
of the eastern frontiers, and the same year cummissioners 
were appointed to select suitable places for block-houses, of 
which six were ordered to be supplied between Berwick and 
Falmouth, and six farther east; the commissioners were 
here in December. 

" The population of Maine at this time was short of twelve 
thousand ;* the territory furnished two regiments, the first 
extending as far east as Saco, containing sixteen hundred 
and fifty-five men, was commanded by Col. Wm. Pepperell ; 
the other, including the remainder of the soldiers, twelve 
hundred and ninety strong, was under the command of Col. 
Samuel Waldo. Falmouth supplied five hundred of this 
number, being more than any town"in Maine f We have 
not been able to obtain the number furnished by the other 
towns. 

" In May, 1744, news of the declaration of war by Eng- 
land reached this country, and gave increased activity to all 
the preparations for a vigorous defense. Our people were 
not yet exempted from the fear of Indian depredations, nor 
was it so long since they had experienced them that all 
memory of them had been lost ; they immediately entered 
with earnestness on those measures of security which former 
suflerings had taught them to appreciate, and so pressing did 
they regard the occasion that even the church-going bell was 
drowned in the busy note of preparation. J The provincial 
government in June raised one thousand men, of which six 
hundred were designed for the defense of the eastern coun- 
try. § Sixty-five of these troops were posted in difFereut 
garrisons in Falmouth, of whom two were stationed in Rev. 
Mr. Smith's house, whieli had been con.structed and used 
for a garrison some years before. 

" In addition to these precautionary measures, the gov- 



• Williamson, 2, 212. f Douglass Sum. 

X "May 20, 1714, People are at work at North-Yarmouth and this 
town about Ihoir garrisons to-day. Not a very full meeting, nconlc 
fearing to eonio." May 2.i, '■ All the talk and thought now is about 
war. I'lojilc arc every wlii-ro garri.-^oning."— .V,„,V/r, J,„„-„. 

i Two hundri'il ami seventy were sUiiioncJ at George's Fort and 
Broad Boy, fifty at Peuiaqui<l, an 1 fifty at Shcopscot.—l Doug., ^84. 



eminent entered into a treaty with the Pciiohscnt Indians 
at George's Fort, in July, who bound themselves, as did 
also the other Indians on this side the Penobscot River, to 
remain neutral during the war. In faith of this treaty, the 
troops in this quarter were discharged, excepting one scout- 
ing company, under the command of Capt. Jordan. This 
officer was accompanied by three Indians of the Suco tribe, 
whose families were settled at Stroudwater, and supported 
by government. Pacific overtures were unsuccessful with 
the St. John and Cape Sable Indians, who had acquired the 
feelings and views of the French, and entered into all tlicir 
plans. When it was found that they would not join the 
Engli.sh, nor remain neutral, war was formally proclaimed 
against them in November, and the Pi'.nohsatts were re- 
quired to I'ender assistance to subdue them, in pursuance of 
former treaties. This requisition, as might have been ex- 
pected, was not complied with, and these children of the 
forest, by a natural attraction, were soon found fighting by 
the side of their red brethren against the English. War 
was therefore declared against them in August, 1745, and 
a high premium offered for scalps. 

" This subtle and vindictive enemy being again let loose 
from all restraint, started up from their swamps and mo- 
rasses, harassing the whole line of settlements, and com- 
mitting depredations upon the undefended plantations. 
Two companies were employed as .scouts between Saco and 
Brunswick, which were unable to find the Indians collected 
in any force ; but individuals and small parties would make 
sudden onsets for reprisal or revenge, and as suddenly dis- 
appear. In August a party was discovered in Gorhara, 
which was then a frontier post containing but few settlers, 
and in September some scattered Indians were traced in the 
neighborhood of Falmouth ; one was fired upon at Long 
Creek, and a few days after, a son of Col. Cushing of Pur- 
pooduck was killed by them. Four companies of volunteers 
were raised in Falmouth in September, and others in the 
neighboring towns to go in quest of them. They were all, 
however, unsuccessful ; for scarce had the presence of the 
enemy created alarm upon the whole frontier, than they 
suddenly retired far beyond the reach of observation. They 
were seen no more in this neighborhood during the year, 
but in the spring of 174ti they came in stronger force and 
hung round this vicinity the whole .sea.son. On the 19th 
of April, ten of them appeared at Gorham, where they 
killed a man by the name of Briant and his four children, 
and killed or carried away his wife and several other persons. 
In June they attacked the family of Wescott on Long 
Creek, killed and scalped two men and took their clothes 
and three guns ; this was done by seven Indians, when 
there were twenty-five soldiers within a gunshot of tiie 
place. A day or two after, an Indian was tired at from 
Mr. Frost's garrison at Stroudwater, and five days after 
another was seen near the causeway at the foot of Bramhall's 
hill. These indications of the presence of so subtle and 
dangerous an enemy, together with the appearance of larger 
bodies on the coast at Georges and Sheep.scot, created an 
unusual alarm among the people, and the inhabitants at 
Falmouth united vigorously in erecting a block-house liir 
the common defense. They hovered around the town all 
the summer, seizing every opportunity to plunder property 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR OF 1744. 



47 



and take captives or destroy life: they became so desperate 
as even to come upon the Neck after spoil ; in August, one 
was discovered in Brackctt's swamp. In the same month 
one of Mr. Proctor's family and two other persons were 
killed in Falmouth, and Philip Greeley in North Yarmouth, 
where about thirty Indians were discovered. The people 
here were kept in constant agitation during the season by 
these repeated depredations ; and the terror was more lively, 
as it was caused by an enemy who could not be confronted, 
and whose secret and sudden visitations were marked by 
desolation and blood. 

" But this excitement was raised to the highest point of 
fearful apprehension in the latter part of September, not 
only here but along the whole coast, by an expected inva- 
sion from France. On the 10th of September a French 
fleet, consisting of eleven sail of the line, with frigates, fire- 
ships, and transports, under the command of the Duke 
d'Anville, containing over three thousand troops, arrived in 
Nova Scotia, with the avowed purpose of visiting the whole 
coast of New England with destruction. On the receipt 
of this news, the country was aroused to a sense of its dan- 
ger, fifteen thousand men were in one week, the last of Sep- 
tember, marched into Boston for the protection of that 
place, and the people of Salem, Marblehead, and other 
towns upon the coast in Massachusetts moved their eflfects 
into the country. The alarm extended to Falmouth, and a 
meeting of the inhabitants was called to con.sider the ex- 
pediency of sending away the records, and to take other 
precautionary measures. It was voted to transport the town 
books to Newbury, and many people packed up their prin- 
cipal articles to send to a place of safety.* On the 16th 
of October a public fast was kept on account of the danger, 
to pray that it might be averted. But in the midst of this 
alarm and these preparations, news was received that an 
epidemic prevailed in the French fleet, that their admiral 
was dead, and that a violent gale of wind had dispersed the 
fleet and had destroyed some of the best ships. This was 
one of the most signal deliverances that New England had 
experienced. The French had sent out a powerful arma- 
ment, well appointed in all respects, breathing out threat- 
enings and slaughters upon the devoted colonies ; and 
nothing, apparently, but a succession of the most disastrous 
circumstances to the enemy, prevented tiieir entire destruc- 
tion. By an unaccountable remissness in the English gov- 
ernment, no naval force was seut after the French into these 
seas, so that the coast was left wholly unprotected by any 
human arm. 

" The spring of 1747 witnessed the renewal of Indian 
hostilities and alarm ; in March the inhabitants of Fal- 
mouth put three swivels into the Rev. Mr. Smith's house, 
which was used as a garrison. The enemy appeared first 
in Scarborough, April 13th, where they killed one man, and 
the next day they were seen in several places ; at Sacca- 
rappa they took a man by the uame of Knight and his two 

* In case of attack by his Christian Majesty's fleet our little village 
did not mean to surrender without firing a gun, for the town votad 
on this occasion that the "selectmen apply to Capt. Moses Pearson 
for the use of his Iwo great rjmu, to be placed on Spring Point, and 
to get four barrels of powder, balls, and Hints for the use of the 



sons, and in another part of the town, the same week, they 
killed a Mr. Elliot and his .son, and took one captive. On 
the 21st of April a party attacked the family of Mr. Fos- 
ter, whom they killed, and carried away his wife and six 
children, and killed several cattle ; the people here pursued 
them, and reported that they were about fifty in number; 
the next day Stephen Bailey was fired upon by a party of 
seven, near Long Creek. 

" These numerous and aggravated attacks aroused the 
people in the neighborhood to adopt some measures of pro- 
tection. The government, although appealed to, had pro- 
vided but one company of fifty men for the defense of this 
frontier, and thirty of those were stationed at Topsham to 
guard government timber, while the Indians were hovering 
over every settlement from Topsham to Wells. In this 
emergency a company of twenty-six volunteers was imme- 
diately raised in Falmouth, who placed themselves under 
the command of Capt. Lsaac Ilsley ; another was raised in 
Purpooduck, and another in North Yarmouth. Capt. 
Ilsley transported two whale-boats to the Sebago pond, for 
the purpose of pursuing them in that direction. These 
prompt measures had the efiect of keeping the enemy at 
bay, although during the whole summer the settlements 
were in a state of feverish excitoment.f In the latter part 
of August the arrival of a cartel from Canada with u num- 
ber of our soldiers intimidated the Indians, so that they re- 
treated from this quarter of the country, and were no more 
seen for that season. The next spring they reappeared, 
with an accession of numbers, at Brunswick and North 
Yarmouth, and waylaid the road even to New Casco : in 
which places they killed several persons, took a number of 
prisoners, and destroyed many buildings. But in the be- 
ginning of July the happy tidings of a suspension of arms 
in Europe, which resulted in the treaty of Aix-la-Cliapelle, 
put an end to the destructive warfare in this territory and 
relieved the people from I'uriher apprehension. 

" The most considerable event of this war, and indeed the 
greatest achievement which had taken place at any previous 
time in the colonies, was the capture of Louisbourg, in the 
Island of Cape Breton, June 17, 1745. This was the 
strongest fortification upon the continent, and wasparticulaily 
obnoxious to the people of Massachusetts by the refuge it 
aflbrded to those who sought every occasion to disturb 
their fisheries and interrupt their commerce. The con- 
quest was accomplished by the New England militia, con- 
sisting of three thousand six hundred men, assisted by an 
En'dish and provincial fleet, and aided by a combination of 
fortunate circumstances beyond the anticipation of the most 
sanguine adventurer. The enterjjrise was a very popular 
one, and soldiers were easily enlisted ; the number from 
Falmouth was about fifty, besides those who eutercd the 
service and were stationed at other places.;]; 

" The news of the capture was received here as in other 
parts of the colonies with the utmost enthusiasm; Mr. 
Smith says, ' we fired our cannon five times and spent the 

f The Indians this summer were accompanied by some Frenchmen. 

J Feb. 22, 1745, Mr. Smith says, "All the talk is about the expe- 
dition to Louisbourg. There is a marvelous zeal and cuncurrinco 
through the whole country with respect to it, such us the like was 
never seen in this part of the world." 



48 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUiNTY, MAINE. 



afternoon at tlie fort rejoicing ;' and again the next day, 
wliicli was Sunday, lie saj's, ' our people were again all day 
rejoicing, and extravagantly blew oB" a vast quantity of 
powder.' The .soldiers in the neighborhood who survived 
the expedition petitioned the governiuent for a township of 
land as a remuneration for their services and sufferings, 
which was granted in 1730, and now forms part of the 
town of Standish ; which, until its incorporation in 1785, 
bore the name of Pearsoiitown.* Mr. Pcai-.^ou commanded 
a company raised principally in Falmouth in the expedition,')' 
and after the surrender of the city he was appointed agent 
for Sir William Peppeiell's regiment, and treasurer of the 
nine regiments employed in the siege, to receive and dis- 
tribute the .spoils of the victory. The amount of booty 
divided among the officers and soldiers of the several com- 
panies was £11578 5.S. 5d. old tenor, principally in specific 
articles, besides about 318,000, the proceeds of the sales of 
captured property. Capt. Pearson remained at Louisbourg 
the remainder of the year 1745 and part of 174(5, superin- 
tending the construction of barracks and a hospital, and the re- 
pair of the fortifications, and in the spring he was sent home 
by Governor Shirley with a plan to procure a frame for ad- 
ditional barracks, and lumber to complete the works. J 



• "The names of these survivors may bo fuiin 1 subscribed to the 
petition, wliich was as follows : 

"To the lion. Spencer I'hips, Esq., Liculeniint Giivurnur :uul Ciim- 
mandcr-in-Chief in onJ over His Majesty's Province of the Mas- 
sachusetts Bay, in New England, and to the Honorable the Council, 
and House of Uepresentatives, in General Court assembled, Jan- 
uary, A.i). 174'J. 

"The petition of us, the subscribers, humbly shewcth, That where- 
as we were in the e.vpeUitiou against T^ouisbourg and the settlement 
adjacent, then under the command of the French King, being in said 
service, not only until but for some considerable time after the reduc- 
tion thereof, to the obedience of the King of Great Britain, ami some 
of us detained there for the defense of LouLsbourg until relieved liy 
his JIajesty's troops from Gibraltar, being about sixteen months from 
the time of entrance into said service to our arrival at our respective 
homes; the fatigue of said service your E.veelleney and Honours are 
well knowing to, and our wages but low while in said service, and as 
(many of us) were put out of our usual way of business, it termi- 
nated very detrimental to us, and as many of us have no lands fur set- 
tlement nor whcre^vith to pureliase any, Tiierefore we pray your 
honours to grant us a township, of the contents of six miles square, 
of some of the unappropriated lands of said Province, somewhere in 
the county of York, to be settled by your petitioners in snch time and 
uuder such rcstricfions as your Excellency and Honours, in your 
known wisdom, shall see meet to enjoin us, and as your petitioners in 
duty bound will ever pray. 

'• Motet I'litnuii, Ueorijc Kiilyht, Jatiac Ilslei/, Jacob Clcffoi-d, Jamce 
SpriHijer, Jeremiah Springer, Jeremiah Springer, jr., Gamaliel Pole, 
A'alh'l. IiirjemoU, Sumiiel GruvcD, Ebeiiezer Giiiliii, James Gilkeij, 
David JJimli/. flciija. .Sweelzer, Jeremiah Pole, Samuel Clark, Thomaa 
Ilraetell, Eliaha Pule, Samuel Liiiit.jr., Job Lilul, Samuel llMlijsl,iiis, 
John Vlart, John AnJertun, Mooe, Uoijihhin,, Joshua ItraekeU, Phillip 
Uo,l,j,k!n,, John PoKh, John Uohimn, Jiichard Temple, Stephen Clark, 
John Clark, Jarub True, Jusiah Huniwel, Samuel Lowell, John Owen, 
jr., Jaeob Uraffam, Joshua Moody, John Irish, William Heed, Abra- 
ham Sawyer, John Jtobcrts, Pcnivel JBerlon, Ueortjc Williams, William 
Pitman, John Ayre, Samuel Alieood." 

t George Knight was his lieutenant. The company was raised in 
Mareh, I74j. Samuel Waldo was brigadier-general, and second in 
comni.and of the land forces. The chief command was assigned to 
Wm. I'cpperoll, who was knighted on the occasion of the success. It 
was highly creditable to Maine that the two highest officers in this 
brilliiint expedition should have been taken from the only two regi- 
ments in our territory, rcpperoll's and Waldo's. 

X Moses Pearson was born in Newbury, in 1097, and was bv trade 



Several of the soldiers from Falmouth died at Louisbourg, 
after the .surrender, of the camp fever, and others were 
killed at Monas in an attack on that place in January, 1747, 
by the French and Indians, iimong whom were Capt. Jones 
and Moses Gilnian. Ebenczer Hall and Mr. Roberts died 
at Annapolis about the same time, and in the May follow- 
ing a number were killed and captured by Indians in an 
attack on the fort at Pemaquid. 

" The pay of the troops in the expedition to Louisbourg 
was, for a captain, in old tenor bills, eighteen pounds a 
month; lieutenant, twelve pounds; a .soldier, five pounds; 
the bounty for enlisting was four pounds, a month's wages in 
advance, and twenty shillings a week for subsistence. At 
the same time corn was thirty shillings a bushel, old tenor, 
or three shillings in silver, and flour ten pounds a hundred 
pounds, old tenor, equal to about nine dollars a barrel in 
our money. The expense of this expedition to Massachu- 
setts was one hundred and seventy-eight thousand pounds 
sterling, which was reimbursed by the English government. 

" The war had been very prejudicial to the people of the 
province in the loss of many lives, the interruption of the 
lumbering business, — the principal source of the prosperity 
of the inhabitants, — and the advance in price of all the 
articles of living. Capt. Pcar.soii, in a letter to Governor 
Shirley, July 7, 174G, writes, — • 

'■'I lin.l the Indian enemy very bn.>y an.l bu!d, so as to put the 
grciiler part of our lumbermen fiom their duty in lumbering to thiir 
arms and scouting for the defense of Iheir funulies, and others taken 
into the service for Canada.' 

"The .suspension of hostilities in Europe extended its 
beneficial influence on this side of the Atlantic, although 
its full fruits were not gathered until after the peace was 
concluded in October, 1748. As .soon as intelligence of 
the ratification of the tretity reached Boston, Governor Shir- 
ley took measures to communicate with the Indians, and, 
finding them dispo.sed to listen to an accommodation, com- 
missioners were appointed to meet them in Faliuouth."§ 

The treaty was concluded on the 16th of October, upon 
the principles of Mr. Dummer's treaty of 172G, and was 

a joiner. He moved here in 1728 or 1729, and came at once into 
notice by the activity of his mind and the interest he took in the 
affairs of the town. Within the first ten years of his residence here, 
he tilled the otfices of a committeeman to adjust tiic diflicultics 
between the old and new proprietors, town clerk, selectman, and town 
treasurer. In I7.'J7, 1740, and 1749 he represented the town in the 
General Court. In 1700, on the establishment of the county of Cum- 
berland, he was appointed the first sheriff, and held the office until 
17G.S; in 1770 he was appointed a justice of the Court of Common 
Pleas, the duties of which he continued to discharge until the llevolu- 
tion. About 17.'iO he purchased the land opposite the new custom- 
house, extending to Middle Street, of Daniel Ingersoll, and built a 
bouse there on i'ore Street, in which he lived until it was destroyed 
in the fire of 1775; on his death the property descended (o his heirsi, 
in whose possession it now remains; ho was a large j)roprietor in this 
town and Standish. He died in 177S, aged eighty-one. His children 
were Mary, Elizabeth, Sarah, Eunice, Anne, and Lois; he left no sou 
to perpetuate his name. These married Benjamin Titcomb, .Toscph 
Wise, Timothy Pike, Dr. Ueane, Daniel Dole, and Joshua Freeman. 

g They were Thomas Hutchinson, John Choate, Israel Williams, 
and James Otis, from Massachusetts, and John Downing and Theo- 
dore Atkinson, from New Hampshire. The Rev. William Wclstead 
aeeom{)anied them as chaplain, and Colonel Cotton as clerk. Sir 
William Pepperell had been appointed at the head of the eommissiun, 
hut had saile.l for Englanl before the tre.itv t....k |.l 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR OF 1744. 



49 



signed by six chiefs of the Wawenoch tribe, eiglit of the 
Norridge.wock, and five of the Penobscot tribe. 

Ill less than two months after this an affray took place 
at Wiscasset between tlie English and Indians, in which 
one of the latter was killed and two wounded. This un- 
happy affair produced a strong sensation throughout tlie 
province. One of the Englishmen — Albee — was tried at 
York and acfjuitted ; the other was arrested, but not tried. 
This created a dissatisfaction among the Indians which no 
overtures of conciliation on the part of tiie government 
could allay, and which the French availed themselves of the 
occasion to foster and encourage. 

In August, 1750, the PiMwhscot tribe was in arms, and 
the French were discovered furnishing them with supplies. 
The next month they were joined by Indians from Canada, 
and a general alarm prevailed at the threatening aspect of 
affairs. 

" Within a few days parties of the enemy were seen in 
Grorham, Windham, and Falmouth; one hundred men were 
raised here and in Scarborough to scout from Saco to Geor- 
ges, and Capt. Ilsley, ready to take the lead on occasions of 
this sort, marched the first company of scouts into tlie 
woods in September. These prompt measures had the 
effect of protecting our settlements for that seison, but 
early the next spring the enemy was found lurking again in 
our vicinity, which, accompanied by the sudden revolution 
in the circulating medium of the country occasioned by 
calling in the paper, and a severe epidemic which was raging 
violently in this province, produced incalculable distress 
among our people.* The inhabitants of this town suffered 
but little from the Indians this season, although they ap- 
peared at different points of our territory during the spring 
and summer. One man only, Job Burneli, was killed at 
New Casco. The regiment commanded by Col. Ezekiel 
Cushing, of Cape Elizubeth, furnished fifty men for the 
service, and in the cour.se of the summer, the government 
having made arrangements to enter into negotiations with 
the Indians, a new draft of one hundred men was made 
from the same regiment to escort and protect the commis- 
sioners.f The peace of 1749 was confirmed at St. Georges 
Aug. 3, 1751, by .some of the tribes, and a temporary ces- 
sation of hostilities followed. Conferences were also held 
in 1752 and 1753 with the Indians, who continued in a 
very unquiet state. At the conference in 1753 at St. 
Georges, the Indians admitted that they had received a let- 
ter from the French missionary stimulating them to adopt 
some measures in defense of their rights and their territory. 

w.\R OF 1754-5n. 
" After the peace of 1748, the two great European powers 
who were struggling for supremacy in North America, hav- 
ing perceived the growing importance of the immense do- 

* Mr. Smith's Journal notices these facts as follows: " 1751, April 
24, It is a melancholy time as ever the country knew, 1st on account 
of the great convulsion and perplexities relating to a medium, some 
towns not having raised any money for public ta.\es, nor chosen offi- 
cers; 2d, with respect to a war with the Indians; 3d, the epidemic 
fever; 4th, the coldness and wetness of the spring." 

The fever prevailed throughoirt this town, and a number of persons, 
especially children, died of it in October and November, 1750. 

f Smith's Journal. 

7 



minions they possessed on this side the Atlantic, each turned 
its attention to secure its power and to prepare for future 
difficulties. Commi.ssioners had been appointed in 1749 
by France and England to adjust the boundaries between 
their respective possessions, who, after numerous sessions and 
elaborate discussions at Paris, were unable to arrive at any 
satisfactory result. The French claimed the Kennebec 
River as the western boundary of their province of Acadia, 
and erected forts in that province to secure a passage over- 
land to Quebec. They also strengthened their positions in 
the rear of the English settlements, and erected new forts 
even upon the territory of the English Colonies. Their 
design was to connect their provinces of Louisiana and 
Canada, by a chain of forts which might enable them to 
keep up a communication, and while they secured them 
from invasion to be ready to seize any favorable opportunity 
to pursue offensive operations against their ancient enemy. 
It may easily be imagined that these hostile manifestations 
could not be viewed with indifference by a nation so jealous 
as the English, and loud complaints of these encroachments 
were made on both sides of the Atlantic. But the French, 
although they amused the English a while with the hope 
of giving them satisfaction, yet their object being solely to 
gain time, no reparation was made or intended. It was 
therefore evident that resort must be had to arms. To 
meet this emergency the British government recommended 
a convention of delegates from the several colonies with a 
view to produce unity of action and a more powerful com- 
bination of their forces. The meeting took place at Al- 
bany, June 19, 1754, and was one of the most respect- 
able assemblies, and, as the prototype of those of the 
Revoluticm, the most important in its consequences, of any 
which had been convened on this continent. It was one 
object of this meeting to conciliate the western Indians, on 
whom the French had long been practicing their seductions, 
but although large presents were distributed, the measure 
entirely failed ; the French had secured an influence over 
the wandering tribes which could not be dissolved by any 
art which the English were able to use. 

" While this course was being pursued to engage the 
alliance of the western Indians, Governor Shirley was en- 
deavoring to secure the favor of those in the east, and at 
the same time to take such steps as in case of failure would 
protect the frontier from their incursions. It had been 
rumored that the French had established a settlement 
between the Kennebec and Chaudiere Rivers, with a view 
to secure the passes from Quebec to IMaine, and to facilitate 
the march of their forces into New England. This report, 
although it afterwards appeared to have been unfounded, 
created "-reat alarm in Massachusetts and Maine, and the 
o-overnment immediately ordered a body of eight hundred 
men to be raised to break up the supposed settlement and, 
by suitable fortifications in that part of the country, to 
prevent the inroads of the enemy. Governor Shirley took 
the immediate command of the expedition, and, to avoid 
giving offense or alarm to the Indians, he invited them to 
a conference to be held at Falmouth, in June, and, in the 
mean time, vigorously prosecuted his preparations for the 
ulterior purposes of the enterprise. 

" On the 21st of June forty-two Indians of the Nonid'je- 



50 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



ic'ich tribe, punctual to tlioircnpigi'ment, arrived here : the 
Governor, witli a quorum of tlio Couiic-il and a number of 
representatives, arrived on the 2()th, and were received 
with ^'reat attention.* On the day after their arrival a 
public dinner was given to them in the court-house: the 
town was filled with people. The transports, with eight 
hundred troops, had arrived a day or two before, under the 
coniniaiid of General Winslow, and had formed a camp on 
Bangs' Island, and it is probable that the .soldiery contrib- 
uted to swell the crowd and magnify the parade. The con- 
ference wa.s held on the 28th of June. The Governor asked 
the consent of the Indians to build a fort at Ticonnet and 
another at Cushnoc Falls,| and pr()po.sed to them the ratifi- 
cation of former treaties. They took time to consider those 
propositions, and, on the 1st day of July, they gave their 
answer assenting to the peace, but refusing to grant permis- 
sion to erect the forts. The treaty was, notwithstanding, 
signed on the 2d of July, and on the 3d it was ratified, 
when their usual dance took place. The Indians left town 
on the same day, three of their young men going to Boston, 
the remainder returned home.J On the 5th, twenty-five 
Indians of the Penobscot tribe arrived, and the Governor 
met theui the .same day in the meeting-house, and on the 
next closed a treaty, in which tlicy bound themselves to 
remain at peace should hostilities with the French take 
place. The Governor continued in this neighborhood until 
July 30th, when he sailed for the Kennebec and proceeded 
to Ticonnet, where he marked out the site of a fort on a 
point formed by the junction of the Sebasticook with the 
Kennebec, which, when completed, was named Halifax. 
A part of the expedition proceeded up the river to the 
portage, and, .seeing no vestiges of French or Indians, they 
returned without having rendered service at all equivalent 
to the expense of the expedition. The Governor revisited 
this town on the 3d of September, and dojiarted for Boston 
ou the 8th. 

"This was one of the busiest .seasons that our inliabi- 
tants had ever witnessed. The town was kept in confusion 
the whole summer, and for many years after, it was com- 
mon to refer to the occasion as a measure of time, and the 
expression ' the year that Governor Shirley's treaty was 
made,' was as familiar before the Revolution as 'house- 
hold words.' Mr. Smith, after noticing in his journal the 
departure of the Governor, exclaims, ' Thus ended a sum- 
mer's scene of as much bluster as a Cambridge commence- 
ment, and now comes on a vacation when our house and 
the town .seem quite solitary !' One can readily imagine 
what an excitement must have been produced in town by a 
collection of the dignitaries of government and the repre- 
sentatives of two dreaded Indian tribes, when he reflects 



• The (joveriior took lodgings at tho house of Jiihcz Fo.\, K-^q., who 
wn« a member of the Council ; he lived ou the west side of E.\chiingo 
Sirei't, in a houi'o that had belonged to Phincas .Tones. Among the 
genllcmen present were Missrs. Danlorlh, Oliver, Bourn, Ilubbttril, 
Lincoln, Wheelwright, Jlinut, iind Hancock. 

t Ticonnet is a( the junction of the Sebasticook and Kennebec Rivers, 
in the town of Winslow; Cushnoc is now Augusla. 

% The canoes of tho Indians were hauled up on the bank where the 
cuslom-houso now stands, the ledge being then entirely covered with 
earth. The place was snbscriuently used as a ship-yard, which broke 
the ground, and Iho soil hoe since been all wosbod away. 



that the village on the Neck, where all the parade was ex- 
hibited, contained but one hundred and forty or one hun- 
dred and fifty families, making a population of about one 
thousand, and that tluj high officers of government were 
then invested by public opinion with vastly more reverence 
and splendor than at present exists. There were few houses 
in town which could give suitable accommodations to such 
visitors, and those must have been necessarily crowded. Mr. 
Smith says, in anticipation of the event, ' we have been paint- 
ing and fitting uji our house for the treaty which is approach- 
ing,' and June 28th, he .says, 'yesterday and to-day we 
had a vast concourse dined with us, at our expense.'§ 

" Notwithstanding the precautions of the previous year, 
the commencement of 1755 found all the colonies from 
Virginia to the St. Lawrence engaged in a war with tho 
Indians, and with the French of the neighboring provinces. 
As early as April the Indians appeared in Gorham and 
killed .several persons, and all the frontier towns were har- 
assed and sustained injury in the lives and property of their 
inhabitants. The whole country was alarmed by these 
attacks and by the appearance of a French fleet upon the 
coast. The government was making great exertions to 
prosecute the war with vigor ; but the.sc were spent rather 
for distant and brilliant operations than for securing the 
people from the marauding attacks of the savages. Two 
thousand New England troops sailed from Boston in May, 
1755, to subdue tho French in Nova Scotia, and achieved 
a signal victory in June. 

"In May, 1756,areport liavingbeen broughtto Falmouth 
that a body of one hundred and twenty Indians were coming 
ujion the frontier and were about spreading themselves from 
Brunswick to Saco, four companies of volunteers were im- 
mediately raised from among our people, and under the 
command of Captains Milk. Ilsley, Skillings, and Berry, 
went out in pursuit of them. Capt. Skillings marched in 
the direction of Windham, and succeeded in saving the 
])ciiple and property of that place; he arrived in season to 
put the enemy to flight soon after they had commenced an 
attack upon the inhabitants, in which one was killed and 
one wounded and scalped. The Indians loft five packs, a 
bow, a bunch of arrows, and several other articles. Ou 
another occasion the same year, when a report reached hero 
that the fort at St. Georges was attacked, a nundjer of our 
young men proceeded without delay to offer their assist- 
ance II In April, 1757, Joseph Cox and Mr. Bayley, of 
this town, fitted out a small expedition, on private (iccoiint, 
against the I't-nohscot Indians, and returned early in June, 
bringing with them two canoes, a quantity of oil, fish, and 
feathers, and the scalps of two men whom they had killed. 
The war in our part of the country was carried on in this 
desultory manner on both sides; the out-settlements were 
kept in continual alarm by small divisions of the enemy 
scattered over the ]jrovince, and lighting, like the wary 



j^ Mr. Smith was, however, compensated at the close of this scene, 
for he says, July 2Stli, '* Capt. Osborne sailed for Boston, having paid 
me one hundred pounds for my house.'' 

|[ The next year, in Se]>(ciuber, an alarm having been given of a 
great firing at Georges, and it being supposed that the fort there was 
attacked, one hundred and lifly men, mostly volunteer.", immediately 
hastened by w.ilcr to its relief. — Xinith't ./oiiii.. 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR OF 174-t. 



51 



li;iwk, wherever spoil was easy to be obtained ; no regular 
efforts were iiiade by either party. 

" The war was not formally declared by the Eiiu;lish until 
May, 1756, although hostilities in America had commenced 
two years before; the king in his declaration states that 
ever since the treaty of Aix-la-Cliapelle, the French had 
been making encroachments upon his American subjects, 
and had, in 175i, witiiout any previous notice, broke out 
into acts of open hostility and seized an English fort on the 
Oliio.* All attempts to procure reparation having been 
unavailing, the last resort of injured nations was applied. 
The first three years of the war had been generally unsuc- 
cossfu!-; it had been conducted at great expense and with- 
out much system. But in 1758, under the vigorous ad- 
ministration of the elder Pitt, English affairs, both in 
Europe and America, a.ssunied a new aspect, and- her arms 
became triumphant. In pursuance of a recommendation 
from Mr. Pitt, the General Court resolved to raise seven 
thousand men for an expedition against Canada ; this was 
the largest force ever raised by the province, but the hope 
of conquering Canada and driving from their neighborhood 
an enemy by whom they were expo.sed to continual fear and 
loss, stimulated them to an extraordinary effort. About 
six hundred men of this force were raised in Maine, and 
sailed for Kittery to join the army on the 21st of May. 
The result of the campaign was very unfavorable ; the 
principal object of the expedition, the capture of Ticonde- 
roga, failed, and our army of about fifteen thousand men 
disgracefully abandoned the siege, and retreated with loss 
of men and munitions of war before an inferior force. The 
ill success may be attributed partly to the fall of the accom- 
plished Lord Howe, at tiie commencement of the attack. 
The effect of this disaster was somewhat diminished by the 
capture of Louisbourg, which capitulated to our arms July 
2Gtli ; the siege had been carried on with great spirit, and 
the garrison did not surrender until they had lost fifteen 
hundred men, and the town was a heap of ruins.f The 
number of prisoners was five thousand six hundred and 
thirty-seven. The arrival of this intelligence at Falmouth 
on the 17th of August occa.sioned great joy, and the people 
spent the afternoon and most of the night in rejoicing.J 
The next year, the war was pursued with larger preparations 
and a more determined spirit on the part of the mother- 
country. The provinces also partaking of the zeal which 
animated the ministry at home, raised large supplies of men 
to co-operate in the favorite design upon Canada. Massa- 
chusetts raised six thousand eight hundred men, of whom 
two thousand five hundred served in the garrison at Louis- 
bourg, several hundred in the navy, three hundred joined 
General Wolfe before Quebec,§ and the remainder served 
under General Amherst, who entered Canada by Lake 
Champlain, with a triumphal progress, capturing in his 
course the forts at Ticonderoga, Crowu Point, and Niagara. 

■» This was Fort Du Quesne, now Pirtsburgh. 

f There were foiinti in this fortress two hundred and twenty-one 
pieces of cannon, eighteen mortiirs, and a large quantity of stores and 
ammunition. 

t -Smith's Journal, Aug. IT, 175S. 

jJ Among the persons from Falmouth who served in Wolfe's army 
Brig. Preble, then a captain, John Waiic, afterwards a colonel, and 
William M'Lellan. 



" It was one of the conditions imposed by the General 
Court in voting the last division of this large enlistment of 
soldiers, that four hundred men of the levy should be em- 
ployed under the direction of the Governor, to erect a fort 
at the mouth of Penobscot River. In pursuance of this 
plan. Governor Pownal went to Penobscot in May|| and 
constructed upon a point in the town of Pro.spect, since 
called Fort Point, one of tiie nio.st substantial and well- 
appointed fortifications that had ever been erected in Mainc.^ 
Governor Pownal was accompanied in this expedition by 
Brig.-Gen. Waldo, who, being a large proprietor in the 
Waldo patent, on which the fort was laid out, was deeply 
interested in the result of the enterprise. 

" But while Gen. Waldo was pointing out to the Gov- 
ernor the limit of his territory in or near Bangor, the 
bounds of his own life were fixed ; he suddenly fell, and 
expired in a few moments of an apoplectic fit.** The fort 
was placed under the command of Capt. Jedediah Preble, 
of this town, on his return from Canada in 1751}.ff 

" The campaign of 1759 was crowned with complete suc- 
cess by the capture of Quebec, on the 17th of Sejitember. 
No event could have produced greater joy in the colonies 
than tliis. It had been the place from which, for a long 
series of years, had issued the decrees that had armed and 
let loose upon our frontiers a merciless and remorseless 
enemy. Various unsuccessful attempts had been made in 
the previous sixty years, at an immense cost and an extrav- 
agant waste of life, to drive this power from the continent. 
Now that the object of the most ardent wishes of the colo- 
nists was accomplished, public feeling swelled to the highest 
note of joy. Mr. Smith, in his journal, saj's, 'The country 
is all in extasy upon the surprising news of the conquest of 
Quebec' Information of the battle on the plains of .\bra- 
ham, September 13th, in which the opposing generals, Wolfe 
and Montcahu, were killed, reached here October 14lh. On 
the 15th and ICth the cannon at the fort were fired, Mr. 
Mayo's house was illuminated and small-arms were fired in 
the evening. Jl The next evening three mast ships in the 



[[ He touched in here May 4th, and remained until the Sth. 

Tf It was called Fort Pownal, in compliment to the (jovcrnor, and 
cost five thousand pounds, which was repaid by England. 

is- Williamson, 2, 338. Gen. Waldo was son of Jonathan Waldo, 
a respectable merchant in Boston, who died in 1731, leaving a large 
estate to his five children, lie was interested in eastern lands, and 
his son, Samuel, was connected with him in these speculations. On 
his death, Samuel came into possession of largo tracts here and farther 
east. The general was the largest proprietor of land in this town for 
many years, having purchased the rights of old proprietors previous 
to 1730. In 17.10 he bought eight hundred acres of the proprietors' 
committee, and seized every opportunity to extend his interest here. 
He was an active, intelligent, and persevering man, and spent much 
time in town. He died at the age of sixty-three, leaving two sons, 
Samuel and Francis, who lived in this tiiwn, and daughters, Hannah, 
married to Isaac Winslow, of Roxbury, and Lucy, married to Thomas 
Fluckor, of Boston, who were the parents of the late Gen. Knox's 
wife; a third son, Kalph, died young. Gen. Waldo went to England 
in 1729 to defend the interest of the Lincoln proprietors, and pub- 
lished a pamphlet in vindication of their rights. 

•f-f Mr. Preble had the command of a company of provincial troops 
in the exjiedition against Canada, was in the battle on the (daius of 
Abraham, before the city of Quebec, and near Gen. Wolfe when ho 
fell. He was subsequently promoted. 

ft Ebeuezer Mayo ; his house stood on the west side of King Street, 
near the corner of Newbury Street. He was a respectable merchant, 



62 



HISTOKY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



harbor were illuminated. The 25th of the same month was 
observed as a Jay of public thanksgiving fur the brilliant 
successes of the campaign. 

"Tiie French power in this country having been thus 
broken, the Indians, who had Ibugiit under it, immediately 
sought safety by submission to the con(iuerur. In the spring 
of 17(!0 tlie I'liioljscri/s, the St. Johns, and I'ass'niiiiqiioJdT/ 
Indians, and those of Nova Scotia, finding they could not, 
unaided by French power and influence, resist the English 
arms, entered into a treaty of peace, and from that time for- 
ever ceased to become formidable in the northern colonies. 
The conquest of Canada was completed Sept. 8, 1700, by 
the surrender of Montreal, the other posts of the French 
having previously capitulated ; but in Europe the war was 
not terminatad until February, 1763. News of the surren- 
der of Jlontreal and the total extinguishment of French 
hopes on this continent was received in town Sept. 20, 1700, 
and caused a renewal of the rejoicing of the preceding year. 
On the evening of September 22d, Rev. Mr. Smith's house 
and several others on the Neck were illuminated, and a 
public thanksgiving was kept for the reduction of Canada. 

" By the treaty of peace, which was signed at Paris, the 
French ceded all Canada to Great Britain and Louisiana to 
Spain, and thus took leave of the North American conti- 
nent, since which they have never had foothold upon it, 
save the short period, in the reign of Napoleon, that they 
held Louisiana. When it is considered bow much blood 
had been shed, how much suffering, desolation, and sorrow 
had been brought upon the English colonies by the arms 
and the influence of the French over the Indians, their ever- 
faithful allies, from 1088, we cannot be surprised at the 
deep and well-founded satisfaction with which they viewed 
the removal of all fear of future alarm and depredation 
from that quarter." 



CHAPTER X. 

PEKIOD OF THE REVOLUTION. 

Preliminary Stages — Committees of Safety ami Correspondence — Tlio 
Stamp-Act — Burning of Stninj^s in Kalmoutli — Rejoicing upon the 
Repeal of the Act — Other Oppressive Mea.'^urc." — The Non-l\npor- 
tation Agreement — Falmouth acting promptly with Boston — Dec- 
laratitin of the County Convention. 

At the time of the breaking out of the Revolutionary 
war the settlements in the province of Maine were chiefly 
upon the seaboard. In this county the settlements were 
mainly upon Ca.seo Bay, extending from New Meadows 
River, on the east, to Pine Point, on the west, and includ- 
ing the two extremes of Ilarpswell and Scarborough. Tlie 
only interior towns in the county at that time were Gorham, 
^Yilldham, and New Gloucester. In what are now Bald- 
win, Bridgton, Gray, Raymond, and Standish, there were 
small settlements, but they were included in the territory of 
l)ie other incorporated towns. The towns in the order of 
their relative importance, on the basis of population and 



and ciimo hero from Boston. Ho left three children, — .\pphia, Sii 
con, nod Klicni'zrr, tlio last of whom was born in 171)1. 



commercial enterprise, were at this time Falmouth, North 
Yarmouth, Brunswick, Scarborough, and Cape Elizabeth. 

Falmouth was at this period the most important seaport 
of the province, and the chief centre of those civic and 
military operations which characterized this portion of the 
country during the Revolution. 

It is not our purpose in this place to enter upon a gen- 
eral history of the war, nor of the causes which led to it ; 
it is enough for our present purpose if wc can put upon 
record some of the memorable acts of the people of this 
county, and of some of the more important towns eouipos- 
ing it, in a struggle which changed our country from 
colonial servitude to independence, and our people from de- 
pendence on a foreign government to the sovereign rights 
and liberties of citizenship. 

For several years preceding the actual commencement of 
hostilities, the danger of a conflict between the colonies and 
the mother-country had been anticipated, and Committees 
of Safety and Correspondence established in most of the 
towns. As to what particular acts were done by these 
committees but little is known, as the records which have 
been preserved of them are very meagre. It is known, 
however, that they kept up a correspondence with similiar 
committees of the other towns, more especially with Bos- 
ton and the larger places, and were thus made seas'inably 
acquainted with the condition of affairs over the whole 
country. Delegates were also sent to the General Court and 
Provincial Congress, and to other important bodies in Bos- 
ton and elsewhere, and were active in devising measures of 
defense and in shaping the general policy of the colonies 
during the preliminary period of the struggle. In the fall 
of 1705, Col. Samuel Waldo was elected by the people of 
Falmouth to represent that town in the General Court which 
commenced on the 23d of October of that year, and 
was instructed to use his utmost exertions to prevent the 
execution of the stamp-act in the province of Maine. lie 
was, however, unfriendly to the " party of liberty," which 
at this time constituted a majority of his constituents, and 
was never again elected.* The House at this session, by a 
strong majority, expressed its disapprobation of the stamp- 
act, and was about to pass a resolution instructing the offi- 
cers of the courts and custom-houses to proceed to business 
as u.sual without the use of stamped papers, when it was 
prorogued by the Governor. Notwithstanding this action, 
many of the courts were opened as usual, and the custom- 
house officers iu Boston granted clearances without being 
stamped. In this county the same spirit of defiance to the 
obnoxious act prevailed. The Inferior Court assembled at 
Falmouth on the 1st of January, 170(3, and proceeded to 
business as usual, without stamped papers."}" It seems that 
the custom-house officers here were disposed to enforce the 
act, for on the 8th of January a mob as.sembled and 
threatened the custom-house ; and on the 25th another mob 
assembled and burned some stamped clearances which had 
that day been brought by a brig from Halifax and deposited 
with the officer of customs. As soon as the inhabitants 
had notice of the fact, they assembled and marched in u 

* Josiah Preble, a stauneb Whig, was chosen without opposition as 
his successor. 

f Dcanc's Diary, Jan. 1, 17fi6. 



PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION. 



53 



body to the custom-liouse and demanded to have the stamps 
given to them immediately, deniandin<; that " an article so 
odious to all America" should not be kept there.* After 
receiving; them they were carried through the town on the 
end of a pole, and then committed to a fire prepared for 
that purpose, amidst the acclamations of a great concourse 
of people.f 

The odious stamp-act was repealed in March, 1766, and 
the demonstration at Falmouth, on the reception of the 
news, is thus described in the Boston Evening Post of the 
2d of June : 

" On Sunday noon nn express was receivcil from Portsmouth, with 
the confirmation of the great and glorious news, which seemed to 
change tlie countenances of all ranlis of people, and_ everj friend of 
liberty was filled with pleasure and satisfaction, — on which occasion 
an anthem was sung after service at church. The morning following 
wa3 ushered in with every demonstration of loyalty and joy that 
could possibly be expressed, such as ringing of bells, firing of cannon 
at the fort and on board the shipping fn the harbor, having all their 
colors displayed, beating of drums, etc., when many loyal toasts were 
drunk, viz.. The Queen— The Rnyal Family— The ,jre,it Pill—Cun- 
wny — fliirre, etc., etc. ; and on Tuesday the same noble sjiirit ap- 
peared. In the evening the houses of the town were beautifully 
illuminated, fire-works played off, bonfires erected, etc. The whole 
concluded with so much order and decorum that it did great honor to 
the town." 

But, although the stamp-act was repealed, Parliament 
continued to levy a tax on the chief articles imported into 
the colonies. Falmouth was not long beliiiid Boston in 
resisting this by a most peculiar and effective method. 
Boston resolved not to u.se the taxed articles, and, on the 
4th of December, 1767, the people of Falmouth " voted 
that this town highly approves of the measures of the town 
of Boston, to encourage home manufactures, and that this 
town will at all times endeavor to suppress the use of 
foreign ones and encourage industry and economy, agree- 
ably to the plan proposed by the town of Boston. "J 

In September, 1768, when a convention had been called 
at Faneuil Hall to protest against the order of the British 
to send a body of troops to Boston to put down the revolt 
against the taxes, Falmouth elected and sent Gen. Preble 
as a delegate, with instructions to use every laudable means 
within his power to bring about a redress of grievances. 
The troops were brought from England and quartered in 
Boston, and were a source of great vexation to the people 
till March 5, 1770, when they fired upon the citizens and 
killed five men. Then the Yankee vengeance was aroused, 
and the troops had to be removed ; the soldiers and officers 
who fired upon the citizens were committed for trial ; the 
tax upon tea and other articles was also modified, but not 
in a manner to give the colonies the relief required. 

On the 24th of December, 1772, a meeting of the 
inhabitants of Falmouth was held, at which " a large and 
respectable committee" was chosen to consider what is 
convenient to be done in order to redress public grievances, 
in answer to a committee of the town of Boston. The 
committee consisted of Enoch Freeman, Stephen Long- 
fellow, David Wyer, Jr., Theophilus Bradbury, Stephen 



« Willis' History of Portland. 

t Boston Evening Gazette, Feb. 3, 1 7CG. 

} Willis, Uist. Portland. 



Waite, William Slemons, Benjamin Titcomb, Richard Cod- 
man, John Waite, Mo.ses Pear.son, Benjamin Musscy, and 
Enoch Ilsley. 

Wm. Tyng was representative in 1772 and 1773, he was 
also sheriff of the county; he was a prerogative man, but 
probably had not taken the decided stand against popular 
opinion which he afterwards did, and which obliged hira 
to fly. The instructions to Mr. Tyng were as follows : 

"Sin, — Whereas we are sensible there is reason to complain of in- 
fringements on the liberties of the people of this province, and, as you 
are a representative for this town, we would offer a few things for your 
consideration on transacting the very important busincsfe thatr may 
lay before the Gcner.al Court at the next session. We are not about to 
enumerate any grievances particularly, as we doubt not the wisdom of 
the General Court is amply sufficient to investigate, not only every 
grievance, but every inconvenience the province at present liibors 
under; all wo mean is to suggest some method whereby all grievances 
may be redressed. And considering the singular abilities and good 
disposition of the present Governor, together with his family, being 
embarked on the same bottom with ourselves, we know of no expe- 
dient more effectual than for the members of the General Court, by a 
rational and liberal behavior, to conciliate the affections of his ex- 
cellency. The particular mode of doing this, we must leave to their 
wisdom and prudence, which on this important occasion they will un- 
douljtedly exert, only beg leave to observe that could his excellency 
be prevailed upon to join the other branches of the Legislature in 
supplicating the throne for redress of any of our grievances; it ap- 
pears to us the most probable way of obtaining his majesty's royal 
attention and relief." 

Up to this time the people of the colonics had hardly en- 
tertained the idea of separation from the mother-country. 
The tone hsrd been conservative, evincing a desire for mode- 
rate and conciliatory measures, hoping that those might 
finally prevail with the king and Parliament in securing the 
redress which the country demanded. Especially was this 
the state of feeling in places remote from Boston, where the 
inhabitants had not been wrought up to the same pitch of 
excitement. It continued so till after the destruction of the 
tea in Boston harbor, and the passage by Parliament of cer- 
tain arbitiary and oppressive acts, which no longer left the 
colonies in doubt as to the tyrannical iutentions of the Eng- 
lish government. 

" Their whole displeasure was poured out upon Massa- 
chusetts. On the cilst of March the Boston port bill was 
passed, by which the officers of the customs were removed 
from Boston, and all trade interdicted with that place. 
This was followed by an act for ' the better regulating the 
government of Mas.sachusetts Bay,' by which the appoint- 
ment of all civil officers of the colony was taken from the 
people and vested in the crown. And a third act, nomi- 
nally 'for the itnpartial administration of justice,' author- 
ized the removal of persons indicted for any capital offense 
committed in the support of public authority, to England 
or some other colony for trial. These acta passed both 
houses of Parliament by overwhelming majorities. 

" The effect of these severe laws was to unite at once all 
parts of the continent in measures of resistance. The 
several towns in the province promptly expressed their 
sympathy towards the people of Boston, their readiness to 
assist them, and their firm determination to aid them in the 
great cause of American liberty. On the 14th of June, 
the day on which the harbor of Boston was shut, the bell 
in Falmouth was muftled and tolled all day without ccssa- 



5t 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



tion, frnm sunrise until nine o'clocic in tho evening,* and 
the 2i)tli was observed in town as a day of fast, on account 
of the irlooniy state of affairs. The next day a meeting of 
the inliabitants was held to take into consideration the 
alarming state of this province, and of the otiier provinces, 
when it was voted that the Committee of Correspondence be 
directed to write a letter of sympathy to the inhabitants of 
Roston, and assure them of the encouragement and support 
of this town as far as their abilities extended. They also 
voted to write to tlie principal towns in Massaeliusetts to 
ascertain their views in relation to the non-importation 
agreement. Elopes were still entertained that this engine, 
which had operated so powerfully upon the stamp-act, might 
again be used with success. With this view endeavors were 
made to bring about a union on this point, in which the 
people of the several colonics heartily concurred. A public 
meeting in Now York, held in July, expressed the opinion 
' that a non-importation agreement faithfully observed would 
prove the most efficacious means to procure a redress of 
grievances.' On the 2lid of July, Falmouth voted to ob- 
serve the non-injporlation agreement, and the same meeting 
recommended that a contribution should be taken in the 
several parishes for the relief of the poor in Boston. f On 
the 25th of August another meeting was held, on occasion 
of a circular from Boston, in anticipation of the arrival of 
the two acts of Parliament altering the course of justice 
and annihilating the constitution of the province. The 
meeting expressed a firm opposition to these obnoxious 
measures, their trust that some method of redress would bo 
adopted by the approaching Congress, and their ardent wish 
that harmony with tho mother-country might be again 
restored. The town at the same time recommended that a 
convention should be held of delegates from all the towns 
in the county for the purpo.se of effecting a concert of action 
in relation to the non-importation agreement and other 
measures of general interest, and appointed a committee to 
attend the convention and correspond with other towns on 
the subject.;]; In pursuance of this recommendation, a con- 
vention of delegates from the several towns in the county 
a.sscmbled at Falmouth September 21st. A large collection 
of people came to town the same day to compel Sheriff 
Tyng to refuse compliance with the act of Parliament 
regulating civil government in the province." 

We give below the report of this convention entire, to- 
gether with the remarkably able statement and declaration 
put forth by that body. This statement, antedating the 
Declaration of Independence by nearly two years, was 
pre]iared, it is believed, by Hon. Charles Freeman, of Fal- 



» The act went into o|icrntion June 1st, but vessels then within 
the hnrbor were nllowcJ until the l-lth to depart, after whieh no ves- 
sels were allowed to go in or out except eoastivise with provisions for 
the sustenance of the inhaliitnnls. The House of Burgesses in Vir- 
ginia appointed the first day of June to be kept as a day of faslin" 
and prayer; and in Philadelphia the bells were run;; uiultlcd, and 
business was generally suspenrled. 

t This was had in the first parish September 11th, thcauiount raised 
in town wc cannot ascertain. In February, 1775, Falmouth sent to 
Boston as a donation, fifty-one and a half cords of wood, and Capo 
Eliz:ibi'th, forty-four and a half cords. 

JTbccouiniitleo connisted of Knoch Freeman, Stephen Longfellow, 
Enoch Ilsley, Samuel Freeman, Richard Codman, and John Waite. 



mouth, who was clerk of the meeting and chairman of the 
committee. 

" I'roceediiuji, of the Convcnlim, of Deleijalcs from the luimt in Cnmhcr- 
laud Connlij, Sept. 21, 177+, til t'lilmonlh, fur the purpose of effect in g 
a concert of action in refotion to it non-iinportution otjreenient, etc. 
" At a meeting of the following gentlemen, chosen by the several 
towns in the county of Cumberland, held at Falmouth, in said county, 
on the 21st day of Seiitcmbcr, 1774, at the house of Mrs. (ireeic, viz. : 
from Fiilnioitfh, the Hon. Enoch Freeman, Esq., Stephen Longfellow, 
Esq., Mr. Kichard Codman, Capt. John Waite, Mr. Enoch Ilsley, and 
Mr. Samuel Freeman ; Scnrhomuijh, Capt. Timothy McDaniel, Capt. 
lleubi'n Fogg, Mr. Joshua Fabyan : North Yarmouth, Mr. Jolm Lewis, 
David Mitchell, Esq., Messrs. Jonathan Mitchell, Jolin Gray, William 
Cutter; Gorham, Solomon Lombard, Esq., William Oorhnm, Esq., 
Capt. Edmund Phiney, Capt. Briant Morton, Mr. Joseph Davis; Cape 
Elizaheth, Dr. Cle ment J^ dan, Messrs. Peter Woodbury, Samuel 
Dunn, Capt. Judah Dyer, Dr. Natha niel J ones, Mr. George Strout; 
ISrnnswick, Messrs. Samuel Thompson, Sauiuel Stanwood, Capt. Thos. 
MouUon ; Ilnrpsmcll, Mr. Joseph Ewing, Capt. John Stover, Mr. An- 
drew Dunning; Wuulham, Messrs. Zerubbabcl llonywell, Thomas 
Tro!t, David Barker; AVk. Gloucester, Messrs. William Harris, Ifaac 
Parsons. 

•'Thellon Enoch Freeman, Esq., was chosen chairman; Mr. Samuel 
Freeman, clerk. 

" A committee from the body of people, who were assembled at the 
entrance of the town, waited on this convention to see if they would 
choose a committee of one member out of each town to join them to 
wait upon Mr. Sheriff Tyng, to see wliether he would act in his office 
under the late act of Parliament for regulating the government. 

'' On a motion made, l'o/c(/, Tliat a messenger be sent to the said 
.Sheriff Tyng to desire his attendance at this convenlion. A messenger 
then waited upon Mr. Tyng, with the following billet, viz. : 

" ' Mr. Sheriff Tyng's company is desired at tlie convention of the 
county, now sitting at Mrs. Grcele's. 

"S.\Mt:i:L FllKCMAN, Vterh, 

" ' Wcilnesday, Sept. 21, 1771, II o'clock .\.ji.' 

"Mr. Tyng accordingly attended, and, after some interrogations, 
subscribed the following declarations, viz. ; 

'"Coc.NTY OF Cii.«BKRLANi>, Fai.moutii, Sept. 21, 1774. 
" * Whereas great numbers of the inhabitants of this county are now 
assembled near my house, in consequence of tlie false representation 
of some'cvil-minded persons, wlio have rcjiortcd that I have endeavored 
all in my power to enforce tho late acts of Parliament relating to this 
province, I do hereby solemnly declare that I have not in any w y 
whatever acted or endeavored to act in conformity to said act of Par- 
liament; and in compliance with the commands of the inhabitants so 
assemblcil, and by the advice of a committee from the several towns 
in this county now assembled in Congress, I further declare I will not 
as sheriff of said county, or otherwise, act in conformity to, or by virtue 
of, said acts, unless by the general consent of tlie said county. I 
further declare I have not received any commission inconsistent 
with the charter of this province, nor any commission whatever since 
the 1st day of July last. 

"'William Tv.nc' 

**' County of Cumberland, — At the convention of committees from 

the several towns in the said county, held at the house of Mrs. Greele, 

in Falmouth, in said county, Sept. 21, 1774, Voted, Thnt the foregoing, 

by William Tyng, Esq., subscribed, is satisfactory to this convention. 

" ' Attest : Samikl F'kkkman.' 

** The convention then formed themselves into a committee to accom- 
pany Mr. Tyng to the liody of (he people to present the above decla- 
ration, and adjourned to the old town house at three o'clock p.m., tho 
deliberation to be in public. 

"The committee accordingly went with Mr. Tyng, who read the 
declaration to the people, which tiny voted to be satisfactory, and, 
after refreshing themselves, returned peaceably to their several houus. 

"Three o'clock p.m., met according to adjournment. 

" r.//<,i/, That Mr. Samuel Freeman, Solomon Lombard, Esq., Ste- 
phen Longfellow, Esq., David Mitchell, Esq., John Lewis, Capt. John 
Waite, Samuel Thompson, Capt. Timothy McDaniel, Dr. Nathaniel 



PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION. 



55 



Jones, Isanc Parsons, Enoch Freeman, Esq., David Barker, and Capt. 
J(»lin Sluver be a coiniuittee to draw up tlie sentiments of this conven- 
tion and report the same at the adjournment. 

*' Then adjourned to Thursday morning at eight o'clock. 

" St'jtteiiiber 22. — Met according to adjournment, when the commit- 
tee prosinted the following report, which, after being read paragraph 
by paragraph, was unanimously accepted, viz.; 

"The great concern with which the people of this county view the 
increasing differences which now subsist between the mother-country 
and the colonies, and the dark prospect which some late acts of the 
British parliament have in particular opened to them, has occasioned 
the several towns herein to choose committees for this convention, *to 
consider what measures it would be thought expedient to adopt for 
the general interest of Ihe county in the present alarming situation 
of our ])ublic affairs.* We therefore, the said committees, pursuant to 
tlie request of our respective towns, guided by a strong attachment to 
the interests of our oppressed country, think it proper, with respect 
and deference to our brethren in other countries, to make known our 
minds, as follows: 

" We think it the indispensable duty of every subject of the English 
constitution, for our own sakcs as well as that of future generations, 
to use his utmost care and endeavor, according to the station he is in, 
to preserve the same inviolate and unimpaired; for we regard it not 
only as the foundation of all our civil rights and liberties, but as a 
system of government the best calculated to promote the peo(>le's peace 
and happiness. And we lament that in the present administration 
there are men so lost to all the principles of honor, equity, and justice 
as to attempt a violation of the rights which we have long enjoyed, 
and which, while we profess ourselves, as we now declare we do, alle- 
giant subjects to George the Third, our rightful sovereign, we have a 
right still to enjoy entire an<l unmolested ; and it is a melancholy con- 
sideration that the acknowledged head of this re-pectcJ State should 
be induced to pass his sanction to such laws as tend to Ihe subversion 
of that glorious freedom which preserves the greatness of the British 
empire and gives it reputation throughout all the nations of the civil 
world. It is too apparent that the British ministry have lung been 
hatching monstrous acts to break our constitution, and some the}' have 
at length brought forth. We think the colonies deserve a better 
treatment from his majesty than this which he assents to. We arc his 
loyal subjects, and merit his regard, and cannot help thinking that if 
he would pursue his own unbiased judgment, and lay aside the selfish 
counsel of wicked and designing men, he and his subjects would be 
mutually happy, and provocations on both sides cease. But since the 
ministry have borne their tyr.anny to such a length as to endeavor to 
execute their wicked designs by military force in our metropolis, we 
fear it is their aim to introduce despotic monarchy. But though 
their tyranny .and oppression seems now with hasty strides to threaten 
all the colonies with ruin and destruction, we hope no vengeance will 
affright or wiles allure us to give up our dear-bought liberty, that 
choicest boon of heaven, which our fathers came into these regions to 
enjoy, antl which we therefore will retniu while life enables us to 
struggle for its blessings. 

'■We believe our enemies supposed we must submit and tamely give 
up all our rights. It is true a vigorous opposition will subject us to 
many inconveniences, but how much greater will our misery be if we 
relinquish all we now enjoy, and lay our future earnings at the mercy 
of despotic men ? We cannot bear the thought. Distant posterity 
would have cause to curse our folly, and the rising generation would 
justly execrate our memory. AVe therefore recommend a manly op- 
position to those cruel acts and every measure which despotism can 
invent to 'abridge our English liberties;' and we hope that patience 
will possess our souls till Providence shall dissipate the gloomy cloud 
and restore us to our former happy state. 

"The late act for regulating the government of this province we 
consider in particular as big with mischief and destruction, tending 
to the subversion of our charter and our province laws, and in its dire 
example alarming to all the colonies. This, through the conduct of 
some enemies among ourselves, will soon bring us into difficulties 
which will require some able counsel to remove. We therefore recom- 
mend to each town in this county to instruct their several representa- 
tives to resolve themselves, with the other members of the House at 
their approaching session, into a Provincial Congress for this ]iurposc. 

"To tliis Congress we shall submit the gener.il interest of the pro- 
vince, but, for the particular benefit of this county, we do advise and 
recorameud, — 



" 1. That the justices of the sessions and Court of Common Pleas, 
and every other civil officer in this county, which no authority can 
remove, but that which constituted them agreeable to charter anil our 
own provincial laws, would religiously officiate in their several de- 
partments, as if the aforesaid act had never been invented, and that 
every private person would pay a strict obedience to sucli officers, bo 
ahv.ays ready to protect and to suppoit them, and promote a due 
observance of our own established laws. And if any person whatso- 
ever should henceforth in any manner dare to aid the operation of the 
said tyrannic act, they should be considered as malignant enemies to 
our charter righ's, unlit for civil society, and undeserving of the least 
regard or favor from their fellow-countrymen. 

"2. That every one would do his utmost to discourage law-suits, 
and likewise compromise diiiputes as much as possible. 

"3. That it be recommended to the Hon. Jeremiah Powell, Esq., 
and Jedcdiah Preble, Esq., constitutional counselors of this province, 
residing in this county, that they would take their ]daecs at the board 
the ensuing session as usual. 

" 4. We cannot but approve of the recommendation given by the 
convention of Suffolk County to the several collectors of province 
ta.xes, not to pay one farthing more into the province treasury until 
the government of the province is |daced on a constitutional founda- 
tion, or until the Provincial Congress shall order otherwise; and we 
recommend the same to the several collectors in this county. But we 
think it the duty of the several collectors of county, town, and district 
taxes to perfect their collections, and pay the same into their several 
treasuries as soon as possible. And here we think it proper to obser\-e, 
that though we do not coincide in every instance with our Suflolk 
brethren, which may be owing to a want of knowing all Ihe circum- 
stances of affairs, yet we highly aj.pland their virtuous zeal and 
determined resolutions. 

" 5. We recommend to every town in this county charitably to 
contiibute to the relief of our suffering brethren in our distressed 
metropolis. 

"6. Lest oppression, which maketh even wise men m.ad, should 
hurry some people into tumults and disorders, we would recommend 
that every individual in the county use his best endeavors to suppress, 
at all times, riots, mobs, and all licentiousness; and that our fellow- 
subjects would consider themselves, as they always are, in the presence 
of the great God, who loveth order, and not confusion. 

"7. That, when a general non-importation agreement takes place, 
we shall look upon it to be Ihe duty of every vender of merchandise 
to sell his goods at the present rates; and if any person shall exorbit- 
antly enhance the prices of his goods, we shall look upon him as an 
oppressor of his country. And in order to prevent imposition in this 
respect, we recommend that a committee be chosen in each town to 
reeeive complaints against any who may be to blame herein. And if 
he shall refuse to wait on such committee, on notice given, or be 
found culpable in this respect, his name shall be published in the 
several towns of the county as undeserving of the future custom of 
his countrymen. 

"S. Th-jt everyone who has it in his power wouM improve our 
breed of sheep, and as far as passible, increase their number; and 
also encourage the raising of flax, and promote the manufactures of 
the country. 

"9. As the very extraordinary and alarming act for establishing 
the Roman Catholic religion, and French laws in Canada, may intro- 
duce the French or Indians into our frontier towns, we recommend 
that every town and individual in this county should be provided 
with a proper stock of military stores, according to our province law, 
and that some patriotic military officers be chosen in each town to 
exercise their several companies, and make them perfect in the mili- 
tary art. 

"10. Our general grievances being the subject of deliberation be- 
fore the Continental Congress, renders it inexpedient to consider 
them particularly : on their wisdom we have a great dependence, and 
we think it will be our duty to lay aside every measure to which we 
have advised that may be variant from theirs, and pay a due regard 
to their result. 

" And now we think it proper to declare that, as we have been re- 
counting the hardships we endure by the machinations of our enemies 
at home, we cannot but gratefully acknowledge our obligation to those 
illustrious worthies, our friends of the minority, who constantly op- 
posed those wicked measures, and would heartily wish that some great 
and o-ood men would invent and mark out some plan that will unite 



5(! 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Ilio parent Sill to to those its colonics, ami tlicicby prevent the effusion 
or Christ inn bluoil. 

"Then, void, That every member of this convention be severally 
interrogated, ivhethcr he now has, or will hereafter take, any commis- 
sion iiniler the present act of Parliament for regulating the govern- 
ment of this iirovincc. 

•• The members were acooriliiigly interrogate 1, ami each and every 
one of them answered in the negative. 

" Voted, That the several committees which compose this conven- 
tion, or the major part of each, he, and hereby are, desired to inter- 
rogate the civil olliocrs, and other ])ors(ins whom they may think fit, 
in their rospoctivo tiwns, whether Ihcy now have, or will hcnalter 
take, any commissi in under the aforesaid act. 

" Voted, That the whole proceedings of this convention bo by the 
clerk transmitted to the press, and also to the town clerks of the 
respective towns in this ounty, as 3i>on as iniy be. 

" Voted, That this convention ho continued, and that the com- 
mittee of Falmouth, or the major part of them, be, and hereby are, 
empowered on any occasion that in their opinion requires it to notify 
a meeting of the delegates thereof, at such time and place as they may 
think proper, setting forth the occasion thereof. 

*' Voted, That the thanks of this convention be given to the Hon. 
Enoch Freeman, Esq., for his faithful services as chairman. 

" A true copy. 

"Attest: S.VMUKL Frkkm.in, Chile" 



CIIAl'TEll XI. 

■WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 

liattle of Lexington— Troops sent from Falmouth— Capture of Capt. 
Atowatt — His RL'lcase — Preparations for the Defense of the Town — 
Its destruction by Mowatt — Destitution and Patriotism of the In- 
habitants—Military Movements in this .Section — Close of the War. 

At the oulbicak of the war Capt. Mowatt was in coni- 
inaiitl of a sloop of war at Faliuouth — tlio " Canceau." 
News of tlie battle of Lexington reached the town on the 
21st of April, 1775, two day.s after the enirageiueiit, and 
the same day a company of soldiers was sent off to aid the 
people in the ncighboiliood of Boston. The town called a 
meeting on the 28d, and took active measures to furnish 
amiuiitiition, and is.sued orders for the drilling of the Min- 
ute Jlen ; a coniinittee was also chosen who were directed 
to procure instantly such provi-sions for the use of the town 
as they should deem necessary, and deposit it in a suitable 
place, for which the town treasurer Wiis authorized to give 
his notes of hand. The committee consisted of Timothy 
Pike, Daniel Dole, William Frost, Enoch Ilsley, Benjamin 
Titconib, and Stephen Waite, to whom John Fo.x, William 
McLellan, ;ind Simeon Mayo were afterwards added, wliile 
Josejih JIcLellan, Thomas Smith, Enoch Ilsley, and Paul 
Little were added to the Cimimittee of Correspondence. 
" These prompt and spirited proceedings were adopted not- 
withstanding the ' Canceau' was then lying in the harbor, 
whose commander was constantly urged to check them by 
the vindictive feelings of CoLson and others, who had suf- 
fered for their non-compliance with the decrees of the pop- 
ular party." The next day an alarm was created by the 
arrival of two traders, which were supposed to be reinforce- 
ments fur Mowatt, and many people, under this impression, 
moved their property out of town. On the Oth of May 
an attempt was made to capture Mowatt's vessel. The plan 



seems to have been conceived by Col. Samuel Thompson, of 
Brunswick, who, as we are informed, had for several weeks 
previous to the attempt been holding secret meetings at the 
house of Aaron Hinckley, in conipany with Col. Parrinton, 
Capt. John Simmons, John Merrill, Jaiuos Porter, and 
others. Hero they formed a sort of independent military 
organization. Samuel Thoin[)son was chosen colunei, and 
John Merrill and Thomas Thompson, captains. Ca]it. 
John Simmons was appointed commodore. This appears as 
if the design was to capture the man-of-war, and u.se it as 
an armed vessel against the English. Willis says they 
came " with a design to des/iw/ the ship," which is prob- 
ably incorrect. The account which we find in Wheeler's 
History of Brunswick, Topsham, and Ilarpswell, says, 
" The original plan was to procure a vessel of sufficient 
size to carry a company of some sixty or seventy men ; to 
disguise the vessel as a wood-coaster ; to conceal the men 
in the hold ; .sail for Portland in the night, go alongside 
the ' Canceau,' and board her immediately. The rendez- 
vous was to be New Meadows. The disclosure of the plan 
altered their arrangements .somewhat, but did not deter 
them from their design. 

" Tliey sailed from New Meadows on the night of May 
8th, and landed on the morning of the 9th, in a grove of 
thick trees, at a place called Sandy Point. There were about 
fifty armed men, each wearing in his hat a small bough of 
spruce. Their standard was a spruce-pole, with a green 
top left upon it. Sentinels were posted around their camp, 
and several persons who chanced to pass that way were 
seized and detained. Poletiah Haley was sent into town to 
obtain what information he was able. About one o'clock 
in the afternoon Capt. John Merrill, with two of his .senti- 
nels, while walking near the shore, saw Capt. Mowatt, with 
Rev. Mr. Wiswall, of St. Paul's Church, and his surgeon, 
land at Clay Cove, and walk up the hill. They compelled 
them to surrender, and immediately sent for Col. Thomp- 
son to come and receive Mowatt's sword. This he did, but 
returned it immediately. A number of prominent citizens 
of Falmouth visited the camp and urged the release of the 
prisoners. The ' Spruce Company' were infiexiblo, but as 
night was approaching they concluded to march their pris- 
oners to Marston's tavern. About nine o'clock the prisoners 
were released on a promise to return the next morning. 
Gen. Preble and Col. Freeman pledging themselves for them. 
The prisoners, however, did not keep good their promise. 
The company left on Friday. There were other companies 
joined them while in Falmouth, and some misdeeds were 
committed by soldiers, but there is no positive evidence that 
it was by Thomp.son's men. On their return they took 
back .some boats belonging to Mowatt. When about leav- 
ing, it is said that they were considerably alarmed at the 
approach of a fishing-smack belonging in North Yarmouth, 
which they erroneously supposed to be a vessel sent out by 
Mowatt to capture them." 

This attack of Thom])son and his men has been pretty 
harshly criticised, but however premature it may have been, 
it was, in a measure, successful, and had he been properly 
seconded by the citizens of Falmouth, no doubt the "Can- 
ceau" would have fallen into their hands. 

The threat of the officer on board the " Canceau," that 



WAll OF THE REVOLUTION. 



unless the prisoners were given up lie " would lay the town 
in ashes," produced great excitement in Falmouth. No one 
knew but that Thompson would cany them off by force, 
and that the threat would be executed at any moment. 
" Our women," says a letter of Freeman's, " were every one 
of them in tears or praying, or screaming; precipitately 
leaving their houses; especially those whose husbands were 
not at iiome, and widows ; hurrying their goods into coun- 
trymen's carts, never asking their names though strangers, 
or carrying their children either out of town or to the 
south end." Before morning, on the night of the arrest, 
not only Col. Phinney's men, but luilitia from Gorham, 
Cape Elizabeth, and Stroudwater, to the number of six 
hundred, bearing the news of the preceding day, came into 
town. They were exceedingly exasperated that Mowatt 
had been discharged, and seemed determined to destroy his 
ship. When it was ascertained that Mowatt had not in- 
tended to keep his parole, they vented their rage upon his 
liostages, Gen. Preble and Col. Freeman, whom they kept 
in confinement that day without dinner, and refused to per- 
mit their children to speak to them. Towards evening they 
were relea.sed on conditions of their furnishing refreshments 
to the military then in town. 

" The town was now under military government, and the 
officers resolved themselves into a board of war. Being 
thus organized, they proceeded to call before them persons 
suspected of being Tories : old Mr. Wyer, Kev. Mr. Wis- 
wall, and Jeremiah Pote attended upon their summons. 
They exacted from Capt. Pote money and provisions, and 
required him to give a bond of two thou.sand pounds to 
appear before the Provincial Congress and give an account 
of liis conduct.* The soldiers not being under proper sub- 
ordination conducted in an irregular and disorderly manner, 
to the disgust and danger of the inhabitants, all whose per- 
suasions did not prevent them from committing .some ex- 
cesses. They rifled Capt. Colson's house and u.sed it as a 
barrack, and from Sheriff Tyng's house they took a silver 
cup and tankard a;id his gold-laced hat.f The confusion 
was considerably increased by the free use of liquor found 
in Colson's cellar ; under this inspiration, a man by the 
name of Calvin Lombard went to the water-side at the foot 
of King Street, and fired a musket loaded with two balls 
at the ' Canceau,' which penetrated deep into her side. 
The same day a party of Thompson's soldiers seized Col- 
son's boat on the shore, and next day nearly a hundred men 
hauled it through the streets to the fields near where the 
meetinghouse of the third parish stands ; the day after, 
another boat was hauled to the same place. These repeated 
aggravations called from Mowatt a demand for retribution ; 
he required that Lombard should be given up, that the in- 
habitants should dispel the ' mob from the country,' as he 
called them, and restore the iDoats, or ho would fire upon the 
town. These requisitions created considerable alarm, but 

*■■ Mr. Wiswall declared his abhorrence of the doctrine of passive 
oljedienee, and that Great Britain had no right to lay internal taxes; 
he declined giving any opinion relative to the late acts of Parliament. 

t The projierty taken from Colson'a was valued at one hundred 
and forty-one pounds, one shilling, one pence, and from Tyng's at 
filty pounds. Res. of Prov. Cong. The articles were carried to Gor- 
ham by Phinney's men and secured. Mr. Tyng's plate was delivered 
to Mrs. Ross, the mother of Mrs. Tyng. liy order of Congress. 



the inhabitants at this time averted the danger by as.snrin" 
Mowatt that the disturbances proceeded from the country 
people and were beyond their control. J 

" After much exertion the people of the town ,suecec<led 
in persuading the soldiers to return home ; the last company 
left town May 13th. The soldiers had not at this time learned 
subjection to their officers ; they made their own wills the 
guide to their conduct, and when Col. Phinney and Col. 
Thompson required them to yield obedience to their orders, 
replied, ' we have obeyed them long enough, considering what 
we have got by it.' While this force remained in town 
Mowatt felt unea.sy for the safety of his ship : having heard 
that cannon were to be brought from the country to be used 
against it, he sent two letters on shore in which he declared 
that the moment a shot should be fired upon him, he should 
consider the town in a state of open rebellion and should 
fire upon it. The inhabitants met as early as eight o'clock 
in the morning and voted their disapprobation ' of the pro- 
ceedings of the armed body, but that they were unable to 
resist them.' All further trouble was avoided at this time 
by the departure of the soldiery, which was soon followed 
by Mowatt and Colson's ships, and the people began again 
to enjoy some repose. 

" On the day after the battle of Lexington, the Provin- 
cial Congress having resolved that an army of thirteen thou- 
sand six hundred incn should be raised in the province, 
transmitted to every town a circular letter, conjuring the 
inhabitants by all the considerations which have weight 
among men, to give every aid in forming the army. One 
regiment was raised in this county and placed under the 
command of Col. Phinney. A convention of the county 
assembled on the 29th of May and petitioned Congress that 
the regiment might be stationed at Falmouth for the de- 
fense of the town and county ; but it being considered that 
there was more urgent need of the troops in the neighbor- 
hood of Boston, four hundred of the men were ordered 
there, and the remainder employed for the defense of tlie 
seaboard, under command of Col. Freeiiian, of Falmouth. 

" On the 7th of June, the ' Senegal,' a ship of sixteen 
guns, with two tenders, arrived in the harbor, and ou the 
12th, the old disturber, Colson, appeared again in his new 
ship to take in his cargo of masts which he had procured 
some time before. His arrival was the signal of new dis- 
turbances ; the people began to get his masts and timber 
afloat, and to move them up the river4)eyond his reach, as 
advised by the Committee of Safety. Sheriff Tyng, wlio 
had left town soon after the battle of Lexington to put him- 
self under the protection of his friends in Boston, was with 
Colson, and at their request their wives were permitted to 
visit them ;§ but the committee wrote to them and the cap- 
tain of the ' Senegal,' that as Colson was a declared enemy 
of the country, and had put the town to great charge and 



t The chairman of the Committee of Safety, in a letter describing 
the confused stale of things May 1 1, exclaims, " Good God ! give us a 
regular govornment or we are undone," and again May 13, " God grant 
that order may come out of confusion, and that Congress would give 
such directions in all parts of the province, that no such tumultuous 
assemblies may be sera, heard, or felt again.— /'r«M«.,'. Extract,, 
2il part, p. 41. 

'6 Mr. Tvng hn<l recciveil from Gov. Gage, in 1774, a colonel's 



58 



HISTORY OF CUMBEllLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



trouble, they would not consent that he should take in his 
cargo. On the 22d of June, one of Col.son's boats which 
was sent up the Presuuipscot in search of masts and spars, 
as was supposed, was seized by the people, with five men 
and three uuns. The men were released in two or three 
days, but the property was kept. In the same month there 
was a general muster of the soldiers, including Col. Phin- 
ney's regiment on tlie Nock, whicli made a fine display, and 
inspired the people with confidence in their strength ; com- 
uiissions had been granted to I'hiiiney's regiment by the 
Provincial Congress in April, and on the first of July they 
were confirmed by the Continental Congress. Two com- 
panies, commanded by Capts. Bradi.sh and Brackett of Fal- 
mouth, belonged to this regiment. Capt. Brackett marched 
his company for Cambridge on the 3d of July ; Capt. 
Bradi.-h followed in a few days; a lecture was preached to 
Capt. Bradish's company, who all belonged to this town, by 
Dr. Beane, on the (ith of July previous to their departure.* 

" So many of the inhabitants having been withdrawn to 
supply the army, attention was bestowed to place the remain- 
der in an attitude of defense ; the selectmen were ordered 
to deliver a ({uarter of a pound of powder to each person 
who was destitute, but who had a gun and was willing to 
defend his country ; and a committee was appointed to 
mount as many of the cannon belonging to the town as 
they thought proper. A few men were also raised and sta- 
tioned under the direction of a committee in the most suit- 
able places. These measures of preparation were of so ab- 
sorbing interest that but little attention was paid to civil 
affairs; the Court of Common Pleas met on the 2.5th of July, 
and adjourned the same day ; the sheriff and crier were 
absent, and no jurors liad been returned. They did not 
meet again until October, 177(J.'i' 

" The remainder of the summer passed away without any 
trouble from abroad, and the interval was employed to see 
if all was sound within. J The towns were generally mak- 
ing investigation into the firmness of the principles of the 
people, and whenever any act was done by which suspicion 
was aroused, the sciew of public opinion was immediately 
applied. 

" Little of interest further occurred in this section of the 
country till tlie IGth of October, whcTi Capt, Mowatt again 
arrived at the mouth of the harbor with the ' Canceau,' 
another ship called the ' Cat,' two schooners, and a bomb- 
sloop. 

" When the people perceived that it was Jlowatt ihey felt 
but little apprehension for themselves, supposing his object 
to be to get cattle and provisions; they therefore sent the 

• JIo was commis.sioDcd niajur in Col. Tiuiotliy Biglow'a regiment, 
Jan. 1, 1777. He died in 1818. 

t Win. Tyng was sliorifT and Josliuii Freeman crier; the judges 
were Jcrcmiali Powell, Enoch Freeman, Moses Pearson, and Jonas 
Mason. Oct. 11, 1776, the Provincial Congress issued a commission 
in tlic name of the " Government and people of Massachusetts Bay," 
appointing Powell, Freeman, Mason and Solomon Lombard, jufticos 
pf this court ; ne.\t day John Waito was a]ipointcd sheriff. 

J In May, 1775, the fcleotmen employed Jabc/. Matthews and David 
Dinsmore, of Now Gloucester, to go to Quebec, and ascertain if there 
were any hostile movements there against the hack settlcuienti of the 
province ; their route w:is by the Kennebec lliver. Matthews returned 
in June, and reported that there was no such design, and was sent to 
make report to the Provincial Congre.'S. — Fivnn., •_', ;!tl, Jfi. 



greater part of the two companies here, to guard the islands 
where were large stocks of cattle and (juantilies of hay, and 
near which Mowatt had anchored. The next day the wind 
being unfavorable, the vessels were warped up the harbor, 
and formed in a line fronting the principal settlement on the 
Neck. The first intimation the people had of the object of 
his cruel visit was by a letter he sent on shore on the after- 
noon of the 17th, in which he informed them that he liad 
been sent to 'execute a just puni-shment on the town of 
Falmouth,' and allowed them but two hours to remove them- 
selves and families from the scene of danger. 

" The vessels came directly from Boston, and no doubt 
can be entertained that the order for the destruction of the 
town proceeded from Admiral Greaves, who then com- 
manded on this station, whose mind had jirobably been in- 
flamed by the representations of Mowatt, Colson, and others. 
On the receipt of Mowatt's letter the peoi)le on the Neck 
immediately as.scmblcd and appointed Gen. Preble, Dr. Cof- 
fin, and Robert Pagan to wait upon him to ascertain the 
cause of the threatened calamity, and see if it could not by 
any means be averted. The mission was fruitless ; Capt. 
Mowatt informed them that his orders were peremptory, 
that they did not even authorize him to give the inhabitants 
any warning, and in so doing he had risked the loss of his 
commission. At the earnest entreaty of the committee he 
consented to postpone the execution of his severe orders 
until eight o'clock the next morning, on condition that the 
inhabitants would deliver to him eight small-arms, and 
agreed to suspend further proceedings until he could receive 
an answer to an express which he would dispatch to the 
admiral, provided the people would before eight o'clock the 
next morning surrender four pieces of cannon which were 
then in town and all their small-arms and ammunition. The 
committee frankly told him that they thought the inhabi- 
tants would not submit to this proposition, but promised to 
lay it before them and return him an answer. 

" On reaching the shore they found the anxious multi- 
tude assembled at the town-house, to whom they reported 
the result of their conference. The town without hesitti- 
tion disapproved of the terms, but in order to gain time for 
the removal of the women and children and the sick, with 
as much property as possible, they sent ofi" in the evening 
the eight small-arms, and informed the captain that the 
town would have a meeting early in the morning and give 
a definite reply to his proposal by eight o'clock. The meet- 
ing was held, and the inhaliitants with a firmness and cour- 
age worthy all praise and a better fate, while the loaded can- 
non were pointed toward them, resolutely rejected a propo- 
sition which carried with it the abject terms of surrendering 
their arms to save their property. The same committee was 
appointed to convey their determination, and were in- 
structed to occupy as much time as po.ssible on board. But 
so impatient was Mowatt t^ begin the work of destruction, 
that the committee at half-past eight o'clock were requested 
to go on shore and oidy half an hour allowed them to escape 
from the coming storm. 

"At nine o'clock the firing commenced from all the ves- 
sels in the harbor, which kept up a discharge of balls from 
three to nine pounds weight, bombs, canisters, shells, grape- 
shot, and musket-balls with little cessation until six o'clock 



WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 



59 



in the evening. In the moan time parties landed from the 
vessels and set fire to various buildings. The inhabitants 
were so much occupied in removing their families and prop- 
erty to places of safety, that but little resistance was made 
to the parties which landed. No plan of defense had been 
concerted ; tlie soldiers were scattered, part of them having 
that morning returned from the islands, where they had 
been on duty, were employed in saving their families and 
goods, and the remainder were without any efficient leader; 
all, both soldiers and others, were in too great consternation 
to make any effectual resistance. There was also a defi- 
ciency of powder, there not being an hour's supply in town. 
Had there been one company here well organized and of 
sufficient coolness, much of the evil occasioned by strag- 
gling marines might have been prevented. Several of the 
British were killed and wounded ; none, fortunately, were 
killed on the side of the iniiabitants, and only one wounded.* 
" The town soon presented a broad sheet of flame, which, 
as the buildings were of wood, .spread with great rapidity, 
and involved all the thickest part of the settlement in one 
common ruin. All the houses were destroyed on Fore 
Street, from Jordan's Point to Exchange Street but one ; 
all on both sides of Middle Street as far west as School 
Street, except Sheriff Tyng's, on the corner of the street 
that goes into Clay Cove, Tlieophilus Bradbury's, on the 
corner of Willow Street, and Thomas Smith's store, on the 
corner of Essex Street ; every house in King Street and 
Turkey Lane, and scattered houses in Fiddle Lane and 
Back Streets, amounting to one hundred and thirty-six 
dwelling-houses, besides a hand.some new court-house, the 
Episcopalian church, the town-house, the custom-house, a 
fire-engine nearly new, together with barns, and almost every 
store and warchou.se in town, all the wharves but one or 
two short ones, and all the vessels in the harbor except two, 
which the enemy took aw.iy with them, were burnt.j' The 
meeting-liou.se of the first parish, which was then unprotected 
by other buildings, was perforated by several balls and grape- 
shot, .some of which were found in the ceiling and other parts 
when it was taken down, in 1826. J A cannon-ball passed 
through the house of Deacon Codman. The house, having a 
commanding view of the harbor, was expo.sed to the fire of 
the enemy and considerably shattered ; the front fence stand- 
ing on Middle Street was often set on fire, and extinguished 
by the people ; many others were injured in a similar manner. 
A great quantity of personal property was unavoidably de- 
stroyed, from the scarcity of teams, and the confusion and 
alarm of the occasion. ^Llny articles were thrown into the 
street aud there left to perish. § An immense quantity of fur- 

* This wns Reuben Clough, who lived on the corner of Plumb and 
Fore Street?. 

t'fhe number of buildings, exclusive of dwelling-houses, de- 
stroyed, w.as two hundred and seventy eight {Estej- Gn;:rMe, October 
2r)th), which, with one hundred and thirty-six houses, makes the total 
number of buildings burnt four hundreil and fourteen. 

t Three persons after dark attemiitel to set fire to the meeting- 
house, but were interrupted and compelled to retreat. The chande- 
lier in the new house is suspended from a cannon-ball which made a 
deep wound in the venerable structure. 

? Not more than half the movables were saved out of the buildings 
which were hanil.—/i\poii „/ SeUri Freem., ii. 2.i2. About one 
iumilred an.l sixty faruilics were turned out of Aomf.^OirlrjhVa 
Trnvch, ii. 172. 



niture and other property was piled up indiscriminately, as 
it was plucked out of the fire, in the field opposite the head 
of High Street, where much of it was destroyed by the rain 
of the next day, and much stolen or irrecoverably scattered. || 

" All the compact part of the town was destroyed, con- 
taining a large proportion of the most valuable buildings. 
One hundred dwelling-houses only were left standing, many 
of which were damaged by balls and the bursting of bombs. 
The last house that was burnt was the Rev. Mr. Smith's, 
which stood directly fronting King Street; it caught from 
Capt. Sandford's, which .stood on the northwest corner of 
King Street, just before dark, and was the only house burnt 
on that side of Congress Street. 

" The situation of the inhabitants after the fire was one 
of great suffering and distress; many families who before 
that event were in comfortable circumstances, had lost all 
their property and were turned houseless, at the commence- 
ment of winter, upon the hand of charity; while on every 
quarter poverty and desolation met the unhappy sufferers. 
On the 2Gth of October the town held a meeting and rai.sed 
a committee to procure subscriptions for the relief of the 
distressed poor of the town. On the lUth of November the 
Provincial Congress, on the petition of Samuel Freeman, 
then a member from Falmouth, granted two hundred and 
fifty pounds to the sufferers, and ordered fifteen bushels of 
corn to be distributed to each family whose loss deprived 
them of the means of purchasing any. In 177G one-half of 
the taxes on the town for 1775 were abated, and in 1771), 
on the petition of Enoch Freeman and others, a grant was 
made of two thousand pounds to purchase bread and other 
necessaries of life for the poor of the town, to be distributed 
under the direction of the selectmen." 

Some time in the year 177G, a picmnon, commanded by 
one Hammon, visited an island in Harpswell, which was in- 
habited by a single family, and, with a crew of seven men, 
rifled them of their effects in the night, intending to rest 
there until day. Receiving information of this dastardly 
attack, Capt. Nehemiah Curtis rallied a party, and before 
morning captured the boat and crew, and carrying the latter 
to Falmouth, lodged them in the county jail. Hammou 
managed, through falsehood, to get at liberty, and immedi- 
ately went to the same island with a larger vessel and crew. 
Here Curtis and his volunteers again met him, and in the 
skirmish that followed one of the miscreants was wounded, 
and the rest hurriedly withdrew.^f 

" The government, in 1775, voted that four hundred men 
should be raised for the defense of Maine, to be stationed 
at Falmouth, and that the militia should be mu.stered in 
case of invasion. The troops arrived the latter part of 
November ; Gen. Joseph Frye, to whom the command of 
the station was assigned, came here November 25th. Many 
persons who had been driven from town returned under 
protection of the troops, and the few houses which were 
standing were over-crowded, and could illy accommodate 
the additional nutuber of persons whom the state of things 
brought upon the Neck. 5Ir. Smith, who had retired to 
Windham, came to town to preach November 25th, but was 

I The day the town was destroyed was clear and pleasant ; the 
next morning it began to rain, and eoutinued raining fur three days. 
f Williamson, p. 12». 



60 



HISTORY OF CUMBEllLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



obliged to return, not liavin<; been able to get lodgings. In 
the latter part of 1775 the distre.ssed situation of the people, 
parliculariy in Maine, was laid before the Provincial Con- 
gress, and twelve hundred pounds were -granted from the 
treasury for their relief. 

"Notwith.standing the narrow eirciinistanccs in wliieh the 
inhabitants of the Neek were now placed, — deprived of their 
commerce, cut short of the ordinary supplies, — they abated 
nothing of the spirit with which they engaged in the great 
cause of freedom. In December, a committee was cliosen 
to join other towns in convention, to consider measures for 
tlic general safety of the county of Cumberland and this town 
in particular. In February, the town voted to recommend to 
the Committee of Safety to encourage the manufacture of 
saltpetre ; in the same month thirty of our people enlisted 
in the Continental army. May 21st a committee was chosen 
to repair the forts on the Neck, and on the same day the 
following vote was passed, which shows that the people here 
had made up their minds in advance on the great que.stion 
which was agitating the continent: 

" * Votcil, itmniimoHHhi, iifj the determiniition ol' this town, that if the 
honorable Araorican Congress should, for the s:»fetj of the united 
colonies, dccliiro them independent of the kingdom of Great Britain, 
the inhabitants of this town, in meeting now asicmbled, will solemnly 
engage with their lives and fortunes to support the Congress in the 
measure.' *' 

In April, 1777, a company of eighty men was stationed 
at Falmouth, under the conmiand of Abner Lowell, and 
another of forty men at Cape Elizabeth. In January a 
requisition was made on Ma.ssachusetts for five thousand 
blankets ; the proportion of this county was one hundred 
and twenty-three. 

" In June the General Court made provision for stationing 
a company of fifty sol.diers here, i'or which they sent ten 
cannon. The company was enlisted in this neighborhood 
to serve until December, and the command given to Capt. 
John Preble.* Capt. Joseph Noyes was appointed to mus- 
ter the company ; Wm. Frost was commissary of the forces 
stationed in and near Falmouth this year, for the defense of 
the sea-coast'. In November another company of fifty men 
was stationed at Cape Elizabeth for the defense of the har- 
bor, and with the one stationed on the Neck was continued 
in service until March ; at the .same time all the other sol- 
diers here were ordered to be dismissed. f This year the 
militia of the county was reorganiised, and in December the 
General Court appointed the following officers to the 1st 
lleginient in Cumberland, viz.: Peter Noyes, colonel; Na- 
thaniel Jordan, lieutenant-colonel ; James Merrill, 1st major; 
and James Johnson, 2d major. These persons all lived in 
Falmouth. In the .same month every fourth man of the 
militia was ordered to be drafted to supply the army. 

" A return was made, by order of the General Court, in 
January, 1777, of the males of si.'cteen years and upwards 
in each town in the county, as follows: Falmouth, 78G, 
including 64 Quakers, 12 negroes, and 1 mulatto; Bruns- 



• Capt. Prcblo was son of Gen. Preble. He had served at Penobscot, 
and was an Indian interpreter. 

t In .Inly, 1771), the General Court ordered a levy of every twenty- 
fiflh man tu fill up the army. Falinouth was exempted from this draft; 
thirty-nine were levied in the county. 



wick, 108, including 4 belonging to Falmouth; Scarbor- 
ough, 471, including G from Falmouth ; North Yarmouth, 
404, including 2 from Falmouth ; Ilarpswell, 189, in- 
cluding 1 from Falmouth ; Cape Klizabeth, 850." 

In 1777 twenty-two men went from Brunswick to Boston 
for service in the Continental army. The town of Bruns- 
wick this year voted to make provision for the families of 
those who were in the Continental .service. In April, 

1778, John Dunning, Ephraim Graffani, Michael Growse, 
William Spear, Jr., and William Skolfield, of Brunswick, 
went into the service in the Continental army, and were 
sent to Peekskill. Harpswell also furnished five men at the 
same time. 

The war had thus far been carried on at great sacrifice and 
suffering. Many people who were needed to cultivate the 
soil had been drawn off to supply the waste of war, while 
the consumption of provisions had visibly increased. In 
addition to these unfavorable circumstances the season of 
1778 had been peculiarly unfortunate, one-half of the crops 
having been cut off by the drought. In the early part of 
this year provisions were extremely high. Mr. Smith, in 
his journal, says, " It is wonderful how the people here on 
the Neck live for want of bread.'' Again, in April, he says, 
" a grievous cry for bread." The prices in Falmouth, in 

1779, were as follows: January, wood, 820 a cord; April, 
Indian meal, $80 a bushel ; May, corn, $85 a bushel ; coflFee, 
$8 a pound; June, molasses, $16 a gallon; coffee, $4 a 
pound ; sugar, $3. June 10th, Mr. Smith says, " A man 
asked $74 for a bushel of wheat-meal." By the scale in 
June, one hundred silver dollars were worth $1342 in 
paper, .so that the mola.sses was about $1.20 a gallon in 
silver, coffee about 30 cents, and sugar about 23 cents, 
and the flour about $5.75 a bushel. In November, 1788, 
Mr. Smith says, " Common laborers have $4 a day, while 
ministers have but a dollar, and washer-women as much. 
It is a melancholy time on many accounts. Lawful money 
is worth no more than old tenor ; ci'editors don't receive 
an eighth part of their old debts, nor ministers of their 
salary." 

Fortunately, the season of 1779 was wonderfully forward 
and productive, and saved the country from the horrors of 
a famine. The government, the previous years, had done 
all they could to relieve the .scarcity; they had voted 
£200,000 and appointed a committee to procure flour and 
grain from the South. In 1780, by a resolve of Congress, 
a large amount of depreciated paper was taken out of circu- 
lation, and a new emission of bills was made by the State, 
of far le.ss amount, and to be considered equal to specie. 
This passed for a short time at par, but .soon followed the 
fate of its predecessors, a natural consequence of the heavy 
debt and a want of confidence in the ability of government. 

In the. resolve for raising two thousand men, in April, 
1778, the government mentioned the conduct of Falmouth 
" as highly commendable, manly, and patriotic in their 
glorious exertions to raise volunteers to reinforce the Con- 
tinental army." In April the town raised a company of 
fifty volunteers for Gen. Washington's army, to each soldier 
of which they paid a bounty of sixty pounds, provided he 
furnished himself with equipments and served in the army 
till the last of November. In December the town gener- 



WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 



Gl 



ously voted to indemnify those persons who had or would 
supply the families of those soldiers who were engaged in 
the army; many came forward and furnished the supplies. 

In the midst of the summer of 1779, the arrival of an 
English fleet in Penobscot Bay, and the capture of Baga- 
duoe Point, upon which Castine is situated, in June, pro- 
duced a strong sensation throughout the States. The united 
feeling of government and people was to drive the enemy 
from the soil and preserve the integrity of the territory. 
The government immediately organized a force, to consist 
of fifteen hundred men, wholly from Massachusetts, and a 
fleet consisting of nineteen armed vessels and twenty-four 
transports was put in requisition for the occasion. The fleet 
was commanded by Com. Saltonstall, and the land forces by 
Gen. Solomon Lovell, Gen. Peleg Wadsworth, at that time 
adjutant-general of the militia of Massachusetts, being the 
second in command. One regiment, under the command of 
Col. Mitchell, of North Yarmouth, was raised in this neigh- 
borhood, to which Falmouth and Cape Elizabeth contrib- 
uted two companies. Capt. Joseph McLellan, of Falmouth, 
was commissary of supplies. The expedition was popular, 
and the people engaged with alacrity and zeal in it. The 
company which was formed on the Neck consisted of vol- 
unteers from the families of the most respectable inhabitants. 
Peter Warren was captain; Daniel Mussey, lieutenant; 
John Dole, first sergeant ; Richard Codman, Daniel Cobb, 
Wm. Moody, Stephen Tukey, Hugh McLellan, Mieah 
Samp.son, and Zachariah Baker were privates. 

Brig. Thompson, of Brunswick, also had orders to raise 
a regiment out of his brigade, of which Capt. Larrabee was 
appointed second major. Besides Larrabee's company, 
Capt. Actor Patten's company, from Topsham, and Capt. 
Nehemiah Curtis' company, from Brunswick and Harps- 
well, joined the expedition. They went to Falmouth, and 
were placed under command of Col. Mitchell. Capt. 
Hinckley also had a company in the expedition; he was 
killed while standing upon a large rock cheering on his 
men, and the command devolved upon James Potter (2d).* 

Our soldiers sailed on the ISth of July in a transport 
.'loop from Falmouth, commanded by Capt. William Mc- 
Lellan, for Townsend, now Boothbay, the place of rendez- 
vous, where they remained a few days for the other forces. 
But notwithstanding the spirit with which the people en- 
gaged in this enterprise, and the ardent hopes entertained 
of its success, the result was very disastrous. The expedi- 
tion was hastily got up, and measures were concerted with- 
out sufficient prudence and caution. To increase the difii- 
culties, on the arrival of the forces in the Penobscot, the 
commanders of the fleet and army disagreed in their plan 
of attack. It was, however, determined to make an assault 
upon the garrison, and take it if possible by storm. For 
this purpose the troops were landed on the north side of 
the promontory at sunrise, where they climbed a precipitous 
blufl' amidst a heavy fire from the enemy's battery on the 
height. Capt. Warren's company from Falmouth was the 
first that ascended the clifi' and formed, when the enemy 
fled to their intrenchments.-f" They were closely pursued 
through a wood which covered this part of the hill ; our 

=<■" History of Castine, p. 41, note. 

t In this ussault about sixty of our troops were killed. 



troops were eager to follow them to their intrenchments, 
but were ordered by the general to stop, and were moved 
back to the edge of the wood, where they threw up breast- 
works and made preparations for a regular siege. It was 
believed that had our soldiers not been checked in their 
first onset, they would have been able from their superior 
force to have entered and dislodged the enemy from their 
unfinished works ; such is believed to have been the opin- 
ion of Gen. Wadsworth, whose conduct in the whole course 
of the expedition merited unqualified approbation ; he was 
in the midst of every danger and suffering ; and our sol- 
diers said if the chief command had been intrusted to him, 
success would have crowned our arms. Nothing of conse- 
quence towards reducing the place was accomplished after 
the first day; the enemy labored assiduously to strengthen 
their fortifications, and at the end of a fortnight, on the ap- 
proach of a large reiiiforcement to the British, our army 
hastily abandoned their lines in the night and embarked 
with their cannon and stores on board their transports, 
which immediately commenced moving up the Penob- 
scot River. The British pursued, and the whole fleet was 
abandoned and burnt. Gen. Wadsworth conducted the 
retreat with skill, and labored incessantly to keep his little 
army together after the disgraceful result. Our troops re- 
turned in scattered parties, making the best of their way 
home deeply mortified and disappointed. 

On the 3d of September, Falmouth was thrown into 
great excitement by the appearance in the offing of three 
ships of war. The town was full of troops. Cols. Jackson's 
Hud Mitchell's regiments being in the place. No time was 
lost in making preparations for defense. Three batteries 
were occupied and manned,— one on the hill in Free Street, 
another at the foot of King Street, and a third on the brow 
of Munjoy's Hill. But the fears of the people were soon 
dispelled by the arrival of the American frigates " Boston" 
and " Dean" with a largo prize-ship. The next day another 
prize arrived ; both were men-of-war. 

In 1780 the British, feeling secure in their position on 
the Penobscot, began to commit depredations upon the in- 
habitants on each side of the bay. To counteract these the 
General Court ordered a regular force of seven hundred and 
fifty men, under the command of Gen. Wadsworth, to be 
stationed on the western side of the bay for the protection 
of the inhabitants. Two companies were also ordered to 
Machias. These troops were raised in Maine, but, not re- 
pairing to the place of rendezvous by the time appointed. 
Gen. Wadsworth came here from Camden to hasten the 
levy. He wrote to Brig.-Gen. Frost, of York County, 
April 27th, urging him, •' in the name of public virtue," to 
send forward his detachment without further delay. This 
letter had the desired eftect of hastening on the troops. Of 
the regiment of six hundred men, three hundred wore sta- 
tioned in Falmouth, two hundred were sent to Camden, 
and one hundred to Machias. The forts here were put in 
order, and preparations made for an eflPectual resistance. 
There were frequent alarms from the Penobscot during the 
remainder of the war, which often called out the trooi)s, 
but nothing was seriously attempted, if anything was ever 
designed from tluit quarter. Notliing of importance took 
place on the Penobscot during the year 1 780, and in the 



G2 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



winter all the troops returned but a small guard, wliich re- 
mained at Gen. Wad.sworth's headquarters at Tliouiaston. 
The British, hearing by a spy the situation of the general, 
sent a party of twenty-five men, in February, 1781, to sur- 
prise him. They were guided to his quarters at night by 
an abandoned traitor, and secured an entrance to the house 
before they were discovered. As soon as the alarm was 
given the general, who was in bed, seized his blundorbu.ss 
and two pistols, which he kept loaded by liim, and defended 
hiui.self resolutely in his chamber until he was disabled by 
a wound in hi.s arm, when he surrendered and was taken to 
Bagaduce. His wife and two children, with a female 
friend, who formed his family, were left behind. The gen- 
eral was kept a close pri.soner until he and Maj. Burton, 
another prisoner, ingeniously eflected their escape in June 
following and returned to Falmouth. 

This town, notwithstanding its serious lo.ss at the com- 
mencement of hostilities, contributed its full proportion of 
men and supplies to support the war, and it is believed 
more than any other town in Maine. In 1780 its propor- 
tion of beef for the army was twelve thou.sand three hun- 
dred and sixty pounds, and in 1781 nine thousand seven 
hundred and ninety-six pounds, and the same year it was 
required to furnish forty-one shirts and as many pairs of 
shoes and stockings, and one hundred and thirteen blankets. 
They also raised a committee of nine in that year to pro- 
cure thirty men to serve during the war, and voted to each 
man who would enlist twenty dollars in silver bounty and 
ten dollars a month pay. It may safely be affirmed that 
no town in the State suffered more or contributed more in- 
proportion to its means than did Falmouth. 

After the attack upon New London and Groton by Ar- 
nold, in September of this year, some uneasiness was felt 
lest he should extend his visit to this place ; but all fears 
were .soon turned to the brightest hopes by the arrival of a 
large French fleet in the Chesapeake, which gave a pre- 
ponderating influence to our arms. Public expectations 
centred on the movements in Virginia, and every rumor 
from that quarter was eagerly caught. On the 4th of Oc- 
tober news was brought to town by hand-bills struck off in 
Boston of the surrender of Cornwallis, fifteen days before 
that au.spicious event took place, which occasioned great re- 
joicing. On the 27tli of the same month an express arrived 
with the joyful and veritable tidings of the great victory at 
Yorktown, which elevated the spirits of the people and 
scattered all the shadows which the correction of the late 
premature information had cast upon them. On the next day, 
which was Sunday, the ministers improved the occasion 
by suitable discourses, and Monday was spent in public 
njoicing. 

CHAPTER XIL 

ORGANIZATION OP THE COUNTY. 

Civil Divisions— Kiiily Courts— Court-Uouscs nnJ .Inils- Cii|iital 

Triuls. 

CIVIL DIVISIONS. 
The whole territory of Maine formed but one county 
until Nov. 1, 17G(t, when the counties of Cumberland and 
Lincoln were erected. The former embraced the present 



county of Cumberland, and part of Oxford and Andro- 
scoggin, and the hitter all the country east of them. 

Of the early civil divisions of the county of Cuml)erland, 
five towns were incorporatc^d prior to the .separation from 
York County, viz. : Scarborough, incorporated in 1G58; 
Falmouth, in 1G58; re-incnrporatcd in 1718: North Yar- 
mouth, incorporated in IGSO; Brunswick, in 1738; and 
Harpswell, in 1758. The county now contains twenty-five 
towns, in addition to the city of Portland. Windham was 
incorporated in 17G2, Gorham in 17(54, Cape Elizabeth 
in 17G5, New Gloucester in 1774, Gray in 1778, Standish 
in 1785, Portland in 178(1 (incorporated as a city in 18;"!2), 
Freeport in 1789, Durham in 1789, Bridgton in 1794, 
Poland in 1795, OtisfielJ in 1798, Baldwin in 1802, 
Minot in 1802, Danville in 1802, Raymond in 1808, 
Harri.son in 1805, Pownal in 1808, Wcstbrook in 1814, 
Cumberland in 1821, Sebago in 1820, Naples in 1834, 
Casco in 1841, Auburn in 1842, Yarmouth in 1849, and 
Deering in 1871. 

The above towns, with the exception of Durham, Po- 
land, Minot, Danville, and Auburn, still constitute the civil 
divisions of Cumberland County ; the latter, except Dan- 
ville, which has entirely disappeared from the list, became 
portions of Androscoggin upon the erection of that county, 
March 18, 1824. By reference to the civil list, their rep- 
resentation in the Legislature up to that period will be 
seen. 

The boundaries, description, and liistories of the .several 
towns now embraced in the county will be given in a sepa- 
rate department of this work, wherein their early settlement, 
institutions, and chief industries will be treated of, and 
biographical sketches furni.shed of some of the leading citi- 
zens. 

As early as 1733, the inconvenience of attending court at 
York by people in this part of the country was so severely felt, 
that the towns authorized their selectmen to petition to the 
General Court to divide the county, or have the courts held 
farther east, and it was in consequence of this (fff'ort that a 
term of the Inferior Court and " Court of General Sessions 
of the Peace" were extended (o Falmouth, for one session a 
year, in June, 1735, and the first term of these courts was 
held here in October, 173(5, by Chief Justice William Pep- 
perell, of Kittery. Both courts were held at the same time 
and place. The judges were Samuel Came, Timothy Ger- 
rish, Joseph Moody, and Jeremiah Moulton ; John Leigh- 
ton was sherift". They all resided west of the Saco River. 
The Inferior Court consisted of four judges; the se.s.sions 
was composed of all the justices in the county, and they 
were " empowered to hear and determine all matters relating 
to the conservation of the peace and punishment of offendei"s, 
grant licenses, lay out highways," etc. This court con- 
tinued till 1808, when it was abolished, and a court con- 
sisting of five ju.stices was established in iUs stead. The In- 
ferior Court was established in 1G99, and was continued 
until 1811, when it yielded to the circuit system, by which 
the commonwealth was divided into six circuits, of which 
the counties of York, Cumberland, and Oxford formed 
one. This continued till after the .separation from Ma.ssa- 
chusetts, when the Court of Common I'leas was estab- 
lished. 



ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY. 



G3 



On the division of the county, in 1760, a term of the 
Superior Court was first granted to Cumberland, and held 
in Fahnouth in June, 1701, for the counties of Cumberland 
and Lincoln, but the records of the court were still kept in 
Boston. At this time the court was composed of Thomas 
Hutchinson, then Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts, 
Benjamin Lynde, John Gushing, and Peter Oliver. Mr. 
Hutchinson was appointed chief justice in 1761, as suc- 
cessor to Stephen Sewell, who died in September, 1760. 
He was succeeded by Peter Oliver in 1769. The judges 
of this court, until 1792, appeared on the bench in robes 
and wigs. In summer the robes were of black silk, in 
winter of scarlet, with black trimmings. The occasion of 
leaving them oflF was the appointment of Judge Dawes to 
the bench, who not having been called to the degree of 
barrister before his appointment, the other judges on that 
account di.spensed with their robes. Tiie court at that time 
consisted of Francis Dana, chief justice ; Increase Sumner, 
Robert T. Paine, and Nathan Gushing. 

A term of the Superior Court was first established in 
Maine in 1699, and was held at Kittery until 1743, when 
it was removed to York. In 1761 a term was held in this 
county, and in 1786 a term was granted to Lincoln 
County to be held the week after its sitting in Falmouth, 
which was in June. The number of judges was five until 
1800, when it was increased to seven, rendered necessary by 
the accumulation of business and the burthensome system 
which required the courts to consist of a majority of the 
judges for the trial of all causes. In 1805, this change 
not remedying the diflSculty, it was reduced to its original 
number, and the only effectual cure applied, the introduc- 
tion of the nisi 2"'iiis system, by which the issues are tried 
by a single judge.* 

Diiring the existence of the Inferior Court the judges 
were all paid by fees, and of course their compensation 
depended on the quantity of business. The following notes 
of the allowances and amount of business during several 
years, we quote from Willis : 

"In 1762 they were allowed 5«. 4^/. for each entry, nnd la. for an 
appeal. The fees varied at different times ; in 1 77fi they were allowed 
for an entry, 28.; in 1779, 4«. ; in I7S3, 3». 6d.; and on a jury trial, 
6«. At the October term in 1777, in this county, the whole compen- 
sation received by the justices was 5*. 6d. each; there were eleven 
entries. At the March term of the same court in 1778 there were 
the same number of entries, and the three justices who attended re- 
ceived 18«. S(^ each. In October of the same year there were but 
seven entries and two jury trials, and the amount of fees divided by 
tlie three justices was £8 lis. On the division of the county, John 
Minot, Ezekiel Cushing, of Cape Elizabeth, Enoch Freeman, of Fal- 
mouth, and Edward Milliken, of Scarborough, were appointed justices.f 
In February, 1763, Jeremiah Powell, of North Yarmouth, was ap- 
pointed first justice. The first ofiicers of the court were Moses Pear- 
son, Sherifl'j Stephen Longfellow, Clerk ; and Joshua Freeman, Crier. 
There were but two terms a year till after the Revolution, and the 
number of entries was small. In 1776 they were but nine; in 1781,. 
they had advanced to forty-nine, and continued to increase until 
1785, when they were one hundred and ninety-six. They then began 
to decrease in consequence of the depression of trade nnd a great ex- 
citement and prejudice which now were displayed against the pro- 
fession. In 17SS there were but fifty-two entries; from this time 
there was a regular increase, with the exception of one or two years, 
until 1807, when they had attained the unexampled number of two 



» Willis' History of Portland. 

t See list of civil and judicial officer: 



chapter : 



thousand four hundred and twenty-two entries for the year, being 
higher than they have ever since beeit. The great number of failures 
at that period gave rise to a vast multitude of suits." 

In 1790 three terms of the Inferior Court were estab- 
lished, all held in Portland, but in 1791 one of these terms 
was removed to New Gloucester, and continued to be held 
there until 1805, when it was restored to Portland, where 
the courts have ever since been held. 

Anciently, when but one court was held in Falmouth, 
the commencement of the term, upon the arrival of the 
judges, was ushered in by the discharge of cannon at a fort 
on the west side of Stroudwater bridge. The court, as now, 
was opened by prayer, and on the first day of the terra, the 
court, bar, and minister dined together. In 17G5, Mr. 
Smith and Mr. Deane both neglecting to attend to make the 
prayer. Judge Powell sharply reprimanded Mr. Doane for 
the omission. j; 

At the May term, 1785, an action was brought before 
the court and no lawyer was present. The court heard the 
parties, examined the witnesses, and coiumitted the cause 
to the jury, without the intervention of any attorney; they 
brought in their verdict to the general satisfaction of the 
people.§ 

At the October terra, 1790, there were but four jury 
trials in civil cases; after the jury were dismis.sed and were 
receiving their pay, it was discovered that one of them had 
answered during the term to another man's name; on being 
asked his reason for this rcprehen.sible conduct, he said 
" that his neighbor Pinkham, who had been drawn, was 
sick at home, and had got him to come in his room." 

Says Willis, "The administration of justice was exceed- 
ingly loose both before and immediately after the Revolu- 
tion ; the public mind was not corrected and enlightened as 
it has since been by the press and the general difi'usion of 
information ; the country was new, population thin, and that 
delicate regard of public and private rights was not so 
strictly observed as it is at this day. We have frequently 
found in the examination of the papers of individuals in- 
stances of persons having gone before magistrates and 
privately confessing themselves guilty of violations of law, 
been discharged on the payment of a .small fine. 

" We have seen the record of many confessions made 
before Enoch Freeman, who was for many years an active 
magistrate in Falmouth, for profane swearing, where a fine 
of five or six shillings was imposed. In one case of forni- 
cation the woman on confession was fined six shillings and 
discharged. 'John Lowther, physician, confessed that he 
broke the peace by striking Sam'l Graflfam, cordwainer, the 
22d inst., at Brunswick, being highly provoked, and paid a 
fine of 4.S. to the king.' Persons were frequently fined for 
absenting them.selves from meeting, as late as the times of 
Rev. Mr. Deane. In 1757, ' John llanes confessed he 
swore one profane oath ye 12th inst., fined 4s.' ' 1754, 
Col. Jedediah Preble is convicted of uttering one profane 
oath in my hearing and Deacon Wm. Cotton's, at Mr. 
Joshua Freeman's.' But the most singular instance of con- 
fession and of extra-judicial punishment that we have met 



X Oct. 6, 1747, Mr. Smith says, "I prayed with the court P. M. 
Justice came drunk all day." 
f Fal. Gaj., June 22, 1785. 



u 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUxNTY, MAINE. 



witli took place in 1785, of wliicli notice was publicly 
given in the following advertisement : 

" ' Falmouth, Aug. 20, 1785. — I, llio subficiibcr, being left to the in- 
sinuation or the devil, huvo stolen nnil carried away rrom the store of 
Jal>ez Jones, of New Casco, a i)art of a side of solo leather, contrary 
to the law of God and man and the peace of this Comnionwoalth. 
I heartily ask forgiveness for the offense done to Ood and the jiublic, 
and submit myself lo bo publicly whipped in New Casco, atschuol- 
house hill, 15 stripes on my naked b:ick as a warning lo others. 

" ' IsA.vi' RoKF, y, his mark. 

'"Attest: 

"'JOSKI'll WOUMEI.I., 
'" Wm. lil.ACKSTONK. 

"'The above strijics were decently laid on by Samuel P.uckuain, 
constable.' " 

At the time courts fir.st bc<?an to sit in Falmouth there 
was no court-house, nor was there any regular place for 
holding the courts before the Revolution. They were gen- 
erally held at the town-liou.se, at the foot of Middle Street, 
sometimes at the meeting-house, at others in one of the 
taverns; but they were always, with one exception, held 
upon the Neck. Smith's Journal, Oct. 4, 1743, says, 
" The court this year is kept at Purpooduck, on pretence 
of no tavern this side." In 1776, Alice Greele charged 
ten .shillings six pence for a room for the use of the court, 
and in 1777 her bill for the same was two pounds eight 
shillings. 

A large and handsome court-house was commenced by 
the county in 1774, on the site where the town-hou.se had 
stood, which had been moved to Congress Street to make 
room for it. This building was fifty-four by fifty feet, and 
crowned with a belfry. Its erection was superintended by 
Stephen Longfellow, Esq., then clerk of the courts. This 
building was nearly completed when Mowatt set fire to the 
town and it perished in the conflagration. 

The frame of the second court-house was raised in Oc- 
tober, 1785, and the building was finished the next year. 
It was two stories high, with a belfry, and forty-eight by 
thirty-four feet in dimensions. Courts were held in the 
second story, the first being an open hall. This building 
was removed to Court Street in 1816, and the centre of the 
next court-house erected on the site the same year. In 
1831 two wings were added, each about twenty feet in 
width, and projecting a little beyond the line of the front, 
to enlarge the public offices and furnish jury-rooms and 
lobbies upstairs. The building was of brick, two stories 
high ; the front finished by a pediment, supported by six 
columns and pilasters, and surmounted by a belfry, on the 
.spire of which was a nicely-adjusted pair of scales. The 
building, including the additions, cost twenty-tlirec thou- 
sand dollars. The building committee consisted of Richard 
Hunncwcll, Rarrett Potter, and Albert Newhall. 

This court-hou.se was taken down in 1858 to make room 
for the present city government building, the west wing of 
which is occupied by the county offices and court-rooms. 
At the great fire of 1860 this fine building was all destroyed 
except the west wing ; the records in the office of the reg- 
ister of probate were consumed, but the records in the 
office of the register of deeds, and those of the United 
Stiites courts, which were transferred there for safety, were 
saved. 



Before the Revolution, the jail stood on Middle Street, 
on the site of the old niarket-hou.se. It was a small build- 
ing, eighteen by thirty-three feet, and was taken down in 
1799, and the jailor's house removed to Federal Street, 
where it was occupied by Samuel Hale. Another jail was 
erected in 1799, under the superintendence of John Park, 
of Groton, Mass. It was a stone building, fifty by thirty- 
four feel, and two stories high, with rooms in the attic, and 
cost about eight thousand dollars. Samuel Freeman and 
Judge Gorham were the building committee. 

There have been but few capital trials in this county. 
The first which ever took place here wa.s in July, 1772, 
when a man named Goodwin w;is tried and convicted of 
murder. He was charged with having thrown a man over- 
board from a boat in Casco Bay. There existed some doubt 
of his guilt, and he was reprieved three times, but was 
afterwards finally executed on the 12th of November, 
1772. A great concourse of people, excited by the novelty 
of the .scene, was collected on the occasion, — said to have 
been the largest ever assembled in Falmouth. Rev. Mr. 
Clark, of Cape Elizabeth, preached a lecture to the multi- 
tude in the presence of the prisoner, and prayed at the gal- 
lows. 

The next capital trial which took place here was that of 
George Pierce, of Otisfield, for the murder of John Mcin- 
tosh, of the same town, in 1789. He was tried in July, 
1790, and convicted of manslaughter, it being satisfactorily 
proved to the court and jury that the killing was done in 
self-defense. It appeared that Mr. Pierce was at work upon 
a harrow when Mcintosh came up and wished him to go to 
his cornfield and see the damage done by his (^Mcintosh's) 
horse. Mr. Pierce declined going, and words ensued, ren- 
dered sharp by a previous quarrel, when Mcintosh made 
towards Pierce with clenched fists, and Pierce, lifting up 
his hands to resist hini, struck him a blow on the head with 
a mallet, which caused his death. 

The next case of this nature was that of Thomas Bird 
and Hans Hansen, one an Englishman, the other a Swede, 
for murder and pirac}'. They had murdered the master of 
a sloop of about thirty tons' burthen, on the coast of Africa, 
in 1789, and had come in her to this bay, where they com- 
menced a traffic with the inhabitants of Cape Elizabeth. 
Information having been given to the naval officer of this 
port that a foreign vessel was anchored in Cape Cove, he 
proceeded thither to seize her, but she put to sea before he 
could accomplish his object. Two vessels were then fitted 
out from Falmouth, manned by volunteers, which came 
up with her and brought her into port on the 28th of 
July. 

An examination was had before the Supreme Court, then 
sitting here, and they were bound over for trial. Sub3e- 
quent to this the jurisdiction of marine causes having been 
yielded to the United States, the trial was had in the Dis- 
trict Court held in Falmouth in Jlay, 1790. It was the 
first criminal trial which had taken place in that court, the 
court having been organized in 1789, by the appointment 
of David Sewell, District Judge; Henry Dearborn, Mar- 
shal; William Lithgrow, District Attorney, and Heniy 
Sewell, Clerk ; and the court had met for the first time in 
December, 1789. The prisoners were defended by John 



PHYSICAL FEATURES. 



Froth inj,'!) am and Williaiu S^mmes, Esqs., and to gratify 
public curiosity, which was much excited, the trial was con- 
ducted in the meeting-house of the first parish. At the 
close of the first day the jury brought in a verdict of guilty 
against Bird, but acquitted Hansen, who was a boy only 
nineteen years of age. Sentence of death was impressively 
pronounced by Judge Sewell, and the unhappy man was 
executed on the 25th of June following. The execution 
took place on Bramhall Hill, at the meeting of the roads 
from Back Cove and Stroudwater, and was witnessed by 
three or four thousand people. 

At the July term, 1791, two boys, James Tool and 
Francis Hilton, one eighteen and the other sixteen years 
of age, were tried for arson, under a charge of having set 
fire to the dwelling-house of William Widgery, of New 
Gloucester, in the night, by which it was consumed with 
all its contents. One of the boys had confessed that they 
committed the crime to avenge themselves on Mr. Widgery 
for flogging them. They were defended by Chief Justice 
Parsons, who procured their acquittal on the ground that 
the confession was extorted, and there being no direct evi- 
dence against them. 

In July, 1798, Jeremiah Pote, of Falmouth, was tried 
and convicted of the murder of his wife. The crime was 
committed in a fit of jealousy, and he was sentenced to be 
executed in August ; but the time was extended to Septem- 
ber on account of his sickness. He died in prison before 
the time appointed for his execution arrived. He killed his 
wife with a shovel, and wa.s supposed at the time to have 
been intoxicated. This man Pote was the son of Gamaliel, 
and grand.son of William Pote, who was admitted an inhab- 
itant of the town in 1728, and built the two-story house 
near Woodford's Corner, on the old road from Portland, in 
which Rev. Mr. Brown lived and died. William came from 
Marblehcad, and had seven sons, named respectively Wil- 
liam, Samuel, Jeremiah, Gamaliel, Elisha, Thomas, and 
Greenfield.* 

At the United States District Court in June, 1792, a 
trial took place against Skinner, et al., for being concerned 
in the slave trade. Judgment was rendered against the 
defendants for fitting out a ship and importing thirteen 
slaves. They were fined two hundred pounds for fitting 
out the ship, and fifty pounds for each of the slaves im- 
ported. John May, Esq., of Portland, was prosecutor, who 
received half the fine. 

In May, 1808, Joseph Drew, of Westbrook, was tried 
for the murder of Ebenezer Parker, a deputy sheriff, by 
striking him a blow with a club on the head, of which he 
died in the course of a week. The court was held in the 
meeting-house of the second parish, and, after a long and 
laborious trial, he was convicted and sentenced to be 
hung. He was executed on a gallows erected on Munjoy 
Hill, July 21, 1808. Drew was a blacksmith, residing at 
Saccarappa. Quimby, a debtor, of whom the sheriff' was 
in pursuit, had concealed himself in Drew's shop. Drew 
undertook to resist the process and protect his friend ; in 
doing which, the crime was committed which cost him his 
life. 

• Willis' History of Portland. 



CHAPTER XIII. 

PHYSICAL FEATDRES. 

Topographical Description of the Coast— Light-Houses— Portland 
Harlior— Topography of the Interior— Uiver Basins— Water- Power 

^Elevations — Scenery — Sebago liake. 

A DESCRIPTION of the physical features of Cumberland 
County embraces the topography of the coast and islands, 
as well as that of the interior. We shall be guided in our 
statements respecting the former by the accurate details of 
the United States Coast Survey, which furiii,shes all the 
information necessary upon the subject. 

TOPOGR.\PnY OP THE COAST. 

The county has a peculiar coast configuration, being situ- 
ated upon Casco Bay, which occupies the entire space be- 
tween Cape Small Point and Cape F]lizabeth, a distance of 
seventeen and three-quarters miles. Its eastern headland, 
Cape Small Point, is in latitude 43° 42' 7.5" north ; lon- 
gitude C9° 49' 54" west. Its western headland, Cape 
Elizabeth, is in latitude 48° 33' 53" north; longitude 70° 
11' 45" west. Between these two capes the bay extends 
up into the land an average distance of about twelve miles. 
It is full of islands, and the shore-line of the main land is 
very much cut up by rivers and indented by long and deep 
coves. The whole number of islands in Casco Bay is one 
hundred and thirty-six. Very many are fertile and under 
cultivation, and nearly all are inhabited. Nearly every 
island lies northeast and southwest, which is the general 
course of Casco Bay and of all the rivers and coves con- 
tained within its limits. 

A stranger, bound to Portland, falling in with the eastern 
shores of the bay, would recognize Cape Small Point as the 
rocky point crowned with fir, but bare of all trees or vege- 
tation from its wooded summit to the sea, towards which 
it slopes easily and regularly. A bare, rocky islet south of 
it is Glover Rock ; the bare bluflf-head a little to the west- 
ward is Bald Head ; the half-bare and half wooded islet seen 
up in the bay, to the northwestward of Bald Head, is Wood 
Island. West of Wood Island, Mark Island will appear, 
low, rocky, and crowned with fir. To the westward of Mark 
island, a tolerably high, partly wooded island, showing on 
its southwestern face a peculiar, white looking surface, dotted 
with scrub-growth, is Ragged Island. 

A tall granite light-tower, appearing to rise from the water, 
well to the westward of Ragged Island, is Half-Way Rock 
Light-House, built on Half-Way Rock as a guide for the 
bay to vessels going either to the eastward or westward. It 
shows a fixed white light, varied by red flashes. Far to the 
westward of Half-Way Rock will appear the high land of 
Cape Elizabeth, and on a clear day the lighi-house may 
plainly be seen. Sometimes, but seldom, Portland Head 
Light-House is visible ; but owing to its insufficient height 
it is hidden by its background of trees, except when the sun 
shines directly upon it. 

New Meadows River. — The shores of Casco Bay must 
necessaiily be described in detail; and beginning at Cape 
Small Point and proceeding to the westward we come to 
the initial point of our county, or rather its eastern shore 
boundary, New Meadows River, which opens iuto the bay 



60 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



between Horse Island, on the cast, and Cundiz Point, (the 
soutlicastcni end of Great Island), on the west. We enter 
this river and proceed up the tide-water to Howard Point, 
the head of navi<;ation on its west brancli, holding Harps- 
well, the most ea.stcrn town of our county, on the left hand. 
The most imjiortant i.sland in New Meadows River is Se- 
bascodcgan, or Great Island, the southern end of which 
presents a gently sloping, wooded point, backed by high 
lands, thickly settled and under cultivation. This island 
forms the western shore of the river, from its mouth to 
Foster Point, five miles above. It is split into three low 
points. The westernmost, forty feet high, is called West 
Cundiz Point; the middle. East Cundiz Point, and between 
tlie two is a narrow cove, known as Cromwell Cove. The 
easternmost point is called Fort Point, and between it and 
East Cundiz is Sandy Cove. Two liundred yards south 
from East Cundiz Point lies a low, bare islet, called Rogue 
Island, quite bold-to on its eastern shore. The true mouth 
of New Jleadows River lies between this island and Bear 
Island, on the eastern shore. It is three-quarters of a mile 
wide and perfectly unobstructed. 

Long Island lies in a north and south direction along the 
eastern shore of Great Island, and is a mile and three-eighths 
in length and quite narrow. At high water there is a pas- 
sage between Long and Great I.'»lands for light-draught ves- 
sels, but it is bare at low water. Long Island is partly cleared 
and under cultivation. From Woodward Point northward 
the western shores of New Meadows River are undulating, 
of moderate height, and present an appearance of cultivated 
farm homes. About a mile above the point is Cushmau's 
Wharf, where ship-building was formerly a considerable 
business, but the wharf and ship-yard are now deserted and 
fast falling into decay. 

One mile and a quarter above Woodward Point, and 
about a quarter of a mile above Cushman's Wharf, the 
river divides, the main channel going off to the northeast- 
ward, close to the eastern shore, and on the western side a 
deep bay. bare at low water, called Middle Bay. Between 
Middle Bay and the main channel is a high, round hill, 
facing the southern end of the peninsula separating the 
two bodies of water. This is Howard Point. Its crest and 
part of its sides are wooded, its shore is steep, and at its 
southern extremity is built a large stone wharf, for the use 
of vessels loading with stone from a large granite quarry, 
where formerly considerable business was done. Half a 
mile above this the river is spanned by a permanent bridge, 
and it is the head of navigation. 

Qmhiig Buy. — Next westward of New Jleadows River, 
on the coast-line of this county, is Quohog Bay. This bay is 
formed by a deep indentation in the southern shore of Great 
Island, and is an excellent harbor of refuge, although other- 
wise of no commercial importance. The entrance to it for 
vessels is between Yarmouth Island on the east, and Long 
Point, the .southwestern point of Great Island. 

Ridley Cove lies between the west shore of Cundiz Point 
and Yarmouth Island. It affords excellent anchorage, 
being from five to seven fathoms deep in any part of it. It 
is nearly a mile lung and three-eighths of a mile wide. The 
nonhcrn side of this cove is bounded by two small islands, 
—Great Hew Island and George Island. A small islet 



called Bush Island forms the western boundary of a narrow 
but available jiassage, with not less than twenty-one feet of 
water, from Ridley Cove to Quohog Bay. 

The land to the westward and northward of Long Point 
rises very gradually to a height of about eighty feet, and 
about a quarter of a mile to the northward a bluff-head 
eighty feet high extends into the bay. Behind this to the 
northward rise the high lands of Great Island, diversified 
with cleared and cultivated slopes, settlcnienls, and thickly- 
wooded hills. 

The channel west of Pole Island to Quohog Bay is eight 
fathoms deep as far as the north end of tlic island, and 
beyond that not less than four fathoms. The eastern chan- 
nel has five fathoms as far as the north end of Pole Island, 
and not less than four as far as Central Island.* 

The Gurnet is a long and narrow cove contained between 
the scutliern part of Great Island and Orrs Island. There 
was formerly a strait or passage between Great Island and 
the northeastern end of Orr's Island, but it is now bridged, 
and all communication cut off, except for small boats. The 
Gurnet is two miles long, half a mile wide at its mouth, 
and gradually contracts, until at its head it is not a quarter 
of a mile in width. It is of no importance except as a har- 
bor of refuge in northerly storms, and little even then, as 
vessels prefer to run into Stover Cove or Harpswell Harbor, 
or to anchor on the northern end of Bailey Island. 

Will's Straits, leading into Harpswell Sound, are used 
as a cut-off for light-draught vessels, fishermen, and yachts. 
They are narrow and extremely crooked, but average six 
feet at low water. Mackerel Cove, a deep indentation on 
the southwestern side of Bailey Island, is also a good tem- 
porary harbor, with five or six fathoms at low water. It is 
a great resort for fishermen. 

Mcriconear/ and Harpswell Sounds. — Next westward of 
the Gurnet are Mericoneag and Harpswell Sounds, which 
are formed by an arm of the sea extending in a northeast- 
erly direction for seven miles to the mouth of Stover River. 
On the east this arm of the sea is bounded by Bailey, Orr's, 
and Great Islands, on the west by Haskell Island and a 
long peninsula of the main land called Harpswell Neck. 
The southernmost part of this body of water is called Meri- 
coneag Sound ; the northern part, from Stover Point to 
the mouth of Stover River, Harpswell Sound. Upon the 
summit of Little Mark Island, a bare and bald rock lying 
a few liundred yards southwest of Haskell Island, is built 
a square stone obelisk fifty feet high as a guide to vessels 
pa.ssing through the bay or bound into Harpswell. It is a 
conspicuous mark when standing in from .sea anywhere be- 
tween Cape Small Point and Cape Elizabeth, and is known 
as Mark Island Monument. It was formerly painted in 
perpendicular black and white stripes, but long exposure to 
the weather has bleached the black and obliterated the 
white, so that it now has a uniform, dingy-gray color. Its 
geographical position is, latitude, 43° 42' 32" N. ; longi- 
tude, 70° 1' 53" W. 

The southeastern end of Harpswell Neck presents a reg- 
ularly sloj)ing hill about one hundred feet high, cleared and 
thickly settled. The land is under cultivation, as, indeed, 

'i' Uuited Stoles Const Survey. 



PHYSICAL FEATURES. 



67 



is most part of the peninsula. On its soutliem side it sends 
oft a long, low, rocky point, nearly three-quarters of a mile 
long and very narrow, called Potts Point. Between this 
and the northern end of Haskell Lsland is the eastern en- 
trance to a most commodious land-locked harbor called 
Potts Harbor. 

IlariKWell Neck is an irregular-shaped peninsula, about 
eight miles long, making off from the main land in a south- 
west direction between Harpswell Sound on the cast and 
Middle Bay on the west. Its shores are much indented by 
coves, the principal of which are Stover Cove or Harpswell 
Harbor, on the east side of the Neck, Clark Cove, Merri- 
man Cove, Widgeon Cove, Mill Cove, also on the east side 
and of little importance, being nearly bare at low water. 
Long Cove, on the northern side of Orr's Island, is about 
a mile and a quarter in length, and only about two hundred 
yards wide. Its shores are from eighty to one hundred and 
twenty feet liigh, and perfectly sheltered. On the south 
side is Lowell Cove, nearly a mile and a half long, and one- 
third of a mile wide at its mouth. It affords good anchor- 
age in from three to five fathoms. 

Lo}iff Reach. — On the northern side of Great Island 
there is a long cove running to the southwestward, two 
miles and a quarter, with an average width of five hundred 
yards. This is Long Reach, and it nearly cuts Great 
Island into two parts. A strip of land seventy-five yards 
wide alone separates the head of the reach from another 
narrow and irregular-shaped cove, which makes in on the 
eastern side of the island abreast of Pole Island, and one 
mile and a half above Long Point. Long Reach has thir- 
teen feet at low water seven-eigliths of a mile from its 
mouth. 

Blond ShuikL — Next to the westward of Mericoneag 
Sound is Broad Sound, extending to Middle and Maquoit 
Bays, which lie on the western side of Harpswell Neck. 
There is no commerce in either of these bays, but vessels 
of large size are often built there. Both afford good anchor- 
age, with from two to six fathoms at low water. Broad 
Sound is bounded on the north by Stockman and Whale- 
boat Islands; on the east by Little Birch, Upper Flag, and 
Haskell Islands ; and on the west by Stave, Ministerial, 
and Bates Islands, and a group of bare rocks and rocky 
islets lying south of Bates Island. The most prominent of 
these rocks is called the Brown Cow, or the Brown Cow of 
Broad Sound. Eagle Island lies in the middle of the sound. 

Middle Bay is contained between the western shore of 
Harpswell Neck on the east and a number of islands of 
Casco Bay on the west. On the northeast it is bounded by 
the main land. The bay extends northeast, is over six miles 
long from Whaleboat Island to its head, and little over a 
mile wide at its mouth, the width gradually diminishing to 
half a mile at Scrag Island, where it unites with Mare 
Point Bay. The approaches to this bay from the westward 
are mainly through Luckse Sound, a wide and good channel 
contained between Long Island and Hope Island on the 
west, and Crotch Island on the east. The other islands of 
this portion of the sound will be described hereafter. 

Marqunt Bay is included between Mare Point Neck and 
the main land. It lies northeast and southwest ; is three 
and three-quarters miles long, and about a mile and a quarter 



wide at high water in its widest part. At low water the 
channel for vessels of six or seven feet draught is not over 
seven hundred yards wide, all the rest of the bay being oc- 
cupied by flats nearly bare at low water.* The entrance to 
this bay is between Mare Point on the ea.st, and a low, bare 
point of the main land, called Little Flying Point, on the 
west. There are several i.slands off the mouth, and the 
passage leading to the bay is full of Lslands. The main land 
on the northwest presents the appearance of a hilly country, 
the slopes cleared and cultivated, and studded with hou.ses 
near the summits, and the whole backed by woodlands cov- 
ering the crests of the hills. The land north of the head 
of the bay is high, in some places forming hills of one hun- 
dred and fifty and two hundred feet in altitude. 

Freeport liioer. — The entrance to Freeport River lies 
between Moore Point on the east, and Stockbridge Point 
on the west. Moore Point is the southwestern end of Wolf 
Neck. Stockbridge Point is the eastern extremity of a 
peninsula or neck of land making off' from the main land on 
the western side. Several islands lie off' the mouth of the 
river, the principal of which are Bibber Island, which 
guards the eastern side of the approach, and Great Moshier 
Island, which guards the western side. On the north side 
of Flying Point Neck is a large cove, into the northwest- 
ern part of which empties Little River, bare at low water 
throughout its length, and much of it occupied by salt 
meadows. Above Stockbridge Point a large cove opens on 
the western side of the river, between the north shore of Sta- 
ples Island and the main land. This is called Staples Cove, 
and is bare at low water. The western shores of Staples 
Cove are about eighty feet high, and slope gradually. Sirout 
Point Village lies on the west bank of Freeport River about 
five-eighths of a mile above Stockbridge Point. The gen- 
eral course of the river is about northeast from Stockbridge 
Point to Bartol Island, a distance of a mile and three- 
quarters, but the channel is somewhat crooked. The 
principal business in Freeport River is the importation of 
lumber and ship timber, and the building of vessels. 

At Bartol Island the river divides, one branch going to 
the northwestward, along the southeastern shores of Bartol, 
and the other running nearly north to a village on the west 
bank, called Bartol Point Village. This is the head of 
navigation. 

Inside Fassiige. — There is an inside piissage through 
Casco Bay, from Portland Harbor to Freeport River, which 
is commonly used by coasters when the wind or sea is un- 
favorable for an outside passage. This inside passage be- 
gins at Hog Island Ledge, upon which the large granite 
fort, called Fort Gorges, is situated, and runs in a north- 
easterly direction past Hog Lsland, Clapboard Island, Basket 
Island, Little and Great Chebeag Islands, Cousin Island, 
and between Great Chebeag and Littlejohn Islands, and 
joins the Luckse Sound Channel off Chebeag Point. The 
whole distance is nine miles from Breakwater Light to 
Chebeag Point. The water is always smooth, and the 
channel in most places wide and deep. Fourteen feet is 
the least depth at low water between Mackey Island and 
Fort Gorges. 



» Unilod States Const Survey. 



68 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Fogg Point, Cousin ami Tarmouth Rivers. — One mile 
anil tlireo-ciijhtlis west of the entrance to Freoport River is 
FofTj; Point, the eastern jioint of the common entrance to 
Cousin and Yarmouth Rivers. Tlie entrance here is throe- 
eighths of a mile wide between Fogs; Point and Parlcer 
Point, which forms its western .side. The hmd between 
Staples Point and Fogg Point is low and bare, with wooded 
slopes one hundred feet behind it. Fogg Point is one hun- 
dred feel high ; large flats o.Ktend from it to the southward 
as far as Cousin Island, there being no passage into Yar- 
mouth River between Fogg Point and Ulaney Point. The 
proper channel leads between Saiidy Point, the northwest- 
ern point of Cousin Island, and Drinkwator Point on the 
main land. 

Cousin River is a narrow creek about three-quarters of 
a mile long, and having an average width of one-eighth of 
a mile. It is very shoal, having only three feet at mean 
low water. 

Yarmouth River pas.ses to the westward between Brown's 
and Parker Points, and is a quarter of a mile wide at its 
mouth. Its course is about west for three-quarters of a 
mile, and then turns abruptly to the northwest for about a 
mile farther, to Yarmouth Falls Village, situated on its west 
bank. The channel is extremely narrow, and has but four 
feet at mean low water, or about thirteen feet at high water. 
Tlie shores are moderately high, varying from twenty to 
sixty feet, mostly cleared and cultivated. The approach to 
Yarmouth River from Portland, or from the westward, 
leads between Clapboard Island and Prince Point on the 
main land. 

Prince Point is a low, broad, cleared and .settled cape, 
except on the summit, which is forty feet high, and occupied 
by groves of trees. Behind it, to the northward, the land 
gradually rises to one hundred feet above high-water mark, 
and exhibits some of the finest farming lands in this vicinity 
under a high state of cultivation. Prince Point is seven- 
eighths of a mile west of Clapboard Island, and a mile and a 
half northwest of Mackey Island. 

On the north side of Prince Point, a small cove, bare at 
low water, makes in about a quarter of a mile. Its northern 
point of entrance is Bartlett's Point, which has on its 
northern side a larger cove, called Mussel Cove. From this 
the shore takes a general northeasterly course two miles, to 
the entrance to Broad Cove. Three-quarters of a mile 
northeast of Bartlett's I'oint is a small creek or cove called 
York Ijanding, and one mile and one-eighth above this is 
Foster's Landing. 

Hussry Sound runs between Peak's Island and Long 
Island. It has a deep, unobstructed channel, but in easterly 
and southerly winds there is a very ugly chopping sea, so 
that vessels bound to the eastward usually avoid it by pass- 
ing along the western shore of Long Island, through the 
inside passage. 

Mouth of the Prcsunipscot. — The point of entrance to the 
Presumpscot River on the west is marked by Martin Point, 
-T-a long, narrow projection about sixty feet high, fringed 
with woods on its eastern end, and having upon its summit 
the large square building used as the United States Marine 
Hospital. Mackey Point is situated about six hundred and 
fifty yards northeast of it, and forms the eastern boundary to 



the entrance from the bay. This point is about twenty feet 
high, and is cleared and settled. A drawbridge across the 
mouth of the Presumpscot River connects the two points. 
Above this, the river extends in a northerly direction to the 
village of Fahuouth Corner, about two miles distant. Half 
a mile above Martin Point on the western shore of the 
river are situated the Casco Iron Works. This is as far as 
navigation for vessels usually extends, the principal trade 
being between this place and Portland. 

]'ortl(in<l Harbor. — The city of Portland, which is the 
principal maritime port of the State of Maine, lies in lati- 
tude 4:5° 39' north, and longitude 70° 15' west. The 
harbor is one of the best on the coast. It is naturally di- 
vided into an Inner and an Outer Harbor. The latter is 
contained between a line joining Mackey and Great Hog 
Lsland on the northeast. Peaks Island on the east. House 
Island on the south, and the shores of Cape Elizabeth, from 
Spring Point to the breakwater, on the west. 

Hog Island Roads, properly so called, are contained be- 
tween Little Hog Island, Peaks, and House Island. 

The Inner Harbor is formed by the waters of Fore 
River, which is an arm of the bay, running in a southwest- 
by-west direction between the peninsula upon which the 
city is built and the north .shore of Cape Elizabeth. A 
bridge crossing the river, one mile and a quarter to the west- 
ward of the breakwater, forms the western boundary of 
the harbor. This bridge is called Portland Bridge, and 
connects the city with Cape Elizabeth. The Inner Harbor 
is a mile and a quarter long in a northeast and southwest 
direction, and at average high tide is about eleven hundred 
yards wide. At mean low water this is reduced to a width 
of about a thousand yards. 

The northeastern end of the city of Portland is built 
upon a high hill, called Munjoy Hill, the summit of which 
is one hundred and forty feet above sea level. On this hill 
stands Munjoy Observatory, a very prominent red tower, 
from which marine intelligence, such as the arrival of ves- 
sels, etc., is signaled. The breakwater, solidly built of 
granite, extends off from the extreme northern point of 
Cape Elizabeth in a northeast direction six hundred and 
fifty yards, and upon its extremity is built a lone tower, or 
Bug Light- House, which .shows a fixed red light as a guide 
to vessels, to enable them to avoid Standiford Ledge, on 
part of which the breakwater is built. This light-house is 
called Breakwater Light. The light is red until past the 
breakwater, bound in, and then shows a faint red approach- 
ing to white, and so appears from the anchorage in the 
harbor. 

Vessels bound to Portland from the eastward, and in- 
tending to pass through the bay, leave Seguin Island a mile 
and a half, and Cape Small Point about two miles to the 
northward, and steer W. i N. for Portland Head Light. 
When off the cape a gray tower will be seen (if the weather 
be clear) bearing W. h N., and distant about nine miles. 
This is Ilalf-Way Rock Light-House, and will appear, until 
within two or three miles of it, as if standing in the water. 
It is built upon Half- Way Rock, which is a bare, rocky 
islet, about sixteen feet high, situated in Casco Bay, seven 
miles and three-cpiarters E. j N. from Portland Head Light- 
House, and nine miles E. N. E. from Cape Elizabeth Light- 



PHYSICAL FEATURES. 



69 



House. The light-house is a granite tower, sixty-six feet 
in height, which shows a fixed white light, varied by red 
flashes once every minute, from a height of eighty feet 
above sea level. The light is of the third order of Fresnel, 
and visible in ordinary weather fifteen nautical miles. The 
geographical position of the light-tower is latitude 43° 39' 
21" north, longitude 70° 02' 13" west. 

Portland Head Light-House is built upon Portland Head, 
a prominent headland of Cape Elizabeth, three miles and a 
hail' above the pitch of the cape. It is a white tower, 
sixty-nine feet high, and shows a fixed white light from an 
elevation of one hundred and one feet above sea level. This 
light is of the second order of Fresnel, and is visible in 
ordinary weather fifteen nautical miles. Clo.se by the light- 
house appears a pyramidal structure painted white, and 
about thirty feet high, standing at the base of the light- 
tower. This is the bell-tower, and contains the fog-bell and 
machinery for striking it. Tiiere is also another fog-signal, 
a second-class Daboll's air-trumpet, giving blasts of eight 
seconds at intervals of forty seconds. It is placed in a 
building adjacent to the bell-tower. The keeper's dwelling, 
which is a white stone building, is connected with the 
light-house by a wooden porch. Portland Head Liglu- 
House is in latitude 43° 37' 42" north, longitude 70° 12' 
29" west. 

Cape Elizabeth Lights are two towers to the southward 
of Portland Head. They stand three hundred yards apart 
on a line northeast-by-east and south west-by- west, on the 
pitch of the cape. The eastern tower (called East Light) 
is of stone, striped white and red, there being four broad 
red horizontal stripes. It shows a fixed white light of the 
second order of Fresnel, from a height of one hundred and 
forty-three feet above sea level. The keeper's dwelling is 
a whitewashed stone building, connected with the tower by 
a wooden walk. The Western Light-House is a white stone 
tower, with one vertical stripe on its seaward face, showing 
a revolving white light of the second order from a height 
of one hundred and forty-three feet above sea level, and 
has also a keeper's dwelling connected with it by a wooden 
porch. Both towers are fifty-three feet high. In foggy 
weather a steam-whistle, ten inches in diameter, gives warn- 
ing by two blasts of five seconds each, with an interval of 
eight seconds between them, and then a pause of forty-two 
seconds every minute. 

Buck Cove. — On the north side of the city of Portland, 
between it and the main land, is a large, nearly circular cove, 
called Back Cove. It is nearly all dry at low water ; but 
a narrow passage leads to the southward along the eastern 
side of the cove to a large pier covered with warehouses, 
situated on the north side of Portland Peninsula, and on 
the south shore of the cove. The entrance to Back Cove 
is crossed by two bridges. The easternmost is a railroad 
bridge ; the other, which is a quarter of a mile to the west- 
ward, is called Tukey Bridge. Both have draws. The 
passage for vessels to this cove is well marked by buoys, and 
twenty feet at low water can be taken as far up as the 
bridge. 

Gape Elizahcth. — The shore-line of Cape Elizabeth, like 
that of most of the coast which we have thus far examined, 
is much indented by coves, the principal of which, begin- 



ning at the pitch of the cape, are Broad Cove, Zeb Cove, 
Pond Cove, Ship Cove, and Simonton, sometimes called 
Gurry Cove. Broad Cove is about three-r|uarters of a mile 
above Dyer Point, which is the north point of the pitch of 
Cape Elizabeth ; Zeb Cove is a mile and a quarter above 
Broad Cove ; Pond Cove is a mile below Portland Head ; 
Ship Cove is a small indentation making in on the north 
side of the head ; Simonton, or Gurry Cove, is a mile and 
a half above the head, and just below Spring Point, on 
which is built Fort Preble. This structure is a large gran- 
ite fort, .surmounted by heavy sod traverses, and, with its 
barracks and ofiicers' quarters, presents a picturesque and 
imposing appearance. Opposite Fort Preble is House 
Island, containing an old square fortification called Fort 
Scammel. 

The southern extremity of Cape Elizabeth is a somewhat 
precipitous bluff, called High Head, and is three-eighths of 
a mile south of the lighthouse. The south shores of the 
cape take a westerly direction from High Head to a grassy, 
sloping point called McKinney Point. From this point the 
shore-line turns abruptly to the northward, and, sweeping 
gradually round to the west and southwest, forms a large 
semicircular cove a mile and a quarter wide. The name 
usually given to it is Seal Cove. It is rarely ever u.sed as 
a harbor, but its eastern shore is quite a noted place of sum- 
mer resort, a large hotel having been built there. 

Richmond Isfatul. — The western point of the cove, which 
is low and sandy, is connected at extreme low tide by a 
sand-bar with Richmond Island, which lies south-southeast 
of it about eight hundred yards. This i.sland is of a moderate 
height, bare of trees, with the exception of a very small 
grove near the summit, about a mile long and eight hun- 
dred yards wide in its widest part. Its eastern extremity is 
called East Point, and is one mile southwest of High Head. 
The island has upon it a house and out-buildings. 

The harbor of Richmond Island is on the north side, 
between it and the southern shore of Cape Elizabeth, and 
is a mile in length, measuring from east to west, by about 
three-quarters of a mile in width. It has but few obstruc- 
tions to navigation, and may be safely entered at all times. 
To the south of Richmond Island, and between it and the 
main land, lie the small islets, Stephen's Rock and the Sis- 
ters; and west of the sand-bar, about the same distance from 
the main land, lie the group called Ram Island, the Brothers, 
and Chimney Rock. These, with Watt's Ledge and West 
Ledge, constitute the chief dangers to the passage into 
Richmond Island harbor. 

Spurwiiik River. — Passing westwai-d along the main 
shore, we come next to the mouth of the Spurwink River, 
which is a deep indentation, or arm of the sea, several miles 
in length. This river, being of no importance to naviga- 
tion, has been overlooked in the coast survey. The entrance 
to the Spurwink is bounded on the east by Surwick Point, 
and on the west by a small point at the upper end of Hig. 
<'ins Beach. The width of the river at its mouth is about 
three-fourths of a mile, and its length to the head of tide- 
water about two miles. The coast westward from the 
mouth of the Spurwink is sandy, and is known as Scar- 
borough Beach. 

J'mit Neck. — The last prominent feature of the coast- 



70 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



line of tills county, as we complete our inspection of it 
westward, is the eastern headland of Saco Bay, known as 
Prout or Libbys Neck. This is a peninsula or neck of 
land extcndini; in a southerly direction into the ocean. It is 
three miles west of Bichniond Island, and a little over five 
miles from Cape Elizabeth. The land is low, and the cen- 
tre of the neck is occupied by a thick grove of spruce and 
fir, the rest of the surface being dotted thinly with various 
kinds of trees. Seen from the westward, one or two houses 
and some cleared land show on its western shore. 

On the western side of this neck enters Dunstan or New 
River, a small, shallow .stream of no commercial importance, 
and nearly dry at low water. Its shores are low and sandy, 
with a thin growth of spruce and pine and other trees scat- 
tered along their length. Several branches enter this river 
above tidewater. Its mouth, between Pine Point and 
Ferry Rock, is quite narrow, resembling the neck of a 
bottle. Its chief affluents near the coast are the Nonesuch 
and Libby Rivers. 

TOl'OORAl'llY OP THE INTERIOR. 

The general topographical features of the interior of the 
county are marked by no groat hills or mountains, the highest 
elevations being tho.se nortluvcst of the bed of Sebago Lake, 
in Bridgton and on the county line. Tlie longest distance 
across the county from north to south — from Prout's Neck, 
the southern extreme of Scarborough, to the northern limit 
of the town of Ilarri.son — is about forty miles. The great- 
est distance east and west is from the northeastern line of 
Brunswick to the west line of Baldwin, on the Saco River, 
and is about thirty nine miles. These are the extreme 
points. The average width of the county is about twenty 
miles, and its average length, from southeast to northwest, 
about thirty-six miles. It has, therefore, an approximate 
area of about seven hundred and twenty square miles, or, 
including the islands, capes, etc., about eight hundred 
square miles. 

RIVER B.VSIN.S, RIVERS, AND WATER-POWER. 

Cumberland County has several important river sy.stems, 
which are included wholly or partly within its limits. 
These are the Androscoggin, the Presumpscot, the Royal, 
the Nonesuch, and the Saco. The importance of these in 
a manufacturing point of view leads us to consider them 
somewhat at large in this chapter. 

The Amhuscnggln River, which forms a portion of the 
northern boundary of the county, has an extensive drain- 
age area occupying the. region of country between the 
ocean and the northerly outposts of the White Mountains. 
In its southern jiortion it is separated from the Saco basin 
by the hydrographic area of the Presumpscot and Royal 
Rivers, but in its northern portion is conterminous with 
it. The basin of this river, from the ocean to its extreme 
sources, is one hundred and ten miles; its greatest breadth, 
from Randoljih, N. II., to Fayette, Me., is seventy miles; 
its dimensions in Maine are two thousand seven hundred 
and fifty s(|uare miles; in New Hampshire, about eight 
hundred and fifty ; making a total of three thousand six 
hundred square miles. 

Its elevation is considerably greater than that of any 



other hydraulic district in the State, its northern portion 
being uplifted upon the outlying highlands of the White 
Mountains. Nearly the whole of its area is located above 
the lowest mill-privileges, and contributes to the immense 
water-power of the main river. The following table will 
show some of the principal elevations above tide, although 
the points being situated mainly upon the river and upon 
railroads, do not show the height of portions of the sur- 
rounding country : 



Lociilitios. Foi't. 

Danville Junction 180 

Auburn Station 211) 

Lewiston 212 

East I.ivermore .3fi0 

South Paris 370 

Loclie's Mills Station 710 

Head Rumford Falls 600 



Lucalitiea, Feet. 

Mechanic Falls 270 

Cvlord Station 310 

(3ilead 700 

State Line ((J. T. crossing) 690 

(iorham Stalion (N. H.) S02 

Headof Uerlin Falls(N. II.) 1048 

Head Androscossin River.. 3000 



Bethel Station 610 Northeast head Magulloway 

Androscoggin at Bethel 620 River 2640 

White's Corners 659 Northwest head Magallo- 

Mount Pleasant River 6.)2 way River 2917 

Leeds Station 260 1 Umbiigog Lakes loll 

The Androscoggin proper takes its origin and its name 
only from the point of confluence of the Magalloway and 
Umbagog Lake waters. Its length is 157 miles. It is fed 
by 83 principal lakes and ponds, whose aggregate surface 
measures 15G.25 square miles. It is estimated that this 
river, after deducting one-fourth for evaporation and infil- 
tration on its way to tide-water, in its total descent of 1256 
feet, will yield a gross power of 200,000 horse, for eleven 
hours a day, H12 dajs in the year. 

The only water-power on this river within the limits of 
Cumberland County is that at Brunswick, or " Pejop.scot 
Falls," at the head of tide-water. The total height of the 
fall at this point is 40.815 feet above mean high tide, with 
a horizontal distance of 1980 feet. The fall can be in- 
creased to 55 feet by raising the upper dam, involving a 
comparatively small damage from flowage, the land on 
both sides of the river for eight miles, to Little River vil- 
lage, being mostly high. The rock composing the falls con- 
sists of coarse graphic granite and gneiss. Upon the 
middle fall, the rock projects considerably above the water 
at many points, serving as a natural abutment to the several 
sections of the dam. The lower fall is divided about mid- 
way by Shad Island, on which mills were formerly built. 
There are three pitches, the lowest having a vertical descent 
of 15.49 feet, the middle 14,04, and the upper 11.30. 

The volume of water available for manufacturing at 
Brunswick has been carefully estimated at 125,000 cubic 
feet per minute for eleven hours per day at extreme low 
run in dry seasons. This is an amount equal to 9676 
horse-power, or 397,000 spindles. By raising the daiu to 
55 feet, it would give a grass power of 12,980 horse, or 
519,200 spindles. 

The advantages for building maiuiraotories are unsur- 
passed on both sides of the river, afiording ample accommo- 
dations for a large manufacturing city. On the Brunswick 
side below the village, the ground lies in three extensive 
levels of such height and form as to admit of improvement 
without grading, and there would be little rock excavations 
required in admitting the water to any amount of machinery. 
The privilege is owned by about fifteen proprietors resident 
in the vicinity. The proportion of the power now used is 
very insignificant, although there is a fine cotton-mill located 



PHYSICAL FEATURES. 



71 



on the middle dam on the Brunswick side, of twenty-five 
thousand spindles, which employs five hundred hands in 
the manufacture of fine and coarse sheeting and drills, two 
flour-mills, and two saw-mills. It is not our purpose, 
however, to mention the manufactories in this chapter; 
particulars with reference to these will be found in the 
town histories. 

Basin of Piesumpscot. — This may be described as lying 
between the Saco and the southern part of the Androscog- 
gin basins. So far as hydraulic facilities are concerned, it 
is the most important basin in the county. It is highly 
elongated, and diminishes in breadth at its head, its greatest 
length being fifty-two miles, its area five liundred and 
twenty square miles. 

The streams .setting, from the immediate vicinity of the 
northern part of thisbasin, north towards the Androscoggin 
at Bethel, and east into Greenwood, have, at their point of 
discharge, a height of about six and seven hundred feet, 
respectively, above sea level Songo Pond occupies, of 
course, one of the lowest points, is two feet higher than the 
Androscoggin near the mouth of Pleasant River (as shown 
by the canal surveys), or about six hundred and thirty feet. 
Sebago Lake, midway of the basin, has usually been esti- 
mated at two hundred and eighty feet above tide, but has 
been found by J. F. Anderson, chief engineer of the Port- 
land and Ogdensburg Railroad, to be two hundred and sixty- 
seven feet above mean low water in Portland Harbor ; so 
that as a whole the district is considerably elevated, and the 
fall of its surplus waters correspondingly large. 

We give, in this connection, the table of elevations at 
different points along the Portland and Ogdensburg Rail- 
road within the bounds of this county, as furnished by 
Mr. Anderson, upon a base of mean low water as established 
by engineers of the United States Coast Survey, the initial 
point of distances being the west end of the Portland and 
Kennebec Railroad Coniiiany's freight-house in Portland : 

Loi-iilities. Dist. neight 

lllik-s. ffet. 

Crossing of rolling-mills track in Portland 1 22.6 

Crossing of Portland and Rochester llailroiul tiack in 

Wfstbrook tiA 75 

Cro.-singof highwayat CumberlandMillsinWes'brook 5.i 72 

Ice-surface of Presunipscot River above Cumberland 

Mills 5.64 4:i 

Ice-surface of Presumpscut River at mouth of Ink- 

llorn Rrook, Windham 7.33 74 

Ice-surface of Presunipscot lliver at mouth uf Colby 

Wright Rrook, Windham 9.7 7fp 

Highway :it Mallisou I'^alls of Presumpscut River, 

Windham 10 112 

Highway at Little Falls of Prcsumpscot River, Wiud- 

ham n 137 

Ice-surface of Presumpseot River at mouth of Black 

Brook, Windh.am 11.1 113 

Highway at ({ambo (Oriental Powder Company), 

Windham 12 103 

Ice-surface of Prcsumpscot Crossing above Gambo, 

Windham 12.6 134 

Crossing of highway and water-supply pipe, White 

Rock Station, Gorham 13.5 214 

Ice-surlace of Lung Otter Pond, Stiindish 16 253 

Natural surface of drift formation around and between 

Otter Ponds, Stiindish 15.17 303 

Ice-surface of Half-Moon Otter Pond, .Standish 16.1 260 

Ice surface of Sebago Lake, si.x hundred feet from 

shore. Standish 17 267 

Highway Crossing at Richville (plains), Standish 20 319 

Surlaceof Richville Pond, Standish 21 2.S4 

Divide between Sebago Lake and Saco River, Stiindish 22 348 

Highway at Steep Falls of Saco River, Stiindish 24.5 3U9 

Surface of Quaker Brook (outlet of Dyer Pond, Bald- 
win) 26 26S 

Highway crossing on plains at East Baldwin 20.3 310 



Localities. Dial. Height 

milca. feet. 

Highway crossing, Baldwin 30 .324 

Surface of Saco River at the mouth of the Ossipee, 

Baldwin 32 270 

Suifaecof Dug-llill Brook, Baldwin .32.8 294 

Surface of Break-Neck Brook, Baldwin 34 326 

Surface of Ingalls' Pond, near the head of Great Falls 

of Saco River, Baldwin 35,4 352 

Surface of Saco River crossing Hiram and Baldwin 

line 30.1 ZS2 

Surface of Saco River, freshet of 1870 360 

Surface of Saco River, freshet of 1814 364 

To the above may be added the heights in several other 
localities, taken from the " Water-Power of Maine," the 
elevations being given above high water at Portland, which 
we change to mean low water (a difference of nine feet) to 
correspond with the above : 

Feet. 

Turtle Pond, Windham 291 

Saturday Pond, Otisfield 513 

Divide between Presumpseot and Androscoggin 673 

Horsebeef Falls 92 

Boody's Tavern, Windham 288 

Gorham and Bu.xton Boundary 183 

Parker Pond 417 

Cumberlimd Station 55 

F.almouth Station 23 

Gorham Station 21 1 

Pond north of Saccarappa 61 

The course of the Presumpseot River is very nearly south- 
east, and, regarded as continued in Crooked River, remark- 
ably direct, or free from extensive windings from its source 
to its mouth, .so that its drainage area is very long in pro- 
portion to its breadth. But the main stream above Sebago 
Lake is to an extraordinary degree diversified with local 
and minute sinuosities, which parallel fully the eccentricities 
of course of the celebrated river of the cast, Meander. The 
Presumpseot proper, from Sebago Lake to tide-water, by 
the course of the river, is only about twenty-two miles long. 
Crooked River is estimated at forty-two miles long, follow- 
ing the course of its windings. The annual receipt of 
moisture in its valley is estimated in cubic feet fifty-one 
billions, and its yearly discharge of waters is twenty billions 
four hundred millions cubic feet. The variations in volume, 
even in a state of nature, would be comparatively small in 
the Presumpseot proper, owing to the great extent and com- 
pensating influence of the grand reservoir at its head. But 
in addition to this, the natural uniformity of the stream is 
assisted by the artificial control of the delivery of the lake, 
so that for the practical purposes of extensive manufactur- 
ing it is constant throughout the year. The volume em- 
ployed at Cumberland IMills, estimated from the .statement 
of George W. Hammond, Esq., is about fifty thousand 
cubic feet per minute. This run continued throughout the 
working days of the year for ten hours a day would carry 
off about ninety-five billions cubic feet. The range from 
lowest to highest water is found to be, on the several dams 
in Westbrook, from four to five feet, at the Outlet dam four 
to five feet. The descent ol the river from the lake to tide 
— two hundred and forty-seven feet in twenty-two miles — is 
at the mean rate of 11.2 feet per mile, or 7'.3 circular meas- 
urement. 

From the sea to Sebago Lake the basin of the Prcsump- 
scot is underlaid chiefly with mica schist; the river itself, 
however, for nearly half the distance flows in a narrow belt 
of gneiss. Around and above Sebago Lake granite prevails 
exclusively. Excellent building stone is abundant, in all 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



parts. The southern portion of the basin is unduhiting, 
moderately liiliy ; the iiortiiern ru<;god and mountainous. 
Tiie surface materials predominating are sandy and gravelly. 
The southern part has been pretty thoroughly cleared of 
forests, while the northern is still in many places heavily 
wooded. 

The affluents of the Presumpscot are important only as 
connecting the river with several of its reservoirs and as 
furnishing sites for many small water-powers. The total 
nunibcr of lakes in this basin-system is forty-five, whose 
combined area is ninety-seven S()uare miles, or one square 
mile of lake surface to each five and three-tenths square 
miles of the basin. The lakes average two and one-tenth 
square miles in surface. The following table will show 
the principal reservoirs for water-power of the Presump- 
scot River, the areas being given approximately in square 
miles : 



Sobiigo Lake .'in.flO 

Trickev Pond 0.75 

PcibMly " 1.50 

Brandy " 1.25 

Long " 12.00 

Plcnsiint " 2.25 

PanllKi's " 2.75 

RatMienakc, two ponds.... 2.75 

I-ittIc Solmgo Pond 5.00 

Crolchcd Pond 2.75 

Adams '• 0.30 | 

Twenlj-thiec ponds, 90.45 square 



Holfs Pond 0.:!0 

Stearns '• 1.00 

Anonymou.s Ponii 0.75 

Woods " 1.50 

Thomas " 1.15 

Long Pond, Waterlord 1.00 

Bear Pond 0.75 

Moose " 0.75 

Songo " 0.S5 

Stone, two ponds 1.10 

lies. 



There is a dam eight feet high at the outlet of Sebago 
Lake, by which a head of four feet is now commanded over 
the whole surface. It is capable of being raised four feet 
more without incurring more than very trifling damages 
for flowage. A head of six feet, giving a volume of 
8,368,520,000 cubic feet, would supply 44,600 cubic feet 
per minute for the ordinary working hours of the year. 
This (the storage alone, be it observed) would yield on a 
fall of 20 feet — as at Cumberland Mill.s — a gross power of 
1688 horse for the time specified. It would yield in its 
fall of 247 feet to the tide a gross power of 20,846 horse, 
— 833,840 spindles throughout the year. To this requires 
to be added the nafimil low-run volume of the river to 
arrive at the constant aggregate of its manufacturing power 
from Sebago Lake to tlie sea. 

W. II. Jackson, Esq , president of the Oriental Powder 
Company, wrote for the " Water-Powerof Maine," in 1871 : 
" I have run water at Westcott's Falls, where the lake 
waters enter the river, for thirty-two days, through four 
gates four feet square each, and one six feet square, under 
a ten-foot head, with a flow four feet deep over the dam 
eighty feet long, and even then have not succeeded in pre- 
venting the water from rising six to nine inches above the 
four-foot licad on the dam, which is all the dam will now 
safely carry." These figures indicate an enormous waste 
of water, much the greater part of which, with a sufiicient 
dam, could be reserved for manufacturing purpo.ses. 

The water of Sebago Lake is shown by analysis to ap- 
proach as near to absolute purity as any mass of water of 
large volume in the world, .«o far as known. It is, there- 
fore, particularly adapted to use in chemical and bleaching 
works, as well as to the purpose of supplying tlie city of 
Portland with an abundance of pure and wholesome water. 
(See Portland Water- Works.; 



Roi/al, Nonesuch, and Stroudwater Rivers. — That por- 
tion of the county drained by the Royal River and its 
branches is situated between the southern points of the 
Presump.scot and Androscoggin basins. It is about twenty- 
one miles long by twelve broad, and contains an area of one 
hundred and seventy square miles. The surface is undu- 
lating or moderately billy, but in no place attains to a very 
great elevation. The following are some of the heights at 
difl\;rent points : 

Localities. Feet. I.ooiilities. Feet. 

New Glouce.^ter Station 100 I Summit, Yarmouth A Cuni- 

Pownal Station 120 licrland, Grand Trunk 

North Yarmouth Station .... 95 Railroad 113 

Yarmouth Junction 75 j 

The surface materials of this section are chiefly loam and 
clay. More than one-fourth of the surface is wooded. 
Gneiss underlies the southern part of the basin ; mica schist 
the northern three-fourths. The Royal is the principal 
stream of this section, and is twenty-eight miles in length, 
including its chief windings. The total number of streams 
represented on the map is thirty-eight. There are six small 
ponds. The range from lowest to highest water is six feet 
at Yarmouth. The annual rainfall is about 16,.500,000,000 
cubic feet, of which about 6,000,000,000 are discharged 
by the rivers. Large artificial reservoirs have been con- 
structed at the head of the main river. 

The Nonesuch and Stroudwater Rivers drain a tract of 
about one hundred and twenty-five square miles south of 
the Presumpscot basin. Two small ponds appear in this 
basin. The estimated discharge of waters is 4,800,000,000. 

Lalee ISebago. — The scenery about this lake has been 
made classic by Whittier and Longfellow. The former, in 
his " Funeral Trio of the So Ko Kis," says, — 

"Around Sebago's lonely lake 
There lingers not a breeze to break 
The mirror which its waters make. 

" The solemn pines along its shore, 
The firs which hang its gray rocks o'er, 
Are painted on its glassy shore. 

" The sun looked o'er with hazy eye, 
The snowy mountain-tops which lie 
Piled coldly up against the sky." 

The " solemn pines" are not so abundant now, nor the 
" firs which hang its gray rocks o'er." 

The Songo River is but two and a half miles in a straight 
line, yet in passing up it one must sail six miles and make 
twenty-.seven turns round its tortuous course. Its peculiar 
sinuosity is well described by Longfellow in the following 
lines : 

"Nowhere such a devious stream, 
Save in fancy or in dream, 
Winding slow through bush and brake, 
Links together lake and lake. 

** Walled with woods or sandy shelf, 
Ever doubling on itself, 
Flows the stream, so ttill and slow, 
That it hardly seems to flow, 

" Never errant-knight of old. 
Loft on woodland or on wold, 
Such a winiling path pursued 
Through the sylvan solitude. 



INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 



73 



" In the mirror of its title 
Tangled thicket on each side 
Hang united, and between 
Floating cloud of sky serene." 

The water is clear and deep, and mirrors with perfect 
accuracy the forest and foliage upon it.s banks. 

Near the foot of the lake on tlie east side is tlie curious 
mass of rock called the " Images," rising nearly seventy 
feet perpendicularly, and then sloping in jagged and fanci- 
ful shapes for a distance of about thirty feet more. In 
these rocks, at the water's edge, is an opening four feet by 
six, and about twenty-five feet in extent into the ledge, called 
the " Cave," which has a peculiar interest, from the fact 
that it was a favorite boyhood resort of Nathaniel Haw- 
thorne, who was wont to sail in it in his tiny fishing-boat. 
The early home of the great novelist was but a short 
distance to the northeast of this spot. 

The scenery to the north and west is somewhat rugged 
and mountainous. The principal mountain on the west is 
Saddleback Mountain, in Baldwin ; on the east, Peaked 
Mountain ; and on the north, Mount Kearsarge and the 
White Mountain range. 

Mount Pleasant, an hour's ride from Bridgton Landing, 
is quite a place of summer resort. The road winds amidst 
romantic scenery about two miles to the summit, which, 
when attained, commands a prospect of about three hundred 
miles. 

Looking eastward, we perceive at our feet Moo.se Pond, 
and farther on Wood's Pond, Highland Lake, Bridgton 
Centre, North Bridgton, and South Bridgton villages. Long 
Lake, which resembles some majestic river, and the Bay of 
Naples ; and the Harrison and Otisfield hills, beyond which 
the distinctive features of the landscape are lost in the 
horizon haze. Southward, we beliold Saddleback Mountain, 
in Baldwin ; Mount Cutler, in Hiram ; and Lake Sebago, 
the queen of the.so inland seas, beyond which we may dis- 
cern Portland, and catch the silver gleam of the Atlantic. 
In the west is Brownfield, where is seen at certain hours of 
the day a faint pennon of smoke following the whirl of the 
iron horse through field and forest ; and in its range old 
Ossipee, on the shores of Winnipiseogee, — that " most ex- 
quisite jewel in the necklace of New England." In the 
northwest are seen the Saco River and its lovely valley, 
Lovewell's Pond, on whose shores occurred Lovewell's 
famous Indian fight in 1725, Round and Pleasant Ponds, 
Kezar Pond and River, Jockey Cap, Oak Hill, and Frye- 
burg village, the four-toothed summit of Chocorua, and 
fitrther north the tall, isolated, cone-shaped Kearsarge, near 
North Conway, — the view bounded in that direction by 
the White Mountain range, capped by the sharp dome of 
Mount Washington. In the northeast are the pretty vil- 
lages of Waterford, near Bear and Hawk Mountains; and 
Norway and Paris Hill may be descried. Some fifty lakes 
and ponds may be distinctly seen from the summit by the 
naked eye, and the view far surpasses that offered from 
Mount Washington, being unobstructed by clouds and 
neighboring mountains, and rich in all the varied charac- 
teristics of the beautiful, the sublime, and the pictur- 
esque. 

10 



CHAPTER XIV. 

INTEKNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 

Post-offices and Mails— Public Conveyances— Early Roads — Cumber- 
land and Oxford Canal — Railroads. 

POST-OFFICES AND MAILS. 

It was not until the year 1760, the date of the forma- 
tion of Cumberland County, that a weekly mail was deliv- 
ered farther east than Portsmouth. Before that time letters 
were allowed to accumulate till there was a sufficient num- 
ber to pay the expense of sending them forward to their 
destination, which, of course, as letters came in slowly, 
often delayed their delivery for a considerable length of 
time. The only sure method of sending important news 
was by a dispatch or courier sent especially upon the errand. 
The benefit of the English mail system, which was first 
regulated in that country by act of parliament in 1660, 
was not extended to North America till 1710, when a gen- 
eral post-oflice was established in London for all the British 
dominions, under one director called a Postmaster-General, 
who had letter offices at Edinburgh, Dublin, New York, 
and other convenient places. The deputy Postmaster-Gen- 
eral for the colonies was to reside at New York. In 1774, 
by the good management of Dr. Franklin, deputy Postmas- 
ter-General, the post-office in America had been made to 
produce clear to Great Britain three thousand pounds an- 
nually. In 1680 Massachusetts appointed John Haywood 
postmaster of the whole colony, as previous to that time 
letters had been thrown on the exchange in Boston, so that 
anybody might take them, and many had thus been lost. 
In 1689, Richard Wilkins was appointed postmaster by the 
General Court " to receive all letters, and to deliver out the 
same, and to receive on each one penny." In New Hamp- 
shire a post-office was established by the colony at Ports- 
mouth in 1698. A line was extended from this point to 
Falmouth some time before the Revolution, and an office 
was kept by Thomas Child in King Street, though the 
date of its establishment or the rate of postage is not known. 
Mr, Willis says, " In an old book of Mr. Child's I find 
Arthur Savage, under date of Nov. 11, 1766, charged with 
the postage of three single letters to Boston, eight pounds, 
which is two pounds thirteen shillings four pence for each, 
and several other charges of two pounds sixteen shillings 
for a letter to Boston or from it."* 

The Provincial Congress of Massachusetts, immediately 
upon the separation from England, deemed it of importance 
to establish lines of communication throughout the colony, 
and for this purpose they established a general post-office at 
Cambridge in May, 1775, and appointed post-riders upon 
the principal routes in the province. These extended as 
far east as Georgetown, in this State. Joseph Barnard 
carried the mail on horseback between Portsmouth and 
Falmouth. There were but three post-offices established 
in Maine, one of which was at Kennebunk, kept by Na- 
thaniel Kimball, another in Falmouth, kept by Samuel 
Freeman, and the third at Georgetown, of which John 
Wood was postmaster. The rates of postage fixed at this 

s Hist. Portland, p. 192, note. 



74 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



period were, for a Jistuuco not exeeediuf; sixty miles, live 
pence one quarter ; from sixty to one hundred miles, eight 
pence ; from one to two hundred miles, ten pence two 
quarters; from two to three hundred miles, one shilling 
one penny. The first post-rider under this arrangement 
arrived at Falmouth on Saturday, June 10, 1775. He 
continued to carry the mail till October 7th of that year, 
the number of letters not exceeding four or five a week. 

The General Congress, perceiving the benefit to be de- 
rived from a uniform mail cstiibli.shment throughout the 
colonies, assumed the charge of it in <Tuly, 1775, and es- 
tablished a regular line of posts from Falmouth (now Port- 
land), in Maine, to Savannah, Georgia. Benjamin Frank- 
lin was placed at the head of the department, and the first 
mail under this system arrived in Falmouth Oct. 7, 1775. 
At this period there was but one line on the whole of this 
distance, and as late as 1790 but seventy-four post-offices in 
tlie United States. In 1783 the whole number of letters 
sent from the Portland office was fifty-seven ; after this 
time they increased rapidly, and amounted in 1785 to sev- 
eral hundred. In 17S(J the mail was for the fir.st time in 
the United States begun to be carried in coaches, — from 
Portsmouth, N. H., to Savannah, — under an act of Con- 
gress passed in September, 1785. The advantages of this 
new arrangement were not extended into Maine till 1787. 
In September, 1786, the Postmaster-General was directed 
to enter into " contracts for tlie conveyance of the mail by 
stage carriages if practicable, for one year from January 
next, from Portland to Savannah." This arrangement was 
carried into elFect by the enterprise and great exertions of 
the old post-rider, Joseph Barnard, who put upon the road 
a wagon drawn by two horses in January, 1787. This was 
the first attempt to carry passengers in the State of Maine. 
It was tliought a great enterprise, and Mr. Barnard was 
loudly applauded for his zeal and energy. The mail-wagon 
left Portsmouth in the morning, reached Kennebunk the 
first day. Broad's tavern, in Westbrook, the second day, 
and arrived at Portland on the morning of the third day.* 
It will seem incredible to the present generation that the 
immense mail establishment of the United States, with the 
innumerable and splendid advantage of mail and passenger 
transportation, could have advanced in so short a period from 
such humble beginnings. In 1832 the United States mail 
was transported in stages 16,222,743 miles ; in steamboats, 
499,301 ; on horseback and in sulkies, 0,902,977 miles. 
The numVjer of post-offices in the same year was 9205, and 
the revenue of the department $2,258,570. 

It would seem that staging began in the United States 
only six years later than in England. In 1828 the Lord 
Mayor of London said, " I remember that in 1780 the 
first stage-coach was established between London and Maid- 



* The following wus Barnard's first advertisement: '• Joseph ISai- 
nard, stage proprietor, informs the public that the Portland Mail 
Stage sets off from Mr. Motley's tavern, in this town, every Saturday 
morning, arrives on Monday at Portsmouth, whore ho meets the J!os- 
ton stage; leaves Portsmouth on Tuesday, and arrives in Portland on 
Thursday. Those Ladies and Gentlemen who choose this expeditious, 
cheap, and commodious way of stage traveling will please to lodge 
their names with Mr. Motley any time previous to the Stage's leavin" 
his house. Price for one person's passage the whole distance, 20».; 
baggage 2</. for every pound above 14. Portland. January 1!«, 17S7." 



stone, and the sluggishness of the conveyance may be 
guessed at from the fact that the coach set out at six o'clock 
in the morning and did not reach its destination (thirty- 
eight miles) till eight or nine o'clock at night, and those 
who traveled so comfortable a di.stance used to take leave 
of their friends about a week before." Now, over the 
same road, they are flying by steam with the velocity of 
forty miles an hour. 

" In 1788 a new arrangement of the mails wa.s made, by 
which it came here from Boston three times a week in 
summer and twice a week in winter, and was forwarded to 
Pownalborough once a fortnight. As late as 1801 the 
mail was four days going to Bo.ston,f and we had a mail 
from there but three times a week. 

" In December, 1793, the first attempt was made to carry 
passengers from Portland to Hallowell in a sleigh, by Caleb 
Grafifam. He left Portland on Monday morning at seven 
o'clock, reached Wiscasset the next day at one o'clock, and 
arrived at Hallowell on Wednesday noon. Mr. Gratfam 
was employed by Thomas B. Wait, publisher of the Cum- 
berland Gazette, to convey the newspaper to Hallowell, 
Wiscasset, and the intermediate places. He made the tour 
but once a week in summer and once a fortnight in winter ; 
and as the mail went but once a fortnight to Wiscasset at 
this period, he took letters from the post-office to deliver on 
the route, under the direction of the postmaster. 

" The income of the office for several years after its estab- 
lishment was of no consideration ; during the latter part of 
Mr. Freeman's term the net amount paid from it to the 
government, with the postmaster's compensation, was as 
follows, viz. : 



" 1792 To government $340.01 To Mr. Freeman $10.5.6,"). 

1795 " " 607.23 " '• 1S5.51. 

1800 " " 1000.89 " " 451.48. 

1804 " " 1167.75 " " 1044.29. 



" The amount paid to government in one year, ending 
March 31, 1830, was $4789.89, and for the year ending 
March 31, 1832, $4777. lO.;]; But the bu,siness of the 
office may be better estimated by the amount of postage on 
letters and pajjers which pass through it. For the year 
ending March 31, 1832, there were received for letters de- 
livered at the office $6920 and for newspapers and pam- 
phlets $067, making an aggregate of $7593; besides this 
the amount of postage on letters distributed and forwarded 
to other parts of the State was $37,979."§ 

The first accommodation stage that commenced running 
from this town regularly was in 1818, when it went three 
times a week to Portsmouth. There was a line during part 
of the war of 1812, when communication by water was in- 
terrujited by British cruisers in the bay ; but this w;is sus- 



f In April, 1785, the mail from Boston was delayed between four 
and live weeks, during which lime no news was received from the 
west. Mr. Smith says, "April 29 the post at last got here, hav- 
ing been hindered near five weeks." This delay was owing to the 
e.vccssive bad roads. In 1802 no papers wore received from Boston 
from February 25th to March 8th, on account of the traveling. 

\ The amount of postage paid to government in the State in the 
year ending March 31, 1830, was $31,922.83. 

^ This being a distributive olfice, all the letters for the State pass 
throush it. 



INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 



75 



pended when peace took place for want of encouragement. 
In 1832 the number of stages that were employed on differ- 
ent routes from this town was twelve, of which five arrived 
and departed every day, and the remainder three times a 
week ; seven carried mails, the others were accommodation 
stages. 

The usual mode of traveling, even for some years after 
the Revolution, was on horseback, the roads being too bad, 
except in winter, to admit of comfortable passing in any 
other manner. The judges and lawyers rode their circuits, 
and the physicians and ministers made their visits on horse- 
back. Chaises came into use here about 1760, for riding 
about the town and neighborhood ; they were not, however, 
in general use, nor 'were they generally used by those who 
owned them, but kept, like the Sunday dress, to be worn 
only on gala days. The Rev. Mr. Smith purchased one in 
1765, and Dr. Deane in 1706, and yet the latter mentions in 
January, 1770, that he " rode to Joshua Freeman's and 
carried his wife behind him."* Dr. Deane has recorded as 
a notable fact in 1769 that '• at the funeral of Savage's 
child there were sixteen chaises in the procession. "f This 
was probably the whole or nearly the whole number owned 
in town. It was not until about thirty years after the 
Revolution that a private four-wheeled carriage was kept 
by any person in town. Public hacks, which are now 
numerous, did not come into common use until about 
1S18.+ 

EARLY ROADS. 

As the population and business increased, it became 
necessary to increase the facilities of traveling. A water 
communication had always been kept up with neighboring 
towns, and also with those more remote : the coasting trade 
between Falmouth and the towns in Massachusetts was 
successfully carried on, and fish and lumber, as well as agri- 
cultural products, at that early period found a market there, 
for which returns were made in Englisli goods and groceries. 
It is believed that two sloops commanded by Capts. English 
and Phillips plied regularly between this bay and Boston. 

Tlie communications were not, however, as they had for- 
merly been, wholly confined to the water ; a road several years 
previous to the time of which we are speaking had been laid 
out from the ferry-way in Cape Elizabeth, near where it 
is now established, which passed round Purpooduck Point 
by the water and joined the present road near Simontou's 
Cove ; then passing on by the light-house and the head of 
Pond Cove as the road is now traveled, it bent westerly and 
crossed the cape directly to Spurwink River, which trav- 
elers crossed by a ferry, about a mile from its mouth. It 
then kept by the shore the whole distance to Piscataqua, 
crossing the several rivers by ferries near their mouths. 
This road passed through all the settlements, as they then 
clustered upon the coast, but was circuitous and long. It 

* These two chaises may be supposed to be among the earliest; Mr. 
Deane's cost him £180. Joshua Freeman lived at Back Cove, on 
the farm directly opposite the almshouse. 

t Arthur Savage, the comptroller, who lived where Moorehca<l 
afterwards kept tavern in Middle Street. 

X In 1820 the number of chaises owned in town were ninety, and 
four-wheeled carriages ten. In 1830. chaises one hundred and one, 
carriages si.\teen. 



was soon found expedient to strike out shorter paths at the 
expense of going greater distances through the woods. 

In 1686 the Court of Sessions at York granted a ferry 
at Nonesuch Point to Silvanus Davis, " for passage of man 
and horse over Casco River for the benefit of travelers." 
This point was on the south side of Long Creek and be- 
tween that and Nonesuch Creek ; the landing on this side 
must have been a little above Vaughan's bridge. A road 
was laid out from Scarborough to the ferry, which shortened 
the distance between the Neck and that place several miles. 

In addition to this route, there was a road to Stroudwater 
and Capisic which passed along on the bank of the river to 
Round Marsh, and thence probably as the road is now trav- 
eled to those places. Another road or path was laid out 
by the settlements on Back Cove to the Presumpscot, cro.ss- 
ing Ware Creek at the foot of the hill, near the almshouse. 
As carriages were not then in use here, these roads may 
properly be considered merely foot-paths througli the woods, 
which then covered the whole territory and overshadowed 
the settlements. 

In April, 1688, Richard Clements, a .surveyor, was re- 
quired by the government of Massachusetts to make a sur- 
vey of land from Kennebec, " so as to head the several 
rivers of Casco Bay, and see where they may be best passed 
in order for settling a county road as far westward as Cap- 
isic, or any other remarkable place thereabouts toward Saco, 
and also observe what places were proper for cross-roads to 
each town or settlement." A like warrant was given by 
Nicholas Manning, chief magistrate of the Duke of York's 
province, for a survey from Pemaquid and New Dartmouth 
to the Kennebec. 

CUMBERLAND AND OXFORD CANAL. 

As early as 1791 a committee was chosen by several 
towns in this county to ascertain the practicability of open- 
ing a canal from Sebago Pond to the Presumpscot River. 
A report was made in September of that year very favor- 
able to the design, in which it is said that lumber, produce, 
etc., might be brought, if the canal should be opened a dis- 
tance of sixty or seventy miles to the falls at Saccarappa. 
The plan was prosecuted with considerable zeal by ^Vood- 
bury Storer and some others, who, in 1785, obtained an act 
of incorporation, under the name of the Cumberland Canal, 
to open a canal from the Sebago to the Presumpscot River, 
at Saccarappa. Another company was incorporated at the 
same time, by the name of the Proprietors of the Falmouth 
Canal, for the purpose of uniting the waters of the Pre- 
sumpscot River above Saccarappa with those of Fore River. 
The leading persons in these projects were Woodbury 
Storer, Joseph Noyes, Nathaniel Deering, and Joseph 
Jewett. 

But the limited capital of our people was not equal to 
their enterprising spirit, and subscriptions to the stock could 
not be obtained within the ten years fixed by the charter for 
the completion of the undertaking. As the time of its ex- 
piration drew near, an extension of five years was obtained, 
which also passed away without witnessing even a com- 
mencement of the work. The undertaking was evidently 
more expensive than was contemplated by its projectors, and 
much bi'vond the means and resources of tlie country at 



7fi 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



that period. Wo may judge of the under-estimate of the 
proprietors, by the fact that the amount of property they 
were allowed by the first charter to hold was only twenty thou- 
sand dollars, which in 1804 was enlarged to one hundred 
and twenty thousand dollars. Mr. Storer, whose heart was 
bent on carrying tliis improvement into execution, though 
frustrated in his first attempts, did not permit the subject 
to pass from his mind. During the period of commercial 
restrictions and war, all projects of improvement were of 
course suspended, but immediately after the separation of 
the State, when new life was sent into all the channels of in- 
dustry and enterprise, the project was again revived, and in 
1821 a charter was procured to construct a canal from 
Waterford, in the county of Oxford, to the navigable waters 
of Fore River, under the name of the Cumberland and Ox- 
ford Canal. The incorporators were Arthur McLellan, 
Alvin K. Parris, Charles Whitman, Asa Clapp, Samuel 
Andrews, Leander Gage, Daniel Brown, Nathaniel Howe, 
Enoch Perley, Josiah Whitman, and Ira Crocker, with their 
associates and successors. 

To aid tlie projectors in this more extensive scheme, a 
lottery was granted to them in 1823, by which they were 
authorized to raise the sum of fifty thousand dollars, to en- 
able them to accomplish the laudable undertaking.* In 
1825, as a further measure to promote the design, the en- 
terprising projectors procured the Canal Bank to be incor- 
porated with a capital of three hundred thousand dollars, of 
wliich it was one of the conditions that a quarter part of its 
capital should be invested in the stock of the Cumberland 
and Oxford Canal. 

Under these advantages, and by the aid of individual 
subscriptions, the work was commenced in 1828. In 1823 
the engineer had estimated the whole expense of the work 
from Sebago Lake to Fore River, at Stroudwater, at one 
hundred and thirty-seven thousand three hundred and forty- 
three dollars ; it was eventually extended to the harbor, and 
completed in 1830, at an expense of two hundred and six 
thousand dollars. 

The canal was mortgaged to the Canal Bank, of Portland, 
for thirty thousand dollars, July 1, 1829; again, for thirty 
thousand dollars, Aug. 28, 1829, and Oct. G, 1830, ibr 
thirteen thousand five hundred dollars. These mortgages 
and notes secured thereby were a.ssigned by the Canal Bank 
to Isaac Dyer, tru.stee, for himself and F. 0. J. Smith, Jan. 
lU, 1862. On the 14th of September, 1874, the heirs of 
Isaac Dyer conveyed their interest to Charles P. Mattocks, 
Esq., of Portland, and on the 23d of November, 1877, the 
executors of the late F. O. J. Smith conveyed their interest 
to Mr. Mattocks, who still holds these interests, together 
with nearly all the stock, which was acquired through the 
same chain of title. 

The canal was an important internal improvement, and 
continued to be of great service to this section of the coun- 
try till the era of building railroads, when, like most other 
canals, it began to decline. It is still operated from Har- 
rison to Goff & Plummer's mills, in Gorham. 

There was a project started some years ago, during the 
latter years of Mr. Smith's life, to convert the canal, from 



• Sco act granting lotlory, laws of 1823, cli:i|). 21il. 



Lake Sebago to the salt water in Portland harbor, into 
a grand fish-breeding establishment, and the matter was 
brought before the Legislature, and referred to the Com- 
mittee on Fisheries, but no report, we believe, was ever 
made. The plan, we understand, still stands open for any 
parties who may wish to engage in the enterprise. 

RAILROADS. 

The movement in favor of railroads began in Massachu- 
setts as early as 1828, by a report to the Legislature setting 
forth the advantages of that mode of transportation. In their 
actual construction the Boston and Lowell Company took the 
lead, obtaining their charter in 1830. This was followed the 
next year by the Boston and Providence and Boston and 
Worcester Companies, both of which were incorporated in 
1831. These three roads were opened in 1835, and so 
much exceeded public expectation in their practical working 
as to give an impetus to railroad-building. The Boston and 
Maine Railroad was incorporated in 1833. For a while 
they used fifteen miles of the Lowell road to Wilmington, 
and gradually extended their line until it reached South 
Berwick, in Maine, where it joined the Portland, Ports- 
mouth and Saco road, which was incorporated in 1837, and 
opened to Portland in December, 1842. 

While these grand enterprises awakened a spirit of emu- 
lation in Maine, the direction given to public sentiment 
was in opposition to placing additional facilities for trade in 
the hands of Boston, which was already seen to be dam- 
aging to the interests of Portland, but to open easy and 
cheap communication with the interior and with Canada. 
Hence, as early as February, 1835, a resolution passed the 
State Legislature, requesting the Senators and Representa- 
tives in Congress to use their influence with the general 
government to procure the aid of a corps of engineers for 
the purpose of surveying a track for a railroad from Port- 
land or some other point on the seaboard, by navigable 
waters in this State, to some point on the border of Lower 
Canada. In pursuance of this resolution the United States 
government appointed Col. Long, an eminent engineer of 
the United States, to make the survey suggested. At the 
same session the Governor was requested to appoint two in- 
dividuals to visit Quebec and Canada, to procure the co-op- 
eration of that province in the great enterprise. Col. Long 
immediately proceeded in his work, and before the next 
winter completed it, making a careful examination of various 
routes, to determine which was most feasible. The result 
of his survey was in favor of a line from Belfast, on Penob- 
scot Bay, to Quebec, as the shortest and most practicable 
route from the seaboard. The Legislature, in March, 1836, 

" HiKo'rcd, Tliat the thiinks of the Legislature of Maine be tendered 
to Col. Stephen H. Long, for his elaborate and .^ioiontifie report of a 
reconnoissanceof the several routes from the Atlantio to the Canadian 
frontier, with a view of ascertaining the most expedient route for a 
railroad from the seaboard of Maine to the city of Quebec." 

This elaborate and scientific report " was all that ever 
came of the enterprise." The financial depression which 
followed in 1837 put an end to all further movements for a 
railroad till 1839, in which year the subject wiis revived, 
with the general industries of the country, and the Legis- 
lature was induced to make an appropriation of four thou- 



INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 



77 



sand dollars for the survey of a route from Portland to Lake 
Chaniplain, the city to pay one-fifth part of the expense. The 
survey was made in the summer of 1839, by William L. 
Dearborn, civil engineer, and was found to po.ssess great ad- 
vantages and facilities for a track, and the prospect of open- 
ing a new and large trade with Vermont and the lake 
country. But this enterprise also failed for the want of 
perseverance and capital. 

GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY. 

The Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railroad Company (the 
predecessor of the Grand Trunk Railway) was incorporated 
by the State Feb. 10, 1845, in pursuance of a plan which 
had been entered into the preceding year with the govern- 
ment and people of Canada, by commissioners sent from 
Portland, consisting of Judge Preble, Josiah S. Little, and 
John A. Poor. These gentlemen were indefatigable in the 
work of their mission, and by their good judgment and ex- 
traordinary exertions succeeded in securing the co-operation 
of the Canadian government and people in the gigantic 
enterprise of connecting by iron bands the Atlantic Ocean 
with the St. Lawrence and the great lakes. The confer- 
ence led, in both countries, to procuring acts of incorpora- 
tion from their respective legislatures for a railioad pro- 
ceeding from the seaboard at Portland to the St. Lawrence 
at Montreal, forming a junction at the boundary line be- 
tween the two countries near the source of the Connecticut 
River. 

Measures were immediately taken to arouse the public 
mind to the importance of the work. Meetings were held 
in various towns on the route ; statistics were collected and 
spread before the people, and before the close of the year 
more than one million of dollars were subscribed, of which 
over three-quarters was obtained in Portland alone, for the 
accomplishment of one of the grandest enterprises of the 
day. The company was organized Sept. 25, 18-15, and the 
thirteen directors then chosen, at the head of whom was 
placed the Hon. Wm. P. Preble, went immediately and 
earnestly at work to carry the objects of the charter and 
the wishes of the stockholders into operation. On the 4th 
of July the construction of the road was commenced. As 
Judge Preble, the president of the corporation, threw out 
the first shovelful of earth at Fish Point, the entrance to 
Portland Harbor, the air was filled with shouts of congratu- 
lation from an immense assemblage of persons present on 
the interesting occasion. The people and the city of Port- 
land entered enthusiastically into the grand improvement, 
and pledged their labors and fortunes for its completion. 
The work was pushed steadily on, and the first twelve miles 
— the most difficult and expensive of the whole route — 
was opened to North Yarmouth in July, 1848, and in the 
autumn to Mechanic Falls, thirty-seven miles. Here Judge 
Preble'.s connection with the company as pre.sident ceased, 
and Josiah S. Little became his sucee.ssor. A contract was 
entered into at this time on both sides of the line for the 
completion of the whole distance in three years. In addition 
to the million subscribed, the city of Portland came forward 
in 1848 and procured an act to enable them to advance the 
credit of the city, in its corporate capacity, to accomplish 
this grand enterprise, and the city pledged its credit, in 



pursuance of the act, to the extent of a million doUare for 
the completion of the work. 

The work was earnestly and steadily pressed forward, and 
the friends of the undertaking had the crowning satisfac- 
tion of seeing the ocean and the river united by iron bands 
of friendly inter-communication over a space of two iiun- 
dred and ninety-seven miles, early in 1853. The line has 
since been extended to Sarnia, on Lake Huron, a distance of 
seven hundred and ninety-four miles, and to Detroit, eight 
hundred and sixty-one miles from Portland, on one uniform 
gauge of five and a half feet under the control and mana"-c- 
ment of one company, with branches from Richmond to Que- 
bec, ninety-six miles, and from Quebec to Riviere du Loup, 
one hundred and twenty-five miles. This truly magnificent 
line is well named "The Grand Trunk Railway." 
The distance from Montreal to Boston by the Vermont and 
New Hampshire routes is three hundred and eighty-seven 
miles, giving Portland the benefit of ninety miles in the 
line of distance, which is no inconsiderable item when the 
time of transportation and the expense of construction and 
repair are taken into consideration. Add to this the ad- 
vantages of the best harbor in the United States — as Port- 
land Harbor certainly is — and the facilities which the Grand 
Trunk Company have furnished for the handling and ship- 
ping of freight at their own docks and warehouses, nearer 
to Liverpool and the European markets than any other 
important seaport in the United States. The company own 
seventy-five acres of harbor- frontage in Portland, on the 
deep water of the harbor, where vessels of the largest size 
ever built may come and receive their cargoes at any season 
of the year without obstruction and with perfect safety. 
Here they own extensive wharves and warehouses, and an 
elevator of large dimension.s, into which grain is unloaded 
directly from the cars, and from which it is shipped aboard 
of ves.sels and large freight steamers which carry it to foreign 
ports. In " Allen's Official Railway G uide," for August, 
1878, we find the following notice of the advantages of 
Portland Harbor for shipping purposes : 

" The city of Portland has a magnificent harbor, and her 
railway facilities have been so arranged as to afl!brd the very 
best opportunity for the transaction of commercial business. 
The entire wharfage front of the city is traversed by a rail- 
way, with branch lines passing down each principal dock, so 
that freight may be landed from the vessels directly upon 
the cars, or vice versa. This arrangement is the one for 
which far-seeing business men in New York and Philadel- 
phia have so long uniivailingly contended as necessary for 
the successful development of those places, and wliile they 
have been contending about the matter Portland has quietly 
completed the improvement. Its commerce, large as it is, 
is not a tithe of what the admirable arrangements in this 
and other respects make it capable of handling, and if 
equally good judgments continue to be displayed in the 
management of its aflairs in the i'uture a large increase must 
naturally follow." 

The Grand Trunk Railway throughout its whole length 
from Portland to Detroit is furnished with steel rails and 
iron bridges, making it a first-class road in every respect. 
Negotiations have recently been entered into for extending 
the road on a track of its own from Detroit to the cities of 



78 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Chicago and Toledo, and in all probability before this goes 
to press the object will have been consummated. The com- 
jiany have just sold and transferred the eastern end of the 
road, IVoni Quebec to Riviere du Loup, to the agents of the 
Dominion, to become part of the Inter-Colonial Railway 
System, and it is proposed by the company to use the pro- 
ceeds for the extension of the road west, and thus secure 
an independent competing line to the large grain-shipping 
cities. This will free them from the monopoly of Vander- 
bilt, who controls the Michigan Central, and be a general 
advantage to the public, both east and west. 

The Grand Trunk Railway has branches in Canada to 
Ottawa, the capital of the Dominion, and in the direction 
of the Canada Pacific, one branch to Midland, one to Col- 
lingwood, on the Georgian Bay, one to Goderich on Lake 
Huron, and one to the city of Buffalo, on Lake Erie. In 
the province of Quebec it has a branch to Three Rivers. 
In the State of Maine it owns a branch from Lewistoa 
Junction to the cities of Lewiston and Auburn, and at 
Mechanic Falls it receives the road of the Buckfield and 
Rumford Falls Company, extending to the Androscoggin 
River in the town of Canton. 

MAINE CENTRAL RAILROAD. 

The system of railroads operated by the Maine Central 
Railroad Company includes those originally chartered under 
the following names: the Androscoggin and Kennebec, the 
Kennebec and Portland, the Somerset and Kennebec, and 
the Androscoggin. The road from Brunswick to Lewiston 
and Leeds Junction is leased to the Maine Central, as are 
also the Belfast and Moosehead Lake and the Dexter and 
Newport roads. The whole length of road owned or con- 
trolled by this company in the State of Maine is three hun- 
dred and fifty-five miles. 

The Androscoggin and Kennebec Railroad Company was 
chartered March 28, 1847, and before the 1st of January, 
1850, it had constructed a railroad from Waterville to Dan- 
ville, where it connected with the Atlantic and St. Lawrence 
Railroad, now the Grand Trunk Railway. 

The Penobscot and Kennebec Railroad Company was 
chartered April 5, 1845, and constructed a railroad from 
Bangor to Waterville, there connecting with the Andro- 
scoggin and Kennebec Railroad. 

A law was pa.ssed in 1856 authorizing the Androscoggin 
and Kennebec and the Penobscot and Kennebec to consoli- 
date into one company under a new name. The ninth sec- 
tion of this act was not acceptable to these companies, and 
they did not then consolidate under it. But in 18G2 the 
ninth section was repealed, and the two companies consoli- 
dated on the 9th of September, 18G2, and the new corpora- 
tion was organized October 28, 1862, under the name of 
the Maine Central Railroad Company. 

The Kennebec and Portland Railroad Company was 
chartered April 1, 1886, and constructed at first a railroad 
from Augusta to Yarmouth, connecting with the Atlantic 
and St. Lawrence Railroad, and also a branch from Bruns- 
wick to Bath. It afterwards extended its railroad from 
Yarmouth to Portland. 

Under Chapter 220 of the General Laws of 1852, au- 
thorizing railroad companies to issue bonds and secure them 



by mortgage of their railroad, the Kennebec and Portland 
Company, on the 15th of October, 1852, mortgaged their 
railroad to secure an issue of two hundred and fifty thou- 
sand dollars in bonds. In 1857 a law was enacted pro- 
viding for the manner of foreclosing railroad mortgages 
and the formation of a new corporation by the mortgagees, 
upon the perfection of the foreclosure. In 1859, there 
being a breach of the condition of the above-named mort- 
gage, proceedings were commenced to foreclose it, and the 
title became absolute in the mortgagees on the 18th of 
May, 1862. A new corporation was thereupon organized 
by the mortgagees, under the name of the Portland and 
Kennebec Railroad Company. The old company com- 
menced a suit in equity to test the legality of the fore- 
closure, and the court sustained the foreclosure in every 
respect.* 

The Portland and Kennebec Railroad Company was 
organized May 20, 1862. This new company was author- 
ized by special act, Jan. 27, 1864, to change its location 
near Portland for the better accommodation of its business, 
and it did so. 

The Somerset and Kennebec Railroad Company was 
chartered Aug. 10, 1848, and constructed a railroad from 
Skowhegan to Augusta, there connecting with the Kenne- 
bec and Portland Railroad. It crossed the Maine Central 
Railroad at Fairfield at first, but afterwards connected witli 
the Maine Central at Waterville, as well as cros.sed it. On 
the 1st day of January, 1864, the Somerset and Kennebec 
Railroad was leased to the Portland and Kennebec Railroad 
Company under the tenth section of Chapter 651, Laws 
of 1856. On the 1st day of June, 1870, this lease was 
extended for the term of nine hundred and ninety-nine 
years. On the 20th of May, 1870, the Portland and Ken- 
nebec Railroad Company lea.«ed their railroad and assigned 
their lease of the Somerset and Kennebec Railroad to the 
Maine Central Railroad Company for the term of nine hun- 
dred and ninety-nine years, under the provisions of the said 
section ten. 

The Androscoggin Railroad was constructed from Farin- 
ington to Leeds Junction, where it connected with the 
Maine Central Railroad. Under the general law, Chapter 
220, Laws of 1852, it issued its bonds and secured them 
by a mortgage of its railroad from Farmington to Leeds 
Junction. After the making of this mortgage the company 
was authorized to extend its railroad across the Maine Cen- 
tral to Brunswick, and connect there with the Portland and 
Kennebec Railroad. It was provided that the new section 
of the railroad should not be subject to the mortgage of the 
old portion. The railroad was subsequently extended to 
Brunswick. In consequence of a breach of the mortgage 
above referred to, it was foreclosed, and the old portion of 
the railroad became the absolute property of the mortgagees 
May 11, 1865. They formed a new corporation under the 
name of the Leeds and Farmington Railroad Company, 
which at once took possession of their railroad from Farm- 
ington to Leeds Junction, and their title has never been 
questioned; so that now the Androscoggin Railroad extends 
from Leeds Junction to Brunswick, with a branch to Lewis- 

* 59 AIniuc Kcijoits, page «. 



INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 



Y9 



ton, aud that portion formerly known by the name between 
Leeds Junction and Fannington is now known by the name 
of the Leeds and Farmingtou Railroad. 

On the first of June, 1867, the Leeds and Farmington 
Railroad Company leased their railroad to the Androscog- 
gin Railroad Company for a term of years. On the 29th 
of June, 1871, the Androscoggin Railroad Company leased 
its railroad to the Maine Central Railroad Company for the 
term of nine hundred and ninety-nine years, and in the same 
contract assigned to the said Maine Central Railroad Com- 
pany its lease of the Leeds and Farmington Railroad. On 
the same day the Leeds and Farmington Railroad Com- 
pany confirmed the assignment of their lease, and extended 
it to the Maine Central Railroad Company for the term of 
nine hundred and ninety-nine years. 

Thus on the first day of April, 1872, the Maine Central 
Railroad Company was po.ssessed of a lease of the Portland 
and Kennebec Railroad, the Somerset and Kennebec Rail- 
road, the Androscoggin Railroad, and the Leeds and Farm- 
ington Railroad for the term of nine hundred and ninety- 
nine years. By an act of February 7, 1872, these corpo- 
rations were authorized to unite with the Maine Central 
Railroad Company in a mortgage to secure bonds to be 
issued by the Maine Central Railroad Company. This 
mortgage was executed by the several corporations named 
April 1, 1872, and the bonds of the Maine Central Rail- 
road Company secured by it are issued. 

In May, 1871, the Maine Central Railroad Company 
became the lessee of the Belfast and Moosehead Lake Rail- 
road for a term of fifty years ; and Nov. 25, 1868, the Maine 
Central Railroad Company procured a lease of the Newport 
and Dexter Railroad for a term of thirty years. 

This extensive railroad system, now consolidated under 
one management, of one uniform gauge, touches tide-water 
at four of the most important points in the State, viz., Port- 
land, Bath, Belfast, and Bangor. Its main branch, start- 
ing from Portland, runs up the Kennebec River via Bruns- 
wick aud Augusta to Waterville, whence it continues east 
to Bangor, with a branch running north from AVaterville to 
Skowhegan. At Waterville it is intersected by the other 
main branch from Portland via Cumberland Junction, Lew- 
iston. Auburn, Leeds, and Belgrade, with a branch north to 
Farmington. The connections of the Maine Central Rail- 
road are as follows : 

At Portland with Eastern Railroad from and to New 
York, Boston, Lynn, Salem, Beverly, Newburyport, Ports- 
mouth, Dover, Great Falls, Biddeford, Saco, etc. 

At Transfer Station with Boston and Maine Railroad 
from aud to New York, Boston, Lawrence, Lowell, Exeter, 
Great Palls, Dover, Biddeford, and Saco. 

With Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad from and to 
Sebago Lake, Fryeburg, North Conway and White Moun- 
tains, St. Johnsbury and Johnson, Vt., and the West. 

At Westbrook with Portland and Rochester Railroad 
from and to New Y'ork, Worcester, Nashua, Rochester, etc. 

At Yarmouth and Danville Junctions with Grand Trunk 
Railway from and to South Paris, Gorham, N. II., Island 
Pond, and Montreal. 

At Bath with steamer for Boothbay (except in winter, 
when it runs from Wiscasset), and with Knox and Lincoln 



Railroad from and to Wiscasset, Newcastle, Damariseolta, 
Waldoboro, Warren, Thomaston, and Rockland. 

At West Waterville with Somerset Railroad from and 
to North Anson and Norridgewock. 

At Bangor with Consolidated European ' and North 
American Railway from and to Oldtown, Bangor and Pis- 
cataquis Railroad, Bucksport, Mattawamkeag, Houlton, 
Woodstock, Fort Fairfield, Caribou, St. Stephen, St. An- 
drews, Fredericton, St. John, Halifax, etc. 

Change cars at Burnhara for Belfast branch, and at New- 
port for Dexter branch. 

Tourists passing over the Maine Central Railway can 
make a pleasant detour by leaving the main line of the 
road at Brunswick and taking the branch for Bath. From 
Bath numerous little steamers ply to various seaside and 
inland resorts in the vicinity, — Boothbay, Squirrel, and 
Mouse Island being among the most frequented. These 
steamer routes afford some of the best views that can be 
obtained anywhere of the combination of rugged hillside 
and ocean scenery by which the coast of Maine is especially 
distinguished. At Bath connection is also made with the 
Knox and Lincoln Railroad, and through passengers for 
Rockland and intermediate points are transferred across 
the Kennebec River on the ferry steamer without change 
of cars. The route of the Knox and Lincoln Railroad is 
very nearly at right angles to the line of the numerous 
water-courses over which it passes, and the cost of the con- 
struction of the road was necessarily heavy. At one point 
there is for several miles an almost unbroken succession, 
one after the other, of rock cuts, trestle-works, drawbridges, 
and high embankments. The successful maintenance and 
opei'atiou of a road of this character necessarily requires 
considerable skill. The prettily-situated little New England 
towns of Wiscasset, Damariscotta, and Thomaston are lo- 
cated on the line. Rockland, the terminus of the road, is 
on the western shore of Penobscot Bay. There are several 
pleasant drives in the vicinity, and from the high hills north 
of the town there is a fine view of the bay and surrounding 
country. Rockland is the nearest point upon a railway line 
from which connection can be made by steamboat to Mount 
Desert. At present the steamboat makes tri-wcekly trips 
only, but it is the intention of the Knox and Lincoln Rail- 
road Company to ultimately arrange for regular daily trips, 
and to so perfect their through rail connections as to make 
the route over their road the most comfortable and conve- 
nient one for all summer visitors to the favorite resorts upon 
the island of Mount Desert. 

From Bangor north, the European and North American 
Railway follows the course of the Penobscot River for a con- 
siderable distance, and then strikes east, crossing the St. 
Croix River, the boundary line between Maine and New 
Brunswick, at Vanceboro. A night train in each direction 
has recently been placed upon this road from Bangor to St. 
John and return, fully equipped with Pullman palace sleep- 
ing-cars, and is rapidly growing in favor with the traveling 
public. A handsome parlor-car is also run on the day trains. 
This road is the only all-rail route to the many attractive 
points in the provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, 
and to numerous points in Northern Maine, where trout 
fishing may be enjoyed to perfection. 



80 



HISTORY OF CTTMBKIILAND COUNTF, MAINE. 



PORTLAND AND OODENSUL'RG KAlLllOAl). 

Tliis road was chartered in 18G7, and opened from Port- 
land to Sebas^o Lake, a distance ofsoventoon miles, in 1870. 
The wliole length of the road from Portland to Johnson, at 
the foot of Lake Champlain, is one hundred and ninety-three 
miles, which was opened for through travel in 1875. Sam- 
uel J. Andor.son, Esq., has been president of the corpora- 
tion since its organization, and Jonas Hamilton, Esq., super- 
intendent. 

This line of railroad extends from Portland via Sebago 
Lake and the valley of the Saco River through the 
Notch of the White Mountains, thence via St. Johns- 
bury, Vt., through the Lamoille and Missisquoi Valleys, 
to the foot of Lake Champlain ; the object being to ob- 
tain a shorter route than any now existing to Ogdensburg, 
and thence to the Great West. It also opens up a large 
trade with the interior, and one of the most interesting 
sections of New England for tourists and pleasure-seekers. 

It is difficult to adequately describe the scenery on the 
line of the Portland and Ogden.sburg Railroad in passing 
through the White Mountains, more especially at the famous 
" Notch." It was many times confidently asserted that the 
construction of a railroad through the Notch was an impos- 
sibility. In spite of all predictions the road has been built, 
and exceedingly well built. Its track is in splendid condi- 
tion, and the rolling-stock in fine order. The ride through 
the mountains on one of the observation cars which are run 
by the company is simply delightful. The sides of these 
cars are entirely open, although provided with canvas cur- 
tains in case of necessity, and from the comfortable cane- 
seat revolving chairs with which they are furnished the 
numerous beautiful views of the towering peaks and moun- 
tain gorges can be enjoyed to perfection. At the " Gate of 
the Notch" there is barely room for the railroad on one, and 
the narrow wagon-road on the other, side of the little stream 
which here forms the headwatcra of the Saco River. To 
those whose first ideas of history were derived in early 
youth from the famous narrations of Peter Parley the sight 
of the " Willey House," the .sad fate of the inmates of 
which he so graphically describes, is almost as much of a 
treat by association, as a relic of remote antiquity, as a visit 
to the Acropolis at Athens would be. With enterprising 
forethought the management of the road have had the 
woods cleared away from the line of the road to the valley 
beneath, so that a clear and perfect view of the house may 
be obtained. Sebago Lake, on the line of this road, is a 
pretty little sheet of water, with a tiny steamer traversing 
its length, reaching the station, which derives its name from 
the lake, in time to connect with the afternoon train for 
Portland. 

Coming over the line of this road from the West, con- 
nection is made for Boston by the excellent roads of the 
Eastern Railroad Company from North Conway, and of 
the Boston and Maine Railroad Company from Boston 
and Maine Junction, at the outskirts of Portland. Connec- 
tion may also be made for Boston by the steamers of the 
International and other companies, and to the north by the 
Maine Central and Grand Trunk roads, all the various 
lines ofTering special inducements for tourists and business 
travel. 



THE PORTLAND, SACO AND PORTSMOUTH RAILROAD 

extends from Portland to Portsmouth, N. H., fifty-two 
miles. It is the oldest road in the State, having been char- 
tered March 14, 18.S7, and opened to Portland in Decem- 
ber, 1842. It is now leased to the Eastern Railroad Com- 
pany for the term of nine hundred and ninety-nine years 
from the 21st day of January, 1871. 

PORTLAND AND ROCHESTER RAILHOAD COMPANY. 

The Portland and Rochester Railroad Company was 
chartered July 30, 1846, under the name of the "York 
and Cumberland Railroad Company," with authority to 
locate and construct a railroad from some point in the city 
of Portland, Cumberland Co., to the villages of Saccarappa, 
in the town of Westbrook, and of Gorham ; thence into the 
county of York, through the towns of Buxton, Hollis, and 
Waterborough to Alfred village ; thence through the towns 
of Sanford, North Berwick, and Berwick, to some point in 
South Berwick or Berwick, where it will best connect with 
a railroad leading to Boston. The corporators were Wil- 
liam C. Allen, Benj. J. Ilerrick, James Thomas, N. D. 
AppletoD, Joseph Emerson, Israel Chadbourue, Nathan 
Dave, J. T. Paine, John Storer, John Powers, Rufus Mcln- 
tyre, Nathan Clifford, John Jameson, Moses McDonald, 
Moses Dunn, Mills W. Stewart, Nath. J. Miller, Ellis B. 
Usher, Daniel Appleton, Isaac Deering, James Leavitt, 
Jere. Roberts, Jr., James Irish, Toppan Robie, Josiah 
Pierce, Dominions Jordan, Daniel C. Emery, Brice M. 
Edwards, Dan. Carpenter, Noah Nason, David Noyes, 
William G. Chadbourne, William Swan, Alvah Conant, 
Luther Dana, George F. Shepley, and Thomas Hammond. 
Opened from Portland to Saco River, eighteen miles, in 
February, 1853. 

Oct. 4, 1865, the Portland and Rochester Railroad Com- 
pany was organized, and succeeded to all the property of 
the York and Cumberland Railroad. 

Feb. 19, 1866, the Legislature authorized the Portland 
and Rochester Railroad Company to change its location 
between the towns of Sanford and Berwick, so as to make 
a new location from some point in Sanford to the town of 
Rochester, N. H. ; and in accordance with this authority a 
new location was made, and the road was completed to 
Rochester in July, 1871. 

The indebtedness of the road, Sept. 30, 1878, was as 
follows : 

Capital stock $636,011.06 

Bonds, 1st mortgage, six per cent $700,000.00 

" 2d " seven percent 3.50,000.110 

" 3d " " " 450,000.00 

1,500,000.00 

$2,130,011.06 

In February, 1877, the company having defaulted pay- 
ment of the interest on its bonds, the property was placed 
in the hands of a receiver. 

The line of road as completed extends from Portland, 
Me., to Rochester, N. II., fifty-two and one-half miles, and 
there connects with the Nashua and Rochester and Wor- 
cester and Nashua Railroads, making the shortest and most 
direct through route from Maine to New York and the 
West. 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



81 



Starting from the Grand Trunk Railway station in Port- 
land it connects at Morrill's Corners witli the Maine Cen- 
tral Railroad ; at Cumberland Mills, in Westbrook, it con- 
nects with the Portland and Ondensburg Railroad ; at 
Rochester it connects with the Nashua and Rochester Rail- 
road and with the Boston and Maine Cocheeco branch, and 
with the Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroad. 

The track and bridges were materially improved in 1877. 
Three hundred lineal feet of tre.stle-bridge at Shaker Pond, 
Alfred, were filled with solid earth material, requiring some 
eight thousand cubic yards. The open stringer bridge near 
Hollis Centre station, over what is called " Cook's Brook," 
was replaced with a stone arch culvert. The number of tons 
of iron and railroad ties put into the track in 1877 equaled 
the amount put in the two previous years. 

A new station has been built in Portland, at the foot of 
Preble Street, for the accommodation of local passenger 
travel, and at the foot of Hanover Street a new car-house 
and carpenter-shop, ninety-six feet long by thirty-six feet 
wide, has been built, affording much-needed facilities for 
repairing cars. The station at Gorham has been extensively 
repaired and remodeled inside, giving much-improved pas- 
senger accommodations. By consent of President Ander- 
son, of the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, the station 
building at Cumberland Mills, owned by that company, has 
been moved to the junction of the tracks, and the south 
end finished into a waiting-room for passengers, the north 
end being used for fi-eight purposes. Hereafter the station 
will be occupied jointly by the two roads. 

The cost of the foregoing improvements has all been 
paid, and charged to operating expense account. 

Terminal Facilities. — The old depot at the foot of Myrtle 
Street, so long occupied by this company, had been for some 
years falling into decay, and at last became untenantable. 
The alternative was presented to either erect on Back Cove 
new station buildings for accommodation of the freight and 
passenger traffic, or to enter into arrangements with some 
other road to furni.sh the required accommodations. A eon- 
tract with the Grand Trunk to furnish all the accommoda- 
tions required in the management of the passenger and 
freight traffic, including wharf and street facilities, has been 
made, thus affording the patrons of the road increased facili- 
ties for doing business. The new arrangement went into 
effect April 8, 1878. Since that time trains have run to 
and from the Grand Trunk station, and the passenger and 
freight traffic have been marked with great regularity. 



CHAPTER XV. 

CUMBBBLAND BENCH AND BAK. 

Early Lawyers and Judges — Bench and Bar from 1725 to 1783 — 
Anecdotes Illustrative of the Pre-Revolutionary Courts. 

Noah Emery, of Kittery, was for many years the only 
lawyer iu Maine. He commenced practice about the year 
1725, and, although not regularly bred to the profession, 
was a talented and successful practitioner. Mr. Emery was 
descended from Anthony Emery, who came from Runiscy, 
England, in the ship " James," in 1635, and fii-st settled at 
11 



Newbury, whence he removed to Kittery about 1652, and 
settled in that part of the town which is now Eliot, where 
the subject of this notice was born on the 11th of Decem- 
ber, 1699. His father was Daniel Emery, and his mother's 
maiden name was Eliza Gowen. He had been brought up 
to the trade of a cooper, as had his ancestor who first came 
to this country ; but he exchanged that for the practice of 
the law, which he followed successfully till his death, in the 
year 1762. 

His place was filled by his kinsman, Caleb Emery, who 
also lived in Kittery, and who quit the practice soon after 
the Revolution. 

The first regularly educated lawyer who settled in Maine 
is believed to have been William Gushing, who graduated 
at Harvard College in 1751, and established himself in that 
part of the ancient town of Pownalboro' which is now called 
Dresden, where he continued in the practice of law till he 
was elevated to the bench in 1772. Mr. Gushing resided 
with his brother Charles, who was the first sheriff of Lin- 
coln County, and for many years after the Revolution the 
clerk of the courts in Suffolk. His house stood near the 
old court-house in Dresden. At the time Mr. Gushing 
commenced practice there, there was no house on the Ken- 
nebec River from about two miles above the Dresden court- 
house to the settlements in Canada, except the block-houses 
at Forts Western and Halifax. The whole country, as a 
witness once said of it in court, was an " eminent wilder- 
ness." Mr. Gushing was appointed the first judge of pro- 
bate in Lincoln County. He was made chief justice of the 
Supreme Court of Massachusetts in 1777, and was the first 
who held the office under the free government of that com- 
monwealth. He was transferred to the bench of the Supreme 
Court of the United States in 1789, and died in 1810. He 
was the last chief justice who wore the large wig of the 
English judges, which gave him upon the bench an air of 
superior dignity and gravity. Modern customs have put 
both the wig and gown out of countenance. 

David Sewall, of York, was the next regular practitioner 
who established himself in this State. He was a graduate 
of Harvard in the class of 1755, and immediately after 
reading law commenced practice in York, his native town. 
In 1777, Mr. Sewall was raised to the bench, and in 1789 
was appointed judge of the United States Court for the 
district of Maine. During the twelve years in which he 
held the office of judge in the State court he usually trav- 
eled on horseback, and indeed this is the manner in which 
the judges and members of the bar were obliged to travel 
before and some years after the Revolution. Judge Sewall 
died Oct. 22, 1825, aged ninety, and so pure had his life 
been that he remarked to a friend that if he were to lead 
his life over again he did not know that he should wish to 
alter it. 

In the manuscripts of Judge Sewall are preserved many 
interesting pre-Revolutionary reminiscences. We have room 
only for the following : 

"The court consisted at this time of Benj. Lynde, Paul Dudley, 
Edmund Quincy, and Addington Davenport. Another anecdote is 
related of Mr. Emery, which I will venture to preserve as showing 
something of the early manners of the bar. It was anciently the 
custom when the business of the court was nearly completed, for the 
members of the court and bar, made up of gentlemen from Maasa- 



82 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



ohusctis and New Ilampshiro, to iiMcniblo together at the tavern for 
a social meeting : on which occasions they constituted a court among 
themselves, appointing one of their number chief justice for the (rial 
of all broaches of good fellowship which had occurred during the 
term. On one of these meetings Mr. Emery was accused of calling 
the high sheriff afoul. Tho fact being proved or admitted, the court 
taking into consideration the time, manner, and occasion of the 
offense, ordered said Emory to pay for this offense, one pipe <;/' inhnccn. 
And ordered the sheriff, who it is said wasSamuol Wheelwright, to jiay 
one mug o/Jlip for deserving the appellation." 

The two distinguished jurists above named, with Caleb 
Emery, were the only lawyers in Maine in 1760, when the 
counties of Cumberland and liiiicoln were established. This 
event, by multiplying tho sittings of courts in the district, 
and by establishing a seat of justice at Falmouth, held out 
encouragement for persons entering the profession to settle 
here. Accordingly, we find, in 17G2, two persons, — The- 
ophilus Bradbury and David Wyer, entering upon the prac- 
tice in this town. 

Mr. Bradbury was a graduate of Harvard College in 
1757. He came from Newbury, and previous to his en- 
tering upon practice here was engaged in teaching. He ap- 
peared for the first time in court at the May term in 1762. 
Mr. Wyer was not admitted to the bar till the October term 
of the same year, although he appears to have been engaged 
in business of the court at the May term, in opposition to 
Mr. Bradbury. He was born at Charlestown, Mass., and 
graduated at Harvard College in 1758. Previous to this 
time there had been no lawyers in what is now Cumberland 
County. The courts had been attended when it was neces- 
sary, by practitioners from Massachusetts. In the great 
case between the Plymouth and Pejepscot proprietors, tried 
at Falmouth in 1754, Jeremiah Gridley and James Otis, of 
Boston, attended for the parties. Justices of the peace 
were also in the habit of filling writs and attending to busi- 
ness in court. This practice continued after there were 
regular practitioners in every county, and those which were 
not settled they generally procured some attorney to man- 
age in court, — a custom which operated severely upon those 
who had spent much money and time to prepare themselves 
for the profession, and produced the adoption of a rule by 
the barristers and attorneys practicing in Maine in 1770, 
whereby they agreed that they " would not enter, argue, or 
in any manner assist in the prosecution of causes where the 
writs shall be drawn by any person not regularly admitted 
and sworn, except in cases of necessity." The reason assigned 
by the lawyers for this rule was that they thought it '' detri- 
mental to the public that persons not regularly admitted 
and sworn as attorneys should be countenanced." This rule 
produced great excitement among that class of persons who 
had been in the habit of doing this business, which was 
brought to a focus by the refusal of the Superior Court to 
admit a person who had drawn a writ in this manner for 
another to manage the cause which had been brought up 
by appeal, and the attorneys refusing, under their rule, to 
conduct it, the plaintiff was non-suited. Early in 1774, 
the subject was brought before the town at a public meet- 
ing, and a committee was chosen to " represent the lawyers' 
agreement to the General Court and pray for redress." The 
committee consisted of Enoch Freeman, Stephen Lono-fol- 
low, Benjamin Mussey, Jonathan Morse, and Richard Cod- 



man. Nothing further appears to have been done, and it 
is probable that the political concerns of more absorbing 
interest, then beginning to arise, diverted attention entirely 
from the subject, and when the war was over the actors in 
the scene had new parts to perform. Still, prejudice against 
lawyers was not extinguished by the Revolution ; in many 
places it was very strong after the war, and continued so 
for many years. 

Mr. Bradbury and Mr. Wyer were the only resident law- 
yers in Falmouth till 1774, and consequently were invaria- 
bly employed upon opposite sides. They were both admit- 
ted to the Superior Court in 1765. They kept their offices 
in their houses, — Mr. Bradbury's at the corner of Middle 
and Willow Streets, and Mr. Wyer's nearly opposite the 
north school-house on Congress Street. In character these 
two attorneys were very dissimilar. Mr. Bradbury was 
grave and dignified in his deportment, while Mr. Wyer was 
full of gayety and wit, the shafts of which did not always 
fall harmless upon his adversary. The life of the former 
was marked by steadiness and uniformity ; that of the lat- 
ter was desultory and irregular ; one was distinguished by 
genius, the other by method ; both had qualities to elevate 
them in society, and give them fair rank in the courts. 
Bradbury was more of a special pleader, and by the weight 
of his character and manners had great influence with the 
court and jury; but Wyer often carried his point by the 
vigorous sallies of his wit, and when he lost the jury he 
frequently gained the laugh and the audience.* 

They were also opposed in religious sentiments, and at a 
time when the community was divided very strongly by a 
line between Episcopalians and Congregationalists, and legal 
questions were arising on the subject of taxes and the 
rights of the two societies, Wyer was advocating the claims 
of the Episcopalians while Bradbury was sustaining the for- 
tunes of the old parish. Wyer was upheld by the Royalist 
party ; Bradbury received his patronage from the Whigs. 

Notwithstanding these two were all the resident lawyers 
at this period, other eminent counselors were called from 
abroad in important causes. Previous to the Revolution 
Daniel Farnham, of Newbury ; John Chipman, of Marble- 
head ; William Cushing, of Pownalsboro' ; David Sewall, 
of York ; Samuel Livermore and William Parker, of Ports- 
mouth, James Otis, Jeremiah Gridley, Jonathan Sewall, 
and John Adams, of Boston, attended courts in Falmouth. 

Mr. Farnham graduated in 1739, at Harvard College. 
His practice here before the Revolution was quite large. 
He left one son, William, who lived in Boston. Mr. Chip- 
man was the son of Rev. John Chipman, and father of 
Ward Chipman, of Brunswick, agent for the British gov- 
ernment in the controversy with the United States respect- 
ing the boundary-line. While attending court at Falmouth 
in July, 1768, he was attiicked in the court-house with an 
apoplectic fit, of which he died in a few hours. He was a 
graduate of Harvard in 1738. Samuel Livermore was judge 
of the Superior Court of New Hampshire in 1792, and 
was several years chief justice. He was also United States 
Senator for eight years, from 1793. His sons, Edward St. 
Loe and Arthur Livermore, were each judges of the Su- 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



83 



perior Court of New Hampshire, and the latter chief 
justice. Mr. Gridiey was attorney-general of Massachu- 
setts, and died Sept. 10, 1767. Mr. Sewall succeeded Mr. 
Gridley as attorney-general in 17G7. He became a loyalist, 
and retired to Bristol, England, in 1775. Of John Adams, 
the last mentioned of those distinguished lawyers who at- 
tended court here, it only remains to give a few reminis- 
cences. 

Mr. Adams attended the court here twelve successive 
years prior to the Revolution, and boarded with Jonathan 
Webb. Jonathan Sewall and Mr. Adams were intimate 
friends until the crisis in American politics took place. 
Finding they could not change each other's views, they 
determined not to discuss the subject any more. This 
resolution was taken in this town when the court was 
sitting in July, 1774. They were walking upon Munjoy 
Hill before breakfast, and earnestly discussing the great 
questions which were then agitating the country. The 
conversation terminated by Mr. Adams saying, " I see we 
must part ; and with a bleeding heart I say it, I fear for- 
ever ; but you may depend upon it, that this adieu is the 
sharpest thorn on which I ever set my foot." After their 
parting here they did not meet again until Mr. Adams 
called upon him in London, in 1788, as the ambassador of 
the free American States.* 

In 1768 there were but six attorneys in Maine, viz., 
Caleb Emery, William Cushing, David Sewall, James Sul- 
livan,"]" Theophilus Bradbury, and David Wyer. Of these 
not one was in practice in the country at the close of the 
Revolutionary war. Cushing, Sullivan, and Sewall were 
on the bench, Caleb Emery had retired, Bradbury had re- 
moved to Newburyport, and Wyer was dead. Mr. Brad- 
bury was appointed attorney for the State in 1777, and so 
from year to year till his removal from the county, which 
took place in 1779. In 179G he was chosen member of 
Congress from Essex, and was appointed judge of the 
Supreme Court in 1797. He died Sept. 6, 1803, aged 
sixty-four. His son, George, subsequently moved to Port- 
land, and practiced law, was chosen member of Congress 
from Cumberland, and Senator to the State Legislature. 
He died Nov. 17, 1823, aged fifty-three years. 

Mr. Wyer was appointed king's attorney for the county 
frequently before the Revolution. On the destruction of 
the town by Mowatt Mr. Wyer removed to Stroudwater, 
where he died Feb. 29, 1776, aged thirty-five. 

The next attorney who settled here was Theophilus Par- 
sons, who was admitted to practice in this county, July, 
1774. He graduated at Harvard College in 1769, pursued 
his legal studies with Mr. Bradbury, and at the same time 
kept the grammar school on the Neck. He soon came into 
full practice, and was often employed in opposition to his 
legal instructor. While keeping school, and after his ad- 
mission to the bar, Mr. Parsons was unremitting in his 
studies, devoting to them his whole time. He was one of 
the committee of inspection in Falmouth in 1775, although 
but twenty-five years old, and took an active part in the 



* Willis' History of Portland. 

t Mr. Sullivan had recently commenced practice at ArroiTsic 
I.'fland, a part of Georgetown, whence he removed to Biddeford. 



measures adopted by the Whigs during his residence here. 
He moved to Newburyport in the latter part of 1775. 

Mr. Parsons was born in that part of Newbury now called 
Byfield, in 1750, his father being the minister of that parish. 
He boarded about three years with Deacon Codman, on the 
corner of Temple and Middle Streets; in April, 1775, he 
went to board with Dr. Degne. On his removal from Fal- 
mouth, he established himself in Newburyport, and subse- 
quently in Boston. He was appointed chief ju.stice of 
Massachusetts in 1806. It is unnecessary to give here a 
further notice of the life of this great man and unrivaled 
lawyer ; a brief and interesting view of it may be found in 
Chief Justice Parker's address on the opening of the court 
in Suftblk, November, 1813, shortly after his decease. He 
died in Boston, September, 1813, aged sixty-three, in the 
full strength of his intellectual faculties. 

After the death of Mr. Wyer, Mr. Bradbury was the 
only attorney in the county until the October term in 1778, 
when John Frothingham was admitted to practice in the 
Common Pleas. The latter was soon left alone by the re- 
moval of Mr. Bradbury to Newburyport in 1779. The 
business at that time was exceedingly small, so much so 
that Mr. Frothingham was induced to unite with his prac- 
tice the charge of a school, which he kept several years 
after the Revolution. The whole number of entries in 
1778 was but nineteen ; in 1779, twenty-six ; and in 1780, 
twenty. In the March term, 1780, Mr. Frothingham was 
appointed by the court attorney for the State in this county ; 
he continued in practice, enjoying the confidence of his 
clients and friends, until he was appointed a judge of the 
Common Pleas in 1804. 

Mr. Frothingham was born in Charlestown, Mass., in 
1750, and graduated at Harvard College in 1771. He 
kept a school in Greenland, N. H., a short time before he 
came here. He held many important olfices, and faithfully 
discharged all their duties to the satisfaction of the public. 
He was inspector of the excise for the district of Maine, 
secretary of Bowdoin College on its first organization, rep- 
resentative from the town in 178G, town clerk, thirty-four 
years clerk of the first parish, twelve years register of pro- 
bate, and eight years judge of the Common Pleas. In the 
latter part of his life he was deprived of his sight, but bore 
his affliction with great patience. In 1784 he married 
Martha May, of Boston, by whom he had a large family of 
children, four of whom survived him. He died Feb. 8, 
1826, aged seventy-six, leaving to his posterity his well- 
merited reputation. 

The next lawyer who came to Falmouth was Royal 
Tyler, son of a gentleman of that name in Boston, who was 
one of the king's counselors, and active in the first stages of 
the Revolution. Graduating at Harvard College in 1776, 
Mr. Tyler came here in 1779. He had an office on Middle 
Street, near the head of Plumb Street, but remained only 
about two years. During his practice he commenced an 
action against an officer of a privateer then lying in the 
harbor, and went with the sheriff to arrest him ; the officer 
not liking the process, turned upon the deputy and attorney, 
carried them both to sea, and landed them at Townsend, 
now Boothbay. Mr. Tyler afterwards became chief justice 
of the Supreme Court of Vermont. 



84 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



The next attorney wlio establi:<hed himself here was 
Daniel Davis, who started from Boston on horseback, " the 
world all before him where to choose," to seek some prom- 
isiiii; place wherein to commence practice. He arrived and 
fi.xod his abode on tlic Neck, in the autumn of 1782. At 
this time there were but five lawyers in Maine besides Mr. 
Davis, viz., George Thacher, who then lived in York, but 
nextyear removed to Biddeford ; John Frothingham, of Port- 
land ; Timothy Langdoii, of Wi.scasset ; Roland Gushing, 
youngest brother of Judge William Gushing, at old Fownal- 
boro' ; and William Lithgow, at Georgetown. Mr. Davis 
continued in practice here until 1803, when he removed to 
Boston. He was an eloquent and popular advocate, and 
had an extensive practice. In 1831:5 he was the only sur- 
vivor of the lawyers who were in practice at the time he 
eamc here, and of all who came to the town within fifteen 
years after him.* 

Mr. Davis was appointed in 1790, with William Shep- 
herd and Nathan Dane, commissioner to treat with the east- 
ern Indians, and in the same year succeeded William Lith- 
gow in the office of United States attorney for the district 
of Maine. He was repeatedly chosen Representative by the 
town, and Senator by the county to the Legislature of Mas- 
sachusetts, and while he was Senator, in 1801, he received 
the appointment of Solicitor-General for the State of Massa- 
chusetts, which he held till 1832, when that, with the 
office of Attorney- General, was abolished. In 1786, Mr. 
Davis married at Quebec, Louisa Freeman, by whom he 
had a large family of children. 

As we are leaving the history of the ante-Revolutionary 
lawyers, we cannot omit one anecdote preserved by Judge 
Sewall, illustrative of the manners of those days. It was 
the custom, as I have before observed, for the members 
of the court and bar at the close of the session to hold 
special courts at the tavern, which were made the occa- 
sion of festivity and wit. At one of those seasons, when 
the Inferior Court was held at Biddeford, Hill, Spara- 
hawk, Jordan, and Moulton being on the bench, the 
court sat at the public-house of one Ladd, there being 
no court-house in that town. The late Judge Lowell, of 
Newburyport, arrived on Monday evening to attend the 
court, and called upon landlord Ladd to accommodate him 
during the session. Ladd told him his house was full and 
he could not accommodate him. Mr. Lowell was obliged 
to seek lodgings elsewhere, but suppo.sing Mr. Ladd would 
take care of his horse, if he could not receive him, left him 
tied at the post in front of the house. It .so happened that 
the horse was overlooked, and remained tied at the post, 
where Mr. Lowell left him, all night. On Friday evening 
a special court was held at Ladd's for the hearing and de- 
termining of small causes of omission and commission that 
had occurred during the week. Daniel Farnhara, E.sq., 
was appointed judge; among other causes landlord Ladd 
was called upon to answer his neglect in not taking care of 
Mr. Lowell's horse, and for suffering him to .stand all night 
at the door of his tavern. The fact was not denied, but in 
excuse he said that he had told Mr. Lowell that he could 
uot give him entertainment, as his house was full before he 



►Willis' History of Portland. 



applied, and he did not recollect that Mr. Lowell, when he 
went away, said anything about his horse. Upon this evi- 
dence the judge ordered the landlord to pay a single bowl 
of good punch for his neglect in not taking proper care of 
the horse, and that Mr. Lowell .should pay twice as much 
for suffering the poor animal to remain all night at the 
door. The sentence was carried into immediate execution 
for the benefit of the company convened. 

Moses Pearson was judge of the court of Common 
Pleas for several years before the Revolution. He was 
born in Newbury, in 1697, and was by trade a joiner. He 
came to Falmouth about the year 1728, and early took an 
active part in the affairs of the town. Within the first ten 
years of his residence he filled the offices of town clerk, 
selectman, and town treasurer. In 1737, 1740, and 1749 
he represented the town in the General Court. In 1745 
he raised a company in this neighborhood, and joined the 
army for the siege of Louisbourg, where he gained the con- 
fidence of the commanding officers, and was appointed agent 
of Sir William Pepperell's regiment, and treasurer of the 
nine regiments employed in the siege, to receive and dis- 
burse the spoils of victory. He remained at Louisbourg 
through part of 1746, superintending the construction of 
barracks, a ho.spital, and the repairs of the fortifications, and 
was sent home by Governor Shirley to procure materials to 
complete the works. 

In 1760, on the establishment of the county of Cumber- 
land, he was appointed the first sheriff, and held the office 
till 1768, when William Tyng was appointed. In 1770 he 
was raised to the bench of the Common Pleas, and contin- 
ued in office until the Revolution. He was a large pro- 
prietor in Falmouth and in Standish, which for several 
years was called " Pearsontown," it having been granted to 
him and several others who were engaged in the Louisbourg 
expedition. He owned large property in Portland, which 
he left to his heirs. He died June 5, 1778, aged eighty- 
one. His wife was Sarah Titcomb, a sister of Col. Moses 
Titcomb, who was killed at Ticonderoga in 1755, by whom 
he had six daughters and no sons. One of his daughters 
— Lois — married Joshua Freeman in 1750 ; she died 
March 21, 1813. Another daughter — -Eunice — married 
Rev. Samuel Deane, April 3, 1766, and died in 1812. 
Sarah married Daniel Dole, and Ann married Benjamin 
Titcomb. 



C H A P T E R X \ I. 

BENCH AND BAR-iContinued). 

Association of Members of the Bar^Discussion of Legal Reforms — 
Sketches of Members of the Beneli nntl Bar from 178.'! to 1808. 

The excitement which existed against lawyers and the 
courts to an alarming extent in Mas.«aehusetts in 1785, and 
some years after, was not much felt here ; the Shays rebel- 
lion had no advocates in this part of the country. A pre- 
judice, however, did prevail against the profession, which 
was concentrated and carried into the Legislature in 1790, 
by John Gardiner, of Pownalboro', a barrister at law. He 
introduced a resolution in January of that year, that the 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



85 



House would resolve itself into a committee of the whole to 
take into consideration " the present state of the law and 
its professors in the commonwealth." He prefaced his 
resolution by some able and spirited remarks, which he 
subsequently enforced and illustrated, against lawyers and 
what he termed abuses of tlie law, some of which were 
merely imaginary. He objected to the association of mem- 
bers of the bar and the formation of bar rules, the modes 
of taxing, cost, and other practices which he termed illegal 
and unwarrantable usurpations. He thought the law ou2;ht 
to be simplified, that many customs had crept in from the 
English law which should be eradicated ; his desire was to 
thrust in the knife and remove entirely all those customs 
which he and others considered grievances. While the 
subject was before the Legislature, Mr. Gardiner, in the 
heat of debate and in a highly excited state of feeling, cast 
many aspersions upon lawyers, which had a tendency to 
bring the whole class into disrepute and encourage the 
unfounded prejudice which existed against them outside. 
He had not, however, many supporters in the house ; the 
bills which he introduced were rejected by large majorities; 
the one to annihilate special pleading was debated with 
great earnestness, and the late Chief Justice Parsons op- 
posed it with a power that could not be resisted. Mr. 
Gardiner was severely handled in the newspapers, and 
treated in a manner altogether unworthy of an age of free 
inquiry. The editor of a Boston paper was tried in 1791 
for a gross libel upon him, but was acquitted ; the defense 
seemed to be that Mr. Gardiner had rather courted abuse 
in the cause of reform than avoided it, and was not there- 
fore to be protected from a storm which he had invited. 
The eiFect of this attempt to array the community against 
one class of citizens was on the whole to establish the charac- 
ter of the profession, which numbered among its members 
some of the most learned, virtuous, and patriotic individ- 
uals of the country, upon a more firm foundation in public 
favor than it had before enjoyed. 

At this time Judge Parsons drew from Mr. Gardiner 
the following eulogiuni : " This erroneous opinion of the 
gentlemen of the profession here was taken from a mere 
dictum of the late Mr. Gridley, who, though a mighty pomp- 
ous man, was a man of considerable learning and abilities, 
in learning and genius, however, almost infinitely inferior 
to that great giant of learning and genius, the law member 
from Newburyport." Mr. Parsons was then but forty 
years old. Mr. Gardiner had been educated in England, 
and practiced law in the island of St. Christopher ; he came 
to Boston after the Revolution, and soon after moved to 
Pownalboro', in the neighborhood of which he had an here- 
ditary estate. He was lost by the upsetting of a packet in 
which he was going to Boston, in 1793 or 1794. He left 
one daughter, who married James Lithgow. 

Joseph Thomas, born in Pembroke, Mass., a graduate of 
Harvard College in 178(j, came to Portland, and took 
charge of the grammar school, and afterwards studied law 
with his uncle, Daniel Davis, and was admitted to the 
Cumberland bar in May, 1792. He went to Kenncbunk, 
where he practiced till his death, Jan. 20, 1830. 

Samuel Thatcher graduated at Harvard College in 1793, 
at the age of seventeen. He studied law in the office of 



Jonathan Fay, at Concord, Mass., was admitted in 1798, 
and came to Maine and opened an office at New Gloucester 
then half-shire with Portland. In October of the next year 
he removed to Warren, Me. 

Moses Gill, a nephew of Lieutenant-Governor Gill, with 
whom he was prepared for his profession, was a gradu- 
ate of Harvard in 1784, and commenced practice in New 
Gloucester in 1796. After a practice of about two years 
he became dissipated in his habits, returned to Massachu- 
setts, and died there in 1832. 

Peter 0. Alden, a graduate of Brown University in 
1792, was admitted to the Cumberland bar in March, 1797. 
His business for a time was very good, but it soon declined, 
and, after some success in commercial pursuits, the restric- 
tions prior to the war of 1812 caused him to become em- 
barrassed, and the latter portion of his life was embittered 
by disappointment and poverty. He died in 1843, at the 
age of seventy-three years. 

In 1789 Salmon Chase and Samuel Cooper Johonnot 
came to Portland to practice law, and were both admitted 
at the October term of the Common Pleas that year. 

Mr. Chase was son of Samuel Chase, of Cornish, N. 
H. ; he graduated at Dartmouth College in 1785. He con- 
tinued in practice here, rising gradually to the first rank in 
his profession, until his death, Aug. 10, 1806, aged forty- 
five years. Mr. Chase was distinguished rather for sound 
judgment and accurate research than as an eloquent advo- 
cate ; he was a safe counselor, and the interests of his clients 
were never neglected by him. He died much regretted by 
the community of which he had been an active and useful 
member. 

Mr. Johonnot was grandson of the celebrated Dr. Samuel 
Cooper, of Boston ; he graduated at Harvard College in 
1783, and completed his education in France and Geneva. 
He studied law with Governor Sullivan, who was much 
attached to him, and introduced him to the bar. He re- 
mained abroad long enough to part with all his American 
manners and feelings, and although he returned a good 
scholar and highly-polished man, he was unfitted altogether 
for the practice of his profession among his countrymen. He 
spoke the modern languages fluently, was full of wit, vivacity, 
and satire, and an extremely pleasant companion. In 1791 
his satirical talent having involved him in a bitter quarrel 
with the principal men of the town, he found it necessary for 
his own comfort and safety to make a hasty departure. He 
went to Boston, and soon after embarked for Demerara, 
where he was appointed American consul in 1793, and 
accumulated a handsome estate in the commi.^.sion business. 

In 1790, William Syniraes, who had been previously ad- 
mitted to the bar in Essex County, came to Portland to prac- 
tice law. He was a son of Rev. Mr. Symmes, of Andover, 
and a graduate of Harvard in the class of 1780. Mr. 
Symmes was a member of the convention of Massachusetts 
which adopted the Constitution of the United States, and, 
although warmly opposed to that instrument on taking his 
seat, he had the good sense to yield his opinion to the able 
and enlightened arguments which distinguished that illus- 
trious body. He was an able lawyer and advocate, and a 
man of much personal pomposity. He died Jan. 7, 1807, 
a bachelor, aged forty-five. 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



The next attorney wlio was adiuitted to the har and set- 
tled in Forthnid was Jolin Bagley, son of Jolin Bagley, 
and a native of the place. He was indeed the first native 
of the town or State who was admitted to practice in this 
county. He did not, however, continue long at the bar. 
He was followed by James D. Hopkins, who was admitted in 
1797 ; George E. Vaughan, son of William Vaughan, who 
was admitted in 17t)8, and was a successful practitioner. 

The next year, 1799, came Isaac Parker, late chief jus- 
tice of Massachusetts, from Castine, and entered at once 
upon a large and profitable practice, to which he was emi- 
nently entitled by his urbanity, his erudition, and his elo- 
quence as an advocate. Mr. Parker was born in Boston 
in 17G8, and graduated at Harvard in 1786. He was 
twice elected to Congress from the eastern district of Maine, 
and while a member in 1799 was appointed by President 
Adams marshal of Maine, which ofiice he held till 1803, 
when he was removed by President Jefferson. On the 22d 
of February, 1800, he pronounced an eloquent eulogy at 
Portland on the death of Uen. Washington. In December, 
1805, he was elected to the bench of the Supreme Court, 
and the next year removed to Boston. In 1814 he was ap- 
pointed successor to Chief Justice Sewall. He died in July, 
1830, universally lamented. 

Chief Justice Parker was descended from John Parker, 
who came from Biddeford, England, and settled at the 
mouth of the Saco River, and afterwards entered largely 
into land speculation at the mouth of the Kennebec. The 
son of the first John and the great-great-grandfather of the 
chief justice was born in Saco in 1635, was driven by Indian 
hostilities in 1689 from his large possessions on the Ken- 
nebec and sought refuge at Fort Loyal, where he and his 
son James were killed when the fort was taken in May, 
1690. His eldest son, Daniel, moved to Cliarlestown, 
Mass., where he died in 1694, leaving a son, Isaac, who 
was grandfather of the chief justice. 

In 1800 there were nine lawyers in the county, viz., John 
Frothingham, Daniel Davis, William Symmes, Salmon Chase, 
James D. Hopkins, George E. Vaughan, Peter 0. Alden, 
of Brunswick, and Ezekiel Whitman, of New Gloucester. 
To these should be added William Widgery, who practiced 
law many years in New Gloucester, in opposition to the 
bar rules, and became judge of the Common Pleas, under 
the government of Massachusetts. Few men saw more of 
the world or figured in a greater variety of ways. He 
went very poor to New Gloucester before the Revolution. 
During the war, or part of it, he was lieutenant of a priva- 
teer commanded by Nathaniel Thompson, in which he dis- 
played the remarkable perseverance which characterized his 
after-life. He was a member of the convention of Massa- 
chusetts which adopted the Constitution of the United 
States, and strenuously opposed that instrument in numer- 
ous speeches. He was chosen Senator in 1794, and fre- 
quently Representative to the General Court, and was also 
elected to Congress. After his removal to Portland he en- 
gaged in navigation, and for a time commanded one of his 
own vessels, which, on one occasion, by liis superior sagacity 
and shrewdness, he saved from the hands of the British. 
He accumulated a large csUite, which he left to his heirs in 
1822. 



James D. Hopkins was born at Axminster, England, in 
1773. and was the son of Thomas Hopkins, a merchant, 
who came to Falmouth from England in 1784. He studied 
law with Daniel Davis, of Portland, then the most brilliant 
lawyer at the bar of Maine, and was admitted in 1797. 
Although not a college graduate he was a thorough student 
and well informed and able in his profession, being an adroit 
special pleader and skilled in the laws of real estate. He 
practiced here successfully till his death, June 17, 1840. 
His first wife was Mary, daughter of John Bagley, of Port- 
land, whom he married Dec. 18, 1801. She died in about 
three months afterwards. In December, 1804, he married 
for his second wife, Dorcas, a daughter of Capt. Daniel 
Tucker, of Portland, by whom he had three daughters. 

Mr. Hopkins had a younger brother, Thomas Hopkins, 
who read law with him, and a few months with Judge 
Wilde, of Hallowell, and was admitted to the bar of Cum- 
berland County in 1805. He commenced practice in 
Bridgton, where he remained about a year, and then, in ill 
health, removed to Portland, where he died in 1807. 

In 1801, Stephen Longfellow was admitted to the bar of 
this county, and coTitinued in successful practice in Portland 
till his death, in 1849. Mr. Longfellow was born in Gor- 
ham, Me,, March 23, 1776. He was descended in the 
fourth generation from William Longfellow, the first of the 
name who came to this country and settled in the Beyfield 
Parish, in the old town of Newbury, and who married there, 
in 1678, Anne Sewall. His father, grandfather, and great- 
grandfather were all named Stephen, the name being de- 
rived from Stephen Dummer, the father of Jane Dummer, 
the first William Longfellow's wife. His grandfather, the 
first of the name who came to Maine, graduated at Harvard 
in 1742, and came to Falmouth as the grammar-school 
master in 1745. He was fifteen years grammar-school 
master, twenty-three years parish clerk, twenty-two years 
town clerk, and fifteen year.s register of probate and clerk of 
the Judicial Courts, several of which ofiSces he held at the 
same time. His son Stephen held the office of judge of the 
court of Common Pleas, and died much respected in 1824, 
The grandflither died in 1790, 

The subject of this notice was a graduate of Harvard 
College, which he entered at the age of eighteen. He 
studied law with Salmon Chase, of Portland, and was ad- 
mitted to practice in 1801. He was a man of excellent 
character and good abilities as a lawyer. In 1823-24 he was 
Representative from this district in Congress; in 1826 he 
represented Portland in the State Legislature ; in 1828 was 
made Doctor of Laws by Bowdoin College ; and in 1833 
was president of the Maine Historical Society. He died 
Aug. 3, 1849, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. 

Barrett Potter, for twenty-five years judge of probate in 
this county, was born in Lebanon, Conn., March 8, 1777, 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 1796, studied law at 
Northfield, Ma.ss., and was admitted to the bar in 1801. 
In the same year he opened a law-office in North Yarmouth, 
where he continued to practice till March, 1805, when he 
removed to Gorham and remained till June, 1806, at which 
date, upon the solicitation of Salmon Chase, Esq., he moved 
to Portland, and entered into partnership with the latter- 
named gentleman. The death of Mr. Chase, in August 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



87 



foUowins:, left Mr. Potter in possession of a lucrative busi- 
ness, which, by his own added abilities and popularity, was 
rapidly increased. In 1819, Mr. Potter was chosen a 
member of the Executive Council of Massachusetts, and in 
1820, when the new State of Maine wa.s formed, he was 
chosen the first Senator from Cumberland County. In 
1822 he was appointed judge of probate as the successor of 
Judge Parris, who had been chosen Governor of the State. 
Judge Potter held the office a quarter of a century, and 
retired in 1847, at the age of seventy. He married, in 
1809, Ann Titcomb, daughter of Hon. Woodbury Storer, 
of Portland, by whom he had three daughters, of whom 
Mary married the poet Longfellow, and Ann married Peter 
Thacher, Esq., an attorney-at-law of Rockland, Me. 

William B. Sewall studied law in the office of Judge 
Isaac Parker, of Portland. He graduated at Harvard in 

1803, in the class with Rev. Dr. Edward Payson, James 
Savage, Prof John Farrer, and others of no less brilliant 
reputation. Several of these came to Portland to study 
law, as the place at that time presented great inducements, 
on account of the legal talent centred here ; and among 
these was William B. Sewall. He says, " When I went to 
Portland, in December, 1803, the students in Judge Par- 
ker's office were Samuel D. Freeman, John Wadsworth, 
and James Savage. Freeman was for the most part with 
his father in office business, and Wadsworth was absent 
considerably from ill health, part of the time at Washing- 
ton, his father being Representative from Cumberland. In 

1804, Abram Eustis was added to our number; and not 
long afterwards Samuel Bryant, a nephew of Maj. Weeks, 
began his term of five years. We were all dispersed by the 
appointment of Judge Parker to the Supreme Court in 
February, 180(3." Eustis went to Boston, and was com- 
missioned captain in the United States Artillery ; Bryant 
afterwards went into business ; Wadsworth was admitted to 
the bar, and had an office in Portland in 1809; he afler- 
wards moved to Hiram, where he died in 1860. Mr. Sew- 
all adds, " Horatio Southgate, James C. Jewett, and Wood- 
bury Storer, Jr., were, I think, admitted before I went to 
Portland. Bray came from Connecticut, and was a short 
time in Symmes' office before being allowed to practice in 
this State ; he was in practice, when I first came, in Kel- 
logg's building." 

For a short time after the appointment of Judge Parker 
to the bench, Mr. Sewall was in the office of Prenti.ss Mel- 
len, but he completed his studies with Livermore, in New- 
buryport, and was there admitted to the Common Pleas. 
He came back to Portland, opened an office, and was ad- 
mitted to the Supreme Court in Cumberland County. He 
was afterwards a partner with Prentiss Melicn, the hitter 
having so large an outside practice, where he was retained 
on important cases, as to make a partner in the office 
necessary. 

Mr. Sewall was an able lawyer and a man of fine literary 
abilities. He contributed many interesting articles to the 
old Portland Gazette, when it was edited by Mr. Isaac 
Adams, over the signature of " Pilgrim," and with Judge 
Bourne, of Kennebunk, prepared the first " Maine Regis- 
ter," issued in 1820. He had a great fondness for mathe- 
matics, and at the time of receiving his first degree at 



Harvard Commencement was assigned " Exercises in Math- 
ematics and Astronomy," with two other classmates, — Na- 
than Parker and Daniel Swan. 

In 1819, on the death of his first wife. Mr. Sewall re- 
tired to the old homestead at Kennebunk, where he re- 
mained till 1823, when he returned to Portland and took 
charge of the editorial department of the Advertiser, add- 
ing to it during his management the semi-weekly edition. 
He returned permanently to Kennebunk in 1837. 

Judge Nathan Weston, who began the practice of law 
at New Gloucester, on the removal of Judge Whitman to 
Portland, was born in Augusta, July 27, 1782, was educated 
at Hallowell Academy and Dartmouth College, studied law 
with George Blake, United States district attorney, in 
Boston, and was admitted to the bar of Suffolk in 1806. 
He at first opened a law office at Augusta, but in the spring 
of 1807 removed to New Gloucester, where he remained 
till 1810, being elected to the Legislature in 1808. In 
1809 he married a daughter of Judge Daniel Cony, of 
Augusta, and the next year went there to reside perma- 
nently. 

In 1811, under the famous "gerrymandering" of the 
Common Pleas into Circuit Courts, Mr. Weston was ap- 
pointed chief justice of the second circuit. He discharged 
the duties of the office with dignity and ability till 1820, 
when on the organization of the new State he was appointed 
one of the justices of the Supreme Court, and in October, 
1834, was made chief justice in the place of Prentiss Mellen, 
whose constitutional time had expired. He retired from 
the bench in October, 1841, and was succeeded by Chief 
Justice Whitman. 

Judge Weston's career was one of eminent success. 
Though he was called to the bench young and with scarcely 
three years' practice at the bar, he acquitted himself with 
honor and credit, and retired with the esteem and confi- 
dence of his countrymen. 

Nicholas Emery, one of the judges of the Supreme 
Court of Maine, was born in Exeter, N. H., Sept. 4, 
1776, and at the age of twelve became a student in the 
famous Phillips Academy in his native town. Here he first 
became acquainted with the future great statesman, Daniel 
Webster, who then came a young man from his home 
somewhat rustic, and entered the school as a student. The 
appearance of Mr. Webster at that time — tall and rather 
ungainly, clad in a suit of motley homespun, his brows 
shaggy, and his large head covered with a mass of black, 
unshorn hair — excited the ridicule of some of the young 
gentlemen students, who, had they known their subject, 
might have been proud of half the brains which he pos- 
sessed. Mr. Webster was too sensitive to endure being 
made sport of, and was about to retire from the school, 
when Mr. Emery, perceiving what was in him, took him 
under his patronage, persuaded him to remain, and for some 
time, it is said, gave him private lessons. From that time 
forward a friendship grew up between Emery and Webster 
which lasted through life. The last time Mr. Webster 
visited Portland he spoke of his friend. Judge Emery, as 
a man of great capabilities, who had never fulfilled his 
destiny, idthough the career of Mr. I'juiory its a lawyer and 
judge had been one of more than ordinary success. 



UISTOllY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Mr. Emery graduated at Dartmouth College in 1795, 
.studied law with St. Loe Livormoro, at Portsmouth, N. H., 
and was admitted to the bar iu the autumn of 1798. He 
began practice at Parsoiisficld, whence he removed to Port- 
land, in 1S07. In the autumn of the .same year he married 
Ann T., daughter of Governor Oilman, of New Hampshire, 
a lady of high accomplishments and excellent character. 
In 1884, Mr. Emery was appointed to fill the place of 
Judge Weston on the bench of the Supremo Court of 
Maine. He faitlifuUy and promptly discharged the duties 
of his appointed station for the constitutional term of seven 
years, when he resumed the practice of his profession. It 
is not too much to say that he was distinguished both as 
an advocate and coun.selor. His decisions as judge are 
found in the eighth volume of the Maine Reports, from 
the twelfth to the nineteenth inclusive. On the admi.ssion 



1820, at which t'inic he was Senator in Congi-ess from 
Massachusetts. 

Ezekiel Whitman was born at Bridgewater, Mass., in 
1770; graduated at Brown University in 1795. On his 
admission to the bar he practiced law at Turner, in that 
part of Cumberland now forming the county of Oxford, and 
was the oidy lawyer in that part of the country. He moved 
in a few months to New Gloucester, and, as we have seen, 
to Portland in 1806. He was appointed chief justice of 
the Common Pleas in 1822, being then Representative in 
Congress from the Cumberland district. 

Simon Greenleaf was born at Newburyport, Mass., Dec. 
5, 1783; died at Cambridge, Oct. 6, 1853; studied law 
with Hon Ezekiel Whitman at New Gloucester; was a 
lawyer at Standish, 1806, at Gray, 1807. Removed to 
Portland, 1818; to Cambridge, 1833; was Representative 




CHIEF JUSTICE PRENTISS MELLEN. 



of the State, he was sent as the first representative from 
Portland. At his death, Aug. 24, 1861, he was, with the 
exception of Judge Whitman, then living, the oldest 
member of the Cumberland bar. 

In 1.S06, Prentiss Mellen moved here from Biddeford, 
and Ezekiel Whitman from New Gloucester, and were fol- 
lowed by Samuel Fessenden and Simon Greenleaf (a coterie 
of distinguished lawyers), who had commenced practice in 
the smaller towns. 

Mr. Mellen was born at Sterling, Mass., in October, 1764, 
and graduated at Harvard in 1784. He practiced law a 
few months in his native town, and two years in Bridge- 
water, when, by tlie advice of Judge Thacher, he removed 
to Biddeford, and both there and at Portland he had a very 
large practice, which extended into every county in Maine. 
He WiUi the fii-st chief justice of this State, appointed in 



in Maine Legislature in 1820 ; Reporter of Decisions of the 
Supreme Court, 1 820-32 ; Royal Professor of Law at Har- 
vard, 1833-45 ; Dane Professor of Law, 1845-48 ; Emeri- 
tus Professor, 1848 till lii.s death. He was a member of 
the Ma.ssaehusett,s Constitutional Convention iu 1853, and 
received his degree of A.M. from Bowdoin College in 1817, 
and LL.D. from Harvard in 1834, and Amherst in 1845. 

Woodbury Storer was born in Portland, July 12, 1783. 
His father came from Wells to Portland before the Revolu- 
tion. He combined in his veins the blood of the Dudleys, 
the Hills, the Woodburys, and the Langdons, — all famous 
for their patriotism and heroic ((ualities iu the early Indian 
wars, and in the later struggle for independence. Mr. Storer 
received liis early education at Phillips Academy, Exeter, 
N. H., then the highest seminary of it-s kind in the United 
States. He entered in 1789, and two years later began the 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



89 



study of law with William Symmes, of Portland. He 
liad the advantage of the society of such fellow-students as 
Thomas E. Hale (who died in Castine), William Freeman 
(son of Judge Samuel Freeman), James Savage, General 
Eustis (of Boston), William B. Sewall (of York), Edward 
Payson (then preceptor of the Academy), Horatio South- 
gate, James C. Jewett, Samuel Deane Freeman ( brother of 
William), and John Wadsworth, — all graduates of Harvard 
College, except three. They had been attracted here as 
students by the reputation of Mr. Symmes, Chief Justice 
Parker, Daniel Davis, and Salmon Chase. 

Mr. Storer continued with Mr. Symmes five years, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1805. He commenced practice 
in Portland, where he had the benefit of a large circle of 
business connections. His progress was steady, and for 
more than fifty years he pursued a uniform, consistent, up- 
right course of practice, which won for him universal con- 
fidence and respect. He was a judicious, honorable, and 
successful practitioner; was much employed in the admin- 
istration of estates, as executor, guardian, and trustee, and 
in all these relations was faithful to the rights of his clients 
and of all concerned. 

At the time of his death, which occurred June 24, 18G0, 
at the age of seventy-seven years lacking eighteen days, Mr. 
Storer was the oldest member of the Cumberland bar with 
the single exception of Jonathan Morgan, who was then 
eighty-two years old. Mr. Storer took great interest in 
public improvements, particularly in the railroads which 
have extended their advantages to various parts of the 
State. He married, in 1811, Mary Barrett, of Greenfield, 
Mass., a niece of Judge Barrett Potter, of Portland, and 
granddaughter of Col. John Barrett, of Boston ; but loft 
no children. 

Elisha Pomeroy Cutler, a young lawyer of brilliant talents 
and fine promise, was admitted the same year with Mr. 
Storer. He was the son of Dr. Robert Cutler, a distin- 
guished physician of Amherst, N. H., where he was born 
in 1780. He graduated at Williams College in 1798, and 
pursued his legal studies with Judge Samuel Dana, of Gro- 
ton, Mass. In 1805 he opened an oSice at North Yar- 
mouth, in this county. The town being settled by people 
of New England stock, and being thrifty and flourishing, 
Mr. Cutler found it a good place for his practice, which ex- 
tended to the shire-town and to adjoining towns of the 
county. He had not been tliree years in the place before 
he was elected to represent the town in the Legislature, 
and was re-elected the two following years, 1809 and 1810. 
During this period he distinguished himself as an able 
debater, and would have made a figure in political life, as 
well as at the bar, had he not been cut down in the prime 
of manhood by a pulmonary disease which terminated bis 
days in Augu.st, 1813, at the age of thirty-three. 

In 1811, Mr. Cutler married Elizabeth, daughter of Capt. 
Judah Delano, of Portland, by whom he had one son, a 
merchant in Boston. His widow married Josiah W. 
Mitchell, of Freeport, a lawyer and friend of Mr. Cutler's. 

Horatio Southgate was admitted to the Cumberland bar 
at the October term of Common Pleas held at New Glou- 
cester in 1802. He was the son of Dr. Robert Southgate. 
of Scarborough, who was also one of the judges of the 
12 



Common Pleas, and who came from Leicester, Mass., on 
horseback, with all his worldly goods in a pair of saddle- 
bags. This worthy man, the father of several beautiful 
and accomplished daughters, died in 1833, at the age of 
ninety-two. His wife, the mother of Horatio and the other 
children, was Mary, daughter of Richard King, of Scar- 
borough, and .sister of the eminent statesman, Rufus King. 

Horatio was born in Scarborough in August, 1781, and 
at the age of thirteen was placed at the famous Exeter 
Academy, where he had for his associates Henry Wads- 
worth, who gallantly perished before Tripoli in 1803; Lev- 
erett Stonestall, of Salem, Mass. ; the accomplished Joseph 
S. Buckminster, afterwards pastor of Brattle Street Church, 
Boston ; Augustine and Bushrod Washington, from Vir- 
ginia, and Daniel Webster. After his preparatory course at 
this celebrated school, he entered the law-ofiice of Salmon 
Chase, of Portland, where he studied his profession, and 
was in regular course admitt«d to the bar. He opened his 
office in the Canal Bank building, or in a building which 
stood on its site, and practiced here (attending to business 
part of the time in Scarborough) till 1815, when he was 
appointed register of probate for Cumberland County. He 
remained in this office twenty-one years, discharging its 
duties with singular fidelity, exactness, and promptitude. 
In 1830 he prepared the " Probate Manual, containing 
forms adapted to the practice of probate courts in the State 
of Maine," also the laws relating to the subject — a valuable 
and much-needed handbook. 

After the death of his father, Mr. Southgate removed to 
Scarborough, and took possession of the old homestead, 
where he continued to reside till his death. 



CHAPTER XVIL 

BENCH AND BAB— (Continued!. 

Members admitted since IS{I8 — .Sketches of Prominent Lawyers and 
Judges — Doctors of Laws — Attorneys and Counselors-at-Law 
(jraoticing in the County in 1879. 

General Samdel Fessenden, so long and favorably 
known as a leading member of the Cumberland bar, was 
born in Fryeburg, Me., July IG, 1784. John Fessenden, 
the first of the name in this country, was " admitted a free- 
man" of Cambridge, Mass., in 1641. The branch of the 
family in Maine descended from William Fessenden, born 
in 1603, married to Martha Wyelh in 1716, and had eleven 
children. His oldest son, William, graduated at Har- 
vard; married Mary Palmer, March 31, 1740, and had six 
children, one of whom, William, was the father of Samuel. 
He was born in 1747 (O.S.) ; graduated at Harvard in 
1786, and was settled the first minister of the First Parish 
in Fryeburg, Oct. 11, 1775, in which office he continued 
about thirty years, till his death. May 6, 1805. 

Samuel Fessenden, the distinguished subject of this 
sketch, graduated at Dartmouth College in 1806. He 
studied law in the office of Judge Dana, of Fryeburg ; was 
admitted to the bar in 1809, and opened an office in New 
(jiloueester, where Judge Weston and Daniel Howard were 



90 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



then Id practice. This was in iho central part of the county, 
and was tlien a place of considerable trade. Profe-ssor Green- 
leaf at that time practiced in the adjoinin-; town of Gray, 
and was Gen. Fessenden's chief competitor. Their foren- 
sic encounters were often Bcenes of great interest, and 
lasted Ions after they had entered the larger arena of prac- 
tice at Portland. In learning and ability it was difficult to 
choose between them, although each had his different mode 
of attack and defense, and his own peculiar manner of pre- 
senting and arguing causes. Greenloaf was keen, ingenious, 
insinuating, and fluent ; Fesseiiden solid, moderate in man- 
ner, pertinacious, and persevering. Both had about equal 
weight and influence with the jury. 

Gen. Fe.ssendcn moved to Portland in 1822, and formed 
a partnership with Thomas Amory Deblois, who had 
studied law with Samuel A. Bradley at Fryeburg, and 
been admitted in 1816. He had practiced first a short 
time in Windham before moTing to Portland. This part- 
nership continued till 1854, when it was dissolved, and 
Daniel Fessenden, son of the general, took the place of 
Deblois. The latter firm continued till Daniel Fessenden 
was elected clerk of the courts in 1861. The general then, 
after fifty years of laborious, active, and eminently success- 
ful professional service, retired to the quiet scenes of private 
life. In 1864 he was the oldest living member but one of 
the Cumberland bar. For many years he was the honored 
president of the Cumberland Bar Association. He was a 
ripe scholar, and a man of no little literary ability. He was 
a representative from Now Gloucester to the General Court 
of Massachusetts in 1814-19. It was while he was a rep- 
resentative in 1814, discussing the proposition to send dele- 
gates to the Hartford Convention, that ho made his famous 
speech against the national administration, in which he ut- 
tered the memorable declaration that he was " ready to take 
the constitution in one hand and a sword in the other, and 
demand at Washington the constitutional rights of the peo- 
ple." He was Senator in 1818, and it was during that year 
that he had his memorable controversy with Gen. King, a 
Senator from Lincoln County. 

Four of Gen. Fe.ssenden's sons were educated for the 
bar, three for medicine, and one for the pulpit. Three 
were in Congress in 1864, viz.: Samuel C, a Repre.senta- 
tative from the Third Congressional District of Maine ; 
William Pitt, the distinguishtid Senator from Maine; and 
Thomas A. D., elected from the Oxford district, to fill the 
unexpired term of Judge Walton. 

William Pitt Fessenden, the oldest son, was born in 
1806, and early manifested remarkable mental jinwcrs. He 
entered college before he was thirteen, and graduated 
before he was seventeen years of age. He studied his pro- 
fession with Charles S. Daveis, of Portland, whose able 
counsel and superior line of practice cultivated and dev(?l- 
oped that activity of mind, tho.sc brilliant powers which 
carried him with undeviating step to the head of the bar 
in Maine, and to the leadership in the Senate of the United 
States, and would have given him the highest seat on the 
bench of the Supreme Court of the State if he would have 
been willing to sacrifice tlie noble aspirations of political 
for the ([uiet and solid nnvards of judicial ofiice. 

Mr. Fessenden was elected first to Congress in lS4tl ; 



he had been sent to the Legislature in 1832 and in 1840, 
and was four times subsequently returned to that body after 
his first term in Congress. In 1854 he was elected to the 
Senate of the United States; was re-elected in 1859, and 
continued in the Senate till he was appointed Secretary of 
the Treasury in 1864, in which office he remained till 
March, 1865, when he was again elected to the Senate, and 
remained Senator until his death in 1869. 

Albion K. Parris, the second Governor of Maine, was 
born at Hebron, in this State, Jan. 19, 1788. He was the 
seventh in descent from Thomas Parris, of London, through 
John, Thomas, Thomas (2d), Benjamin, and Samuel, his 
father. He graduated in 1806, at Dartmouth College, and 
studied law with Chief Justice Whitman, first at New Glou- 
cester and then at Portland, completing his preparation in 
the latter place, and being admitted to the Cumberland bar 
in 1809. He immediately establi-shed himself in Paris, 
Oxford Co. From that period his career in politics and in 
the line of his profession was one almost, if not entirely, 
unprecedented in the history of the county. He went on 
from one office to another in rapid succession, in some 
instances new places being found for him before he had 
fulfilled the time of the old. In 1811 he was appointed 
county attorney for Oxford County. In 1813 he was 
elected to the General Court of Massachusetts. In 1814 
he was chosen Senator for the counties of Oxford and 
Somerset, and in November of the same year was elected 
member of Congress ; he was re-elected to the Fifteenth 
(Congress, and while discharging the duties of Representative 
was appointed judge of the United States District Court 
for Maine, as the succes.sor of Judge Sewall. In this year 
(1818) he moved to Portland, and the next year (1819) 
was chosen a delegate to the convention to frame a consti- 
tutiou for the new State. On the admi.ssion of the State 
into the Union (1820) he was appointed judge of probate 
for Cumberland County (at the same time he was holding 
the office of United States District Judge), to succeed the 
veteran Samuel Freeman, who had held the office sixteen 
years as the successor of Judge Gorhani. In 1821 he was 
elected Governor of Maine, and, by successive elections, con- 
tinued to hold the office five years. He was very popular, 
and his administration satisfactory. At its expiration he 
was elected to the United States Senate in the place of 
.John Holmes, whose term of office expired March 8, 1827. 
In June, 1828, he was appointed Associate Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the State, in the place of Judge Preble, 
who resigned on account of his appointment as United 
States Minister to the Hague. 

It is but justice to say that Judge Parris received un- 
qualified approval from the bar and the community for the 
ability, ]ir()niptness, and impartiality of his decisions. But 
hardly had he ripened his judicial powers and prepared the 
way for fame on the bench when he was called by President 
Van Buren, in 1836, to the office of Second Comptroller of 
the Treasury of the United States, — an honorable position 
and one of more emolument and ease than he had hitherto 
held. He conducted the aff"airs of this office with his usual 
promptness and fidelity for a period of fourteen years, — 
through the administraticms of Van Buren, Harri.son, Tyler, 
Polk, and Taylor, — retiring and returning to Portland in 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



91 



1850. In 1852 lie w;is chosen uiayov of" the city, the dis- 
chars^e of the duties of which office was his hist public 
service. He declined a second noniinatiou, and for the 
remainder of liis life reposed quietly on his many and 
well-earned laurels. He died February 11, 1857. 

Charles Stewart Daveis was amon^; the best-read 
and most highly cultivated lawyers of Maine. He was 
born in Portland, May 10, 1788. His father, Captain 
Ebenezer Daveis, was a native of Haverhill, Mass., and an 
officer in the war of the Revolution He came to Port- 
land at the close of the war, where he died in 1799, leav- 
ing only this one son. Captain Daveis was a htrge, well- 
proportioned man, with a military air and ea.sy, graceful 
manners. 

Mr. Daveis, the subject of thi.s notice, received the rudi- 
ments of his education at the common .schools of Portland, 
then attended the famous Phillips Academy (the branch at 
Andover), and graduated at Bowdoin College in 1807. He 
immediately entered as student-at-law in the office of Nicho- 
las Emery, who had recently removed to Portland from 
Parsonsfield, with a high reputation as a lawyer and advo- 
cate. Mr. Daveis while studying law also indulged his 
literary taste in writing. He wrote both poetry and prose 
with facility and grace of style, being a frequent contributor 
to the old Portland Gazette, whose columns he much en- 
livened. The staple of his time was, however, devoted to 
the preparation for the bar, to which he was duly admitted 
in 1810. 

He commenced practice in his native town, which coii- 
tiimed to be the scene of his labors, trials, and triumphs. 
He was among the first to engage in equity practice in the 
State, at a time when the system was unpopular, both with 
the bench and the bar. In this and the admiralty courts 
Mr. Daveis took a prominent and leading place, so that his 
reputation and business were widely extended, and his pro- 
fessional services eagerly sought after. He became more 
familiar with the science of law, especially in its relation to 
equity and admiralty practice, than any man in the State, 
until that department, chiefly through his independent 
labors, had become of sufficient importance to attract others 
to its study. He was a fine forensic orator, although, from 
his exhaustive habits of study and copiousness of illus- 
tration, rather disposed to overload his effijrts with a 
superabundance of citations, and render prolix what would 
otherwise be clear, forcible, and beautiful. 

Mr. Daveis was equally skilled in the principles of com- 
mon law; he kept up fully with the rapid progress of litera- 
ture, was a copious writer, and was often called upon for 
occasional addresses. Among these was an address before 
the Portland Benevolent Society in 1813 ; a funeral oration 
upon Adams and Jefferson in 1826 ; a Latin address at 
Brunswick in 1839, upon the occasion of the inauguration 
of Dr. Woods as president of Bowdoin College ; and others. 
lie alsodrew up the able and feeling series of resolutions 
upon the death of Chief Justice Story, which were pre- 
sented at a meeting of. the bar of the Circuit Court of the 
United States, at which Mr. Longfellow presided. He 
early engaged with ardor in the discussion of the questions 
relating to the northeastern boundary, and in 1827 was ap- 
[lointed by Governor Lincoln agent of the State to inquire 



into facts relating to it. In that year he made an able re- 
port to the Governor on the subject, which occupies twenty 
octavo pages in the documents of the Legislature. In 1838 
he was appointed a special agent in the matter by the gen- 
eral government, in pursuance of which he repaired to 
Washington, and discharged the duties of his position with 
discretion and ability. 

Mr. Daveis was Senator from Cumberland County to the 
State Legislature in 1841, and was appointed chairman of 
the joint select committee on the Northeastern Boundary. 
His report on this subject was an able document. He was 
one of the early members of the Maine Historical Society, 
and a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Harvard 
College. Bowdoin College in 1844 conferred upon him the 
degree of Doctor of Laws. He died March 29, 1805. 

William Pitt Preble, a distinguished member of the 
bench and bar of this county, was a native of York, having 
been born in that part of the county called Scotland Parish, 
on the 27th of November, 1783. He descended from a 
long line of illustrious ancestors. Abraham Preble, who 
came from England to Scituate. Ma.ss., in 1037, in 1642 
purchased of Edward Godfrey, the agent of Sir Ferdinando 
Gorges, a tract of land in Agamenticus, now York, where 
he settled and continued to reside till his death, in 1663. 
In 1645 he was one of the council of the government of 
New Somersetshire, which was established by Gorges, and 
was the first civil government in Maine. He continued to 
hold the office as long as that government was maintained. 
He was a member of the General Court of the province, 
one of the commissioners to hold county courts, treasurer, 
and the chief military officer of the province. His de- 
scendants have been distinguished in the history of Maine 
ever since that time. His son, Benjamin, filled many im- 
portant positions. His great-grandson, Brig. -Gen. Preble, 
of Portland, was not only con.spicuous in public affairs for 
half a century, but was the father of the renowned Com. 
Edward Preble, and of Ebenezer and Henry, distinguished 
merchants, as well as of Enoch, an able ship-master. 

Judge Preble's father was Bsaias, the son of Samuel, who 
was second in descent from the common ancestor, Abraham. 

William Pitt Preble graduated at Harvard College in 
1806, taking high rank for scholarship, especially mathe- 
matics. He studied law in Topsham and Brunswick, com- 
pleting his apprenticeship, in the latter place, under the 
instruction of Mr. Orr, and commenced practice in York, 
whence he removed to Alfred, and in 1811 was appointed 
county attorney for York County. In 1813 he moved to 
Saco. In 1814 he received from President Madison the 
appointment of United States attorney for the district of 
Maine, as successor to Silas Lee, who died that year. In 
1818 he moved to Portland, where he ever after continued 
to reside. He entered the profe.ssion with a clear, discrimi- 
nating mind, a high sense of honor, and a worthy ambition, 
and consequently made rapid progress toward the higher 
eminences of legal science which he ultimately attained. 

In 1820, on the separation of the State from Massachu- 
setts, Mr. Preble was appointed one of the three judges of 
the Supreme Court of Maine. The decisions of this court 
which emanated from him exhibit the soundness of argu- 
ment and perspicuity of statement ti)r which all his written 



92 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



productions were roniarkablo. He i-otlrod from tliis honor- 
able position, in 182S, to iicccpt an iniporlaiit diplomatic 
service, having been appointed by Presidotit Jackson Min- 
ister Plenipotentiary to the Ha<;ue, to represent the interests 
of tills country in the northeastern boundary line question, 
which the government had submitted to the arbitration of 
the king of Holland. Judge Preble was associated with 
Mr. Gallatin, .Minister to the Court of St. James, in the 
management of ibis famous case. The king of Holland 
made his award in January, 1831, not upon its merits and 
proofs, but recommending a compromise. Judge Preble 
returned home to resist its acceptance by our government. 
He was sustained by the government and people of Maine, 
and was appointed an agent to proceed to Washington for 
the purpose of enforcing the rights of the State. There 
was a disposition on the part of the government to accept 
the award, which made the task of Judge Preble difficult 
and laborious. The matter was not settled at this time, and 
in 1832 Judge Preble was again appointed at the head of 
a commission, of whom Reuel Williams and Nicholas Emery 
were the other members, under whom an agreement was 
entered into in July, 1832, by which Maine was to cede to 
the United States the territory in dispute in lieu of a grant 
of a million acres of land in Michigan. Meantime, renewed 
negotiations were opened with Great Britain for the estab- 
lishment of the line upon the basis of the treaty of 1783. 
Tiiese were protracted ; irritation increased to exasperation 
on both sides until it broke out in what was called the 
Aroostook war iu 1839. The difficulty was not finally 
settled until the English government, in 1841, sent over 
Lord Ashburton, with full powers to adjust by compromise 
or otherwise the vexed question. This resulted in the 
Webster- Ashburton treaty of August, 1842. Judge Preble's 
agency in the difficult controversy did not terminate till the 
question was settled, his last act in it being in the capacity 
of one of the commissioners chosen by the Maine Legislature, 
in 1842, to adjust the terms of settlement with the State. 

The connection of Judge Preble with the most important 
improvement of his time — the opening of the Atlantic and 
St. Lawrence Railroad, now the Grand Trunk Railway — 
has been referred to in the history of railroads in a previous 
chapter. It should be added here that, on the 30tli of 
November, 1845, Judge Preble sailed for England to advo- 
cate in that country the interests of the company. In 
London he met emissaries who had been sent to create a 
prejudice against the route to Portland, and divert the road 
to Boston. Incredible eflorts were made for this purpo.se, 
and it was with great difficulty that Judge Preble could get 
a hearing. He was greatly assisted by the presence of Mr. 
Gait, the able representative of the Canadian road, and their 
exertions were partially successful. He returned in Febru- 
ary, 1846. The next movement was to settle the terms of 
union with the Canada conii)any. This was accomplished 
to mutual satisfaction in April, and the road went on. 

Among the papers which Judge Preble wrote in connec- 
tion with the inception of this grand enterprise were " An 
Address to the Citizens of Montreal," in 1845, " An Address 
to Mr. Gladstone, the English Colonial Secretary," in 1846, 
and "A Memorial to the Governor-General of Canada," in 
1847. All these pajiers bear the marks of his usual ability. 



As one of the most influential politicians of the State, 
Judge Preble exerted his great strength in behalf of the 
separation of Maine from Massachusetts, which was consum- 
mated in 1820. As an effective orator and speaker, he has 
been thus spoken of: " When all his faculties were raised 
into activity by the excitement of a great occasion bis mind 
worked with the greatest ease, and he was capable on such 
occa.sions of bringing out an argument that, by its strength 
of reasoning, force of illustration, and effective eloquence, 
gave him the mastery over others." 

In 1812 the number of practicing attorneys in the county 
was forty-three ; nineteen of them were in Portland. In 
1831 the number in the county was fifty-seven, of whom 
thirty-three resided in Portland. In 1840 the number of 
lawyers in the State was four hundred and thirty-seven, of 
whom sixty-six belonged to the Cumberland bar. In 1850 
the number practicing in the State was five hundred and 
twenty-nine, sixty-five of whom resided in Portland. 

Ether Shepley. — Chief Justice Shepley was the 
.second son of John Shepley, of Groton, Mass., and Mary, 
widow of Capt. Thurlow of the Revolutionary army, a 
daughter of Deacon Gibson Stowe. He was born in Gro- 
ton, Nov. 2, 1789, and took his degree at Dartmouth Col- 
lege in 1811. He began the study of law with Dudley 
Hubbard, of South Berwick, Me., continued with Zabdiel 
Adams, of Worcester County, and finished with Solomon 
Strong, of Hampshire, being admitted in 1814, in which 
year he settled in Saco and commenced practice. In 1819 
he was elected to represent Saco in the General Court. In 
February, 1821, he was appointed United States attorney 
for the district of Maine, as successor to William Pitt Pre- 
ble, who was placed on the bench of the Supreme Court. 
This office he held till he was elected United States Senator 
from Maine in 1833. He remained in the Senate till Sep- 
tember, 1836, when he was appointed to the bench of the 
Supreme Court, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation 
of Judge Parris. In 1848 be was appointed chief justice, 
as the successor of Judge Whitman, and discharged the 
duties of this high office with signal ability till 1855, when, 
his constitutional term of seven years having expired, he 
retired from the bench with an exalted and unsullied repu- 
tation. His opinions are among the ablest in the Maine 
Reports. He prepared the Revised Statutes published in 
1857. A short time previous to his death, which occurred 
July 20, 1878, Dartmouth College conferred upon him the 
honorary degree of LL.D. 

Hon. William Willis was born in Haverhill, Mass., 
Aug. 31, 1794, and was the second child of Benjamin and 
Mary (McKinstry) Willis, who removed to Portland with 
their family in 1803. William wa.s fitted tor college at the 
Phillips Exeter Academy, and graduated at Harvard in 
1813. He studied law in Boston, whither the family had 
removed after a short sojourn from Portland, and was ad- 
mitted to tlie Suffolk bar in 1S17, in which year he opened 
a law office in Boston. Mr. Willis being invited by Prentice 
Mellen, became a law-partner with him, in which relation 
he continued till the admission of Maine as a State in 1820, 
and the appointment of Mr. Mellen to the office of chief 
justice of the Supremo Court. He then practiced by him- 
self till 1835, when he became a partner with Hon. Wil- 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



93 



Ham Pitt Fessenden, with whom he practiced continunusly 
for a period of twenty years. 

Ou the 1st of September, 1823, he married Julia, daugh- 
ter of Hon. Ezekiel Whitman, by whom he had nine chil- 
dren. The parents survived them all, the mother dying- 
April 2, 1872. 

Mr. Willis was a well-read, able lawyer, and by his ster- 
ling integrity, purity and elevation of character, and by his 
habits of exactness and accuracy as a counsel and convey- 
ancer, sustained a high reputation. He continued busy in 
his profession till near the close of his life, although a 
large share of his time and attention were devoted to his- 
torical and literary pursuits. It is chiefly by his great and 
arduous labors in this direction that he will be known and 
appreciated by future generations. We have thought it 
most appropriate to give this portion of Mr. Willis' life in 
the chapter on authors, where a catalogue of his works will 
be found.* 

Judge Ashur Ware was a graduate of Harvard Col- 
lege, and was admitted to practice in Sufl'olk County in 
1816 ; the next year he came to Portland and was admitted 
to the Cumberland bar. Here he found, besides the elders 
whose names have appeared in the foregoing pages, a class 
of young men, destined to uphold the high character of the 
bar and to adorn the profession. Among these were Eben- 
ezer Everett, of Brunswick ; Joseph Adams, of Gorham ; 
William Barrows, of North Yarmouth, whose early death 
was greatly lamented ; Thomas A. Deblois, Bellamy Storer, 
afterwards judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio ; and John 
Anderson, whose successful career at the bar and in politics 
will be briefly noticed hereafter. 

Mr. Ware's principal object in coming to Portland was 
to take editorial charge of the Eastern Argus, which he 
immediately did, giving a new character to the paper. He 
warmly advocated the policy of separation from Massachu- 
setts, and upon the admission of the State into the Union 
was rewarded by the office of Secretary of State, which he 
held till the election of Judge Parris as Governor, when he 
was appointed his successor on the bench of the United 
States Court for the district of Maine in 1822. When he 
entered upon his duties the admiralty law in this State was 
in a crude and imperfect condition. There were no settled 
rules established in regard to it, and no published decisions. 
He went to work at once to investigate its principles, and 
to establish a code of procedure based upon the laws and 
usages of commercial enterprise from the earliest time. 
His numerous decisions on all branches of this obscure and 
diflicult science gave it a permanent form, and placed him 
among the most eminent jurists of this or any age. 

The first volume containing the decisions of Judge Ware, 
from 1822, was published in 1849, in an octavo volume of 
four hundred and forty-three pages. Others were published 
from time to time in the Law Reporter and other periodicals. 

Besides, he was a most indefatigable student of general 
literature, and constantly employed his pen in able and pro- 
found discussions of legal and other topics. He prepared 
several articles for Bouvier's new Dictionary, among them 
a treatise on " Admiralty Jurisdiction," "The Duty of 

* Mr. Willis was a member of the State Senate in 185o. 



Masters of Vessels," " Privileged Debts," etc. He pre- 
pared also an elaborate treatise on " The Limitations of the 
Government of the United States under its Constitutional 
Powers." In his writings and addresses his classical knowl- 
edge was beautifully displayed without pedantry, and in a 
rich and forcible style which shows at once his deep vein 
of thought and his fine command of language. 

Judge Ware married Sarah Morgridge, and had one son 
and two daughters. The son, Joseph Ware, graduated at 
Bowdoin College in 1851 ; became a lawyer, and practiced 
in Portland till his death. 

Judge Ware resigned his position on the bench in the 
spring of 1866, having nobly discharged the duties of judge 
of the United States Court for the district of Maine for 
a period of forty-four years. 

George Foster Shepley, late judge of the Circuit 
Court of the United States, was the second son of the dis- 
tinguished Chief Justice, Ether Shepley, and Anna (Foster) 
Shepley. He was born in Saeo, Me., on the 1st of Janu- 
ary, 1819, and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1837, at 
the early age of eighteen. 

Having chosen the legal profession, he entered the law 
school at Cambridge, where he had the privilege of the in- 
struction of Judge Story and Professor Greenleaf. How 
faithfully and well he improved that privilege is shown by 
the high rank as a lawyer he quickly won and ever main- 
tained. 

When only twenty years old he was admitted to practice, 
and commenced business at Bangor as a partner of the late 
Joshua W. Hathaway, who was soon after made an associ- 
ate justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Maine. 

About 1844 he removed to Portland and formed a busi- 
ness connection with Hon. Joseph Howard. In 1848, Mr. 
Howard was appointed a justice of the highest court in 
Maine, and Mr. Shepley assumed the responsibility of a 
large and important business, with the confident assurance 
of all who had observed him, that young as he was, he was 
equal to the work he undertook. He associated with him 
John W. Dana, Esq., now deceased, and was recognized as 
in the foremo.st rank of the bar, which numbered among 
its active members Gen. Samuel Fessenden- Thomas Amory 
Deblois, William Pitt Fessenden, R. H. L. Codman, Ed- 
ward Pox, and other distinguished counselors. 

In 1853 he was made United States District Attorney 
for Maine, by President Pierce, and held the position till 
June, 1861, having been rc-appointcd in 1857 by President 
Buchanan. While occupying that office, though called 
upon to conduct many important and difficult causes for the 
government, he retained the large private practice of former 
years, and constantly added to his professional reputation. 

Though entertaining strong political convictions in sym- 
pathy with the Democratic party, up to 1861 he did not 
to any great extent participate in political afiairs. But he 
was too prominent a person to be permitted to abstain 
wholly from the excitement of party conflicts, and in 1850 
was elected State Senator. He occasionally addressed con- 
ventions and took part in political discussions, never failing 
to add to his reputation and influence. In 1860 he was a 
delegate-at-large to the National Democratic Convention at 
Charleston, and attended its adjourned session at Baltimore. 



94 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Tlic Maine dolcpitiDii was divided live to throe, — five for 
Mr. Doii<;las and three for Mr. Guthrie. Aiiiorif; tiie latter 
wa.s Jud^o ShepU^y. He took a prominent part in the con- 
vention, and tlio speech which he made in response to the 
call for the State of Maine became famous. In the eam- 
paif^n which followed he .supported Mr. Douglas. 

Upon the election of President Lincoln he wa.s not found 
among those who sympathized with, or apologized for, the 
attempt to break up the Union. He was true to his con- 
victions, and on Sept. 27, 1801, accepted a commission as 
colonel of the 12th Maine Volunteers, a regiment raised to 
form part of the New England division of Gen. Benj. F. 
Butler. He left Portland with his command Nov. 24, 1861, 
for Lowell, Mass., where he remained till Jan. 1, 1802 ; on 
the 12th of February, 1802, he arrived at Ship Island, and 
on the 22d of the same month, by General Order No. 2, of 
Department of the Gulf, was placed in command of the 3d 
Brigade, consisting of the 12th, 13th, 14th, and 15th 
Maine, the 30th Massachusetts Regiments, the 1st Maine 
Battery, and Magee's cavalry. 

On the occupation of New Orleans he was made military 
commandant of that city. In this arduous and responsible 
place, he so administered affairs as to win the respect and 
aft'ections of the conquered and embittered inhabitants, and 
to secure the confidence and approval of those above him. 
His duties were both civil and military, and in both he 
manifested prudence, energy, and ability, which were re- 
peatedly commended, and on the 3d day of June, 1862, 
were honorably recognized by his appointment by President 
Lincoln, upon the recommendation of the Secretary of War, 
as Military Governor of the State of Louisiana, " with full 
powers, including the power to establish all necessary oEBces 
and tribunals and suspend the wi'it of hahcas corpiig." 
July 20th he was appointed brigadier-general to rank from 
July 18, 1802. As Military Governor of Louisiana he 
fully sustained the high reputation he had established as 
commandant of the city. 

Upon the inauguration of a civil Governor, he was, at his 
own request, relieved by the President, and ordered to re- 
port again to the adjutant-general of the army for service 
in the field. When he left New Orleans, loading and influ- 
ential citizens testified their appreciation of his administra- 
tion by an address commencing as follows : 

"Wc, citizens of New Orleans, avail ouiselves of the opportunity 
afforded us by the close of your official career among us, to give ex- 
pression to the sentinieiits of regard and esteem with which your 
character and eouduet have inspired us. For nearly two years you 
have performed the delicate and arduous dulies of Military (iovernor 
of Louisiana in a manner beyond all praise, winning in your official 
capacity the respect of the whole community, and by your social vir- 
tues converting all who have enjoyed the jileasure of your acquaint- 
ance into warm personal friends." 

Upon being relieved in Louisiana he was ordered to re- 
port for duty in the Department of Virginia and North 
Carolina, and was placed in command of the military dis- 
trict of Eastern Virginia. This district included Fortress 
Monroe, Newport News, Yorktown, Williamsburg, Norfolk, 
and Portsmouth, with the line of defense known as Getty's 
line, the ea.stern shore of Virginia, and that portion of 
North Carolina north of Albemarle Sound. He again took 
the field as chief-of-staff to Maj.-Gcn. Weitzel, acting in 



that capacity, and for a short time, during the ab.sence of 
Gen. Weitzel, commanding the 25tli Army Corps. He 
continued with the Army of the James to the end of the 
campaign, entering Richmond with Gen. Weitzel's com- 
mand, — which were the first troops to enter that city after 
its fall, — and was appointed the first Military Governor of 
that city. At the close of the war he resigned his com- 
mission, July 1, 1865. 

In the early part of his military career he was tendered 
a nomination for Congress by the Democrats of this district, 
but declined in a letter in which he said his highest ambi- 
tion was to see his country at peace and prosperous again, 
and to be himself at liberty to return to the practice of his 
profession. 

In November, 1865, he was appointed an associate justice 
of the Supreme Judicial (!ourt of this State, but declined 
the position. 

The events of the war and his own experiences led to a 
change of his political relations, and he became identified 
with the Republican party, by whom he was elected Rep- 
resentative to the State Legislature in 1800, in which he 
served with marked ability. 

Shortly after the close of the session lie resumed the 
practice of law, having formed a copartnership with A. A. 
Strout, E.sq., under the .style of " Shepley & Strout." But 
he was not long permitted to remain in a private station. 
When, in 1869, the judicial system of the United States 
was amended by an act providing for the appointment of 
circuit judges, he was, without seeking on his part, selected 
for the appointment in the first circuit. His commission 
was issued Dec. 22, 1869, and he at once entered upon the 
discharge of the laborious and responsible duties of that 
high judicial office. 

In the years of his judicial life he was constantly called 
upon to sit in difficult and important cases, and, by his 
knowledge, his acumen, and his impartiality, fully proved 
the wisdom of his selection for the judgeship. In matters 
of patent law his work has been especially severe, and those 
best qualified to estimate how he has performed that work 
are unanimous in his praise and in according to him the 
highest rank as a judge in that branch of the law. Nor 
has he fiiiled in any respect to meet the high anticipations 
of the public at the time of his appointment, but, rather, 
he has commanded the confidence and gained the ajiplause 
of the best and soundest lawyers throughout his circuit and 
the country. 

His mental faculties, originally of high order, were strength- 
ened and disciplined by constant .study. The range of his 
attainments was wide. His taste in literature and art was 
cultivated and refined. His eminence was fittingly recog- 
nized only a few weeks before his death, by the honorary 
degree of LL.D., conferred on him by his alma mater. 

Judge Shepley, as was well known to those intimate with 
him and enjoying his confidence, was ever a full and strong 
believer in the Holy Scriptures, but did not until recently 
publicly unite with any religious society. A little more 
than a year ago he joined the Episcopal Church and con- 
nected him.self with the St. Luke's Society of Portland. 
That he was a firm and devout believer in the truths of 
Christianity there is abundant evidence, and in that faith 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



95 



he daily grew stronger, and found increasing joy. His 
religious life was deep and sincere without ostentation or 
dogmatism. 

By nature ho was kindly and considerate to all men. 
His .sympathies were quick and his affection strong and 
enduring. Only those who have been permitted to see him 
in his own home, and surrounded by those whom he loved 
and trusted, can imagine how sweet his disposition was, and 
how he brought happiness to those around him. 

While living in Bangor he married Miss Lucy Hayes, by 
whom he had four children, — one son and three daughters. 
She died in 1859. Two of the daughters— Mrs. Sclfridge, 
wife of Commander T. 0. Selfridge (United States Navy), 
and Mrs. Tiffany, wife of a prominent lawyer of St. Louis 
— survive their father. In 1872, Judge Shepley married 
Miss Helen Merrill, daughter of the late Eliphalet IMerrill, 
who survives him. 

The obituary, published in the Press at the time of 
Judge Shepley's decease, to which we are principally in- 
debted for the above facts, closes as follows : 

" If the fullness of life is to be reckoned by the amount of work 
well done, we cannot feel that our honored fellow-citizen has been 
])reiuaturely cut off; but, as we remember how full of strength he 
.seemed and what capacity for usefulness yet remained to him, and 
what all men hoped from bin), we bow in sorrow at the sudden extin- 
gui.shing of his light." 

Judge Shepley died on the 20tb of July, 1878, in the 
sixtieth year of his age. 

For a more adequate .sketch of his life and cbaiacter than 
our limited space here permits, we must refer the reader to 
the eloquent tribute to his memory by distinguished mem- 
bers of the court and bar on the oecasiou of his decease, 
and the appropriate resolutions then passed. These will be 
found published with the proceedings of the Circuit Court, 
in pamphlet form. 

Judge Edward Fox, the successor of Judge Ware on 
the bench of the District Court of the United States, and 
the present incumbent of that responsible office, was born 
in Portland on the 10th of June, 1815. He graduated 
at Harvard College in 1834, and at the Harvard Law School 
in 18.37, in which year he commenced practice in Portland. 
His legal abilities and thorough preparation soon gave him 
command of a large professional practice, in which ho con- 
tinued without interruption for a period of twenty-five 
years. In 1862 he was appointed one of the judges of the 
Supreme Court of the State, a position which he honorably 
filled, but saw fit to resign in 18ti3, and returned again to 
the practice of his profes,sion. In June, 1866, he was ap- 
pointed as the successor of Judge Ware to the bench of 
the District Court of the United States, and has held the 
position ever since, discharging its duties with ability and 
fidelity. 

Judge Fox was married, in 1837, to Lucy Ellen Wins- 
low, daughter of Nathan Winslow, of Portland. By 
this marriage he has bad one son and one daughter, the 
former a graduate of Harvard College and Law School, 
who practiced law in Portland till shortly before his death, 
which occurred in 1877. His daughter is the wife of Gen. 
Francis Fessenden. 

Samuel A. Bradley, who had been a famous lawyer 



in Oxford County, and a friend and college cla.ssmate of 
Daniel Webster at Dartmouth, came to Portland in 1825, 
and engaged in speculations outaide of his profession, in 
which he accumulated large property. He died at the house 
of his brother Robert, in Fryeburg, Sept. 24, 1844, nearly 
seventy years of age. 

Judge Joseph Howard was born in the year 1800 at 
Brownfield, Oxford Co. At the time of his death he was 
seventy-seven years of age. His preliminary education was 
obtained at Fryeburg Academy. He graduated at Bowdoin 
College in 1821, taking a high rank in his class, and im- 
mediately commenced the study of law in the office of 
Judge Dana, at Fryeburg. He completed his studies in 
the office of Judge Daniel Goodenow, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1824. He first opened an office in Bridgton, 
Cumberland Co. Within a year John Burnham, a success- 
ful lawyer in Limerick, York Co., died suddenly, and Mr. 
Howard immediately removed there, where he remained in 
successful practice for twelve or fifteen years. While quite 
young he received the appointment of county attorney for 
York County, and very ably performed the duties of that 
office for about ten years. 

In 1837 he removed from Limerick to Portland, and 
soon after formed a partnership with Henry B. Osgood, his 
brother-in-law, their wives being the accomplished daugh- 
ters of Judge Dana and sisters of the late Governor, John 
W. Dana. After the decease of Mr. O.sgood, he and the 
late George F. Shepley, Judge of the United States Circuit 
Court, formed a partnership which continued till 1848, 
when the senior partner, Mr. Howard, was appointed a 
justice of the Supreme Judicial Court. Prior to that time 
he had for several years filled the office of United States 
Attorney for the District of Maine. When his term of 
office on the bench of the Supreme Court expired he was 
in the prime of life, and soon after formed a partnership 
with Sewall C. Strout, E.sq., of Portland, which firm con- 
tinued several years, when it was dissolved to enable the 
judge to associate with him m business his son-in-law, 
Nathan Cleaves, late judge of probate for Cumberland 
County. Afterwards Henry B. Cleaves, Esq., late solicitor 
for the city of Portland, was admitted as a member of the 
firm, which continued till the death of the subject of this 
notice. 

From the Memorial of Judge Howard in the sixty- 
.seventh volume of the Maine Reports, we select a few ex- 
tracts bearing upon his life and character. 
Hon. N. S. Littlefield said,— 

"The circumstances of his death were peculiar. On an early day 
in the month of December last ho left his home in this city with the 
intention of spending the balance of that day with his only brother 
and family, on the old homc.<tead in lirownfield, and of .s])ending the 
ncit day in Fryeburg, where the O.xford County December term of 
this court (Supreme Judicial) was being held by .fudge Virgin. Ar- 
riving at Brownfleld about noon, he went to his brother's home, and 
after dinner, it being pleasant, he went out alone and went over the 
farm on which ho was born. Failing to return as soon as expected, 
search was made, and his lifeless body was found not far from the 
dwelling- house. It was evident that death overtook him wliilo on his 
return from his e-xoursion. lie had in his hand a liumb of evergreen. 
emblematical of his memory, which will twine around our hearts lill 
tltey cease to beat. . . . 

" As a son, as a brother, as a husband, as a father, a.* a friend, as a 
man, and as a gentleman, he was all ihat could bo desired ; he was as 



96 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



near perfection ns hiimanily will allow. As a tounselor ho was in all 
respects I'oliablo nnd safe. As a prosecuting officer he was energetic 
aud thorough. As a judge he was patient, alVable, untiring, and an 
earnest seeker after truth. lie would rule a point against counsel in 
so kind and conciliatory a manner that the disappointment would be 
shorn, to a groat extent, of its unpleasantness. His opinions on 
questions of law are models of conciseness, not at the expense of jior- 
spicuity. Ho never buried his ideas in words." 

Sewall C. Stiout, Esq., .said, — 

" I had the pleasure of his intimate aequaintance for thirty years, 
nine of which I was his partner in the practice of law. This asso- 
ciation taught me to revere his character, and to love the man as a 
father. Few men ])OSseas the power of self-control which he habitu- 
ally exercised. . . . His tastes were pure and elevated. ... In his 
fricndshij>s he was tender nnd unselfish. His charities were numerous. 
... As a judge he worthily maintained the dignity of the bench." 

Judge Barrows said, — 

" I miss his presence and his cordial greeting, and in their stead 
I receive the funeral garland which your affectionate respect devotes 
to decorate his tomb; and I listen to the tribute you pay to departed 
worth, and strive to reeogniz-e the fact that in these scenes whore he 
has so long been busy he will appear no more forever." 

Nathan CiiiFFORD was bom in Rumney, Grafton Co., 
N. H., Aug. 18, 1803. His ancestors — of a well-known 
pjHglish family — emigrated to this country early in colonial 
times, and settled in the southern part of New Hampshire. 
His grandfather removed to Rumney, and lived there dur- 
ing his life. He served as an officer through the Revolu- 
tionary war, and was in all the important battles from 
Bunker Hill to Yorktown. The father of the judge also 
lived in Rumney until 1820, the time of his detitli. Nathan 
was the only son. His father, although a man much 
esteemed in the community where he lived, was poor, a 
farmer, and able to do little more than provide a comfort- 
able subsistence for his family. The mother was a woman 
of unusual strengtli and energy of character, and of great 
singleness and earnestness of purpose and action. The 
early formative influences to which the boy was subjected 
were of the purest and healthiest nature, for his was a 
home, although quite humble, in wliich the principles of 
honor and morality were both exemplified and taught. 
Parental affection liad, however, it seems, cherished no 
further expectations for the future of the son than tliat he 
should .succeed to his father's place and pursue the life 
which he had led. But, from an early age, different pur- 
poses had secretly filled the mind of young Clifford, who, 
from his youth, was impelled by a wish to acquire such 
knowledge as might qualify him for some more elevated 
station in life than the one in which he was born. He re- 
ceived the rudiments of ordinary education in the common 
schools of his native town ; but tlie instruction was of 
course meagre, and the terms comprised only those few 
months of the year in which farmers could spare their 
children from the duties and services of home. Such were 
the sources of the boy's learning until, at the age of four- 
teen years, he made known lo his parents a desire of ob- 
taining an education mare liberal than was within the reach 
of their means to afford him. Having overcome their re- 
sistance to his departure from home, and having obtained 
their reluctant eon.sent to become a pupil in Haveriiill Acad- 
emy, an institution of considerable standing in tho.se days, 



he found means to enter the school, and remained there for 
three years, — that is, until 1820. 

The struggles of his life may properly be said to have 
begun at the time when, bent upon the pursuit of knowl- 
edge, this young man first broke away from home and, 
relying almost exclusively upon his own efforts, entered 
upon a course of academical study. The expedient adopted 
by him for obtaining the necessary means of support was 
the common one of school-teaching in the common schools 
of the country towns of his native State. The proceeds 
were small, but they were sufficient. The three years of 
school life at Haverhill were subject to interruptions from 
this cause, but unflagging indu.stry made up for the ab- 
sences and brought rapid progress and high mental disci- 
pline. Subsequently to this, a year spent at the Literary 
Institution at New Hampton completed the young man's 
academical career, and ;it the expiration of that time, at the 
age of eighteen years, he entered the office of Hon. Josiah 
Quincy, a leading lawyer of triafton County, as a student 
at law. This choice of the profession of law was no acci- 
dent or sudden decision, but the result of a fixed and settled 
preference. The years of preparation had been years of 
close and intense study, and they had borne their fruit in a 
mind much matured, and in the production of practical views 
of life. The instructions of the academy had been supple- 
mented by a considerable stock of general reading, so that, 
in spite of many difficulties, Mr. Clifford had well fitted 
himself for the study of his chosen profession. To this he 
now devoted himself with what had already become charac- 
teristic assiduity. At the time of which we are writing, 
admission to the bar of New Hampshire could only be ob- 
tained by a candidate, not a college graduate, after a labori- 
ous preparation of five years ; but this, although inter- 
rupted still by the necessary resort to school-teaching, Mr. 
Clifl'ord had faithfully accomplished in 1827. He had also 
unaided, and to a very large extent by himself, pursued the 
course of classical and other study then prescribed for a 
New England college. With no little di.sappointnient, he 
had reliiKjuished the desire to pursue a college course, from 
the privileges of which, by the circumstances of his life at 
that time, he eousidered himself excluded. 

In May, 1827, he was admitted to practice in the Su- 
preme Court of his native State, and at once removed to 
the western part of Maine and established himself at the 
town of Newfield, in the county of York. Here his pro- 
fessional life really began, although, while a student, his 
intelligence and practical knowledge had led to his being 
not unfrequently intrusted with the management of cases 
of no little importance and intricacy. In consequence of 
early-acquired habits of study and reflection, and a memory 
of remarkable strength and accuracy, the young lawyer 
had brought with him into his newly-chosen field of prac- 
tice a substantial fund of legal knowledge and a capacity 
trained to apply it to the questions arising out of the busi- 
ness of men. He soon, conse(|uently, made his way to the 
confidence of the people among whom he lived, and found 
hitn.self in the po.ssession of a lucrative and increasing busi- 
ness. Not long after his settlement in Newfield, Mr. Clif- 
ford wais married to Hannah, the eldest daughter of Capt. 
James Ayer, at that time a leading citizen of the town. 




jy2iS2.^^i^ (^/c^^^-C^/2^ 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



97 



Like those of hei' husband, Mrs. Clitford's ancestors par- 
ticipated in the strufigles and sacrifiues of the Revolution. 
Hannah Aycr was quite youthful when she was married, 
and has now for fifty-two years been the constant companion 
of her husband throughout all the leading passages of his 
career. With him, and with undiminished faculties, she 
enjoys to-day the long, eventful, and honorable retrospect 
which their joint lives afford. A lengthy period of absence 
from the State, the larger part of each year of which has 
been spent in Washington, has almost entirely removed 
Mrs. Clifford from the society of Maine ; but in the sin- 
cere love of all who know her she holds a seat, from which, 
by no circumstances possible to her, can she ever be dis- 
placed. 

Mr. Clifford was early led towards political life, and has 
always been a Democrat. Notwitlistanding at the time of 
his coming to Newfield hardly a score of Democrats could 
be found in the town, he was, in 1830, elected by a large 
majority to represent it in the State Legislature, and three 
times was re-elected to the same office. In 1833 he was 
chosen Speaker of the House of Representatives, and in 
the following year again received the same honor. Con- 
tinued success accompanied him in the practice of his pro- 
fession, and in 1834 he was appointed attorney -general of 
the State. This office was then one requiring the exercise 
of the highest order of legal ability and acquirement, but 
this enlarged and more conspicuous stage of professional 
action served only in higher measure to illustrate and exem- 
plify the young attorney's talents and learning. 

In the exciting political contest of 1838, Mr. Clifford 
was nominated and elected to Congress from the First Con- 
gressional District of Maine, and was re-elected in 1840. 
He left Congress with an established reputation as an able 
and accomplished debater and an accurate parliamentarian. 
Although originally in favor of the re-election of Mr. Van 
Buren, he supported the nomination of Mr. Polk with ardor, 
and entered with great earnestness into that campaign. 
Mr. Clifford was in the conduct of an extensive practice 
when he was invited to become a member of the cabinet of 
Mr. Folk as Attorney-General of the United States. The 
office was congenial to the tastes of the new incumbent, and 
in the channel of his life-long studies and practice. His 
administration of its duties was such as to show himself a 
worthy successor of any that had preceded him in that high 
station. While a member of the cabinet he was appointed 
commissioner to exchange the ratifications of peace between 
this country and Mexico at the close of the Mexican war. 
After the establishment of peace between the two countries 
the commissioner remained in Mexico, under a new ap- 
pointment as envoy extraordinary and minister plenipoten- 
tiary. In 1849, having returned to this country, he re- 
moved to the city of Portland, which has ever since re- 
mained his place of residence. Here he again returned to 
the practice of the law, which he followed until his appoint- 
ment as associate justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States by President Buchanan, in 1858. 

When Mr. Justice Clifford took his seat upon the bench 
of the Supreme Court nearly all the district judges were 
old men, almost past service, and the appointment of cir- 
cuit judges had not then been authorized by the act of Con- 
13 



gress. The dockets were crowded with cases, many of long 
standing, and, as a con.sequeuce, an enormous amount of 
labor was devolved upon the new judge. To this he ap- 
plied himself with great energy. The incessant labor, how- 
ever, of several years was required before the business was 
reduced to the dimensions of the current cases. For sev- 
eral years the judge took scarcely a day of vacation, but all 
of the year not consumed in attendance upon the Supreme 
Court was spent in the performance of circuit duties. 

As a Federal judge, it is not now necessary to say any- 
thing of the distinguished subject of this notice. His 
active judicial life is still a part of the present time, and 
his character and abilities are the subjects of every-day 
honor and respect. His opinions delivered in the Supreme 
Court form a respectable part, both in number and impor- 
tance, of forty volumes of the reports of the court, to wit : 
Howard, Black, Wallace, and Otto. His judgments upon 
the circuit are, in part, embodied in four volumes of " Clif- 
ford's Reports," edited by his son, William Henry Clifford, 
Esq., of the Cumberland bar. For several years Judge 
Clifford has been the senior justice of the court, and after 
the death of Chief Justice Chase, became acting chief jus- 
tice. 

This sketch would still be incomplete if Judge Clifford's 
selection as president of the electoral commission of 1877 
should be omitted. The events of that memorable period 
are still recent, the recollection of them fresh in the public 
mind, and many of the actors still survive. The time, 
therefore, for an analysis of the merits of the decision in 
connection with the lives of any of the members of that 
tribunal has not yet come. But whatever may be the ver- 
dict of history concerning the motive or character of the 
final adjudication of that great committee, Americans of the 
present generation will bear witness that the calmness, wis- 
dom, and justice of the venerable presiding officer's rulings 
and decisions evoked, in the heat of discussion, a frank and 
universal admiration. Agreeing with the minority of that 
body, the president delivered an opinion upon the question 
of the Florida returns, and declined to give any judgments 
upon the votes of the other contested States. 

Six years ago Judge Clifford was privileged to retire from 
the bench, with the liberal pension provided by law. But 
retirement from active duty is not in accordance with his 
habits or disposition. He is still in vigorous health and in 
the full possession of matured faculties, trained and dis- 
ciplined by great study and a most varied experience. He 
has outlived the most of his generation, and still exhibits 
no signs of bodily or mental decay. He has crowned the 
life of a distinguished lawyer with what seems its most fit- 
tin-' ending, the character of a wise and great judge. In- 
dustry, truthfulness, and fidelity are the prominent traits of 
the judge's character. He has, however, always been no- 
ticeable for extreme suavity of disposition and urbanity of 
manner, in a combination at least not usual, to wit: with 
o-reat force of character and unyielding determination in the 
face of difficulties. That roughness or ruggedness of bear- 
in", which in many most estimable men seems to be the 
concomitant of energy, is in him supplanted by a sincere 
politeness of nature, by a gentleness which shows that great 
force of will is not inconsistent with kindness and consider- 



98 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



ation for the feelings of others. Witli him, an indomitable 
mental and moral constitution is cioihcd with a mild and 
gracious exterior, and still he is essentially a self-made man. 
During the scenes of a most active life, he has found time 
to repair the defects of the education of early years. His 
judicial writings exhibit a clear, compact, and weighty style, 
and his memorial notices of some of his bri>thren who have 
fallen asleep, their day of labor ended, abound with grace 
and tenderness of expression. The colleges of New England 
liave not failed in a recognition of his acquisitions and 
learning. Bowdoin and Dartmouth Colleges and Brown 
and Harvard Universities have at different times conferred 
upon him their degrees of Doctor of Laws. 

Judge Clifford's fame rests on the abiding foundation of 
substantial worth and years of conscientious devotion to ex- 
alted duty. Among men he is truly to be considered happy, 
for he is living in the ripe season of a long and well spent 
life, rich in honors, in the highest station, with none of the 
infirmities of age, surrounded by the love and veneration of 
numerous descendants, having deserved and won the cordial 
regard and respect of his country. 

Hon. Bion Bradbitry. — His father, Jeremiah Brad- 
bury, a native of Saco, Me., commenced the practice of 
law in Biddeford, removed to South Berwick, and was ap- 
pointed by President Madison collector of the port of York, 
which place he held until 1820, when he was appointed 
clerk of thi courts, and removed to Alfred. He held this 
office for twenty years, and removed to Calais, Me., where 
he resided till his death, in 1848. 

His mother, Mary Langdon, was daughter of Capt. Seth 
Storer, of Saco, and granddaughter of Mrs. John Storer, of 
Wells, who was sister of Governor Langdon of New Hamp- 
shire, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independ- 
ence. Mr. Bradbury's paternal grandfather was a captain 
of the Revolution. 

Bion Bradbury was born in Biddeford, York Co., Me., 
Dec. 6, 1811. He received his academic education at 
Gorham and South Berwick Academies, and graduated at 
Bowdoin College in 1830. For the year 1831 he was pre- 
ceptor of Alfred Academy. He commenced the study of 
law at Alfred with Hon. Daniel Goodenow, completed his 
legal studies with Hon. William Pitt Preble, of Portland, 
and was admitted to the bar at Alfred, York Co., in May, 
1834. In July of the same year he commenced practice in 
Calais, Washington Co., Me., nnd soon after formed a law 
partnership with Hon. Anson G. Chandler, which continued 
until 1838, when Mr. Chandler was appointed to the bench. 
In 1842 he was a member of the State Legislature from 
Calais, and served on important committees. He was ap- 
pointed collector of customs at Eastport, Me., in 1844 
re-api)oitited by President Polk, and received a second re- 
appointment by President Pierce. He w;is member of the 
State Legislature from Eastport in 184!) and 1850, a 
member of the National Democratic Convention held at 
Cincinnati in 185(J, and also at Charleston and Baltimore 
in 18G0. He was Democratic candidate for Con"ress in 
the Sixth District of Maine in 1858, and defeated by a 
bare majority. In 18G2 he was elected to the Legislature 
from Eastport, as a war Democrat, by the unanimous vote 
of both parties, and in 18()3 was the Democratic candidate 



for Governor.* During all his official relations he continued 
the practice of the law, and since his removal to Portland, 
in 1804, has remained constant in the duties of his profe.s- 
sion. As a lawyer, Mr. Bradbury is learned, cautious in 
advising litigation, ever giving counsel in favor of compro- 
mise and settlement of disputes, and to a remarkable degree 
always retains the confidence of both parties. As an advo- 
cate, he is persuasive with the jury, skillful in the examina- 
tion of witnes,ses, graceful and spirited in his oi'atory. As 
a legislator, he was one of the foremost debaters, and con- 
trolled largely the policy of his party, who sought his advice 
constantly. He always took an active part in all matters 
of local. State, and national legislation. Not less to be ad- 
mired as a citizen and neighbor, he possesses a well-balanced 
mind, an evenness of temperament that controls his action at 
all times, a frankness of manner that places friends and 
strangers alike at ease while engaged in conversation, a 
sympathetic heart for the needy, a kind word ever ready to 
cheer the less fortunate, and whether surrounded by his 
fiimily, engaged in a perplexing case of litigation, or in 
anxious debate in the halls of legislation, he is ever the 
courteous, genial, and agreeable gentleman. He married in 
1837 Alice, daughter of Johnson Williams, of Brooklyn, 
N. Y., and afterwards for many years a resident of Water- 
ville. Me. They have five children living, — Albert W., a 
practicing lawyer in Portland ; Bion, Jr., attached to the 
Coast Survey ; Mary Langdon, widow of the late Charles 
C. Wells ; Alice, wife of Charles F. Libby, Portland ; and 
Marcia Dow Bradbury. 

Hon. Elbridge Gerry, youngest son of Peter and 
Mary Gerry, was born in Waterfbrd, Oxford Co., in the 
then province of Maine, Dec. 6, 1813. His father, a native 
of Harvard, Mass., at an early age, with a view to the im- 
provement of his health, emigrated to Maine, to engage in 
the arduous life of a pioneer, clearing the forests and making 
himself a future home. He was a good specimen of the 
sturdy stock that in the earlier days conquered our rude soil, 
leveled our forests, created our towns, founded our churches 
and schools, and lifted the province of Maine into the 
dignity of an independent State. He married Miss Mary 
Cutler, of Sudbury, Mass., a refined and attractive woman. 
For several years he was a Representative in the State Legis- 
lature. He was laborious, thrifty, and exact in the man- 
agement of his own affairs as well as of those intrusted to 
his care, and was universally esteemed for his integrity and 
conscientious fidelity to duty. Peter Gerry was a zealous 
and active member of the Methodist Church, and his house 
was the free and welcome home of the traveling preachers 
of that denomination. He was one of four persons to erect 
the first Methodist church in Waterford. 

With such an example before him, Elbridge Gerrj' could 
scarcely fail in the battle of life to win success. His boyish 
pursuits were full of vitality and energy. The gun and 
fishing-rod were his familiar companions, and the woods, 
the hills, and the streams, his fiivorite resorts. In his own 
language, poetically expressed, reciting the glowing memo- 
ries of his youth, — 



* In 1874, Mr. Bradbury was the Democratic nominee for Congress 
from Portland. 




Photo, by Lamson, Portland. 



y^^^ o^-s^-^' 




y^ vV 




u^ 




CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



99 



" Into the depths of forests sublime 
I plunged and traveled, regardless of lime ; 
The dazzling gloom and the wild array 
Hurried the hours and shortened the day, 

'• The forests, so peaceful, so profound, 
Awf 'ly grand in the absence of sound. 
Were like silent majesty to me. 
Land of my boyhood, honor to thee!" 

He remained at home until sixteen years of aije, receiving 
only the educational advautase-s then afforded by the com- 
mon schools. During this period, though full of boyish 
fun, and not very fond of .study, lie always led his classes 
in the lessons. Self-reliance was characteristic of him from 
boyhood. 

He acquired the habit of public speaking, for which he 
was thereafter noted, in the youthful debates with his school- 
fellows, in which were discu.ssed the gravest topics of the 
hour, and into which he entered with great earnestness. 
Before he was sixteen years old, he had by his own exertions 
accumulated several hundred dollars, and being desirous of 
obtaining a suitable education for some profe.ssiou, he en- 
tered Bridgton Academy, and at this and other similar in- 
stitutions for several years sedulously pursued his studies, 
teaching school in the winter months. 

An incident occurred when he was about twenty years 
old, while visiting at home, which may be appropriately re- 
lated here as illustrative of the character of the man. At 
a large gathering of the people of Waterford, assembled to 
discuss the temperance question, a resolution was offered 
that the members of the temperance society should give 
their business patronage exclusively to those who belonged 
to the association. The clergymen, physicians, and other 
leading citizens advocated the proposition, no one appearing 
in opposition. Young Gerry very reluctantly consented to 
assume the negative, and, without previous preparation, he 
threw himself with such spirit and ability into the discus- 
sion that the veterans pounced upon hiiu from all sides of 
the house with great vehemence. The presiding officer, a 
grave and venerable clergyman, tried to overawe him, but 
without effect. He maintained manfully his ground, and 
brought to bear upon the question the weapons of keen wit, 
strong logic, and moral, religious, and social reasons, which, 
by the verdict of the audience, were of conclusive force. 
The victory Wiis his, and established the fact that the young 
man had the forensic power which foreshadowed his future 
success as a speaker on the platform in the halls of the State 
Legislature :ind Congress, and as an advocate at the bar. 

In 1837, Mr. Gerry began to read law in the office of 
Hon. Stephen Emery, and in June, 1839, was admitted to 
the bar in Oxford County, opened an office in Waterford, 
and entered at once upon a large and lucrative practice. 
From the commencement of his practice he a.ssumed the 
entire control of his own causes, not only as attorney, but 
as advocate, and soon rose to the front rank in the county 
and State. 

In January, 1840, he was elected clerk of the House of 
Representatives of the State, and in 1841 he was appointed 
a United States commissioner in bankruptcy. In 1842 he 
was appointed county attorney by Governor Fairfield, and 
in 1843 was elected to the same office by the people. In 



1845 he resigned the office of county attorney, the proper 
discharge of its duties seriously interfering with his prac- 
tice, and for the fiirther reason that he had been elected a 
member of the House of Representatives. 

This Legislature was marked for it-s ability, having among 
its prominent members such men as Hon. William Pitt 
Fessenden, Hon. Phineas Barnes, Hon. E. Wilder Farley, 
and Mr. Howe, now United States Senator from Wisconsin, 
all leaders of the Whig party. It is due to Mr. Gerry to 
say that he took rank at once among the prominent leaders 
of the forces on the other side. The session was one of 
peculiar interest, from the magnitude of the questions in 
debate. His first and ablest speech was on the admission 
of Texas, being an exliaustive and logical argument in 
favor of the measure, and winning the commendation of 
friends and foes alike. As chairman of the committee on 
the Dorr Rebellion in Rhode Island he reported a series of 
resolutions, which he sustained with great ability. He 
was also a member of the committee on the Oregon ques- 
tion. The granting of the charter of the Atlantic and St. 
Lawrence Railroad, pending at that session, was not only 
voted for by Mr. Gerry, but earnestly and effectively sus- 
tained by him in debate. At this session, in the absence 
of the Speaker, he was elected Speaker pro tern. 

In 1848 he was elected a member of the Thirty -first Con- 
gress, from the First Congressional District of Maine. It 
was a stormy and acrimonious session. It began with a 
protracted struggle over the election of Speaker, and the 
caucus sessions of each political party were exciting, per- 
sonal, and bitter. In the debates on these occasions Jlr. 
Gerry took conspicuous part, and thus early established a 
reputation for courage and ability. The question of slavery 
tinged every issue. 

The two extremes, the Abolitionists of the North and the 
fire-eaters of the South, joined hands in arraying the two 
sections against each other. To counteract the mischievous 
designs of these men, and with the view to prevent the 
bloody collision which he never doubted would otherwise 
ensue, Mr. Gerry, with other patriotic members, labored 
earnestly and faithfully, and as the result the threatened 
disaster was ibr the time arrested. At this session the com- 
promise measures introduced by Jlr. Clay were passed. 
Into the discussion of these and related questions, Mr. 
Gerry entered with great earnestness. One of his speeches, 
reported at length in the Congressional Globe, is a full, 
strong, compact presentation of his views upon the rights 
and powers of Congress, as well as upon their limitations. 
His description of the evils of slavery — its antagonism to 
human rights, as well as to the material interests of the 
nation — is given with graphic force. But" while he de- 
nounced the instilution, and showed that the sentiment of 
the framers of the republic was adverse to its continuance, 
he took his stand upon the constitution. Though he had 
no doubt of the power of Congress to interdict slavery in 
the Territories, he deemed such interdiction in the cases in 
issue unnecessary, as nature had itself erected a barrier 
which could not be passed. He was, therefore, in favor of 
leaving the question to the people of the Territories. 

Among the important matters of national concern before 
this Congress was that of the reduction of postage to the 



luo 



HISTOKY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



present rate. In the liiiht of present experience, it would 
liiudly seem tliat tliis frreat relbrmatory measure could have 
created much debate. Yet it was then considered by many 
a very hazardous experiment, and excited much heated dis- 
cu.s-sion. Mr. Gerry, with strong faith in its success, — a 
faith which time has fully justified,— sustained the bill by a 
clear and concise speech, by his personal influence, and by 
his vote. 

Among the prominent men who constituted this notable 
Congress were Senators Clay, Webster, Calhoun, Benton, 
Douglas, Houston, Jeff. Davis, Cass, and Chase, and in the 
House, Howell Cobb, Toombs, A. H. Stephens, R. C. 
Winthrop, and Giddings, of Ohio. 

At the close of his term he declined a renomination and 
returned to his practice as a lawyer in Waterford. His 
bu.siness increased to such an extent that he removed to 
Portland, where he continued in the active work of his 
profession in Oxford, Androscoggin, and Cumberland 
Counties for some six years, when his health broke down 
and he was compelled to retire. 

Although thus for several years in political life, co- 
operating earnestly with the leading minds of the Demo- 
cratic party, and holding important official positions, Mr. 
Gerry was wise enough to subordinate politics to his pro- 
fession. As a public .speaker he was bold, aggressive, argu- 
mentative, and profoundly in earnest. Possessed of an at- 
tractive personal presence, tall and straight, nervous, and 
ever inspired with his subject, he always commanded the 
closest attention of his audiences. His cultivated taste for 
general literature, which began in early life and which he 
retains, has aided him in all his career and has sweetened 
and mellowed the weary hours of a long and painful illness. 
As a writer he was terse and logical. He was not only a 
good advocate, but was a sound lawyer, well acquainted 
with constitutional and the common law. He was ardently 
attached to his profession, and his mind had been liberal- 
ized by pursuits outside of the law. A question of his- 
tory, romance, or law were all equally interesting to him. 
Socially, he is genial, fond of conversation with his friends, 
and devotedly attached to them. He married, Nov. 22, 
184',), Miss Anna St. Clair, the brilliant and accomplished 
daughter of Hon. Richard Jenness, of Portsmouth, N. H., 
by whom he has three children. — .\lice, who was married 
to Mr. A. M. Patterson, of Baltimore ; Elbridge, a lawyer 
in New York City ; and Elizabeth J. Gerry. 

Hon. JosiAii H. Deummond, LIj.D., was born in Wins- 
low, Me., Aug. 30, 1827, and graduated from Waterville 
College in 1846. He taught school three years, including 
part of the time he was in college, and was admitted to the 
bar in October, 1850. He was married December lOtii of 
the same year. He was elected to represent Waterville in 
the Legislature of 1857, also re-elected and chosen Speaker 
of the House in 1858, where he won mucii reputation for 
his promptness and ability as a presiding officer. He was 
elected to the State Senate in 1860, and, during the ses- 
sion, was elected attorney-general of the State, to which of- 
fice he was re-elected in 1861, 1862, and 1863. In 1860 
he removed to Portland ; was elected to the Legislature from 
that city to fill a vacancy, was el<'cted Speaker, and declined 
a re-election. He was city solicitor of Portland for several 



years, and for over six years served on its school committee. 
For some years past he has steadily refused political offices, 
and devoted himself to his profession, in which he main- 
tains a high position as a counselor and advocate, and holds 
the position of attorney for important corporations. As a 
citizen and as a lawyer no one in the State commands more 
thoroughly the confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens. 

In Masonry he has attained such a world-wide reputation 
that he may be almost said to have won his greatest fame 
there. He was made a Mason in Waterville Lodge, No. 
33, in 1849, and was elected its Master in 1856-57. In 
1858-59 he was elected Deputy Grand Master of the Grand 
Lodge of Maine, and in 1860, 1861, and 1862, Grand Mas- 
ter. In 1865 he was appointed chairman of the committee 
on foreign correspondence, and has filled that position ever 
since, having prepared fifteen annual reports, each making 
nearly one hundred and fifty octavo pages of fine type, or a 
fairly-sized volume of itself This work has been so ably 
done, and is so authoritative on Masonic law, that it has 
been widely copied in the proceedings of other Grand 
Lodges, and has done much to shape Masonic legislation in 
this country, especially in regard to settling the question of 
territorial jurisdiction according to the rules which he so 
ably laid down in his discussion with the Grand Lodge of 
England in 1861. 

He was made a Royal Arch Mason in Jerusalem Chapter, 
at Hallowell, in 1858, and was its second officer in 1859. 
In 1862 he was High Priest of Greenleaf Chapter, in Port- 
land. From 1860 to 1867 he was an officer in the (Jrand 
Chapter of Maine, being the Grand High Priest in 1866-67. 
In 1871 he was elected General Grand High Priest of the 
United States for the term of three years. 

He received the Cryptic degrees in Portland Council in 
1861, and in 1868 presided over the Grand Council. 

He was made a Knight Templar in Maine Commandery, 
at Gardiner, in 1860, and elected Captain-General the same 
year. In 1862 he joined Portland Commandery, and was 
at once elected Generalissimo. In 1866 he helped form St. 
Alban Commandery, and was its first Commander, being re- 
elected in 1867. In the Grand Commandery of Maine he 
has held many offices, commencing as early as 1864, was 
Grand Commander for the year 1878, and still holds that 
office. In the Grand Chapter, he has been chairman of 
the committee on foreign correspondence about as long as 
in the Grand Lodge, and has also filled the same position in 
the Grand Council and Grand Commandery for manyyeai-s, 
so that his Masonic writings fill thousands of printed pages. 

He received the degrees of the Ancient Accepted Scot- 
tish Rite in 1861-62, and was honored with the thirty- 
third degree in the latter year. He was at once elected 
Lieutenant Gratid Commander, which place he held until he 
was made Sovereign Grand Commander of the Supreme 
Council for the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, in 1867. 
This office, the highest in the gift of the fraternity, he has 
held since that time, and is considered to have discharged 
its duties with singular ability, as, indeed, he has the duties 
of every office which he has ever held. 

The important po.sitions which he has tilled for many 
years have made him widely known, and his acquaintance 
eagerly sought by his brethren, not only in all parts of 




/ff0mn 



n 



His great-grandfather, Ebenezer Virgin, came from Eng- 
land to Salisbury, Mass., in the year 1722, and was admitted 
a proprietor of Pennacook (Concord, N. H.), by payment of 
twenty shillings, by vote of the committee of the General 
Court, February, 1725. He was one of the first settlers of 
Concord. His second son, Ebenezer Virgin, wa.s grand- 
father, whose ninth and youngest child was Peter C. 
Virgin, father of William Wirt Virgin. 

Peter C. Virgin was born in Concord, July 25, 1783. 
He removed to Rumford, Me., in 1806, where he married 
Sally, daughter of Francis Keyes, one of the first settlors of 
Rumford. 

He was a student at Harvard College for two years in 
early life, was a practicing lawyer in Rumford for sixty 
years, county attorney, and member of the General Court 
for several years, and he was prominently identified with 
and a staunch supporter of the old Federalist party. He 
died in 1872. 

William Wirt Virgin was born in Rumford, Sept. 18, 
1823. He received his preliminary education in the 
academies at Norlh Bridgton and Bethel, Me., and grad- 
uated at Bowdoin College with the usual honors in 1844. 
He studied law with his father, was admitted to the bar in 
1847, and removed to Norway, IMe., where he practiced law 
until 1871. 

While a resident of Norway, Oxford Co., he was county 
attorney for three years, and a member of the State Senate 
in 1865-66. During the latter year he served as pres- 
ident of the Senate, and the same year resigned this position, 
and was appointed reporter of decisions, which office lie 
held until December, 1872, when he was appointed a justice 
of the Supreme Judicial Court. 



As reporter of decision.s of the court of which afterwards 
he became an associate justice, by his lucid statement of 
the case, and his concise and clear exposition in the mar- 
ginal notes of the precise points decided, he proved him- 
self a worthy successor of the many able Maine re- 
porters, of whom the distinguished Simeon Greenleaf was 
the earliest. 

As a judge his deportment was dignified and courteous, 
and his rulings prompt and accurate. To a nice sense of 
right he added clear and (juick apprehension of legal prin- 
ciples, and extensive acquaintance with reported cases. His 
written opinions, found in the " Maine Reports," exhibit his 
mental characteristics and force. In style and substance 
they are productions on which he may well be content to 
rest his judicial reputation. It is to be regretted that, by 
the legislation reducing the number of justices of the Su- 
preme Judicial Court, the public are to lose the services of 
one whose continued judicial career could not fail to be so 
useful and honorable to the State. 

Judge Virgin has ever been interested in all questions 
afiecting local and national legislation, and during the 
late Rebellion he took an active part in support of the 
Union cause. In 1862 he raised the 23d Regiment of 
Maine Infantry, — five companies from each of Oxford 
and Androscoggin Counties, — of which he was elected 
colonel. Tills regiment was employed about the de- 
fenses of Washington and vicinity during their time 
of service, — nine months, — and although tliey were never 
in any engagement on the battle-field, yet it is said 
tiiat the discipline of this regiment, and their st^mdard 
of morality, were not exceeded by any regiments of the 
army. 




Oi^.^ 




CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



101 



America, but in Europe; although, perhaps, the highest 
commendation that can be given him is to say that he is 
best beloved at home, where he is best known. To him 
Maine is indebted very largely for the high stand she takes 
in the Masonic world, and it is safe to say tliat after Thomas 
Smith Webb, who gave form to Masonry in this country, no 
man has done more for it than Mr. Drummond. As an orator, 
his fine voice and commanding form make him very attract- 
ive ; as a writer, his clear and sharply-cut way of stating 
facts make him most convincing ; as a working ofiicer, he 
has been always much admired. It is a significant fact, 
that when a Masonic address is wanted in Maine, the first 
choice almost invariably falls upon him, and the constant 
demands of an arduous profession hardly serve to protect 
him from continual service in this direction. When Mr. 
Drummond commenced his Masonic career there were only 
about sixty thousand Masons in this country ; now there 
are about six hundred thousand, most of whom are familiar 
with his name. With such an immense audience, his writ- 
ings cannot but be a power in Masonry. In the midst of 
his other multifarious duties he has found time to write a 
monitor and digest of Masonic law, which has been adopted 
as the standard in this State, and it is understood that he 
is turning his attention to important historical work in con- 
nection with the order. For this labor he is admirably 
qualified, and we may anticipate from him in future even 
more brilliant work than that done in the past. 

The degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by Colby 
University in 1871. 

Moses Morrill Butler was born in Sanford, Mo., 
March 8, 1824, and died in Portland, Me., Oct. 21, 1879. 
He was the son of Ichabod Butler, a practicing lawyer in 
that town, and Mary Wise, daughter of Capt. Daniel Wise, 
of Kennebunk. His fiither, by his mother's side, was con- 
nected with the Wentworth family of New Hampshire, and 
he was born and brought up in South Berwick. The hill 
back of the village in that towu is called Butler Hill to the 
present day, having been a part of the family estate. 

Mr. Butler was fitted for college in the schools of Alfred, 
Gorham, and North Yarmouth, and entered Bowdoin Col- 
lege in 1841, where he graduated at the head of his 
class in 1845. Immediately after graduation he was en- 
gaged for a time in teaching a high school in Springvale, at 
the same time pursuing bis studies to fit him for the pro- 
fession of the law. He afterwards studied with Hon. E. E. 
Bourne, of Kennebunk, and completed his legal course 
with Hon. Samuel Wells, of Portland, subsequently one of 
the judges of the Supreme Court of Maine. He was ad- 
mitted to the Cumberland bar in 1847. He took the office 
vacated by Mr. Wells, and shortly afterwards the business 
of Hon. Augustine Haines, district attorney of the United 
States, on the latter's retirement from the legal profession. 

Subsequently Mr. Butler formed a law partnership with 
Hon. William Pitt Fessenden, United States Senator from 
Maine, which was continued with the senator's sons, ex- 
Mayor Francis Fessenden and James D. Fessenden, register 
of the court in bankruptcy. In December, 1873, he formed 
a partnership with his nephew, Charles F. Libby, Esq., late 
prosecuting attorney for Cumberland County, which was 
continued up to the time of his decease. 



Mr. Butler was county attorney from 1859 to 1865, Rep- 
resentative to the Legislature in 1859, and was Representa- 
tive elect at the time of his decease. He was mayor of 
Portland in 1877 and 1878, and was a member of the com- 
mission appointed to report on the condition of the Port- 
land and Ogden.sburg and Portland and Rochester Rail- 
roads, and what disposition had better be made of them. 
He had been a director in the Cumberland Bank, and was 
a director of the Portland Fraternity. He was a member 
of the First Parish (Unitarian) society, and officiated as 
moderator at the parish meetings. 

He married, in 1850, Olive M., only daughter of John 
Storer, of Sanford, Me. Of this union were born three 
children, — two sons and a daughter, — the oldest of whom, 
John Storer Butler, died in infancy. His widow and two 
children, Harry and Grace Butler, survive him. 

From the beginning Mr. Butler was an able and success- 
ful lawyer. In investigation he was laborious, discrimi- 
nating, and thorough, and in the conduct of business 
prompt and sagacious. He always presented the strongest 
point of his case and maintained it with his whole strength. 
At a younger age than most of the eminent lawyers he 
managed an extensive practice in all branches of the pro- 
fession. An untiring student, a convincing advocate, care- 
fully preparing his cases, with great powers of cross-exami- 
nation and excellent judgment, he soon attained the foremost 
rank. At middle age he was prostrated by fever, caused 
by excessive labor. Upon his return to his profession his 
accurate learning, his great experience at the bar, his judi- 
cial temperament, and his habits of profound investigation, 
united to a firm yet amiable temper and pure life, qualified 
him for the highest judicial positions, and he was spoken of 
for such service. He would have adorned the bench. 

At this period of his life the affairs of the city of Port- 
land and its relations with its public enterprises required 
examination and advice. The city appointed Mr. Butler 
the chairman of a commission for this purpose. To this 
work he brought those great qualities which had distin- 
guished him at the bar, laboring for his adopted city with 
characteristic earnestness, and declining remuneration. In 
a report remarkable for its clear exposition of long and in- 
tricate relations between the city and its railroads, its correct 
estimate of the situation of afl"airs, the wisdom of its sug- 
gestions, and the vigor and propriety of its style, he placed 
the whole subject before his fellow-citizens. This invaluable 
service made him so preeminently suitable that, although 
disinclined to public office, he was twice compelled to accept 
the mayoralty of the city. His administration of city af- 
fairs could not be surpa.ssed. He managed its interests with 
an information which no other man possessed, and with re- 
sults which no other man has accomplished. His tried 
abilities and knowledge of afi'airs were too valuable to his 
fellow-citizens to be suffered out of their service, and he was 
now elected to the Legislature at a time of special impor- 
tance to the city. Before the assembling of the Legislature, 
while in court conducting a trial, he was struck down by 
paralysis, which in a few days proved fatal. The universal 
sorrow of all parties at his death was the noblest tribute to 
his memory. His fellow-citizens lost his services at the 
fullness of his powers, when he was most able to serve them. 



102 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



and witli liis place in their regard constantly increasing. 
His official papers sliow his capacity for public affairs, and 
his tribute to his college president, Leonard Woods, deliv- 
ered in Portland in 1878, at the annual meeting of the 
association of the resident alumni of Bowdoin College, ex- 
hibits his power of refined and tender eloquence. A self- 
sacrificing, public-spirited citizen, a useful member of his 
church, a distinguished lawyer, a kind husband, a wise and 
gentle father, and a good man, he evaded no duties and 
acted his part well. 

The following resolutions on the death of Mr. Butler were 
adopted by the City Council of Portland, Nov. 3, 1879 : 

" Tn testimony of sorrow, and as a tribute to the memory of the late 
Moi<es M. Hutler, so recently and so acceptably mayor of this city, and 
at the time of his death a representative elect to the Legislature, the 
City Council adopt the following resolutions: 

" Heaolved, That we recognize in the life and oharaetcr of Mr. But- 
ler, his learning? and ability, his fidelity in all his public and private 
duties, his patient industry, his simplicity of purpose, his unassuming 
manners, his zeal in behalf of public education, social order, and 
Christian advancement; and while we are grateful that we have had 
his services so long, we are yet saddened with the thought that we 
shall have them no more forever. 

" Itenolvedj That we tender to his sorrowing family our sincere sym- 
pathy in their bereavement in the loss of a devoted husband and kind 
and indulgent father. 

'* Renutved, That these resolutions be extended upon the"oity records, 
as a part of this evening's proceedings, and that a copy of them be 
forwarded to his widow and children by the city clerk, ])roperly 
authenticated." 

Sullivan C. Andrews. — The Andrews, in this country, 
are descendants from three Englishmen, brothers, who came 
over about 1630. John settled at New Haven, Conn., Wil- 
liam, at Wallingford, Conn., and Thomas, at Taunton, Mass. 
They were descendants of Bishop Lancelot Andrews, D.D., 
an eminent English divine, born in London, 1555, and died 
at Winchester House, Sept. 25, 1626. He was successively 
bishop of Chichester, of Ely, and of Winchester, and was 
made a privy counselor by King James I. He was him- 
self a great scholar. William Andrews came to New 
Haven, Conn., in 1638, from Hampsworth, England. 
Richard Andrews, merchant, in Cheapsidc, London, Eng- 
land, a godly man, having lent live hundred pounds to 
Plymouth Colony in New England, gave it to the poor. 
He was an alderman in London, and was also one of the 
associates of the Plymouth Colony, in 1626. Bradford 
says the colony of Ma.ssachusetts Bay would have failed, 
had it not been for the money and credit of the Andrews 
of England, in connection with Shirley. Winthrop says 
he gave many cattle by Mr. Humfry, and five hundred and 
forty-four pounds by Mr. Peter, to the colony. Thomas 
Andrews was a London merchant, and lord mayor of Lon- 
don in 1650. and made Cotton iMather his chaplain. 
Thomas Andrews, the emigrant, was a member of the 
General Court of the Governor and Colony of Ma.ssachu- 
setts Bay, in New England, in 1629. From this fact it is 
supposed he was one who came over in 1630 with Gov- 
ernor Winthrop and about fifteen hundred persons to settle 
Boston. The court had two ses.sions that year, and he was 
one of the auditing committee. 

The great-grandfather of vSullivan C. Andrews was David, 
who lived in Taunton, Ma.ss. His grandfather, Kdward 
Andrews, born in Taunton, Mass., Dec. 20, 1767, went to 



Poland, Me., in 1785, where he remained a short time, 
and then settled with his family in Paris, Oxford Co., Me. 
He married Betsey Nevens, of Poland, a lady of high 
moral worth and Christian excellence. They had five sons 
and five daughters, who reached manhood and womanhood, 
and occupied highly respectable positions in .society. One 
son, Charles, was a man of distinguished ability, both as a 
lawyer and politician. He died while a member of Con- 
gress, in 1852, a little less than thirty-nine years of age. 

Alfred Andrews, father of Sullivan C. Andrews, was 
born in Paris, March 9, 1800, and died Dec. 14, 1864, at 
that place. He was a merchant for forty years of his life, 
mostly on Paris Hill, but for some years in Portland, where 
he removed in 1840. Returning to Paris in 1 844, he retired 
from business. He was a man of decided ability and ami- 
able character, and respected by all who enjoyed his ac- 
quaintance. He was called to fill many places of trust by 
his fellow-citizens, and was a member of the State Legis- 
lature in 1832 and 1833. He married, in 1824, Eliza St. 
Clair, daughter of Caleb Cushman, a soldier of the Revo- 
lution, a large land-owner, and a near descendant of Robert 
Cushman, the first, or one of the first, clergymen of the 
Plymouth Colony. 

Sullivan C. Andrews was born on Paris Hill, June 18, 
1825. He received his preliminary education in town and 
high schools at home, and at Dixfield and Hebron Academy. 
During his residence at Portland he attended the private 
English high school of B. F. Fernald, and was prepared 
for college in the Portland Academy. He had formed 
a desire for the profession of the law, and had received 
instruction in the same in the ofiBce of his uncle, before 
coming to Portland. In 1843, deciding not to take a 
full course, he entered the law-office of B. F. Cummings, 
of Paris Hill, where he remained a diligent student for 
one year, and entered the law department of Harvard 
University, at Cambridge, from which he graduated with 
the usual honors in 1846, and at the April term of the 
same year was admitted to the Portland bar. He then 
spent one year in the law-office of his uncle, Hon. Charles 
Andrews, then clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court for 
Oxford County, and in May, 1847, opened an office in 
Buckfield, in the same county, where, in a few years, he 
established himself in a large and lucrative practice, often 
aiding others as senior counsel. 

He was honored by his townsmen with various positions 
of trust. In 1855 he was elected county attorney for three 
years, and in 1867 he was elected a member of the Legis- 
lature. He has been a member of the Democratic State 
Coiiimittec, and was a delegate to the National Convention 
at Baltimore, in 1872. In 1864, Mr. Andrews was the un- 
successful candidate for member of Congress in the Second 
District. In 1873 he removed from Buckfield and settled 
in Portland, where he has since resided, and has been 
actively engaged in the practice of his profession. Since 
1862 he has been engaged largely in outside business, and 
in 1877, in connection with ex-Governor Washburn, Hon. 
Otis Hayford, and N. L. Marshall, he purchased the Port- 
land and Oxford Central Railroad, running from Mechanic 
Falls to Canton, about thirty miles, which they have 
thoroughly rebuilt and are uow operating successfully. 




I'buto. by LaDisoiii l*ortland. 



^a^^^^T.^t-^^G^^^^^^'^^^^^^ 



Nathan Cleaves, son of Thomas and Sophia 
(JJradstreet) Cleaves, of Bridgton, C'umberland Co., 
was born Jan. 9, 1835. He prepared for college 
at Portland Academy, and graduated at Bowdoin 
College in 1858. Among the prominent members 
of his cla.ss were Gen. Jonathan P. Cilley, of Rock- 
land ; Gen. Francis Fessenden, late mayor of Port- 
land; Judge Lysander Hill, of Washington; Hon. 
E. B. Neally, of Bangor; Hon. Ellis Spear, late 
Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. ; and 
llev. Frank Sewall, President of Urbana University. 
He read law with the well-known law firm of How- 
ard & Strout, Portland, and was admitted to the 
bar of Cumberland County in April, 1861. He 
commenced practice in Bowdoinham, Sagadahoc 
Co., Maine, but removed to Portland in 1862, 



and formed a law partnership with Hon. L. D. M. 
Sweat, then member of Congress. This relation 
continued until July, 1864, when he entered into 
partnership with the late Judge Howard, which 
was terminated by his death, December, 1877. 

He married. May 10, 1865, Caroline, the accom- 
plished daughter of Judge Howard, who died at 
Augusta, during the session of the Legislature, in 
February, 1875. 

He was elected city solicitor of Portland in 1869, 
a member of the State Legislature from Portland 
in 1871 and 1875, and judge of probate for Cum- 
berland County from 1876 to 1880. 

Judge Cleaves continues the practice of his pro- 
fession, and is associated in business with his brother, 
Hon. Henry B. Cleaves. 




Phuto. bv Lanison. 



HON. MARQUIS D. L. LANE. 



Hon. Marqui.s D. L. Lane, fourth son of John 
Lane, was born at Hollis, York Co., June 11, 1825. 
He graduated at Dartmoutli College in 1848, and 
studied law in the office of H. J. Swazy, in Stand- 
ish. He began tlie practice of law in Lowell, Mass., 
but removed to Portland in 1855, and in 1857 was 
elected judge of the Municipal Court, which office 
he resigned in 18G2 to assume the duties of consul 
to Vera Cruz, to which position he was appointed 
by President Lincoln. 

During this most critical period he served his 
country with marked ability, dignity, and fearless- 
ness, and his name is held in respect and honor 
because he refused to display the flag of the United 
States when Maximilian, the French invader, en- 
tered the port of Mexico, notwithstanding all other 
nations saluted him. 

On account of the illness of his wife, who was 
with hini in Vera Cruz, he resigned his position, 
and in 1867 returned home to practice his profes- 
sion. 

In 1868 he was elected Senator from Cumberland 
County, and re-elected in 1869 and 1870. During 
the last year of his service he was cliairman of the 
judiciary committee. In 1871 he was appointed judge 
of the Superior Court, made vacant by the resignation 
of Judge Goddard, and entered npon the duties of 
that office at the November term. 

Judge Lane died Sept. 15, 1872, in Portland, of 
malarial fever contracted in Virginia, where he was 
summoned by the dangerous illness of his brother. 



By traveling night and day he arrived in time to 
save liis brother's life I)y promptly removing him, 
against the protest of the physicians, from the mal- 
arial region where he had been brought to the verge 
of death. Judge Lane reached home with his brother 
just before the September session of his court, ex- 
hausted by anxiety, watching, heat, and flitigue; in 
spite of which he opened the term, but on the fourth 
day he was obliged to yield to a malarial fever 
which had fastened upon him, and which afterwards 
made such rapid and fatal progress as to terminate 
his honorable and useful life at the age of fortv- 
seven. 

He was an attendant of St. Stephen's Church in 
Portland, and, although not a member, his loss was 
greatly felt by the church. During his residence in 
Vera Cruz he was instrumental in building up the 
interests of the Episcopal Mission in Mexico. 

In all the relations of life Judge Lane acquitted 
himself with honor, and his was a character of rare 
excellence. All recognized in him the courteous 
gentleman, the warm friend, the honest judge. 

Judge Lane married Miss Elizabeth Chadbourn, 
daughter of Hon. Benjamin Chadbourn, of Standish. 
They have two sons, — George E., born May 30, 
1856, and Thomas, born July 4, 1858. Mrs. Lane 
now resides in Brunswick, where the eldest son is 
studying medicine with Dr. INlitchell, and attending 
lectures at the Maine Medical Scliool. The younger 
son is a member of the sophomore class of Bowdoin 
College. 




Photo, by Lamson, Portland. 



AlrlajJUA 4,S)^jo^^^ 



Charles Edward Clifford, eldest son of Mr. 
Justice Clifford, of tiie United States Supreme 
Court, was born in tiie town of Newfield, York 
Co., Me., Nov. 3, 1828. He received his pre- 
liminary education in the Parsonfield and Limerick 
Academies; fitted for college at North Yarmouth 
Academy, and graduated at Harvard College in 
1850. He read law with his father in Portland, 
to which place tlie family removed in 1840, 
and was admitted to the Cumberland County bar 
Aug. 1, 1853. After practicing one year with 
his father, he formed a law partnership witli his 
uncle, Hon. C. R. Ayer (Ayer & Clifford) ex-Secre- 
tary of State, of Cornish, Me., wliere lie remained 
for several years. In 1857 he went to San Fran- 
cisco, Cal., where he practiced his profession in the 
United States district attorney's office as assistant. 



In 1861 he returned to his native State, and for 
ten years following 1863 he was in successful 
practice in his native town. 

In 1873 he removed to Portland, Me., and 
formed a law partnership with his brother, William 
Henry Clifford (Clifford &. Clifford), wliich firm 
continues the practice of law in the county, State, 
and United States courts in 1879. Mr. Clifford 
has given little attention to matters of business 
outside of his profession. 

He was appointed commissioner of the Circuit 
Court of tiic United States for the district of Maine, 
April 2;>, 1877, which office lie now holds. He 
married, March 25, 1866, Antoinette Ellis, daughter 
of liUther and Caroline E. D. Ayer, of Newfield. 
They have four sons, — Charles Henry, Nathan 
Simpson, Franklin Mason, and Edward Clinton. 




J!//^^, /9^^<^^^. 



Henry B. Cleaves, son of Thomas and Sophia 
(Bradstreet) Cleaves, was born in tlie town of Briilg- 
ton, Cumberland Co., Feb. 6, 1840. He received 
his early education in the common school at home, 
and subsequently attended North Bridgton and 
Lewiston Falls Academies. 

He enlisted as a private in the 23d Maine Regi- 
ment (Col. William Wirt Virgin) in September, 
1862; served until the final discharge of the regi- 
ment, at the expiration of its term of service, July 
15, 1863. 

He immediately enlisted with Gen. Francis Fes- 
senden, who was then recruiting the 30th Regiment 
Maine Veteran Volunteers ; was commissioned first 
lieutenant, Company F, Dec. 29, 1863, and 
ordered to the Department of the Gulf. He par- 
ticipated in the various campaigns on the Red 
River, in the battles of Sabine Cross Roads, 
Pleasant Hill, Cane River (where Gen. Fessenden 
lost his leg), and other engagements of the Army of 
the Gulf. In August, 1864, he joined the Army 
of the Potomac, served throughout the brilliant 



campaign of Sheridan in the Shenandoah valley, and 
continued with the army in active service until the 
surrender of Lee. He was then transferred to the 
Department of the Gulf and stationed at Savan- 
nah, Ga., and subsequently, Aug. 20, 1865, honor- 
ably discharged from service. "He was a brave, 
devoted, and capable soldier." 

Returning to his native State he began the study 
of law with Howard & Cleaves, and w;is admitted 
to the bar Sept. 16, 1868. He soon formed a law 
partnership with Hon. Washington Gilbert, of 
Bath, Me., but after one year, in 1869, came to 
Portland and became a partner with Judge Howard 
and Hon. Nathan Cleaves, which relation continued, 
under the old firm-name of " Howard & Cleaves," 
until the decease of the senior member of the firm, 
Judge Howard, in 1877. He has since been the law 
partner of Judge Cleaves. In 1875 he was elected 
representative from Portland to the State Legisla- 
ture, and re-elected in 1876, serving as chairman of 
the committee on the judiciary. He was city solicitor 
of Portland from 1877 to March, 1879. 




hoto. by Lamsou, Pijrtland. 



Wii, 1,1AM Henry Clifford, tliinl son vl' Mr. 
Ju.stice Clittbrd, of the United States Supreme 
Court, was born in tiie town of Newfield, York 
Co., Me., Aug. 11, 1840. 

His next elder brotiier, Nathan James, deceased 
in 1868, aged forty-tiiree, graduated at Dart- 
moutli College, studied law, and was admitted to 
(he bar of Massachusetts and Maine. He was aj>- 
l)ointed and for several years held the office of clerk 
of the United States Circuit Court for the district 
of Massachusetts, which jwsition he filled at tlie 
time of his death. 

William Henry spent his boyhood in the com- 
mon school in his native town. Accompanied his 
father, mother, and youngest brother, George Frank- 
lin, to Mexico, to which country Justice Clitlbrd 
was first sent as commissioner, and afterwards as 
minister plenipotentiary, where he obtained a famil- 
iarity with the Spanish and French languages, in 
the former of which he is a fluent speaker and 
ready writer. On returning, tlie family settled in 
Portland. Mr. Clifford prepared for college at 
Nortii Yarmouth .\cademy, under Prof. Woods. 
Hntcred Dartmouth College in 1854, from which 
he graduated in 1858. He began the study of law 
witii the late Judge George F. Shepley, of Port- 
land ; completed in's legal studies with Mon. Benja- 



min U. Curtis, of Boston, Mass., and was admitted 
to practice in the State and United States Courts, in 
Boston, in 1861. He immediately opened an office 
in Portland, Me., where he followed his profession 
alone until 1873, when he associated with him his 
brother, CUiarles E. (Clifford & Clifilbrd). 

Soon after his admission to the bar he was ap- 
pointed commissioner of the Circuit Court of Maine, 
the duties of which office he very actively and suc- 
cessfully performed for some nine years. 

Mr. Clifford has an extensive practice in the 
Federal courts, and is largely engaged in j)atent 
law practice, besides the common law business con- 
ducted by the firm. In 1872 he was unanimously 
nominated on the first ballot as Democratic candi- 
date for member of Congress, but a large Kepub- 
lican majority barred his election. 

He was renominated in 1874, but declined the 
iionor on account of his increasing professional 
duties. He has edited and published four volumes 
of Justice Clifford's Reports, which comprise liis 
judgments down to 1.S7(). 

^Ir. Clitlbrd married, in August, 1866, Ellen 
Greeley, daughter of Hon. Jolin B. Brown, of Port- 
laud. Tlieir children are Nathan James, ^[atilda 
Greeley, 'lohn Brown, A\^illiam Henry, Jr., and pjllen 
Ayer. 



CUMBERLAND BENCH AND BAR. 



103 



On Jan. 1, 1855, he married Britannia C, daughter of 
Jefferson Coolidge, a wholesale merchant of Portland. They 
have three children, — Thirza W., Eliza C, and Alfred C. 

Augustine Haines was born in Portsmouth. N. H., 
March 17, 1810, whore he resided until the death of his 
father, which occurred wlien Mr. Haines was fourteen years 
of age. His father was a prominent lawyer in Portsmouth ; 
went to Alabama, where he practiced law for several years ; 
but failing health compelled his return, and he died on his 




way home. His mother lived to be nearly ninety years of 
age, and died June 2, 1878. His uncle, Charles 6. 
Haines, was an eminent lawyer of New York, and at one 
time the law partner of Governor Clinton. 

Soon after the death of his father. Augustine entered the 
Saco Academy, where he remained about one year, and be- 
gan the study of law with ex-Governor Fairfield, of Saco. 

He was admitted to the bar of the Court of Common 
Pleas, in York County, at the January term, 1881, two 
mouths before completing his twenty-first year, and com- 
menced practice as attorney in Common Pleas, at Poland, 
in Cumberland County, before Chief Justice Whitman. 
He was admitted as an attorney of the Supreme Judici.al 
Court, Chief Justice Mellen, in 1832 ; as counselor in said 
court in 1834. He was appointed attorney for Cumber- 
land County in January, 1834, when he moved from Po- 
land to Portland, and held the oflBce by executive appoint- 
ment and election by the people, excepting parts of two 
years, until President Polk's administration, when he was 
appointed United States District Attorney, which oflSce he 
held from 1845 to 1848, and accepted the agency of the 
Laconia Mills, at Biddeford, which position he held until 
the spring of 1872, when his health failed him, and he re- 
turned to Portland, where he remained until his death, 



Harvard, 1KG4. 
Brown Univer- 



July 27, 1873. Mr. Haines was a sound lawyer, a safe 
counselor, a strong advocate at the bar, and possessed those 
elements of character that eminently fitted him for positions 
of trust and usefulness. He married Frances, daughter of 
Captain John and Olive (^Lassellj Patten. His children 
are Charles G., of Portland ; Eliza F., and Geor-'e A. 
Haines, a Boston cotton-broker. 

The following members of the Cumberland bar have 
received the honorary degree of LL.D. : 

Isaac Parker, Harvard, 1814. 

Prentiss Mellen, Harvard, 1820 ; Bowdoin, 1820. 

Stephen Longfellow, Bowdoin, 1828. 

William Pitt Preble, Bowdoin, 1829. 

Ashur Ware, Bowdoin, 1837. 

Simon Greenleaf, Harvard, 1834 ; Amherst, 1845. 

Ezekiel Whitman, Brown, 1843 ; Bowdoin, 1843. 

Ether Shepley, Dartmouth. 

Charles S. Daveis, Bowdoin, 1844. 

George Evans, Bowdoin, 1847. 

Wm. Pitt Fe,ssenden, Bowdoin, 1858 ; 

Nathan Clifford, Bowdoin, Dartmouth, 
sity. Harvard College. 

William Willis, Bowdoin, I8t)7. 

George F. Shopley, Dartmouth, 1878. 

There are one hundred and sixty-one attorneys and eoun- 
selors-at-law now in Cumberland County, one hundred and 
twenty-seven of whom are in active practice. Their names 
and tho.se of the towns in which they reside are as follows ; 

Portland. — Nathan Clifford, ex-United States Attorney- 
General, ex-JMinister to Mexico, and Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States ; Edward Fox, Judge of the 
United States District Court ; William Wirt Virgin, Justice 
of the Supreme Judicial Court of Maine ; Charles W. 
Goddard, ex-Judge of the Supreme Judicial Court and 
Postmaster of Portland ; Joseph W. Synionds, Judge of 
the Supreme Judicial Court ; George P. Talbot, ex-United 
States District Attorney ; Nathan Webb, lat€ an incum- 
bent of the same office ; Wilbur F. Lunt, United States 
District Attorney ; Percival Bonney, Judge of the Superior 
Court; William Pitt Preble, Clerk of the District Court 
of the United States; Josiah H. Drummond, ex-Attorney- 
General of Maine ; Thomas B. Reed, ex- Attorney-General 
and Member of Congress; L. D. M. Sweat, ex-Meinber 
of Congress ; James D. Fessenden, Register in Bankruptcy; 
William H. Clifford, ex- United States Commissioner; 
Edward M. Rand, United States Commissioner ; Thomas 
H. Haskell, County Attorney ; Enoch Knight, Judge of 
the Municipal Court ; Llewellyn Kidder, Recorder of the 
Municipal Court ; Reuel Small, Reporter of the Superior 
Court; Sewall C. Strout, William L. Putnam, Bion Brad- 
bury, John Rand, Nathan Cleaves, Judges of Probate ; 
William W. Thomas, Jr., Charles P. Mattocks, Almon A. 
Strout, George F. Holmes, George E. B. Jackson, David 
H. Drummond, D. W. Fessenden, John H. Fogg, William 
H. Fessenden, Alvan A. Dennett, Edward H. Daveis, 
Nathaniel Deering, Isaac L. Elder, Francis Fessenden, 
Frederic Fox, Fred N. Dow, Joseph A. Locke, Charles B. 
Merrill, Charles E. Clifford, Henry B. Cleaves, Josiah Chase, 
Jr., Samuel L. Carlcton, John C. Cobb, Nathan Cummings, 



104 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



S. II. McAIpino, S. B. Beckett, Aldeti J. Blenthen, A. W. 
Bradbury, Mu.se.-- M. Butler, Sullivan C. Andrews, Samuel 
J. Aiidersdu, Elbrid^e Gerry, Haiino W. Gage, Frederick C. 
Na.sli, James O'DonncU, Melviu P. Frank, Melville A. Floyd, 
Elbridge Gerry, Jr.,(Jeorge F. Gould, Darius H. Ingrahani, 
Aaron B. Ilolden, George Jewett, Elliot King, Clarence 
Hale, Henry C. Ilixon, Osgood Bradbury, William P. An- 
thoine, John M. Adams, William II. Anderson, Charles E. 
Barrett, Aaron W. Coombs, Edward B Cram, Liberty B. 
Dennett, Henry Deering, James T. McCobb, Dennis A. 
Meaher, J. Pierrepont Noal, Oscar M. Metcalf, Augustus 
F. Moulton, George W. Vcrrill, Henry G. Thomas, L. 
Clifibrd Wade, William H. Motley, Hiram Knowlton, 
Charles F. Libley, Philip J. Larrabee, William J. Knowl- 
ton, John W. Munger, John Mussey, Benjamin Kingsbury, 
Henry C. Peabody, Edward P. Sherwood, Henry W. Swasey, 
Daniel W. Seribnei-, Herbert M. Sylvester, William M. 
Payson, William M. Sargent, Tobias T. Snow, Edward H. 
Thomas, George A. Thomas, Edward P. Payson, Byron 

D. Vcrrill, Jabez C. Woodman, Frank S. Waterhouse, 
Lindley M. Webb, George Walker, Frank W. Robinson, 
George D. Rand, Emery S. Ridlon, Fabius M. Ray, Stanley 
T. PuUcn, Lewis Pierce, John J. Perry, George R. Swasey, 
Henry St. John Smith, George M. Seiders, Thomas L. 
Talbot, Franklin C. Payson, William A. Golden, Seth L. 
Larrabee, Joseph A. Lamson, Willis H. Leavitt, William G. 
Fassett, Hannibal H. Emery, Blia.s Dudley Freeman, Wil- 
liam M. Bradley, George E. Bird. 

Bridyton. — -Nathaniel S. Littlefield, Fred S. Strout, 
Samuel C. Smith, Benjamin T. Chase. 

Brtiiiswkk. — William G. Barrows, Judge of the Supreme 
Judicial Court ; Henry Orr, Thomas M. Giveen, Weston 
Thompson. 

Freeport. — Samuel Clark, R. Belcher, E. W. Mitchell, 
Harrison G. Sleeper. 

Gray. — Warren H. Vinton, John D. Anderson. 

Gorham. — John A. Waterman, ex-Judge of Probate ; 
George B. Emery. 

Harrison. — Caleb A. Chaplin, Obediah G. Cook. 

Deering. — Edward Payson, Jason M. Carleton, William 

E. Morris. 

Naples. — David H. Cole. 

Sebago. — Edwin L. Poor. 

Standish. — Horatio J. Swasey. 

Wmdham.— David P. B. Pride. 

Yarmoath. — Daniel L. Mitchell, Barnabas Freeman. 



CHAPTER XVIIL 

THE CUMBEBLAIVD COUITTY PRESS.* 

First Newspaper in ,M:um'— I'ortlan.l Aiivci-lisor -First Scmi-«cekly 
—First Daily— Ka.stern Argus— Portlaud Pics.s— PortlanJ Tnins- 
cript — Loader — Sunday Times — Sun. 

The first newspaper published in Maine was the Fal- 
mouth Gazette and Weekly Advertiser, by Thomas Wait 

* The principal facts for this chapter are taken from the " Press of 
Maine," edited by Joseph Oriffin, Esq. 



and Benjamin Titcomb, in 1785. Mr. Wait had been pre- 
viously connected with the Boston Chronicle, and had come 
to Falmouth and established a small stationer's store. Mr. 
Titcomb was a native of the place, having been born here 
July 20, 17(51, and educated at Dumnior Academy, in 
Newbury. lie had also served an apprenticeship to the 
printer's trade in Ncwburyport, Ma.ss. These two gen- 
tlemen formed a partnership, and on the 1st day of Jan- 
uary, 1785, issued the first number of the paper, which, 
under various names, has continued to exist till the present 
day. We .shall head it with the name it now bears, and 
under that heading proceed to note the various changes 
through which it has passed. 

PORTLAND ADVERTISER. 

In 1786 the name of the Ftdniouth Gazette and Weekly 
Advertiser was changed to the Ouniberland Gazette. Mr. 
Wait continued to conduct it eleven years. Mr. Titcomb 
retired from it earlier, and established a rival sheet called 
the Gazette of Maine. In 1792 the Cumberland Gazette 
was enlarged, and to avoid confusion with the other Gazette 
was called the Eastern Herald. 

The politics of Portland at this time were exclusively 
Federalist. The whole of Maine constituted but one con- 
gressional district. Yet, in the absence of those party 
strifes which were often so bitter at a later day, personal 
feelings were frequently excited to a high pitch, and 
elections were as warmly contested as they ever have been 
since that period. Judge Thacher, of Biddeford, a personal 
friend of Mr. Wait's, had represented the district in Con- 
gress, and was a regular contributor to the paper. As a 
writer his wit and sarcasm were of the most exasperating 
quality, and he had rendered himself very unpopular in 
Portland. He was a candidate for re-election, and, not- 
withstanding the feeling which existed, Wait resolved to 
stand by his friend. The Gazette of Maine represented 
the opposition. During the canvass Wait was assaulted ; 
Daniel George, the sohoolma.ster, and Daniel Davis, after- 
wards United States District Attorney, were threatened 
with personal violence ; and Samuel C. Johonot, an accom- 
plished lawyer, was actually driven out of town. The vote 
of Portland stood, for Nathaniel Wells, of Wells, sixty-five; 
for Josiah Thatcher, of Gorham, twenty-three ; for Judge 
Thatcher, of Biddeford, twenty-one ; and for William Lith- 
gow, of Georgetown, one. Judge Thacher was re-elected 
on the fourth trial by a majority of sixty votes in the whole 
district. 

Mr. Wait is described by Willis as " a man of ardent 
temperament, strong mind, great firmness and decision of 
character, earnest and persevering in whatever he under- 
took, and honest in his purpose." He lived on the corner 
of Congress and Elm Streets, where Deering Block now 
stands. His paper was published "opposite the hay- 
market," now Market Square. The difficulties under 
which ho labored may be appreciated when we remember 
the fact, recorded by Parson Smith, that in the spring of 
1785 the Boston mail was delayed five weeks by bad roads. 
The first attempt to carry passengei-s East was made in 1793 
by Caleb Graffam, who was employed by Wait to carry the 



THE CUMBERLAND COUNTY PRESS. 



105 



newspapers once a week in summer, and once a fortnight in 
winter, to Hallowell and intermediate towns.* 

In 1792 Mr. Titcomb abandoned the printing business, 
and began to preach for a small Baptist society then recently 
gathered in Portland, the first meetings of which were 
held in his own hou.se. In 1804 he became pastor of the 
Baptist Church in Brunswick, where he labored faithfully 
and successfully for a period of forty years. He died 
Sept. 30, 1848, at the age of eighty-three. 

Mr. Wait retired from the Eastern Herald in 1796, John 
K. Baker, one. of his apprentices, having iu that year 
bought and consolidated the paper with the Gazette of 
Maine. John Rand, another of his apprentices, issued the 
Oriental Trumpet the same year, and in 1798, E. A. Jenks, 
.still another apprentice, after the Trumpet had fallen dumb, 
issued the first number of the Portland Gazette. In this 
latter paper Daniel George became interested, who in 1800 
became sole owner of the Herald. 

This Daniel George was a character. He was a man of 
genius, but so exceedingly deformed that he had to be 
moved from place to place in a small carriage drawn by a 
servant. He came to Portland in 1784 or 178.5 from 
Newburyport, where he had published almanacs, as he 
afterwards did here. He was a printer, but kept a school 
iu Portland, and had also a small bookstore in Fish Street, 
now Exchange. 

In 1803 the Democrats (then called Republicans) had 
gained sufficient strength to start a newspaper, and the 
Eastern Argus was established by Calvin Day and Na- 
thaniel Willis, father of N. P. Willis. By a singular 
fatality it happened that in the following year the pub- 
lishers of both the Federalist papers were taken away. 
George died, and soon after Jenks was drowned on Sunday 
near Richmond Island, on his passage from Boston. Both 
establishments, it appears, were then united under the 
management of Isaac Adams, a man of fine abilities, who 
had graduated at Dartmouth College in 1796, and came to 
Portland to teach school in 1797. In 1802 he opened a book- 
store in Jones' Row, and in 1805 purcha.sed the Gazette. 
Mr. Adams was for many years a leading citizen, and repre- 
sented Portland ten years in the Legislature of Massachu- 
setts and seven years in that of Maine, after the separation. 

In 1808, Mr. Adams admitted as partner Arthur Shirley, 
who had been an apprentice, and who now took charge of 
the printing-office. Mr. Shirley's connection with the paper 
lasted till 1822, and it wps wholly iu his hands after 1811, 
except that a part of the time his brother, J. Shirley, was 
associated with him. It was during the administration of 
Messrs. Adams and Shirley that the old Gazette was illu- 
minated by the brilliant essays of a cluster of young men, 
whose articles, over the signatures of Pilgrim, Prowler, 
Night Hawk, and Torpedo, kept the town in good humor. 



* Thomas B. Wait was born in that part of Lynn, Mass., called 
f'augus, in 1762. He served an apprenticeship to the printer's trade 
in Boston. He came to Portland before 1785, and established a book- 
.storc, which was destroyed with all its contents in the fire of 1806. 
While in Portland he republished the Commentaries of Blackstonc 
ci>mpletc, importing a company of journeymen ])rinters from Phila- 
delphia, of whom Robert Lilly was the foreinan. On leaving Port- 
land he removed to Boston, where he published the .\uicrican Stale 
Papers. 

14 



William B. Sewall, coming here to read law, found his 
college classmates, Savage and Payson (then preceptor of 
the new academy, and afterwards tlie distinguished preacher), 
already engaged upon their weekly essays of wit and merri- 
ment. Two sons of Samuel Freeman— Samuel Deane and 
William — were Harvard contemporaries of Sewall, Savage, 
and Payson, and were also contributors to the Gazette. A 
little later came the contributions of the Torpedo Club, of 
which Charles S. Daveis, Nathaniel Deering, N. Carter, and 
N. Wright were the brightest ornaments. 

In 1813, William Willis, the historian, came to Portland 
and entered upon the study of the law. After completing 
his studies in Boston, and being admitted to the Suffolk 
bar, he returned to Portland in 1819, to take charge of 
Judge Mellen's office, and in the same year was engaged by 
Mr. Shirley to furnish editorial articles for the Gazette. 
Mr. Willis' connection with the Gazette remained unbroken 
till, in 1822, Mr. Shirley having undertaken the publica- 
tion of the Christian Mirror, edited by Asa Rand, disposed 
of the Gazette, which, within the next three or four years, 
changed hands seveial times, coming back at last upon Mr. 
Shirley, who, in 1826, sold the paper to Jacob Hill and 
John Edwards. During the interval before this sale the 
paper had been edited by J. D. Hopkins, but mainly by the 
modest and learned William B. Sewall, who found these 
labors more to his mind than the wranglings of the bar. 
Under his management a semi-weekly edition was begun, 
with which was revived the old title, Portland Advertiser, 
while the weekly edition was still called The Gazette of 
Maine. 

Mr. Hill (who was a lawyer) edited the paper him.sclf so 
long as he retained an interest in it. But on the 1st of 
January, 1829, he sold to John and William Edwards. 
The new firm casting about for an editor, hit upon Green- 
ville Mellen, the poet, but, after a brief trial, found him 
unfitted for the place. On the recommendation of John 
Neal, who had returned from Europe about two years be- 
fore, and was a constant contributor, they next engaged 
James Brooks, a young man, who had graduated at Water- 
ville a few years before, and was engaged in Portland as 
teacher. This engagement proved very successful, as Mr. 
Brooks was not only an able and lively writer, but an origin- 
ating genius of new methods of journalism. He conceived 
the idea of the " Washington Correspondent," then entirely 
novel, and persuading the publishers to bear his expenses at 
the capital during the session of Congi-ess, wrote thence his 
spicy letters, which gave piquancy and zest to the columns 
of the Advertiser. The success of this enterprise led Mr. 
Brooks to propose to go to Europe as the "special corre- 
spondent" of the Advertiser, which was sanctioned by the 
publishers, and in 1835 he made the grand tour in that 
capacity. But, greatly to the dissatisfaction of his indig- 
nant employers, he never returned to Portland. Landing 
in New York, he issued the prospectus of The Express; 
writing to Portland, however, that he still intended to 
maintain his connection with the Advertiser, and, as soon as 
he could get the new enterprise under way, should leave 
its management in the hands of his brother, Erastus. 
Perhaps that was his purpose. At all events, his return to 
Portland remained an open cjuestion for about five years, or 



106 



HISTORY OF CUMBEELAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



until 1841, after he had tested his chances for an election 
to Coii.uress from this district, and had failed. In Novem- 
ber of that year the publishers of the Advertiser installed 
Phinehas IJarnes as editor. Mr. Barnes graduated at 
Bowdoin College in 1829, had studied law, and for five 
years before accepting the editorship had been Professor 
of Greek and Latin at Waterville. " He brought to his 
new task a breadth and thoroughness of culture which lent 
new dignity to the paper." He continued to edit it till 
1847, when ho was succeeded by Henry Carter. 

In 1837, John Edwards sold half the paper to Joseph 
M. Gerrish, who sold, in turn, to Reuben Ordway, — who 
sold to Henry Carter and A. F. Gerrish in 1850. On the 
1st of August, 1853, William E. Edwards, after thirty 
years in the Advertiser oflSce, sold out to John M. Wood. 
Under the management of Mr. Wood the paper seemed to 
have declined, on account of mucli of his attention being 
given to other matters. The Atlantic and St. Lawrence 
Railroad had just been completed; Commercial Street had 
been opened the year before. In these great enterprises 
Mr. Wood had been conspicuous. He was planning a mag- 
nificent residence and a grand hotel. His method of con- 
ducting the paper was so expensive, that, although the 
subscribers had increased, the cost of publishing it exceeded 
the profits. His partners, one after another, sold their 
.shares, and in 1856 he became the sole owner. Mr. Carter 
remained a year longer as editor, and was followed by 
James G. Blaine (now United States Senator from Maine) 
in 1858. 

In 1859 the paper once more changed hands, passing 
under the control of Messrs. Waldron, Little & Co., who 
retained it till Jan. 1, 18(51, when it was sold to F. 0. J. 
Smith. The editors, while the paper was published by 
Waldron, Little & Co., were James G. Blaine and C. C. 
Woodman. After the transfer to Mr. Smith, Eliphalet 
Case was the principal editor, until his death in the winter 
of 1862-G3. 

In Mr. Smith's hands the Advertiser sacrificed its position 
as a Republican paper, thereby leaving a field which was 
promptly occupied by the PortUtnd Press, the present Re- 
publican morning paper, though the Advertiser did not 
succeed in supplanting the Argus as a Democratic organ. 
There being no room for three morning papers in Portland, 
the daily issue was suspended after the great fire of 1866. 
The weekly publication, however, was continued in an un- 
broken series, and in 1868 the subscription list, printing 
materials, and sole right to revive the daily edition were pur- 
chased by the publishers of the Evening Star, a new name 
for the Courier, and the Daiiy Advertiser reappeared as 
an evening paper, under the management of its present 
editor and publisher, H. W. Richardson. 

Mr. Richardson is an able and vigorous writer and a 
practical priuter, having learned the trade in the oflSce of 
the WaterxnUe Mail before entering college. He graduated 
at Waterville in 1853, became tutor in 1855, and was after- 
wards assistant, then chief, editor of the Portland Press. 
Besides his editorial labors, he has produced a timely work 
(spoken of elsewliere) on the financial question of the day, 
wiiich has been lately published by the Appletons, of New 
York. 



In its present field the Advertiser expresses Republican 
opinions, but not as a party organ, — aiming primarily at a 
faithful publication of the news without reference to its 
political bearing, and di.scu.ssing the events of the day with 
reference to principles rather than immediate results. 

Among the graduates of the Advertiser office are some of 
the leading journalists of the country. James and Erastus 
Brooks have already been named. Others are Charles G. 
Came, the loading writer on the Boston Journal; Edwin 
F. Waters, one of the publishers of the Boston Advertiser; 
Edward Haskell, managing editor of the Boston Herald; 
S. R. Niles, the well-known advertising agent ; Charles G. 
Gammon, commercial editor of the New York Journal of 
Commerce ; Zenas T. Haines, of the Neio Orleans Press; 
and Royal W. Lincoln, of the Portland 2'rcss. 

FIRST SEMI-WEEKLY. 

The first semi-weekly paper in Maine, and probably the 
first east of Boston, was an edition of the consolidated East- 
ern Herald and Gazette of Maine, i.ssued in 1796, by John 
K. Baker, a former apprentice of Mr. Wait's. Mr. Baker 
seems to have manifested a good deal of newspaper enter- 
prise. He had obtained the papers of both the other pub- 
lishers, and, occupying the field alone, propo.sed to furnish 
the news more rapidly than by weekly installments. This 
might have been practicable but for the impossibility 
of getting his papers distributed to subscribers in the 
country by mails which only went once a week, and tlien 
chiefly on horseback. This Mr. Baker soon discovered to 
be the great difficulty in the way of sustaining a semi- 
weekly, and his paper went under. He, however, continued 
the weekly issue till 1800, and was succeeded by Daniel 
George, who continued it till 1804. Mr. Baker went to 
the State of New York, and from thence to Vermont, where 
at one time he kept a tavern. It does not appear that he 
ever after followed his occupation, although he was consid- 
ered a very excellent printer. 

FIRST DAILY TAPER. 

The Portland Courier, issued in 1829, was the fir.st daily 
newspaper in the State of Maine. It Wiis inaugurated by 
Seba Smith, the original " Jack Downing." Mr. Smith, a 
gentleman of fine literary taste, had previously been editor 
of the Eastern Argits. He was the husband of Mrs. Eliz- 
abeth Oakes Smith, whose superior abilities as a writer are 
known throughout the country. Mr. Smith graduated at 
Bowdoin College in 1818, and wiis a man much admired 
for his genius and loved for his sweetness and simplicity of 
character. Among the several books which ho published 
the most noted was his " Jack Downing Letters," which 
have given him national fame. He also wrote charming 
verses, and fills a high niche as a poet. Mr. Smith died a 
few years since in Brooklyn, N. Y. 

The last proprietor of the Courier was Elbridgc G. 
Waterhouse. It ceased to exist many years ago. A file 
of it is preserved in the library of the Portland Institute. 

THE EASTERN ARGUS. 

In September, 1803, the Eastern Argus was established 
to support the administration of Thomas Jeflferson, by Cal- 





J 



THE CUMBERLAND COUNTY PRESS. 



107 



viu Day iiiid Nathauiel Willis. Uii tlie 8th of Nuveuiber, 
1804, Mr. Day retired, and Mr. Willis continued sole pro- 
prietor of the paper. Mr. Willi.s was father of N. P. 
Willis, the poet, and of Mrs. Parton (" Fanny Fern"). He 
sufl'ered persecution from his political opponents, and soon 
went to jail for the freedom with which he uttered his 
sentiments. But Mr. Willi.s, like all martyrs to the cause 
of liberty, turned his persecution to good account. Week 
afler week the Art/us would appear witli its flaming leader, 
headed " fifth, sixth, or seventh week (as it might be) of 
the imprisonment of the editor for daring to avow senti- 
ments of political freedom." He lost nothing by being 
imprisoned, but was in fact largely the gainer in the end, 
for the people, out of tjiat love of fair play inherent in the 
human breast, rallied to his support, and his paper increased 
in circulation and influence. 

It is said that in tliose days of political bitterness the 
printers and compositors, who were required to work at 
night on the paper, used to go armed to protect themselves 
from assaults of their adversaries, who were supposed to be 
lying in wait for them. 

In 1808, Francis Douglas purchased the establishment. 
Mr. Willis retired and removed to Boston, where he estab- 
lished the Boston Recorder, said to have been tlie first ex- 
clusively religious journal in the United States, merged a 
few years since with the Congregationulist. He also estab- 
lished the Youtlis Companion, which is still published. 

In 1820, Mr. Douglas having been killed by the acci- 
dental discharge of his gun on bis return from a shooting 
excursion, Messrs. Todd & Co. became proprietors, and in 
1821 the senior partner purchased the whole interest. In 
1822, Seba Smith, who afterwards obtained wide celebrity 
by his '' Major Jack Downing Letters" and other writings, 
became a partner and continued four years, retiring in 1826. 
During his partnership, in 1824, the Argus was issued 
semi-weekly. 

In 1831, Charles Holden became a proprietor, but retired 
four months later. In 1832, Mr. Todd established the tri- 
weekly, and in 1834 sold the establishment to Charles 
Holden, who soon associated with himself Ira Berry, and the 
following year established a daily edition, continuing also 
the tri-weekly and weekly, all of which have been published 
ever since. 

In 1836, N. W. Green became a partner, and the year 
following Ira Berry retired. In 1838, Mr. Green retired 
and John Appleton became a partner. In 1842, Mr. Ap- 
pleton retired and Eliphalet Case became a part proprietor. 
In 1845, Mr. Case sold his interest to 0. L. Sanborn, of 
the firm of Sanborn & Brother, booksellers, and retired 
from the editorial charge of the paper. He was afterwards 
editor of the Cincinnati Enquirer and of the Portland 
Advertiser. Holden & Sanborn continued proprietors, with 
Benjamin Kingsbury, Jr. (since mayor of Portland), as 
editor, until 1855, when the establishment was purchased 
by John Appleton, afterwards United States Minister to 
Russia, John M. Adams, George F. Emery, since connected 
with the Boston Post, N. L. Woodbury, then postmaster 
of Portland, Charles Q. Clapp, A. W. N. Clapp, ex-Mem- 
ber of Congre.ss, Nathan Clifi"ord, now Justice of the United 
States Supreme Court, and George F. Shepley, late Judge 



of the United States Circuit Court, the paper being under 
the editorial charge of Mr. Appleton, for whom during 
1855 Mr. Adams conducted it, Mr. Appleton being Secre- 
tary of Legation at London. 

In 1857, Mr. William G. Chadbourne and Mr. Augustine 
Haines purchased an interest. Mr. Appleton assumed edi- 
torial charge of the Washington Union, and by choice of 
the proprietors Mr. Adams became editor-in-chief In 1858, 
Nathan Clifford retired, and in 1859, N. L. Woodbury, 
William G. Chadbourne, and George F. Emery retired, all 
selling their interests to Mr. Adams. In 1860, John Ap- 
pleton sold his interest to Moses McDonald, who soon after 
sold to H. C. Barnes. Prior to 1866 Mr. Adams purchased 
the interest of all the other proprietors, becoming the sole 
owner, and in the great conflagration of that year, July 4th, 
the whole establishment was destroyed, the complete files of 
the paper and its account and subscription books alone being 
saved. The loss was about five thousand dollars above in- 
surance. For three weeks the Argus was issued from the 
oflioe of William Noyes, of the Saeo Independent, who 
kindly tendered his facilities for the purpose. The Argus 
was then re-established in Portland, and has since been 
managed in all departments by Mr. Adams. It has always 
been Democratic, consistently maintaining the principles of 
Jefierson which it was founded to support. 

JOHN MILTON AD.\JIS. 

His father, Nathan Adams, was born Jan. 28, 1778, 
and his grandfather, Nathan, born Dec. 1, 1757, was a son 
of Ezekiel Adams, of New Ipswich, N. H., whose sister, 
Dolly Adams, married Isaac Appleton, the father of the 
Boston merchants, Nathan and Samuel Appleton. The 
New Ipswich Adamses had the same ancestors as the Mas- 
sachusetts family, but were inclined to piety rather than to 
politics, producing a whole line of deacons and clergymen 
of the strict orthodox faith. The late Nehemiah Adams, 
D.D., of Boston (being perhaps the most distinguished), 
was cousin of Nathan Adams, father of the subject of this 
narrative. His mother, Susan, was the daughter of Ezekiel 
Merrill, of Newbury, Mass., also a .soldier of the Revolution, 
who married Sarah Emery, of the same town, a lady of 
remarkable energy and sagacity, moved to Bethel, Oxford 
Co., thence to Andovcr while it was still a wilderness. She 
was the first white child born at Andover ; was educated 
at Fryeburg Academy and at Mrs. Putnam's school, Bruns- 
wick ; she was a school-teacher ; was the youngest of eight 
children, who all lived to marry and raise families. Both 
his grandfathers were soldiers of the Revolution. His father 
was the first postmaster of Rumford, served in the war of 
1812 for the defense of Portland, was a public-spirited, 
respected, and influential citizen. He contributed one- 
fourth to build the first church at Rumford Point. He 
fell from a ladder upon the barn floor, causing a fracture of 
the skull, and in a few houi-s died (1830). 

John Milton Adams, son of Nathan and Susan (Mer- 
rill) Adams, was born in Rumford, Oxford Co., Me., Sept. 
22, 1819. On arriving at school age, he attended district 
school until ten years old, when his f;»ther died, leaving 
him the oldest of five children. He was under the instruc- 
tion of his mother until fifteen, when he attended one 



108 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



term at Turner, and was a student for one term at Bethel 
Academy. For two winters following he taught school, 
attending Bridgton Academy during the intervening .sum- 
mer. In the spring of 18:^8, during what was known as 
the "Aroo.stook war," he volunteered, and was made orderly 
in the company of Capt. Joshua I. Ilall, of Rumford. It 
moved no farther than Augusta, and was discharged after 
about one month's service. 

In May, 18v59, he received an invitation, through the 
influence of his life-long friend, Isaac W. Talbot, to take 
charge of the academy at New Market, Kent Co., Md. He 
promptly accoi>ted, and conducted the school to the entire 
satisfaction of the school board until December, 1840, when 
the death of a brother called him home. In 18-41 he 
became a student of Gorham Seminary, then in charge of 
Amos Brown, remaining there two years, teaching during 
winter vacations. He spent the year 1843 at the French 
college at St. Ilyaeinthe, Canada, where he acquired facility 
in writing and speaking the French language. In the 
spring of 1844 he began the study of law in the office of 
the well-known firm of Fessenden & Deblois, Portland, at 
the same time teaching French. In the fall of 1844 he 
attended a meeting in the mayor's office, with a dozen 
other gentlemen, including the late John A. Poor, to con- 
sider the matter of building a railroad to Montreal. This 
was the inception of the enterprise in which he afterwards 
took an active interest. 

Tile following winter he taught the school at Turner, and 
in 1846 he was admitted to the Cumberland bar, and im- 
mediately commenced practice in Portland. In 1848 he 
formed a law partnership with John A. Poor (afterwards 
the well-known railroad man). In 1850-51 he made a 
tour of P]urope, visiting mo.st of its capitals and the large 
cities, and acting as correspondent of the RailroadJournal 
of New York, writing chiefly on the systems of European 
railways, and was appointed on the staiF of Governor Hub- 
hard, whose election he had earnestly advocated before his 
departure. In 1852 he was Superintendent of Schools for 
Cumberland County, not, however, relinquishing the prac- 
tice of the law. In 1855 he edited the Argus for John 
Appleton, then secretary of legation at London, during 
which time the political campaign was very exciting, and 
Samuel Wells, the Democratic candidate for Governor, was 
elected. In 1851), Jlr. Adams was appointed reporter of 
judicial decisions, and prepared volumes 41 and 42 of Maine 
Reports. He formed a law partnership with Nathan Clif- 
ford. In May, 1857, Mr. Clifi"ord being appointed Ju.stice 
of the United States Supreme Court, and Mr. Adams being 
unanimously selected by the proprietors to the editorial 
charge of the Eastern Argus, he relinquished his law prac- 
tice and accepted the position, which he has ever since held, 
becoming sole proprietor of the establishment only a few 
months before its destruction in the conflagration of 1866. 

-\pril 16, 1807, he married Adela S., daughter of Wil- 
liam \V. Ilobbs, of Norway. Tlieir children are Susan M., 
Sarah W., and John M. Adams, Jr. Since he has been a 
resident of Portland, Mr. Adams has ever been interested 
in tlie prosperity of the city,— its public enterprises and 
the welfare of its citizens. His position in connection with 
one of the leading journals of the Eastern States for the 



past twenty years has brought him face to face with the 
great political questions of the State and nation, in the dis- 
cussion of which his ready pen, his lucid exposition of facts, 
and his prompt and unreserved opinion, expressed through 
his paper, have won the confidence of the thinking people 
who read its columns. He was a member of the State 
Legislature from Deering in 1877-78. 

THE PORTLAND PRESS. 

The I'ortland Press was established in June, 1802, by 
Neweli A. Foster, J. T. Gilman, and Joseph B. Hall. Mr. 
Foster was a Portland printer who had had experience in 
publishing, who took a strong and intelligent interest in 
politics, and who belonged to an old anti-slavery family in 
New England. Mr. Hall was editor of the Aroostook 
Herald and Secretary of State. Mr. Gilman was editor 
of the Bath Times. At the outbreak of the Rebellion 
some earnest, spirited, and patriotic articles which appeared 
in the columns of the paper under his control attracted the 
attention of leading Republicans, and from that time they 
looked to him as the proper man to edit the leading news- 
paper of the State. Mr. Gilman brought the subscription 
list of the Bath paper, and Mr. Hall that of the Aroostook 
paper, to the Maine State Press, the weekly edition of the 
Portland Press. Encouragement and pecuniary aid were 
given by prominent Republicans in the city, and the paper 
became a success. Mr. Gilman's strong and incisive edito- 
rials, so thoroughly in sympathy with the spirit of those 
stirring days, at once commanded public notice ; but the 
success of the venture was due more to the great business 
capacity, untiring energy, and intelligent and firm political 
convictions of Mr. Foster than to any other one cause. 
Until his death, in 1868, he was the controlling spirit of 
the Press. 

Mr. Hall remained in the firm less than a year. Mr. 
Gilman edited the Press, with the exception of less than 
a year, until September, 1867, when he was succeeded by 
Mr. H. W. Richardson, now editor of the Evening Adver- 
tiser. In 1866 the paper sustained a severe blow by the 
total destruction of its office and material in the great fire 
of that year which burned half of Portland. But, alone of 
the dailies in the city, it lost no issue. The paper of the 
Gth of July appeared four hours after the usual time, printed 
on the largest press left in the city, — nine by twelve inches, 
— and containing the best account of the conflagration that 
appeared that morning. Flvon before the office was con- 
sumed new type and press were ordered, and in two weeks 
were in use. 

In November, 1808, Newell A. Foster, who had conducted 
the business department of the paper from the start, and 
was its owner, died. Feb. 26, 1800, the Portland Publish- 
ing Company was incorporated, bought the Press and the 
printing-house attached, and continued the publication of 
the paper. The late George II. Knowlton, of Biddeford, 
then a.ssessor of internal revenue for the first district of 
Maine, was emploj'cd as managing editor. On his death 
he was succeeded by George Giff"ord, of Vassalboro', now 
United States Consul at Nantes, in the republic of France. 
In March, 1872, Mr. Giftbrd retired, and was succeeded 
by Mr. Stanley T. Pullen, of Portland, who became chief 




Gc£i^^ii^^ .^ J&x^.£^^^ 



Edward Henry Elwell was born in Portlantl, 
Me., Dec. 14, 1825. His ancestors trace tiieir descent 
from tiie Eliwclls of Gioncester, Mass. William 
Patterson, his maternal grandfather, came to this 
town in the latter part of the last century, and set- 
tled on an estate on Free Street, near its junction 
with Mitldle Street. His father, Charles Elwell, 
and l)oth his grandfathers were siiip-niasters, sailing 
out of this port. He early manifested a j)redilection 
for the se;i, and spent the idle hours of his Iwyhood 
about the sliipping in tlie docks. His education was 
gained at the public schools of tiie city, and at the 
age of sixteen lie entered a commission store, where 
he spent one year. In the year 1842 he entered the 
office of the Daily American newsjiaper as an ap- 
prentice to the printing l)usiness. Tiiis paper was 
then publisiied by Gen. Tiionuis Todd, and edited 
by JJenjainin Kingsl)ury, Jr. He remained there 
until the paper was discontinued, a period of two 
years and three months. After spending some two 
years as a journeyman in the office of the Cliri.stian 
Mirror, then published by the late Rev. Asa Cum- 
mings, he took ciiarge, as foreman, of the office of the 
Frec-WUl BaptiM Repository, published at Limerick, 
Me., where he remained a little more than a year. 

He then joined with tiie late Elwin Plummer in 
the enter|)rise of starting in Portland a new weekly 
literary pajicr, called the Northern Pioneci: Tiie 
first number of this journal appeared July 1, 1848. 
In less than four months it gained a circulation of 
eleven hundrt>d copies. At the end of that time Mr. 



P^lwell purchased Mr. Plummer's interest in the 
paper, and united it with the Portland Transcript, 
then published by the late Erastus E. Gould. Mr. 
Elwell took charge of the united journals on the 
25th of October, 1 848, and has continued as editor 
of the Transcript since, a period of over thirty years. 
Under his editorial management the circulation of 
the Transcript has increased from three thousand to 
twenty-two thousand. In continuous service, though 
not in years, Mr. Elwell is the ohlest editor in the 
city. He was one of the founders of tiie Maine 
Press Association, and its first vice-president. He 
hits served three years as president of the association, 
and has always been active in its affiiirs. In 1871 
he made the tour of Europe, writing letters for his 
paper which attracted much attention. He is the 
author of an historical and descriptive work, entitled 
" Portland and Vicinity," and of a pamphlet giving 
an account of the editorial excursions to Aroostook 
in the years 1858 and 1878, and of the settlement 
of that vicinity, both of which liave had a large 
sale. Mr. Elwell is well known as a lecturer in the 
Stiite of Maine, having, during several years, devoted 
a portion of his time to the lecture field. 

In 1857 he removed from the city to the suburb 
of Wowlford's Corners, in the town of Westbrook 
(now Deering), where he has since resided, serving 
four years on the school committee of We.stbrook. 

In 1852 he married Sarah C, daughter of Capt. 
John Polleys, of Portland. Of this union have 
been born eight children, five of whom are living. 



THE CUMBERLAND COUNTY PRESS. 



109 



proprietor of the paper, and its editur-iu-chief aud business 
manager, — positions he still occupies. 

Under its new editorial and business management the 
Press has increased its facilities for the collection of news, 
widened its range of discussion, kept pace with the rapid 
march of journalism, and greatly enhanced its material pros- 
perity. Originally started as a political paper, it now de- 
votes great attention to the varied interests of the State, and 
to the consideration of art, science, and literature, and the 
wide range of topics which command the attention of news- 
paper readers. Its material prosperity has kept pace with 
its enlarged facilities and the spread of its influence, the 
daily edition having a large circulation, and the weekly 
Maine Stale Press being a recognized organ of influence 
in the country districts of Maine. 

THE PORTLAND TRANSCRIPT. 

This highly successful literary and family paper dates its 
origin in 1837, when the first number was issued by Charles 
P. llsley, who published it for a time in quarto form. Mr. 
ILsley started the paper without a subscriber, and continued 
to conduct it ten years. He had been editor of the Port- 
land Daily Times, issued in 1836 ; he also had charge of 
a neatly-printed weekly called the Eclectic, published about 
four years by Edwin Plummer, and subsequently to leaving 
the Transcript, in 1859, was editor of the ^I'ex/'j/y Courier. 
He was a prolific and versatile writer, and a gentleman of 
liberal ideas. 

The Transcript was for a time published by Short & 
Pennell, and by Newell A. Foster. In February, 1845, Mr. 
Foster sold it to William H. Jerris, who combined with it 
the remains of the American, and continued to publish it 
till October, 1846, when he sold it to S. H. Colesworthy, 
who put it in folio form, and sold to Erastus E. Gould, a 
graduate of the Arffus office, in 1848. Mr. Gould restored 
the quarto form and carried it on six months, when Edward 
11. Elwell became one of the editors and proprietors. Mr. 
Elwell and Edwin Plummer had been publishing the North- 
ern Pioneer, a weekly literary paper started by them in July, 
1848. The Pioneer became the property of Mr. Elwell, 
and was united with the Transcript, the latter being pub- 
lished by Messrs. Elwell and Gould, under the firm-name 
of Elwell & Co. J\Ir. Gould remained with the TranscrijJt 
till his death. Subsequently the Eclectic was united with 
the Transcript, which brought in Messrs. Pickard and 
Weston. The paper has since been published by Elwell, 
Pickard & Co. Mr. Weston, in 1860, sold his interest to 
Charles Pickard ; but the firm remains the same, embracing 
Mr. Elwell, and the brothers S. T, and C. W. Pickard. 

The Transcript has reached a well-deserved rank among 
the literary papers of the country, by the patient assiduity 
and well-trained ability of its proprietors. Faithful to good 
principles and to the best interests of the State, it is received 
and appreciated by thousands of families, to whom it is a 
most valuable auxiliary in the education of the rising gen- 
eration. Its subscription list has reached a point surpass- 
ing any other in the State by thousands. 

THE LEADER. 
This paper is published in the interest of the Greenback 
party. It was started by Elliot King, formerly of the Xew 



Era, on the 1st of January, 1879, and has attained a large cir- 
culation. It is a weekly, twenty-eight-column folio, owned 
and published by Elliot King. F. Montgomery, editor. 

THE NEW ERA, 

also Greenback ; first issued Nov. 30, 1877, incorporated as 
a stock company. It is under the present editorial man- 
agement of F. A. Clark. 

TIIK .SUNDAY TIMES. 

The first number of this paper was issued Aug. 8, 1875, 
by Giles 0. Bailey, editor and proprietor. It still continues 
under the same management, having attained a large circu- 
lation. The present circulation is about three thousand. It 
is a seven-column folio, issued every Sunday mornin". 

THE SUNDAY SUN, 
by George 0. Gosse and Brother, editors and proprietors, 
was started March 23, 1879. As a new candidate for pop- 
ular favor, it has already achieved quite a success, its cir- 
culation being reported at two thousand. 



CHAPTER XIX. 

COUNTY PEESS-(Continued). 

Newspapers and Periodicals — Brunswick Telegraph — Bowdoin Sci- 
entific Review — Bridgton News — Kcligious Paper.-? — Obsolete Pub- 
lications — Miscellaneous. 

J5KUXSWICK. 

The Maine Intellir/encer, the first paper in Brunswick, 
was established in September, 1820. It was edited by 
John M. Brien, a gentleman who had graduated at Bow- 
doin College in 1806. A college club of young men, of 
whom Jacob Abbott, now so well known as a writer, was 
chairman, contributed to its columns. The paper did not 
prove remunerative, and was discontinued at the end of six 
months. 

The Maine Baptist Herald was begun July 17, 1824. 
It was the first paper coinciding with the faith and practice 
of the primitive Baptists ever published in the United 
States. It was edited about six months by Benjamin Tit- 
comb, Jr., a graduate of Bowdoin College in 1806, and son 
of the first printer in Maine. After this it was under the 
sole management of the publishers, and continued weekly 
about six years, during the last two years of which it was 
called the Eastern Galaxy and Herald. During the latter 
part of the period of its publication it had attained to a list 
of eleven hundred subscribers. 

The Androscoffffiji Free Press was eslaldished in the vil- 
lage of Brunswick by Moore & Wells in 1827, and con- 
tinued about two years. 

The Brunswick Journal made its first appearance, under 
the management of William Noyes, in 1830. Associated 
with him a part of the lime was Henry W. Fairohild, after- 
wards printer of the New England Farmer, in Boston. It 
was edited for a short time by Charles Packard, attorney- 
at-luw, after whicli Francis D. and John S. Cushing were 



110 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



till" principal writers. Tiio journal wa.s Whig in its political 
principles, well conducted, and flourislicd one year and s\k 
months. 

The Juvenile Key was commenced in 1831, as a child's 
paper, by Josuj)!! Griffin. A considerable portion of tlie 
type work upon it was done by two children of the editor, 
aged respectively, at the time of their commencement, nine 
and seven years. Their names lippearcd as the publishers. 
This paper was afterwards enlarged, and took the name of 
the Family Pioneer and Juvenile Key, in which form it was 
published with good success four years. 

The Escrcptoir, a monthly, was published in 182G-27, 
by ii club of students in Bowdoin College, and was printed 
by Joseph Griffin. It continued six months. 

The Northern Lis was a monthly issued for six months 
in 1829. It was edited by Sumner Lincoln Fairfield, a 
gentleman from the South, of considerable ability. 

The Eastern Baptist was published by the Baptist Asso- 
ciation in 1836. It was edited by Rev. David Nutter, 
printed by T. S. McLellan, and continued one year. 

The Regulator, Democratic, published in 1837 by T. S. 
McLellan. Continued two years. I. A. Beard, editor. 

'The Brunswicker, published in 1842 by T. S. McLellan ; 
John Dunlap, editor. Continued one year. 

The Forester, published by Noyes & Stanwood in 1845 ; 
A. S. Stanwood, editor. 

Tlie Juvenile Temperance Watchman, edited and pub- 
lished by Howard Owen, 1854. At twelve years of age 
Mr. Owen manifested his industrious habits by publishing 
a little weekly called the Sun, in Roman letters. He is 
now one of the enterprising editors and publishers of the 
Kennebec Journal, at Augusta. 

THE BRUN.SWICK TELEGRAPH. 

This paper was commenced in 1853 by Waldron & Moore, 
publishers, and William G. Barrows, Esq., editor. The 
publishers, in 185G, transferred their interest to George W. 
Chase, who published it as editor and proprietor one year, 
when Howard Owen, now of the Kennebec Joiirnal, was 
admitted as a partner, and took charge of the agricultural 
department. In about five months Mr. Owen sold his in- 
terest to Mr. Chase. Early in 1857, Mr. Chase retired 
from the paper and went to Bath, where he published the 
Masonic Journal and taught music. IMr. A. G. Tenney, a 
graduate of Bowdoin in the class of 1 835, purchased the 
Telegraph establishment in 1857, rei.s.sued the paper, and 
lias continued to edit and publish it weekly. The character 
of the paper has been of the independent typo. 

Several persons prominently connected with journalism 
have heretofore been apprentices in the office of the Tele- 
graph. Mr. Owen has already been mentioned. Another 
is Mr. Asbury Macomber, publisher of the Suffolk County 
Journal, Boston Highlands, Mass. 

BOWDOIN SCIENTIFIC REVIEW. 
This review is issued fortnightly from Dingley's press, 
Lewistown. It was established in 1871, and has proved a 
successful organ of contemporary science and kindred sub- 
jects. Professor C. F. Brackett, M.D., and G. L. Goodale, 
M.D., of Bowdoin College, are the editors. 



The Orient is a paper published every alternate week 
during the collegiate year by members of the senior class 
at Bowdoin College. It was established in 1872, by J. G. 
Abbott, managing and principal editor. 

liltlDGTON. 

The Bridgton Reporter was first started in Bridgton in 
1858, by Samuel H. Noyes, of Nashua, N. H., and edited 
by Charles Sampson, a native of Bridgton. In a year or 
two Mr. Sampson was succeeded by Enoch Knight, of 
Lovell, Me., now of the Portland Star, who, in the fall of 
1861, went to the war as captain of the 12th Maine, and 
was succeeded in the editorial chair by George Warren, of 
Gorham. In May, 1862, the Reporter was purchased by 
Capt. Horace C. Little, of Auburn, and was edited again by 
Mr. Sampson, and afterwards by Jliss Lizzie Flye, of Den- 
mark, Me. In the fall of 1863, Augustus Phelps, of Bridg- 
ton, bought out Capt. Little and changed the name to T'he 
Bridgton Sentinel, made it a political paper in the interest 
of the Republican party, with David Hale, p]sq., of Bridg- 
ton, as editor. In March, 1864, the office, with all its con- 
tents, was destroyed by fire, and Bridgton was without a 
local paper till the advent of 

THE BRIDGTON NEWS, 

which was established by H. A. Shorey, in September, 1870. 
The News is an independent weekly, published at Bridgton 
Centre. Mr. Shorey, the editor, is a practical printer, hav- 
ing served his time with George K. Newman, of the Eastern 
Times office, Bath. After his return from the army (being 
breveted major for gallant and meritorious services) he and 
Mr. E. Upton purchased and published the Bath Sentinel 
and Times (daily and weekly) until Sept. 1, 1869, when 
the paper was sold to W. E. S. Whitman. He was also 
editor of the Maine Temperance Advocate, begun at Bath 
in 1870, and discontinued in August of that year, and in 
September, 1870, he established himself in Bridgton. The 
News is a well-conducted sheet, serving well the local inter- 
est of the town and vicinity. 

RELIGIOUS NEWSPAPER.S. 

Notwithstanding the numerous political and other news- 
papers which have been issued, struggled for a time and 
died, or still survive, the religious press has been well cared 
for in Portland within the last half-century. It early re- 
ceived the careful attention of its leading men in the various 
denominations, and has been well supported. 

The Christian Mirror is a Congregational (Trinitarian) 
paper, edited and published by Rev. I. P. Warren, D.D. 
It has had a period of continued usefulness of over fifty- 
seven yeai-s, having been established in August, 1822. It 
traces its origin to a little band of praying Christians, mem- 
bers of Dr. Payson's church. The first editor was Rev. 
Asa Rand, of Gorham, who died in 1871, at the age of 
eighty-eight. He filled the editorial chair most acceptably 
for several years, and during the transition state from Uni- 
tarian tendencies to strict evangelical views, managed the 
discussions with great discretion. He was succeeded by 
Rev. John L. Parkhurst, of Ringe, N. II., who was editor 
one year. In 1827, Rev. Asa Cummings, pastor of the 



THE CUMBERLAND COUNTY PRESS. 



Ill 



church at North Yarmouth, assumed the duties of editor, 
and remained in the capacity of editor and proprietor 
twenty-nine years, or until 1855. Dr. Cumniings gradu- 
ated at Harvard College in 1817, was tutor there and after- 
wards at Bowdoin. He died at sea two days out from 
Aspinwall, June 5 or 6, 1856, aged sixty-five, and was 
buried in the deep. He was the sixth of sixteen children, 
born in Andover, Mass., but his father, Asa, died in Al- 
bany, Me., in 1845, aged eighty-five. His great-grand- 
father was one hundred and two years old. Dr. Oummings 
was a learned and excellent man, a hard-working editor, 
and an exemplary Christian. He published the Memoir of 
Rev. Dr. Payson. 

In August, 1855, Mr. Charles Austin Lord became edi- 
tor of the Christian Mirror, having been for several years 
associated with Dr. Cummings. Mr. Lord was a native of 
Maine, and formerly of the publishing house of Leavitt, 
Lord & Co.j of New York. He was afterwards for several 
years connected with the daily press of St. Louis. 

The Christian Intelligencer, the first organ of the Uni- 
versalists in Maine, began to be issued as a quarterly of 
thirty-two pages octavo, by Rev. Russell Streeter, in Sep- 
tember, 1821. It was printed at the Argus oflice, by Todd 
& Smith, at a subscription price of fifty cents per annum. 
It began with two hundred subscribers, and at the end of 
the first volume numbered one thousand. At the com- 
mencement of the second volume it took the additional 
title of Gospel Advocate. Its third, fourth, and fifth vol- 
umes were enlarged to royal quarto size, and issued once a 
fortnight at one dollar a year. During its sixth year the 
form was changed to a royal octavo, and William A. Drew 
became assistant editor. In January, 1827, the paper was 
removed to Gardiner, — Parker & Sheldon, publishers, and 
William A. Drew, editor. 

The Sahhath- School Instructor, a juvenile weekly, was 
.started in May, 1830, by D. C. Coleswortiiy, Philip Greely, 
and William W. Woodbury. Mr. Cutter edited it for the 
first two years. He finally .sold to C. P. Hsley, who united 
it with the Portland Transcript. 

T/ie Christian Pilot, a half-sheet quarto (Universalist 
paper), was published by Rev. Menzies Rayner, at one dol- 
lar a year, from July, 1832, to July, 1835, when it was 
sold to J. C. Hill, removed to North Yarmouth, and edited 
by Rev. Zenas Thompson. In July, 1836, it was merged 
in the Gospel Banner, published by Rev. William A. Drew, 
at Augusta. For a time the Banner and Pilot were pub- 
lished simultaneously at Portland. 

The Universalist Palladium was begun by Samuel S. 
Cole.sworthy, in October, 1839, and was edited by Rev. C. 
C. Burr. It continued to be issued semi-monthly for two 
years, when it was merged in the Gospel Banner. 

The Eastern Rosebud was the name of a juvenile paper 
I>ublished about two years by Mr. Colesworthy ; also the 
Religious Instructor, brought from Norway. Tiieir list was 
transferred to the Gospel Banner. 

The Maine Wesleyan Journal was begun about 1830, by 
Rev. Gershom Fox, who was editor. For the first year or 
two it was printed by Todd & Holden, afterwards by 
Horatio King. It was finally removed to Boston and 
united with Zioiis Herald. 



Zion's Advocate, the present Baptist paper, was founded 
by Rev. Adam Wilson, editor, and printed by Day & Sum- 
ner. Mr. Wilson, after ably conducting it several years, 
sold to Kalloch & Smith, and J. B. Foster afterwards be- 
came editor and proprietor. For many years it was owned 
by Dr. Shailer, who, with J. W. Colcord, conducted it with 
great success. Rev. H. S. Burrage is the present editor 
and proprietor. 

The Freeman's Friend was started in Portland, in 1806, 
by J. MeKown. It was neutral in politics, and continued 
but a short time. 

The Independent Statesman made its appearance in 

1821, with Joseph Griffin as publisher. He subsequently 
took in a partner, Amos C. Tappan. The paper was gotten 
up by a combination of politicians to advocate the election 
of Gen. Joshua Wingate, Jr., for Governor, in opposition 
to Albion K. Parris, the Democratic nominee. The con- 
test that year was the most bitter and personal of any polit- 
ical campaign ever witnessed in the State ; but Mr. Parris 
was elected Governor. 

The firm of Griffin & Tappan was succeeded by that of 
Thayer & Tappan, and soon after Henry R. Stickney be- 
came a partner, the firm being Thayer, Tappan & Stickney. 
Finally, the whole control of the Statesman pas.sed into the 
hands of Abijah W. Thayer as editor and publisher. Pre- 
vious to this, however, the paper had been edited at difi"er- 
ent times by Nathaniel Deering, N. G. Jewett, and James 
P. Vance. Mr. Thayer carried it on about a year, and 
then moved to Haverhill, and thence to Northampton, 
Mass., where he died several years ago. Dr. Nathaniel 
Low then removed from South Berwick and took charge 
of the paper, changing its name to the American Patriot. 
William E. Edwards was at this time the printer. Dr. 
Low continued the paper about a year, being meantime 
appointed postmaster for Portland, — a po.sition which he 
held only a few months. The paper expired upon his 
removal, and the political faction which established it, after 
rallying under the name of National Republican, and sus- 
taining their banner a few years, became part of the Whig 
party. They had during the first year, by the aid of some 
Federalists, obtained a small majority in the House and on 
joint ballot. Tho.se who remember this split in the party 
regard it as surpassing in rancor and bitterness any political 
contest ever known in the State. Canings and personal 
assaults were common, and caricatures of the most ludicrous 
cast were printed in the Statesman. The small majority, 
however, succeeded in making it the State paper. 

The Wreath, a family newspaper, was commenced in 

1822, by John Edwards, and afterwards continued by A. 
W. Thayer. It lasted about one year. 

The Experiment, a semi-monthly, quite unique in char-- 
acter, was commenced about 1825, under the editorehip of 
James N. Purrinton, afterwards principal of the high 
school, in Portland. The articles were all written by a 
society of young men, of which Mr. Purrinton was the 
head, the design of the paper being mutual improvement 
by means of essays, criticisms, discussions, etc. Among 
the associates were John B. Brown, Daniel Winslow, Cap- 
tain Coffin, the writer, and others. The paper continued 
ouly for a year or two. 



112 



HISTORY OF CUMHKKLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



The Family Reader, a weekly paper, published and 
edited by Seba Smith, was eoniiiienced in November, 1829, 
and continued several years. 

The Temperunce Journal wa.s i)ublislioil for several years 
by A. Siiirley & Son, and subsequently by Elder Peck, 
Brown Tiiurston, and otliers. Contemporary with it was 

The Pence Washriifflonian, published by the Messrs. 
Nichols. We have no dates of tlie commencement or dis- 
continuance of these papers. During tlieir existence a 
sharp rivalry was kept up between them, each being equally 
devoted to the cau.se of temperance, but diiferiug widely in 
their plans and methods. Much good, doubtless, they both 
did in their separate .spheres. 

The Umpire was a weekly Whig paper, and at one period 
of its existence a daily also was issued. It was .short-lived. 
Under the charge of F. 0. J. Smith it warmly advocated 
Gen. Taylor's election, but closed its career soon afterwards. 

The Orion, a weekly literary paper, edited by James Fur- 
bish, was published for a brief period by Mr. Edwards, of 
the Umpire. 

The Yankee, edited by John Neal, was a famous paper 
in its day, though short-lived. It was published weekly 
by James Adams, Jr., from its initial date. Jan. 1, 1828. 
About eighteen months it continued to be published in 
Portland, the city of its birth, when it was united with the 
Bachelor s Monthly, including Mrs. Hales 3Ionthly and the 
Boston Literary Gazette, and removed to Boston, where it 
was published under the conduct of Mr. Neal and James 
Miller, the poet. But, alas! it could not survive such a 
marriage and change of place. As if this were not enough, 
however, it had also to be changed in form into a magazine, 
[t only lived about six months after these fatal changes and 
it,s removal to Boston. The Yankee illustrated during its 
period in Portland the peculiarities of its editor in an emi- 
nent degree. At the time it was founded Mr. Neal was 
thirty-five years old, and a model of ingenuousness and im- 
pulse. He was open and frank as the day, yet persistent as 
force itself in what he conceived to be right. He published 
in his columns articles of astounding boldness and audacity, 
but if he found them in error he retracted manfully in the 
next issue ; if he believed them true he maintained them 
with unflinching firmness. Mr. Neal will long be remem- 
bered both in Europe and America for the productions of 
his gifted pen and the eccentricities of his genius. 

The World in a Nutshell was a paper similar to the Yan- 
kee, begun in 1830. Its forte was universal censure, and 
under the dL^guise of an imper.sonal editorship, it astonished 
and alarmed the community by the exposure of all sorts of 
.secret misdoings which were little thought to be known. 
Who the writers were and how the information got out no- 
body could discover. It was a profound and terrible mys- 
tery, and no one felt safe while the unseen eye and the 
hidden hand lurked in ambush for the faults and foibles of 
the community, which were sure to be exposed in a sheet 
which made its regular appearance no one knew whence. 
They could not even find out where the mysterious sheet 
was printed. This paper no doubt served a good purpose, 
but it continued only for a short time. 

The Jeffersonian was removed to Portland from Paris, 
Oxford Co., in XS'A'S, by Horatio King, afterwards aetin" 



postmaster-general, who published it several years with 
a good degree of success. It was Democratic in politics. 
Upon its discontinuance 

The Weekly Standard was started by John S. Hartley. 
It was continued a year or two, when Sir. Hartley moved 
to Washington, and the paper expired. 

The Portland Trihune, a literary weekly in quarto form, 
was started in 1841 by D. C. Colesworthy, and continued 
under his management over four years. Among its con- 
tributors were John Neal, William Cutter, Nathaniel Deer- 
ing, Mrs. E. Oakes Smith, S. B. Beckett, Charles Holden, 
J. W. Mighels, G. W. Light, G. A. Baily, and others. 
Many of its original articles were extensively copied. In 
1845 this paper was sold to John Edwards, and united 
with the Portland Umjyire. 

The Workinr/mans Advocate appeared in 1835, edited 
by Dr. C. H. McLellan, and published by Day & Sumner. 
In about a year its subscribers were transferred to the 
Daily Courier. 

The Yankee Farmer, by S. W. Cole, began to be pub- 
lished in 1836. After several years it was removed to 
Bo.ston and united with the New England Farmer. 

2'he Pleasure Boat was a misnamed paper published 
several years in Portland by Jere. Hacker, a Friend, who 
afterwards removed it to New Jersey. It was cynical in 
tone, and not by any means the pleasant and agreeable craft 
to sail in which its name would imply. 

The Political Nostrum was for a while the organ of a 
faction of the Democratic party known at first as the " Mor- 
mons" and afterwards as the " Wild Cats." It was issued 
between 1835 and 1840, but continued only a short time. 

The Journal of Reform was published by D. C. Coles- 
worthy in 1 830-37. It was the first paper in the State de- 
voted to temperance and anti-slavery. The popular anti- 
slavery Governor of Massachusetts, John A. Andrew, while 
at Bowdoin College, was a contributor to this paper. 

The Youtlis Monitor was commenced by D. C. Coles- 
worthy in. 1839-40, and continued about two years. 

The Argus Renewed, a paper so called, appeared in 1839. 
It was started by some disaffected parties to displace the old 
Argus, and was published by Ira Berry ; but it failed of 
its object. 

Tlie Eastern Farmer, an agricultural paper issued in 
1841, was published for some time by Ira lierry and F. O. 
J. Smith, the latter being editor. 

The Genius, a paper devoted to amusing and harmless 
vagaries, by Josiah Lord Thomas, was once published in 
Portland and continued for some time. 

The Portland Daily Express was issued by D. C. Coles- 
worthy in 1844, and continued loss than a year. The dailies 
from the Advertiser and .lcy«sofiiccs having been previously 
established, there was no room for a third daily, and it died 
after the first volume. It supported Henry Clay for the 
Presidency and numbered John Neal amongjts contributors, 
and " j'et it was not happy." 

The American made its appearance about 1850, a daily 
Democratic .sheet. The party was then in the ascendency 
in the State. For a while it flourished on the pabulum of 
State advertising, but soon joined the long procession of its 
departed predecessors, conteni|KMaries, and succe.^soi's. 



AUTHORS AND ARTISTS. 



113 



The State of Maine (daily, tri-weekly, and weekly) was 
commenced in July, 1853, by May & Marble, who removed 
the Northern Light from Hallowell on the invitation of 
John M. Wood, who was to furnish the money, the editorial 
control to be assumed by John A. Poor. Mr. Wood having 
bouirht a controlling interest in the Advertiser abandoned 
the State of Maine, and Mr. Poor conducted it till 1859, 
when he purchased the Advertiser of Mr. Wood, and, with 
Messrs. Waldron and Little as partners, consolidated the 
two papers. The State of Maine was Whig in politics, 
but its special hobby was the development of the internal 
resources of the State. 

The Observer, a ten-cent quarto, was published in 1864: 
by Stephen Berry. No editor was avowed, but it was evi- 
dently intended for a classical periodical. Its Latin quota- 
tions were numerous and apt, but it did not continue long. 

The Riverside Echo was established in 1866 for the ad- 
vocacy of temperance. It was edited by Rev. J. E. C. 
Sawyer, and published by ati association. 

The Athenseiun, a senii-monthl}', was published by S. 
Coleman a short time. 

The Wreath was commenced in March, 1842. In May 
it was doubled in size and issued once in two weeks. It 
continued till October, 1843 Was devoted to family in- 
terests and Sunday-schools, edited by C. L. Adams, and 
published by Brown Thurston. 

The Portland Enquirer, edited by John Q. Day and pub- 
lished by Brown Thurston, was started in 1848. It was 
subsequently edited by Austin Willey, and continued its 
weekly visits for some eight years. 

7'//e Journal of Education, monthly (forty 8vo pages), 
edited by A. P. Stone and twelve prominent teacliers of the 
State. Published by Brown Thurston. This paper was 
started by G. M. Gage, at Farmington, December, 1866, 
under the title of the Maine Normal, and was moved to 
Portland in June, 1868. 

Good Speed, a monthlj', commenced by F. J. Rich, in 
February, 1871, and sold to H. A. McKenney the following 
December. 

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS. 

Messrs. Hoyt, Fogg & Donham publish The North East, 
a missionary paper of the Protestant Episcopal Church 
in the diocese of Maine. They also publish The Union 
Bible Teacher, containing comments for old and young on 
the series of Union Sunday-School Lessons, and a complete 
set of the Quarterly and Monthly Lesson-Papers on the 
" International System" for the use of Sunday-schools. 

Tlie Maine State Year-Booh and Legislative Manual 
has been published by this firm since 1870. It is a direc- 
tory of the State and a valuable hand-book of statistics for 
ready and convenient reference. 

The Helping Hand, an illustrated monthly religious 
paper, is published by the Young INIen's Christian Associa- 
tion of Portland. 

People's Illustrated Journal, a literary monthly, is pub- 
lished by George Stitson & Co. 

Home Fireside Magazine is the name of a literary monthly 
published by H. Hallett i*i; Co. It was established in April, 
1879. 

15 



Living Issue is a weekly temperance paper published by 
the Maine Temperance Alliance. 

Portland Price Current is a monthly commercial paper 
published by M. N. Rich. 

The Masonic Token is published (piarterly by Stephen 
Berry. 



CHAPTER XX. 

AUTHORS AND ARTISTS. 

Sketch of Authors, Native and Resident, of Cumberland County- 
Catalogue of their Works—Distinguished Naval Officers— Orators 

and Statesmen. 

At the head of this list we place Henry Wadsworth 
Longfellow, the poet, who was born in Portland on the 
27th of February, 1807. The house where he was born 
stands on the corner of Pore and Hancock Streets. It is 
" an old, square, wooden hou.se upon the edge of the sea." 
At the time when it was built by the poet's father, Hon. 
Stephen Longfellow, the sea flowed up to the edge of the 
road opposite, but it has since been pushed away by the 
made land of the Grand Trunk Railway. The house is 
three stories, and still in a good state of preservation. 

Of the writings of Mr. Longfellow it is unneces.sary here 
to speak : they are known and admired wherever the Eng- 
lish language is spoken, and have been translated into many 
foreign languages. As a poet and man of letters he occu- 
pies a place second to no other American author in the 
hearts and affections of thousands at home and abroad 
who have been charmed and inspired to nobler thought 
and endeavor by the beauty and purity of his writings. 
In his poem entitled " My Lost Youth" he speaks of 

Portland as 

" the beautiful town 

That is seated by the sea." 

Nathaniel Parker Willis was born in Portland Jan. 20, 
1807, but little over a .short month earlier than Mr. Long- 
fellow. It is rare that two such poets are born in the same 
city so near the same time ; a parallel instance probably 
cannot be found. Mr. Willis was descended from an an- 
cestry of publishers : his father and grandfather, both of 
whom were named Nathaniel, having been printers and 
journalists by profession. The former was an apprentice 
in the same office with Benjamin Franklin ; the latter estab- 
lished the Eastern Argus in Portland, and afterwards re- 
moved to Boston, where he founded the Recorder of that 
city. 

As a poet, journalist, and letter-writer N. P. Willis was 
distinguished for his clear, sprightly, and graphic style, and 
for his rare skill in the use of words, of which his " Pen- 
cilings by the Way" may be taken as a fair example. 

The birthplace of N. P. Willis, and of his sister, Sara 
Payson Willis ("Fanny Fern"), now Mi-s. James Parton, of 
Boston, was a two-story frame house in Essex Street. The 
cradle in which all the children of the family were rocked 
is still preserved. It is of solid mahogany, and was earned 
by Mrs. Willis with the labor of her own hands. We find 
it stated iu Allibone's " Dictionary of Authors" that the 
sales of !Miss Willis' " Fern Leaves" series in Europe and 



114 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



America amounted to the sum of one hundred and eighty 
thousand dollars. Her novels have also had an unprece- 
dented popularity. 

John Neal, the veteran author, was born in Portland, 
Aug. 25, 1 793, of Quaker parentage. A large portion of 
his life was spent in his native city, and the last of his 
literary labors were devoted to an illustrated sketch-book 
of its men and institutions, full of that piquant and racy 
style of de.scription of which he was master. Mr. Neal 
was one of the most original minds of his time, — too full 
of ideas and impulse to pay much regard to the mechanical 
part of literature ; frank and ingenious to a fault, a con- 
noisseur in art and letters, a severe critic, a generous and 
whole-souled friend, a most interesting iind agreeable com- 
panion. His richly-endowed and well-stored mind was 
constantly bubbling over with the exuberance of its treas- 
ures. In personal appearance he was a man whom strangers 
would stop to gaze at in passing, or be struck with his 
presence on meeting him, — tall, commanding, and of a 
powerful cast of head and fSice. 

A notable poem of Mr. Neal's, entitled the " Battle of 
Niagara," was published as long ago as 1818. He went to 
England, where, in 1824, he was one of the contributors to 
Blackwood's Magazine, and enjoyed the friendship of 
Jeremy Bentham. On his return, enriched by foreign 
travel and observation, he extended a liberal hand of sym- 
pathy and help to every local artist and author whose 
promise of success he had the sagacity to foresee and to 
predict. Thus he became the patron and confidential 
friend of Akers, Codman, Tilton, Simmonds, and many 
others, whose latent genius in art and letters he encouraged 
and aided in bringing to fruition. As a poet, novelist, jour- 
nalist, and contributor to magazine literature Mr. Neal was 
a voluminous and successful writer. 

Nathaniel Hawthorne, the novelist, although not a native 
of this county, spent a portion of his boyhood day.s in the 
vicinity of Lake Sebago. At South Caseo, on the Raymond 
side, is the Union church, formerly Scribner's Inn, the resi- 
dence of Mrs. Hawthorne and the boyhood home of the 
great novelist. A short distance above this stood the old 
mill, then deserted, in which Hawthorne used to practice 
some of his earliest ventures in story-writing. A manu- 
script was found there many years afterwards in overhaul- 
ing and refitting the mill. The Images at the lower end of 
the cape was a favorite resort of the young novelist, where, 
it is said, he was accustomed to loiter in his little boat and 
vi.sit the " cave" in this peculiar rocky formation. No doubt 
the wild scenery and solitude of this situation had something 
to do in fostering that poetic susceptibility and retiring 
disposition so characteristic of Hawthorne in after-life. 

Among the native sculptors, no doubt, Benjamin Paul 
Akers deserves the first place. He was born at Sacoarappa, 
in the town of We-stbrook. Ho passed his early life in brick- 
yards and lumber-mills, occasionally laboring on his father's 
littie homestead. His first attempt at art was a life-sized 
medallion in clay. He had never .seen such a head any- 
where, either in living form or painting ; but, in his own 
language, the production was " altogether his own ideal of 
the Saviour." He next produced a very excellent bust of 
Mr. Bradley, a member of the bar in his neighborhood. 



Among the noted works of Mr. Akers were his " Lady 
Jane Grey," " Benjamin," and the " Pearl Diver." He 
died young in Italy, leaving a brother Charles (or Karl, as 
he chose to be called), who was also gifted as a sculptor. 

Franklin Simmonds was another sculptor of Portland. 
The first of his successful achievements was an ideal statue 
of " Roger Williams," executed for the city of Providence, 
an admirable embodiment of the Puritan character. He 
next produced the " Mother of Moses," with a child in her 
lap, life size, — so fine a work of art as to fix his reputation 
beyond question. He afterwards completed several beauti- 
ful designs for soldiers' monuments, and just before his de- 
parture for Italy executed a fine bust of Hon. John B. 
Brown, of Portland. 

Among landscape painters we mention Charles Codman 
and others. Those born here, or making their first appear- 
ance here, have given Portland a high reputation. 

Charles Codman began as a sign-painter on Middle Street. 
He had previously served his time with Willard, the clock- 
maker, and exhibited great taste and skill in painting clock- 
faces and small landscapes on gla.ss. After this he decorated 
in oil tapestry one of the hotels in the city, which first at- 
tracted attention to his genius ; then he painted marine 
views, summer landscapes, and many pieces of rare merit, 
gaining in popularity, so that no local collection was consid- 
ered complete without one or more of his pictures in it. Ho 
received many orders from all parts of the country, and was 
engaged in his work till the time of his death. 

John Rollin Tilton painted some fine pictures among his 
early efibrts, which are in the possession of Hon. J. B. 
Brown, Dr. James M. Cummings, and others of Portland. 
After spending some time in Italy he produced some fine 
sketches of scenes in Rome and other parts of Europe, and 
his water-colored studies of Egypt, which are considered in 
some respects his best work. For these latter he refused 
some thousands of dollars. His '-St. George of the Sea- 
weed Lsle" has been much admired, and he has established 
a high reputation among American artists. 

Another of the landscape painters is Harry Brown, author 
of a collection of marine views, which Mr. Neal has pro- 
nounced " rich, exuberant, and overflowing with sunshine 
and truthfulness." 

Charles E. Beckett was a painter of some considerable 
reputation. He has a daughter, who is thought to surpass 
her father in some respects, especially as a colorist. 

John B. Hudson, an artist of fine abilities, is resident in 
Portland. 

The prose writers of Portland and vicinity have been num- 
berless, and, almost without exception, above the average. 

Samuel Freeman was the editor of Smith's and Deane's 
" Journals" — a treasury of hou.sehold incidents and historic 
facts relating to Falmouth and Portland, published in 1821. 
Samuel Freeman was the eldest son of Enoch Freeman, 
and was born in Falmouth on the 15th of June, 1742. 
The family originally settled in Watertown, Mass., but this 
branch moved to the Old Colony. He traded and kept 
school previous to the Revolution. He first came into 
notice as a public man in 1774, when he warmly advocated 
the rights of the colonies. In 1775, having just attained 
the ago of thirty-throe, he was chosen sole delegate to the 




fp<^yi/i.ZXA^ 



AUTHORS AND ARTISTS. 



115 



Provincial Congress from Falmouth, and was re-electod in 
1776-78 ; he was appointed Secretary of Congress in 1775, 
the duties of which office he ably and satisfiictorily dis- 
charged for three years. In 1775 he was appointed clerk 
of the courts in this county, and held the office, with the 
exception of one year in the administration of Mr. Gerry, 
until 1820, a period of forti/six years. The same year he 
received the appointment of register of probate, which he 
held until he was commissioned judge of probate in 1804 
the duties of which office he faithfully discharged until 
1820. He was also postmaster from 1775 to 1804. The 
confidence reposed in him by his fellow-citizens was no less 
conspicuous than that of government; in 1788 he was 
elected one of the selectmen of the town, and with the ex- 
ception of one year was annually re-elected twenty-five 
years. In 1781 he was chosen deacon of the first parish, 
and held the office about forty-five years. In 1802 he was 
appointed president of the Maine Bank in Portland, which 
he held for several successive years, and was also a number 
of years president of the overseers of Bowdoin College. 
These numerous and varied offices he filled with singular 
industry, fidelity, and accuracy, and, by a judicious arrange- 
ment of his employments, still had time to spare for the 
charities of life. His active and benevolent mind sought 
relief from the toils of official duty in the humble walks of 
beneficence ; and we find him originating and aiding by his 
money, his example, and his personal efforts, all the institu- 
tions whose tendency was to elevate the tone of society and 
to improve the manners and morals of the people. Not- 
withstanding his numerous avocations he turned to account 
his peculiar talent as a draughtsman, and published the 
Town Officer, Clerk's Assistant, and Probate Directory, 
which, in an age when there were few lawyers and no books 
of practical forms in common u.se, had a very rapid and 
extensive circulation, and passed through several editions. 
In the latter part of his life, when he had thrown off the 
cares of office, Mr. Freeman found employment in digesting 
the manuscript journal of the Rev. Mr. Smith, and collect- 
ing information relative to the town and county. This he 
published in 1821, and thus preserved from destruction 
many valuable materials for history. In reading the ex- 
tracts from Mr. Smith's "Journal," we cannot but deeply 
regret tliat the editor should have been placed under an 
injunction to destroy what he did not use, and that thus by 
far the larger portion of the journal is lost forever. Such 
are some of the particulars in the useful and protracted life 
of this venerable man. In bis domestic and private char- 
acter he may be traced by the same lines of kindness, be- 
nevolence, and integrity which marked bis public course. 
He was twice married. His first wife. Miss Fowle, of Water- 
town, Mass., died in 1785, at the early age of thirty ; he 
married in 178C the widow of Pearson Jones and daughter 
of Enoch Ilsley, with whom he lived forty-four years, and 
whom he survived about a year. He died in June, 1831, 
aged eighty, leaving children by both of his wives. 

He held at one time the several offices of delegate to the 
general court, its secretary, clerk of the courts, postmaster, 
and register of probate. At another period, he was at the 
same time judge of probate, clerk of the courts, postmaster, 
selectman, president of the Maine Bank, president of the 



board of overseers uf Bowdoin College, deacon of the first 
church, and an active member of several societies. 

Hon. William Willis was by far the most voluminous 
historical writer in this portion of New England. Be- 
sides the numerous volumes which he wrote and edited, 
and his many elaborate papers and articles furnished for 
periodicals, he was a constant contributor up to his last 
days to the daily press of Portland. He kept a private 
diary, which began in 1844, and continued, with scarcely 
an interruption of its daily entry, till within four days of 
his decease. He had commenced to keep a journal as early 
as 1815, but for some cause it w:is discontinued; the four 
folios, embracing twenty-six years, are all that survive 
him. The peculiarities of the seasons and the range of the 
thermometer during those twenty-six years may be ascer- 
tained with considerable accuracy from this journal. By 
his habit of collecting facts respecting people and fiimilies, 
he was prepared, on the death of almost any person in the 
community, to prepare and furnish to the press an obituary 
notice surprisingly accurate in all its details. This made 
his services of much value in that department, and added 
essentially to his qualifications as a historian. 

Mr. Willis bequeathed to the Public Library of Portland 
a large portion of his own private library and his manu- 
scripts ; these contain a folio volume of genealogical and 
biographical sketches and memoranda of great interest, as 
showing the materials with which he was constantly fur- 
nishing himself for future use. The published works of 
Mr. Willis were the following : 

History of Portland, 18.31 ; A Bibliography of the State 
of Maine, in Norton's Literary Letter, No. 4, 1859 ; a 
similar one, published after his death, on the writer.s, native 
and resident, of Maine, — Historical Magazine, March, 1870. 
A Summary of Voyages made to the North Atlantic Coast of 
this Continent in the Sixteenth Century, — New England 
Historical and Genealogical Register, April, 1869 ; also 
in the same, an Essay on the Early Collections of Voyages 
to America. A Sketch of the Origin and Progress of the 
Maine Historical Society, — Historical Magazine, January, 
1868. A Paper on the Early Settlers of New Hampshire, 
— New England Historical and Genealogical Register, 
1868. Notice of Folsom's Catalogue of Original Docu- 
ments in the English Archives, relating to the Early His- 
tory of Maine, 1808 ; Titles conferred on Americans, — 
Historical Magazine, January, 1866. Descent of Hon. 
Isaac Royall, and Long Pastorates of the First Parish of 
Portland, — Historical Magazine, 186G. A Genealogy of 
the McKinstry Family, — New England Historical and 
Genealogical Register, 1859—60. 

For the Law Reporter he furnished reports of causes and 
decisions in the Supreme Judicial Court of Maine ; and in 
December, 1848, a paper on Judicial Changes in Maine. 

He edited all the seven volumes of the " Maine Historical 
Collections," and all but one contain one or more valuable 
contributions from his pen. He republished the Journals of 
Rev. Messrs. Smith and Deane, with copious notes, bio- 
graphical sketches, and an introduction, in 1849, and a new 
edition of his " History of Portland," in 1865. In 1863 
appeared his " History of the Law, the Courts, and the 
Lawyers of Maine," one vol., Svo, pp. 712. 



llfi 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Mr. Willis Wiw .-iucuessively elected corresponding aud 
honorary member of most of the historical societies in the 
United States, and in 18(57 he received from Bowdoin Col- 
lege the honorary degree of LL.D. He died on the 17th of 
February, 1870. Fitting notices of his death were taken 
by the municipal authorities of the city of Portland, by the 
Cumberland bar, and by the Maine Historical Society. 

The following is a brief notice of other authors and their 
works in Portland and Cumberland County : 

Rev. Ichabod Nichols, D.D., was the author of works on 
" Natural Theology," " Natural History," and " Hours with 
the Evangelists." 

Isaac Ray, M.D., produced works entitled " Conversa- 
tions on the Animal Economy," and " Lectures on Botany," 
both remarkable for clearness and precision of language. 
Dr. Ray went to Eastport from Portland, and afterwards 
had charge of the Insane Asylum at Augusta. 

Rev. Edward Payson, D.D., published works on theology ; 
also Rev. Dr. W. T. Dwight, Rev. Dr. J. W. Chickering, 
Rev. Jason Whitman, Rev. Wm. B. Ilayden, and Rev. Dr. 
Thomas Hill, formerly president of Harvard University. 
Rev. Cyrus Bartol, D.D., author of " Church and Congre- 
gation," " Radical Problems," etc., lived for a time in Port- 
land. Authors in science and natural history, — William 
B. Sewall, Dr. J. W. Ingalls. 

Nathaniel Deering, a graduate of Harvard in 1810, while 
following the law as a profession, devoted his leisure hours 
to literature. His chief productions were two five-act 
tragedies,—" Carrabassett" and " Bozzaris," — which have 
been much admired. His miscellaneous tales and poems 
contain much of the humor of " Down East" life. 

Among other poets, resident aud native, were Grenville 
Mellen, brother of Chief Justice Mellen ; Mrs. E. A. 
Oakes Smith, author of "The Siuless Child," and formerly 
a prolific contributor to magazine literature ; S. B. Beckett, 
author of " Hester," a narrative and descriptive poem of 
considerable merit. Mr. Beckett is a good prose writer and 
statistician, and has for a number of years prepared and 
published the directories of Portland. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Akers Allen has written poems that have 
had a wide circulation, both in book form and through the 
periodicals of the day. She is among the most sprightly 
and original of newspaper correspondents. Her poem, 
" Rock Me to Sleep, Mother," is one of deserved popu- 
larity. A critic remarks, " Much of her poetry is really 
exquisite." In her contribution and correspondence she 
wrote under the no7n de plume of " Florence Percy." A 
volume of her fugitive poems appeared in Portland just 
before her marriage to Mr. Akers, whom she accompanied 
to Italy, and buried there. She is now on the editorial 
staff of one of the daily papers of Portland. 

Mr. D. C. Colesworthy has written quite a large number 
of volumes. Among them are " Chronicles of Casco Bay," 
1850; "Old Bureaus," ISlU ; '■ Hints on Common Polite- 
ness," 1867, and many more. Among writers of talcs and 
romance are J. H. Ingrahani and Charles P. Ilsley, whose tales 
of Indian warfare and frontier life in Maine have been very 
popular. Of this class also are Mrs. Clara Barnes Martin, 
who wrote " Mount Desert," the " Little Nortons," and 
others; Mrs. Margaret J. M. Sweat, in " High-Ways aud 



By-Ways," " Ethel's Love Life," etc. ; Mrs. Elizabeth 
(Payson) Prentice, aud Mrs. Ann S. Stephens, the prolific 
novel-writer, who lived at one time in Portland, though 
born in Derby, Couu. ; Mrs. W. H. Alderdice, author of a 
new novel called " Heart's Delight." Edward Payson, son 
of the eloquent divine. Rev. Dr. Payson, has published a 
popular novel entitled " Doctor Tom.' Rev. Elijah Kel- 
logg is the author of many instructive and u.seful books for 
boys, and of romances founded on the incidents of pioneer 
life in this portion of Maine, very readable and instructive. 
Other writers are George Payson and Mrs. Samuel Cole- 
man ; Bishop Horatio Southgate has written travels ; Prof. 
Edward S. Morse has gained distinction as a lecturer and 
writer of works on natural history. 

We give in addition to the above the following catalogue 
of books and authors of this county : Rev. Cyril Pearl, 
" Youth's Book," " Spectral Visitants ;" Rev. C. Soule, 
" Questions on Upham's Mental Philosophy ;" William D. 
Warren, " School Geography and Atlas," " Household Con- 
secration and Baptism ;" J. O'Donnell, " Juryman's Guide;" 
Miss Morrill, " Blacklyn Swamp;" D. C. Colesworthy, 
" My Minister," " Sketches of the Character of Rev. 
Charles Jenkins;" Rev. C. C. Burr, " Neal Ronello," 
" Discourse on Revivals ; " Rev. George Quinby, " Sermons 
and Prayers by Fifteen Universalist Clergymen ;" Daniel 
D. Smith, " Lectures on Domestic Duties ;" Mrs. D. Reed, 
" Wild Flowers ;" Rev. L. L. Sadler, " Lectures on the 
Prophecy of Daniel," " Catechism on Matthew's Gospel, in 
Two Parts ;" Rev. Jason Whitman, " Helps for Young 
Christians," " The Sunday-School," " Discourses on the 
Lord's Prayer," "Young Men's Assistant," "Young Ladies' 
Aid ;" E. B. Fletcher, " Man Immortal," " The National 
Book of the Sabbath ;" William Smith, " New Elementary 
Algebra;" Benjamin Kingsbury, Jr., "Maine Townsman 
and Probate Manual;" Simon Grceuleaf, nine volumes of 
"Maine Reports;" Moses Sawyer, " Lieutenant Burn," a 
novel; Allen H. Weld, "Progressive Grammar," " Pro- 
gre.ssive Parsing-Book," " New Grammar," " Latin Lessons 
and Reader;" E. P. We.ston, " Northern Monthly," "Views 
of Heart and Home ;" J. M. Gould, " History of l-10-29th 
Maine Regiment ;" Rev. S. M. Putnam, " Prayers from 
the Scriptures," " Old Divines and the Poets ;" Rev. 
Samuel Deane, D.D., " Pitchwood Hill," a poeui, and 
"Geological Dictionary, or New England Farmer," 1790; 
P. W. Phuumer, "The Carpenter's Guide;" Mrs. C. W. 
D. Strout, "Slippery Paths;" William Warren, D.D., 
"These for Those," "Our Indebtedness to Missions," 
" Twelve Years with Children ;'' William Wirt Virgin, 
" Supplemental Digest of Maine," pp. 620, 8vo ; Vol. 57, 
"Maine Reports," pp. 660, 8vo; Vol. 58, "Maine Re- 
ports," pp. 676, 8vo ; " Maine Civil Officers ;" Walter 
Wells, " Watcr-Power of Maine ;" Josiah Pierce, " His- 
tory of Gorham ;" Thomas Laurens Smith, " History of 
Windham ;" Horatio Southgate, " History of Scarborough ;" 
Gen. J. Mar.shall Brown, " E.xploring Voyages of Cham- 
plain in the Gulf of Maine;" George Augustus Wheeler, 
51. D., and Henry Warren Wheeler, " History of Bruns- 
wick, Topsham, and Harpswell ;" Isaac Parsons, " Account 
of New Gloucester;" Edward Russell, " History of North 
Yarmouth ;" Augustus W. Corliss, " Old Times ;" H. W. 



THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. 



117 



llichaidsoii, " Paper Money ; A Cullectiun ol' llie Principal 
Historical Facts Bearino; upon the Current Financial Dis- 
cussion," D. Appleton & Co., New York, publishers, 1879. 

Of oificers who have achieved distinction in the navy 
this county has the honor of recognizing among its citizens 
Com. Edward Preble, son of Brig. Preble, renowned as the 
hero of Tripoli ; Rear-Admiral Alden, who fought at Vera 
Cruz, New Orleans, and Mobile, and Com. George H. 
Preble, a uaval officer of long and honorable standing. 

Among reformers may be mentioned Gen. Neal Dow, 
author of the " Maine Law," the widely-known advocate 
of temperance on the principle of prohibition. 

Of Statesmen and orators, native and resident, this county 
may claim Sargent S. Prentiss, who was born in Portland, 
but who won his reputation at the South ; William Pitt 
Fessenden, the distinguished United States Senator and 
es-Secretary of the Treasury ; Hon. George Evans, formerly 
United States Senator from this State ; Hon. Israel Wash- 
burn, Jr., whose long services in Congress and able admin- 
istration as Governor during the early part of the war of 
the Rebellion place him among the most honored citizens ; 
Hon. George T. Davis, ex-uiember of Congress from Mas- 
sachusetts, and a gentleman of brilliant reputation, both as 
an orator and conversationalist. To these names should be 
added those of many eloquent advocates and divines, espe- 
cially that of Rev. Dr. Edward Payson, early pastor of the 
Second Parish, who was the most eloquent preacher of 
New England, and perhaps of the United States in his day. 
Fuller notice of some of these men will be found in other 
portions of this work. 



CHAPTER XXL 

THE MEDICAL PKOFESSION. 

Early Physicians — Maine Medical Association — Cumberland County 
Medical Society — Portland School for Medical Instruction— Maine 
General Hospital. 

Dr. Ammi-Ruha.mah (Gutter, son of William and Re- 
becca Cutter, was born in Cambridge, Mass., May (!, 1705, 
and graduated at Harvard College in 1725. He was ordained 
the first parish minister in North Yarmouth, Nov. 8, 1730; 
married Dorothy, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Stock- 
man) Bradbury ; was dismissed iiom the church in 1735, 
on account of Arminian opinions ; after his dismissal he 
practiced medicine in North Y'armouth, and later had charge 
of the "truck-house" at Saco. While there it is said he 
prepared a dictionary of the Indian language, although the 
Work appears not now to be extant. He was captain of a 
company in the Louisbourg expedition, and died of fever 
there March, 1746. 
(^ His eldest son and namesake was physician-genei'al of 
the American army during the Revolution. He was born 
March 14, 1734-35, and died in Portsmouth, Dec. 18, 
1820. Levi Cutter, a grandson of the elder Dr. Cutter, 
was the fourth mayor of Portland, 1834-40. 

Dr. Samuel Moody was a surgeon in the army in the 
war of 1722, and afterwards received a military appoint- 
ment. He died at Brunswick, in 1758. where he was com- 



manding officer at Fort George. He wa.^ Imiii Ocl. 29, 
1699, and graduated at Harvard College in 1718. 

Dr. Nathaniel Coffin, Dr. John Lowther, and Dr. Edward 
Watts were among the physicians in Portland, or upon the 
Neck, prior to the Revolution. 

Dr. Nathaniel Jones was a physician of considerable /- 
promise, residing on Cape Elizabeth. He came from Ips- 
wich, Mass., and was in successful practice when tlie war 
of the Revolution broke out. He enlisted as a surgeon in 
the Bagaduce expedition, in which he contracted di.sease, of 
which he died soon after iiis return. 

Dr. Watts married Polly Oxnard, of Boston, in May. 
1765, and came to Portland about that time. 

The first physician who settled in Brunswick was Samuel 
Gyles, who practiced there for a short time previous to his 
death, 1738. He came from Salisbury, Mass. 

The next physician was William Spear, son of Robert 
Spear, one of the early settlers. The period of Dr. S]iear's 
practice is not certainly known, but he is believed to have 
commenced about 1740. 

Dr. Phineas Nevers was in Brunswick from 1755 to 
1765, and perhaps longer. Nothing is known of him as a 
physician. 

Dr. Samuel Duncan came to Brunswick from Topshani 
in 1770, and was in practice until his death, in 1784. He 
was a young man, but was called a skillful physician, and 
he had an extensive practice. He lived at New Meadows. 

Dr. Ebenczer II. Goss came to Brunswick during the 
Revolution. He lived at Maquoit until 1804, when he 
moved to the village, and soon after moved to Paris, Me. 
He had an extensive practice, and was accounted a good 
physician. 

Dr. Balthazar Stilkey was a Hessian surgeon, who came 
over with Burgoyne's forces, and after the war (about 1790) 
settled in Brunswick, near the present residence of Mr. 
Martin Storer, north of Cook's Corner. He practiced there 
for several years. But little is known of him. He is said 
to have been something of a quack. 

Dr. Jonathan Richardson Parker was in Brunswick for 
one or two years only, about 1799. 

Dr. Jonathan Page came to Brunswick in 1795, and 
commenced the practice of medicine in 1800. His practice 
soon became extensive, and continued increasingly so until 
his death, in 1842. He held a highly respectable rank in 
his profession. His re.sidencc was for many years in the 
house just south of the Mason Street church. 

Dr. Isaac Lincoln moved to Brunswick from Topsham 
in 1820. He enjoyed a very extensive practice until a 
short time before his death, in 186S. He held a high rank 
in his profession. He was a graduate of Harvard College. 
ISOU, and is supposed to have been the first physician in 
Brunswick who had received a collegiate education. 

John D. Lincoln, .son of Dr. Isaac Lincoln, was a gradu- 
ate of Bowdoin College, class of 1843, and of the Medical 
School of Maine, cla.ss of 1846. He practiced in Bruns- 
wick from 1846 till within a few weeks of his death, in 
1877. He was a most excellent physician, and his practice 
extended into many of the neighboring towns, and even to 
more remote portions of the State. 

Other phvsicians in Brunswick, for a short linii' only, 



118 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



h.-ivc beiMi .). D. Wells, 1829; Cu.slanaii, 18;!G; J. E. 

Shaw, 1857 ; T. S. Poster, 18G4; J. B. Soto, 1871 to 1873. 

Of those now residing in iJrunswiek, Asher Ellis com- 
menced practice in Brunswick in 1842, Nathaniel T. Pal- 
mer in 1845, Alfred Mitchell in 18G5, and Daniel P. Ellis 
in 1866. 

Although the town of Uaipswcll has been unable to <iis- 
pense entirely with the services of physicians, jet it has 
done so to a great extent. There have been but four phy- 
sicians located in the town, and, with one exception, they 
remained but a few years. The practice in the town has 
been mainly carried on by Brunswick doctor.s. Prior to 
1840 a Dr. Norton resided in the town for several years. 
lie was succeeded about 1843 by a Dr. Bliss. In 1850, 
or thereabouts, Dr. Dailey settled in this town, and has re- 
mained to the present time. In 1870, Dr. J. B. Soto .set- 
tled here, but remained but one year, when he removed to 
Brunswick, where he died. 

Dr. Gilbert Winslow began practice in North Yarmouth in 
1743, and continued till his death, Jan. 9, 1777. He was 
a son of Gilbert and Mercy (Snow) Winslow, born July 
26, 1704, and married Patience, daughter of Elder Samuel 
and Abigail Soabury. 

Dr. John Bartlett practiced medicine at North Yarmouth 
from about 1747 till 1758, at which latter date he removed 
to Lebanon, Conn. He came from Duxbury, Mass., and 
married Susannah, daughter of Deacon Jedediah and Han- 
nah (Seales) Southworth. 

William Chase was another physician of North Yarmouth. 
He commenced practice in that town in 1760, and continued 
till his death, July 22, 1798, at the age of sixty-two. 

Edward Ilussell, M.D., son of Jeremiah Russell, was 
born in Cambridge, Mass. ; graduated at Harvard, 1750 ; 
married Hannah, daughter of Parker and Lydia (Phillips) 
Clark, July 23, 1767 ; commenced practice in North Yar- 
mouth in 17G5, and practiced till his death, April 19, 1785. 

Amnii-Ruhamah Mitchell, son of Hon. David and Lu- 
cretia (Loring) Mitchell, born May 8, 1762 ; served ten 
years in the Massachusetts Legislature, and was elected Sen- 
ator in 1808. Dr. Mitchell was very successful in his 
practice ; married Phebe, daughter of Capt. William Cut- 
ter; was killed by being thrown from his carriage while on 
his way to visit a patient. May 14, 1824, Had by his wife 
Phebe a family of twelve children. 

Dr. llaynes, Dr. William Chase, and Dr. David Jones 
were physicians at North Yarmouth; Dr. Chase from 1760 
till July 22, 1798, when he died, aged sixty-two; and Dr. 
Jones (from Abington, Mass.) from 1785 till his death. 
May 14, 1824, aged sixty-two. Another of the early phy- 
sicians of the same town was William Parsons, from Glouces- 
ter, Mass. 

Dr. Elias Banks, grandfather of Dr. Charles 1']. Banks, 
of Portland, practiced in North Yarmouth from 1801 to 
1811. He was a son of Lieut. Moses and Phebe (Curtis) 
Banks, born in Scarborough, Me., Sept. 11, 1774, and 
married Lucretia, daughter of David and Elizabeth (Oakes) 
Prince. Dr. Banks at a later day practiced in Danville, 
Me., and afterwards in Portland, where he died Feb. 9, 
1841. He was a member of the old Maine Medical Society. 

Dr. Daniel Clark, from Connecticut, practiced in Yar- 



niMiith I'nini abuut 1S|() tu IS21. wlu'ii he removed to 
Thoniaston, Me. 

Dr. Gad Hitchcock, a native of Pembroke, Mass., also 
practiced in Yarmouth from 1810 to date of his death, 
Nov. 17, 1837. He died at the age of forty-nine. Dr. 
William B. Gooch removed from this town, where he had 
practiced, in 1844. Among the successful practitioners 
here were also Dr. Amos and Dr. William B. Osgood. 
Dr. Amos Osgood came to the town from Fryeburg. 

Dr. Ebenezer Burbank, born 1794, married Sophronia, 
daughter of Wentworth and Mary (Pottle) Bicker, of 
Poland, Me. ; practiced in Yarmouth thirty-seven yeai-s ; 
died March, 1867, aged seventy-three years. His only son, 
Augustus H. Burbank, M.D., now in active practice in 
Yarmouth, is a graduate of Harvard Medical College. He 
married for his first wife Elizabeth R. Banks, daughter of 
Dr. Elias and Lucretia (Prince) Banks, who died in 1870. 
His second wife was Miss Thompson, of Yarmouth. 

Other physicians of Y'^armouth have been Dr. Lewis 
Whitney, who died May, 1857; Dr. Greene, died 1814; 
Drs. Barston, Loring, Thompson, Harvey, Clark, and Har- 
low ; and Dr. Samuel W. Blanohard, who died in 1857, 
aged thirty-nine. 

Dr. James Bates was an old and popular physician in 
Yarmouth. He was the father of the present Dr. James 
M. Bates, who was a surgeon in the army during the late 
Rebellion, and is now in active practice in Yarmouth. The 
other physicians at present practicing in the town are Dr. 
W. W. Thomas and Dr. Richard Mace. 

Dr. Jacob Mitchell was a physician in Cumberland in 
1832. He was a son of Deacon Jacob and Phebe (Buxton) 
Mitchell, and married Statira, daughter of Capt. Solomon 
L. Blanchard, Dec. 18, 1831. 

Note. — John Holman, son of .John and Ann Holman, of iJorches- 
tei', born Feb. 2.3, 16.38, is Kupposcd to have been a physician anil 
surgeon. The York court records, 1081, mention an inquest on the 
body of Nathan Bedford "attended by Mr. Ilolman, a ehyergeon." 
This was probably the above .John Holman, who lived on Maine's 
Point at the time of the first settlement. 

MAINE MEDICAL ASSOCI.Vl'ION. 

Agreeably to a call addressed to a portion of the medical 
profession of Maine, a meeting to secure a permanent or- 
ganization of its members throughout the State was held 
at the Tontine Hotel in Brunswick, April 28, 1853. Dr. 
James McKeen, of Topsham, was chosen chairman, and 
Dr. John D. Lincoln, of Brunswick, secretary. The I'ol- 
lowing-named gentlemen were appointed a committee to 
prepare articles of organization, viz. : Di-s. Hill, Briggs, G. 
S. Palmer, Libby, Puller, Garcelon, and Benson, who re- 
ported a constitution and by-laws which were adopted by 
the association and remained in force till they were super- 
seded by the present revised constitution and by-laws The 
members named in the original organization were Isaac 
Lincoln, James McKeen, Amos Nourse, Cyrus Briggs, T. 
G. Stockbridge, H. H. Hill, Israel Putnam, Andrew J. 
Fuller, John Benson, Nathaniel T. Palmer, C. W. Whit- 
more, G. S. Palmer, A.shur Ellis, John Mathews, Joseph 
W. Ellis, Cyrus Kendrick, Jr., George E. Brickett, John 
D. Lincoln, Alonzo Garcelon, J. W. Toward, 11. W. Law- 
son, Abial Libby, J. F. Stanley, N. 11. Boutelle, John 



THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. 



119 



Hartwell, Stephen Whitniore, and Richard P. Jenness, 
with such other gentlemen as may hereafter be admitted by 
the majority of members present at an ai.iiual meeting. 

The association was incorporated by tlie following act of 
the Legislature (Chap. 492), approved March 13, 1855: 



■Au .If 



Med!,;,l Ah 



''Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in 
ecfislature assembled, as follows : 



"Section 1. H. H. Hill, John Benson, John D. Lincoln, fiilman 
Daveis, Joseph W. Ellis, John Hubbard, James MeKeen, Alonzo 
(larcelon, II, L. K. ^Viggin, John Cook, Sylvester Oakes, N. C. Har- 
ris, Alcander Burbank, William Kilbourne, J. P. Fessenden, P. Dyer, 
Edmond R. Russell, Isaac Lincoln, John T. Gilman, and others, who 
may be elected agreeably to the rules and by-laws hereafter to be es- 
tablished, are hereby created a body politic by the name of the Maine 
Medical Association, with power to sue and be sued, to have a common 
seal and to change the same, to make any by-laws not rejjugnant to 
the laws of this State, and to take and to hold any real or personal 
estate to the value of fifty thousand dollars; and to give, grant, bar- 
gain, sell; and convey the same. The use and income of said estates 
to be expended and appropriated to uses consistent with the objects 
of said Association, and as the members thereof shall direct. 

"Skc. 2. The members of said Association may elect a President, 
Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and such other officers as they 
may judge necessary and convenient, determine their respective duties, 
and limit the term of their offices, and till any vacancies therein ; 
and the President and such other oiBeers as they may direct, is hereby 
authorized to administer to the officers oaths, binding them to the 
faithful and impartial discharge of the duties of their several offices. 

•'Skc. ."J. At any annual meeting, and at no other, the members 
of the Association may duly elect any suitable person a member of 
said Association ; prvvided, that no person shall be so elected who has 
not received the degree of doctor in medicine from some medical in- 
stitution duly authorized to confer the same, nor unless he shall have 
passed a successful examination, and be approved by the censors of 
this Association as a suitable person and properly qualified to become 
a member thereof. 

"Sec. 4. Al the first meeting of said As.sociation, and at every 
annual meeting thereafter, it shall be the duty of the A.ssooiation to 
choose such number of censors or examiners as they shall deem proper 
and necessary for the examination of candidates for election, and 
every candidate examined, approved, and elected, shall be entitled to 
receive letters testimonial, which the Association is hereby authorized 
and empowered to confer, in accordance with its by-laws and consti- 
tution. 

"Sec. 5. Prior to the adjournment of the first meeting, and of 
each succeeding meeting, the time and pl.ace of holding the next suc- 
ceeding meeting shall be designated, and when the Association does 
adjourn, it shall adjourn accordingly. 

"Sec. 6. The first meeting of said Association shall be held in 
Belfast, in the County of AValdo, on the first Wednesday of June, in 
the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, at 
ten of the clock in the forenoon. 

"Sec. 7. This .Association .shall have power to institute local 
County Societies in any part of this State, when they may be satisfied 
the science and practice of Medicine and Surgery will be benefited 
and elevated thereby, and to annul the same when a majority of the 
members present at any annual meeting shall deem its beneficial in- 
fluence to have ceased.'' 

List of Members. — The following list cont;tins only the 
names of those members of the Maine Medical Association 
who have been resident physicians in Cumberland County, 
with the place of residence of each, and the date of mem- 
bership placed before each year's list : 

1853. — Isaac Lincoln,* Brunswick ; 8. H. Tewksbury, 
Portland; Joel Houghton, Portland; Israel T. Dana, Port- 
laud ; Sumner B. Chase, Portland ; John T. Gilman, Port- 
land ; William C. Robinson,* Portland ; Gilmau Daveis,* 



Portland ; A. H. Burbank, Yarmouth ; William Marrett,* 
Sacearappa ; John D. Lincoln,* Brunswick ; Ebenezcr 
Wells, Freeport. 

185-1.— Samuel W. Blanchard,* Yarmouth ; William 
Wood, Portland ; Chas. S. D. Fe.«senden, Portland ; 0. E. 
Durgin, Portland ; John C. Plumer, Portland ; Richard P. 
Jenness, Sacearappa ; L. Clinton Gilson, Portland ; E. P. Le 
Prohon, Portland; E. Parsons,* Portland; Alexander Par- 
sons, Portland; Charles II. Osgood, Portland; J. F. Durgin, 
Portland ; Charles W. Thomas,* Portland ; John E. Dun- 
nell,* Harrison ; Henry T. Cummings, Portland. 

1857. — Simon Fitch, Portland; John E. Shaw, Bruns- 
wick; D. 0. Perry,* Portland. 

1858.— George H. Nichols, Standish ; William Osgood, 
North Yarmouth ; Seth C. Gordon, Gorham ; John Buzzell, 
Cape Elizabeth ; George H. Chadwick, Portland ; Thomas 
H. Breslin,* Portland^ W. R. Richardson, Portland; Wil- 
liam Wescott,* Standish ; E. Stone, Westbrook ; Thomas 
H. Merrill,* Portland ; R. W. Cummings, Portland. 

1859.— C. H. Burbank, Portland. 

1863.— Josiah T. Day, Jr., Portland ; George L. Good- 
ale, Portland ; Horace C. White, Harpswell ; Nathaniel 
Shannon, Cape Elizabeth ; Charles Hutchenson, Gray ; J. 
P. Webb, Bridgton ; G. L. Kilgore, Windham ; L. W. 
Houghton,* Portland ; B. F. Fogg,* Portland. 

1 864.— A. S. Thayer, Portland ; S. E. Sylvester, Portland. 

1865.— Alfred Mitchell, Brunswick ; George E. Webber, 
Portland; Benjamin F. Sturgis, New Gloucester; Gardner 
Liidwig, Portland ; William B. Cobb, Standish ; A. M. 
Parker, Westbrook ; J. Addison Parsons, Windham ; 
Edwin H. Vose, Gorham ; Thomas F. Perley, Portland ; 
J. D. Nutting. Otisfield. 

1866.— P. Wadsworth, Jr., Portland; B. T. Sanborn, 
Standish ; H. N. Small, Portland ; Alden T. Keen, Gorham ; 
John De Laski, Falmouth; S. P. Getchell, Raymond; 
George F. French, Portland ; Ira C. Sawyer, Naples ; A. 0. 
Shaw, Portland ; Daniel F. Ellis, Brunswick ; S. C. Haw- 
kins,* Portland. 

1867.— Henry P. Merrill, Portland ; Eaton S. Hatch, 
Portland ; F. S. Hall,* Casco ; J. W. Lowell, Ferry Village ; 
Henry H. Hunt, Gorham ; Henry I. Jordan,* Westbrook ; 
Frank Carter, Portland ; C. A. Bobbins, Brunswick ; Nel- 
son H. Carey, Gorham. 

1868. — Joseph Sturtevant, Scarborough ; Charles 0. 
Hunt, Portland; Albion Cobb, Webb's Mills; James G. 
Sturgis, Standish. 

1369. — Frederic Henry Gerrish, Portland ; Cliaries E. 
Webster, Portland ; J. J. Sturgis, Windham ; J. L. Ben- 
nett, Bridgton ; Charies II. Reynolds,* Gorham. 

1,S70. — B. B. Foster, Portland; S. H. Weeks, Portland; 
Eugene W. Brooks, Portland ; P. A. Stanley, Portland. 

1871.— A. Q. Marshall, New Gloucester; B. F. Dunn, 
Windham ; Frank E. Hitchcock, Portland ; Reuben D. 
Small, Portland. 

1872. — Rothcus A. Gray, Sacearappa ; A. P. Topliff, 
Gorham ; J. B. Soto,* Brunswick. 

Ig73. — D. H. Dole, Cape Elizabeth ; C, W. Stockman, 
Portland ; Charles A. Ring, Portland. 

1374. — Milton W. Hall, Cumberland; A. Lewis Gau- 
bcrt, Portland ; Charies W. Bray, Portland ; D. M. Tolford, 



120 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



rorlland ; George W. Jones, Portland ; James A. Spalding, 
Portland ; J. L. Horr, Cumberland Mills ; p]rastus E. Holt, 
Portland; Egbert T. Andrews, Gray. 

1875.— Fred. Quinby, Deering ; J. F. Newman, Gray. 

1876. — W. G. Frost, Portland; Abraham G. Wendell, 
Portland ; William A. Wheeler, Portland ; George W. 
Libby, Saecarappa ; Arthur S. Bird, Portland ; John G. 
Pierce, Frecport. 

1879._Augustus P. Dudley, Portland; Isaac W. Star- 
bird, Portland. 

Officers and Delegates. — The following resident physi- 
cians of Cumberland County have been presidents of the 
Maine Medical Association: Isaac Lincoln, Brunswick, 
1853; Gilman Daveis, Portland, 1857; J. T. Gilman, 
Portland, 1863; S. H. Tewksbury, Portland, 1866; Israel 
T. Dana, Portland, 1868; J. M. Bates, Yarmouth, 1875. 

Vice-Presidents: John T. Gilman, 1853; J. D. Lincoln, 
1859; S. II. Tewksbury, 1864; Charles W. Thomas, 1865; 
J. M. Bates, 1869; E. Stone, 1S71; George F. French, 
1873; William Osgood, 1877. 

Treasurers: Gilman Daveis, 1854; J. D. Lincoln, 1857; 
Thomas A. Foster, 1864-78; A. S. Thayer, 1878. 

Corresponding Secretaries: John D. Lincoln, Brunswick, 
1854; Gilman Daveis, Portland, 1855; W. C. Robin.son, 
Portland, 1859; S. H. Tewksbury, Portland, 1860; G. H. 
Cliadwick, Portland, 1861 ; J. D. Lincoln, Brunswick, 1863; 
J. iM. Bates, Yarmouth, 1865; A. H. Burbank, Yarmouth, 
1866; S. H. Weeks, Portland, 1870-78. 

Recording Secretaries: A. H. Burbank, Yarmouth, 1857 ; 
G H. Chadwick, Portland, 1860; Thomas A. Foster, Port- 
land, 1862; George L. Goodale, Portland, 1863-66; E. 
0. Vose, Gorham, 1866-68; Charles 0. Hunt, Portland, 
1868-78. 

Members of Standing Committee:* Composed of one 
member from each county for each year. The following 
have served from this county: William Marrett, 1854; 
John D. Lincoln, 1855; S. H. Tewksbury, 1856; O. E. 
Durgin, 1857; A. H. Burbank, 1858-60; S. C. Gordon, 
1860; Israel T. Dana, 1861; W. C. Robinson, 1862; C. 
W. Thomas, 1863-65; S. H. Tewksbury, 1865; G. H. 
Chadwick, 1866-68; S. II. Weeks, 1868; H. N. Small, 
1869-71; S.C.Gordon, 1871; H. H. Hunt, 1872; S. H. 
Weeks, 1873. 

Members of Board of Censors: Israel T. Dana, 1874; 
A. S. Thayer, 1875-77 ; Frederic Henry Gerrish, 1877-78; 
H. H. Hunt, 1878. 

Jlenibers of Committee on Publication : Charles 0. Hunt, 
by virtue of his office as recording secretary, 1868-79; 
II. N. Small, John Buzzell, William B. Cobb, 1874 ; S. C. 
Gordon, F. H. Gerrish, 1875; G. F. French, William Os- 
good, 1876; S. H. Weeks, C. II. Bray, 1877; A. H. Bur- 
bank, G. F. French, C. W. Bray, 1878. 

Business Committee: John D. Lincoln, 1876; N. A. 
Hersom, 1877; S. C. Gordon, William O.sgood, 1878. 

Delegates to Medical Societies. — New Hampshire Medi- 
cal Society: A. S. Thayer, 1874; L. IngallS, 1878. 

Rhode Island Medical Society: S. H. Weeks, 1874; C. 
E. Webster, 1877. 

«Cliiii)giMl lo liiiiird uf Consiirs, lS7:t, 



New York Medical Society : J. M. Bates, 1874 ; S. C. 
Gordon, H. N. Small, 1875; Israel T. Dana, C. 0. Files, 
W. G. Frost, 1877. 

Canadian Medical Society: S. H. Tewksbury, 1874-76; 
W. W. Greene, G. Ludwig, 1877; G. F. French, 1878. 

Vermont Medical Society: N. A. Hersom, William B. 
Cobb, 1875; S. II. Week.s, 1876; William B. Cobb, 1877. 

Pennsylvania Medical Society: Israel T. Dana, 1875; 
S. C. Gordon, C. 0. Hunt, 1877 ; William O.sgood, 1878. 

Medical School of Maine: T. A. Foster, 1875. 

Massachusetts Medical Society: Israel T. Dana, 1876; 
S. H. Week.s, 1877 ; Israel T. Dana, S. C. Gordon, 1878. 

Connecticut Medical Society ; N. A. Hersom, 1876 ; C. 
S. D. Fessenden, E. E. Holt, 1877 ; C. E. Webster, 1878. 

New Jersey Medical Society: J. M. Bates, 1876; T. A. 
Foster, J. M. Bates, 1877. 

American Medical Association : William W. Greene, John 
D. Lincoln, T. A. Foster, A. S. Thayer, 1876 ; A. S. Thayer, 
H. N. Small, George F. French, 1877; H. H. Hunt, 1878. 

International Medical Congress: Frederic Henry Gerrish, 
187G. 

Committee on Maine General Hospital ; John T. Gilman, 
1874-76. 

Geo. Franklin French, of Portland, Me., was born 
Oct. 30, 1837, in Dover, N. H. ; he graduated at Har- 
vard University (A.B., 1859 ; A.M., M.D., 1862) ; served 
three years as a surgeon in the war of the Rebellion, at the 
close of which was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for merito- 
rious service, subsequently declining a commission in the 
regular army. In 1866 he began the private practice of 
medicine at Portland, Me., where he continues to reside. 
He is a member of the American Association for the Ad- 
vancement cf Science, American Public Health Associa- 
tion, Maine Medical Association, and Cumberland County 
Medical Association. He was a prominent contributor to 
the " Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Re- 
bellion," the author of " The Treatment of Orthopnoea by 
Mechanical Support," " A New Method of Skin-Grafting," 
" Opium Antidote Fraud," and the inventor of several use- 
ful .surgical instruments, well known to the profession. He 
is instructor in practice, and clinical lecturer on diseases 
of the skin in the " Portland School for Medical Instruc- 
tion," and was a member of the original staff of the Maine 
General Hospital. During his service in the army he was 
in charge of several large hospitals ; Surgeon-in-Chief, 1st 
Division, 15th Army Corps, in " Sherman's March to the 
Sea," and personal-staff surgeon of Gen. U. S. Grant at 
Vicksburg. Ho was married, Oct. 14, 1863, to Clara H., 
daughter of Dr. Levi G. Hill, of Dover, N. II. 

John Taylor Gilman. — From the time of the first 
Councilor Gilman, who was born in Hingham, England, in 
1624, and settled in Exeter, N. H., about 1 648, the political, 
ecclesiastical, social, and financial history of New Hamp- 
shire was more influenced by the Gilman family than by any 
other, for a century and a half at least. Other names, like 
those of Wentworth, Waldron, Weares, Stark, Langdon, 
Sullivan, and Scammel, were more prominent for a time, 
but the Gilmans, though seldom in the highest places, for 
more than a century, came gradually to the control of affairs. 




V 



THE MKDICAI. PROFESSION. 



121 



which they managed with energy, good sense, and a busi- 
ness talent that was indispensable, from 1775 till 1816, 
when Governor Gilman retired from public life. 

Nicholas Gilman, grandfiither of Dr. Gilman, was born 
Oct. 21, 1731 ; married Ann, daughter of Rev. John Tay- 
lor, of Milton, and Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Nathaniel 
Rogers, a descendant of the Pilgrims of Plymouth. 

He was treasurer of the State of New Hampsliire from 
1775 to 1782, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, 
John Taylor. He was Continental Loan officer, one of the 
chief members of the Committee of Safety, and councilor of 
the State from 1777 to the day of his death, April 7, 1788. 
His relation to the financial affairs of New Hampshire is 
said to have been much as that of Robert Morris to those 
of the nation, and he managed them with the same pru- 
dence and skill. 

John Taylor Gilman was born in 1754, and died in 1828. 
He was a volunteer in the Revolutionary army ; a delegate 
from New Hampshire in 1780 to the Hartford Convention ; 
a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1782-83, in the 
latter year succeeding his father as treasurer of New 
Hampshire. This office he resigned to become a commis- 
sioner to settle certain accounts for the States, but was re- 
elected in 1791. He was Governor of New Hampshire 
from 1794 to 1805, and again from 1813 to 1815, when he 
declined a re-election. 

Hon. Nicholas Gilman, second son, born Aug. 3, 1755, 
was a delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental 
Congress, from 1786 to 1788 ; a member of the convention 
that framed the constitution, and signed that instrument. 
After the adoption of the constitution he was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from 1789 to 1797 ; and was 
a Senator in Congress from New Hampshire, from 1805 to 
1814. He died May 2, 1814. 

Col. Nathaniel Gilman, third son, and father of the sub- 
ject of this sketch, born Nov. 10, 1759, died at Exeter, 
N. H., Jan. 26, 1847. He first married, Dec. 29, 1785, 
Abigail, daughter of Rev. Woodbridge Odlin, who was born 
in 1708, died Aug. 10, 1796; second, Dorothy, daughter 
of Nathaniel Folsom, of Portsmouth, who was born March 
25, 1775, and died Feb. 22, 1859. He succeeded his 
eldest brother, John Taylor, in the treasury department, — ■ 
Continental Loan Office, — as early as 1783 ; a member of 
the State Senate in 1795 and 1802 ; Representative in 
1804; and State Treasurer from 1805 to 1814, inclusive, 
exclusive of 1809 and 1810. A writer in Exeter says of 
him, " He was a man too well known in this community, 
and too universally reverenced and beloved, to need an 
eulogy." 

John Taylor Gilman, son of Col. Nathaniel and Dorothy 
(Folsom) Gilman, physician and surgeon of Portland, was 
born in Exeter, N. H., May 9, 180C, and was fitted for 
college at Phillips (^Exeter) Academy ; admitted to Bow- 
doin College, 1822 ; entered upon his baccalaureate, 1826 ; 
studied medicine in the office of William Perry, M.D., 
Kxeter, N. H., and received medical diploma at Bowdoin in 
1829 ; for anatomical and clinical instruction passed por- 
tions of the years 1830-31 iu Philadelphia; oommeuced 
the practice of medicine and surgery in Portland, Me., 
Jan. 1, 1832. He was president uf Maine Medical A.sso- 
16 



ciation 1864; overseer and is now a trustee of Bowdoin 
College. He is also a trustee of Maine Insane Hospital, 
and president of the board of directors of Maine General 
Hospital. Of the latter he was one of the founders, and 
during his connection with it he has given much time and 
money for its support. Dr. Gilman is characterized in the 
medical profession for his quickness of perception and 
power of ready diagnosis of a case, for his skill and success- 
ful treatment of disea.se, for his activity and prompt atten- 
tion when duty requires, and for his ever-gentlemanly 
bearing towards all. His integrity in his professional 
duties and his acknowledged ability as a physician and sur- 
geon have won the confidence of all who know him. 

It is a fact worthy of note in the professional career of 
Dr. Gilman, that lie was the first physician of the State of 
Maine who performed the unusual operation of Ciesarian 
section, which he did skillfully and successfully. Dr. Gil- 
man married, Aug. 24, 1837, Helen A., daughter of Hon. 
Reuel Williams, a United States Senator, of Augusta, Me. 

Mrs. Dr. Gilman is a lady of rare sociability and hospi- 
tality, and possesses those accomplishments in presiding over 
her household affairs that grace the sphere of woman and 
make her home the welcome place for tlie stranger as well 
as for the friend. 

Their only daughter, Helen Williams Gilman, is the 
wife of John Taylor Gilman Nichols, M.D., of Cambridge, 
Mass. 

Samuel Henry Tewksbury, M.D., physician and 
surgeon of Portland, Me., was born in Oxford, Oxford 
Co., Me., March 22, 1819. His father, Jacob Tewksbury, 
born at West Newbury, Mass., May 27, 1782, studied 
medicine with Drs. Brickett and Chase, of Newburyport, 
and received his diploma from the Massachusetts Medical 
Society in 1802. He commenced practice as a physician and 
surgeon in Oxford, — then a part of Hebron, Me., — where 
he was continuously engaged In the duties of his pro- 
fession until near the time of his death, which occurred 
Feb. 27, 1848. He married Nov. 25, 1809, Charlotte 
Nelson, who died March 29, 1869. She was a lady of 
rare intellectual and Christian excellence. Dr. Jacob 
Tewksbury was one of the founders of the Maine Sledi- 
cal Society in 1821. He commenced practicing medicine 
at a time when difficulties met the physician on every 
hand. For fifteen years he traveled on horseback, and 
afterwards made his journeys in a two-wheeled chaise, — 
the first brought into that vicinity. He was known as a very 
skillful practitioner in medicine and surgery, gifted in the 
diagnosis of disease, and made some rare operations in sur- 
sery. He was well read in the medical literature of liis 
time, and had constantly with him and educated many 
students for the profession. 

His eldest son, George F., graduated at Bowdoin Col- 
lege, iu the class of '33, at Massachusetts Theological 
Seminary, at Andover, in 1837, and is now a Congrega- 
tional clergyman at Lyman, Me. His second son, Jacob 
M., graduated in the medical department of Bowdoin Col- 
lege, iu the class of '36, practiced medicine in Oxford and 
Wiscasset, Me., for two years, iu Buenos Ayres, South 
America, until 1849, when he went to San Francisco, Cal., 
where he ac(iuired eminence and wealth. He died in Feb- 



122 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



ruaiv, 1S77. iSauiuel II., youngest son, prepared for col- 
lege at Hebron Academy, studied medicine with his father, 
and graduated in the medical department of Bowdoin 
College in the year 1841 . The following winter he attended 
lectures at Harvard College, and in the year 1843 began 
practice at Frankfort, Me. During the winter of 1843-44, 
he further prosecuted his medical studies at the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons in New York. After remaining 
a short time in Frankfort he returned to Oxford, where, in 
1844, he married Diana Eaton, daughter of Cyrus Shaw 
of that place, and entered into practice at Oxford with his 
father. 

Two years after the death of his father he removed to 
Portland, where he has remained in the continuous prac- 
tice of medicine and surgery, and in the latter ranks among 
tile first in the State. He was appointed acting assistant 
surgeon under Gen. Anderson. Dr. Tewksbury is known 
to the citizens of Portland as kind-hearted, outspoken, and 
frank in his ways, persistent to carry forward to a success- 
ful completion whatever he conceives to be right, and un- 
commonly encouraging to the younger members of the 
profession, whom ho is ever ready to counsel and assist. 
He has a warm attachment for his many friends. 

Among the first rare surgical operations performed' by Dr. 
Tewksbury was Symes' amputation at the ankle-joint, in 
1856, upon a lady thirty-three years of age. This operation 
was attended with marked success, so that when an artificial 
foot was adjusted the patient had power of locomotion to an 
almost perfect degree. Then followed an amputation at the 
knee-joint upon a boy eleven years of age. In this case, 
wlien the artificial limb was applied, there was no difficulty 
experienced in bearing the whole weight of the body on 
the stump. 

This was the second operation of the kind ever performed 
in the State; the first being made by Dr. Nathan Smith, 
in 1824. In 1862 he made an excision of tlie knee-joint 
for anchylosis of four years' standing, the patient being a boy 
of nineteen years of age. In this case recovery took place 
with only two inches of shortening. In all he has made 
eleven excisions of this joint, nine of which have proved 
successful. In the same year he made an exci.sion of the 
hip-joint in a boy six years of age, removing over three inches 
of the head of the femur. Recovery took place with only 
one and a half inches of shortening, and all the lower mo- 
tions of the joint preserved. He has made many operations 
for excisions of joints, among them that of the wrist-joint, 
which was reported at length in the " Transactions of the 
American Medical Association," and has devoted most of 
his professional life to conservative surgery ; also paying 
special attention to the relief of deformities, in treating 
wliich he has met with a most marked degi-ee of success. 

For many years he stood in the front rank of the profes- 
sion, in Maine, in gynaecological practice, and many of the 
operations for diseases of females were first performed in 
the State by his hands. He was the first to operate for 
vesico-vaginal fistula ; also vesico-vaginal lithotomy. In 
ovariotomy, too, he has won for himself a prominent place 
among the surgeons of the country. 

He early identified himself willi the progress of the Maine 
Medical As.sociation, and was chosen president of that body 



in 1866, delivering his inaugural in June of the year fol- 
lowing. This address deserves more than passing notice ; 
for then, lor the first time, did the medical profession of the 
State have their attention called to matters of a public char- 
acter. The anatomy bill was brought to the notice of the 
profession, and Dr. Tewksbury labored zealously but unsuc- 
cessfully before the State Legislature in its behalf. He 
first called attention to the matter of compulsory vaccination. 
In this address, too, the matter of establishing the Maine 
General Hospital was first mentioned, and the initiatory 
steps towards forwarding this State charity were, upon the 
strength of his suggestion, adopted. 

Acting upon these suggestions, a committee was at that 
time appointed who labored hard and earnestly, and the re- 
sult of their labors stands to-day as one of our noblest State 
charities, — the Maine General Hospital. No man worked 
harder, and no man more earnestly desired the success of 
this institution, than Dr. Tewksbury ; and he was not only 
the pioneer in founding the institution, but was closely as- 
sociated with it from its very foundation to its completion, 
and was the first surgeon appointed to enter on duty after 
it was opened for the reception of patients. He continued 
in service there until 1878, when differences of opinion 
arising in regard to the management of the institution, both 
financially and otherwise, between him and the board of 
directors, his name was omitted in the election of visiting 
surgeons to the institution. 

CUMBERLAND COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY. 

The Cumberland County Medical Society was organized 
in November, 1867, at a meeting held for that purpose in 
Mechanics' Hall, in the city of Portland. Dr. S. H. Tewks- 
bury, chairman of the special committee, called the meeting 
to order, and upon his nomination Dr. John T. Gilman was 
chosen chairman j^ro lem., and Dr. S. C. Gordon, secretary. 

A committee on credentials was appointed, consisting of 
Drs. Weeks, Chadwick, and Buzzell, who reported twenty- 
three physicians present. On motion of Dr. Tewksbury, 
Drs. Foster, of Portland, Bates, of Yarmouth, and True, 
of Freeport, were appointed a committee to prepare and 
report a code of by-laws for the government of the society, 
which were accordingly reported, discussed, and adopted. 

Drs. Tewksbury, Dana, and Buzzell were appointed a com- 
mittee on nominations, and at the adjourned meeting held 
in the afternoon, reported the following list of officers, who 
were unanimously elected: A. W. Anderson, Gray, Presi- 
dent; James M. Bates, Yarmouth, Vice-President; George 
F. French, Portland, Secretary; T. A. Foster, Portland, 
Trea.surer. Business Committee: George F. French, ex- 
officlo; A. H. Burbank, Yarmouth; E. Stone, Deering; 
W. II. True, Portland ; E. N. Tewksbury, Falmouth. 

CONSTITUTION. 

" Skotion 1. Tho name of this society shall be ' The Cumberland 
County Medical Society," and its object shall bo the improvement 
of it.s members in the knowledge and treatment of di.seiise and accident. 

".Skc. 2. The officers of the society shall consist of a President, 
Vice-President, Secretary, and Treasurer, and a Business Committee 
of five, the Chairman of which shall be the Secretary. 

" Skc. .•!. The officers of this society may be elected by hand vote 
at each annual meeting, whieh shall be holden in November, at such 
place and on such day of the month as the Business Committee may 
report. 




Photo, by M. F. Kii 



5^^^ ^C^^^. 



Thomas Albeet Fosteu, M.D., son of Thomas D. 
and Joanna (Carter) Foster, was born in Montville, Waldo 
Co., Me., Feb. 20, 1827. He was fifteenth child in a 
family of twenty-one children. His father died in 1834, 
leaving his widow with a large family and limited means 
for their support. The mother, with that devotion to her 
children that only a mother can have, did her part well to 
continue the best interests of the family, and still lives to 
see the result of her moral and religious training as devel- 
oped in the mature lives of her children. 

At the age of twelve years Thomas A. went into the busy 
world to care for himself, unaided pecuniarily, but with 
that resolution and force of character that overcomes all 
difficulties, and which has been more fully developed in his 
subsequent life. His beginning was upon a farm, where 
he labored summers, and during the winter season attended 
school. His progress was so rapid that at the age of seven- 
teen he became a teacher, and for ten successive ypars, dur- 
ing the winter and fall terms, he taught school. He began 
the study of medicine, in the year 1853, with Dr. N. K. 
BoutcUe, a prominent physician of Waterville and Kennebec 
County ; attended lectures at the Albany Medical College, 
and at the Pennsylvania Jledical College in Philadelphia, 
and graduated M.D. at the latter institution in the spring 
of 1856. He commenced practice with his preceptor at 
Waterville, where he remained nearly three years ; further 
prosecuted his studies in the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons in New York, and at Philadelphia during the 
winter of 1858-59 ; and in March, 1859, came to Portland, 
where he has remained in the continuous practice of his 
profession. 

Dr. Foster is recognized by the medical profession as a 
skillful physician, conversant with the most modern and 
successful treatment of diseases, a careful counselor, and 
Well read in medical literature. His large practice and 
experience during the past ten years in obstetrics has given 



him rank among the first physicians in the State, and he is 
said to have performed the second operation of Caesarian 
section performed in the State of Maine. Interested in local 
matters pertaining to the profession, he is a member of 
the IMedical Club of Portland. He is a member of the 
Cumberland County 3Icdical Society, and has filled the 
various offices in connection with that organization ; and 
he is also a member of the Maine Medical Association, and 
for two years was secretary, and for fourteen years treasurer 
of that society. He was an instructor for ten years in the 
Portland Medical School. 

Dr. Foster's ability as a writer upon medical subjects, 
his clear and concise exposition as found in his various 
published reports, have received f;»vorable public and merited 
recognition. His first report was upon the sanitary con- 
dition of Portland. Embodied in the transactions of the 
Maine Medical Association may be found his reports upou 
" Epidemics of the State," " The Effects of Psychological 
Influence upon Disease," and " A Review of Clarke's Sex 
in Education." 

Dr. Foster has been married three times. He first mar- 
ried, in 1849, Eliza Jane, daughter of Daniel McManus, 
of Unity, Me. 

His eldest son, Uarzillai B. Foster, studied medicine 
with his father ; graduated in the medical department at 
Bowdoin College, and is now a practicing physician in Port- 
land. His sec(uid son, Charles W., is a graduate of Colby 
University, and also of the medical department of Bowdoin 
College, and practices medicine at Woodford's Corners. His 
third son, Henry, died at the age of two years. His wife 
died in March, 1853. His second wife was Adelaide, 
daughter of Edmund Woodman, of Searsmont, Me., whom 
he married in 1857. Shedied in 1864, leaving two daughters, 
Marietta and Joanna C. For his third wife he married 
Mary, daughter of Col. Isaac Woodman, of Searsmont, Me. 
The result of this union is one daughter, Ellura. 



THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. 



123 



"SKr. -I. Anyi)eison pruijusoil by twu uicnibcrs anil reeoinuiemlcd 
by the Business Committee, having received a two-thirds vote in his 
favor at any regular meeting of the society, may become a member by 
paying the admission fee and signing the Constitution and Cy-Laws. 

"Skc. 5. Charges against any member must be made in writing 
and passed to the Business Committee, and if deemed of sufficient 
importance by them, a ^j^ecial meeting shall be called to act thereon. 
By a majority vote of such meeting a member may be censured, im- 
peached, or expelled. 

"Sec. 6. Any member not having charges or dues standing against 
him may obtain an honorable discharge at any regular meeting by 
making application therefor through the Secretary. 

"Sec. 7. No political or religious question or point of medical 
ethics, or alteration or.amendment of Constitution and By-Laws, shall 
be brought up for discussion at any retjitlar meeting of this society. 

" Sec. 8. Ten members shall constitute a quorum for the transac- 
tion of business at any reyular meeting, but it shall require the action 
of twenty-five members to make the business of a apevinl meeting 
constitutional. 

"Sec. 9. This Constitution may be altered or amended by a two- 
thirds vote at any apccial meeting called for that purpose, in the 
notice for which the proposed change shall be mentioned." 

BY-LAWS. 

"Article I. The President shall preside at all meetings of the 
society, and confine the members in their remarks to the subject under 
discussion. 

"Art. II. The Vice-President shall perform the duties of the 
President in his absence, and in the absence of both President and 
Vice-President a President pyo tern, must be chosen to perform the 
duties of that office. 

"Art. III. The Secretary shall keep a record of the proceedings 
of the society, shall arrange them for publication, shall notify officers 
and members of their elections and appointments, shall give at least 
three days' notice of all meetings of the society by circular to each 
member, and shall present all applicants for membership or honorable 
discharge. 

"Art. IV. The Treasurer shall collect all dues and assessments, 
receive admission fees and donations, pay all bills properly approved, 
and report at each annual meeting the financial condition of the 
society. 

"Art. V. The Business Committee shall attend to the publication 
of thetransactions of the society, act upon all charges jireferred against 
members, order s^jeciVtZ meetings to be called when they deem it neces- 
sary, report the time and place of regular meetings, appoint at each 
regular meeting, at least three members to write essays upon medical 
or surgical subjects, to be read at the ne.xt regular meeting, appoint 
delegates to other medical bodies, pass to the President, at or before 
the beginning of each meeting, an order of business, and see that no 
unnecessary interruption break in upon that order. They shall also 
make inquiry into the character and standing of all applicants for 
membership, requiring in all cases positive evidence of a diploma 
from some regular medical college before a vote for such applicant 
can be taken. 

" Art. VI. The admission fee to this society shall be three dollars, 
and the annual ta.x two dollars. By a unanimous vote at a regular 
meeting a member may be exempt from taxation, after which he 
shall be considered an honorary member. 

"Art. VII. The members of the society are invited to preserve 
and forward to the Curator of the Maine Medical Association all in- 
teresting pathological specimens obtained by them, with a brief his- 
tory of the same. 

"Art. VIII. A written essay or report should not require more 
than thirty minutes in its reading, and no member shall speak more 
than twenty minutes upon the same subject without ])crmission from 
the President and Business Committee. 

'' Art. IX. Officers of this society shall assume the duties of their 
offices at the close of the meeting at which they are elected. 

" Art. X. All written reports and essays passed to the Business 
Committee or read before the society shall be the property of the 
society."' 

Members. — A. W. Andeisou, Gray; J. iM. Bates, Yar- 
mouth ; John Buzzell, G. H. Chadwick, Porthmd ; W. H. 
Cobb, Standish ; I. T. Dana, James de Wolf, Simon Fitch, 



B. F. Fogg, T. A. Fu.sler, U. F. French, J. T. Gilinan, 
S. C. Gordon, E. S. Hatch, Portland; R. P. Jenness, 
Saccarappa ; G. L. Kilgore, Windliam ; H. P. Merrill, 
D. 0. Perry, Portland : Nathaniel Shannon, Cape Eliza- 
beth ; H. N. Small, Portland ; E. Stone, Deering ; S. E. 
Sylvester, Portland; E. N. Tewksbury, Falmouth; S. H. 
Tewksbury, A. S. Thayer, Portland ; W. II. True, Free- 
port ; S. H. Weeks, Portland. 

LIST OF OFFICERS. 

Presidents. — A. W. Anderson, 1868 ; James M. Bates, 
1869; S. H. Tewksbury, 1870; John Buzzell, 1871; E. 
Stone, 1872 ; T. A. Poster, 1873 ; William Osgood, 1874 ; 
S. H. Weeks, 1875 ; Nathaniel Shannon, 1876 ; Frederic 
H. Gerrish, 1877; A. S. Thayer, 1878; H. N. Small, 
1879. 

Vice-Presideitf.1.— James M. Bates, 1868; S. H. Tewks- 
bury, 1869; John Buzzell, 1870; E. Stone, 1871 ; T. A. 
Foster, 1872 ; William Osgood, 1873 ; S. H. Weeks, 1874 ; 
Nathaniel Shannon, 1875; Frederic H. Gerrish, 1876; 
William B. Cobb, 1877 ; H. W. Hall, 1878 ; E. T. An- 
drews, 1879. 

Secretaries. — George F. French, 1868 ; S. H. Weeks, 
1869; S. C. Gordon, 1870; H. H. Hunt, 1871; C. E. 
Webster, 1872 ; C. 0. Files, 1873-76 ; G. H. Cummings, 
1876-78; C. E. Banks, 1879. 

Treasurers.— T. A. Foster, 1868 ; H. N. Small, 1809-75 ; 
B. B. Foster, 1875-78; J. A. Spalding, 1879. 

PORTLAND SCHOOL FOR MEDICAL INSTRUCTION. 

At the time of the founding of this school, in 1856, the 
list of older and best established physicians in Portland em- 
braced such men as John T. Gilman, William Wood, Gilman 
Daveis, and Charles W. Thomas, men of whom any city might 
have been proud. Immersed in the cares and occupations 
of practice, they were not disposed to take up the laboring 
oars in a school. They were ready, however, to give their 
hearty encouragement to such an enterprise, and in many 
ways to aid its establishment. Prominent among the 
younger physicians was Dr. William C. Robinson, and early 
in 1856 an agreement was entered into between Dr. Rob- 
inson and Dr. Israel T. Dana to take students together, 
dividing the work. They invited Dr. Simon Fitch, who 
had recently removed to Portland, to join them, and the 
first annual announcement of the school was issued March, 
1856, under the name of the " Portland Medical School 
for Preparatory Instruction." 

The instructors of the first year, 1856-57, were Wm. C. 
Robinson, M.D., Materia Mcdica, Midwifery, and Diseases 
of Women and Children ; Israel T. Dana, M.D., Physiology, 
Pathology, and Practice ; Simon Fitch, M.D., Anatomy, 
Surgery, and Chemistry. 

By arrangement with the managers the rooms of the 
Portland Dispensary were used as school-rooms. They had 
two students, N. W. Lcighton and Franklin Staples. The 
next year the students numbered about half a dozen, and 
two rooms in the third story of No. 174 Middle Street 
were used as school-rooms. It would be interesting to 
follow the progress of the school step by step to its present 
well-established and recognized position among institutions 



124 



HISTORY OP CUMHKIILAND COUNTY, MAINE; 



of a siiuilui- character, giving for each year the list of in- 
structors and students, but it would swell to too larj^o a 
number for our limited space. 

In January, 1858, an act of incorporation was obtained 
from the Legislature, Drs. J. T. Oilman, Wni. Wood, 
Gilman Daveis, C. W. Thomas, W. C. Robinson, and I. 
T. Dana being named corporators, and the corporation was 
authorized to hold properly to the extent of twenty 
thousand dollars. 

In addition to tho.se mentioned as instructors the first 
year, the following were added from year to year in the 
order named : Drs. Theodore Ingalls, A. M. Paddock, W. 
R. Richardson, Charles II. Hurbank, Thomas A. Foster, 
George L. Goodale, Samuel II. Tewksbury, S. H. Weeks, 
William W. Greene, Charles O. Hunt, Frederic Henry Ger- 
rish, B. B. Foster, George P. French, Setli C. Gordon, 
Horatio N. Small, Charles W. Bray. 

In 18(56-67 the number of instructors was eleven, and 
the number of .students fifteen. 

Messrs. Nathan Cummings, John B. Brown, Samuel E. 
Spring, A. W. II. Clapp, S. H. Tewk,sbury, Thomas A. 
Foster, and George L. Goodale were elected associate cor- 
porators. 

An "auxiliary board" was also elected, consisting of 
thirteen prominent physicians, located in the different sec- 
tions of the State, whose names appeared in the annual an- 
niiuncement, and whose influence in their respective neigh- 
borhoods was expected to be used in favor of the school. 

In 1872-73 the number of students was twenty. In 
1873-74 the exercises of the school were suspended. The 
report at the beginning of 1874-75 says, " We enter 
upon the eighteenth year with new facilities. Important 
improvements have been made. The number of instruc- 
tors has been increased, and the consequent greater division 
of labor amoTig the teachers will enable them to offer the 
students the results of more special study in each depart- 
ment. The course for the ensuing year will therefore be 
far more thorough and comprehensive than ever before. 
More commodius apparatuses have been secured, and the 
accommodations are now ample for all the purposes of the 
school." This year the school occupied its permanent rooms 
in the elegant Canal Bank building on Middle Street. 
Since then the school has maintained more than its usual 
degree of prosperity. The following appear in the last 
published catalogue as the faculty for the year 1878-79 : 

Iiislructors. — Israel T.Dana, M.D., Theory and Practice of 
Medicine (Diseases of the Chest) ; Stephen II. Weeks, M.D., 
Surgery; William Warren Greene, M.D., Ophthalmic and 
Clinical Surgery; Charles 0. Hunt, M.D., Materia Bledica 
and Therapeutics ; Frederic II. Gerrish, M.D., Physiology 
and Microscopical Anatomy; George F. French, M.D., 
Theory and Practice of Medicine ; Seth C. Gordon, M.D., 
Diseases of Women; Horatio N. Small, M.D., Obstetrics; 
Charles W. Bray, M.D., Anatomy ; Charles A. Ring, M.D., 
Chemi.stry and Latin ; Thos. Fillebrown, D.M.D., Dentistry. 

The following remarks from a published report respecting 
the instructors and graduates of this school will be Ibund 
interesting : 

" Five of the instructors have occupied professorial chairs 
in various medical colleges. Dr. Robinson was Professor 



of Materia Medica, and also of Obstetrics, in the Medical 
School of Maine, 18G2-72. Dr. Dana was Professor of 
Materia Medica, and also of Theory and Practice, in the 
Medical School of Maine, 1860-69. Dr. Goodale was 
Professor of Materia Medica in the Medical School of 
Maine, and also of Natural Science and Applied Chemistry 
in Bowdoin College, and now fills the chair of Vegetable 
Physiology in Harvard University. Dr. Greene has filled 
the chair of Surgery in the Berkshire Medical College, the 
Medical School of Maine, the University of Michigan, and 
the Long Island College Hospital. Dr. Gerrish is Professor 
of Materia Medica in the Medical School of Maine, and of 
Physiology and Materia Medica in the University of Michi- 
gan. Dr. B. B. Foster has been Demonstrator of Anatomy 
in the Medical School of Maine. 

" Two of the instructors have been Presidents of the 
Maine Medical Association, viz.: Dr. Tewksbury in 18G6, 
and Dr. Dana in 1868. Dr. T. A. Foster has been Presi- 
dent of the Cumberland County Medical Society. 

'' Six instructors have held commissions in the army or 
navy. Drs. Burbank and Richardson were commissioned 
assistant surgeons. United States Navy, in 1861, the lat- 
ter dying in the service in 1864, and the former still filling 
his pttsition with honor. Dr. Hunt .served in the late war 
as 1st Lieutenant, 5th Battery, Maine Volunteers. Dr. 
French was surgeon-in-chief of ' Logan's Division' on Sher- 
man's ' March to the Sea,' and also personal staff surgeon 
to General Grant at Vicksburg. Dr. Small was ranking 
surgeon-in-chief of 2d Brigade, 3d Division, 24th Army 
Corps, and also, for three month.s, ranking surgeon of same 
corps. Dr. Gordon entered the array in 1861, as assistant 
surgeon of the I3th Maine Infantry ; jnomoted to surgeon 
of 1st Louisiana Infiintry, and afterwards surgeon on staff 
of Gen. Cameron, commanding 13th Army Corps in Red 
River campaign ; subsequently surgeon in charge of General 
Hospital at Natchez, Miss. 

" Three instructors have died, viz. : Drs. Ingalls, Richard- 
.son, and Robinson. 

" Dr. Theodore Ingalls died of apoplexy in 1857, after 
only a few months' connection with the school. In this 
short time he had endeared himself to both students and 
colleagues. After a long and extensive practice in Bridg- 
ton and vicinity, he removed to Portland a few years before 
his death, being at the time in feeble health. Dr. Ingalls 
was a very able practitioner and influential man, command- 
ing the respect and confidence of all who knew him. 

"Dr. Wentworth R. Richardson, after two years' connec- 
tion with the school, entered the navy in July, 1861, serv- 
ing with honor till his death at Key West, in 1864. He 
was a young man of great promise, an earnest and enthusi- 
iistic student, an accomplished physician, and a generous 
and honorable man. He died, loved and mourned by many 
friends. 

'• Dr. Williaiu Chaffee Robinson was one of the founders 
of this school, and an instructor in it up to the time of his 
death. He was born in Chaplain, Conn., Nov. 27, 1822. 
The early years of his life were spent on his father's farm, 
with no greater educational opportunities than those aflorded 
by the ' district school.' Originally endowed with a strong 
and active intellect and powerful will, he improved to the 




Pli.ito. l.y Will I'i 



!yC<J^^ly<-J 



William C. Roiunson, Hf.D., was born in tlic town of 
Chaplin, Conn., Nov. 27, 1822. His early years were spent 
roughing it upon an obscure farm, with no special opportuni- 
ties for obtaining an education other than those afforded by 
the district schools of the time; but here, through the com- 
bined influence of both farm and school, he received that 
thorough training of self-reliance, perseverance, and fortitude 
which in after-life developed in such a remarliable degree. 
As youth ripened into manhood his vigorous and ambitious 
nature led him to seek new fields and enlarged opportunities. 
"With such aspirations, at an early age he commenced teaching 
a public school in the city of Norwich, and at once became pop- 
ular by strict attention to the duties of the vocation and by his 
social nature. About this time, in the years 1845-46, he com- 
menced his medical studies with Dr. John Ford, whose exten- 
sive practice in that city gave him fine opportunities. His 
medical pupilage was characterized by close application, keen 
conception, and rapid advancement, and at its close he was 
clothed with the honors of the University of New York, taking 
his degree in the class of 1849. 

Through the earnest solicitation of a musical friend by the 
same name, he immediately came to Portland, and opened his 
office on the corner of Middle and Union Streets, where the 
Falmouth Hotel now stands. At this time but seven physicians 
(regular graduates) were engaged in active practice in the city. 
He very soon held the appointment of city physician, but it 
was a long and arduous struggle to establish himself in a good 
paying business. That class, so well known to young prac- 
titioners in medicine, claiming special privileges, but not 
having the change just then, are liberal in promising to send 
business, and most happy to lend influence, were frequent 
patients of his, yet his glowing .sympathy and generous nature 
never refused assistance to those in distress, and never with- 
held professional skill from the poor. 

In 1853, August 23, he married Martha Ripley, daughter of 
Mark and Elizabeth (Bradish) Harris, of Portland. Her 
father was a native of Ipswich, Mass. Her mother was a 
daughter of Major Levi Bradish, an early resident of Port- 
land. 

Dr. Robinson rose rapidly to distinction and honor, all the 
more rich on account of being won through such indomitable 
perseverance. His ripe scholarship in the profession, aided 
by sound judgment and quick sympathy for the suffering, 
brought him the esteem and love of all. 

Dr. Robinson, with Dr. Dana, in 1856, founded the Portland 
Medical School for Preparatory Instruction, and was an in- 
structor in it up to the time of his death, June 30, 1872. His 
labors in this school, iu the establishment of which he was 



the mat/7ia pars, were unceasing, and were a source of great 
enjoyment to himself as well as advantage to the students. 
So also iu the Medical School of Maine, as professor, first 
of materia mediea and therapeutics, and then of obstetrics 
and diseases of women, he labored with great zeal and re- 
markable success. He was appointed lecturer on materia 
mediea at Bowdoin College in 1863, and elected to a professor- 
ship of the same in 1868. In 1870 he was appointed professor 
of obstetrics and diseases of women in the same institution, 
which chair he hold at the time of his death. He interested 
himself in all laudable enterprises, and was largely concerned 
in the establishment of the Portland Dispensary, the Young 
Men's Christian Association, of which he was the second 
president, and of the Portland Provident Association. 

During the war, in 1862, when an appeal was made for sur- 
geons to leave their homes and go to Washington for hospital 
service, he promptly responded, and performed a month's most 
valuable service in the Armory Square Military Hospital, 
which was crowded with wounded men from Gen. Pope's 
army. He aimed to advance the interests of pure medical 
science, and at the same time to do the work and furnish the 
ideal of the gentleman and the Christian physician. What- 
ever or however many might be his appointments, the en- 
gagements of medical charity were never forgotten by him. 
He was a very earnest man, conspicuous in early life as well 
as in mature years. He possessed a strong will, and eminent 
conscientiousness. His practical good sense could early see the 
way to a successful career, and he ever kept it before him. 
All he undertook he finished well. His example and spirit 
in their impression on others grew the more admirable with 
enlarged acquaintance with life and the struggles by whicli 
men maintain life. In a modest but earnest way he knew his 
own worth. He never failed to improve an opportunity to 
impress upon medical students the glorious career of the 
medical man. 

Dr. Robinson did not know how to spare himself, and after 
the great fire of 1866, with all the burdens of practice and 
college and school on his shoulders, he became a member of 
the City Council, and was chairman of the building committee 
of the First Baptist Church. Under this accumulated pres- 
sure his health gave way, and in the early summer of 1868 he 
was stricken down with paralysis. Gradually rallying from 
this, he was able in part to resume his labors of practice and 
teaching, giving three courses of lectures at Brunswick after- 
wards. In the last year of his life he suffered intense agony, 
his left foot being afl'ected with gangrene so as to require 
amputation. He died, leaving a widow and three children, 
— Frederick William, Helen Shailer, and George Henry. 



CIVIL AND JUDICIAL OFFICERS. 



125 



utmust tlic luciliiies wllliiu liis reach. The very difficukies 
he was obliged to overcome in securing an education served 
to develop his facuhies, and establish in bim habits of in- 
dustry, perseverance, and self-reliance. Full of ambition 
and hope, he opened a school in Norwich, Conn., when quite 
young, and was very successful and popular in it. In 1845 
he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. John Ford, 
of Norwich, and, receiving the degree of doctor of medi- 
cine from the University of New York in 1840, came at 
once to Portland, and opened an office at the corner of 
Middle and Union Streets. 

" Of the graduates of the school the following are now 
established in practice in the city of Poitland, viz. : Di's. 
Weeks, Thayer, Hunt, Gerrish, Webster, B. B. Foster, Files, 
Stanley, Brooks, Ring, and Tolford. The following are 
known to have occupied official positions of importance, viz., 
Dr. Franklin Staples, President of the Minnesota Medical 
Association ; Dr. C. H. Burbank, United States Navy ; Dr. 
Le Baron JIunroe, United States Army ; Drs. S. S. Emery 
and B, T. Sanborn, Assistant Physicians in Insane Asylum 
at Augusta ; Dr. George L. Goodale, Professor in Bowdoin 
College and Harvard University ; Dr. Alfred Mitchell, Pro- 
fessor of Obstetrics and the Diseases of Children in the 
JMedical School of JLiine ; Dr. Frederic Henry Gerrish, 
Professor in the Medical School of Maine and the Uuivorsity 
of Michigan ; Dr. Charles 0. Hunt, Permanent Secretary 
of the Jlaine Medical Association. 

" Four of the past students of the school are now in- 
structors in it, viz. : Drs. Stephen H. Weeks, C. 0. Hunt, 
F. H. Gerrish, and B. B. Foster. 

" From the many who are now reflecting honor upon 
their Alma Mater from fields of private practice, only a 
few can here be mentioned as samples, viz. : Drs. N. W. 
Leighton, of Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Wendell P. Anderson, of 
La Crosse, Wis. ; Henry F. Walker, of New York ; N. B. 
Coleman, of Portsmouth, N. H. ; William G. Carter, of Con- 
cord, N. H. ; A. K. P. Meserve, of Buxton : R. G. Dennett, 
of Saco ; P. C. Wiley, of Bethel ; J. B. Severy, of Farm- 
ington ; Henry H. Hunt, of Gorham ; Geo. W. Hale, of 
Sedgwick ; Geo. W. Foster, of Bangor ; R. D. Bibber, of 
Bath ; E. B. Weston, of Lewiston ; F. H. Chase, of Orland ; 
F. W. Chadbourne, of Oldtown. 

" As the largest city in Maine, Portland has in the past 
afforded opportunities for such work as this school contem- 
plates, not elsewhere found in tbe State. Its population 
and wealth have been steadily growing, and, step by step 
with this growth, its facilities for clinical instruction have 
increased. The Maine General Hospital, now in success- 
ful operation, will add immensely to its facilities in this 
most important direction." 

MAINE GENERAL HOSPITAL. 

This is an institution which was incorporated by act of 
Legislature, Feb. 24, 1868. On the 12th of March, 1870, 
resolutions were passed by the Legislature, granting to the 
corporation the arsenal grounds on Bramhall Hill in Port- 
land, two and a half acres in extent, conditional that it 
should raise $20,000 by private donations and subscriptions. 
The State also granted $20,000 when the corporation had 
raised and expended $40,000. More than $10,000 in 



excess of ihe $40,001) was raised by subscription in tiie 
city, and the State paid over the $20,000. At the State 
fair held in Portland, in 1873, a further sum of about 
$40,000 was raised, and the Legislature, in 1875, granted 
$1 0,000 more, and the institution is now in active operation. 

The hospital, when completed, will consist of a central 
building and four pavilions, beside the amphitheatre, boiler- 
bouse, and kitchen. The central building and eastern pa- 
vilion are already erected, and have accommodations for 
seventy patients. 

This institution is worthy of a much more liberal support 
than it has been receiving. In their annual report for the 
year ending in October, 1878, the directors say, 

•' Forty applicants without pecuniary means, mostly from the work- 
ing classes, anfl residing in all parts of the Stale, were received on 
the score of humanity, — many of them requiring for their restoration 
or relief not only skillful surgery, but continued hospital treatment ; 
and, happily, we are able to say that a large proportion of them re- 
turned to their families, and in due time to their business pursuits, 
with greatly improved and iu many cases restoiod health. 

'' These patients could not have been successfully treated or prop- 
erly cared for at their homes, and but fur the superior professional 
advantages which a well-regulated hospital can always provide, would 
have remained there to-day great sufferers, crippled for life j and 
some of them, wo fear, would sooner or later have been reduced to 
pauperism, and have become the unwilling and unfortunate subjects 
of town or city support. 

'* Could the citi/.ens of our State, from personal ubscrvatiou, wit- 
ness the great amount of good which the Maine General Hospital ha« 
done, and is constantly doing, in its sphere of professional and philan- 
thropic duty, their sympathies, we believe, would not only be secured, 
but practically iinniifested by generous and wide-spread donations 
for its support j and especially, that our legislators would continue 
the small annual appropriation which at this early period of its his- 
tory is almost essential to its life, — certainly to the continuance of 
its present work of beneficence. 

" Its permanent fund derived from gifts and legacies, the interest 
of which can only be used for hospital purposes, amounts to twelve 
thousand two hundred and twenty-one dollars and seven cents," 

The following are the officers for the current year : John 
B. Brown, President ; John T. Gilman, Israel Washburn, 
Jr., Samuel E. Spring, A. W. H. Clapp, Horatio N. Jose, 
William W. Thomas, Joseph H. Williams, Chas. Buf- 
fum, Abiier Coburn, Directors ; Frederic Henry Gerrish, 
Secretary ; James T. MeCobb, Treasurer ; John T. Gilman, 
M.D., William Wood, M.D., Hiram H. Hill, M.D., Charles 
E. Swan, M.D., Theodore H. Jewett, M.D., Andrew J. 
Fuller, M.D., Alonzo Garcelon, M.D., Alfred Mitchell, 
M.D., Consulting Physicians and Surgeons; Charles 0. 
Hunt, M.D., Resident Physician and Superintendent; 
Israel T. Dana, M.D., Horatio N. Small, M.D., Augustus 
S. Thayer, M.D., Visiting Physicians; William Warren 
Greene, M.D., Stephen H. Weeks, M.D., Seth C. Gordon, 
M.D., Visiting Surgeons; Frederic Henry Gerrish, M.D., 
Pathologist; Mrs. L. W. Warren, Matron. 



CHAPTER XXIL 

CUMBERLAND CIVIL AND JUDICIAL OFFICEHS. 
Federal Government — State Government. 
The civil and judicial officers placed in the following 
lists are those only who are or have been residents of Cum- 
berland County. 



126 



HISTORY OF ClIMBKRLAND COUNTY, MATNE. 



UNITEU STAXKS SKNATUllS. 
I>rciiti9s Melleii, Portland, 1S18.» 
Albion K. I'arris, Porllnnd, 1827-28, rcsigncd-t 
William I'itt Fossciidun, Portland, I8o4-(>'J. 

REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS. 
l"9-l-isn6.— Peleg Wadsworth, Portland. 
1806.— Daniel llsley, Portland. 
1808. — Ezckicl Whitman, New Gloucester. 
1810. — William Widgery, New (iloucester. 
1812-14. — Ocorge Bradbury, Portland. 
1816-22. — Ezekicl Whitman, Portland, resigned. 
1822.— Mark Harri.=, Portland, to fill the vacancy. 
1823.— Stephen Longfellow, Portland. 
• 1825-31. — John Anderson, Democrat, Portland. 
183.3-3". — l-'rancis 0. .1. .Smith, Democrat, Portland. 
1839. — Albert Smith, Democrat, Portland. 
1841.— William Pitt Fe.«senden, Whig, Portland. 
1843-45. — Robert P. Dunlap, Democrat, Brunswick. 
1847.- A. W. II. Clapp, Democrat, Portland. 
1849.— Nathaniel S. Littlefield, Democrat, Bridgton. 
1851. — John Appleton, Democrat, Portland. 
1853. — Samuel Mayall, Democrat, Gray. 
1855-57. — John M. Wood, Republican, Portland. 
1859. — Charles J. (iilman. Republican, Brunswick. 
1863.— L. D. M. Sweat, Democrat, Portland. 
1865-71.— John Lynch, Republican, Portland. 
1877. — Thomas B. Heed, Republican, Portland. 

SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY. 
William Pitt Fesscnden, Pmthind, 1864. 

ATTORNEY-GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES. 
Nathan Clifford, Portland, 1846. 

JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES. 
Nathan Clifford, Portland, 1S5S4 

UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT. 

Nathan Clifford, Portland, 1S58-69. 

George F. .Sheplcy, Portland, 1S69, till his death. 

CLERKS. 

John Mussey, Portland, 1S19-49. 

Pitt Preble, Portland, 1849.^ 



UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT. 



Willi. 



Albion K. Parris, Portland, 1818-22. 
Ashur Ware, Portland, 1822-60. 
Edward Fo.t, Portland, 1866. § 



John Mu.'isey, Portland, 1819-48. 
George F. Emery, Portland, 1848-76. 
A. II. Davis, Portland, 1876. 

USITEB STATES lllSTIUrT ATTORNEYS. 

Daniel Davis, Portland, 1790-1801. 
William Pitt Preble, Portland, 1814-20. 
John Anderson, Portland, 1833-37. 
Joseph Howard, Portland, 1837-41. 
John Holmes, Portland, 1841-43. 
Augustine Haines, Portland, 1845-48. 
George F. Sheplcy, Portland, 1848-49. 
Thomas A. Deblois, Portland, 1849-53. 

» Elected to take the place of Eli P. Ashmun. 
t John Holmes, Alfred, elected to fill the vacancy, 
t Still holding the office (1879), in his seventy-seventh year, and the 
twenty-second year of his judicial services. 

H Still in the active discharge of the duties of his office. 



(ieorgc F. .'*lu.pU-.v, Porlland. IR.W-f.l. 
George F. Talbot, Portland, 1861-09. 
Nathan Webb, Portland, I870-7S. 
Wilbur F. Lunt, Portlan.l, 1 878. 

INITKI) STATES MARSHALS. 

John Hobley, Portland, 1794. 
William Paine, Portland, 1849. 
John D. Kinsman, Portland. Is 11. 
B. B. Murray, Portlan.l. 

REGLSTER IN UANKUI'PTCY. 

James D. Fessendcn, Portland, May 28, 1807. 

UNITED STATES COMMISSIONERS. 

William H. Clifford, Portland, April 24, 1862. 
Edward M. Rand, Portland, March 22, 1866. 
Nathan Webb, Portland, March 22, 1860. 

JBERS OP THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION OE ) 
BERLAND COUNTY, Oct. 29, 1819. 



\INE FROM CUM- 



The following are those only who signed the Constitution. 

Scarborough. — Benjamin Larrabee, Jr., Joseph Fogg. 

North Yarmouth. — William Buxton, Ephraim Sturdevant, Jeremiah 
Buxton. 

Falmouth. — Peter M. Knight, Nathan Bucknam. 

Brunswick. — Robert D. Dunning, Jonathan Page, Benjamin Tit- 
comb. 

Harps well. — Stephen Purrington. 

<Torham. — Lothrop Lewis, Joseph Adams, James Irish. 

Cape Elizabeth. — Ebenezer Thrasher. 

New Gloucester. — .Joseph E. Foxcroft, Isaac Gross. 

Gray. — Joseph McLellan. 

Standish. — Theodore Mussey. 

Portland. — Albion K. Parris, William Pitt Preble. 

Freeport. — Solomon Dennison. 

Durham. — Secomb Jordan, Allen H. Cobb. 

Bridgton. — Phinehas Ingalls. 

Poland. — Josiah Dunn, Jr. 

Minot. — Asaph Howard, Chandler Freeman. 

Danville. — Joseph Roberts. 

Baldwin. — Lot Davis. 

Raymond. — Zachariah Leach. 

Pownal. — Isaac Cushman. 

Westbrook. — Elias Estes, Thomas Slemmons, John Jones. 

Harrison. — Amos Thomas. 

STATE OFFICERS. 

KOVERNOHS. 

Enoch Lincoln, Portland, 1827. 
Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick, 1834. 
Samuel Wells, Portland, 1856. 
Israel Washburn, Jr., Orono,]| 1864. 
Joshua L. Chamberlain, Brunswick, 1867. 

MEMBERS OF THE GOVERNOR'S COUNCIL. 

Edward Mann, Gorham, 1834. 
Toppan Robie, Gorham, 1840. 
David Dunlap, Brunswick, 1841. 
Dominicus Jordan, Gorham, 1841. 
Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick, 1843. 
Dominicus Jordan, Gorham, 1843. 
Marshall Cram, Brunswick, 1855. 
Frederick Robie, Gorham, 1861. 
William Deering, Portland, 1871. 
Frederick N. Dow, Portland, 1872-75. 
George Warren, AVestbrook, 1876-76. 
Charles E.Jose, Portland, 1877-78. 
Charles H. Chase, Portland, 1879. 

PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE. 

Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick, 1827-31. 
Francis 0. J. Smith, Portland, 1833. 



Has since become a resident of Portland, where he now liv 



LEGISLATURES OF MAINE. 



127 



Josiah Pierce, Gorhain, 18.3:). 
Nathaniel S. Littlefleld, liridgton, 1838. 
Warren II. Vinton. Gray, 1S7S. 

SKCHETAKIKS CJF THE SENATK. 

W. B. Small. Portland, 1822. 
Charles B. Smith. Portland, 1823. 
N. S. Littlefield, Bridgton, 1831. 



SPKAKKRS OF THE HOITSR. 

.Josiiih S. Little, Portland, 1841. 
David Dunn, Poland, 1843. 
Hugh D. McLellan, Gorham, 1847. 
Josiah S. Little, Portland, 1856. 
J. H. Drummond, Portland, 1869. 
Frederick Robie, Gorham, 1872. 
William W. Thomas, Jr., Portland, 1874. 
Frederick Robie, Gorham, 1876. 
Melvin P. Frank, Portland, 1879. 

rLEKKS OF THE HOUSE. 

David Dunn, Poland, 1856. 
Franklin M. Drew, Brunswick, 1866. 

SIX'RETARIES OF STATE. 

Ashur Ware, Portland, 1820. 
Edward Russell, North Yarmouth, 1829. 
Roscue G. Greene, Portland, 1831. 
Franklin M. Drew, Brunswick, 1868. 

STATIC TREASURERS. 

Jo,"eph C. Boyd, Portland, 1820. 
Elias Thomas, Portland, 1823. 
Mark Harris, Portland, 1S2S. 
Elias Thomas, Portland, 1829. 
Abner B. Thompson, Brunswick, 1831. 
Mark Harris, Portland, 1832. 
.James B. Gaboon, Portland, 1838. 
Benjamin D. Peck, Portland, 1857. 

ATTORNEYS-GEXERAL. 

George Ev.ans, Portland, 1853-56. 
J. H. Drummond, Portland, 1856. 
Thomas B. Reed, Portland, 1870. 

AnjUTANTS-GKSERAL. 

Abner B. Thomi>son, Brunswick, 1835-39. 

LAXD-AGENTS. 

James Irish, Gorham, 1824. 

JUDICIARY. 

SUPRE.MK JUDICIAL COURT. 

CHIEF JUSTICES. 

Prentiss Mellon, Portland, July 1, 1820, to Oct. 22, 1834. 

Ezekicl Whitman, Portland, Dec. 10, I84Ij resigned, Oct. 23, 1848. 

Ether Shepley, Portland, Oct. 23, 1848, to Oct. 22, 1855. 

ASSOCIATE .JUSTICES. 

William Pitt Preble, Portland, July 1, 1820; resigned June 18, 1828. 
Albion K. Parris, Portland, June 25, 1828 ; resigned Aug. 20, 1836. 
Nicholas Emery, Portland, Oct. 22, 1834, to Oct. 21, 1841. 
Ether Shepley, Saco,* Sept. 23, 1836 ; .appointed chief justice Oct. 23, 

1848. 
Samuel Wells, Portland, Sept. 28, 1847 : resigned March 31, 1854. 
Joseph Howard, Portland, Oct. 23, 1848, to Oct. 22, 1855. 
Woodbury Davis, Portland, Oct. 10, 1855; removed April, 1856. 
Edward Fo.t, Portland, Oct. 24, 1862; resigned 1863. 
Charles W. Walton, Portland, May 14, 1862; re-appointed May 14, 

1869. 
William G. Barrows, Brunswick, March 27, 1863 ; reappointed March 

24, 1870, and March 24, 1877. 
William Pitt Virgin, Portland, Dee. 26, 1872. 



REPORTERS OF DECISIOXS. 

Sept. 2, 1829.— Simon Greenleaf, Portland, vols. 1 to 9. 
Feb. 7, 1856.— John M. Adams, Portland, vols. 41 and 42. 

■• Removed to Portland. 



CHAPTER XXII L 

LEOISL ATTIRES OP MAINE. 

Senators and Representatives from Cumberland County since the 
Admission of the State in 1820. 

SENATE, 1821. 
Joseph E. Foxeroft, New Glouces- Jonathan Page, Brunswick, 
ter. Barrett Potter, Portland. 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Bridgton, Phinehas Ingalls. 

Brunswick, David Dunl.ap. Dan- 
iel Stone. 

Cape Elizabeth, Eben. Thrasher. 

Durham, Allen H. Cobb. 

Falmouth, John AVait. 

Freeport, Solomon Dennison. 

Gorham, James Irish, Toppan 
Robie. 

Gray, Peter Whitney, 

Harpswell, Stephen Purrington. 

Minot, Asaph Howard. 

New Gloucester, Isaac Gross. 



North Yarmouth, Ephraiin Stur- 

derant, Edward Russell. 
Portland, Nicholas Emery, Asa 

Clapp, Simon Greenleaf. 
Pownal, Isaac Cushman. 
Poland and Danville, Josiah 

Dunn, Jr. 
Raymond and Otisficld, Zacha- 

riah Leach. 
Standish, Theodore Mussey. 
Scarborough, Cyrus Libby. 
Windham, Daniel Hall. 
Westbrook, Silas Estes. 



SENATE, 1822. 



George Bradbury, Portlai 
Josiah Pierce, Gorham. 



Wm. Bu.iton, North Yarmouth. 



Brunswick, Robert P. Dunlap. 
Bridgton, John Perley. 
Baldwin, William Fitch. 
Cumberland, Eph. Sturdevant. 
Cape Elizabeth, Lemuel Cobb. 
Durham, Allen H. Cobb. 
Danville, Ebenezer Witham. 
Freeport, Samuel Porter. 
Falmouth, Edmund Knight. 
Gorham, Lothrop Lewis. 
Gray, Timothy Weymouth. 
Harpswell, John Curtis. 



HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 

Minot, Godfrey Gr 
North Yarmouth, Edw. Russell. 
New Gloucester, AA'm. Bradbury. 
Otisfield, Jonathan Britton. 
Portland, Isaac Adams, Asa 

Clapp, Dudley Todd. 
Raymond, Zaehariah Leach. 
Scarborough, Benjamin Milliken, 

Jr. 
Standish, Mark White. 
Westbrook, James Means. 
Windham, Moses Little. 



SENATE, 1823. 
n. Buxtou, North Yarmouth. Sylvanus Higgins 
iiah Dunn, Jr., Poland. bcth. 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswif, Robert P. Dunlap. 
Bridgton, John Perley. 
Baldwin, William Fitch. 
Cumberland, Eph. Sturdevant. 
Cape Elizabeth, Lemuel Cobb. 
Durham, Allen H. Cobb. 
Freeport, Edmund Pratt. 
Falmouth, Edmund Knight. 
Gorham, Seward Merrill. 
Gray, Timothy Weymouth. 
Harpswell, Benjamin Randall. 
Harrison, Jacob Emerson. 



Minot, Willard H. AVoodbury. 

New Gloucester, Isaac Gross. 

North Y'armouth, Edward Rus- 
sell. 

Portland, Isaac Adams, Asa 
Clapp, Dudley Todd. 

Poland, James Twitchell. 

Pownal, Benjamin Mitchell. 

Raymond, Zaehariah Leach. 

Scarborough, Benj. Larrabce, Jr. 

Westbrook. John Jones. 

Windham, John Eveleth. 



John Anderson, Portland. 
Josiah Dunn, Jr., Poland 



SENATE, 1824. 

Robert P. Dunlap, Bi 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Roger Merrill. 
Bridgton, Theodore Ingalls. 
Baldwin, AVilliam Fitch. 
Cumberland, Ephraim Sturdc 



Klizabclh, l.c 



.1 Cobb. 



Danville, John Penlcy. 
Durham, Allen H. Cobb. 
Freeport, Joseph Dennison. 
Falmouth. AVilliam Sanborn. 
Gorham, Seward -Merrill. 
Gray, Clement H. Humphrey. 



128 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Harpswoll, Benjamin Kandall. 
iMinot, Willarcl 11. Wnodbury. 
New Gloucester, Simeon Parsons. 
North Yarmouth, Eilw. Kusscll. 
Otisliolil, Jonathan Britton. 
l*ortlan<l, Isaac Adams, Joseph 
Adams, Joshua lUchardson. 



Poland, William Dunn. 
Kavniond, Zachariah Leach. 
Scarborough, Henry V. Comp- 

ston. 
Standish, Mark While. 
Westbrooli. AVilliaui Slcnions. 
Windham, John Evcleth. 



SENATE, 1825. 
Kobort P. Ounlap, Brunswick. James C. Churchill, I'orthuul. 

Josiah Dunn, Jr., Poland. 



Brunswick, Roger Merrill. 

Bridgton, Bennett Pike. 

Baldwin, Ephraim Brown. 

Cumberland, Ephraim Sturdc- 
vant. 

Capo Elizabeth, Woodbury Jor- 
dan. 

Danville, none. 

Durham, Allen H. Cobb. 

Freeport, Joseph Dcnnison. 

Falmouth, none. 

Gorham, Samuel Stephenson. 

Grny, Clement H. Humphrey. 

Harpswoll, Stephen Purrington. 

Minot, Willard H. Woodbury. 



HOUSE OP REPllESENTATIVES. 

Now Gloucester, none. 
North Yarmouth, Edw.ird Rus.^ell. 
Otisfield,* .lacob Emerson. 
Portland, Joseph Adams, Samuel 
F'csscndcn, Joshua Richard- 



Pown.lI. n.ine. 
Poland, William Dunn. 
KaymonrI (and T. P. Plantation), 

Z. Leach. 
Scarborough, none. 
Standish, Benjamin Poland. 
Wostbrook, Jonathan Smith. 
Windham, John Eveleth. 



SENATE, 1826. 

Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick. James C. Churchill, Portland. 

Josiah Dunn, Jr., Poland. 

HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Peter 0. Aldon. 
Bridgton, John Willett. 
Baldwin, Ruf'us Sanborn. 
Cumberland, Nich's Rideout, Jr. 
Cape Elizabeth, Mieah Higgins. 
Danville, Ebenezer Witham, Jr. 
Durham, Allen H. Cobb. 
Freeport, Edmund Pratt. 
Falmouth, William Crabtrcc. 
Gorham, Clark Dyer. 
Gray, Jleshach Humphrey. 
Ilarpswell, none. 
Minot, AViUard H. Bradbury. 
New Gloucester, John Webber. 



North Y'armouth, Jacob Mitchell. 

Otisfield.-s 

Portland, Isaac Adams, Stejihen 

Longfellow, Samuel Fessen- 

den. 
Pownal, none. 
Poland, AVilliam Dunn. 
Raymond (and T. P. P.), Henry 

Jordan. 
Standish, Benjamin Poland. 
Scarborough, Henry V. Cumston. 
Wcstbrook, William Siemens, Jr. 
Windham, John Eveleth. 



SENATE, 1827. 
Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick. Josiah Dunn, Jr., Poland. 

James C. Churchill, Portland. 

HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Peter 0. Alden. 
Bridgton, Thomas Perlcy. 
Baldwin, Nathan Sawyer. 
Cumberland, Nich's Rideout, Jr. 
Capo Elizabeth, Jlicah Higgins. 
Durham, Allen H. Cobb. 
Freeport, William Pote. 
Falmouth, Silas Littlejohn, Jr. 
Gorham, Clark Dyer. 
Gray, Mcshach Humphrey. 
Uarpswell, John Curtis. 
lIarrison,f Jacob Emerson. 
Minot, Willard H. Woodborv. 



New Gloucester, Benj. II. Mace. 
North Y'armouth, Jacob Mitchell. 
Portland, Isaac Adams, Nathaniel 

Mitchell, William Swan. 
Pownal, Simeon Estes. 
Poland, Jabcz True, Jr. 
Raymond (ami T. P. P.), Rieh- 

ard Cook. 
Standish, Andrew JI. Bradbury. 
Scarborough, James H. .Morris, 
Wcstbrook, Jonathan Smith. 
Winilham, Stephen AVcbb. 



SENATE, 1828. 
Robert P. Dunlap. Brunswick. Benj. H. Mace, New Gloueesic 

John D. Meguire, Portland. 



Baldwin, 
Bridgton 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

:-n Brown. Minot, Charl 



lore Ingalls. 
Brunswick, Peter 0. Alden. 
Cumberland. Nich's Rideout, Jr 
Cape Elizabeth, Micah Higgins 
Durham, Allen H. Cobb. 
Danville, Nathaniel L. Ingersoi 
Freeport, Josiah W. Mitchell. 
Falmouth, Silas Leighton. Jr. 
Gorham, Clark Dyer. 
Gray, Clement H. Humphrey. 
Ilarpswell, Benjamin Randall. 



Jloody. 

New Gloucester, Simeon Parsons. 
North Yarmouth, Dan'l Mitchell. 
Otislield, Levi Patch. 
Portland, Isaac Adams, William 
Swan, Andrew L. Emerson. 
Poland, Jahez True, Jr. 
Raymond, Zachariah Leach. 
Standish. Mark AVhite. 
Scarborough, .Toseph .S. .lewctt. 
Wcstbrook, George Bishop. 
Windham, Stephen Webb. 



SENATE, 1829. 

Jonathan Page, Brunswick. George Rickcr, Minot. 

Andrew L. Emerson, Portland. 



HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES 
Bridgton, Richard Davis. 
Brunswick, Peter 0. Alden. 
Capo Elizabeth, Wm. Cumiugs. 
Cumberland, Nicholas Rideout. 
Durham, Allen II. Cobb. 
Falmouth, Giles Merrill. 
Freeport, John A. Hyde. 
Gorham, Edmund Mann. 
Gray, Eliab Latham. 
Harrison, Jacob Emerson. 
Harpswoll, Isaac Sylvester. 
Minot, Benjamin Johnson. 
New Gloucester, Obadiah Whit 
man. 



North Yarmouth, Jacob Mitchell. 
Portland, Isaac Adams, William 

Swan, Thomas Dodge. 
Poland, Jabcz True, Jr. 
Pownal, Joseph Lupkin. 
Raymond, Zachariah Leach. 
Sebago, Oliver Pike. 
Standish, Mark White. 
Scarborough, Joseph Fogg. 
AVestbrook, George Bishop. 
A\'indham, Moses Little. 



SENATE, 18.30. 



Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick. 
John L. Meguire, Portland. 



Baldwin, Richard Larrabec. 
Brunswick, AVilliam Curtis. 
Bridgton, John Willett. 
Cape Elizabeth, Nath'l Wheeler. 
Cumberland, Nich's Rideout, Jr. 
Danville, AVilliam AVoodbury. 
Durham, James Strout. 
Falmouth, Stephen Morrill. 
Freeport, Ebenezer AVells. 
Gorham, Edmund Mann. 
Gray, Eliab Latham. 
Ilarpswell, Isaac Sylvester. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

Minot, Benjamin Johnson. 
North Y'armouth, Jacob Mitchell. 
New Gloucester, Eph. Stinchfiebl. 
Otisfiold, Silas Blake. 
Poland, Daniel AVaterman, Jr. 
Portland, Isaac Adams, AA'illiam 

iSwan, Thomas Dodge. 
Raymond, Domiuicus Jordan. 
Scarborough, Joseph Fogg. 
Standish, Sargent Shaw. 
Wcstbrook, George Bishop. 
Windham, John AVaterman. 



SENATE, 1831. 
Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick. Theodore 

John L. Meguire, Portland. 



Brunswick, George AV. Holden. 
Bridgton, Richard Davis. 
Cumberland, Joseph Smith. 
Ca)ie Elizabeth, Nath'l Wheeler. 
Durham. James Strout. 
Freeport, Ebenezer AVells. 
Falmouth, Stephen Morrill. 
Gorham, Joseph Hamblen (3d). 
Gray, Benjamin Smith. 
Ilarpswell, Benjamin Randall. 
Harrison, Oliver Pierce. 
Minot, George Rioker. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIA'ES. 

North Yarmouth, Wm. Bu.\ton. 
New Gloucester, Obd'h Whitman. 
Pownal, Joseph Brown, Jr. 
Poland, Reuben B. Dunn. 
Portland. Mark Harris, Nath'l 

Mitchell, F. 0. J. Smith. 
Raymond, Dominicus Jordan. 
Sebago, Nicholas Davi.s. 
Scarborough. Joseph Fogg. 
Standish, ."^argent Shaw. 
AVcstbrook, Jonathan Smith. 
Windham, Daniel Hall. 



• With Harrison. 



t With Dtisfielrl. 



R..bort P. Dunlap. Br 
Theodore Ingall-. Bri 



SENATfi, 1832. 
'wick. John L. Me-nire. P..rllaud. 

,ou. Siephen Webb, Jr., Win.lha 



LEGISLATURES OF MAINE. 



129 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



BuUlwin, Jushua Chadbouine. 
Bi-iagton, Asa Ingiills (2d). 
Ilninswick, David Dunlap. 
Cape Elizabeth, Wm. Cummin: 
Cumberland, James Prentice. 



Da 



ille, 



Durham, James 8trout. 
Falmouth, Joseph Colley. 
Freeport, Rufus Soule. 
Gorham, Josiah Pierce. 
Gray, Benjamin Smith. 
Ilarpswell, Stephen Merritt. 
Miuot, Willard H. Woodbury. 



New Gloucester, Aaron Eveleth. 

North Yarmouth, Nath'l True. 

Otisfield, Thomas Shed. 

Portland, Moses Hall, Joseph M. 
Gerrish, William Pitt Fes- 
senden, Charles B. Smith. 

Poland, Reuben B. Dunn. 

Pownal, Joseph Paine. 

Raymond, Zachariah Jordan. 

Scarborough, Joseph Fogg. 

Standish, Oliver Frost. 

Westbrook, Jonathan Smith. 

Windham, Elias Baker. 



SENATE, 1833. 



Francis 0. J. Smith, Portlaml. 
Allen H. Cobb, Durham. 



Stephen Webb, Jr., Windham. 
Asaph Howard, Minot. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Bridgton, George W. Cushman. 
Brunswick, David Dunlap. 
Cape Elizabeth, C. Ilanuaford. 
Cuuiberland, James Prince. 
Danville, John Stinchfield. 
Durham, Henry Moore. 
Falmouth, Cor. T. S. Brackett. 
Freeport, Theodore Curtiss. 
Gorham, Josiah Pierce. 
Gray, Nathaniel S. Lawrence. 
Harpswell, Paul Randall. 
Harrison, Charles Washburn. 
Minot, Godfrey Grosvenor. 



New Gloucester, Otis C. Gross. 

North Yarmouth, Wm. Buxton. 

Poland, Benjamin Walerhouse. 

Portland, Charles Q. Clapp, Na- 
thaniel G. Jewett, William 
Kimball, George W. Pierce. 

Pownal, Michael Dyer. 

Raymond, Henr^* Jordan. 

Scarborough, Cyrus Libby. 

Sebago, Isaac Ridlon. 

Standish, Oliver Frost. 

Westbrook, Jonathan Smith. 

Windham, none. 



SENATE, 1834. 
Allen H. Cobb, Durham. Josiah Pierce, Gorham. 

Asaph Howard, Minot. Jonathan Smith, Westbrook. 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Baldwin, Ebenezer Sawyer. 
Bridgton, Archibald Thompson. 
Brunswick, David Dunlap. 
Cape Elizabeth, C. Hannaford. 
Cumberland, Joseph Smith. 
Danville, James Goff. 
Durham, Henry Moore. 
Falmouth. Cor. T. S. Brackett. 
Freeport, Rufus Soule. 
Gorham, Wm. E. Files. 
Gray, Nathaniel S. Lawrence. 
Harpswell, Paul Randall. 
Minot, Joshua Parsons. 



New Gloucester, Sam'l Foxcroft. 

North Y'armouth, Wm. Buxton. 

Otisfield, John Hancock. 

Poland, Benjamin Waterhouse. 

Portland, Charles Q. Clapp, Na- 
thaniel G. Jewett, Geo. W. 
Pierce, William Kimball. 

Pownal, Adams True. 

Raymond, Dominicus Jordan. 

Scarborough, Asa Stewart. 

Standish, Elisha Strout. 

Westbrook, Levi Morrill. 

Windham, John Webb. 



SENATE, 1835. 
Josiah Pierce, Gorham. Tobias Purrinton, I 

lonathan Smith, Westbrook. Eliab Latham, Gra; 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Bridgton, Archibald Thompson. 
Brunswick, John M. O'Brien. 
Cape Elizabeth, John D. Buzzell. 
Cumberland, Joseph Sturdevant. 
Danville, Benjamin Walerhou.se. 
Durham, Joseph Warren. 
Falmouth, Ezra T. Buckuani. 
Freeport, Samuel Bliss. 
Gorham, Wm. E. Files. 
Gray, Meshaoh Humphrey. 
Harrison, Amos Thomes. 
Harpswell, John Curtis. 
Minot, Nathan L. Woodbury. 
New Gloucester, Charles Cobb. 

17 



North Yarmouth, Wm. Hawes. 

Poland, William Maxwell. 

Portland, Eliphalet Greeley, Lu- 
ther Jewett, James Brooks, 
John T. Walton. 

Pownal, Henry Warren. 

Raymouii, Jonas Jordan. 

Scarborough, Asa Strout. 

Sebago, David Potter. 

Standish, Elisha Strout. 

Westbrook, Levi Morrill 
janiin (Juinby. 

Windham. John Webb. 



Bcn- 



Josiah Pierce, Gorhar 
Tobias Purrinton, Br 



SENATE, 1836. 

Eliab Latham, Gray, 
wick. Nathaniel G. Jewetl, Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Baldwin, Peter Cram. 
Bridgton, Ashbel Cram. 
Brunswick, Alfred J. Stone. 
Cape Elizabeth, John D. Buzzell. 
Cumberland, Joseph Sturdevant. 
Danville, Benjamin Waterhouse. 
Durham, Joseph Warren. 
Falmouth, Charles W. Wait. 
Freeport, Rufus Soule. 
Gorham, Charles Hunt. 
Gray, Meshach Humphrey. 
Harpswell, John Curtis. 
Minot, Nathan L. Woodbury. 



New Gloucester, M. Woodman. 
North Yarmouth, Wm. Buxton. 
Otisfield, Mark Knight. 
Poland, Wm. Maxwell, Jr. 
Portland, Josiah S. Little, S. B 

Lyman, Alf(u-d Richard.«oi: 

John T. Walton. 
Pownal, Reuben Haskell. 
Raymond. Mark Jordan. 
Scarborough, Asa Stewart. 
Standish, Benj. Chadbourne. 
Westbrook, Jonathan Smith. 
Windham, Enoch White. 



SENATE, 1837. 
Rufus Soule, Freeport. Roscoe G. Greene, Portland. 

Nathan L. Woodbury, Minot. Nath'l S. Littlofield, Bridgton. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
Bridgton, Stephen Beman. 
Brunswick, David Dunlap. 
Cape Elizabeth, John D. Buzzell. 
Cumberland, Nich's Rideout, Jr. 
Danville, Samuel Stinchfield. 
Durham, Jonathan C. Merrill. 
Falmouth, George Turner. 
Freeport, Alfred Soule. 
Gorham, Charles Hunt. 
Gray, Jleshach Humphrey. 
Harpswell, Benjamin Randall. 
Harrison, Haskell Pierce. 
Minot, Enoch Littlefield. 



New Gloucester, E. AVoodman. 

Xorth Yarmouth, Nath'l True. 

Poland, Stephen M. Marble. 

Portland, James Appleton, Ran- 
dolph A. L. Codman, Charles 
Fox, S. R. Lyman. 

Pownal, Isaac Cushman. 

Raymond, Mark Jorilan. 

Scarborough, Stephen Sewell. 

Sebago, David Potter. 

Standish, Samuel Phinney. 

Westbrook, Benjamin Quinby. 

Windham, Elias Baker. 



Rufus Soule, Freeport. 
Nathan L. Woodbury, Minot. 



SENATE, 1838. 

Roscoe G. Greene, Portland. 
Nath'l S. Littlefield, Bridgton. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Portland, James Appleton, R. A. 

L. Codman, Chas. Fox, Syl- 

vanus R. Lyman. 
Falmouth, Ezra T. Buckman. 
North Yarmouth, Wm. Buxton. 
New Gloucester, 0. Bradbury. 
Brunswick, David Dunlap. 
Durham, Thomas Estes. 
Gray, Janes Ford. 
Baldwin, etc., Ephraim Flint. 
Harpswell, Wash'gton Garcelon. 
Gorham, Caleb Hodsdon. 
Otisfield, etc., John Hancock. 



Standish, James Harding. 
Windham, Allen Hamlin. 
Minot, William Lowell, Jr. 
Poland, Stephen M. Marble. 
Scarborough, Dan'l Moulton (;id). 
Danville, John Pcniey. 
Cumberland, John Smith. 
Cape Elizabeth, Hiram Staples. 
Freeport, Alfred Soule. 
Westbrook, Moses Stiles. 
Raymond, John Small, Jr. 
Bridgton. Moody F. Walker. 
Pownal, Henry Warren. 



SENATE, 1839. 



Otis C. Gross, New Gloucester. 
John C. Humphreys, Brunswick : 
resigned. 



N. S. Littlefield, Bridgton. 
Joshua Parsons, vice Humphreys. 
Charles Holden, Portland. 



HOUSK OF REPRESENT.ITIVES. 



Bridgton, Moody F. Walker. 
Brunswick, Elijah P. Pike. 
Cape Elizabeth, Sylv, Higgins. 
Cumberland, Reuel Drinkwater. 
Danville, Samuel Stinchfield. 
Durham, Thomas Estes. 
Falmouth, Ezra T. Bucknam. 
Freeport. Nathan Nye. 
Gorham, Caleb Hodsdon. 
Gn.v, James Ford. 



Harpswell, Washington Garcelon. 

Harrison, Harrison Blake. 

Minot, Calvin Bridgham. 

New Gloucester, 0. Bradbury. 

Xorth Yarmouth, Wm. Buxton. 

Poland, John Megquier. 

Portland, Jas. Appleton, Oliver 
B. Dorrance, Uosea Ilsley, 
Sylvanus R. Lyman. 

Pownal, Dennis Soule. 



130 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Uaymoncl, John SinnH, Jr. 
Scarborough, Danl. Moulton (lid). 
Sebago, Samuel Dyer. 



Standish, James Harding. 
Wcstbrook, Moses Sliloa. 
Windham. Sargent Shaw. 



SENATE, 1840. 



Otis C. Gross, New Glouccste 
Ira Crocker, Portland. 



Philip Eastman, Harrison. 
Levi L. Totman, Hurpswell. 



HOUSE OP REPBESENTATIVES. 



Baldwin, Samuel Ingalls. 
BriJgton, Jacob Hazen, Jr. 
Brunswick, KbcncMr Everett. 
Capo Elizabeth, Hiram Staplc.i, 
Cumberland, Samuel Merrill. 
Danville. Ehenezer AVithnm. 
Durham, Jonathan Strout. 
Falmouth, Daniel Merrill. 
Freeport, Theodore Curtis. 
Gorham, Robert Johnson, Jr. 
Gray, George Perley. 
Harpswell, Paul Randall. 
Minot, Charles Millctt. 



New (Jlouce.ster, David Allen. 

North Yarmouth, Wm. Buxton. 

Otisfield, Daniel Weston. 

Poland, John Megquicr. 

Portland, Oliver B. Dorrance, 
Wm. P. Fessenden, Sylvanus 
R. Lyman, E. Trowbridge. 

Pownal, Amos .Sawyer. 

Raymond, Ebenezer Hayden. 

Scarborough, Jo,seph Larrabee. 

Standish, Lemuel Rice (-id). 

Westbrook, Benjamin Quinby. 

AVindham, Sargent Shaw. 



SENATE, 1841. 
Charles S. Daveis, Portland. Joseph Freeman, Poland. 

Elijah P. Pike, Brunswick. John Sawyer, R.aymond. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

Windham, Thomas Hawkes. 
Raymond, Ebenezer Hayden. 
Scarborough, Joseph Larrabee. 
Minot, William Lowell. 
Brunswick, James F. Mathews. 
Cumberland, Samuel Morrill. 
Gorham, Robert Motley. 
Gray, George Perley. 
Falmouth, Francis Purinton. 
Standish, Lemuel Rich {■'Jd). 
Cape Elizabeth, Randall Skillin. 
Durham, Jonathan Strout. 
Danville, Ebenezer Witham. 



Portland, Josiah S. Little, Oliver 
B. Dorrance, Joshua Dunn, 
Sylvanus R. Lyman. 

New Gloucester, David Allen. 

Wcstbrook, Henry C. Babb. 

Harrison, Harrison Blake. 

Pownal, Samuel Bliss. 

North Yarmouth, Wm. Buxton. 

Poland, David Dunn. 

Freeport, Nathaniel Dunning. 

Sebago, Samuel Dyer. 

Harpswell, Washington Garcelon. 

Bridgton, Jesso Gibbs. 



SENATE, 1842. 
Jonathan Smith, Westbrook. Meshach Humphrey, Gray. 

Joseph Brown, Baldwin. Philip Eastman, Harrison. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

Bridgton, Jesse Gibbs. 

Brunswick, Benjamin H. Meder, 
Henry Merritt. 

Capo Elizabeth, Randall Skillen. 

Cumberland, Joseph Water- 
bouse.'" 

Danville, John R. Nutting. 

Durham, Jo5e])h Warren. 

Falmouth, Francis Purinton. 

Freeport, Nathaniel Dunning. 

Gorham, Jeremiah Parker. 

Gray, Theophilus Stimpson.j" 

Harpswell, John Blake. 

Minot, James GolT, Jr. 



Naples, Daniel D. Ruggles. 

New Gloucester, Joseph Raynes. 

North Y'armouth, Jer'h Mitchell. 

Otistield, George W. Barrows. 

Poland, David Dunn. 

Portland, Harris C. Barnes, 
Henry B. Osgood, Nathaniel 
Shaw, James Todd. 

Scarborough. Stephen L. Water- 
house. 

Sebago, Robert McDonald. 

Standish, Daniel C. Poolo. 

Westbrook, Henry C. Babb. 

Windham, Ezra Brown, Jr. 



SENATE, 1843. 



Tlieodore Ingalls, Bridgton. 
Charles Millctt, Minot. 



Charles Hunt, Gorham. 
James Strout, Durham. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
Auburn,. Tames Goff, ,Tr. 
Baldwin, Joshua Chadbourno. 
Brunswick, Benjamin H. Meder. 
Casco, Alphcus S. Holdcn. 



Durham, Simeon B.ailey. 
Falmouth, Daniel Morrill. 
Freeport, .Alfred Soule. 
Gorham, Daniel E. Emery. 



* In place of Tristram Sanborn, deceased. 

fin place nf Ileniy I'.nn.-ll, .rsigned. 



Gray, Theophilus Stirapson. 
New Gloucester, Joseph Raynes. 
North Y''armouth, Jor'h Mitchell. 
Poland, David Dunn. 
Portland, Josiah S. Little, Thos. 
Chadwick, Henry B. Hart. 



Scarborough, Stephen L. Wate 

house. 
Stamlish, Daniel C. Poole. 
Westbrook, Henry C. Babb. 
Windham, Ezra Brown, Jr. 



SENATE, 1844. 



Charles Hunt, Gorham. 
Charles Millett, Minot. 



Joseph Brown, Pownal. 
Moody F. Walker, Portland. 



HOUSE DP REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Benjamin H. Meder. 
Cajie Elizabeth, Randall Skillen. 
Diinville, Nathaniel L. Ingersoll. 
Falmouth, Daniel Merrill. 
Freeport, Richard Merrill. 
Gorham, Daniel C. Emery. 
Harrison, Hosea H. Huntress. 
Harpswell, John Blake. 
Minot, Jabez C. AVoodman. 



North Y'armouth, Wm. Buxton. 
Poland, David Dunn. 
Portland, Josiah S. Little, Thos. 
Chadwick, Phinehas Barnes. 
Pownal, Daniel Paine. 
Raymonil, .Tames M. Leach. 
Scarborough, David Potter. 
AVestbrook, .Tereraiah Beedle. 
AVindbam, Edward Anderson. 



David Dunn, Poland. 
James Strout, Durhau 



SENATE, 1845. 

Randall Skillin, Cape Elizabeth. 
Alpheus S. Holden, Casco. 



HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIA'ES 
Auburn, Enoch Littlefield. 
Bridgton, Reuben Ball. 
Brunswick, Adam Lemont. 
Cumberland, Nieh's Rideout, Jr. 
Durham, Alvab Marston. 
Freeport, Samuel Soule. 
Gorham, Jeremiah Parker. 
Naples, John G. Connell. 
New Gloucester, Peter Haskell. 



North Yarmouth. Gushing Prince. 

Poland, Eliphalet Davis. 

Portland, Phinehas Barnes, Thos. 
Chadwick, AVm. Pitt Fessen- 
den. 

Scarborough, Dorville Libby. 

Standish, Eiienezer Moulton. 

Westbrook, James John.son. 



SENATE, 1846. 



David Dunn, Poland. 

Randall Skillin, Cape Elizabeth. 



Alpheus S. Holden, Casco. 
Rufus Porter, Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Auburn, Thomas L. Howard. 
Baldwin, John Burrell, Jr. 
Brunswick, Adam Lemont. 
Cape Elizabeth, James Triekcy. 
Casco, Frederick Nutting. 
Cumberland, Eph'm Sturdivant. 
Danville, Nathaniel L. Ingersoll. 
Freepoi't, Samuel Soule. 
Gorham, Hugh D. McLcllan. 
Harpswell, Levi L. Totman. 



Harrison, Abner Libby. 
North Yarmouth, Gushing Prince. 
Poland, Freeland Marble. 
Portland. Thos. Chadwick, AVm. 

Pitt Fessenden, Phinehas 

Barnes. 
Pownal, Benjamin Small. 
Standish, Ebenezer lAIoulton. 
AVestbrook, Jeremiah Beedle. 
AVindbam, Enoch AVhite. 



SENATE, 1847. 



Rufus Porter, Portland. 
James M. Leach, Raymond. 



Samuel Mayall, Gray. 
Charles Holden, Portlai 



Bridgton, Lothrop Ijcwis. 
Brunswick, Joseph Lunt (2d). 
Durham, Scwell Libby. 
Falmouth, Francis Purinton. 
Freeport, Benjamin Lufkin. 
Gorham, Hugh D. McLellan. 
(iray, Jacob Clark. 
Minot, Richard II. Ford. 
New Gloucester, Chas. Megquicr. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

Poland, Freeland Marble. 
Portland, AVilliam Boyd, Thomas 
Chadwick. AVm. Goodenow. 
Raymond, Samuel S. Brown. 
Scarborough. Nath'I Fenderson. 
Sebago, Robert McDonald. 
Standish, AVilliam U Lowell. 
Wcstbrook. Leander A'alentiue. 
Windham, Daniel Rogers. 



North Yarmouth, ,^am'l Sweetsir. 



i^amuel Mayall. Gray. 
I'harles Holden, Portia 



SENATE, 1848. 

James M. 
1, William 1 



ach. Raymi 
loughty. Ur 



LEGISLATURES OP MAINE. 



131 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, William Ciutis. 
Cape Elizabeth, D. M. Skilliii. 
Cumberland, Moses Leighton. 
Danville, Edward T. Little. 
Freeport, Samuel Tbing. 
tiorham, Hugh D. McLellan. 
HarpsweU, William Randall. 
Harrison, Marquis D. Caswell. 
Minot, Richard H. Ford. 
Naples, Jefferson Bray, 



eetsir. 



North Yarmouth, Sa 
Otisfield, Wilkinson Edcs. 
Poland, David Dunn. 
Portland, Phinchas Barnes, Wm. 

Goodenow, Wm. Kimball. 
Pownal, Joseph Small. 
Standish, William H. Lowell. 
Westbrook, Leander Valentine. 
Windham, Asa Legrow. 



SENATE, 1849. 



Cha*. Megquier, New Gloucester. 
Eph. Sturdivant, Cumberland. 



John P. Davis, Naples. 
Leander Valentine, Westbrook. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Auburn, Thomas Littlefield. 
Baldwin, John Burnell, Jr. 
Bridgton, Samuel Andrews (2d). 
Brunswick, William Curtis. 
Casco, Daniel Murch. 
Durham, Jonathan C. Merrill. 
Falmouth, Joseph Cullev. 
Freeport, Samuel Thing. 
Gray, Daniel Hall. 
Gorham, James Mann. 



New Gloucester, Thos. Johnson. 
North Yarmouth, Sam'l Sweetsir. 
Poland, Robert Martin. 
Portland, H. Carter, Wm. Good- 
enow, Elisha Trowbridge. 
Standish, William T. Chadbourne. 
Scarborough, Nath. Fenderson. 
Westbrook, Samuel Jordan. 
Windham, Daniel Rogers. 



SENATE, 1850. 



Alvah Marston, Durham. 
Marshal Cram, Bridgton. 



Eph. Sturdivant, Cumberland. 
George F. Shepley, Portland. 



HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, James Cox. 
Cape Elizabeth, Reuben Higgins. 
Cumberland, Moses Leighton. 
Danville, George W. Chase. 
Freeport, Samuel A. Holbrook. 
Gorham, James Mann. 
HarpsweU, William Randall. 
Harrison, John E. Dunuclls. 
Minot, Richard H. Ford. 
North Y'armouth, Wm. Buxton. 



Portland, Henry Carter, Henry P. 

Dean, Rufus Horton. 
Poland, Robert Martin. 
Pownai, Elbridge Y'ork. 
Raymond, William Plummer. 
Sebago, James Weed. 
Standish, Wm. T. Chadbourne. 
Westbrook, Samuel Jordan. 
Windham, Daniel Rogers. 



SENATE, 1851. 



James Mann, Gorham. 
John E. Dunnells, Hai 



William R. Porter, Yarmouth. 
Thomas Littlefield, Auburn. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
Auburn, John Downing, Jr. 
Bridgton, Thomas Cleaves. 
Brunswick, James Cox. 
Durham, Joseph Warren. 
Falmouth, Daniel Merrill. 
Freeport, Simeon Pratt. 
Gray, Daniel Hall. 
Gorham, Jonathan Hanson. 
Naples, Washington Bray. 
New Gloucester, Jonathan True, 



Otisfield, Wm. E. F. Linnell. 

Poland, David Dunn. 

Portland, Henry Carter, Henry 

P. Dean, Rufus Horton. 
Scarborough, John Larrabee. 
Standish, Edmund Dresser. 
Westbrook, Aaron Quinby. 
Windham, Samuel Hunt. 
Yarmouth, Ammi Storer. 



SENATE, 1852. 
James Mann, Gorham. William R. Porter, Yarmouth. 

John E. Dunnells, Harrison. Thomas Littlefield, Auburn. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
Auburn, John Downing, Jr. 
Bridgton, Thomas Cleaves. 
Brunswick, James Fox. 
Durham, Joseph Warren. 
Falmouth, Daniel Merrill. 
Freeport, Simeon Pratt. 



Gray, Daniel Hall. 
Gorham, Jonathan Hanson. 
Naples, Washington Bray. 
New Gloucester, Jonathan True. 
Otisfield, William E. F. Linnell. 
Poland, David Dunn. 



P..rl!and. Henry Carter, Henr 

P. Dean, Rufus Horton. 
Scarborough, John Larrabee. 
Standish, Edmund Dresser. 



Westbrook, Aaron tjuinby. 
Windham, Daniel Rogers. 
Y'armouth, Ammi Storer. 



SENATE, 1853. 



James Mann, Gorham. 
John E. Dunnells, Harrison. 



Warren H. Vinton, Gray. 
William Lowell, Standish. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Auburn, George Ricker, Jr. 
Bridgton, Rensselaer Cram. 
Brunswick, Joseph Lunt, Jr. 
Cape Elizabeth, Soot Dyer. 
Cumberland, Reuben Blanchard. 
Durham, William Newell, Jr. 
Freeport, Theodore Curtis. 
Gray, Thomas Hancock. 
Gorham, Charles Paine. 
HarpsweU, Clement Skofield. 



Harrison, William Haskell. 
Minot, Nathan C. Harris. 
Naples, Wilkinson Edes. 
New Gloucester, S. H. Campbell. 
Poland, Daniel Waterman. 
Portland, Sewell C. Chase, Wm. 
Pitt Fessenden, J. M. Wood. 
Scarborough, John Larrabee. 
Westbrook, Aaron Quinby. 
Windham, David P. Baker. 



SENATE, 1854. 



Warren H. Vinton, Gra 
William Lowell, Standii 



James T. McCobb, Portland. 
Jacob Hazen, Bridgton. 



HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 



Auburn, Thomas Littlefield. 
Baldwin, Albert Sanborn. 
Bridgton, Nath'l S. Littlefield. 
Brunswick, Charles J. Oilman. 
Casco, William Dingley, Jr. 
Danville, Ebenezer Witham, 
Falmouth, Glendy Moody. 
Freeport, Ebenezer Wells. 
Gorham, Charles Paine. 
North Y'armouth, B. B. Porter. 



Otisfield. .John Hancock. 

Poland, George Bridgham, Jr. 

Portland, Charles G. Came, Sew- 
ell C. Chase, Wm. Pitt Fes- 
senden, James M. Wood. 

Pownal, Samuel Bliss. 

Raymond, John Sawyer. 

Staudish, Theodore M. Bradbury. 

Westbrook. George Libby. 

Windham, Ephraim Legrow. 



SENATE, 1855. 



Henry A. Boody, Brunswick. 
Nathaniel Pease, Bridgton. 



Aaron Quinby, Westbrook. 
William Willis, Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Bridgton, Luke Brown. 
Brunswick, Benjamin Furbish. 
Cumberland, Sewell Blanchard. 
Cape Elizabeth, E. L. Pil Isbury. 
Freeport, George Bacon. 
Gray, James Small, Jr. 
Gorham, Jacob C. Baker. 
HarpsweU, Clement Skofield. 
Harrison, George W. Barrows. 



New Gloucester, H. P. Osgood. 

Portland, Charles 6. Came, Sam- 
uel R. Leavitt, William W. 
Thomas. 

Standish, Theodore M. Bradbury. 

Scarborough, Robert McLaugh- 
lin, Jr. 

Sebago, Oliver D. Dike. 

Westbrook, George Libby. 



SENATE, 1856. 



Abner B. Thompson, Brunswick. 
Horatio J. Swasey, Standish. 



Phinehas Barnes, Portland. 
Josiab Blaisdell. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Baldwin, James Norton. 
Bridgton, Samuel Andrews {2d). 
Brunswick, Samuel S. Wing. 
Cape Elizabeth, James Trickey. 
Falmouth, AVilliam Prince. 
Freeport, William Gregg. 
Gorham, Jacob C. Baker. 
Naples, John G. Connell. 
North Y'armouth, Adams True. 
Otisfield, Johnson W. Knight. 



Poland, William Stanton. 

Portland, J. S. Little (Speaker), 
Sylvanus R. Lyman, James 
Todd. 

Pownal, Jeremiah Mitchell. 

Raymond, James M. Leach. 

Westbrook, Daniel Winslow. 

AVindham, Ezra Brown. 

Yarmouth, Sylvanus C. Blanch- 
ard. 



SENATE, 1857. 
John B. Brown, Portland. John P. Davis, Naples. 

Eleazer Burbank, Y'armouth. Clement Pbinney, Portland. 



132 



HISTORY OF CUMBEKLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Hridgtoii, liiirwin In^alls. 
Brunenick, Josejih C. Given. 
Cnsco, Isiiiah GoulJ. 
Falmouth, Jeremiah llobba. 
Kreeport, Ebcnozor AVells. 
Uorhaiu, Joshua E. Hall, 
(rray, Warren II. Vinton. 
Ilarpswcll, James 11. Dunning. 
Harrison, Samuel Walker, Jr. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

Xew Gloucester, Sewall Gross. 

Portluuil, ThomaB A. Dehlois, 
Henry Fo.\, Eilward Ham- 
blen. 

Scarborough, Cyrus F. Moulton. 

Standish, Henry M. Chadbourne. 

Westbrook, Sewell Brackett. 

Windham, Jacob Marston. 



SENATE, 1858. 



William W. Thomas, Portland. 
Eleazer Burbank, Yarmouth. 



John P. Davis, Naples. 
Charles W.Qoddard, Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Baldwin, Christopher D.Sawyer. 
Bridgton, Darwin Ingalls. 
Brunswick, Henry II. Boody. 
Casco, Potter J, Mayberry. 
Cumberland, Benjamin Rideout. 
Freeport, Micah Stockbridge. 
Gorham, Joshua E. Hall. 
North Yarmouth, Silas Skillin. 



Otisfield, William C. Smith. 
Portland, Nath'l J. Miller, Wm. 
V. Bowcn, Llewelyn Deane. 
Raymond, Zach. L. Whitney. 
Sebago, Stephen R. Porter. 
Standish, Henry M. Chadbourne. 
Westbrook, Sewell Brackett. 
Yarmouth, Samuel Bucknam. 



SENATE, 1859. 



Chas. Hannaford, Cape Elizabeth. 
Clement Skolield, Brunswick. 



Edward Anderson, Windham. 
Charles W. Goddard, Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Bridgton, Benjamin AValker. 
Brunswick, Joseph ('. (fiven. 
Cape Elizabeth, Elihu Hasly 
Falmouth, William Prince. 
Freeport, Ebenezcr Wells. 
Gorham, Frederick Robie. 
Gray, Jacob Clark. 
Harrison, Samuel Thomas. 
Naples, Samuel F. Perley. 



Xew Gloucester, George Blake. 
Portland, Joshua Dunn, Moses M. 

Butler, Ncal Dow. 
Pownal, David T. Libby. 
Scarborough, James S. Libby. 
Westbrook, Rufus King. 
Windham, Seward M. Baker. 
Yarmouth, Paul G. Blanchard. 



SENATE, 1860. 
Chas. Hannaford, Capo Elizabeth. Edward Anderson, Windham. 
Clement Skofiold, Brunswick. Samuel F. Perley, Naples. 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Thomas Skofield. 
Bridgton, George L. Cleaves. 
Baldwin, D. T. Richardson. 
Cape Elizabeth, Elihu Hasty. 
Cumberland, Peter Merrill. 
Freeport, Ebenozer Wells. 
Raymond, Franklin Sawyer. 
Gray, Bphraim Lawrence. 



Gorham, Frederick Robie. 
Portland, Neal Dow, Joshua 

Dunn, Newell A. Foster. 
Sebago, William Haley. 
Standish, Mark R. Came. 
North Y'armouth, Wm. Buxton. 
Westbrook, Rufus King. 
Yarmouth, Paul G. Blanchard. 



SENATE, 1861. 
Nathaniel J. Miller, Portland. Nathaniel Pease, Bridgton. 

Sewell N. Gross, New Gloucester. Warren H. Vinton, Gray. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
Brunswick, Thomas Skofield. 
Bridgton, John P. Perley. 
Casco, Richard Mayberry. 
Freeport, G. W. Randall. 
Falmouth, S. N. Morrill. 
Harrison, George Pierce. 
Gorham, James Phinney. 
Now Gloucester, John P. Stev( 



Portland, N. A. Foster, S. E. 

Spring, Edward Fox. 
Westbrook, David Torrey. 
Windham, S. E. Hunkins. 
Otisfield, J. K. Lovewell. 
llarpswoll, T. U. Eaton. 
Naples, Joseph Hall. 
Scarborough, John Libby. 



SENATE, 1862. 
Warren H. Vinton, Gray. Sewell N. Gross, New Oloucestor. 

Nathaniel Pease, Bridgton. Lorenzo D. M. Sweat. Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Baldwin, Cyrus S.. Brown. 
Bridgton, John P. Perley. 
Brunswick, Benjamin Furbish. 
Casco, D. M. Cook. 
Cape Elizabeth, Reuben Higgins. 
Freeport, George W. Randall. 
Gorham, James Phinney. 
Gray, John Mayall. 



Portland, Benjamin Kingsbury, 
Jr., John Lynch, Jacob Mc- 
Lellan, Joseph W. Dyer. 

Pownal, Nathaniel Dyer. 

Raymond, David Nash. 

Windham, Thomas L. Smith. 

Westbrook, David Torrey. 

Yarmouth, Amos Osgood. 

Sebago, Amos Ward. 



SENATE, 1863. 
Samuel E. Spring, Portland. Daniel Elliot, Brunswick. 

John H. Philbrick, Standish. Levi Cram, Bridgton. 



HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 

Bridgton, Joshua Howard. 
Cumberland, Willard Clough. 
Falmouth, John AVilliams. 
Harpswoll, Lemuel H. Stover. 
Scarborough, James Gunnison. 
Standish, Frederic Lowell. 
Yarmouth, Nathaniel Gooch. 
Otisfield, Matthew H. Winslow. 
Yarmouth, Reuben Merrill. 



Brunswick, John L. Swift. 

Cape Elizabeth. Isaac Vickery. 

Freeport, Samuel A. Holbrook. 

Gorham, Joseph W. Parker. 

New Gloucester, Miltimoro Watts. 

Portland, Benjamin Kingsbury, 
Jr., Abner Shaw, George 
Worcester, Jacob McLellau. 

Westbrook, Francis 0. J. Smith. 



SENATE, 1864. 



Samuel E. Spring, Portland. 
John H. Philbrick, Standish. 



Daniel Elliot, Brunswick. 
Levi Cram, Bridgton. 



HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Marshall Cram. 
Cape Elizabeth, Isaiah Vickery. 
Falmouth, Nathaniel Merrill. 
Freeport, Samuel A. Holbrook. 
Gorham, .loseph W. Parker. 
Gray, Robert A. Allen. 
Yarnioutlj, Reuben Merrill. 



Portland, John Lynch, Nathan 
Webb, George AV. Woodman, 
.Samuel W. Larrabee. 

Bridgton, Frederick J. Littlefield. 

Cumberland, Charles Wyman. 

Harpswell, Lemuel U. Stover. 

Naples, Daniel Richardson. 

Westbrook. Francis 0. J. Smith. 



SENATE, 1865. 



George W. Woodman, Portland. 
Samuel A. Holbrook, Freeiiort. 



George Pierce, Harrison. 
Daniel T. Richardson, Baldn 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Marshall Cram. 

Freeport, Gershom Bliss. 

Gorham, Edward P. Weston. 

North Y'armouth, Sam'l H. Sweet- 
sir. 

Portland, Nathan Webb, Samuel 
W. Larrabee, J. Frank Mil- 
ler, N. 0. Cram. 



Bridgton, John P. Perley. 
Pownal, Franklin Curti.". 
Sebago, Almon Young. 
Baldwin, Josiah Millikcn. 
Cape Elizabeth, Wm. B. Higgins. 
Casco, Alpheus S. Holdeu. 
New Gloucester, Otis C. Nelson. 



SENATE, 1866. 



Geo. W. Woodman, Portland. 
Samuel A. Holbrook, Freeport. 



George Peirce, Harrison. 
Daniel T. Richardson, Baldwin. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Samuel R. Jackson. 
Cape Elizabeth, Fred. R. Jordan. 
Falmouth, Alvin Hall. 
Freeport, Gershom Bliss. 
Gorham, Benjamin P. Sturgis. 
Gray, John M. Libby. 
Harpswell, Thomas A. Estos. 
Harrison, John Dawes, 
Otisfield, Benjamin T. Holden. 



Portland, J. Frank Miller, Geo. 

F. Shoplcy, FVed. G. Mesiser, 

George AVorcestcr. 
Raymond, Franklin .Sawyer. 
Scarborough, Horatio Hight. 
Standish, Eliakim Wescott. 
Westbrook, Edward Payson. 
Yarmouth, Elbridge G. Wagg. 



SENATE, 1867. 
George W. Woodman, Portland. Frederick Robie, Gorham. 
Samuel A. Holbrook, Freeport. Luke Brown, Bridgton. 



LEGISLATURES OF MAINE. 



133 



Biklgton, Charles E. Gibbs. 
Brunswick, Samuel R. Jaekson 
Cape Elizabeth, Heno' E. IK-nle. 
Cumberland, Dauiel K. Alleu. 
Falmouth, Alvin Hall. 
Freeport, Ebenezcr Wells. 
Gorham, Albion P. Files. 
Harpswell, Thomas Pennell. 
Naples, Samuel F. Perley. 



HOi:SE or REPRESENTATIVES. 

New Gloucester, D. W. Merrill. 
Portland, Geo. F. Shepley, Fred. 
G. Messer, Gran'lle M. Chase, 
Charles J. Morris. 
Standish, Tobias Lord. 
Westbrook, Clement Phinney. 
Windham, William Goold. 

th, Elbridge G. Wagg. 



Frederick Robie, Oorhai 
Luke Brown, Bridgton. 



SENATE, 1868. 
1. Frederick G. Messer, Portland. 

Jeremiah Mitchell, Yarmouth. 



HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES 

Baldwin, James Norton. 
Brunswick, Marshall Cram. 
Bridgton, Charles E. Gibbs. 
CasGO, David Duren. 
Cape Elizabeth, Geo. F. Ilcnlev 
Freejiort, John A. Briggs. 
Gorham, Albion P. Files. 
North Yarmouth, Moses True. 
New Gloucester, Geo. T. Merrill 



Portland, Chas. J. Morris, Gren- 
ville M. Chase, Thos. B. 
Reed, Jr., Newell A. Foster. 

Pownal, Isaac Lobdell. 

Raymond, William Nason. 

.Sebago, Charles A. McKenney. 

Westbrook, Charles B. Stevens. 

Windham. Georire Goold. 



SENATE, 1869. 



Frederick G. Messer, Portland. 
Jeremiah Mitchell, Y'armouth. 



Marquis D. L. Lane, Standish. 
Charles E. Gibbs, lirids-ton. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

Baldwin, .John Wiggin. 
Bridgton. William F. Perry. 
Brunswick, Chas. C. Humphreys. 
Cape Elizabeth, Chas. Deering. 
Casco, Hiram Cook. 
Deering, Solomon .Stuart. 
Falmouth, Adam F. Winslow. 
Freeport, S. A. Holbrook. 



Gorham, Frederick Robie. 

New Gloucester, Freeman Jordan. 

Portland, James D. Fessenden, 
Chas. Holden, Enoch Knight, 
Weston F. Milliken, George 
Trcfethen. 

Raymond, Benj. F. Wentworth. 

Westbrook, Fabius M. Ray. 



Caleb A. Chapl 
Henry Pennell, Gray 



SENATE, 1873. 

Harrison. Charles Humphrey, Y'armouth. 

Henry H. Burgess, Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
Cape Elizabeth, Wm. Atwood. 
Freeport, Henry C. Brewer. 
Standish, Isaac L. Came. 
Portland, James D. Fessenden, 

Prentiss Loring, Weston F. 

Milliken, Wm. W. Thomas, 

Jr., George Trefethen. 
Gorham, Merrill T. Files. 
Deering, Andrew Hawes. 
Cumberland, John Hulit. 

SENATE, 1874. 



Brunswick, Chas. C. Humphreys. 
Y'armouth, Giles Loring. 
Sebago, John D. Martin. 
Windham, Richard Mayberry. 
Bridgton, AVilliam F. Perry. 
Harpswell, George R. Scolfield. 
Harrison, William Twombly. 
Gray. Warren H. Vinton. 
Westbrook, John E. Warren. 



Henry H. Burgess, Portland. 
William Goold, Windham. 



William W. Cross, Bridgton. 
Samuel A. Holbrook, Freeport. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
New Glouceoter, 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Marshall Cram. 
Cape Elizabeth, Cyrus Colo. 
Cumberland, Asa Greely. 
Falmouth, Whitman Sawyer, 
Gorham, James M. Buzzell. 
I'recport, John A. Briggs. 
Harrison, Philander Tolman. 
Harpswell, Lemuel H. Stover 
Naples, Robert Edes. 

SENATE, 1870. 



C. Chandler. 

Portland, J. H. Drummond, Thos. 
B. Reed, Charles J. Morris, 
Thomas E. Twitohell. 

Standish, Tobias Lord. 

Scarborough, S. B. Gunnison. 

Westbrook, Geo. W. Hammond. 

Yarmouth. Andrew Leightou. 



Marquis D. L. Lane, Standish. 
Charles E. Gibbs, Bridgton. 



Henry Carvill, Brunswick. 
Thomas B. Reed, Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Brunswick, Coan Jordan. 
Cape Elizabeth, Cyrus Cole. 
Cumberland, Saml. M. liraekett. 
Falmouth, .\. J. Dearborn. 
Freeport, Samuel A. Holbrook. 
Gorham, Roscoe G. Harding. 
Gray, Albert N. Sawyer. 
Harrison, Orrin Bartlett. 
Harpswell, Lemuel H. Stover. 



Naples, Orrin Douglass. 

Portland, Thomas E. Twitohell, 
Percival Bonuey, Henry H. 
Burgess, Joshua W. Water- 
house. 

Standish, James G. Sturgiss. 

Westbrook, Geo. W. Hammond. 

Windham, Ebenezer H. Mayo. 

Y'armouth, Andrew Leighton. 



SENATE, 1871. 
Marquis D. L. Lane, Standish. Chailes J. Morris, Portland. 

Henry Carvill, Brunswick. Samuel F. Perley, Naples. 



Baldwin, Hiram Gctchell. 
Brunswick, Marshall Cram. 
Cape Elizabeth, Henry Nutter. 
Freeport, Henry C. Brewer. 
Gorham, Frederick Robie. 
Gray, Henry T. Simpson. 
Harrison, Albert Gray. 
North Tarmotith, Saml. Skillin 
Otisaeld, David S. Andrews. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

Portland, Henry H. Burgess, Per 
cival Bonney, Nat. Cleaves 
Charles H. Haskell. 

Pownal, Istiac S. Brown. 

Raymond, Orrin B. Lane. 

.Sebago, Luther Fitoh. 

Westbrook, Fabius M. Ray. 

Windham, John C. Cobb. 



SENATE, 1872. 
Charles J. Morris, Portland. Henry Pennell, Gr.ay. 

Caleb A. Chaplin, Harrison. Charles Humphrey, Y'f 



Bridgton. Benjamin C. Stone. 
Brunswick, Henry Carvill. 
Cape Elizabeth, Thos. B. Haskell. 
Casco, Russell G. Scribner. 
Deering, Solomon Stuart. 
Falmouth, Adam F. Winslow. 
Freeport, George Aldrich. 
G.n-lmm, Merrill T. Files. 
Naples, Orrin B. Lane. 
New Gloucester, Isaac H. Keith. 



Portland, Wm. W . Thomas, Jr., 
Stanley T. PuUen, James D. 
Fessenden, Weston F. Milli- 
ken, Charles A. Waldcn. 

Scarborough, William Moulton. 

Standish, Orrin R. Phinney. 

Westbrook, John E. Warren. 

Windham, Charles Rogers. 

Y'armouth, David G. Loring. 



SENATE, 1875. 



William Goold, Windham. 
William W.Cross, Bridgton. 



Samuel A. Holbrook, Freeport. 
Charles H. Haskell, Portland. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Baldwin, J. .slab Milliken. 
Bridgton, Benjamin C. Stone. 
Brunswick, Hartwell Little. 
Cape Elizabeth, James Trickey. 
Cumberland, Peter Merrill. 
Deering, Andrew Hawes. 
Gray, John D. Anderson. 
Gorham, Kimball Eastman. 
Harrison, John P. Lamb. 
Naples, Washington Bray. 



Portland, Nathan Cleaves, Wil- 
liam (i. Davis, William W. 
Thoma.s Jr., Daniel W. True. 
Charles A. Walden. 

Pownal, Israel T. Mclntire. 

Scarborough, William Moulton. 

Westbrook, Nathan P. Roberts. 

\\'indbam, Charles Rogers. 

Y'armouth, Perez N. Blanchard. 



SEN.\TE, 187G. 
Charles H. Haskell, Portland. Albert Gray, Harrison. 

Benjamin M. Baker, Wiudham. Isaac S. Brown, Pownal. 

HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 



Bridgton, Benjamin T. Chase. 
Brunswick, Francis C. Jordan. 
Cape Elizabeth, James Trickey. 
Casco. Solomon M. (Jay. 
Deering, Charles E. Morrill. 
Falmouth, Behi Blanchard. 
Freeport, George Aldrich, 
Gorham, Frederick Robie. 
Harpswell, Daniel R. Stover. 
New Gloucester, Otis C. Nelson. 



Piu tland, Henry B. Cleaves, Sam- 
uel J. Anderson, William G. 
Davis, Mclvin P. Frank,Dan- 
icl W. True. 

Sebago, John D. Martin. 

.Standish, John L. Chase. 

Westbrook, William L. Warren. 

Windham, John T. Fellows. 

Yarmouth, Perez N. Blanchard. 



134 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



SKNATK, 187' 



JaiiK'S Bailey, I'milili 
AVaireii 11. Vini.>n. (i 



IkMij. K. Xiiltcr, Cape KVmiU 
I'liilun.ler T..li,i;ii), Uiirrison. 



Biiilglon, Uonjamin T. Chase. 
Brunswick, Francis C. Jordan. 
Capo Elinabcth, Thos. B. Haskell 
Cuniljcrland, AV'illiaiu P. York. 
Dcoring, .John M. .\(lains. 
Ijorham, Frederick Robio. 
Gray, George A. iMorrill. 
llarpswell, Daniel R. Stover. 
Otistield. Jonathan Wardwell, Jr. 



HOUSE OF KEPllE.SKNTATIVES. 

Portland, Henry B. Cleaves, Isaac 
Jackson, George C. Little- 
field, Joseph A. Locke, .Jacob 
.*. Winsloiv. 

Pownal. Henry M. Warren. 

Raymond, Charles X. Wilson. 

.•^tandish, John h. Chase. 

Wcstbrook, William L. Warren. 

Windham, John T. Fellows. 

Yarmouth, William Af. Thomas. 



SENATE, 1878. 



James Bailey, Portland. 
Warren H. Vinton, Gray. 



William G. Davis, Portland. 
Philander Tolman, Harrison. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Baldwin. Ebenez.cr Sawyer. 
Bridgton. (icorgo Taylor. 
Brunswick, .Stephen J. Y'oung 
Cape Elizabeth, liunjamin 

Fickctt. 
Deering, John M. Adams. 
Falmouth, C.xlvin S. True. 
I'reeport, George A. Davis, 
(iorham, Frederick Robie. 
Harrison, John W. Caswell. 
New Gloucester, Wm. 11. Tru 



North Yarmouth, (jcorge M. 
Solders. 

Portland, Jacob S. Winslow, 
W. Chas. McLaughlin, Roswoll 

M. Richardson, Edmund 
Daim, Jr., Lewis Pierce. 

Raymond, Charles N. Wilson. 

Scarborough, Aug. F. Moulton. 

Wcstbrook, Charles E. Boody. 

Windham, l,indley M. AVcbb. 



SENATE, 1879. 



rcn II. Vinton, Gray. 
W. Thomas, Jr., Portland. 



Andrew llawes, Deering 
David Duran, Casco. 



HOUSE OF REPRESENT.\TIVES. 



Bridgton, Rufus Gibbs. 
Brunswick, Steplien J. Young. 
Cape Elizabeth, Benj. W. Fickett. 
Casco, George Murch. 
Cumberland, Sam'l M. Brackctt. 
I>eering, Xehemiah .Smart. 
Frceport, Josiah P. Merrill. 
Gorham, William Guptill (2d). 
Gray, Edward Cobb. 



Portland, Joseph A. Locke, Ed- 
mund Dana, Jr., Melvin P. 
Frank, Darius 11. Ingraham, 
Frederick Fox. 

Scarborough, Aug. F. Moulton. 

Sebago, Edwin S. Poor. 

Standi^h, Tobias Lord, Jr. 

Wcstbrook, Merritt W. Stiles. 

AVindham, Andrew J. Morrill. ' 

Yarmouth, William W. Thomas. 



CHAPTER XXIV. 

COUNTY CIVIL AND JUDICIAL LIST. 
COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.* 

This court was established in York County in 1699, and 
was continued there and in this county till 1811. On the 

* The judges of the Common Pleas who were in office at the time 
of the separation of the State from Massachusetts, in 1820, retained 
their offices until 1H22, when a new act was passed reorganizing the 
court and establishing one Court of Common Pleas for the whole State. 
Under this act Ezckiel Whitman, of Portland, was appointed Chief 
Justice and Samuel E. Smith, of Wiscasset, and David Pcrham, of 
Bangor, Associates. Another change was made in the system in \XS'J, 
by which the Stnto was divided into districts, and five judges of equal 
rank were appointed. Judge Whitman received the appointment for 
the Western District, which embraced the counties of Y'ork, Cumber- 
land, Oxford, and Franklin, and held it till his appointment in 1841, 
as chief justice of the Supreme Court, in the place of Chief Justice 
Weston. 



division ufthn cuniity, in 1700, John Minot, Iv/.ckini Cush- 
ini;;, Enoch Freeman, and Edward Millikeu were appointed 
justices. Tlie foUowinj; will .siiow the judsios of this court 
and the time of tiieir service ; 

.John Minot, 17(10-01; Ezekiol Cashing, 1760-04: Enoch Freeman 
1760-88; Edward .Milliken, 1760-71; Jeremiah Powell, 1763-81 
Alexander Ross, 176B-67; Moses Pearson, 1770-75; Jonas Mason 
177.1-77; Solomon Lombard, 1776-81; David Mitchell, 1778-8« 
John Lewis, 1782-1803; Jedediah Preble, 1782-83 ; Josiah Thatchei 
1784- 09; William Gorham, 1789-1804; Stephen Longfellow, 1797- 
1811; Robert Southgate, 1801-11 ; .lohn Frothingham, 1804-11. 

CIRCUIT COURT OP COMMON PLEAS. 

Benjamin Greene, Judah Dana, 1812-22 ; William Widgery, 1813- 
22. 

COURT OP GENERAL SESSIONS OF THE PEACE. 

This was the oldest court in CumbeHand County. It 
was extended to Falmouth from York for one session a year 
in 1735. When the county was divided it was continued 
here till 1808, when itwas superseded by the Court of Ses- 
sions. It was composed of all the justices of the peace in 
the county, who are called in the records " His Majesty's 
Justices of the Court of General Sessions of the Peace for 
Cumberland County." The officer authorized to implead 
before them was at first called a " King's Attorney," but 
afterwards, about the time of the Revolution, a " State's 
Attorney." This court was " empowered to hear and deter- 
mine all matters relating to the conservation of the peace and 
the punishment of offenders, to grant licenses, lay out high- 
ways," etc. We give from the records the following list of 
justices of this court : 

1760.— John Minot, Ezekiel Cashing, Enoch Freeman, Edward Mil- 
liken, Jonas Mason, Stephen Longfellow. 
1701.— William Simonton, William Livermorc, Daniel Farnham. 
1762. — Jeremiah Powell, William Woodside. Solomon Lombard. 
1763.— Alexander Ross. 

1764. — David Mitchell, William Sylvester, William Tompson. 
1765-67. — The above named without any additional members a[ipear 

upon the bench. 
1768.— Daniel Epes, Theophilus Bradbury, William Tyng. 
1769-72.— All the above, with the addition of Moses Pearson. 
1773.— David Wyer, Richard King. 
1774.— W^illiam Gorham. 
1775. — Samuel Freeman, John Lewis, Joshua Fabyan, Peter Noyes, 

David Strout, Enoch Moody. 
1776. — Ephraim Jones, Isaac Parsons, Nathaniel Purrington. 
1777. — Jedediah Preble, Aaron Hinckley. Nathaniel Jones, Clement 

Jordan. 
1778.- Edward Russell. 

1779. — AVo find the bench occupied by most of those above named. 
17S0-S3.— Joseph McLellan, Richard Codman, John Waite. Edmund 

Phiuney, Samuel Small. 
1784.— John Doane, Robert Southgate, George Pcircc. 
1785.— Josiah Thatcher. 
1786.— John Frothingham, Samuel Merritt. 
1787. — Daniel Davis, Benjamin Dunning. 
1788-90.- Stephen Hall, David Mitchell, Joseph Noyes, William 

Widgery, Nathaniel Larrabeo, Tchabod Bonncy, Isaac Snow. 
1791. — .Samuel Calef, John Cashing, Joseph Hooper. 
1792-93.— John Peterson, Paul Little, Samuel Merrill. 
1794. — .Andrew Dunning, Enoch Perley. 

1795.— George Lewis, John Turner, William Martin. I'c-tcr T. Smith. 
1796-98.— John Greenwood, Samuel P. Kussull, Pelcg Chahdicr, Jr., 

Samuel Russell. 
1798— Most of the above, with the addition of Ammi R. .Mitchell, 

Stephen Purrington, Benj. Dunning, Elisha AVilliams. 
1799. — The same names appear as before. 
1800.— .Michael Little, Pelatiah March, Daniel SU)well, Gustavua 



COUNTY CIVIL AND JUDICIAL LIST. 



135 



Adolphus Goss, ArclK-luiis Lewis, Samuel Paris, Kbcnezer 
Thrasher, Cyrus Hamblen, Luther Cary. 

1801.— Nathaniel C. Allen, .-^auiuel Davis, .Moses Merrill, .Tonah 
Feirce, Woodbury Storcv, Osgood Carleton, William Martin, 
Ebenezer Mayo. 

IS02.— The same, with the addition of Samuel Farnswcirth, Lothrop 
Lewis, Josiah Burnaiu, Jesse Rice. 

1803-4. — Caleb Prentiss, Thomas Thomas, James Prince, Arvida 
Ilayford. 

1805. — Moses Merritt, Audrew R. Geddings, Theodore Mussey, John 
Frothingham, Timothy Pike, Joseph Foxcroft, Charles Cof- 
fin, John Perry, Joseph C. Boyd, Jacob Mitchell. 

1807. — A full bench of the above-named, with the additional name of 
James Paine. 

Tlie presiding justices of this court were the following: 

John Minot, 17fiO-fi2: Jeremiah l>owell, ITe.'i-TT ; Jedediah Preble, 
1777-711: Euoidi Freeman, 1779-89; David Mitchell, 1789-91; 
William (iorhiim, 1791-92; David Mitchell, I792-1S0S. 

CHIEF JUSTICES OF THE COURT OF SESSIONS. 
Isaac Parsons, 1808-10; Stephen Longfellow, 1810-11; Isaac Par- 
sons, 1811-12; Benjamin Greene, 1814-20 ; Ammi R.Mitchell, 
1820-21; Woodbury .«torer, 1821-25; Isaac Adams, 1825-26; 
Edward Little, 1826-28 ; Asoph Howard, 1828-30. 

ASSOCIATE .lUSTICES OF THE COURT OF SESSIONS. 
Joseph Fo.\croft, William Hasty, 1808-10; Robert Southgate, John 
Frothingham, 1810-11 ; Theodore Mussey, Joseph V. Boyd, Wil- 
liam Hasty, 1811-12; Theodore Mussey, William Hasty, Jona- 
than Stone, Woodbury Storer, 1812-U; Judah Dana, William 
Widgery, Ammi R. Mitchell, Lothrop Lewis, 1814-20: Peleg 
Chandler, Woodbury Storer, Phinchas Ingalls, 1820-21 : Peleg 
Chandler, Phinehas Ingalls, William Hasty, ,Secumb Jordan, 
1821-25; Phineas Ingalls, Asaph Howanl, 1825-28; As.aph 
Howard, James Irish, 1828-30. 



1 831.. 
1832.. 
1833.- 
1834.. 
1835. 
1836. 
1837.. 

1838.. 
1839.. 
IS40. 
1841.. 

1842.- 
1843.. 
1844.. 



1846.- 
1847.- 
1848.- 
1849.- 

1850.- 

1851.- 

1852.- 

1853.- 
1864.- 
1855.- 



COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 

-Philip Eastman, Chairman, Charles Fo.\, Edmund Mann. 

-Philip Eastman, Chairman, Charles Fox, Edmund Mann. 

-Philip Eastman, Chairman, Charles Fox, Edmund Mann. 

-Philip Eastman, Chairman, Charles Fox, John Andrews. 

-Philip Eastman, Chairman, Edmund Mann, Stephen Webb. 

-Philip Eastman, Chairman, John Andrews, Stephen Webb. 

-John Andrews, Chairman (June term), Stej)hen Webb, Chair- 
man (December term), Meshach Humphrey. 

-John McKeen, Chairman, Solomon Andrews, Thomas B. Little. 

-Stephen Webb, Jr., Chairman, John Andrews, Joseph Cross. 

-Stephen Webb, Jr., Chairman, John Andrews, Joseph Cross. 

-Thomas B. Little, Chairman, Joseph S. Jewett, Robert U. 
Kendall. 

-Joseph Cross, Chairman, Charles Hannaford, Lemuel Rich. 

-Charles Hannaford, Chairman, Richard Greenleaf, Ezra Tobie. 

-Charles Hannaford, Chairman, Richard Greenleaf, Lemuel 
Rich. 

-Charles Hannaford, Chairman, Richard Greenlciif, Lemuel 
Rich. 

-Lemuel Rich, Chairman, Richard Greenleaf, Daniel Merrill. 

-Richard Greenleaf, Chairman, Daniel Merrill, Daniel M. Cook. 

-Dan'l Merrill, Chairman, Dan'l M. Cook, Abiezer S. Freeman. 

-Daniel M. Cook, Chairman, Abiezer S. Freeman, Stephen L. 
Waterhouse. 

-Daniel M. Cook, Chairman, Stephe 



L. Waterhouse, Richard 



Dr. 



Chair 



•d Dr 



rd Dr 



-Stephen L. Waterho 

Andrews. 
-Stephen L. Waterhou.se, Chai 

Andrews. 
-Lemuel Andrews, Chairman, Seth Storer, Thomas B. Little. 
-Seth Storer, Chairman, William Paine, Ebenezer Wells. 
-William Paine, Chairman, Seth Storer, Anson Jordon. 
-Anson Jordiin. Chairman, William Paine, Samuel Thing. 
-Anson J.ir.lau, Chairman, .Samuel Thing, George Libliy. 



1858.. 
1859.- 
1860.- 
1861.- 
1862.- 
1863.- 

1864.- 
1.S65.- 

1866.- 
1867.- 



1870.- 
1871.. 
1872.- 



1875.. 
1876.. 
1877.- 
1878.- 
1879. 



-Samuel Thing, Chairman, George Libby, Ellery H. StarbirJ. 
-Ellery H. Starbird, Chairman, George Libby, Charles C. Cobb. 
-Ellery H. Starbird, Chairman, Chas. C. Cobb, Jere. Parker. 
-Chas. C. Cobb, Chairman, Jere. Parker, Nieh. L. Humphrey. 
-Jere. Parker, Chairman, Nich. L. Humphrey, E. C. Andrews. 
-Nicholas L. Humphrey, Chairman, E. C. Andrews, Reuben 

Higgins. 
-E. C. Andrews, Chairman, Reuben Higgins, Chas. Humphrey. 
-Reuben Higgins, Chairman, Chas. Ilumphrcv, Caleb A. 

Chaplin. 
-Chas. Humphrey, Chairman, Caleb A. Chaplin, James Pcnnell. 
-Caleb A. Chaplin, Chairman, James Penncll, Miltimore Watts. 
-James Penncll, Chairman, Miltimore Watts, Oliver D. Dike. 
-Miltimore Watts, Chairman, Oliver D. Dike, Seward M.Baker. 
-Oliver D. Dike, Chairman, Seward M. Baker, Wm. B. Skillin. 
-Seward M. Baker. Chairman, Wm. IJ. Skillin, Oliver D. Dike. 
-Wm. B. Skillin, Chairman, Geo. E. Ohadhourne, Smith Barber. 
-George E. Chadbourne, Chairman, Smith Barber, Edwin C. 

Townsend. 
-Smith Barber, Chairman, Edwin C. Townsend, William Small. 
-Edwin C. Townsend, Chairman, Wm. Small, Samuel Dingley. 
-William Small, Chairman, Samuel Dingley, Solomon Stewart. 
-Samuel Dingley, Chairman, Solomon Stewart, John L. Swift. 
-Solomon Stewart, Chairman, Jcdin L. Swift, Jacob Clark. 
-John L. Swift, Chairman, Jacob Clark, Lcander E. Cram. 



COUNTY ATTORNEYS. 

In 17til, William Livermore was appointed hy tlie Court 
of General Sessions of the Peace " King's Attorney for 
tlio term." He held the office by successive appointments 
till 17(55, in which yearTiieophilus Bradbury was appointed. 
Mr. Bradbury hold the office two years, lacking one teru), 
and was succeeded by David Wyer, till 1771. Theophilus 
Bradbury was then appointed, and served through 1771, 
and was .succeeded by David Wycr in 1772. Mr. Brad- 
bury served again in 177S, and David Wycr in 1774—75. 
In 177G, Theophilus Bradbury was appointed ''States 
Attorney," and held till 1780. In the latter year John 
Frothingliam was appointed, and continued to officiate till 
the appointment of Daniel Davis, in 1783. Mr. Davis 
held the office till 1788, and was superseded one year by 
Mr. Frothingham, when he was re-appointed and continued 
till 1792. William Symmes received the appointment in 
1792, and continued till 1799, when Salmon Chase was 
appointed attorney. Mr. Chase .served till 1801, and was 
succeeded by Isaac Parker from 1801 to 1803, when James 
D. Hopkins was appointed, and continued till the close of 
this form of the court in 1808. 

COl'XTV .\TTOI(XEVS SINCE 1S08. 

Daniel Lincoln, 1808 ; Augustus Haines, 1836—46 ; Horatio J. Swoscy, 
1846-53; Henry P. Deane, 1853-56; Sam'l J. Amirews, 1856-59; 
Edw.T,rd Fox, 1859-60; Moses M. Butler, I860: Edward W. Fox, 
1873; Charles F. Libby, 1873-77; Moses M. Butler, 1877-79: 
Thomas L. Talbot, 1879. 

CLERKS OP COURTS. 
Stephen Longfellow, 1760-73; Samuel Freeman. 1775-lSIl; Joseph 
C. Boyd. 1811-12; Samuel Freeman, 1812-20; William T. 
Vaughan, 1820-36; Charles Cobb, 1836-38; Charles Fox, 1838-39 ; 
Charles Cobb, 1839-41; Charles Fox, 1841-42; Charles Cobb, 
1842-40; Charles C. Harmon, pn, leiii., 1846-48; Charles C. 
Harmon, 1848-54: Robert A. Bird, 1854-55; Obadiah G. Cook, 
1855-61; D. W. Fesscnden, 1801-76; Frcilerick J. Little6eld,* 
1876-77; D. W. Fessendcn, 1877-79; Alban A. Dennett, 1879. 

SHERIFFS. 

Moses Pearson, 1760-68: William Tyng, 1768-75; John Wailo, 
177..-IS09; liiehard Hunnewell, 1809-11: Joseph Foxerolt. 

» Died Mav. Is;s. 



136 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



1811-12 ; Richard Hunnewdl, 1812-21 ; Joseph E. Foxoroft, 
1821-29; Noah Hinkley, 1829-31; Jusiah Dunn, IS3I-38; Jo- 
seph Smith, 1838-39; J..hn C. Huniphioys, 18,39-41; Joseph 
Smith, 1811-12; Nathan I,. Woodbury, 1842-45; Wendell P. 
Smith, 1845-64 : Seward AI. liakcr, 1854-66; Daniel C. Umery, 
1850-57; Henry Penliell, :857-61; Thomas Pennell, 1861-05; 
George W. Parker, 1865-69 ; Eben M. Perry, 1869-73; William 
L. Pennell, 1873-77 ; William 11. Dresser, 1877. 

COUNTY TREASURER.S. 
James .Milk, 1760-73; Kphraim Jones, 1773-76; Enoch Moody, 
1776-77; Joseph McLcllan, 1777-1803; Horatio Southgate, 
180.3-4; Elias Merrill. 1804-24; Mark Harris, 1824-32 ; Thomas 
Todd. 1832-34 ; Mark Harris, 1834-40; Royal liincoln, 1840-41 ; 
Charles B. Smith, 1841-42; John W. Smith, 1842-48; Henry C. 
Babb, 1848-53; David Dunn, 1853-56 ; Thos. Johnson, 1856-57 ; 
John A. Waterman, 1857-58; Joseph Libby, 1858-60; Isaac F. 
Quinhy, 1860-63 ; Thos. Mead, 186.3-65 ; Peter R. Hall, 1865-69 ; 
Thomas Pennell, 1SI19-75: R. G. Harding, 1875-77; Lewis 
McLollan, 1877. 

PROBATE COURT. 

Till' fnlluwiiig is a list of the judges and registers, with 
the ye;us in which tliey pertbrnied their duties : 



.Samuel Waldo, 1700-71 ; Enoch Freeman, 1771-82 ; William Gorham, 
1782-1805; Samuel Freeman, 1805-20; Albion K. Parris, 1820- 
23; Barrett Potter, 1823-47; Josiah Pierce, 1847-57; William 
G. Barrows,* 1857-63; John A. Waterman, 1863-76; Nathan 
Cleaves, 1876-SO. 

ItKCISTKUS OF I'KOBATE. 

J. Stockbridge, 1700-62; Stephen Longfellow, 1762-75; Samuel Free- 
man, 1775-18(14 ; John Frothingham, 1804-15; Horatio South- 
gate, 1815-30 ; N. G. Jewett, 1836-38 ; Alvah Sweetsir, 1838-39 ; 
John L. Meguire, 1839-40; .John Appleton, 1840-41; Alvah 
Sweetsir, 1841-42; John Appleton, 1842-45; C. C. Tobie, 1845- 
49; Freeman Bradford, 1849-53; Aaron B. Holden, 1853-54; 
Charles Harris, 1854-55; Aaron B. Holden, 1856-60; Eugene 
Humphrey, 1860-66; Aaron B. Holdon, 1866-68; Edward R. 
Staples, 1808-72; William K. Neal, 1872-76: Horace J.Brad- 
bury, 1876-80. 



CHAPTER XX Y. 

EARLY MILITARY HISTORY. 

Fort Loyal— Colonial Militia— War of 1812-14— Later Militia Organ- 
izations — State Militia to the War of the Rebellion. 

Fort Loyal was erected at Falmouth, on the point at 
the foot of King Street, in 1679. Upon the resettlement 
of the place after the first Indian war, it became an object 
of deep interest with the inhabitants, in which the govern- 
ment strongly sympathized, to provide for the future safety 
of the settlement. It was in some degree a frontier post, 
and the safety of all the plantations in the province de- 
pended upon its preservation. Therefore the General 
Assembly in 1681 made application to the General Court 
of Ma.ssacliusetts to make further provision for its security. 
In answer to this jietition the court granted that, in case of 
a defensive war, the whole revenue accruing to the chief 
proprietor should he appropriated for the safety of the in- 
habitants, and that the annu:il revenue arising from trade 
with the Indians should be applied to the maintenance of 
Fort Loyal ; the appointment of the captain, as well as the 

* Resigni'il Mareli 27. 1803, to nccopi a place on the bench of the 
Supreme Judicial Court uf the State. 



Other militia, being still reserved, as the charter appoints, in 
the power of the chief proprietor. It was further ordered 
that the arrearages of the captiiin and garrison at Fort 
Loyal be forthwith pa.ssed by tiie President to the treasurer 
for payment. Tiiis order was laid before the council of the 
province, who authorized the treasurer, Captain Hooke, of 
Saco, to pay Capt. Tyng his salary as commander of Fort 
Loyal, at the rate of si.xty pounds per annum for himself 
and servant, till May following, and to furnish necessary 
supplies for the garrison. They also ordered six men to be 
raised for tlie present supply of the garrison, — two from 
Kittery, one from each of the towns of York, Wells, and 
Falmouth, and one from Saco, Scarborough, and Cape Por- 
poise. In pursuance of the grant of revenue arising from 
the Indian trade, Walter Gendall, the Indian agent, was 
called upon to pay to the treasurer '■ twenty pounds, or as 
much as he has.'' 

The whole garrison in 1681 consisted of thirteen men, 
part of whom were supported by Massachusetts. The 
General Court this year appointed a committee, consisting 
of Maj. Pinehon, Maj. Savage, and Mr. Newell, together 
with " some of the brethren of the department," to inquire 
concerning the present condition of the province of Maine 
and the settlement of Fort Loyal, and to consider what was 
further necessary to be done for the maintenance thereof, 
and report the same to the court in the afternoon. f 

In 1682, for the further support of Fort Loyal, a tax was 
levied upon all the saw-mills of the province, aud an agree- 
ment was made with Lieut. Brackett to keep the fort for 
one year ensuing from the 24th of May, 1682, for one 
hundred and sixty pounds. An inventory of the saw-mills 
of JIaine at that time, with the tax levied upon them, 
showed the following : 



WKI.LS MILLS. 

Lieut. Littletield"s £4 

Joseph Littlelield's 2 

William Frost's 1 

Mousam Mill 6 

Kenncbunk Mill .'.... 4 

£17 

CAI'E rORI'OlSK. 

Mary Sayward's £5 , Phanea Hull's £2 

Cape Nuttacke 1 10». j Gilbert Endio. .It's 1 



MILLS \T KITTKUV. 

Mr. Hutchinson £10 

Salmon Falls Mills 10 

Humphrey Chadbourne's 4 
Major Sha]>leigh's 1 10/<. 

£25 10«. 



YORK MILLS 



*.\<M1 MILLS. 



Mr. Blackman's £4 

Thomas Doughty's 5 



SainucI Webber's £2 10». 

Walter Gendall's 6 



Mr. Blackman's Mill., 



IILACK I'UIN 



i.th.'r sa 



.£1 



ills to pay those rcntsj as 



*' A new addition of 
follows ; 

Caseo Mills, Capl. Silvanus Davis, mill-rent £4 

Cape Porpoise Mill, John Barrett's. 4ll». ; John Baslon's, Sfls. 3 10». 

Wells, Jonathan Hammond's and William Frost's Mills 4 

York. John Sayward's Mill, 20, 1 

Kittery Spruce Mill, John Shaplcigh's 4 

Quamphogan Mill, in Thomas Holmes' hands 6 

£22 10.. 
Total J:93 

t General Court files, May 31, 1681. 

J The basis adoptel for I'i'.s t.iM was Ihi- prive of boiuds at 30.. per 
lOUO leit. 



EARLY MILITARY HISTORY. 



137 



In 1684 tlie General Assembly appointed Capt. Joshua 
Scottow (of Black Point), Capt. Edward Tynp;, Mr. Natlian- 
iel Fryer, Capt. Silvanus Davis, and Mr. Walter Gendall, 
" to take care of the repairing and wull-orderina: of Fort 
Luyal in Falmouth, and settle a chief officer there." The 
next 3'ear they ordered that the fort be appointed a prison 
or jail to the four associate towns," — meaning Saco, Scar- 
borough, Falmouth, and North Y^'armouth, — instructing 
the justices in the several towns to " direct their mitti- 
nuisses to the keeper of his majesty's jail at Fort Loyal," 
and also ordering a committee to appoint a keeper, and 
providing for the payment of charges out of tiie common 
treasury. 

In 1722, thirty men were stationed at Falmouth and 
twenty at North Y'^armouth. A committee of the House 
this year reported that there was great laxity in the dis- 
cipline of the troops, that they were addicted to intemper- 
ance, and that the officers were remiss in their duty. They 
say, " We walked through the town of Falmouth twice in 
one night without being hailed, though there were several 
military companies in the place." 

Major Moody, who commanded at Falmouth, petitioned 
for liberty to answer before the General Court in December, 
1722, certain complaints made against him, and warrants 
were issued to summon witnesses " touching the manage- 
ment of Major Moody and his company." 

In the Council the following questions were put to the 
members, and the subjoined answers given : " Whether the 
complaint against Major Moody for indulging his soldiers 
in excessive drinking be proved ? Answer : No. Whether 
he denied assistance to the inhabitants unrea.sonably when 
demanded? No. Whether it was proved that the watch 
was not duly kept at the garrison in the night season, and 
at some seasons when he was home? Yes. Whether 
Major Moody be to blame for the watch not being kept 
when he was at home ? Yes. Whether it was proved that 
Major Moody unreasonably drew off his men from Top- 
sham ? No." 

The Council voted that the Governor reprimand him 
about the watch, and request him to be more careful. In 
the House all the above questions were answered in the 
affirmative, except the last ; and the following additional 
one also received an affirmative reply: " Whether he unrea- 
sonably denied Lieut. Hilton the whale-boat, to go in quest 
of the Indians?" 

In April, 1742, in anticipation of the war which soon 
broke out, the government repaired and enlarged Fort 
Loyal, adding a breastwork and platform of ten twelve- 
pounders, for the defense of the harbor of Falmouth, and 
appropriating four hundred pounds to pay expense, the 
labor and stores being furnished by the town. The breast- 
work was constructed under the direction of Enoch Free- 
man, who, in 1744, received a commission from Governor 
Shirley, and had command of the post. 

Fort Loyal was for some time neglected and dismantled, 
but during the French war, in 1755, it was placed in a con- 
dition for defen,se. 

COLON [.\L MILITIA. 

It appears from an estiimte presented to the committee 
of the colonies in England, in 1675, that the militia in 

18 



Maine, including Sagadahoc, amounted to seven hundred, 
of whom eighty were in Casco Bay, eighty in Sagadahoc, 
one hundred at Black Point, one hundred at Saco and 
Winter Harbor, eighty at Wells and Cape Porpoi.sc, eighty 
in York, and one hundred and eighty in Kittery. The 
Indians never had so large a number of fighting men, and 
yet they entirely destroyed most, and for three years har- 
assed the remainder, of the .settlements in the province. 

We find no record of the first militia organization which 
served in the Indian war of 1675, but we find the daily 
pay of the militia as follows: general, Us.; captain, 5s.; 
commissary-general, 4s. ; surgeon-general, 4s. ; lieutenant, 
4s. ; ensign, 4s. ; sergeant, 2s. 6^. ; corporal, 2s. ; private, 
Is. 6(/. Indian corn was from 2s. 6d. to 3s. a bushel, and 
a cow worth 45x. Provision for raising and paying troops 
was made in some instances by the proprietors of towns, 
with the approval and sanction of the Governor. 

A " foot company" existed in Falmouth at this time, the 
organization of which we arc unable to give, but we find 
this minute: " 168.3, the General Assembly of the province, 
on the petition of Hcrjry Harwood, di.scliarged him from 
the foot company in Falmouth, and emj}owcrud Capt. An- 
thony Brackett to take charge of it. ' 

During the Revolution, and while the notes of preparation 
for it were yet sounding, troops began to be mustered in 
this quarter. In October, 1774, Jedediah Preble, of Fal- 
mouth, Artemas Ward, and Col. Pomeroy were appointed 
general officers of the provincial forces, the chief command 
of which was offered to Gen. Preble, who declined it on 
account of his health and advancing age, and it was bestowed 
upon Gen. Ward. On the arrival of the news of the battle 
of Lexington a company of soldiers was sent from Falmouth 
to the assistance of the people of Boston ; Minute-men were 
organized and daily drilled upon the Neck ; powder and 
munitions of war were purchased by vote of the town. 
Col. Thompson, of Brunswick, and Col. Phinney, of Gor- 
ham, were on the march with their respective forces, and 
Falmouth was the scene of wild confusion over the relciise 
of Mowatt, whom the military were anxious to retain and 
punish. Jlilitia from Gorham, Scarborough, Cape Eliza- 
beth, and Stroudwater poured into the town to the number 
of six hundred. The town was placed under military gov- 
ernment and the officers resolved themselves into a board 
of war. They proceeded to call before them persons sus- 
pected of Tory sentiments, and to exact of them conformity 
to the popular will. The only shot which appears to have 
been fired by this military array was that of a double-loaded 
musket at the side of the ■' Canceau," as she lay in the 
harbor, designed to menace the Tories, ]\Iowatt and Wis- 
wall, who had there taken refuge. 

About this time Col. Phinney organized a regiment in 
Falmouth, commissions having been granted by the Provin- 
cial Congress in April, 1775, and confirmed by the Conti- 
nental Congress on the 1st of July. Two companies, com- 
manded by Capts. Bradish and Brackett, were raised on the 
Neck, and joined the regiment. We cannot give the muster- 
roll of Capt. Bracket's company, but that of Capt. Bradish 

is as follows : 

Entitled April 24, 1774. 
DaviJ Bradish, Falmouth, Capt. Paul Ellis, 2d Lieut, 
liarlholouicw York, 1st Lieut. 



138 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



William Fariinglon, 1st Seigt. 
Cnlob Carter, 2d Seigl. 
Levi Merrill, 3d Scrgt. 
Abner Dow, 4th Sorgt. 
Uciiry Sewall, 1st Corp. 
Isaac Child, 2d Corp. 
Daniel Musse.v, .'id Corp. 
Ilichard Gooding, 4th Corp. 
Benjamin Tiikcy, private. 
Benjamin Seollay, " 

Daniel Oookin, " 

Cornelius Branihall, 
Abtjiih Parker, " 

Abijah I'onl, 
Zaehariali J^ioweU, ** 

Wm. lluteliin.^on, *' 

Jaeub Amey. 
Mo.^ea Grant, 
Charles Knight, 
Matthias Uaynes, " 

Enoch Moody, " 

Wm. Moody, . " 

Lemuel Gooding, 
Moses Hurdiek, 
Ebenczer Clough, 
John I'ettingill, 
Jaines McManners, ** 
Jona. Gardner, " 

John Clough, " 



j1%12, 1774. 

Thomas I'aine, private. 

Ebenczer Newman, " 

Daniel Green, " 

Joshua Robinson, " 

Jo.seph Barbour, " 

Josiah Shaw, " 
Jo.«hua liorry, 

.'Samuel Dow, " 
Tobias I'ilbbury, 

Thomas Cavanah, " 

Loring Gushing, " 

Zaehariah Baker, " 

Daniel Marston, " 

Henry Flood, " 

James Flood, " 

Joseph Thomcs, " 

Samuel Cales, " 

John M'Intosh, " 
' John Bailey, 
Philip Fowler, 

Joseph Co.\, " 

George Bell, " 

John Penniman, " 

John Seott, " 

Benjamin Randel, " 

lUehard Conden, *' 
Jona. Rand, Drum-Major. 
Joseph lleiirsay. Drum Fifer 



Tills company and that of Capt. Brackett joined t'ne 
Continental avniy at Caiiibridge about the middle of July. 
Rradish was a most excellent officer, and .served till the close 
of the war. He was commi.ssioned major in Col. Timothy 
Bigelow's regiment, Jan. 1, 1777; died in 1818. Three 
companies were raised in Falmouth, Scarborough, and Cape 
Elizabeth. 

An expedition preceding that of Arnold, by way of the 
Kennebec River to Quebec, was undertaken in May, 1775, 
by order of the selectmen of Falmouth, who sent Jabcz 
IMathewa and David Dinsmore, of New Gloucester, to as- 
certain if there were any hostile movements from tliat city 
upon the back settlements of the province. Mr. Mathews 
returned in June, and made his report to the Provincial 
Congress that there were no movements in that direction. 
These men were, no doubt, the pioneers of the route taken 
by tlie famous expedition of Benedict Arnold, in September 
following. It will be recollected that this officer, then a 
colonel in the service of the American colonies, was desig- 
nated by Washington to the command of a select corps de- 
tached from the army at Cambridge, which, by penetrating 
tlie wilds of the Kennebec, was destined to co-operate with 
other forces, ordered to enter Upper Canada by the lakes, 
and by the capture of Quebec to finish the campaign. 

From Brunswick, the following were in Capt. James 
Curtis' company, chiefly tlirec months' men, cnlLsted from 
June 1 to July 25, 1775: James Curtis, captain ; William 
Stanwood, John Hunt, Nathan Coombs, corporals; Benoni 
Austin, Daniel Brown, Benjamin Coombs, Fields Coombs, 
Hczckiah Coombs, John Duncan, James Dunning, John 
Dunning, Tobias Ham, Isaac Hinkley, John Jones, Benja- 
min Ridcout, Samuel Ripley, William Spear, Richard 
Thompson, John Walker (drummer), Ebenczer Woodward, 
Samuel Woodward, Jonathan Young. 

In Capt. Natlianiel Larrabec's company, for six and 



seven montlis, mustered July 11th and 10th : George Fields 
Coombs, Benjamin Ridcout. jirivatcs. 

In Capt. William Lithgow's company, enlisted March 
13 to Feb. 19, 1776: William Stanwood, sergeant; Hugli 
Malloy, corporal, promoted to sergeant ; Benoni Austin, 
Fields Coombs, James and John Dunning, John Given, 
Ephiaim Graffam, John Hunt, John Jones, Benjamin 
Hideout, William Spear, Ebenczer Woodward, privates. 

In Capt. George White's company, 1777 : William Stan- 
wood, first lieutenant; Benoni Austin, John Corni.sh, John 
Given, John Grows, John Hunt, Joseph Lawrence, Wil- 
liam McGill, Hugh Malloy, Joseph Melclier, Jonatlian 
Osburn, Francis Ryan, Samuel Starbird, privates. 

In Capt. Coombs' company. Col. Mitchell's regiment, 
for nine months, from the time of tlieir arrival at Fishkill, 
on the Hudson, 1778: Benjamin Gctchell, Abraluun Ridc- 
out,* Stephen Hideout, Joseph Woodward. 

In unknown companies: Hugh Dulap, Robert Dunning, 
Ephraim Hunt, Hinkley, Benjamin Larrabee, cap- 
tains; Samuel Tiiompson, captain; promoted to colonel; 

promoted to brigadier-general; Howe, major; Thomas 

Thompson, ensign ; William Alexander, Jei'e. Alden, Oliver 
Bisbee ; Robert Given, lieutenant, 7th Massachusetts; 
Michael Grouse, Jeremiah Moulton, William Skofield, 
William Storer. 

The " Portland Federal Volunteers " were organized Sept. 
10, 1798, in view of the trouble anticipated with England, 
which ripened into the war of 1812. The company con- 
sisted of " one captain, one lieutenant, one ensign, two ser- 
geants, four corporals, two musicians, and sixty privates, 
whose object shall be to defend the just cause of their 
country, whenever called upon by the President of the 
United States, agreeably to the 3d and 4tli sections of the 
act of Congress passed the 20th day of May, 1798. "f 
Joseph Coffin Boyd was chosen captain ; Ezekiel Day, 
lieutenant ; Richard Wiggins, ensign. A beautiful stand- 
ard, wreathed with flowers, and bearing the motto, " Defend 
the Laws," was presented to the company by the ladies 
of Portland, July 4, 1799. The company was commis- 
sioned by President Adams, Oct. 19, 1798, and accepted 
for two years. Desiring to continue a military organization, 
the members of the company met on the ISth of September, 
1800, and formed themselves into the Portland Infantry, 
with Joseph Coffin Boyd, captain ; Ezekiel Day, first 
lieutenant; and William Hudson, .second lieutenant. 

This organization was changed into the " Portland Light 
Infantry," Nov. 4, 1802, an organization which, through 
all the changes, has continued to exist to the present time. 
The company was off'ercd to " His Excellency, Caleb Strong, 
Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts," in a 
letter dated Portland, Nov. 5, 1802, signed by Charles 
Fox, William Jenks, Jr., John Coc, Edward Capon, and 
John Woodman, committee. Accompanying which was 
a commendatory certificate signed by the selectmen of Port- 



* Also served four years and three months. Enlisted from Bruns- 
wiek in Capt. Daniel Merrill's company. Col. Brewer's regiment, st 
While Plains, N. Y. Served also in Capt. Bullock's Company, under 
Greene, and wa.s discharged at West Point in 17S2. Alter the war 
he removed to Kennebunkport, wlicre lie was living in 1S;!7. 

I Recorils of the oonipany. 



EARLY MILITARY HISTORY. 



139 



land, by Hon. Peleg WaJsworth, then motubei- of Congress, 
Lemuel Weeks, major of aitiilery, Hugh McLellan, major 
of First Cumberland Regiment, Thatcher Goddard, and 
Woodbury Storcr, who say that •' the said company have 
supported and deserved a good character, and that, their 
knowledge in military discipline and iriilitary ardor reflect 
honor on themselves and their country." 

In 1788 the First Regiment of the First Brigade and 
Fourth Division of the Ma.ssachusetts Militia mustered 
for the first time where the Bath Hotel, in Bath, now 
stands. John Lemont, of Bath, was colonel, and John 
Reed, of Topsham, lieutenant-colonel of this regiment. 

On the 2i3th of July, 1794, the town of Brunswick 
voted to give each man that should enlist and efjuip him- 
self as instructed by the commander-in-chief ".so much as will 
make up, with what the United States give, ten dollars per 
month from the time he marches till he shall be discharged." 
It was also voted to pay each man that passed muster four 
dollars as a bounty. This call for troops was occasioned by 
Indian hostilities in the West. 

The " Brunswick Light Infantry" was organized in May, 
ISO-l. Its officers were Thomas S. Estabrook, captain; 
Caleb Cushing, first lieutenant; and Robert D. Dunning, 
second lieutenant. The records of the company have not 
been found, and consequently but little is known of their 
doings. In 1825, Saturday, June 25, La Fayette made his 
visit to Portland, and this company, under the command of 
Capt. John A. Dunning, attended to a.ssist in escort duty, 
and were received by the Portland Rifle Company. They 
celebrated their thirty-eighth anniversary on the 17th of 
June, 1842. Shortly after this time this company became 
disorganized, but on July 21, 1854, it was reorganized un- 
der the title of " D Company Light Infantry," and the 
following officers were chosen at that time: John A. 
Cleaveland, captain ; Andrew T. Campbell, first lieutenant; 
Charles Pettingill, second lieutenant ; John H. Humphreys, 
third lieutenant; and John P. Owen, fourth lieutenant. 
This company turned out June 27, 1855, for target prac- 
tice, and William R. Field, Jr., got the prize for being the 
best marksman. The prize was a silver cup. The com- 
pany had its first annual parade and inspection on the 30th 
of May preceding. In September of the next year, 1856, 
the company attended muster in Bath, and about Aug. 7, 
1857, it disbanded. 

The Brunswick and Topsham Rifle Company was or- 
ganizud in 1821. No records have been preserved of this 
company, and nothing is known of its doings. A. B. 
Thompson was the first captain. 

In 1806-7 three other infantry companies and an ar- 
tillery company were formed. One of these infantry com- 
panies was commanded by Capt. Joseph Dusten, and had 
its headquarters at Maquoit. The village company was 
under command of Capt. Richard T. Dunlap. The New 
iMeadows company was commanded by Capt. Peter Jordan, 
who died in Jlay, 1876, the last surviving member of the 
company. Early in 1807, Samuel Page and others peti- 
tioned the proper authorities for the organization of an ar- 
tillery company. In compliance with the wish expressed 
in this petition, a brigaile order was issued, directing the 
proper steps to be taken for the accomplishment of this ob- 



ject, and Mr. Lemuel Swift was directed " to raise a com- 
pany of artillery out of the foot companies of the town of 
Brunswick, by voluntary enlistment." The company was 
at once organized, and Peter 0. Alden was chosen as its 
first captain. He is said to have procured the first bass- 
drum ever brought to town. This company had two six- 
pounder brass guns in its gun-house on Centre Street. 

In addition to the above companies there was a cavalry 
company, of which a few members belonged in Brunswick 
and Topsham, and others in Lisbon and Durham. Capt. 
Jack, of Litchfield, was the commanding officer, and a Mr. 
Baker, of Topsham, was the lieutenant. 

There were, about 1812, two infantry companies in 
Harpswell, which were organized about 1776. The Harps- 
well Neck company was commanded, in 1812, by Capt. 
David John.son, and Peleg Curtis was the lieutenant. The 
Harpswell Island company was commanded by Capt. Stephen 
Snow, and Paul Snow was the lieutenant. In 1832, Isaiah 
S. Trufant was chosen captain of the island company, in 
place of John M. Purinton, and Hunij)hrey Snow ensign, 
in place of Eli Hodgdon. 

In 1835 the selectmen defined the limits of the com- 
panies of militia as follows: the limits of Capt. Hudson 
Merryman's company were all that part of Great Island 
northwest of a line drawn from Long Reach to Strawberry 
Creek, together with Orr's, Bailey's, Haskell's, Flag, Whale- 
boat, and Birch Lslands, and the Neck. The limits of 
Capt. John M. Purinton's company were all that part of 
Great Island southeast of a line drawn from Long Reach 
to Strawberry Creek. 

In 1836, Simeon Stover (2d) commanded the fir.st- 
mentioned, and Lsaiah Trufant the last-named company. 

The Portland Rifle Company was organized on the 16th 
of April, 1810. A. W. Atherton was elected captain, 
Henry Smith lieutenant, and John Watson ensign. The 
original roll of the company, with additional names up to 
1814, is in the possession of Capt. Frederic Forsyth, who 
was captain of the company in 1860, previous to the late 
war. This company in its day was considered one of the 
finest military organizations in New England. In 1836-38, 
John D. Kinsman was captain ; in 1840, Lincoln Radford ; 
in 1854, Josiah Pierce, Jr. ; later, L. De M. Swett, E. M. 
Patten, and I'rederic Forsyth. In 1825 the company acted 
with the Brunswick Infantry as the escort to La Fayette 
during his visit to Portland. It was also the body-guard 
and escort of the Prince of Wales while in Portland in 
1860. It was disbanded in 1860, and its records have been 
taken to California. 

The Mechanic Volunteers of Brunswick was organized 
in 1836. Who the first officers were is unknown. In 1843, 
John A. Cleaveland was elected captain, George S. Elliot 
lieutenant, and William K. Melcher ensign. 

During the war of 1812 three hundred and twenty men 
from Brunswick served for a short period at Bath. There 
were one or two British vessels there, and soldiei-s from 
them u.sed to land and commit depredations until Gen. 
King called out the militia. A fort was built in Harpswell, 
at this time, commanding the entrance to New Meadows 
River. Cai)t. Johnson had a company in Harpswell, who 
guarded Bailey's Island and prevented the British from 



140 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUiNTY, MAINE. 



takiiit!; away a coasting-sloop. During the latter part of the 
war tlie alarm was spread, on a Sunday morning in Port- 
land, that the British cruisers were approaching the harbor, 
and great excitement prevailed. Church-going was sus- 
pended for the day. The male population turned out e.n 
masse, and threw up a fortification on the hill at Munjoy's 
Point, as it was called, which faced the ship-channel lead- 
ing into tiie harbor. The old earthwork remained till it 
was destroyed by the excavations for the Atlantic and St. 
Lawrence Railroad. At this time the militia were called 
in from tiie adjacent country, and the town presented a very 
warlike aspect. But the British did not appear, and the 
alarm proved to be a false rumor. 

In 1840 the enrolled militia in the State was forty-six 
thousand three hundred and eighty-eight. In March, 
1840, a new and very elaborate act for the enrollment and 
discipline of the militia was passed by the Legislature, pro- 
viding for volunteer companies. Each commissioned officer 
was entitled to hold his commission seven years. Under 
this act a considerable impulse was given to military affairs. 
The number of companies returned was five hundred and 
seventy, and the money expended by the State two hundred 
and sixty-five tliousand four hundred and eighty-five dollars 
and seventy -six cents. 

The government of the United States called for one 
regiment from the State to serve in the Mexican war. 
One company for the regiment was raised in Portland, — 
Company G. It was organized on the 28tli of November, 
1846. Wendell P. Smith, Captain ; Nathan Barker, First 
Lieutenant ; Charles F. Little, Second Lieutenant. Capt. 
Green Waldron was ordered, with the revenue-cutter 
" Morris," then at Portland, to Vera Cruz. 

An " Act to Organize and Discipline the Militia" was 
passed by the Legislature Feb. 29, 1856. The State was 
formed into divisions, whereof the 5th embraced this county, 
with headquarters at Portland. Major-General, Wendell 
P. Smith; Aide-de-Camp, Joshua S. Palmer; Division 
Advocate, Lewis Pierce ; Division Quartermaster, Charles 
II. Haskell,— all of Portland. 

A battalion of artillery belonged to this division, with 
Jeremiah Butler, of Portland, Major ; George M. Chase, 
Portland, Adjutant; Edward P. Jack, Portland, Quarter- 
master. Tiie A Cavalry was commanded by Capt. Horace 
C. Harris, of Portland, who continued in command till 
1859. The report of 1859 shows that the division officers 
remained unchanged up to December 1st of that year. 

On the 1st of December, 1860, there were three divisions 
of militia in the State, officered as follows: 

Isl Division. — John L. Hod.sdou, Major-Genenil, Ban- 
gor; John A. Veazie, Aide-de-Camp, Bangor; James H. 
Butler, Division Inspector, Bangor; Thomas Hersey, Di- 
vision Quartermaster, Bangor. 

2d Division.— V!]\]\nm H. Titcomb, Major-General, 
Rockland ; Samuel II. Allen, Aide-de-Camp, Thomaston ; 
George W. Kimball, Jr., Aide-de-Camp, Rockland ; John 
S. Case, Division Inspector, Rockland; Everett W. Stet.son, 
Division Quartermaster, Damariscolta ; Ciiarles A.Miller, 
Division Advocate, Rockland. 

3</ Division. — William Wirt Virgin, Major-General, 
Norway; Charles E. Shaw, Aide-de-Camp, Portland ; Wil- 



liam P. Frye, Division Quartermaster, Lewiston ; William 
W. Bolster, Division Advocate, Dixfield. 

But liltle change was made in these general officers up 
to the spring of 1861. Maj.-Gen. Hodsdon, of the 1st 
Division, had become adjutant-general of the State, on the 
staflF of Hon. Israel Washburn, Jr., Governor. The organ- 
ized militia companies of the State at this period were as 
follows : 

riRST UIVISIO.V. 

A.. ..Cavalry Tiangor Charles A. Green. 

A. -..Artillery Bi'ewcr Klisha N. Jones. 

15 ...Artillery Easlport 0. S. Livermore. 

C... Artillery Milo W. H. Stinchfield. 

B.... Artillery East Machias George W. .'^lavy. 

A....Lij;ht Infantry.... Eustport .-..N. F. Swett, l.=t Lieut. 

C ... Light Inlaiitry.... Bangor Hemiin Bartlett. 

C....Lisht Infantry.. ..Bangor William Conner, 1st Lieut. 

D..,Liglit Infantry. ...Lagrange Benjamin G. Bryn. 

E... Light Infantry.. ..Casline S. K. Devcreu.x. 

A ...Kiflcmcn Vcnzie R. R. I'ark. 

B...Ri(lomen Orland .Tames C. Saunders. 

C ...Riflemen Patten ......Tames B. Hill. 

E... Riflemen Brownville M. W. Brown. 

F ...Riflemen Lowell Not fully organized. 

SKC'OXD nivisiox. 

A. ..Artillery Belfast A. W. Cunningham. 

A. ..Light Infantry. ...Belfast Thomas II. Marshall. 

C....Light Infantry — Brooks James R. Iluxford. 

D ...Light Infantry. ...iSearsport Ebcn. Whitcomb. 

E... Light Infantry. ...Unity J. F. Parkhurst, 1st Lieut. 

Sc,u,„l Re.jimr.u,. 

A ...Light Infantry. ...Bath William Rogers. 

B . Riflemen Canaan Alonzo Richardson. 

THIRD Divisioy. 

A ...Cavalry Acton Cyrus Grant. 

A ...Artillery Auburn Jjimes S. Nash. 

A ...Light Infantry. ...Portland Albion Wilham. 

B... Light Infantry.. ..Portland Thomas A. Roberts. 

C... Light Infantry.... Portland Charles H. Green. 

(i ...Light Infantry.... Lewiston N. J. Jackson. 

II. ..Light Infantry Norway George L. Beal. 

A ...Riflemen Portland Frederic Forsyth. 

B ...Riflemen; Portland William iVI. Shaw. 

S.comlJlcyimc„l. 

A. ..Artillery Kittery M. F. AVentwoith. 

A ...Light Infantry Kittery William L. Toby. 1st Lieut. 

B... Light Infantry Brown'field S. B. Bean. 

C... Light Infantry Porter ..James French, Jr. 

Of the 1st Regiment, 3d Division, the officers were: 
Lieutenant-Colonel, L. De M. Swett, Portland ; Adjutant, 
William A. Winship, Portland ; Surgeon, Samuel H. 
Tewk.sbury, Portland; As.sistant Surgeon, Geo. W. Chad- 
wick, Portland. 

ISRAEL WA.SIIBUKN, JR., LL D.,* 

born in Livermore, Androscoggin (then Oxford) Co., Me., 
June 6, 1813, is a descendant in the .seventh generation 
from John Washburn, who came from ]*]veshaui, Worces- 
tershire, Eng., in 1631 (supposed to have been secretary of 
the first Council of Plymouth in England^, and who settled 
in Duxbury as early as 1632, and in 1634 purchased a 
place, still known, and near the old StandLsh house, called 
" The Eagle's Nest," whence he removed to Bridgewater 
about 1665. 

His father, Israel, was born in Raynham, Mass., Nov. 18, 
1784, and settled in Livermore in 1809, whore he resided 
until his death, Sept. 1, 187li. He was a firmer, and was 
also engaged in trade for many years. He took an active 

* Israel," Israel,' Israel,' Israel,' Samuel.^ .lohu.' 




[■Iiulii. lijr LaniRtii, IVirtlniiil. 



a4^^^ ^2/>t-^ /i/<:^Y^rvt/y>, 



CUMBERLAND IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. 



and influential part in the affairs of the town, of which he 
was often an officer, and wliich, before the separation in 
1820, lie represented for four years in the General Court. 
His father, a soldier of the Revolution, and his grandfather 
(who had removed to Raynham, Ma.ss.) were prominent 
men in that part of the commonwealth, both having been 
on many occasions members of the Legislature or " General 
Court," as it was called, and the latter having been a mem- 
ber of the convention which adopted the first constitution 
of the commonwealth. 

Mr. Washburn's mother was a daughter of Samuel Ben- 
jamin, a native of Watertown, Mass., and a lieutenant in 
the Revolution, who served from the battle of Lexington to 
the surrender of Cornwallis, and was in both engagements. 
Her mother was Tabitha Livermore, of Waltham, Mass., an 
aunt of the late Hon. Isaac Livermore, of Cambridge. Their 
children are: Israel, the subject of this notice; Algernon 
S., a merchant and banker, who recently died at Ilallqwell, 
Me. ; Elihu B., a representative in Congress for sixteen years 
from Illinois, secretary of state, and minister plenipoten- 
tiary to France; Cadwallader C., LL.D., a representative in 
Congress from Wisconsin for ten years, major-general of 
volunteers in the civil war, and Governor of the State of 
Wisconsin ; Charles A., an editor in San Francisco, minister 
resident at Paraguay, and author of a voluminous history 
of that country ; Samuel B., a captain in the volunteer navy 
of the United States in the civil war, and now residing at 
the family homestead of the Norlands in Livermore; Wm. 
I)., of Minneapolis, president of the Minneapolis and St. 
Louis Railroad, and representative in Congress from Minne- 
sota ; and three daughters and a son, who died in infancy. 

Israel Washburn, Jr., received a classical education, 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in October, 1834. 
He commenced the practice of law, at Orono, in the county 
of Penobscot, in December of that year, and was a member 
of the State Legislature in 1842. He was a representa- 
tive in Congress from the Penobscot district for the Thirty- 
second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Tliirty- 
sixth Congresses, serving, while in that body, as chairman 
of the Committee on Elections, as member of the Commit- 
tees of Ways and Means, of the Pacific Railroad, and of 
less important committees. He was Governor of the State 
of Maine in 1861 and 1862, and declined a re-eloetion. 

It was during his first year's service that the war of the 
Rebellion was begun ; there was no military organization, 
or at most a merely nominal one in the State at the time, 
and it was necessary to create one. For more than a year 
nearly the entire work of raising, uniforming, equipping, 
and arming troops, and transporting them as far as New 
York City, and defraying the cost thereof fell upon the 
State government. These duties involved immense labor, 
and much which in other States, having an active military 
organization, was not required. 

After his retirement from the ofEee of Governor, Mr. 
Washburn, in November, 1863, was appointed by President 
Lincoln collector of customs for the port of Portland, 
and soon afterwards removed to that city, where he has 
since resided. He held this ofiice by successive appoint- 
ments until the 1st of May, 1877. On the 4th of July, 
1865, after the close of the civil war, upon invitation of 



the municipal autlioritics of Portland, he delivered an 
oration in that city, in which he di.scus.sed at length the 
questions : From what, through what, and to what, the 
country had been brought by the civil war. 

He is a?i active member of the Maine Historical Society, 
and has contributed to its publications a memoir of tlie late 
Chief Justice Ether Shepley, and an elaborate monograph 
upon the once exciting question of the Northeastern 
Boundary of the State, and he has been a not infrequent 
contributor to the periodical literature of the limes. He 
wrote the " Notes of Livermore," published in 1874, and in 
the same year he delivered the historical address at the 
centennial of the town of Orono, which was al.so published. 
He is also a member and vice-president of the New Eng- 
land Historical and Genealogical Society. 

Mr. Washburn married in October, 1841, Mary JIaud, 
youngest daughter of Col. Ebenezer Webster, of Orono, by 
whom he had four children, Israel Henry, a lieutenant in 
the United States jMarine Corps, Charles Fox, a resident of 
Minnesota, Ada, and Maud. Mrs. Washburn died in 
June, 1873. 

In January, 1876, he married i\Ii,ss Robina Napier, eldest 
daughter of Benjamin Brown, Esq., now a resident of 
Aroostook Co., Me. 



CHAPTER XXVI. 

CUMBERLAND IN THE "WAR OF THE REBELiLIOBI. 

ExtraSession uf the Legis1nturc—Uai,«ini' the First Regiments— Gen- 
eral Order of the Governor— Credit due the Militiii Officers— First 
Regiment— First Battery. 

Within a few days after the first rebel guns at Charles- 
ton had aroused the nation to the fact of an impending civil 
war, the extent and magnitude of which no one could then 
foresee, the Legislature of Maine convened in extra session, 
and on the 25th of April, 1861, passed an act providing 
for the raising of ten regiments for the service of the United 
States. These regiments were to be raised as far as practi- 
cable out of the already existing militia, and by the aid of 
the officers of the several divisions, who were instructed by 
a general order of the Governor to proceed at once to the 
discharge of the duties assigned them. The major-generals 
of the several divisions, with their respective staffs, were 
constantly engaged in the service of the State from the 
22d of April to the 28th of May, 1861, raising, organizing, 
and preparing for organization the several regiments within 
their limits. Their services were promptly and suitably 
recognized by the commander-in-chief in the following 
general order : 

'■ llKAnylAllTKItS, AnJlTA.VT-GKXKIHI.'s OlllCK, 

AiuusTA, JInv 28, 1861. 
" General Order No. .'JO. 

*' The general orders for carrying into effect the act of 2jtb of 
April, 1861, to authorize the raijing of ten regiments, etc., having 
been e.Kecuted by the respective major-general!-, so far as tboy were 
charged therewith, and no further duties remaining to be performed 
by them at present, under said orders, the commander-in-chief directs 
that they and their respective stuffs bo discharged from further service, 
under the orders aforesaid, at their several hea<l(juarters on Wwlnes- 
day. the 2',)lh day of May, instant, at four o'clock in the aflernoon. at ' 
which time and place they will be paid by Ihc paymasters within the 
limits of their respective divisions. 



142 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



" Tlio coiiiiiianilcr-in-chief nviiils himsilf of this opportunity to cx- 
jii-css liis sntisfiiction at tlio prompt ami able manner in whicli the 
new ami arduous duties devolving upon tlicm in tliis emergency have 
boon performed. 

"Notwithstanding the neglected and disorganized condition of the 
militia of this Slalc, incident to a protracted period of uninterrupted 
peace, companies, biitlalion.f, and regimetits have been raised, organ- 
ized, uniformed, armed, equipped, nnd made ready for the service of 
the general government, with" a promptness and expedition which 
roUcct great credit upon the major-generals and others charged with 
the execution of the orders in this behalf. 

" IsnAEi. Wasiiuurx, Jli., 
" Goimmr n,iri Cnium„iHUr-i„-Cliief. 
" Joii\ L. llonsnox, 

•' A<ljuU,nl-G,Hemir 



Tlio fifst si.K rojiiiiiont.-* .«eiit foiward for t]ie service of the 
gdveniiiieiit wore raised and organized within divisional 
limits, atiiong wliich they were equally apportioned. The 
reiuainirii; four regiments, authorized by the act of April 
2.5ih, were raised irrespective of military divisions. The 
act provided for the raising of these regiments " for two 
years, unless sooner discharged." The first and second 
regiments were thus enlisted ; the former was mustered into 
the United States service for three months, under the call 
of the President for seventy -five thousand men to serve for 
that length of titue ; the latter was mustered in for three 
years. Six of the ten regitnents were enlisted under the 
'■'■ two years" plan of the State, which had been adopted 
previous to the order of the War Department requiring 
the regiments to be mustered into the United States service 
for a period of three years. To efi'ect conformity with the 
United States plan of enlistments. General Order No. 29 
was issued, under authority of the Governor and Council, 
providing that all enlisted men, except those of tiie 1st 
and '2d Regiments, who declined to enter into a contract 
to serve for an additional year, should be discharged and 
paid. Several hundred efficient meti were thus for a 
time lost to the service. But notwithstanding this tempo- 
rary embarrassment, incident to the uncertainty which pre- 
vailed at the beginning of the war, troops were enlisted 
more rapidly than they could be received by the United 
States government, and within three weeks after the' ad- 
journment of the extra session of the Legislature a general 
order had to be issued, putting a restriction u[ic>ii the ardor 
for enlistments. 

This work was carried on mainly by officers of the vol- 
unteer militia, who brought to their new duties a large 
amount of experience, acquired in that department. Aiiiong 
these were Col. Nathaniel J. Jackson, who had acquired a 
well-earned reputation as a disciplinarian ; Lieut.-Col. Wit- 
ham, formerly captain of the Portland Light Infatitiy ; 
Capt. George L. Beal, afterwards colonel of the 10th Regi- 
ment, who was one of the most active and efficient of those 
who, at the call of the I'resident, at once united with their 
commands in making up the 1st Regiment, sent to the 
front immediately upon the breaking out of the war. Col. 
Jameson, Lieut.-Col. Roberts, Col. Berry, and the lamented 
Jhirsliall are names familiar in the old volunteer militia. 
Col. Jameson, afterwards general in the United States ser- 
vice, began his military career more than ten years before 
tlie beginning of the late war as division inspector upon 
the staff of Maj.-Gen. Cushman, of the then od Division 



of militia, and was colonel of the only regiment of infantry 
in the 1st Division at the breaking out of the Rebellion. He 
had but a short time previou.sly tendered his resignation, 
but immediately withdrew it upon the first intimation of his 
being required for active service. Col. Roberts, the lieu- 
tenant-colonel of the same militia regiment, also served with 
honor upon Gen. Cushnian's staff, as aide-de-camp. Col. 
A'^arney, who was chosen major of the 2d Regiment upon 
its organization, was one of the most acconiplislied soldiers 
and discipliiiariatis in Company A, formerly the Bangor 
Light Artilleiy, which was organized in 1853. Capt. 
Charles S. Emer.son served in the Aroostook war, and before 
entering the United States service, for the suppression of 
the Rebellion, was captain of Company II, in the Auburn 
Light Artillery. Blany others who were trained in the 
volunteer militia are equally worthy of mention did space 
permit. The company officers of Gen. Virgin's division, 
in general, were foremost among those to whom the State 
and nation are deeply indebted for a zeal and promptness 
in organizing the first regiments sent to the war. 

THE FIRST I!K(iIMF,NT OF MAINE I1*<F.\NTKY 

had eight companies, made up in wliole or in part from the 
3d Division of Volunteer Militia, Maj.-Gen. Virgin, and 
two new companies formed to make up the quota of the 
regiment. The organization was as follows : 

Company A, Portland Light Infantry, Capt. Albion 
Witham. 

Company B, Machias Blues, Capt. George G. Bailey. 

Company C, Portland Light Guard, Capt. M. R. Fes- 
senden. 

Company D, Portland Rifle Corps,* Capt. Charles II. 
Meserve. 

Company E, Portland Rifle Guard, Capt. William M. 
Shaw. 

Company F, Lcwiston Light Infantry, Capt. Nathatiiel 
J. Jackson. 

Company G, Norway Light Infantry, Capt. George L. 
Beal. 

Company H, Auburn .\rtilleiy, Capt. Charles S. Emer- 
son. 

Company I, Portland Light Guard (2d), Capt. William 
M. Quimby. 

Company K, Lewiston Zouaves, Capt. S. B. Osgood. 

The regiment was organized on the 2Sth of April, 1801, 
and mustered into the United States service at Portland, 
May 3d, to serve three months. Being a three months' 
regiment and not engaged in any battles, its history at the 
front is brief; the mere outlines are as follows: June 1st it 
left for Washington, where it encamped on Meridian Hill, 
and there remained, doing neccs.sary guard duty at exposed 
points, until August 1st, when it left for Portland, where 

* In placing the Portland Rifle Corps, Company D, 1st Maine In- 
fantry, among the old companies we have followed the adjutant-gen- 
eral's report. We are informed by Capt. Frederic Forsyth, who was 
captain of the old company, that this is a mistake ; that Company U of 
the 1st Maine Regiment, called Portland Rifle Corps, was a new or- 
gani/,ation enlisted by himself for the 1st Maine Regiment, as I'nifcd 
States recruiting oflieer, in the spring of ISGI,.the old company, of 
which he was the last e^iptain, having been disbanded late in ISfiO. 



FIFTH REGIMENT. 



143 



it was mustered out of the United States service August 
5th, by Capt. Thomas Hite, 2d United States Dragoons. 

The regiment, at its muster-out, was put upon leave of 
absence, without pay or rations, until further orders from 
the commander-in-chief The respective companies were 
ordered into camp at Portland by Special Order No. 67, and 
the regimental organization ceased to exist by General 
Order No. 50, Sept. 18, 1861. 

THE FIRST BATTKRY, 

belonging to the 1st Regiment of Mounted Artillery, Ed- 
ward W. Thompson, Rrunswick, captain, was organized at 
Portland, Dee. 18, 1861, and on the following day went to 
Camp Chase, Lowell, Mass., where it remained till Feb. G, 
1862, and left Boston on the 8th for Ship Island, Miss., 
landing there March 10th. On the 15th of May it arrived 
in New Orleans, and immediately entered upon patrol and 
garri.?on duty, which it performed until October 1st, when 
it was assigned to Brig.-Gen. Weitzel's reserve brigade, at 
Carrolton. On the 24th of the same month the battery 
embarked on transports for Donaldsonville, and on the 27th 
participated in the engagement of Labadieville, after which 
it went into camp at Thibodcaux, where it remained until 
Jan. 11, 1863, and on that day proceeded towards Patterson- 
villa, on the Teehe, where, on the 11th, it was throughout 
the whole day constantly engaged with the enemy. The 
battery afterwards returned to Thibodeaux, and thence to 
Brashear City. On the 12th and 13th of April the bat- 
tery was engaged with the enemy at Bisland, and on the 
27th at Port Hudson, where it was under fire more or 
less every day. The battery embarked for Donaldsonville, 
where it took a prominent part in the engagement of July, 
losing one man killed and fifteen wounded, also sixteen horses 
killed. On the 3d of August the battery arrived at Baton 
Rouge, and on the 18th of September it was assigned to Gen. 
Franklin's army corps, and encamped near New Iberia. 
On the 29th of December, every man present for duty with 
the battery re-enlisted for three years, under War Depart- 
ment order authorizing such re-enlistiueut of men who had 
served two years, the muster-in taking place Jan. 1, 1864. 

The battery arrived at New Orleans on the 20th of Jan- 
uary, and on the 10th of February the re-enlisted men came 
North on a furlough of thirty days, arriving at Augusta, Me., 
on the 22d, where they rendezvoused on the 22d of March, 
remaining until April 4tb, wlien the battery moved to Port- 
land, leaving there on the 15th for Annapolis, Md., having 
been assigned to Gen. Burnside's corps. On its arrival at An- 
napolis, on the 19th, the battery was ordered to Washington, 
D. C., where, on the 12th of July, it assisted in repelling the 
rebel forces under Gen. P]arly at Fort Stevens, and on the 
30th was assigned to the 19th Army Corps. On the 19th 
of September it took a prominent part in the action at 
Winchester, Va., and at Strasburg, on the 22d, and on 
the 25th bivouacked at Ilarri-souburg, remaining till Oc- 
tober 5tli. 

The ca.sualties in the battery in the several engagements, 
from the 19th to the 26th of September, were two killed and 
seven wounded. On the 5th of October the battery proceeded 
on the return marcli to Cedar Creek, Va , where it arrived 
on the 10th, and on the 19th participated in the severe en- 



gagement at tliat place, resulting in the complete rout of the 
enemy. The battery lost in that engagement two enlisted 
men killed, one officer and sixteen enli.sted men wounded, and 
eight men taken prisoners, also forty-nine horses killed. On 
the 9lh of November the battery moved from Cedar Creek to 
Winchester, where it remained till Jan. 14, 1865, when it 
proceeded to Manchester, Va., and on the 14th of April 
returned to Winchester, and there remained in camp until 
July 9th, when it embarked for Portland, arriving on the 
13th, where, on the 15th of July, it was mustered out of 
the United States service by Capt. C. Holmes, United States 
Army, in accordance with orders from the War Department. 



CHAPTER XX VII. 

FIFTH REGIMENT. 

nent— Record of Odicors of the Keg 
land County. 



nent from Cii'nlcr- 



TllE 5th Regiment of Maine Infantry was composed of 
the following companies: 

A. — Gorham Company, Capt. Josiah Iloald. . 

B. — Biddeford Company, Capt. Samuel C. Hamilton. 

C. — Saco Company, Capt. Isaac B. Noyes. 
. D. — Brunswick Company, Capt. Edward W. Thompson. 

E. — Lowiston Company, Capt. Edwin Ilsley. 

F. — Portland Company, Capt. George P. Sherwood. 

G — Portland Company, Capt. Henry G. Thomas. 

H. — Portland Company, Capt. Mark H. Dunnell. 

I. — Bethel Company, Capt. Clark S. Edwards. 

K. — Minot Company, Capt. William A. Tobie. 

The regiment was organized at Portland, June 24, ISCl, 
and was mustered into the United States service for three 
years. On the 26th of June they left for Washington, 
where they arrived on the 28th. They moved into Vir- 
ginia on the 11th of July, and were assigned to Gen. 
Howard's brigade. At the battle of Bull Run, on the 21st, 
they bore an active and gallant part, losing about seventy 
in killed, wounded, and missing. On the 16th of Octobei- 
the regiment was assigned to Gen. Slocum's brigade, and 
encamped near the seminary, just below Alexandria. Dur- 
ini; the remainder of the fall and winter large detacbmeuls 
of the regiment were engaged in skirmishes with the enemy 
while on picket duty near Mount Vernon. In April, 1862, 
they moved to the Peninsula, and at the siege of Yorktown 
were held in supporting distance, but not engaged. At the 
battle of West Point, May 7th, they took a prominent part, 
losing two killed and five wounded. At Meclianicsville, in 
the latter part of May, they were engaged with the enemy 
in three skirmishes, and also participated in the battle of 
Gaines' Mill, June 27th ; their loss in the latter engage- 
ment was ten killed, sixty-nine wounded, and sixteen 
missing. 

The following day the regiment had a severe, though 
short, engagement at Golding Farm. On June 30lh they 
a^aiu encountered the enemy at Charles City Cross-Roads, 
and at Malvern Hill they were held within supporting dis- 



14-t 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



tiiiice of the Union army, but were not culled into the Oglit. 
Scptenibci- 1st, they iirrivcd at Bull Run to tiic support of 
Gen. Pope's forces, but, as the retreat had already commenced, 
they were not engaged during that day. On the 14th of 
September they participated in an engagement at Cramp- 
ton's Pass in the South Mountain Range. Their loss in 
killed and wounded was thirty-five, missing ten. On the 
17th they bore a prominent part in the battle of Antietam, 
being under fire eighteen hours. They cro.ssed the Rappa- 
hannock River on the 11th of December, and occupied an 
important position in the battle of Fredericksburg, after 
which they returned to their old camp near White Oak 
Church, where they remained till the 28th of April, 18G3, 
when they joined in the movement across tlie Rappahan- 
nock, and participated in the battle of Chancellorsville, May 
2d and 3d. Their casualties in killed, wounded, and miss- 
ing were ninety-seven officers and men. On the 6th of 
June the regiment joined in the campaign resulting in the 
battle of Gettysburg, and participated in the engagements of 
July 2d and 3d at tiiat place. From this time until the 19th 
the regiment was con.stantly on the move, taking part in 
several skirmishes. On the 19Lh they crossed the Potomac, 
and marched towards Warrenton, where they arrived on 
the 20th of October, and remained till the 7th of Novem- 
ber, when they marched towards the R:ippuhannock River, 
and participated in the brilliant charge and capture of the 
enemy's works and forces at the cro.ssing of that river. In 
that engagement their loss was seven killed and twenty- 
eight wounded. On the 8th they joined in the pursuit of 
the enemy's retreating colutnn, and, after a tedious march, 
crossed the Rapidan on the 27th, when the regiment, with 
its brigade, supported the 3d Corps at the battle of Orange 
Grove. The following day they occupied a position near 
Jline Run, which they left on the 3d of December, and 
returned to their old camp near Willsford's Ford, remain- 
ing tJiere till May 3, 186-t. On that day they moved 
across the Hazel River, and marched until the 5th, when 
they participated in the battle of the Wilderness, and on 
the 8th in that of Spottsylvania. On the 10th the regi- 
ment formed a part of the forces selected to make the 
charge on the enemy's works, and which resulted in their 
capture. Their loss in that engagement was more than one- 
half their number present. 

On the 12th they again participated in a charge on a 
part of the enemy's works, which they carried and held 
permanently. On the 23d the regiment crossed the North 
Anna River, and on the 29th engaged the enemy at the 
Pamunkey, and again at Cold Harbor on the 1st of June, 
participating in all the skirmishes, marches, etc., of the 
army in its advance towards Petersburg, until the 22d of 
June, when, its term of service having expired, they were 
ordered to Portland, Mc, where they arrived on the 28th. 
One hundred and ninety-three officers and men were mus- 
tered out and discharged the United States service July 
27, 18G4, by Lieut. I. H. Walker, 14th United States 
Infantry. 

The re-cniisted men and recruits, whose terras of service 
had not expired, were organized with those of the Cth and 
7th Regiments, as the Ist Regiment Infantry, Maine 
Veteran Volunteers. 



RECORD OF OFFICERS OP THE REGIMENT. 

The following officers of this regiment were from Cum- 
berland County : 

Col. Mark II. DunncM, I'oitlanJ ; com. May 24, 1801 ; pro. from capt. 

Co. II; res. Sept. 2, ISOl. 
Col. Edward A. Scamman, Portland : com. Nov, 1, 1S62 ; pro. through 

all the grades from 1st lieut. Co. II: discb. Jan. 8, ISG^i. 
Adj. Charles S. Whitman, Portland; com. June 24, I8(J1 : pro. from 

capt. Co. E; disch. Nov. 21, 1861. 
Adj. George W. (Jraffam, Portland; com. Sept. 2, 1861; res. Del. 18, 

1863. 
Adj. George W. Bicknell, Portland; com. Nov. 1, 1S62 ; pro. from 

1st licut. Co. K; res. March 8, 1861; severely wounded Second 

Fredericksburg. 
Q.m. John S. Merrill, Gorham ; com. June 21, ISGI ; pro. from 2d 

lieut. Co. A ; res. Sept. 2, 1861. 
Chaplain John R, Adams, Gorham ; com. Juno 21, 1861; must, out 

July 27, 1S64. 
Capt. Josi:>h HeaUi, Gorham; com. June 21, lS01,Co. A; disch. Aug. 

9, 1861, 
Capt. Burbank Spiller, Raymond; com. Feb. 1, 1862, Co. C; pro. 

from K-t and 2d lieuts. Co. K ; disch. March 2:!, 186.3. 
Capt. Edward W. Thompson, Brunswick ; com. June 24, 1861, Co. D ; 

res. Sept. 8, 1861. 
Capt. George P. Sherwood, Portland ; com. June 25, ISO], Co. F ; pro, 

from 1st lieut. Co. F; res. Jan. 19, 1863. 
Capt. Henry G. Thomas, Portland; com. June 24, 1861, Co. G; res, 

Aug. y, 1801. 
Capt. Thomas J. Sawyer, Portland; com. Sejit. 10, 1861, Co. G; pro. 

from 2d lieut. Co. G; res. Dec. 3, 1801. 
Capt. Alburn P. Harris, Portland; com. June 3, 1S62, Co. G; pro. 

fiom l.-t licut. Co. G; must, out July 27, 1864; severely wounded 

battle M'ilderncss. 
Capt. George E. Brown, Portland; com. Get. 10, 1S61, Co. H; pro. 

from 2d lieut. Co. H ; res. Oct. 19, 1862. 
Capt. Albert L. Bearing, Portliind; com. Nov. 1, 1862, Co. H; pro, 

from 1st licut.; disch. Sept. 8, 1863; wounded second Fredericks- 
burg. 
Capt. Nathan Walker, Portland; com. Nov, 10, 1 863, Co. I; pro, 

from 1st and 2d lieuts. Co. F; must, out July 27, 1864. 
Capt. Daniel C. Clark, Portland; com. Nov. 10, 1863, Co, K; pro. 

from 1st and 2d lieuts. Co, D; mortally wounded battle Wilder- 
ness; died May 16, 1864. 
1st Lieut. William Merrill, Gorham; com. June 24, 1S6I, Co. A 

disch. Deo. 10, 1801. 
1st Lieut. William E. Stevens, Portland; com. Nov. I, IS62, Co. B 

pro. from 2d lieut.; must, out July 27, 1S64. 
1st Licut. Charles A. Waterhouse, Portland; com. April 13, 1863, Co, 

C; pro. from 2d lieut. Co. G ; disch. March 11, 1864. 
1st Lieut. Joseph Wight, Gorham; com. June 1.3, 1863, Co. E ; pro. 

from 2d licut. Co. A ; must, out July 27, 1804. 
1st Lieut. Orrin B. Stevens, Westbrook ; com. Nov. 10, 1SG3, Co. F 

pro. from 2d lieut. Co. F; mortally wounded battle Wilderness 

died May 15, 1864. 
1st Lieut. George W. Martin, Portland: com. June 24, 1861, Co, G 

res. Oct. 13, 1801. 
1st Lieut. John C. Summcrsides, Gorham; com. Nov. 10, 1863, Co, 

G; pro. from 2d licut. Co. E; must, out July 27, 1864. 
Ist Lieut, Ambrose S. Dyer, Portland; com. June 24, 1801. Co. H 

died .Sept. 22, 1801. 
1st Lieut. Richard C. Shannon, Portland; com. Oct. 10, ISGl, Co. H 

pro. to cajit, and asst. adj. -gen., Oct. 23, 1802. 
1st Lieut. Lewis II. Lunt, Brunswick; com. April 13, 1863, Co. I 

pro. from 2d lieut. Co. D ; must, out July 27, 1864. 
2d Lieut. B'rcderic Speed, Gorham; com. Sept, 10, ISOl, Co, A; pro, 

to adj. 13th Maine, 
2d Lieut. J. Augustine Grcnicr, Portland; com. Dec. 30, 1S02, Co. C 

trans, to Co. B, 7th Maine. 
2d Lieut. Frank G. Patterson, Portland; com. April 13, 1863, Co. D 

wounded in battle of Wilderness: must, out July 27, 1864. 
2d Licut. Robert MoPhcrson, Portland; com. Sept. 10, 1861, Co. G 

res. Dec. II, 1801. 
2d Licut. Samuel Munscm, Portland ; com. June 24, 1S61, Co. H ; res. 

Aug. 23, 1861. 



TENTH llEGIMENT. 



145 



2d Lieut. Smith G. Bailey, Portland; corn. Oct. 1, 1S02, Co. II; died 

Mn.v 30, 18«2. 
2d Lieut. Andrew S. Lyon. New Cilouocfter; com. Ftb. 1, 1802, Co. K ; 

pro. to 1st lieut. Co. K. 
2J Lieut. John McLellun. f^aseo; com. .Tune 1.1, I8G:i, Co. K ; trans. 

to Co. A, rth Maine. 

nr.«nii:NTAL banh. 

Jonathan Cole, Portland; Charles G. Young. Portland; Edward N. 
Cobb, Portland ; Edward M. Gammon, Portland ; James A. 
Leavitt, Portland; Daniel P. Larry, Gorham ; Daniel M. Wcs- 
cott, Gorhara ; Francis A. Cloudman, Windham ; Joseph W. 
Doughty, Windham ; Luther Wiswell, Jr., Windham ; Charles 
D. Barrett, Portland, Band di.'^charixed by act of Congress, Aug. 
7, 1862. 



CHAPTER XXVII r. 

TENTH HEGIMENT. 

Organization — Movements of the Regiment — Casualties in the Service 
—Official llecord. 

The 10th Kegitiicnt of Maine Volunteer Infantry may 
be regarded in one respect a.s a continuation of the 1st 
Regiment. In the early stages of its organization it was 
intended to comprise, as far as practicable, the companies 
of the 1st. This design, however, was but partially real- 
ized, since six hundred and ninety-seven men out of the 
eight hundred and eight3'-one in the 10th Regiment were 
paid bounties as newly-enlisted troops. A portion of the 
remainder of the 1st Regiment enlisted in the 7th, 8tli, and 
9th Regiments, and some were discharged upon the sur- 
geon's certificate of disability. 

ROSTER OP THE TEx\TH MAINE REGIMENT AS ORIGINALLY 
ORGANIZED. 

Colonel, George L. Beal, Norway. 

Lieutenant-Colonel, James S. Fillebrown, Lewiston. 

Major, Charles Walker, Portland. 

Adjutant, Elijah M. Shaw, Lewiston. 

Quartermaster, William S. Dodge, Portland. 

Chaplain, George Knox, Brunswick. 

Surgeon, Daniel 0. Perry, Portland. 

Assistant Surgeon, Josiah F. Day, Jr., Portland. 

Non-Commissioned Staff. — Sergeant- Major, John M. 
Gould; Quartermaster-Sergeant, Charles F. King; Com- 
missary-Sergeant, Charles Thompson ; Fife-Major, William 
Allen ; Drum-Major, Alpheus L. Greene ; Hospital Stew- 
ard, George J. Northrup; Leader of Band (second lieu- 
tenant), Daniel H. Chandler. 

Line Officers. — Company A. — Captain, John Q. Adams ; 
First Lieutenant, Ephraini M. Littletield ; Second Lieu- 
tenant, Charles E. Pierce. 

Company B. — Captain, James M. Bhiek ; First Lieu- 
tenant, Charles W. Roberts ; Second Lieutenant, Alfred L. 
Turner. 

Company C. — Captain, William P. Jordan ; First Lieu- 
tenant, Benjamin M. Redlon; Second Lieutenant, Benj. 
F. Whitney. 

Company D. — Captain, George W. West; First Lieu- 
tenant, George D. Beardsley ; Second Lieutenant, Henry 
M. Biuney. 
19 



Company E. — Captiiin, Albert E. Estes ; First Lieuten- 
ant, Cyrus Latham ; Second Lieutenant, Andrew C. Cloud- 
man. 

Company F. — Captain, Win. Knowlton ; First Lieutenant, 
Edward S. Butler; Second Lieutenant, Abel G. Rankin. 

Company G. — Captain, Henry Rust, Jr.; First Lieu- 
tenant, Jonathan Blake ; Second Lieutenant, William W. 
Whitmarsh. 

Company H — Captain, Charles S. Eiucrson ; First Lieu- 
tenant, James C. Folsoiu ; Second Lieutenant, Phineas W. 
Dill. 

Company I. — Captain, Nehemiah T. Furbish; First 
Lieutenant, Hebron Mayhew ; Second Lieutenant, John T. 
Simp.son. 

Company K. — Captain, George H. Nye; First Lieuten- 
ant, John F. Withorell ; Second Lieutenant, Fayette Bick- 
nell. 

The 10th Regiment was organized at Cape Elizabeth, 
Me., Oct. 4, 18G1, to serve two and three years. Companies 
B, C, E, F, G, H, I, and K were mu.stered into the United 
States service, Oct. 4, 1861, to serve two years from May 
3, 1861, and Companies A and D to serve thiee years from 
Oct. 4, 1861. The regiment left Portland on the Gth, and 
arrived at Baltimore, Md., on the 9th, where they remained 
encamped at " Patterson's Park" until the 4th of Novem- 
ber. On that day they moved to Relay House, Md., and 
guarded the Washington branch of the Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad until the 27th of February, 1862. Subse- 
quently they guarded and protected the branch of the same 
road leading to Harper's Ferry, and as far as Martinsburg, 
Va. On the 24th of May the entire regiment was concen- 
trated at Winchester, Va., and on the following day joined 
in the retreat of Gen. Banks' forces to Williamsport, Md. 
Their casualties during the retreat, as also those at Win- 
chester and in subsetjuent engagements, are stated in the 
list of casualties appended to this narrative. 

While at Williamsport the regiment was assigned to the 
1st Brigade, 1st Division, of Banks' corps. May 2Sth they 
made a reconuoissance towards Martinsburg, returning to 
Williamsport on the same day. On the Slst they advanced 
towards Winchester, thence towards Front Royal, which 
place they occupied on the 22d of June. They partici- 
pated in the reconuoissance to Luray Court-House, Va., 
on the 29th of June, retiring to Front Royal on the 30th, 
and there remained until the Gth of July. On that day 
they proceeded towards Culpeper Court-House, and on the 
8th of August participated in the battle of Cedar Mountain, 
Va., in which they lost heavily in killed, wounded, and 
prisoners. After the battle of Cedar Mountain they re- 
turned to (Culpeper, and on the 19th of August returned 
to Rappahannock Station, thence towards Washington, par- 
ticipating in all the movements of Gen. Pope's forces, 
though not actively engaged in any of the battles which 
took place during the retreat, Gen. Banks' corps being held 
in reserve. On the 17th of September, they participated 
in the battle of Antietam, losing twenty killed and forty- 
eight wounded. On the 19th of September they moved to 
Maryland Heights, ojipositc Harper's Ferry, thence on the 
3d of October to Berlin, Md., where they remained doing 
picket and fatigue duty. On the 10th of December, with 



146 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



their corps (the 12th), they proceeded to Fairfax Station, 
thence on the 22d of January, 18G3, to Stafford Court- 
House, Va., where they remained encamped until the 28th 
of April, when, their two-years' term of service having ex- 
pired, they were ordered to Maine, and mustered out at 
Portland on the 7th and 8th of May, by Capt. Thomas C. 
J. Bailey, of the 17th United States Infantry. The three- 
years' men were detached from the rcf;inieiit on the 26th of 
April, organized into a battalion of three companies, and 
assigned to duty as IIead((uarters Guard, 12th Array 
Corps. 

CASUAI/nE.S IN THE TKNTII RK(iIMENT. 

(IN I'ICKKT NEAR WINCIIESTEIt, VA., MAV 24, 1862. 

Williiim 1'. Hamilton, corporal, wounded in the neck ; left in the brick 
house, and concealed from the rebels by the inmates. 

Frank G. liooly, private, slight wounil in face. 

Charles Burnhiini, wounded in side and log. 

Thomas M. Glendcnning, wounded in leg. 

Mezcrve Go.iry, wounded in leg; linger lost. 

Charles F. Palmer, slightly wounded. 

Burnham, Gkndenning, Geary, and Palmer captured next day in 
hospital ; afterwards paroled. 

Boody captured on the retreat next day : exchanged in October ; dis- 
charged on account of disability from ill treatment. 

Burnham, Glendcnning, and Geary discharged on account of disability 
from wounds. 

DUUISG banks' retreat, MAY 25, 1S62. 

K'ilUil. 
William A. Hamilton, Co. C, private, at Eucklestown. 
Andrew J. Wiilton, Co. E, at Darksville. 
Solomon S. Kennedy, Co. G, at Darksville. 

n'.„n„lc,l. 
Henry N. Shaw,* Co. A, ooi-poral, leg; paroled. 
James Mitchell, sergeant, Co. C, head; not captured. 
Robert M. Weeks, sergeant, Co. C, arm ; not captured. 
Hugh V. McManus,* corporal, Co. D, hand ; not captured. 
Charles W. Hammond,* priviite, Co. D, lost arm ; paroled. 
Porter Latham, private, Co. E, buckshot in leg ; not captured. 

Prhoiiers. 
Josiah F. Day, assistant surgeon ; George J. Northrup, hospital stew- 
ard, paroled. 
Company A: Henry Benson, Joseph H. Chappel, Ahinson M. Little- 
hale, George E. Mclntire, John Smith, privates. 
Company B : Charles F.' Allen, paroled : Luther H. Drake, Leonard 
Eustis, Joshua E. Harris, Tcrrence McGuire, Daniel S. Roberts, 
died in hands of enemy; John Swett, Jr., Francis Seed, Alonzo 
K. .Sm.all, James M. Tewksbiiry, Oliver F. Varney, Joseph 
Weeks, died in hands of enemy; privates. 
Company C: Henry A. Plummer, corporal; Francis G. Boody, cor- 
poral ; Anthony Divine, died Juno 10th; John Goodhue, Valen- 
tine R. Jackson, William H. Love, Elbridge F. March, Andrew 
D. Newbold, William A. Winslow, George M. Wiggin, David 
Greoly Warner (musician), hospital. 
Company D ; William Pleasant, corporal ; George E. Clark, died in 
hanils of enemy; John Erwin, drummer; Jere Souci, private, 
discharged ; Alexander Sebastian, private, paroled ; John White. 
Company E : Hiram T. Cook, corporal ; Thomas Johnson, William 

Lowry, privates. 
Company F : Charles A. Atkinson, Charles F. Burr, Isaac Ellsworth, 
died in hands of enemy ; Fred A. Howard, discharged ; Joseph 
Lapbam, paroled ; Lewis F. Libby, paroled ; Edwin Record, Frank 
0. Savage, paroled; Everard Thing, John W. Townscnd. 
Company G : Edward Goddard, corporal, discharged ; James Jordan, 
Jason S. Nutting, William H. Pike, died in hands of enemy ; 
Charles W. Witham. 
Company H : Jesse Bishop, Silua Eatos, Robert B. Harris, privates. 

* Discharged the service in consequence of wounds. 



Company I : Edwin Fitch, corporal, John W. Greely, Samuel M. Bur- 
bank, Benjamin F. Cook, Wm. P. Golden, John Harkin, Charles 
H. ((uimby; Moses Turner, privates. 

Company K : Leonard Jepson, private. 

IIATTI.E OF CEDAR MOUNTAIN, ArCl'ST U, 1862. 
nj/hcrs. 
KUU'il.—Amhc-w C. Cloudman, captain, Co. E; James C. Folson, first 
lieutenant, Co. H ; Albtrt W. Freeman, second lieutenant, Co. H, 
died August 2oth. 
IKoHii'^i/.— John Q. Adams, captiiin, Co. A ; George H. Nye, captain, 
Co. K ; Herbert R. Sargent, first lieutenant, Co. E; Abel G. Run- 
kin, second lieutenant, Co. F. 
/>/-,'«.,H')-«.— Johu D. Beardsley, first lieutenant, Co. D, captured after 
the buttle. 

Enli.lvU M,„. 
Killed.— Zitchariah L. Hamlin, Scwall Phillips (A), Oliver Hiter (B), 
Emery E. Pierce (B), George H. Hurd (C), Silas H. Bean (D), 
Henry C. Emerson (D), John N. Knowhin (D), Paul Lagassic (D), 
Patrick McNally (D), Daniel Plummer (D). Lorenzo D. Mcrrow 
(E), Nathan E. Whitney (E), Charles W. Marston (F), Sclo F. 
Charles (G), John Badger (H), Alvin Field (H), Greenfield T. 
Libby (H), Edward P. Verrill (H), Charles IL Ryerson (K). 
Morlulli) H'oi.»(/irf.—CincinnatusKeycs (A), died August 13th; James 
L. Kendriek (A), died August IGth ; Charles L. Colley (B), act- 
ing lieutenant, died September 2(Hh ; Arthur T. Jordan (C), died 
October 30th ; Charles Lancaster (C), died August 3d ; Thomas 
D. Sturtevant (C), died August 25th ; George Weymouth (C), died 
August 19th ; George J. Campbell (D), died October 1st; Thomas 
Lane (D), died August ISth; Edwin Thompson (D), died Septem- 
ber 2l6t; Charles H. Anderson (E), died August 12th; Rufus E. 
Farris (G), died September 5th; James H. Mansfield (G), died 
August llth; Kenneth S. Baitlett (G), died August 21st; Elden 
B. Gray (G), died October 12th; Henry J. Ricker (H), died 
Augu.-t Ulh. 
Severely iroinif/^/.— George S. Ayer, colors (A>, discharged; Charles 
Sutherland (A), discharged; Christopher C. Spear (A), dis- 
charged; Reuben Alexander, color-sergeant (B), discharged ;t 
Michael Buckley (B), discharged; Andrew Kerrigan (B), dis- 
charged; Benjamin C. Milesf (B), Almado B. Smith (B), John 
Stone (B), Brasilia S.Cobb (C), discharged; William R. May- 
berry (C), discharged; Byron G. Phiisted (C), discharged; Wil- 
Ham' 0. Russell (C), Dennis Tighe (C), Edward Donnelly (D), 
died September, 1863 ; Edward H. Hanson (D), discharged ; Free- 
man W. Johnson (D), Amos Kelley (D), Henry M. Marston (D), 
Garrett Moran (D), Nelson McNeil (D), John MeNulty (D), dis- 
charged ; Joseph Smith (D), Benjamin P. Spencer (D), William 
S. Noyes (E), William Andrew (E), Charles 11. Burnham (E), 
Ivory L. Hill (E), discharged, lost arm; Charles H. Haskell, first 
sergeant (F), George U. Gould, corporal (F), Thomas A. East- 
man (F), George AV. Gage (F), John H. Gordon (F), Lewis E. 
Pearson (F), Henry Stirk (F), discharged; John A. Trufant (F), 
discharged ; Joseph W. Cummings (G), Nathan C. Estes (G), dis- 
charged ; AVilliam B. Merrill (G), Thomas Powers (G), discharged; 
Benjamin Russell, Jr. (G), Theodore Whitney (G), George B. Co- 
burn (H), sergeant; George W. Harradont (H), dischargedj 
Samuel F. Irish (H), Charles 0. Fargo (H), discharged; Alonio 
F. Morrill (H), discharged; E/.ra F. Stevens (H), Virgil True 
(H), William H. Tra.'<k (H), John Warren (H), Lyman H. Wrigblf 
(11), discharged; Charles J. Lord, corporal (I), William R. Simp- 
son, corporal (I), discharged; Ephraim K. Baston (I), Heury A. 
Batchelder (1), Elisha T. Bisbce (I), discharged; Robert liisbce 
(I), Appleton D. Hill (I), Rufus N. Hill (I), discliarged ; Andrew 
J. Johnson (I), Edward Kerrigan (1), discharged; Jonathan 
Nash (K), Delphinus B. Bicknell (K), Joseph 0. Colley (K). 
Sliuhlln H'm,m/et<.— James F. Tarr (A), Joseph Berwin (A), John 
Uigginson (A), George W. Kendriek (A), Daniel M. Rowc (A), 
Edward W. Loveitt (B), corporal; William H. Penncll (B), eor- 
jioral; Theodore V. Delano (B), Frank F. Eustis (1!), Jatn" 
Powers (B), John 0. Annas (C), William P. Hamilton (C), 
Chandler Libby, sergeant (D) ; Thomas S. Bugbec (D), Albert U. 
Hutchinson (D), Joseph Lagassic (D), Elias T. Libby (D), Dun- 
das McBrien (D), discharged ; Allan Moran (D), Wm. Sibley (D), 



j- Died soon after discharge. 



TENTH RFiGliMENT. 



147 



Joseph Smith (D), Wm. Wallace (D), Joseph F. Mncklin (E), 
corporal (colors); John L. Iloyt (E), Win. A. Huff (E), Chas. C. 
Porter (E), Harrison W. Smith (E), Eben C. Whittemoro (E), 
Joseph F. Merrill, sargeant (F), Samuel R. Grant (F), Abel J. 
Knight fF), Henry A. Savage (F), Zebedee Cushman, sergeant 
(G), ruptured by carrying off wounded on retreat of regiment; 
Charles Chiise (G), run over, trampled on. and l)adly bruised Ijy 
the cavalry iil'ter battle; Charles F. Greenleaf (G), Samuel Knox, 
Jr. (G), prisoner, discharged ; Harrison G. Noble ((t), taken j)ris- 
oner; James S. Widber (G), Ivory W. Emerson (II), Joseph 
Brooks (H), Ambrose A. Foster (U), Edwin A. Lane (H), Henry 
C. I'ratt (H), Charles Richardson (H), Greenleaf Sawyer (H), 
David L. Stetson (H), Samuel L. Stevens (H), Henry S. Babb 
(I), Nathaniel D. Uipley (I), Aaron D. Cotton (I), Benjamin F. 
Davis (I), Andrew J. Hodgdon (I), Cassias C. Roberts (I), James 
WilC-h (I), Thomas A. Thorn, corporal (K), Hewitt C. Bailey (K), 
Houghton Bond (K), Horace J, Cuburn (K), Artemas Coombs 
(K), Alonzo G. Frost (K), Albert P. Hodsdon (K), John R. Mor- 
rill (K), James H. Pio (K), George P. Wyman (K). 



William S. Davis, sergeant (A) ; Robert Weeks, sergeant (C) ; Ozias 
Mullen (C), John Miller (D), John 0. Thorn (I). 

Toiat Lorn. 
0^M/-«.— Killed, .3; wounded, 4; prisoners, 1. Total, 8. 
EiiUsled .l/e;i.— Killed, I'D: mortally wounded, IG; severely, 06; 

slightly, 6-t; prisoners, 5. Total, 171. 
Aggregate loss, 179. 

PRISONERS CAPTURED OS POPe'S RETREAT. 

Ass't-Surg. Joseah F. Day, Jr. ; remained at Culpeper Hospit.al, as 
also the following : William W. Knight, corporal ; Thomas Dear- 
born, Luther Briggs, Andrew Jackson, Edward F. Elliolt, John 
Brown (D), captured Aug. 29, near Manassas Junction. 

AT ANTIKTAM, MD., SEPT. 17, 1862. 
Offir.cr,. 
Killed. — Nehemiah T. Furbish, captain (I); Edward Brackett, acting 
second lieutenant (D), died September 18; William Wade, 
acting second lieutenant (I). 
WonttiUd, — George L. Beal, colonel, both legs, horse killed; James 
S. Fillebrown, lieutenant-colonel, disabled by kicks from Col. 
Real's horse; Alfred L. Turner, first lieutenant (B) ; Hebron 
Mayhew, first lieutenant (I) ; Albert Kingsley, second lieutenant 
(K). 

Enlisted Men. 

Killed and Wounded.— (Those having no date attached to their names 
were killed or died on the day of the battle.) William Brine (B), 
Clinton Forbes (B), James E. Jordan (B), John C. McGinty 
(B), John Trowbridge (B), Edward W. Bonney (C), Albert E. 
Baker (D), died October 8; Henry Campbell (D), George Esty 
(D), died October 21; George Stanley (D), James Covell (F), 
Marcus C. Bartlett (G), died November 6 ; Luke Keirstead (G), 
died September 18; Solomon S. Mains (G), Vincent Mason (G), 
Charles M. Pressy (G), Ezra Towle, died September 27 ; AVilliam 
W. Wilkinson, death uncertain; George W. True (H), died Sep- 
tember 20; Marshall Bailey (H), died September 28; Hugh M. 
Bradbury (H), George J. Fuller (U), Charles H. Wentworth (U), 
Benjamin C. Lakin (I), James D. Eaton (K), John Lee (K), died 
October 9; Irvin G. Martin (K), died January 23. 
Wounded. — .Samuel Hanson (A), John Reardon (A), John G. Glen- 
dening (B), discharged ; Charles Allen (B), Benjamin Blackwood 
(B), Robert D. Bond (B), Charles Harris (B), discharged; Thos. 
L. Mayberry (B), E.lward P. VerriU (B), Henry M. Smith (C), 
discharged; John H. Doody (C), David M. Farr (C), Nils A. 
Hanson (C), Gorham P. McFadden (C), Charles H. Thayer (C), 
Charles H. Corson (D), Albert H. Hutchinson (D), Joseph La- 
gassie (C), Nicholas Somers (C), discharged; William AVaddcll 
(C), discharged; Benjamin F. Oakes (E), George A. Smith (E), 
Edward P. Warren (E), Charles 0. Milliken (E), Jerome 0. San- 
born (E), discharged ; Hugh McGlinchy (F), Osgood F. Floyd 
(G), Joseph Knight (G), James L. Merrill (G), discharged; 
Isaac Webb (11), discharged; Albert II. Johnson (I), Peter 
Cluskey (I), Thomas Murphy (I), discharged; Elmer Chipman 
(K), Ephraim T. Robertson (K), discharged. 



Total Lot,. 
Officers. -Killed, 3; wounded, 4. Total, 7. 
Enlisted .Men.— Killed, 2S; wounded, 36. Total, 04. 
Aggregate loss, 71. 

The muster-out roll of thi.s regiment sliows the following- 
nanied officers from the county of Cumberland : 

Major, Charles Walker, Portland. 

Quartermaster, William S. Dole, Westbrook. 

Chaplain, George Knox, Brunswick. 

Surgeons, Daniel 0. Perry and Josiah F. Day, Jr., 
Portland. 

Sergeant-Major, John M. Gould, Portland. 

Quartermaster-Sergeants, Charles F. King and Dana 
Hall, Portland. 

Commissary-Sergeants, William E. Davis and Robert M. 
Weeks, Portland. 

Hospital Steward, George J. Northrup, Portland. 

Principal Musicians, William Allen, Fife-Major, Gray ; 
Alpheus L Greene, Drum-Major, Portland. 

Regimental Band, Second Lieut. Daniel H. Chandler, 
Leader, Portland ; Richard T. Bailey, Bridgton ; O.sgood 
B. Webb, Bridgton ; Walter H. Thomas, Portland ; Ed- 
ward C. Webb, Bridgton ; David L. Blanchard, Cumber- 
land ; John T. Webb, Bridgton. 

Line- Officers. — Company B: Captains, James M. Black, 
Alfred L. Turner, Portland. First Lieutenants, Charles 
W. Roberts, Portland ; Benjamin F. Whitney, Windham. 
Second Lieutenants, Reuben Alexander, Cape l*Ilizabeth ; 
Charles H. Colley, Gray. 

Company C : Captain, William P. Jordan, Portland ; 
First Lieutenant, Benjamin M. Redlon, Portland; Second 
Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Whitney, Windham. 

Company D : First Lieutenant, Charles F. King, Port- 
land. 

Company E : Captains, Albert H. Estes, Cyrus Latham, 
Andrew C. Cloudman, Herbert R. Sargent, Portland ; First 
Lieutenant, John M. Gould, Portland ; Second Lieutenants, 
Joseph H. Perley, Jr., Henry F. Smith, Portland. 

Company F : Second Lieutenant, Charles H. Haskell, 
Pownal. 

Company I : Captains, Nehemiah T. Furbish, Portland ; 
Hebron Mayhew, Westbrook. First Lieutenant, Albert H. 
Johnson, Westbrook. Second Lieutenants, John T. Simp- 
son, Portland ; William Wade, Charles C. Graham, West- 
brook. 

Sergeaiils. — Company A: Nathaniel K. Walker, Portland. 

Company B : Charles H. Colley, Jr., John C. Willey, 
Charles H. Cushman, Stephen Noyes, Jr., Edward W. 
Loveitt, Leonard Eustis, Portland ; William H. Colley, 
Gray. 

Company C : Charles C. Jordan, George H. Hurd, Henry 
A. Burnham, Robert M. Weeks, Henry M. Smith, Henry 
A. Plummer, Portland ; James E. Mitchell, Yarmouth ; 
Reuben M. Riley, Harrison. 

Company E : George A. Smith, Charles S. Trowbridge, 
Theodore H. Lombard, Hiram T. Cook, Jeremiah H. Doug- 
lass, Portland. 

Company F : Isaiah S. Stevens, Yarmouth ; Samuel C. 
Cushing, Pownal. 

Company I : Hezekiah Atwood, Benjamin T. William, 



148 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Portland ; Thomas B. Mariner, Scbago ; Henry S. Babb, 
William A. Quiniby, Westbrook ; Edwin Fitcii, Brid^ton. 

Corparals. — Company B : Francis Seed, David N. Hall, 
Daniel E. Mountfort, John G. Glendening, Samuel F. 
Davey, Peter W. Gary, Oliver F. Varney, Georjie T. 
Malum, B(^njaniin G. Hoyt, Raymond; T. Wescott, Ben- 
jamin L. Blackwood, Frank F. Eustis, Portland ; William 
H. Pennell, Gray. 

Company C : William P. Hamilton, Portland ; William 
H. Coffin, Wcstbrook; Valentine R. Jackson, William W. 
Knight, Mark Rider, Francis G. Boody, George E. Kniglit, 
Charles E. Smellage, John Atcherson, Portland ; Nathan 
F. Irish, Bridgton ; Luther Briggs, Westbrook. 

Company E : Asa S. Cox, Harrison W. Smith, Clifford 
J. Trefethen, Joseph F. Mackin, Portland; William S. 
Noyes, North Yarmouth ; Amos K. Hodgdon, Windiiam ; 
Edward B. Warren, Standish ; Nclicmiah Porter, North 
Yarmouth. 

Company F: Samuel W. Lovell, Yarmouth; Lewis E. 
Pearson, Portland. 

Company H : George A. Greeri, New Gloucester. 

Company I : James L. Fellows, Wcstbrook ; Nathaniel 
D. Ripley, Portland; John W. Greely, Wcstbrook; Wil- 
liam R. Simpson, Gray ; Cyrus J. Lord, Naples ; Peter 
Ciuskey, Portland ; Cassius C. Roberts, Gray ; William H. 
Murphy, Portland ; Seth M. Keen, Harrison. 

Musicians. — Company B: Henry N.Green, Portland; 
Peter B. Waterhouse, Portland. 

Company C : Frederick Vf. Stone, David Greely Warner, 
Portland. 

Company E : Turner Cary, Portland ; Mellen Green, 
Naples. 

Company F : William II. Sewell, Portland. 

Company G: Robert H. Murphy, Portland. 

Company H : William S. Harmon, Harrison. 

Company I : Andrew J. Towle, Westbrook. 

Wuffoncrs. — Company B : Amos Meserve, Raymond. 

Company C: John N. Wiley, Bridgton. 

Company E : Joshua R. King, Portland.* 



CHAPTER XXIX. 



T'WELFTH REGIMENT. 



Organization — Col. Shepley — Butler's New England Division — Kegi- 
meutiil Movements — Recruits auj Re-cnlistt'il Mt-n. 

This regiment was organized as follows : 
Colonel, George F. Shepley, Portland. 
Lieutenant-Colonel, William K. Kimball, Paris. 
Major, David R. Hastings, Lovell. 
Quartermaster, Horatio N. Jones, Portland. 
Adjutant, Edward Ilslcy, Lewiston. 
Chaplain, Joseph Colby, Gorham. 
Surgeon, James H. Thom.son, Orono. 
Assistant Surgeon, William T. Black, Calais. 

* For roster of enlisted men, see Towns. 



Sergeant- Major, John W. Dana, Portland. 

Quartermaster-Sergeant, Charles D. Webb, Portland. 

Commi.ssary-Sergcant, Julius Drake, Portland. 

Hospital Steward, Sargent S. P. Coe, Portland. 

Company A : Captain, Gideon A. Hastings, Bethel ; 
First Lieutenant, Elbridge G. Bolton, Portland ; Second 
Lieutenant, Charles D. Webb, Portland. 

Company B: Captain, George H. Chadwell, Portland ; 
First Lieutenant, Charles F. Little, Portland ; Second Lieu- 
tenant, S. B. Wiggin, Portland. 

Company C : Captain, Charles C. B. Thornton, Scar- 
borough ; First Lieutenant, William W. Dcane, Wcstbrook ; 
Second Lieutenant, Horatio Ilight, Scarborough. 

Company D : Captain, Elisha Winter, Dixfield ; First 
Lieutenant, Henry B. Walton, Peru ; Second Lieutenant, 
C. C. Richardson, Dixfield. 

Company E : Captain, Enoch Knight, Bridgton ; First 
Lieutenant, Horace Eastman, Lovell ; Second Lieutenant, 
Hamilton S. Lovell, Windham. 

Company F : Captain, Seth C. Farrington, Fryeburg ; 
First Lieutenant, Abbott Coan, Orono ; Second Lieutenant, 
Edward H. B. Wilson, Orono. 

Company G: Captain, Moses 31. Robinson, Portland; 
First Lieutenant, Stephen B. Packard, Auburn ; Second 
Lieutenant, William B. Skillin, North Yarmouth. 

Company H : Captain, John F. Appleton, Bangor; First 
Lieutenant, Daniel 31. Phillips, Gorham ; Second Lieu- 
tenant, George Webster, Bangor. 

Company I: Captain, Menzies R. Fesscnden, Portland; 
First Lieutenant, Samuel F. Thompson, Bangor ; Second 
Lieutenant, Abram B. Coombs, Bangor. 

Company K : Captain, George Washburn, Calais ; First 
Lieutenant, James C. Cleaves, Calais ; Second Lieutenant, 
Stephen M. Eaton, Gorham. 

This regiment was raised, organized, and equipped at the 
expense of the general government, and was designated from 
the outset to constitute a portion of Maj.-Gen. B. F. Butler's 
New England Division for special service. Upon the nomi- 
nation of Gen. Butler, Hon. George F. Shepley, of Portland, 
long district attorney of the United States, and whose repu- 
tation as one of the ablest and most eloquent lawyers in New 
England is too well known to require mention here, was 
appointed colonel of the regiment. At the instance of Col. 
Shepley, William R. Kimball, of Paris, formerly United 
States marshal, was appointed lieutenant-colonel, and David 
R. Hastings, Esq., of Lovell, major. Edward Ilsley, for- 
merly of the 5th, was appointed adjutant, and Horatio N. 
Jones, ¥jS<\., of Portland, quartermaster. 

Gen. Butler and Col. Shepley being desirous that one of 
the batteries of light artillery raised in this State should be 
permanently attached to this regiment, at the request of the 
latter, Capt. Edward W. Thompson, of Brunswick, formerly 
of Company D in the 5th Regiment, was appointed to 
that command. The clothing, uniform, and e(juipnients 
and a complete outfit for this regiment were gotten up by 
Col. Shepley 's direction and under his constant supervision, 
and were eijual, if not superior, to those of any regiment 
in the service. The organization of the regiment was com- 
pleted Nov. IG, 18G1, to serve three years, and left Port- 
land for Lowell, Mass., on the 24th, where, after being 



SEVENTEENTH REGIMENT. 



149 



encamped several weeks, it embarked on board the steam- 
ship " Constitution" Jan. 2, 1862, constituling a part of 
Gen. Butler's New England Division, designed for the cap- 
ture of New Orleans. On the 19th of January they dis- 
embarked at Fortress Monroe, and on the 4th of February 
proceeded on their voyage, arriving at Ship Island on the 
12th. They remained at Ship Island until the 4th of 
May, then proceeded to New Orleans. On the 22d of 
June they participated in the expedition to Manchac Pass, 
where they engaged the enemy and suffered a loss of four- 
teen killed and several wounded and taken prisoners. Sub- 
se(|uently they returned to New Orleans, where they 
remained till the 21st of October. On that day the regi- 
ment removed to Camp Parapet, and on the 19th proceeded 
towards Baton Rouge, where they arrived on the 20th of 
December. During this march they were engaged in 
frequent skirmishes with the enemy, but met with few 
casualties. 

In the spring of 18G3, during the early stages of the 
campaign for the reduction of Port Hudson, they performed 
an important part, assisting in covering the successful naval 
movement under Farragut, which resulted in his passing 
the enemy's stronghold with his fleet, and communicating 
with the fleet above. Returning to Baton Rouge, they 
formed a portion of the expedition under Gen. Grover up 
Grand Lake, after which they partici|iatcd in the Port 
Hud.son campaign, losing sixty-eight killed and wounded. 
On the 7th of July, immediately following the surrender 
of Port Hudson, they embarked for Donaldsonville, engaged 
the enemy at that place, and there remained about a month, 
when they returned to New Orleans. From thence they 
proceeded to Ship Island to protect that post from a threat- 
ened attack from Mobile, and there remained during the 
months of August and September. They then returned to 
New Orleans, and remained until Jan. 3, 1864, when they 
formed part of an expedition to Madisonville, which place 
they occupied till the 11th of March. 

On the 12th two thirds of the regiment re-enlisted as 
veterans. On the IGth of April they were furloughed and 
came to Maine, the balance of the men, who did not re- 
enlist, remaining in New Orleans. The furloughed men 
arrived in Portland on the 27th of April, and re-assembled 
there on the 27th of May, when they left ibr New York, 
where they arrived on the 3d of June, and sailed for New 
Orleans on the 8th. Immediately upon their arrival at 
New Orleans, on the 16th, they were ordered to Carrolton, 
and from thence on the 23d to Murganzia, where thoy ar- 
rived on the following day. 

On the 3d of July they proceeded to Algiers, and on the 
13th sailed for Fortress Monroe, where they arrived on the 
2()th. From thence they proceeded to City Point, where 
they were ordered to report to Gen. Butler at Bermuda 
Hundred. Disembarking on the 21st, they proceeded on 
the same night to Gen. Butler's position, between the Ap- 
pomattox and the James Rivers, and there remained till the 
28th, when they participated in the movement of the 2d 
Corps and Gen. Sheridan's command across the James. 

On the 13th of July they were ordered to Washington, 
thence towards the Shenandoah Valley, and joined Gen. 
Sheridan's forces at Berry ville on the 17th of August. On 



the following morning they moved towards Harper's Ferry 
as far as Charlestown, and took position, remaining lili the 
21st, when they retreated to Halltown. On the 3d of 
September they proceeded up the valley, and participated in 
the battle of Winchester on the 19th, losing in the enga<'e- 
ment two commissioned officers killed and six wounded, 
twelve enlisted men killed, seventy-eight wounded, and fif- 
teen missing. They then joined in the pursuit of the en- 
emy to HarrLsonburg, where they arrived on the 25th, and 
returned to Cedar Creek on the 10th of October. They 
bore an honorable part in the action at that place on the 
I9th, in which their casualties were as follows: One com- 
missioned officer and six enlisted men killed, two conmiis- 
sioned officers and twenty enlisted men wounded, two com- 
missioned officers and fifty-one enlisted men niis,sing. On 
the 20th of October they moved to Strasburg, and .shortly 
afterwards returned to their old position at Cedar Creek, 
where they remained till the 9th of November. On that 
day, with their corps, they moved back to the northern 
bank of the Opequan. 

The regiment was mustered out of service at Portland, 
Me., on the 7th of December, 1864; the recruits and re- 
enlisted men, however, remaining in the field and being or- 
ganized into a battalion of four companies. This battalion 
was afterwards ordered to Savannah, Ga., where it was sub- 
sequently raised to a full regiment by the a.ssignment of the 
10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 16th, and 18th Companies of un- 
assigned infantry, organized at Augusta, Me., in February 
and March, 1865, to serve one, two, and three years. 



CHAPTER XXX. 

SEVENTEENTH HEGIMENT. 

Roster of Field and Staff— Line Officers— Movements at the Front- 
Return Home — Keceptiun. 

The 17th Regiment Maine Volunteer Infantry was 
made up chiefly of men from the counties of Cumber- 
land, Oxford, Franklin, York, and Androscoggin. It was 
called into existence in response to the proclamation of the 
President made on the 2d of July, 1862, calling for three 
hundred thousand volunteers to serve for a period of three 
years, unless sooner discharged. The regiment was organ- 
ized at Camp King, Cape Elizabeth, and mustered into the 
United States service Aug. 18, 1862. The field and staff 
officers were as follows : 

Colonel, Thomas A. Roberts, Portland. 

Lieutenant-Colonel, Charles B. Merrill, Portland. 

Major, George W. West, Somerville, Mass. 

Adjutant, Charles W. Roberts, Portland. 1 

Quartermaster, Jacob T. Waterhouse, Portland. 

Surgeon, Henry L. K. Wiggin, Auburn. 

Assistant Surgeon, William Weseott, Standish. 

Second As.sistant Surgeon, Paschal P. Ingalls, South 
Boston. 

Chaplain, Harvey llersey, Calais, \t. 

Sergeant-Major, Henry L. Bartels, Portland. 



150 



HISTORY OF CUxMBKRLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



QuarteniKister-Scrgeant, Charles W. Rio-liardson, Port- 
land. 

Coiuiiiis.sary-Ser<icaiit, Josiali Roiiiick, Portland. 

Ilo.spital Steward, Naliiaiiiel 15. Coleiiiiii), Portland. 

Drum-Major, John C. McArdie, Paris. 

Company A : Captain, William II. Savage, I'ortland ; 
First Lieutenant, Charles P. Mattocks, Portland ; Second 
Lieutenant, James M. Brown, Portland. 

Company B: Captain, George W. ^larlin, Portland; 
First Lieutenant, Willard M. Jenks, Fryeburg; Second 
Lieutenant, Benjamin C. Pennell, Portland. 

Company C: Captain, Augustus Goldcrman, Minot; First 
Lieutenant, Otho W. Burnluun, Poland ; Second Lieuten- 
ant, Josejih A. I'erry, Portland. 

Company D: Captain, Isaac S. Faunce, Lewiston ; First 
Lieutenant, Milton M. Young, Lewiston ; Second Lieuten- 
ant, John C. Perry, Portland. 

Company E: Captain, Ellis M. Sawyer, Cape Elizabeth; 
First Lieutenant, George W. S. Fickett, Cape Elizabeth ; 
Second Lieutenant, William Roberts, Yarmouth. 

Company F: Captain, Albion Ilersey, Augusta; First 
Lieutenant, Uriah \V. Briggs, Augusta ; Second Lieuten- 
ant, James H. Safford, Portland. 

Company G : Captain, Edward L. Merrill, Farmington ; 
First Lieutenant, Benjamin G. Ames, Pliilli|)s ; Second 
Lieutenant, Prescott Newman, Phillips. 

Company H : Captain, Almon L. Fogg, Westbrook ; 
First Lieutenant, Dudley II. Johnson, Pres(|ue Isle ; Second 
Lieutenant, Edward Moore, Portland. 

Company I: Captain, William Ilobson, Saco ; First 
Lieutenant, Putnam S. Boothby, Biddefbrd ; Second Lieu- 
tenant, James 0. Thompson, Portland. 

Company K : Captain, Andrew J. Stinson, Kittery ; 
First Lieutenant, John P. Swasey, Canton; Second Lieu- 
tenant, Madison K. Mabry, Iliram. 

The 17ih Regiment left Portland for Wasliington, D. C, 
Aug. 21. 18(52. On their arrival they occupied a line of 
forts on the east side of the Anacosta and north side of 
the Potomac until the 7 th of October, when they crossed 
into Virginia and joined Gen. Berry's brigade of Birney's 
division, participating in the battle of Fredericksburg on tlie 
13th of December, in which they lost two men killed and 
nineteen wounded. On the 15th they rcerossed the Rappa- 
hannock, and remained encamped at Falmouth, Va., until 
the 1st of May, 1SG3, when they took part in the Chan- 
cellorsville campaign, engaged the enemy on the 2d and 3d, 
and recrosscd the river on the 6th. Their casualties in the 
campaign were one commissioned officer and five enlisted men 
killed; five commissioned officers and fifty-nine enlisted men 
wounded, and forty-five taken prisoners. 

On the 2d of July they arrived at Getty.sburg, and were 
engaged with the enemy on that and the following day, 
losing in the engagement one officer and seventeen enlisted 
men killed, seven officers and one hundred and five enlisted 
men wounded, and two taken prisoners. 

On the 27th of November they took a prominent part in 
the battle of " Orange Grove," in which their loss was one 
officer killed and two wounded ; six enlisted men killed ; 
forty-two wounded and missing. On the 1st of December 
they returned to Brandy Station, and there remained en- 



camped till the 25th of Marcli, 18G4, when they were as- 
signed to the 2d Brigade, 3d Division of the 2d Army 
Corps. 

On the 3d day of May they advanced towards the Rap- 
idan, which they crossed on the 4th, and participated in 
the battle of the Wilderness on the 5th and Gth. Their 
casualties during the two days were twenty-four men killed, 
one hundred and forty-seven wounded, and twelve missing. 
Oil the 12th they participated in the charge of the 2d 
Corps upon the enemy's lines, losing three men killed, 
forty wounded, and ten missing. From this time until 
the 21st, the regiment, although under fire a large por- 
tion of the time, did not suft'er any loss. On the 23d they 
joined the 5th Corps near the North Anna River, and 
participated in a charge which resulted in driving the enemy 
across the river and gaining possession of the bridge, losing 
during the day four men killed and seventeen wounded. 

On the 2d of June they marched to Cold Harbor, and on 
the 3d and 4th were under fire in the reserve, several men be- 
ing wounded by shells. On the 5th one hundred and twenty- 
nine men were transferred to the regiment from the 3d 
Maine Volunteers. They remained in the works near 
Barker's Mills till June 12th, when they moved towards 
Petersburg, crossing the Chickahominy on the 13th and 
the James on the 14th. On the lUth they made two 
unsuccessful attempts to capture the enemy's works, in 
which their loss was seven killed, forty-eight wounded, 
and five missing; and on the 18th, in an assault upon the 
enemy's lines, they lost six men killed and eighteen 
wounded. From this time till July 25th they were en- 
gaged in erecting fortifications and doing picket duty. On 
the 26th they joined in the expedition across the Appo- 
mattox and James Rivers to Strawberry Plains, returning 
on the 28th. Subscfjuently they encamped near Fort Sedg- 
wick, where they remained till Feb. 5, 1865, in the mean- 
while taking part in the raid on the Weldon Railroad, 
under Gen. Warren. On the oth of February they moved 
to Hatcher's Run, and participated in all the movements 
and engagements of the 2d Corps in that vicinity until the 
29th of March, when they recrossed to Hatcher's Run. 
Early on the morning of the 30th they advanced upon the 
enemy in line of battle, and secured a position by throwing 
up earthworks. At night they moved to the left, and took 
position near Boy.dton Road. On the 1st of M.iy they 
left Burksville for Washington, D. C, arriving in that city 
on the 15th. 

On the 4th of June the regiment was mustered out of 
the United States service, at Bailey's Cross- Roads, by Capt. 
Charles II. Hays, A. C. M., under instructions from the 
War Department. On the day of muster-out they left for 
Maine, and arrived in Portland on the 8th, where the men 
were paid, and finally di.scharged on the 10th. The officers 
and men whose term of .service did not expire prior to 
Oct. 1, 1865, were transferred to tlie 1st Regiment of 
Maine Heavy Artillery. 

UECKPTION IN POltTLAND. 

As the train entered the depot a salute was fired, and the 
cheers of thousands rent the air. A procession was formed, 
aud moved in the following order : 




I'hotu. by Couaut, Portland, 




Gkn. Charlks p. Mattocks (Henry,' Samuel, Jr.," Sam- 
uel,5 James,* Samuel,' Charles,- James') is a descendant in 
the eighth generation from James Ifiittocks, who was born in 
Devonshire, England, and was one of the first settlers of Bos- 
ton, Mass. 

His great-grandfather, Samuel, was State treasurer of Ver- 
mont from 1786 to 1800, and his great-uncle, John Mattocks, 
was a member of Congress from Vermont, justice of the Su- 
preme Court, and Governor of the State. The family is traced 
to Middletown, Conn., Hartford, Conn., and Middlebury, Vt., 
where many of the ancestors were born and died. 

His father, Henry, born in Middlebury, Vt., Dec. 12, 1805, 
married Martha O. Porter, of Danville, Vt., in 1839. He 
was a merchant and banker. For many years he was cashier 
of the Caledonia National Bank at Danville ; was succeeded 
by his brother, Samuel, and he in turn succeeded by liis son, 
James B., the family being connected with the history of the 
bank for forty years. 

Charles P., only son of Henry Mattocks, was born at Dan- 
ville, Vt., Oct. 11, 1840. He was fitted for college at Phillips 
Academy, Andover, Mass., under Dr. Taylor; entered Bow- 
doin College in 18r>8, from which he graduated in 18G2. 

With that patriotism and manly resolution so fully developed 
afterwards upon the battle-field, immediately after the close of 
his school work, he entered the 17th Kegiment Maine Infan- 
try as first lieutenant, and participated in all the battles of the 
Army of the Potomac, from the first battle of Fredericksburg 
until the surrender of Lee, except for a period of nine months 
when he was a prisoner of war. For gallant and meritorious 
services on the field of battle he was promoted through the 
various grades of office, and in Muy, 1865, was brevetted 
brigadier-general, to date from Gen. Lee's surrender. For 
gallantry and bravery at the battles of Little Sailor's Creek 
and Amelia Springs he was brevetted from major to colonel, 
there being at that time only two instames during the war 
where a double brevet had been given at a single promotion. 
In the winter of 186-1-65 he was detached from his own 
regiment and placed in comnumd of the First Unitcil States 



Sharpshooters (Burdan's), and while in command at the bat- 
tle of the Wilderness was taken prisoner. He was held as a 
prisoner of war in the rebel prison-pens at Danville, Va., 
Macon, Ga., and at Charleston, S. C, was placed under fire as 
a hostage. He escaped from prison at Columbia, S. C, but 
was recaptured in the Smoky Mountains by the detachment 
of the Cherokee Indians then in the rebel service. He was 
afterwards confined in Danville and Libby prisons until ex- 
changed, and although not ordered to do so, he immediately, 
by permission of the Secretary of War, rejoined his regiment 
(17th Maine), and he with one other were the only two out of 
some three hundred officers exchanged at the same time who 
participated in the closing campaign. Of the original thirty- 
four officers of his regiment only five served three years, and 
of the five only Gen. Mattocks and Col. Ed. Moore escaped 
without wounds. 

Gen. Mattocks was specially mentioned in orders for gallant 
services: at the midnight charge at Chancellorsville, at the 
battles of Mine Kun and Little Sailor's Creek, and Amelia 
Springs. At the last-named place the regiment of two 
hundred and twenty men led by him charged upon the rebel 
rifle-pits, captured two stand of colors, two pieces of artillery, 
about three hundred prisoners, and a heavily loaded wagon- 
train belonging to Lee's army. 

After the close of the war he read law with Hon. Edward 
Fox, now judge of the United States District Court; entered 
Harvard Law School in 18C6, from which he graduated in 
1867, and immediately began practice in Portland, Me., where 
he has remained in the continuous jiractice of his profession. 
He was apjiointed county attorney by Governor Chamberlain, 
and elected for a full term, serving in 1871-73. 

In 1868 he entered the State Militia as captain, and in 1873 
as colonel ; he is in command of all the infantry in the State. 

Aside from his law business he carries on a large farm in 
the town of Baldwin, where his imported thoroughbred stock 
aiul the fini^ bred stock of his own raising may be seen, .second 
to none in the State. He married, June 27, 1871, Ella, 
(laughter of Augustus Kobinson, of Portlarul. 



SEVENTEENTH REGIMENT. 



151 



Phttoon of policemen. 

Cavalcade of ex-uienibers of regiment, wearing the red diamond upon 

their breasts. 

Band of the 17th United Stateii Infantry. 

Portland Conimandery of Knights Tcuijtlar. 

City authorities. 

Delegation of Burns Cluh, in Highland costume. 

Aniericnn Hose Company. 

Ocean Engine Company, No. 4. 

Company D, Kith Veteran Reserve Corps. 

Wounded of the 17th and 20th Regiments, in carriages. 

Band of the 17lh Maine Regiment. 

17lh JIaine Regiment. 

Band of the 20th JIaine Regiment. 

20th Maine Regiment. 

The procession moved through some of the principal 
streets of the city, and on the route the veterans were every- 
where received with demonstrations of enthusiasm and cheers 
of welcome. Tiie citizens were profuse in their display of 
bunting ; nearly every residence displayed the American 
colors, and many devices and mottoes of welcome. The 
public buildings, engine-houses, and stores were decorated ; 
the streets were crowded, and the city wore a gala-day ap- 
pearance. At the new city buildings an immense banner 
was suspended from the balconies, bearing the names of the 
following principal battles in which the regiment had been 
engaged : " Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Cedars, Gettys- 
burg, Wapping Heights, Auburn, Kelly's Ford, Locust 
Grove, Mine Run, Wilderness, Todd's Tavern, Po River, 
Spottsylvania Court-House, Fredericksburg Pike, North 
Anna, Tolopotomy Creek, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Hare 
House, Deep Bottom, Second Deep Bottom, Peeble's Farm, 
Hatcher's Run, Second Hatcher's Run, capture of Peters- 
burg, Amelia Springs, Little Sailor's Creek." 

RECORD OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 
We append the following record of the commissioned 
officers of this regiment belonging to Cumberland county : 

COLONELS. 

Thomas A. Roberts, Portland, commissioned colonel Aug. 19, 1862; 

discharged on account of physical dis.nbility, June 3, 1S63. 
Charles P. Mattocks, Portland, promoted from major M.ay 9, 186.^; 

mustered out with regiment, June 4, 1865. 

H Ef TEX ANT-COLON ELS. 

Charles B. Merrill, Portland, commissioned lieutenant-colonel Aug. 
19, 1862; wounded at Chancellorsville (Cedars), May 2, 1S63; 
resigned Oct. 3, 1864. 

MAJORS. 

Charles P. Mattocks, Portland, promoted from captain. Company A, 
Dec. 11, 1863; assigned to command of the 1st Berdan United 
States Sharpshooters, by order from Maj.-Gen. Birney, March 25, 
1864; captured by the enemy at the battle of the Wildcrne-ss, 
May 6, 186-1, and held prisoner of war till March 22, ISfiS; 
ajipointed brevet-colonel for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
the battle of Amelia Springs ; promoted to lieutenanl-.colonel. 

Ellis M. Sawyer, Cape Elizabeth, promoted from captain, Company E, 
Oct. 2, 1863 ; killed at the battle of Locust Grove, Xov. 27, 1863; 
not mustered. 

Edwin B. Houghton, Portland, promoted from captain. Company H, 
May 24, 1865; not mustered ; mustered out June 11,1865. 

ADJUTANTS. 

Charles W. Roberts, Portl.ind, commissioned adjutant July 30, 1862 ; 
wounded at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863; leg amputated; mustered 
out for disability, Dec. 23, 1863. 

qUARTEIlMASTEItS. 

Jacob T. Waterhouso, Portland, commissioned quartermaster July 17, 
1862 ; died at AVashington, Oct. 20, 1802. 



Josiah Remick, Portland, promoted from commissary-sergeant, Oct. 
20,1862; acting assistant quartermaster on brigade slalT; mus- 
tered out with regiment, June 4, 1805. 



iirgcon 



ASSISTANT SUUCEONS. 

William Wescott, »Standish, commissioned assistant 
1862; discharged Dec. 5, 1863. 

Nathaniel B. Coleman, Portland, promoted from liospilal 
Nov. 10, 1863; musiered out with regiment, June 4, 180: 

Cyrus D. Tuck, Brunswick, commissioned assistant surgeon 
1863: commission declined. 

James G. Sturgis, Standish, promoted from hospital steward 
1804; commissioned surgeon of 2d United States Sharps 
regiment mustered out, and Dr. Sturgis returned to tlu 
assistant surgeim ; mustered out with regiment, June 4, 



July 29, 

steward 

Jan. 4, 

Oct. 20, 
hooters ; 
c 17ib as 
1865. 



ClIAl'LAIN.S. 

Harvey Ilerscy, Portland, commissioned chaplain Aug. 23, 1862 ; 

discharged for disability. 
Jeremiah Ilayden, Raymond, promoted from priviite, Company C, 

March 26, 1863; resigned on account of physical disabilities, 

Aug. 28, 1863. 
J. F. Levering, Portland, commissioned chaplain Nov. 16, 1863; 

mustered out with regiment, June 4', 1S05. 

fOllJ'ANV A. 

0(j)^./iis.— Willi;im II. Savage, Portland, commissioned captain July 
31, 1862; resigned on account of physical disability, Dec. 4, IS62. 

Charles P. Mat'oeks, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant, Com- 
jiany A, Dec. 13, 1862 ; promoted to major. 

Fiial Linuteiinuta. — Charlis P. Mattocks, Portland, commissioned first 
lieutenant July 31, 1S62; promoted to captain. 

James M. Brown, Portland, jiromoted from second lieutenant. Com- 
pany A, Dec. 13, 1862; kilkd at battle of Locust Grove Nov. 

27, 18B3. 

James S. Roberts, Portland, promoted from second lieutenant, Com- 
l)any B, Dec. 11, 1863; killed at battle of Taylor's Bridge May 
23, 1864. 

Second Lieutenants. — James M. Brown, Portland, commissioned sec- 
ond lieutenant July 31, 1862; wounded at battle of Chancellors- 
ville, May 3, 1863; promoted to first lieutenant Company A. 

Edwin M. Houghton, Portland, promoted from first sergeant Dec. 13, 
1862; wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863; promoted to 
first lieutenant Company H. 

Grenville F. Sparrow, Portland, promoted from first sergeant Juno 
13, 1863; promoted to first lieutenant Company li. 

COMI'ANV n. 

t'a/jfaiiu.— George W. Martin, Portland, commissioned captain July 

31, 1S62; resigned April 27, 1803. 
Benjamin C. Pennell, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant .-Vug. 

15, 1863: killed in action before Petersburg June 7, 1804. 
Grenville F. Sparrow, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant June 

28, 1804 ; mustered out with regiment June 4, 1805. 

First lieulenaiila. — Benjamin C. Penntll, Portland, commissioned first 
lieutenant Dec. 5, 1862; promoted to captain. 

William H. Green, Poithind, promoted from second lieutenant Aug. 
15, 1863 ; promoted to captain Company G. 

Grenville F. Sparrow, Portland, promoted from second lieutenant. 
Company A, Dec. 11, 1803; promoted to captain. 

William H. Sturgis, Standish, promoted from second lieutenant, Com- 
pany C, June 28, 1804; appointed brevet captain for gallant and 
meritorious conduct at battle of Amelia Springs; mustered out 
with regiment June 4, 1865. 

Second Lieiitciianle. — Benjamin C. Pennell, Portland, commissioned 
second lieutenant Aug. 19, 1804; promoted to first lieutenant. 

William 11. Green, Portland, promoted from sergeant Dec. 5, 1802; 
wounded at Gettysburg July .3, 1803 ; promoted to first lieutenant. 

William II. Sturgis, Standish, promoted from sergeant. Company H, 
Dec. 11, 1863; transferred to Company C; promoted to first lieu- 
tenant Company B. 

James S. Roberts, Portland, promoted from sergeant Aug. 20, 1863; 
promoted to first lieutenant Company A. 

COMPANV r. 

Ciiplalnii. Edward Moore, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant 

Nov. 10, 1863; mustered out with regiment June 4, 1865. 



152 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTS, MAINE. 



f'irat Licnlcnniilt. — Edward Moore, Portland, promoted from second 
lieutenant. Company If, March 2, ISB.'i; promoted to captain. 

Edward H. Crie, Portland, promoted from second lieutenant, Company 
E, April 21, 1864; promoted to captain Company H. 

Second LleuleiiinilH. — Joseph A. Perry, Portland, commissioned second 
lieutenant July 21, 1802; appointed mustoring-officor for the 
regiment at Camp King; promoted to first lieutenant Company 
F. 

William H. Stnrgis, Standish, transferred from Co. B : promoteil to 
first lieutenant Co. \l. 

COlirANV 1). 

Coptithitt. — .John C. Perry, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant 
May 22, 1SU3; wounded before Petersburg June 16, 1864; dis- 
charged on account of wounds Sept. 1-4, 1864. 

First LienleiiniiiH. — John C. Perry, Portland, promoted from second 
lieutenant Oct. 21, 18C2; promoted to captain. 

Newton Whitten, Portland, promoted from second lieutenant; wounded 
at Gettysburg July 2, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve 
Corps on account of wounds Deo. 23, 1863. 

James M. Webb, Westbrook, promoted from second licotcnant. Co. K, 
Jan. 1.3, 1865; wounded at battle of Amelia Springs April 6, 
I860 ; leg amputated ; qiustered out with regiment .June 4, 1S65. 

Second Lieutenants. — John C. Perry, Portland, commissioned second 
licutinant Aug. 19, 1?62; promoted to first lieutenant. 

Newton Whitton, Portland, promoted from sergeant Feb. 5, 1862; 
promoted to first lieutenant. 

Stephen GralTam, Portland, promoted from sergeant May 22, 1863; 
wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863; discharged Nov. 28, 1864. 

Charles G. Ilolyoke, Yarmouth, promoted from sergeant-major May 
24, 1805; not mustcrcl; mustered out with regiment June 4, 
1SC5. 

CIIMI'ANV K. 

6V<;)(rt/)i«.— Ellis M. Sawyer, Capo Elizabeth, connuissioncd explain 

Aug. 18, 1862; promoted to miijor. 
William II. Green, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant Doc. 11, 

1862; transferred to Company G. 
First LienlcniinlK. — George W. Fickett, Cape Elizabeth, commissioned 

first lieutenant Aug. 8, 1862; died Sept. 24, 1862. 
Frederick A. Sawyer, Portland, promoted from second lieutenant Nov. 

10,1862; wounded at Locust Grove Nov. 27, 1863; discharged 

for disability Sept. 24, 1864. 
Second Lieutenants, — AVilliam Roberts, Yarmouth, commissioned 

second lieutennnt Aug. 19, 1862 ; transferred to Company G. 
Frederick A.Sawyer, Portland, promoted from sergeant Feb. 11, 1863; 

promoted to first lieutenant. 
Herman Q. Mason, Portland, promoted from first sergeant Nov. 10, 

1863; cimimission declined. 
Edward II. Crie, Portland, promoted from sergeant-major Feb. 16, 

1864 ; promoted to first lieutenant Company C. 

COME'.VXy F. 

Captains, — Joseph A. Perry, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant 
Aug. 15, 1863: mustered out with regiment June 4, 1805. 

First I.ientenants. — Joseph A. Perry, Portland, promoted from second 
lieutenant. Company C, March 2, 1863; proiuoted to captain. 

Henry I/. Bartels, Portland, promoted from second lieutenant March 
10, 1864; wounded at battle of Wilderness May 6, 1864; dis- 
charged on account of wounds Oct. .3, 1864. 

Second Lienlcnunlo. — James M. Safford, Portland, commissioned 
second lieutenant .\ug. 19, 1862; resigned. 

Henry S. Bartels, Portland, promoted from sergeant-major Aug. 15, 
1863; promoted to first lieutenant. 

Jordan M. Hall, Caaco, promoted from sergeant April 21, 1861; 
wounded before Petersburg June 16, 1804 ; discharged on account 
of wounds Oct. 1, 1864. 

COM PAX V G. 

C<ip(<ii""».— William II. Green, Portland, transferred from Company 
E; appointed brevet-major for gallant and meritorious conduct 
at battle of Amelia Springs A])ril 6, 1S05; mustered out with 
regiment June 4, 1865. 

First />i>ii/c>inii(».— William Roberts, Yarmouth, ])romoted from 
second lieutenant. Company E, Dec. 1, 1862; discharged for 
disability Aug. 5, 1863. 



COMPANY 11. 

C'ipiniiiH. — .\lman L. Fogg, Westbrook, commissione 1 cap'ain Au:;. 

19, 1802 ; wounded at (iettysburg July 2, 1863 ; died from wounds 
July 7. 1863. 

Edwin B. Houghton, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant Nov. 
10, 1863; acting assistant inspector-general on brigade and di- 
vision staff; wounded at Spottsylvania May 12, 1864. 

Edward II. Crie, Portland, promoted from first lieutenant. Company 
C, May 4, 1865; not mustered; mustered out with roginicnt Juno 
4, 1865. 

First /yien(e«fiii(8.— Edwin B. Houghton, Portliind, promoted from 
second lieutenant. Company A, June 13, ISO.'i; promoted to cap- 
tain. 

Joseph S. Hobbs, Falmouth, promoted from second lieutenant Oct. 

20, 1862; promoted to first lieutenant Company C. 

Second Lieutenants. — Edward Moore, Portland, commissioned second 

lieutenant Aug. 19, 1S02; promoted to first lieutenant, Com- 

I)any C. 
Raljdi II. Day, Westbrook, promoted from sergeant March 2, 1863; 

resigned May 20, 1863. 
George A. Whidden, AVestbrook, priimoted from sergeant Aug. 15, 

1863 ; promoted to first lieutenant, Company I. 
Joseph S. IIobb.s, Falmouth, promoted from sergeant. Company A, 

April 21, 1864; wounded at battle of Wilderness, May 6, 1SC4; 

wounded before Petersburg, Sept. 10, 1864; promoted to first 

lieutenant. 
Horace B, Cummings, Portland, promoted from corj)or;il Feb. 9, 

1865; mustered out with regiment June 4, 1865. 



First Lieutenants.— .Tames 0. Thouijison, Portland, transferred from 
Company K; promoted to captain, Company K. 

George A. Whidden, Westbrook, promoted from second lieutenant. 
Company 11, Dec. 11, 1863 ; woumled in action before Petersburg, 
Oct. 24, 1864; promoted to captain. Company K. 

Second Lienteuants. — James 0. Thompson, Portland, commissioned 
second lieutenant Aug. 19, 1862; promoted to first lieutenant, 
Com)iany K. 

Thomas Snowman, Portland, promoted from sergeant Jan. 25, 1865; 
musteied out with regiment June 4, 1865. 



Captains. — James 0. Thompson, Portland, commissioned captain 
Aug. 19, 1862; resigned Oct. 3, 1862. 

George A. Whidden, Westbrook, promoted from first lieutenant. Com- 
pany I, Oct. 20, 1864; not mustered owing to disability on ac- 
count of wounds received in action; discharged Jan. 28, 1865. 

First Lieutenant. — James 0. Thompson, Portland, commissioned 
first lieutenant Feb. II, 1863; wounded at Chaneellorsville, May 
3, 1863; promoted to adjutant. 

Second Lieutenant. — James M. Webb, Westbrook, promoted from ser- 
geant. Company H, Oct. 20, 1804; promoted to first lieutenant, 
Company D. 



CHAPTER XXXI. 

TWENTY-PIFTH AND TWENTSr-NINTH HEOI- 
MENTS. 

Organization and Movements — Oflicers from Cumberland County in 
the Twenty-fifth— Organization and Movements of the Twenty- 
ninth — Official Record. 

TWENTY-FIFTH RF.aiMF,NT. 

This regiment was organized at Portland, Sept. 29, 1862, 
to serve nine luuntli.s. On tlie IGth of October tlicy left 
for Wasliington, D. C , arriving in that city on tlio IStli. 
Having been assigned to the Sd Brigade of Casey's di- 
vision, they moved on the 2()lh to a eamping-ground ou 
Arlington Heights, on the north side of Columbia turn- 
pike, imuiediately iu front of the line of earthworks fur 



TWENTY-FIFTH KEGIMENT. 



153 



the defense of Washington. There they remained till 
March 24, 1863, continually engaged in guarding Long 
Bridge on both sides of the Potomac, and in building forti- 
fications. On the 24th of March they moved to Chantilly, 
Va., on the Little River Turnpike, and there remained en- 
gaged in picket duty till the 26tli of June, 18li3, when 
they returned to Arlington Heights. On the 30th of June 
they started for Maine, and arrived at Portland on the eve- 
ning of July 3d. On the 10th of July the regiment was 
mustered out of the United States service by Capt. Francis 
Fessenden, 19th United States Infantry, and the men paid 
and finally discharged on the same day. 

The following is the final record of the officers of this 
regiment who served from Cumberland County : 

Colonel, Francis Fessenden, Portland. 

Lieutenant-Colonel, Charles E. Shaw, Portland. 

Major, Alexander M. Tolman, Portland. 

Quartermaster, Henry Pennell, Gray. 

Assistant Surgeon, Cyrus K. Bowker, Raymond. 

Assistant Surgeon, Wm. H. True, Freeport. 

Chaplain, Edward B. Furbish, Portland. 

Sergeant-Major, George 0. Gosse, Portland. 

Quartermaster-Sergeant, Fi-eeman H Clark, Portland. 

Commissary-Sergeant, William Graham, Jr., Westbrook. 

Hospital Steward, Charles K. Packard, Raymond. 

Drum-Major, Samuel D. Dean, Westbrook. 

Members of the Band* — S. T. Brown, Sebago ; William 
Brown, Sebago ; John E. Brooks, Yarmouth ; Ama.sa F. 
Cummings, Brunswick ; J. J. Doughty, Windham ; Chas. 
P. Graves, Portland ; Albion K. P. Grant, Westbrook ; 
Woodbury S. Libby, Gray ; Charles G. Milner, Portland. 

Company A. — Frank L. Jones, Captain, Portland ; Geo. 
H. Abbott, 1st Lieutenant, Portland; Charles B. Hall, 2d 
Lieutenant, Portland ; Sergeants : Cyrus H. Ilsley, Port- 
land; Frederick H. Small, Portland; Charles M. Dyer, 
Westbrook ; Edward C. Swett, Portland ; Charles R. 
Shaw, Portland ; Corporals : Charles 0. Cole, Portland ; 
Charles E. Sowerby, Portland ; Luther W. Dana, Port- 
land ; George W. Lowell, Portland ; Frederick A. Paine, 
Portland ; Timothy Mahony, Yarmouth ; Albert G. Gale, 
Portland ; Nicholas E. Boyd, Portland ; Charles F. Cum- 
mings, Horace 0. Davis, Musicians, Portland. 

Company B. — p]dward N. Greely, Captain, Falmouth ; 
Levi M. Prince, 1st Lieutenant, Portland; HoUis R. Mount- 
ford, 2d Lieutenant, Cumberland ; Sergeants : Edward 
Schoonmaker, Portland ; George H. McKenney, Portland ; 
John D. Hademan, Portland ; Charles B. Strout, Portland ; 
Charles K. Waterhouse, Portland; Corporals: James A. 
Tracy, Portland ; Byron Leighton, Portland ; Benjamin 
Bishop, Portland ; Horatio Greely, Cumberland ; George 
F. Coe, Portland ; Frederick W. Hatch, Portland ; Augus- 
tus H. Prince, Portland ; Musicians: Nathaniel B. Wilson, 
Falmouth ; Charles A. Ring, Portland. 

Company C. — Charles H. Doughty, Captain, Gray ; 
Whitman Sawyer, First Lieutenant, Raymond ; George F. 
Andrews, Second Lieutenant, Otisfield ; Sergeants: Henry 
T. Simpson, Gray ; Samuel P. Cummings, Gray ; Joseph 



^" Mustered as br; 
Jan. 28, 1863. 
20 



I band of 1st Brigade, A l)ercrombii 



Spiller, Raymond ; George Hoyt, Naples ; Mark K. Morse, 
Otisfield ; Corporals : David Lawrence, Gray ; William C. 
Dickey, Gray; Joseph II. Goff, Gray; Washington Cash, 
Raymond ; Anson J. Holden, Otisfield ; Albert E. Hall, 
Naples ; James M. Jordan, Raymond ; Otis L. Lathan, 
Musician, Gray ; Elbridge Wight, Wagoner, Otisfield. 

Compiiny D. — Chester A. Greenleaf, Captain, Bruns- 
wick ; David Pennell, First Lieutenant, Harpswoll ; Alfred 
D. Stetson, Second Lieutenant, Brun.swick ; Sergeants : 
Charles J. Noyes, Brunswick ; Benjamin L. Dennison, 
Brunswick; William H. Stimson, Brunswick ; Corporals: 
Charles J. Perkins, Brunswick ; Elias D. Pierce, Bruns- 
wick ; George L. Randall, Harpswell ; Joseph G. Richards, 
Brunswick ; Charles L. York, Brunswick ; Abizer F. Snow, 
Mu.siciiin, Brunswick ; Daniel H. Nudd, Wagoner, Bruns- 
wick. 

Company E. — Elisha Newconib, Captain, Westbrook ; 
George B. Stevens, First Lieutenant, Westbrook ; Edmund 
P. Merrill, Second Lieutenant, Westbrook; Sergeants: 
Frank G. Stevens, Westbrook ; Dominions C. Wakefield, 
Westbrook ; Moses G. Roberts, Westbrook ; Edward K. 
Kollock, Westbrook ; John W. Newton, Westbrook ; Cor- 
porals : Mark P. Waterman, Westbrook ; Joel S. Wood- 
bury, Westbrook ; Silas H. Cram, Westbrook ; Benjamin 
F. Bixby, Westbrook ; Freeman T. Merrill, Westbrook ; 
Alpheus Fogg, Scarborough ; Nathan L. Huston, West- 
brook ; William C. Stevens, Scarborough ; Musicians: J. 0. 
Quinby, Edward R. Harmon, Westbrook ; John Meserve, 
Wagoner, Westbrook. 

Company F. — Thomas W. Harris, Captain, Gorham ; 
Samuel T. Johnson, First Lieutenant, Windham ; Charles 
Jones, Second Lieutenant, Windham ; Sergeants : Webb 
Hall, Windham ; Clinton B. Hooper, Windham ; Peter 
Stewart, Windham ; William W. Colley, Gorham ; Sumner 
C. Bolton, Windham ; Corporals : Elias R. Howard, Gor- 
ham ; George L. Cobb, Windham ; Enos B. Hale, Gorham ; 
Joseph S. K. Swett, Gorham ; Carlyle W. Shaw, Gorham ; 
Franklin Hanson, Windham ; Ai Bolton, Standish ; Ivory 
Phillips, Gorham ; Horace M. Davis, Musician, Portland ; 
Charles E. Emory, Wagoner, Windham. 

Company G. — George W. Randall, Captain, Freeport ; 
John C. Kendall, First Lieutenant, Freeport; Alvan F. 
Bucknam, Second Lieutenant,Yarmouth ; Sergeants: Henry 
C. Brewer, Freeport ; Albert Gooding, North Yarmouth ; 
Robert W. Sherman, Freeport; Nathaniel W. F. Sweetsir, 
North Yarmouth ; Corporals : William P. Kendall, Free- 
port ; John D. Mann, Freeport; Abraham N. Rowe, North 
Yarmouth ; William E. Bucknam, Yarmouth ; Edward 
P. S. Andrews, Freeport ; Albion Ward, Freeport ; Charles 
A. Pride, Cumberland ; Mark M. Mitchell, Freeport ; Ben- 
jamin F. Hamilton, John Hamilton, Musicians, North Yar- 
mouth ; Arthur Johnson, Wagoner, Freeport. 

Company H. — Charles C. Chase, Captain, Portland; 
John H. Knight, First Lieutenant, Portland; P^benezer 
Hutchinson, Second Lieutenant, Cape Elizabeth ; Sergeants : 
William C. Brooks, Portland ; Frank S. Winslow, Yar- 
mouth ; Alfred H. Whitmore, Portland; Charles S. Jor- 
dan, Portland ; Almon L. Chase, Portland ; Corporals : 
John N. Ellingwood, Cape Elizabeth ; David Y. Harris, 
North Yarmouth ; Henry H. Westcott, Portland ; William 



154 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



A. Steele, Portland ; Joseph Mann, Portland ; Asa F. 
York, Yaimoutli ; George F. Hitchings, Jr., Portland; 
John MuLcod, Portland ; Thomas J. Long, Mu.sician, Port- 
land ; Charles B. Kennoy, Musician, Cape Elizabeth; Na- 
than G. Nash, Wagoner, Windham. 

Company I. — Ezekiel Westcott, Captain, Cape Eliza- 
beth ; Edmnud W. Dyer, First Lieutenant, Cape p]lizabeth ; 
John P. Carswell, Second Lieutenant, Pownal ; Sergeants: 
George E. Brown, Cape Elizabeth ; Thomas H. Haskell, 
New Gloucester; Zadoc A. Rowe, New Gloucester; Ed- 
ward I. Woodbury, Cape Elizabeth ; Augustus C. Staples, 
Cape Elizabeth ; Corporals : Edward H. Grover, New 
Gloucester; Gideon Burbank, Cape Elizabeth; Henry P. 
Miller, Cape Elizabeth ; Eldwin Roberts, Cape Elizabeth ; 
Joshua Brackett, Cape Elizabeth ; Hiram Staples (2d), Cape 
Elizabeth ; Alexander Higgins, Scarborough ; Simon Foye, 
Musician, Scarborough ; Eugene S. Palmer, Musician, Cape 
Elizabeth ; John S. Wright, Wagoner, Cape Elizabeth. 

Company K. — Samuel L. Davis, Captain, Standish ; Asa 
C. Palmer, First Lieutenant, Gorham ; Seba S. Brown, 
Second Lieutenant, Baldwin ; Sergeants : Isaac D. Sawyer, 
Standish ; John W. Sanborn, Standish ; George A. Hunt, 
Gorham ; William S. Phinney, Sebago ; John H. Frasier, 
Portland; Corporals: Edward Harding, Gorham; Eiisha 
Douglass, Gorham ; Edward R. Wentworth, Sebago ; Thomas 
F. Storer, Sebago ; Samuel Dingley, Gorham ; Joseph Files, 
Jr., Gorham ; Augustus S. Hutchinson, Standish ; John 
Meserve, Sebago ; Benjamin F.Shaw, Mu.sician, Sebago; 
George N. Gurney, Musician, Baldwin ; James Phinney 
(2d), Wagoner, Gorham. 

TWENTY-NINTH REGIMENT. 

This regiment, with the exception of Companies A and D, 
was organized at Augusta, Me., from Nov. 13, 1863, to 
January, 1864, to serve three years. Companies A and D 
were transferred from the 10th Maine Battalion, then ser- 
ving with the 12th Army Corps in Tennessee, and joined 
the remainder of the regiment at New Orleans, La. The 
regiment left Augusta, Jan. 31, 1864, and embarked at 
Portland, February 2d, on board the steamship " De Molay," 
for New Orleans, at which place it arrived on the 16th. 
On the 20th they left Algiers for Brashear City, thence 
proceeded to Franklin, arriving on the 21st, and were as- 
signed to the 2d Brigade, 1st Division, 19th Army Corps. 
On the 15th of March they left for Alexandria, on the 
Red River ; arrived there on the 25th, and lay in camp till 
the 29th, when they were transferred to the 1st Brigade. 
On the 8th and 9th of April they were engaged in the 
battles of Mansfield and Pleasant Hill, La., and rendered 
most effective service. Subsequently they retreated with 
the army to Grand Ecore, La., which they reached on the 
11th. On the 23d they assisted in driving the enemy at 
Cane River Crossing, and reached Alexandria, La., on the 
25th. They remained at that place until May 12th, and 
while there assisted in building the famous dam which 
saved the fleet. On the 13th of May they proceeded to- 
wards the Mississippi River, which they reached on the 
20th, and on the 22d went into camp at JNIorganzia Bend, 
where they remained until July 2d, on which day they left 
for New Orleans, reaching that city on the 3d. On the 



5th they left in steamship " Clinton," for Fortress Monroe, 
Va., arriving on the 12th, when, being ordered to Wash- 
ington, they marched to Harper's Ferry, Va., and partici- 
pated in all the marches and movements of the Army of 
the Shenandoah, including the battles of Winchester, 
Fisher's Hill, and Cedar Creek, in all of which they ren- 
dered most effective service. On the 18th of October, 
1864, Company A, Capt. John Q. Adams, transferred from 
the 10th Maine Battalion, was mustered out and discharged 
from the United States service, its term of service having 
expired, and its place was filled by the first company of un- 
assigncd infantry, Capt. Edward S. Butler, organized at 
Augusta, Me., to serve one year from Sept. 16, 1864. 

On the 1st of January, 1865, the regiment was encamped 
near Stevenson's Depot, Va., attached to the 1st Brigade, 
1st Division, 19th Army Corps, and from March 31st to 
April 19th were occupied chiefly in marching to given 
points for special service. On the 20th they took cars for 
Washington, D. C, and on the 4th and 5th of May did 
guard duty at Washington Arsenal over the assassins of 
President Lincoln. On the 23d they participated in the 
grand review at Washington with the Army of the Potomac. 

On the 31st of May, Company A (Capt. Butler), one 
year's men, and all whose term of service expired prior to 
Oct. 1, 1865, were ordered to be mustered out of the United 
States service. 

On the 1st of June the regiment embarked at Alexan- 
dria, Va., on board steamship " Ariel," for Savannah, arri- 
ving there on the 5th, and on the 14th and 15th proceeded 
to Georgetown, S. C. The regiment was divided into de- 
tachments, and occupied the following stations, all in South 
Carolina, viz. : railroad bridge on the Pedec River, Kings- 
tree, Marion, Florence, Darlington, and Society Hill, with 
headcfuarters at Darlington. Their duties were arduous, 
and con.sisted in part in assisting in the making of contracts, 
and investigating the complaints made by freedmen and 
planters. On the 27th of March, 1866, they were ordered 
to Hilton Head, S. C, which they occupied, with detach- 
ments at St. Helena Island and Seabrook, until June 2l8t, 
when the regiment was mustered out of the United States 
service by Lieut. H. S. French, A. C. M. Department of 
the Carolinas. On the following day they embarked on 
board steamer for New York, arriving on the 25th at Hart's 
Island, New York Harbor, where, on the 28th of June, 
the men were paid and finally discharged. 

Thefollowingcommi-ssioned officers served in this regiment 
from Cumberland County: John M. Gould, major. Portland, 
resigned March 24, 1866; Alpheus L. Greene, adjutant, 
Portland; Josiah F. Day, Jr., surgeon, Portland; Corne- 
lius D. Maynard, quartermaster-sergeant, Poi'tland; Frank- 
lin H. Eaton, sergeant-major, Portland ; William E. St. 
John, commissary-sergeant, Portland ; Samuel H. Jumper, 
New Gloucester, sergeant-major; Jacob J. Hammond, 
Westbrook, principal musician; Benjamin M. Redlow, 
captain Company B, Portland ; William P. Jordan, captain 
Company C, Portland ; Henry M. Smith, second lieutenant 
Company C, Portland; Charles C. Graham, first lieutenant 
Company D, W&stbrook ; Charles H. Haskell, Pownal, 
second lieutenant Co. D; Cyrus T. Waterhouse, Portland, 
second lieutenant Company E. 



THIRTIETH REGIMENT. 



155 



CHAPTER XXXII. 



THIRTIETH REGIMENT. 



ffioers from Cumberhind Cuunty— The Re 
Officers from the County in other Reg! 
Ilome Guards. 



iient in the Service — 
ents and Batteries — 



The following were the commissioned ofEcers of the 30th 
Regiment from Cumberland County : Francis Pessenden, 
Portland, colonel, promoted to major-general ; George \V. 
Randall, Freeport, lieutenant-colonel ; John C. Kendall, 
Freeport, adjutant, promoted to captain Company E ; Ciiarles 
F. Larrabee, Portland, adjutant ; Francis H. Coffin, Port- 
land, quartermaster; Thomas II. Breslin, Portland, assist- 
ant surgeon, died June 17, 186-1; George E. Moulton, 
Westbrook, captain Company B ; Whitman Sawyer, Ray- 
mond, captain Company C ; George W. Randall, Freeport, 
captain Company E ; John C. Randall, Freeport, captain 
Company E ; Levi M. Prince, Portland, captain Company 
F ; Frank L. Jones, Portland, captain Company I ; Royal 
T. Nash, Gray, captain Company K; Henry Green, Free- 
port, first lieutenant Company B ; Henry T. Simpson, Gray, 
first lieutenant Company C ; Abraham N. Rowe, Yarmouth, 
first lieutenant Company E ; Henry B. Cleaves, Bridgton, 
first lieutenant Company F ; Charles B. Ball, Portland, first 
lieutenant Company I ; Franklin E. Holmes, Portland, 
second lieutenant Company B ; George A. Green, New 
Gloucester, second lieutenant Company H ; Burrett H. 
Beale, Portland, second lieutenant Company H ; William 
H. Motley, Portland, second lieutenant Company I. 

The 30th Regiment was organized at Augusta, Me., from 
Dec. 12, 1863, to Jan. 8, 1864, to serve for three years, and 
on the 7th of February left for Portland, where they em- 
barked on board steamer " Merrimac" for New Orleans, ar- 
riving in that city on the 16th. On the 18th they moved 
by railroad from Algiers to Brashear City, and thence by 
steamer up Bayou Teche to Franklin, where tjiey were as- 
signed to the 3d Brigade, 1st Division, 19th Army Corps. 
From February 19th to March 14th, inclusive, they re- 
mained encamped at Franklin, and on the 15th entered 
upon the Red River campaign. On the 8th of April they 
took an honorable part in the battle of Sabine Cross-Roads, 
and on the 9th in that of Pleasant Hill. Their lo.9S in 
both engagements was eleven killed, sixty-six wounded, and 
seventy-one missing. Tiiey afterwards retreated towards 
Grand Ecore, which place they reached on the 11th. On 
the 21st of April they resumed the retreat, and the 23d 
took a most prominent part in the engagement at Cane 
River Crossing, from which position — considered almost im- 
pregnable — they drove the enemy. Their casualties in tliis 
engagement were two officers and ten enlisted men killed, 
two officers and sixty-seven enlisted men wounded, and seven 
enlisted men missing. On the 25th of April they reached 
Alexandria, La., and on the 13th of May continued the re- 
treat towards tlie Mississippi River, whicli they reached on 
the 22d. They remained encamped at Morganzia Bend 
until the 2d of July, when they embarked for New Orleans, 
thence on the 11th for Virginia. On the 18th they reached 
Fortress Monroe, and were immediately sent to Deep Bot- 
tom, where they were employed in picket duty and in raising 
temporary earthworks. From Deep Bottom they were trans- 



ported to Washington, whence they marched to Harper's 
Ferry, Va. 

During the latter part of Augu.st and early in Septem- 
ber they participated in the numerous nmvements of the 
Army of the Shenandoah. In September their brigade was 
detached from its division, and so continued till October 26th. 
Although in this interval the regiment was engaged in ar- 
duous and responsible duties, it failed to .share the glory of 
Gen. Sheridan's battles and victories in September and 
October. On the 26th of October they rejoined their di- 
vision at Cedar Creek, Va., thence, on the 9th of Novem- 
ber, moved to a position between Kearnstown atid Newton, 
and on the 30th of December went into camp at Stevenson's 
Depot, four miles north of Winchester. 

Soon after the 1st of January, 1865, they moved and 
occupied Winchester, Va., where, on the 8th of January, 
they were joined by three companies formed of the re-en- 
listed men and the recruits of the 13th Maine Volunteers, 
and which had been assigned to their regiment by special 
order Nov. 18, 1864. The consolidation was completed in 
the month of January, under the immediate orders of Gen. 
Sheridan, the 30th being formed in seven companies and 
retaining the field and stafi' officers without change. The 
men of the 13th Maine were organized into a battalion of 
three companies, commanded by officers of their own regi- 
ment. The two battalions were' then united and the con- 
solidation effijcted by the muster-out of five commissioned 
officers of the 30th and a few non-commissioned officers of 
both regiments. The companies of the 13th were lettered 

B, H, and K in the new organization. They remained at 
Winchester till the 10th of April, when they proceeded 
towards Washington, reached that city on the 21st, and on 
the 26th encamped in the vicinity of Fort Meigs, where 
they remained till the 2d of June. In the mean time they 
formed a part of the line of sentinels stationed around 
Washington until after the capture of the assassins of Presi- 
dent Lincoln, and subsequently did guard duty at the 
Washington Ar,senal, where the trial of the con.^pirators 
was being held. On the 22d of May they took part in the 
grand review of the Army of the Potomac, and on the 2d 
of June were transferred from the 3d Brigade, 1st Division, 
19th Corps, to the 2d Brigade, .same division, with which 
they left on the 30th for Savannah, Ga., arriving in that 
city on the 7th of July. They remained on duty at Sa- 
vannah till the 20th of August, when the regiment wa.s 
mustered out of the United States service, on which day 
they left for Maine, arriving on the 24th at Portland, 
where the men were paid and finally discharged on the 
29th. 

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS FROM CUMIiEKLAND COUNTV IN 
OTHER REGIME.NTS AND BATTERIES. 

First Rejimeiii District of Columbia Cavalry. — Thomas 

C. Webber, Gorhani, Captain ; Charles C. Chase, Portland, 
Captain ; James Maguire, Portland, Fii-st Lieutenant. 

Second Battery Mounted Artillery. — Samuel Paine, Sr., 
Portland, First Lieutenant ; Samuel Fessenden, Sr., Port- 
land, Second Lieutenant ; Charles E. Stubbs, New Glouces- 
ter, Second Lieutenant. 

First Veteran, Infantry. — Ai Waterhousc, Gorham, As- 



156 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



sistaiit Surgeon ; J. Augustine Grenier, Portland, Second 
Lieutenant Co. B ; Jo.seph E. Walker, Portland, Captain 
Co. D ; Lemuel C. Small, Brunswick, Second Lieutenant 
Co. U. 

Uome Gup.rd, Co. B. — Thomas Connor, Portland, Lieu- 
tenant ; James Staples, Portland, First Lieutenant ; James 
F. Staples, Portland, Second Lieutenant. 

Sixth liegiment Infantry. — Zenas Thompson, Deering, 
Chaplain. 

Seventh liegiment Infantry. — William M. Cusliman, 
Portland, Captain ; Charles H. (iilniaii, Portland, Captain ; 
George B. Knight, Portland, Lieutenant ; Joseph E. 
Walker, Portland, Lieutenant. 

Eighth liegiment Infantry. — Charles E. Howard, Port- 
land, Lieutenant; Thomas S. Hutehins, Portland, Lieu- 
tenant. 

Ninth liegiment liifanlry. — Kisworth Rich, Portland, 
Colonel; James Furbish, Portland, Adjutant ; Charles F. 
Weeks, Portland, Captain ; Joshua G. Ross, Portland, Com- 
missary-Sergeant ; John L. P^mcrson, Portland, Lieutenant ; 
Henry A. Gray, Portland, Lieutenant. 

Eleventh Regiment Infantry. — William M. Shaw, Port- 
land, Major; Charles J. Pennell, Portland, Adjutant; 
Woodbury Pennell, Portland, Captain ; John M. Beal, 
Portland, Lieutenant ; Royal T. Nash, Portland, Captain ; 
Albert Maxfield, Windham, Captain; Charles H. Scott, 
Portland, First Lieutenant ; Charles 0. Lamson, Bridgton, 
Second Lieutenant ; Joseph F. Keene, New Gloucester, 
Second Lieutenant. 

Fourteenth Regiment Infantry. — Wm. Westcott, Stan- 
dish, Assistant Surgeon ; George H. Cheney, Portland, 
Captain. 

Fifteenth Regiment Infantry. — Charles S. Ilsley, Port- 
land, Captain ; Lawrence J. Joyce, Brunswick, Captain ; 
John C. Cobb, Windham, Lieutenant ; Francis 0. S. Howe, 
Standish, Lieutenant ; John Fitzgerald, Brunswick, Lieu- 
tenant. 

Twentieth Regiment Infantry. — -Joshua L. Chamberlain, 
Brunswick, Colonel, promoted to Brigadier-General ; John 
M. Brown, Portland, Adjutant, promoted to Captain Co. A 
and A. A. G. ; Abner O. Shaw, Portland, Surgeon ; Wm. 
W. Morrill, Brunswick, Captain, killed May 8, 18()4 ; 
Howard L. Prince, Cumberland, Captain ; George W. Fur- 
bish, Portland, First Lieutenant ; James H. Nichols, Bruns- 
wick, First Lieutenant ; Joseph Fuller (2d), Brunswick, 
First Lieutenant. 

Twenty-third Regiment Infantry. — -Horace C. Little, 
Bridgton, Captain ; Henry B. Cleaves, Bridgton, First Lieu- 
tenant; Grauville Fernold, HarrLson, Second Lieutenant. 

Twenty-seventh Regiment Infantry. — Edward M. Rand, 
Portland, Adjutant. 

Thirteenth Regiment Infantry. — Ncal Dow, Colonel, Port- 
land ; Frederick Speed, Adjutant, Gorhaui ; Seth C. Gor- 
don, A.ssistant Surgeon, Gorham ; Henry D. Moore, Port- 
land, Chaplain ; Charles R. March, Portland, Captain ; Isaac 
F. Quimby, Westbrook, Captain ; Augustine Clough, Port- 
land, Lieutenant ; Isaiah Randall, Portland, Lieutenant ; 
John H. Sherburne, Portland, Lieutenant ; Aaron Wing, 
Westbrook, Lieutenant; George E. Moulton, Westbrook, 
Lieuteuant. 



Thirty-first Regiment Infantry. — John H. Kendall, 
Bridgton, Surgeon ; Henry S. B. Smith, Brunswick, As- 
sistant Surgeon ; Herbert R. Sargent, Portland, Captain 
Company C ; Thomas P. Reals, Portland, Captain Company 
H ; Henry G. Mitchell, Portland, Second Lieutenant Com- 
pany H. 

Thirty-second Regiment Infantry. — John M. Brown, 
Portland, Lieutenant-Colonel ; John H. Kendall, Bridgton, 
Surgeon, transferred to 31st; Henry S. B. Smith, Bruns- 
wick, Assistant Surgeon, transferred to 81st; Herbert R. 
Sargent, Portland, Captain, transferred to 31st; Jo.seph B. 
Hammond, New Gloucester, Captain Company D; George 
H. Chadwell, Portland, Captain Company H ; Thomas P. 
Beals, Portland, Captain Company H, transferred to 31st 
Regiment ; Charles F. Burr, Freeport, First Lieutenant Com- 
pany C ; Henry G. Mitchell, Portland, Second Lieutenant 
Company H, transferred to 31st Regiment. 

First Regiment Cavalry. — -John Goddard, Colonel, Cape 
Elizabeth ; Eu.stis Bigelow, Quartermaster-Sergeant, Port- 
laud ; Nathan Mayhew, Captain, Portland ; Stephen Booth- 
by. Lieutenant, Portland ; John H. Goddard, Lieutenant, 
Portland ; Jarvis C. Stevens, Lieutenant, Portland. 

Sharpshooters. — James D. Fessenden, Portland, Captain. 

Fifth Battery Mounted Artillery. — George F. Leppien, 
Portland, Captain ; William F. Twitchell, Sr., Portland, 
First Lieutenant ; Ezra Clark, Jr., Portland, Second Lieuten- 
ant; Edward N. Whittier, Gorham, Second Lieutenant; 
Charles 0. Hunt, Gorham, Second Lieutenant. 

Seventh Battery Mounted Artillery. — Lorrin E. Bundy, 
Portland, First Lieuteuant. 

Unassigned Companies. — Aaron Ring, Westbrook, Cap- 
tain ; George L. Fickett, Portland, Captain ; Newman Smith, 
Brunswick, First Lieutenant ; Henry Green, Freeport, First 
Lieutenant ; J. Frank Kendall, Bridgton, First Lieutenant ; 
Joseph W. Doughty, Windham, First Lieutenant; Frederick 
D. Lovell, Portland, Firet Lieutenant ; Charles Bennett, 
Bridgton, Second Lieutenant ; Horace Wilson, Gorham, 
Second Lieutenant ; Giliuan Webster, Portland, Second 
Lieutenant. 

Sixteenth Infantry. — George W. Edwards, Gorham, 
Second Lieutenant Company B ; Henry P. Herrick, North 
Yarmouth, Second Lieutenant Company D ; Thomas C. 
Wentworth, Gorham, Captain Company F ; Oliver H. 
Lowell, Gorham, First Lieutenant Company F. 

First Regiment Heavy Artillery. — Thomas H. Talbot, 
Portland, Lieutenant-Colonel. 

First Regiment Maine Cavalry. — John II. Goddard, 
Portland, First Lieutenant Company E ; Stephen Boothby, 
Portland, Captain Company F ; Walstein Phillips, First 
Lieutenant Company F ; William F. Stone. Second Lieu- 
tenant Company II. 

Sixth Battery First Mounted Artillery. — Edwin B. Dow, 
Portland, Captain ; Orville W^. Merrill, Portland, Second 
Lieutenant; Jeremiah Gardnier, Portland, Quartermaster- 
Sergeant. 

Second Regiment Sharpshooters. — Daniel L. Cumniings, 
Portland, First Lieutenant. 

Fourth Infantry. — Seth C. Hutehins, Windham, Sur- 
geon ; Solomon S. Stearns, Portland, First Lieuteuant Com- 
pany F. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



167 



Nineteenth Infantry. — Almon Goodwin, Baldwin, Second 
Lieutenant Company C. 

Second Cavalry. — Rodolph L. Dodge, Portland, Second 
Lieutenant Company C. 

HOME GUARD. 

It was deemed necessary that the city of Portland and 
its commerce should be afforded some protection from the 
depredations of privateers, and Capt. James Staples' com- 
pany of Home Guards was placed in occupation of Port 
Scanimel, commanding the entrance to the harbor, in July, 
18G1. They occupied this station till the 13th of Sep- 
tember, 1862, when, in accordance with orders from the 
War Department, they were mustered out and discharged 
from the United States service. 

During the pendency of the draft, Capt. John M. Beal's 
company of State Guards — a most efficient military organi- 
zation at Portland, well armed and equipped by the State — 
were by General Order No. 8, of June 27, 1863 (which 
received the subsequent approval of the Secretary of War), 
called into service upon the requisition of Hon. Jacob JVIc- 
Lellan, mayor of the city, and remained in active duty at 
Portland and vicinity as a picket guard upon the shores 
adjacent to the ship channels, guarding all the approaches 
to the inner harbor, and partially manning the incomplete 
fortifications until Aug. 19, 1863, when they were mustered 
out of the service by General Order No. 16, of that date. 
Some sixteen privates and three non-commissioned officers 
of this company were retained in the service as a guard at 
the State Arsenal, and for occasional picket duty elsewhere, 
until the 15th of September, when they were finally dis- 
charged from further active duty. 

During the draft of 1863, the counties of Cumberland 
and York constituted the First Military District, with head- 
quarters at Portland. C. H. Doughty, provost-marshal ; 
Edward S. Morris, commissioner; Theodore M. Jewett, 
M.D., surgeon. 



CHAPTER XXXII L 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

The " Tacony" Affair — Quarters and Camps — Bounties — Relief for 
Soldiers' Families — The Draft. 

THE TACONY AFFAIE. 
"The prompt and vigilant action on the part of the civil 
authorities in capturing the officers and crew of the rebel 
bark ' Tacony,' in the harbor of Portland, on the 26th of 
June, 1863," says the adjutant-general of the State, " forms 
one of the most brilliant pages in the history of the war, 
and will ever be remembered as a gallant and praise- 
worthy afifair." We extract the following account of this 
transaction from the Adjutant-General's Report for 1863, 
pages 15 to 23, inclusive : 

" The commander of the ' Taoony' was Lieut. C. W. Read, a commis- 
sioned officer of the rebel navy. For some time he had pursued his 
depredations on the coast, when, learning that Federal cruisers were 
after him, and fearing recognition, he captured, June 24th, the fishing 



schooner 'Archer,' of Southport, ninety ton.s, and after transferring 
everything to her, burned the 'Tacony.' The 'Archer' was then 
headed for Portland for the purpose of cutting out the United States 
revenue cutter, ' Caleb Cushing,' lying in the stream, and of destroy- 
ing the uncompleted United States gunboats ' Pontoome' and ' Aga- 
wam,' moored at Franklin wharf, as well as other shipping in the 
harbor. While on the way, two fishermen of Falmouth, — Albert P. 
Bibber and Elbridge Titcomb, — who were hauling their trawls in a 
small boat about eight miles to the southeast of Daroariscovc Island, 
were captured by Read, whose intention was to use them as pilots, but 
they refused to serve, and were shortly afterwards confined below. 

"About sunset the ' Archer' camo to anchor to the ea-'tward of 
Pomeroy Rock, off Fish Point in Portland Harbor. At this place the 
rebel cruisers remained, waiting for the hour to arrive when they 
should carry their daring enterprise into execution. The clearness of 
the night, it is believed, deterred them from accomplishing the whole 
of their audacious purpose. Between the hours of one and two 
o'clock they approached the 'Caleb Cushing' with muflled oars. She 
was heavily armed, provided with two months' provisions, and was 
under order to cruise in search of the ' Tacony' ; but on account of 
the illness and death of her commander, Capt. George Clark, she was 
delayed until the arrival of a new commander, and was in charge ot 
Lieut. Davenport. 'Ihe cutter was boarded on each side by Read and 
his companions, who were armed with revolvers and cutlasses. No 
sooner were they on deck than they quickly seized and ironed the 
watch. The unusual noise that occurred aroused Lieut. Davenport 
from his slumber, who, as he came uptm deck, was seized, together 
with the crew, about twenty in number, all of whom were ironed and 
placed below. Having obtained possession of the cutter, the anchor 
was weighed, being unable to ship cable, and at about three o'clock 
she was towed out of the harbor by placing two boats ahead. — pro- 
ceeding seaward by the way of Hussey's Sound, thus avoiding the 
forts, — followed by the 'Archer,' which sent a boat to her containing 
Bibber, who was placed on board. Read passed through the passage 
between Cow Island and }Iog Island, standing out to sea by Green 
Islands. At ten a.m. he was about fifteen miles from the city, when 
the wind died away and left him becalmed. 

"The seizure of the cutter was first made known about half-past 
seven o'clock, when she was discovered proceeding outward, from the 
Observatory on Munjoy Hill. The news circulated like wild-fire, and 
in a short time tlie city was wild with excitement. Hon. Jedediab 
Jewett, collector of the port, was promptly informed of the loss of 
the cutter, and with characteristic energy he immediately com- 
menced making preparations for the pursuit. The steamer 'Forest 
City,' Capt. Liscomb, and a smaller steamer called the ' Casco,' to- 
gether with the steam-tug ' Tiger,' were chartered by that gentleman. 
A detachment of thirty men from the 17th United States Infantry at 
Fort Preble was placed aboard the ' Forest City,' besides two rifle 
twelve-pounders with a sufficient quantity of ammunition. About 
one hundred citizen volunteers went aboard. The steamer was placed 
under the charge of Robert A. Bird, Esq., deputy collector of the 
port, assisted by Lieut. Merriman, who had arrived that morning to 
take command of the cutter. A detachment from the 7th Maine Vol- 
unteers, under Adjt. Nickerson, was placed aboard the 'Tiger.' 
While these preparations were going on, Mr. Jewett proceeded to 
charter the New York stoiimship 'Chesapeake,' Capt. Willetts, which 
he found had already been spoken for by Hon. Jacob McLellan, 
mayor of Portland, and J. B. Brown, Esq., and under the direction 
of the mayor, assisted by Mr. Wm. F. Leighton, naval inspector, was 
being put in readiness for pursuit. Bales of cotton were so dis|>osed 
as to afford protection to those on her deck, as well as to her engines. 
Two si.\-pounders from the State Arsenal were placed forward, and 
put under the charge of Lieut. George Waldrun, of the revenue 
service, and Mr. George J. Berry, United States Naval Engineer, 
who selected as larboard gunner J. L. Gardiner, a volunteer who had 
seen service with Farragut on the Mississippi River, and John C. 
Camber, of Company G, 7th Regiment, an old man-of-war's man, to 
whom was given charge of the starboard gun. William Bigelow and 
William Turnbull, two volunteers, were also designated as assistant 
gunners. Col. Mason, of the 7th Regiment Maine Volunteers, with 
a detachment of twenty-seven men from the same regiment under 
Capt. Henry Warren, also went aboard, together with a number of 
patriotic citizens, who volunteered their services, and who were fur- 
nished with arms by Mayor MoLellan, and placed under the command 
of Mr. F. R. Harris, by order of Col. Mason. Plenty of ammunition, 



158 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



together with provisions for forty-eight hours, were talicn on boiird. 
William Willard and Alfred S. Lcighton were directed to serve as 
pilots. The command of the ' Chesapeake' was given to Mr. William 
F. Lcighton. 

" In the mean time the ' Forest City' had taken her departure, leav- 
ing Fort Preble at about eleven o'clock. The tug ' Tiger' followed 
closely after. The cutter was seen heading southeast. When the 
' Forest City' came within range, Lieut. Read opened upon her with 
one round cartridge from his thirtytwo-pounder amidships, but with 
no effect. lie also fired si.\ round shots at her from his twenty-four- 
pound howitzer forward, each of which .shots fell .short. No flag was 
shown by him. The 'Forest City' then laid to, waiting for the 
' Chesapeake' to come up. 

"The course of the 'Chesapeake,' after she left the wharf, was 
southeast; but when the first gun was fired Mr. Lcighton, after con- 
sultation with Col. Mason, concluded to steer for the cutter and at- 
tempt to run her down. The guns were ordered to be shotted, and 
those on board were assigned to their positions. The fifth shot from 
the cutter brought a response from the ' Chesapeake.' It was pro- 
nounced a beautiful line shot, and elicited the praise of those on 
board, but it fell short. 

" The ' Forest City' then moved slowly towards the ' Chesapeake,' 
when the latter slackened her speed, and, after a brief consultation, 
it was decided that the 'Chesapeake' should run the cutter down, the 
' Chesapeake' being a propeller and better prepared. 

"Under a full head of steam the ' Chesiipeake' proceeded directly 
for the cutter, the air ringing with the cheers of those on board, 
echoed back with patriotic fervor by those on board the ' Forest City.' 
Steadily she kept on her course until within two miles of the cutter, 
when a boat was seen lowered from the cutter freighted with men, 
who were supposed to be boarders, and preparations were accordingly 
made to receive them. At the same time another shot came skipping 
over the water, which fell short. The boat, on approaching nearer, 
was found to contain Lieut. Davenport and the cutter's crew, who 
had been set adrift with their irons on. On their being taken aboard 
and placed below another shot came from the cutter, and the grape 
went shrieking through the rigging of the ' Chesapeake' witii but 
trifling injury. The blind and window of Capt. Willett's room on the 
upper deck, between the fore and mainmasts, were also perforated by 
two minie-balls, which, it is supposed, were fired at Mr. Lcighton 
about this time, who afibrded a prominent mark while standing on the 
upper deck. At this crisis the rebels abandoned the cutter, after hav- 
ing fired her, taking to the two boats. The ' Chesapeake' ran within 
half a mile of the cutter, but not deeming it prudent to approach 
nearer, as it was known that the fire was directly over the magazine, 
she stood away, keeping, however, in that vicinity. 

" Meanwhile the ' Forest City' pursued the two boat-loads of rebels, 
who were making for the Harpswell shore, overhauling them and 
taking them prisoners without any resistance. .She also picked up 
Bibber, who had been set adrift in his boat when the cutter was off 
Cod Ledge. 

'• At two o'clock the magazine of the cutter, containing four htnidred 
pounds of ])Owder, exploded with a terrible concussion. The fate of 
the 'Caleb Cushing' being decided, the exjiedition returned to the 
city. On the way the ' Archer,' with the remaining three of the * Ta- 
cony's' crew and Titcomb, the captured fisherman, was caught by the 
< Forest City,' while she was trying to escape, and taken in tow. All 
of the rebel prisoners, numbering twenty-three, were landed at Fort 
Preble, where they were placed in close confinement, 

" The brilliant achievement of the e.tpedition was honored by the 
ringing of bells and firing of cannon, and the wharves and every 
available point wore alive with people on its arrival, who indulged in 
other joyous demonstrations. 

" The prompt and efficient action of Collector Jewett merited the 
warmest approval of Hon. S. P. Chase, Secretary of the Treasury. In 
an autograph letter to Mr. Jewett the Secretary writes: 

[copy.] 
"Treasduy Dkpartme.nt, July 3, 1S03. 
"Sir : I have received and read with great interest your detailed 
report of the seizure of the cutter ' Cushing,' and the measures taken 
by you for her recapture. 

"Your promptness and efficiency, resulting in the capture of the 
piratical rebels and their vessel, imd the liberation of Liout. Daven- 



port and the crew of the cutter, merits and receives my entire appro- 
bation and earnest thanks. I request you to convey also to Col. 
Mason and the volunteers under his command, to the commander of 
Fort Preble, and to the officers of the steamers employed, my thanks 
for the service so promptly rendered at your request. 
'* I am very respectfully, 

"S. P. Chase, 
" iSecrelary of the Trcusurij, 
" Jeoediah Jewett, 

" Cotkrtoi; d-c, Portland, Me." 

"At a meeting of the city government of Portland, July 6th, a 
resolution passed both branches, tendering the thanks of the City 
Council to William F. Leighton, United States Navy; George J. 
Berry, United States Navy ; Col. M. E. Mason, of the army, and his 
command; Capt. Willetts, of the steamer 'Chesapeake'; Capt. Lis- 
comh, of the steamer ' Forest City,' and to all others engaged in the 
enterprise, for their most valuable services in the successful attack on 
the pirates who seized the cutter ' Caleb Cushing,' in which attack the 
pirates not only lost their prize, but were themselves ca])tured with 
the vessel to which they had transferred their most necessary weapons 
of offense, with which they intended to pursue their nefarious depre- 
dations upon our commerce. 

" The following is a list, as far as I have been able to obtain, of 
those citizens who volunteered their services on the ' Chesapeake' : 
John Green, F. B. Furlong, S. S. Murray, II. C. AVood, Edward 
Grafi'am, C. K. Babb. N. J. Miller, Jr., 0. M. Marratt, J. W. Brack- 
ett, S. W. Prince, William Leavitt, M. McBride, VI. H. McAllister, 

E. Efner, Charles Gordon, II. E. Ham, F. C. Emery, D. M. Patch, F. 
Robinson, George Newell, J. S. White, T. C. Lewis, Henry Foy, C. 
Marwiok, W. E. S. Whitman (reporter Daily Evcuiuy Cuueler), W. H. 
Fessenden, F. V. Carney, J. M. Gould, Howard Gould, Clarence Ab- 
bott, E. 0. Haile (reporter Daily Artjun), Henry Fo.\, J. G. Lewis, C. 
S. Akers, Ed. Hall. J. S. Winslow, Frederick Ilsley, James Doughty, 

F. R. Harris, Charles Knapp, J. L. Gardiner, W'illiam Bigelow, Wil- 
liam Turnbull, J. C. Camber, H. B. Brown, Rev. J. W. Levering. 

" I have been unable to obtain a list of those on the * Forest City.' 

" The following is a list of the cutter's men captured by the rebels : 
Lieut. Davenport, George R. Plummer, Byron S. Blish, Robert P. 
Davis, Samuel A. Prince, John Avilline, Peter Warren, Benjamin 
Ashby, John Matson, George McCarty, George H. Rand, Edward 
Mahomey, Edward J. AV. Morris, Charles Wilson, Henry Finnegan, 
Dickson Wesoott, John Hayes, John Collins, Thomas Hefran, Alex- 
ander Hayden, James Bush. 

"On reaching the 'Archer,' the twelve-pounder brass howitzer, 
which was on board the ' Tacony,' was found, together with arms and 
ammunition ; also the burgee of the ' Tacony,' with the name upon it, 
and other flags belonging to that vessel ; also the chronometer, and a 
tin case containing vessels' papers, charts, log-book, and private jour- 
nals, giving operations of the 'Tacony.' Two barrels of beef were 
also found. 

" AVhen Lieut. Read was taken, he delivered to Capt. Liscomb, of 
the ' Forest City,' his private carpet-hag containing papers, registers, 
etc., of the various vessels he had captured, inclosed in a tin ease. 
Over $300,000 worth of bonds given by the various vessels he had 
captured were recovered."* 

In a letter written by Lieut. Read, while at Fort Preble, 
to Lieut. Babson, confined in Fort Lafayette, he says, — 

" It was my intention when I came to Portland to cut out a sea- 
going steamer, but strange to say, at the decisive moment, Mr. Brown 
(whom you will remember in connection with the breaking down of 
the 'Arkansas' engine) declared himself incompetent to work the en- 
gines of the steamer unless he had another engineer to ca-operato 
with him. All my jilans were thus crushed, and I was compelled to 
take the cutler out as a dernier reason. If there had been a brceie 
we would have been far out at sea before daylight, having committed 
considerable destruction in the harbor of Portland." 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Under the head of " Quarters," the adjutant-general, in 
his report for 1861, remarks, — 

* For list of vessels taken by him see Adjutant-General's Report, 
1863, pages 21, 22. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



159 



"The municipal authorities of Portland, from the commencement 
of military operations, promptly offered the State the use of so much 
of their new and splendid city building as was necessary to initiate 
and carry forward to completion all such organizations as it was 
deemed advisable to rendezvous at or near that locality. The 1st, 5th, 
6th, 10th, and 12th Regiments were thus accommodated with head- 
quarters for the various stall" duties. The 1st Regiment, upon its return 
to Portland, was there mustered out of service, aud the 2d Regiment, 
Col. Jameson, was quartered there one night on its way to Washing- 
ton. This occupation was unavoidably more injurious to the prem- 
ises than that of almost any other character ; hence the greater obli- 
gation of the Slate to that city for its prompt appreciation of the 
necessities of the service and its liberal provision for the emergency." 



BOUNTIES. 

Returns of bounties paid for enlistment of soldiers by the 
several towns of the county of Cumberland under calls for 
troops by the President from the outbreak of the Rebellion 
to Feb. 1, 1864, are as follows: 

Baldwin .$10,0011.00 

Bridgton 19,880.00 

Brunswick 31,400.00 

Cape Elizabeth 31,700.00 

Casco 7,500.00 

Cumberland 18,686.83 

Falmouth 18,232.49 

Freeport 22,070.00 

Gorham 32,515.00 

Gray 20,095.00 

Harpswell 7,750.00 

Harrison 7,977.00 

Naples 9,069.00 

New Gloucester 12,500.00 

North Yarmouth 12,380.00 

Otisfleld 12,1(10.00 

Portland 184,136.00 

Pownal • 9,410.00 

Raymond 9,800.00 

Scarborough 17.030.00 

Sebago 8,250.00 

Standish 20,690.37 

Westbrook (including Deering) 42,000.50 

Windham 28,645.00 

Yarmouth 16,905.00 

Total for county $610,912.19 



AID TO soldiers' FAMILIES. 
The following statement shows the amount furnished by 
the several towns of Cumberland County for soldiers' fami- 
lies under the Acts of March 19, 18G2, and March 25, 
186,3, as per records of the executive council. 

Baldwin $856.24 

Bridgton 2,007.51 

Brunswick 6 451.42 

Cape Elizabeth 2,774.11 

Casco 932.32 

Cumberland 920.57 

Falmouth 1,028.63 

Freeport 2,080.69 

Gorham 3,858.71 

Gray 585.96 

Harpswell 1,305.89 

Harrison 479.65 

Naples 1,040.40 

New Gloucester 1,620.70 

North Yarmouth 107.4" 

Otisfleld 176.16 

Portland 30,339.73 

Pownal 439.44 

Raymond 1,550.77 

Scarborough 1.834.55 

Sebago 217.17 

Standish 1,463.16 

Westbrook (including Deering) 5,902.75 

Windham 2,387.16 

Yarmouth 1,930.85 

Total for county $72,294.01 

DRAFT FROM JULY, 1863, TO JANUARY 1, 1864. 

This county was included during the draft in the first 
Congressional district, with headquarters at Portland. The 
district was divided into sub-districts corresponding with 
the towns, and numbered alphabetically. 

Board of Enrollment. — Charles H. Doughty, Provost- 
Marshal ; Edward S. Morris, Commissioner ; Tiieodore 
Jewett, M.D., Surgeon. 

There were drafted in this county 1883 men ; 357 fur- 
nished substitutes, 83 paid commutation, and 24 entered 
the service. The balance, 1415, were exempted for disa- 
bility and other legal causes. 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



Portland is tlic chief commercial city of the State of 
Maine, and the seat of justice of Cumberland County. It 
is situated upon a neck of land about throe miles long and 
three-fourths of a mile in average width, nearly surrounded 
by water, having in front of it, in Fore River, the finest 
harbor on the coast, and in its rear. Back Cove, a body of 
water also accessible to shipping at high tide. The islands 
attached to the city comprise an aggregate area of nearly 
8000 acres, viz.: Peaks, 750 acres; Long, 912; Bangs, 
266 ; House, 20 ; Great Diamond (otherwise Hog Lsland), 
468 ; Little Diamond, 80 ; Crotch, the part appertaining to 
the city, 114 ; Hope, the city's portion, 2 ; Little Chebeague, 
80 (the remainder of the island, about 20 acres, being at- 
tached to Cumberland) ; Jewels, 221 ; Cow, 28 ; Ram, 18 ; 
Marsh, 14 ; Crow, Overset, Pumpkin, Knob, and Green 
Islands might add 20 acres more. The geographical posi- 
tion of the custom-house in the city, as determined by the 
United States coast survey in 1874, is latitude 43° 39' 
28" north, and longitude 70° 15' 18" west from Greenwich. 

Portland was incorporated as a city in 1832, after having 
passed through two hundred years of eventful experience 
from the date of its first settlement, having been twice de- 
stroyed by the Indians and once burned by the British. It 
owes its original settlement in 1632 to a contest in regard to 
the title to land at the mouth of the Spurwink River, between 
Winter, as the agent of Trelawny, on the one part, and 
George Cleaves and Richard Tucker on the other. Winter 
succeeded in the Provincial Court in sustaining the title of 
Trelawny, and the ejected parties sought refuge upon the 
Neck, now Portland. This Neck, Cleaves declared, " was 
known first by the name of Machigonne, being a neck of 
land which was no man's possession or occupation, and 
therefore he seized upon it as his own inheritance by virtue 
of a royal proclamation of our late sovereign lord King 
James, of blessed memory, by which he freely gave unto 
every subject of his which should transport himself over 
into this country, upon his own charge, for himself and for 
every person he should transport, 150 acres of land." He 
further declared that he continued the occupation from year 
to year, under this possession, without interruption or de- 
mand from any, at the end of which time, being " desirous 
to enlarge his limits in a lawful way, addressed himself to 
Sir Ferdinando Gorges, the proprietor of this province, and 
obtained, for a sum of money and other considerations, a 
warrantable lease of enlargement, bounded as by relation 
thereunto had, doth, and may appear." 

This statement is made in an action which Winter 
brought against Cleaves in 1640, to recover possession of 
this tract too, claiming the whole under a grant to Tre- 
lawny ; in this he failed, and Cleaves was left in full posses- 
sion. This is the origin of Portland, which was first called 
160 



Cleaves' Neck, then Munjoy's Neck, and sometimes Casco 
and Old Casco, from its position on Casco River and Bay. 
The lease referred to bears date January 27th in the 
twelfth year of the reign of Charles I., whose reign began 
March 29, 1625, which would make the date Jan. 24, 1637. 
It is an indenture "betweenSirFerdinandoGorges, of Ashton 
Phillipes, in the county of Somerset, Knight, of the one 
party, and George Cleaves, of Casco, in the province of 
New Somerset, in New England, in America, Es(juire, and 
Richard Tucker, of Casco, aforesaid, Gent., of the other 
party." It recites the consideration of £100. The fol- 
lowing is the description of the premises : 

"All that part, inirpart. and portion of lauil in America, parcel of 
New England in Amoriea, hereafter in these presents described, . . . 
that is to say, that part, etc., of lands beginning at the furthermost 
point of a neck of land called by the Indians Machigonne, and now 
and forever henceforth to be called anil known by the name of Sto- 
gummor, and so along the same westerly as it tendcth to the first fall 
of a little river issuing out of a very small pond, and from thence 
over land to the falls of Presumsoa, being the first falls on the river 
upon a straight l\ne, containing, by estimation, from fall to fall, near 
about an English mile, which, together with the said neck of land 
that the said George Cleaves and the said Richard Tucker have plant 
for divers years now expired, is estimated in the whole to be 1500 
acres or thereabouts, as also one island adjacent to the said premises, 
and now in the tenor and occupation of the said George Cleaves and 
Richard Tucker, commonly called and known by the name of Hogg 
Island." 

The term of the lease was two thousand years, by paying 
the yearly rent of two shillings the hundred for every hun- 
dred acres. Possession was given June 8, 1637, by Arthur 
Mackworth, who lived on the point at the mouth of Pre- 
sumpscot River, which, with the island opposite, are called 
Mackey's, a corruption of his name. 

This lease is the origin of the titles to a large portion of 
this domain, containing, it is apparent, much more than 
1500 acres, as held at this day. Cleaves, on his return 
with his lease, brought over his son-in-law, Michael Mitton, 
with his family, and leased to him 60 acres under authority 
from Gorges, — Peaks (then called Pond) Island, at the 
mouth of the harbor; and afterwards, Jan. 1, 1651, con- 
veyed to him 100 acres of land at Clark's Point on the 
Neck, "adjoining his dwelling-house, which he had pos- 
sessed for ten years." And in 1658 he conveyed to him 
a further tract, beginning at the point of rocks where 
Sawyer's wharf was built, and extending west to his other 
purchase and across to Back Cove. 

Cleaves and Tucker parcelled out their lands to various 
persons on the Neck, at Back Cove, and on the Presump- 
scot, under whom it is now, in many cases, held, particu- 
larly and most prominently the Bramliall title, embracing 
the hill at the western end of the Neck, which bears his 
name ; the Brackett title, extending from Bramhall's down 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



IGl 



below High Street, and stretching across the town ; and 
the Munjoy title, covering the promontory at the eastern 
end of the Neck nearly up to India Street. The first of 
the original deeds is from Cleaves to Hope Allen, dated 
May 23, 1U60, from whom the property came to George 
Branihall, who lived and carried on a tannery under the 
hill, and who was killed there by llie Indians in the second 
Indian war. The original deed from Cleaves of Munjoj' 
Hill is dated September, 1659, and was made to John 
Phillips, of Boston, whose only daughter, IMary, George 
Munjoy married about 1652. Munjoy, wlio came from 
Boston, was an accomplished man, and fur many years an 
most active and useful citizen, and a magistrate of the town. 
His family held the property until the resettlement of the 
town in 1718, when they sold it to some speculators who 
were then purchasing old titles. Tiie Brackett tide de- 
scended from Cleaves, whose only daughter, Elizabeth, 
married Michael Mitton. Mitton's daughter, Anne, married 
Anthony Brackett, and his daughter, Mary, Thomas Brack- 
ett, Anthony's brother, whose descendants retained a large 
portion of the property until after the Revolution, parting 
with it gradually as the wants of the town pressed upon it. 
Thomas Brackett was killed near his dwelling-house, in the 
neighborhood of Clark's Point, in 1676, by the Indians, 
and Anthony by the same enemy, on his farm at Back 
Cove (since the Peering farm) in 1689. Thaddeus Clark, 
from whom Clark's Point derives its name, came from 
Ireland, married Elizabeth, another daughter of Michael 
Mitton, and lived near the Point. His eldest daughter, 
Elizabeth, married Capt. Edward Tyng, distinguished in 
the liistory of Mas.sachusetts, and his youngest, John 
Graves. Mitton had but one son, Nathaniel, who was killed 
by the Indians, unmarried, and thus the name became ex- 
tinct. But the blood of the first settlers flows through in- 
numerable and honored channels scattered far and wide 
through the country. 

George Cleaves erected his house fronting the Bay just 
east of India Street, and his cornfield stretched westerly to 
near Clay Cove. In his deed to Phillips we have the fol- 
lowing description : 

"All that tract, parcel, or Neck, in Casco Bay, and now in pos- 
Bcssiun of me, the said George Cleaves, on wbich lay dwelling-house 
stundeth, by the luetcs and bounds herein expressed; that is to say, 
to begin at the point of land commonly called Machigunne, and be- 
ing northeasterly from ray said bouse, and so along by the water side 
from the house southwesterly to the southwest end of my cornlicld." 

George JIunjoy lived a little east.* Phillips did not 

» The following deposition given by John Allisct in Boston, May 
6, I73G, states some interesting facts on this subject: "John Allisct, 
aged about eighty years, testifyeth and saith, that he formerly lived 
in Falmouth, in Casco Bay, and that he well knew Mr. George Cleaves 
and Mr. George Munjoy, and Mary his wife, with whom he lived 
eight years, and that there is a certain run of water about tiventy 
rods distant from the Fort I'uint, lying about north from the said Fort 
I'oiut. That he well remembers that George Cleaves bad a house and 
lived therein, which was upon the northerly side of said run of water; 
that be also well remembers that there was a meeting-house built on 
a point of Mr. Munjoy's land, bearing about northeast or easterly 
from Mr. Munjoy's house.'' 

The magician's wand has touched all those old spots. The "run 
of water" referred to was carried down to the beach in an aqueduct 
for the supply of vessels. The I'ortland Company's Works took the 
place of the old " meeting-bouse," which stood on Jordan's I'oint. 

21 



come here to re.side : he, in connection with Munjoy, car- 
ried on a large business in lumber, and the latter pureha.sed 
an extensive tract at Saccarappa, including the falls there, 
which was afterwards called the Cooper Claim. Phillips 
was a merchant in Boston, and deacon of the Old North 
Church ; he died there in 1683. 

The name of Falmouth was given to the town by the 
commissioners of Massachusetts, in July, 1658, when that 
province extended her jurisdiction over the western part of 
Maine. They say " Tliosc places formerly called Spurwink 
and Casco Bay, from the east side of Spurwink River to 
the Clapboard Lslands, in Casco Bay, shall run back eight 
miles into the country, and henceforth shall be called by 
the name of Falmouth." This conventional name could not 
and did not supersede the familiar Indian names by which 
particular spots are designated, such as Spurwink, Purpoo- 
due, Capisic, Saccarappa, and Casco. 

Previous to the firet Indian war, in 1675, the settlements 
increased with considerable rapidity ; by 1660 they had 
extended from Jlartin's Point on the Presumpscot, which 
took its name from Richard Martin, its earliest occupant, 
round Back Cove to Fore River. At Purpooduc were the 
Phippens, Whites, Stannafords, Pcnlcys, and Walliscs ; at 
Spurwink, the Jordans, with their ancestor. Rev. Robert, 
at their head, who married Winter's only child. On the 
Neck, which had not so many advantages for agriculture, 
and which was occupied by large proprirtors, these were 
fewer iu numbers. Cleaves occupied the eastern extremity, 
Milton's family the western, and Tucker the central part. 

At the commencement of that war there were over forty 
families in the whole town, five or six of whom were upon 
the Neck, viz., Thomas Brackett, Thaddeus Clark, George 
Munjoy, John Munjoy (his son), George Burroughs (the 
minister), Elizabeth Harvey (the daughter of Cleaves), 
who had married a second husband after the death of Mit- 
ton, who was also dead, and who died herself in 1682. 
The Muiijoys occupied the eastern end of the Neck, and 
' Brackett and Mrs. Harvey the western end ; a portion of 
the central part was swampy and covered with bushes and 
trees, and furrowed with gullies ; on anotlier portion George 
Burroughs lived. Cleaves at this time was dead; his last 
appearance was iu November, 1666, and lie probably died 
soon after at a very advanced age. In 1662 he states his 
wife's age to have been eighty-seven. Tucker had moved 
to Portsmouth, N. H., where his widow, Margaret, was liv- 
ing in 1681, in which year she made a conveyance to her 
"randson, Nicholas Hodge, by which it is inferred that her 
daughter married a Hodge, and that Ann Hodge, of New- 
bury, the wife first of Phineas Jones and afterwards of 
Jabez Fox, was a descendant from Richard Tucker; so 
that his blood is mingled with that of the Foxes, Waitcs, 
etc. here, who still occupy a portion of the land which 
their ancestor first opened to civilization. Michael Hodge, 
of Salisbury, mariner, in 1742 conveyed to Phineas Jones 
a tract of land on the Neck, and therein recited that he was 
the " only representative said Richard Tucker hath." The 
descendants of Ann Hodge, through her daughters, Hannah 

The " Fort Point" rcferre I to was the point at the foot of India Street, 
where stooi Fort Loyal. 



162 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



married to John Waite, Ann married to Ricliard Codnian, 
and tlie children of Jabez Fox, arc particuhuly mentioned 
in another part of this work. 

In 1075 the town was flouri.sliing. In tlie fisheries, in 
lumber and agriculture its resources wore ample and rapidly 
improving. The. sites mos-t favorable to these pursuit.^ were 
occupied, and there was every token given of a rising and 
populous settlement. But in the midst of those bright 
prospects the Indian war let loose upon the peaceful inhabi- 
tants the untamed ferocity of the native savages, who over- 
run and destroyed every vestige of improvement, sacrificing 
the lives of all who stood in their way, and prostrating by 
the fire-brand and tomahawk the whole settlement in in- 
discriminate ruin. In this attack 34 persons were killed 
and taken captives. Among the killed were Thomas 
Brackett, John Slunjoy, and Isaac Wakeley, upon the Neck. 
Thomas Braekett's family was carried into captivity, with 
several others in other parts of the town. 

The place remained desolate during the remainder of the 
war. On ttie conclusion of peace by a treaty made at 
Casco, April 12, 1G78, the inhabitants began to return to 
their ruined sites. In November of that year George 
Bramhall, of Portsmouth, purchased of Edward Allen the 
hill which bears his name, embracing 400 acres, formed a 
settlement upon it, and carried on tanning as an occupation. 
Anthony Brackett returned to his farm in 1679, and others 
flocked in to occupy the old lots or to receive grants for 
new ones. In tlie mean time Massachusetts had secured 
her title, not only to the jurisdiction, but to the soil, by the 
purchase of the territory from the heirs of Sir F. Gorges, 
lying between the Piscataqua and the mouth of the Ken- 
nebec. The deed bears date March 15, 1678. They es- 
tablished a government over it, at the head of which 
Thomas Danforth, of Boston, was appointed. Fort Loyal 
was erected in 1G80 at the foot of India Street, and in 
September of that year Governor Danforth held a court in it, 
for the regulation of the new settlement and for the arrange- 
ment of the inhabitants in a compact manner, with a view 
to their protection from future attacks by the Indians. 
" The fort was erected and the house-lots ordered on a con- 
siderable portion of Cleaves' cornfield."* On the west 
side of Clay Cove eight lots were granted, among which were 
John, George, and Samuel IngersoU's, the latter being at the 
foot of what is now Exchange Street, the former where 
Willow enters Fore Street, and George's between them, 
though not occupying the whole distance. These lots are 
held under those titles at this day. Lots were granted on 
India, then called Broad, Street, and on the bay east of it. 
The old titles were respected where claims were interposed 
and proved. In 1681 a special agreement was entered into 
between the government and Mrs. Munjoy, whereby her 
title to Munjoy Hill was forever secured to her and her 
heirs and assigns. Her husband, Munjoy, died in 1680, 
and the same year she married Capt. Robert Lawrence, who 
was killed in the second Indian war. Her third husband 
was Stephen Cross, of Boston, where she died in 1705, 
without issue by either of her husbands but Munjoy.f 



« Blnckinnn's report to Governor Andros, March 27, 1C8S. 
t George Munjoy wns a son of John Munjoy, of Aljbotshiiin, in the 
county of Devon, Englunil, born in lG2fi; was ailniitteil a frciinau in 



Capt. Lawrence built a stone house on Munjoy Hill, and 
houses were erected in the neighborhood of the fort, and upon 
other parts of the Neck, some of which, as those of Tyng, 
Clark, and Bramhall, were on the banks of the river above 
where State Street now is ; Bowdoin's was below. The 
character of the inhabitants in this middle period of Port- 
land's liistory was of a superior order. There were among 
them Peter Bowdoin, or, more properly, Pierre Baudouin, 
and his son-in-law, Stephen Boutineau, two French Hu- 
guenots, who fled from France on the repeal of the edict of 
Nantes. Mr. Bowdoin was a physician of llochelle, who 
subsequently established him.self in Boston, and was the 
ancestor of the respectable family there of that name. Philip 
Bargcr, Philip Le Bretton, Augustine Jean were probably 
others of the same persecuted sect who sought refuge in 
this land. Besides these were George Burroughs (the min- 
ister'), Thaddeus Clark, tlie Bracketts, Silvanus Davis, John 
Graves, Henry Harwood, the Ingersolls, Robert Lawrence, 
and Edward Tyng. Davis was a man of great enterprise 
and intelligence; he had a thorough knowledge of this coast, 
and, under the charter of 1691, was a counselor in Massa- 
chusetts for Sagadahock. He was captured in the second 
Indian attack on Falmouth in 1690, and being exchanged 
after the peace, established his residence iu Boston, where 
he died in 1703. 

Edward Tyng came here in 1680, and soon after married 
the daughter of Thaddeus Claik, and granddaughter of 
George Cleaves, by whom he had four children, viz., Ed- 
ward, born in 1683; Jonathan, who died young; Mary, 
who married Rev. John Fox, of Waburn ; and Elizabeth, 
who married a brother of Dr. Franklin. The Foxes now 
resident here are lineal descendants through their ancestors. 
Rev. John and Jabez Fox, the first comers here, of George 
Cleaves, and, as we have before seen, of Richard Tucker, 
through Ann Hodge ; so that the blood of Cleaves and 
Tucker is united in the family. Edveard Tyng commanded 
Fort Loyal in 1680-81, and was a counselor in Massachu- 
setts in 1686. He had three houses on the Neck, one of 
which was a very respectable mansion in which he resided, 
situated on the bank just above Slate Street. He was ap- 
pointed commodore of the squadron from Mas.sachusetts in 
the attack on Louisbourg in 1745, and in the "Province" 
brig, of 24 guns, captured the French 64-gun ship, " Vigi- 
lante." He died, in Boston, Sept. 8, 1755. Thaddeus Clark 
was killed by the Indian.s in an ambuscade, with 13 of his 
company, in 1690; his widow died in Boston in 1736, 
aged ninety-two years. 

During the ten years interval between the first and second 
Indian wars, the growth of Falmouth was rapid ; the popu- 
lation of the town had attained to about 700, of which 
number about 25 families lived on the Neck ; about 40 
families resided at Spurwink and Stroudwater, and the 
remainder at Back Cove, Capisic, and Presumpseot. These 
were zealously pursuing their various occupations, sub- 
duing the forest, bringing the lands under cultivation, and 



Massachuselts in 1647. His children were John. Mary, George, Jo- 
si;ih, I'clctiah, ami Ilepzibah. John, the eldest sun. born in Boston, 
April 17, 165;i, wns killed, as before stated, in lB7fl, leaving a widow 
an<l one daughter, Iluldab. George was born in Boston, April 4, 

lUiS. 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



lo:] 



scouring the bay in pursuit of fisli, wlieri they were sud- 
denly aroused by distant rumors of renewed Indian aggres- 
sions. In August, 1GS8, the enemy began to commit 
depredations upon the cattle on the eastern plantations, 
and threatened the lives of the planters. The first blood 
of the war was spilt at North Yarmouth in September, by 
a party of 78 Indians making an attack upon the company 
of Capt. Gendall, while engaged in the construction of 
stockades at that place. Government made vigorous pre- 
parations for defense, and the immediate destruction of 
Fahnoulli was averted by the timely arrival of Major Ben- 
jamin Church, of Plymouth Colony, almost simultaneously 
with the appearance of a largo body of French and Indians. 
After an engagement which lasted about six hours, on the 
point west of where Deering's bridge now stands, the enemy 
retreated, and did not again renew active hostilities till 
early the next spring. In Blay a large force of French and 
Indians, who had previously destroyed several settlements 
to the westward, made their appearance iu Casco Bay, and 
Robert Grearson, one of the inhabitants, was taken prisoner 
by them. Capt. Silvanus Davis was in command at Fort 
Loyal, and gave strict orders that the inhabitants should 
keep close within their garrisons, and that constant watch 
should be kept to prevent surprise. 

A neglect of this wise precaution precipitated the destruc- 
tion of the town. Lieut. Clark and 30 men, being desir- 
ous to make some discoveries in regard to the enemy, 
proceeded to the top of Munjoy Hill, which was then cov- 
ered with woods, and a lane, with a fence on each side of 
it, ran to Lawrence's bloek-house. Behind this fence the 
enemy lay concealed, and the suspicion of their presence 
was first aroused by the conduct of the cattle, which stood 
staring towards the fence as if alarmed. Lieut. Clark and 
his men decided that the best way to get rid of the difii- 
culty was to face it, and so they advanced to discover the 
enemy and put them to rout. They soon fell victims to 
their temerity, for the enemy, who had been covertly watch- 
ing their movements, poured upon the assaulting party a 
deadly fire, which killed Lieut. Clark and 13 of his men, 
and caused the remainder to beat a hasty retreat towards 
the garrison. This was besieged and bravely defended till 
night, under cover of which the besieged party abandoned 
it and took refuge in Fort Loyal. The next morning. May 
IGth, the enemy burnt the houses and laid siege to the fort 
with all their force. The fort was situated on a rocky bluif, 
under which the enemy worked out of reach of the guns, 
carrying on the siege with unremitting activity for five days 
and four nights, when at last the garrison and inhabitants, 
worn out and exhausted by continued watching and de- 
fense, were obliged to surrender, and capitulated ou the 
20th of May. Capt. Silvanus Davis, who was taken pris- 
oner and carried to Quebec, gave the government an account 
of the attack and surrender, from which we take the fol- 
lowing particulars : 

" Myself having command of a gan-isou in Falmoiitli for the de- 
fi'nso of the same, a party of French from Canada, joined with a com- 
pnny of Indians, to the number of betwi.\t four and five hundred 
French and Indian.-', set upou our fort. The ICth of May, 1690, 
about dawning, began our fight; tho 20th, about three o'clock, after- 
noon, wo were talsen. They fought us five days and four nights, in 
which time they Isillod and wounded tho greatest part of our men, 



burned all our houses, and at last we were forced to h:ive a parley 
with them in order for surrender. . . . We demanded if there were 
any French among them, and if they would give us quarter. They 
answered that they were French, and that tlicy would give us good 
quarter. They then required that tho Governor of tho French 
should hold up his hand and swear by the great and ever-living (iod 
that the several articles should bo performed. All which he did sol- 
emnly swear to perform ; but as soon as they had us in their custody 
they broke their articles, suffered our women and children and our 
men to bo made captives in the hands of the heathen, to be cruelly 
murdered and destroyed, many of them, and especially our wounded 
men. Only the French kept myself and some three or four others 
and carried us to Canada.'' 

They were twenty-four days marching through the wil- 
derness, and arrived at Quebec June 14th. He remained 
in Quebec four months, and was then exchanged. 

Thus, a second time perished the rising settlement of 
Falmouth. The war continued till 1G98, when tlic quar- 
rel between France and England having been adjusted by 
the treaty of Kyswick in 1C97, and the Frencli succor 
thereby withdrawn from the Indians, without wliich they 
could not sustain hostilities with hope of sueces.s, they en- 
tered into articles of agreement which were consunituatcd 
by a treaty of peace executed at Mare Point, in Casco Bay, 
Jan. 7, 1699. 

The town continued wholly unoccupied during the war, 
and although a few of the old settlers, with that unceasing 
yearning which ever haunts the exile, wandered back to 
their desolated homes after the peace, yet so unsettled was 
the state of affairs with the savages that the settlement was 
not renewed upon the Neck until after the peace of Utrecht, 
in 1713. 

In 1715 there was but one solitary family upon the 
Neck, by the name of Ingersoll. Ilev. Mr. Smith says, in 
his journal, "In 1716 one Ingersoll builta hut on Falmouth 
Neck, where he lived some time alone, and was thence 
called Governor Inger.soll." It is thought that this must liave 
been Elisha, son of John Ingersoll, of Kittery, who had 
been driven from here in the war of 1688. Whoever he 
was he was drowned in the Presumpscot Kiver a few years 
afterwards. 

Ingersoll could not have remained long as the solitary 
inhabitant; for in July, 1716, Maj. Moody, in a petition 
to the General Court for leave to fortify his house, which 
stood on King Street, represented that there were then on 
the Neck, commonly called Old Caseo, fifteen men as inhab- 
itants, beside women and children.* Other settlers began 
to come in about the same time. 

James Mills, from Lynn, built the second or tliird house 
in town, on what is now JMiddle Street, near tiie subsetjuent 
residence of Judge Freeman, where he obtained, in 1727, 
a grant of a house-lot, including one acre of ground.f It 
is supposed that his family came here in 1716, or very 
soon after. At Back Cove, Spurwink, and other places 
the abandoned farms were occupied a little sooner after the 
war. 

Benjamin Skilling, Zechariah Brackett, and Dominicus 
Jordan, occupied the Brackett and Jordan farms, respect- 
ively at Back Cove and Spurwink, iu 1715. 

lu 1716-17, Gilbert Winslow, otherwise called Dr. Wins- 



i Note to Smith's Journal, p. -19. 



f Proprietor's Records. 



1C4 



HISTORY OF CUMBEllLAND COUNTY, MAINK. 



low, built tlie Gist liouse at I'uipooduck, and was the same 
year joined by Samuel Cobb, who built tlie seeoiid bouse 
there, but the next year removed to the Neck and built a 
bouse on Congress Street near tlie bead of King Street. 
Mr. Cubb was a .sbip-carpcBter by nccupalion. lie was fol- 
lowed the next year by three brothers, Jonathan, Ebenezer, 
and Joseph, who settled at the Purpooduek. 

Samuel Moody built bis house fronting the beaeli below 
King Street, on the spot forming the corner of Fore and 
Hancock. For a number of years it was the principal 
house in town.* 

Benjamin liorrabce built his lunise — a one-story building 
— on tlie corner of Middle and School Streets. 

llicbard Wilmot and John Wass, his son-in-law, built on 
Queen Street, near the entrance of Wilmot, which took its 
name from this early .occupant. 

Thomas Thomas built in Clay Cove ; Barbour in 

Middle Street near Court, on land afterwards granted to 
him ; James Doughty built next below Barbour, and Sam- 
uel Proctor, who moved his family here from Lynn in 1718, 
built on Fore Street, near the entrance to Silver. 

John I'ritchaid came from Boston, and settled here about 
the same time, and also llicbard Collier, from the Old Col- 
ony, occupied a spot near Jordan's Point. 

In 1718, when Samuel Cobb moved from Purpooduek, 
there were settled on the Neck thirteen families besides his 
own.f 

From this time the population increased more rapidly. 
May 3, 172f), 7 persons were admitted as inhabitants; 
August 17th, 2.3 were admitted, they paying £10 each for 
the right of admission, and September 18th, 5 persons. Wc 
might thus go on at considerable length from Mr. Smith's 
journal, but it is unnecessary. In 182G there seems to 
have been an influx of population not very desirable, for 
Mr. Smith says, " This .spring came into town one Savage, 
and also one Stinison and his family, whom the selectmen 
immediately warned out of town, as they did several others 
just about the making of the peace. This summer (peace 
having been concluded) there came from Cape Ann one 
Davis, a pretty troublesome spark, with his family. Also, 
one of his wife's brothers, no better than he, and a little 
after another family, who were also warned out of town." 
Mr. Smith also notes the arrival of several others, " who 
were sober and forehanded men." And " this week," he 
adds, "we had a town-meeting to consider the petition of 
10 likely men to be admitted as inhabitants, and the matter 
was left to the selectmen." 

April 5, 172G, 26 vessels were reported in the harbor. 
This year the first grist-mill was built by Messrs. Sawyer & 
York, the people before this having sent their corn to Bos- 
ton to be ground. J This mill stood at Lawrence Cove, in 
Cape Elizabeth, opposite Portland. " A saw-mill was al.so 
built upon the same stream. "§ 

» Maj. Saml. Moody died in 1729. The following is the inscription on 
his gravestone in the graveyard at Portland : " Hero lies interred ye 
body of Samuil Moody, Esq., one of His Mnjosty's Justices of yo 
Peace and a Ju.«tice of yo Superior Court of Common Picas in ye 
County of Yorls, and formerly Major of His Majesty's forces in yo 
eastern province, who deceased April, 172U, in yc o2d year of liis 
age." 

t Smith's Clim.-l, 1{,-,..„.I. J Smith's .Journal, p. 49. g Ibid. 



The winter of 1728 was the "cold winter" and the 
deep snow, when many of the animals perished. 

The great Indian council held here in July, 1732, so 
exhausted the provisions of the place, that Mr. Smith says 
" They left us quite bare, and nothing of the country's pro- 
duce left only three bushels of corn and some small tilings." 
There were 1 00 of tlie Penobscot tribe present, besides sevenU 
vessels containing the Governor and counselors, and " many 
prominent gentlemen from all parts of the country." The 
Indians had their fpiarters on Hog Island, and the confer- 
ence was held under a great tent on Munjoy Hill. 

Hard times prevailed in 1737. Mr. Smith writes under 
date of April 21 : " All the talk is, — no corn, no hay, and 
there is not a peck of potatoes to eat in all tlie eastern 
country." 

In October, 1716, the town was in great excitement over 
a contemplated attack from a French fleet which had been 
sent over to destroy the .settlements on the coast of New 
England, and Boston and Falmouth in particular. " The 
town held a meeting and voted that the selectmen apply to 
Capt. Moses Pearson for the use of his two gi-eat ffiius, to 
be placed on Spring Point, and to get four barrels of pow- 
der, balls, and flints for the use of the town." Thus, while 
Boston was mustering her troops and fortifying the east end 
of Long Wharf, as a protection against French cannon and 
bombshells, the Neck was also vigorously preparing to de- 
fend henself against the invaders. But a .storm wrecked 
the fleet off Cape Sable, and the colonics were spared de- 
struction. 

The bombardment and destruction of the town by order 
of the British naval commander during the Ilevolution will 
be found in the history of that period, in the general de- 
partment of this work, and therefore need not be repeated 
here. On the 16th of October, 1775, Capt. Henry Mow- 
att, with three armed vessels, attacked the town. The 
people fled in terror from their homes, taking with them 
what they could of their household good.s. All the compact 
part of the town was destroyed, embracing 41-1 buildings, 
the whole loss being estimated at £55,000. Only 100 
dwelling-bouses were left standing, many of which were 
much damaged. The place was again deserted, many of 
the inhabitants removing to the country,- and the few who 
remained among the ruins suffering great privations. Thus, 
for the third time, was Falmouth desolated, and by a blow 
that would seem almost utterly crushing to any hopes of her 
future recovery. 

But, with the establishment of our national independ- 
ence, new hopes and energies were awakened, and the close 
of the war gave a fresh impulse to business. In 178-t there 
were built on the Neck 41 dwelling-houses, 10 stores, and 
7 shops. In 1785 the first brick hou.se in town was 
commenced, and tlie same year appeared the first newspaper, 
— The Faliiionlh Gtizctte, — published by Benjamin Tit- 
comb and Thomas B. Wait. In 1786 the town was di- 
vided, and the Neck, with the name of Portland, started 
upon an independent career, with a population of 2000. 
In 1793 wharves were extended into the harbor. In 17!'5, 
Nathaniel Deering built the first brick store. In 1709 the 
first bank was incorporated. Trade advanced westward 
from the old sites at the foot of India Street, and in 1800 



CITY OP PORTLAND. 



163 



Kxtlianfje (then called Fish) Street was tlie principal seat 
of business. The population by thi.s time had increased to 
3704. and in 1810 it had reached 71G9. A desirable class 
of residents came in, brinirinp: capital with them. The in- 
habitants, no longer contented with a coasting trade, engaged 
in foreign commerce. Lumber and fish continued to be the 
principal exports, but ships were also built and sent on 
freighting vojages. 

From 1795 to 1805 the growth of the town in com- 
mercial business and general prosperity was unexampled 
in New England. Dr. Dwight, visiting the place in 
1797, wrote, "No American town is more entirely com- 
mercial, and, of course, none is more sprightly.'' The ton- 
nage which, in 1789, amounted to 5000, in 1807 had 
reached 30,000. The duties collected at the custom-house 
increased from §8109, in 1790, to §342,909, in 1806. 
Napoleon Bonaparte had thrown all Europe into war, and 
American bottoms, being declared iieutrals, nioiiupolizcd the 
carrying trade. 

AVitli the increase of wealth came more refinement and 
a more lavish style of living. In 1801 the rich merchants 
began to build for themselves large and elegant hou.ses, some 
of which .still remain, the square, old-fashioned mansions, 
of noble front, with wide halls running back and admitting 
in the rear to large and high-fenced gardens, where fruit- 
trees flourished. Of such is the stately Matthew Cobb 
house, which still stands at the corner of High and Ti'ee 
Streets ; the mansion built by Pjbenezer Storer, corner of 
High and Danforth Streets, now occupied by John Mussey, 
Esq., and that built by Joseph H. Ingraham, on State 
Street. These, and others like them, were the best houses 
in the State, and some which remain unaltered, like the 
fine old mansion on the corner of High and Spring Streets, 
long the residence of the late General Wingate, still give 
evidence of the architectural taste and thorough workman- 
ship of the olden time. 

During the decade from 1810 to 1820 the population 
increased only 1412. In March, 1820, the District of 
Maine was separated from Blassacliusetts and admitted into 
the Union as a State. Portland became the capital of the 
new State, and held that position till the removal of the 
seat of government to Augusta, in 1832. 

In order to see the progress of the city it may be well to 
compare statistical statements made at different periods. 

POKTLAND IN 1821. 

The population at this date was 8581. " It contained a 
State House, an elegant brick court-house, a large stone jail, 
a large three-story brick academy, a large three-story brick 
building belonging to the Bank of Portland, a like brick 
building formerly erected for an insurance ofiice, but now 
owned by the Cumberland Bank, a customhouse and other 
offices; 10 houses of public worship, viz.: 3 for Congregation- 
alists, 1 for Baptists, 1 for Episcopalians, 1 for Methodists, 
1 for Union Society, 1 for Independent Methodists, 1 for 
Friends^and 1 for Universalists ; 5 school-houses, 700 dwell- 
ing-hou.ses, in or adjoining which are 61 shops, 200 other 
shops, 306 barns, GO warehouses, 11 bake-houses, 6 distil- 
leries, 7 tanneries, 7 slaughter-houses, 1 furnace and iron- 
works, 94 other buildings, a post-office, 15,583 tons of ves- 



sels, 392,096 superficial feet of wharves, a library belonging 
to a number of persons associated for its support, containin<' 
1200 volumes, an insurance-office, savings institution, 27 
other institutions and societies, besides the religious socie- 
ties, 6 engines, 7 public schools, viz. : 4 masters and 3 mis- 
tresses schools, and 40 private schools." 

Such, according to an inventory taken by Hon. Samuel 
Freeman, was Portland in 1821. In July, 1823, the first 
steamboat ever brought to i\Liine arrived in Portland har- 
bor. She was a vessel of about 100 tons burden, called 
the " Patent," owned by Capt. Seward Porter, who had 
bought her in New York to run as a passenger boat between 
Portland and Boston. In 1833 came the "Chancellor Liv- 
ingston," built UT)der the direction of IJobert Fulton, and 
the same year the Cumberland Steam Navigation Com- 
pany was formed, and, in opposition to the " Chancellor Liv- 
ingston," put on the line between Portland and Boston the 
steamer " Commodore JFcDonough." The Portland Steam 
Packet Company was organized in 1844, and ever since its 
boats have run on the route with great regularity and suc- 
cess. 

In 1832, Portland received a city charter, under which 
the government consists of a mayor, seven aldermen, 
and twenty-one common councilmen, for the election of 
whom the city is divided into seven wards. The progress 
of the city from 1840 and onward is shown by the follow- 
ing sketch, taken substantially from Mr. Ehvcll's popular 
work, " Portland and Vicinity." 

"About 1840 tliL' city l)egiiii to cxperiensc a depression in busi- 
ness, caused by the revolution in tra'le centres brought about by tlio 
introduction of railroads. Bost'.in, by the extcn.-sion of her railroads, 
Jiad seized upon tlic trade of Vernt<;nt, which had formerly come to 
Portland, through the Notch in the White Mountains. In 1842 the 
Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad was opened, and that also 
tools business from the city. . . . From 1S40 to 1846 there was 
scarcely any increase in the population, . . . and it became evident 
to our business men that it was neoessnry to seize the weapon which 
was being wielded against them, and turn it to their own advantage. 
, . . For this purpose a company was formed, nnd a charter obtained 
to construct a railroad to Canada. . . . Witli the hour came the man 
in the person of .John A. Poor, by whose far-reaching furesiglit, broad 
grasp of possibilities, and untiring energy, the j)rojeet of a railroad 
to Canada was set on foot. The conception was a grand one, but tho 
undertaking seemed overwhelming to a little city of 10,000 inhabi- 
tants. Montreal was three hundred miles away, through mountain 
ranges, through watte sjiaces, through sparsely populated regions, 
deeply encumbered with the snows of winter. AVhence was thecapitnl 
to come? How was a railroad to be built in the face of such physical 
obstacles? Mr. Poor and William Pill Pieble drove over the rotite in 
a sleigh in midwinter, to prove the possibility of getting through. 
Our merchants and business men took up the enterprise with enthu- 
siasm, and all classes of citizens joined heartily in the endeavor. . . . 
The dity loaned its credit in bonds to the amount of $2,000,000. 
Eleven miles of the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Uailroad were opened 
in 1848, and in 185.'! it was finished to its junction with the Canada 
Road from Montreal, — a distance from Portland of one hundred and 
forty-nine miles. The Grand Trunk Railroad brought tho city into 
connection not only with the towns and cities of Canada, but with 
the vast, grain-growing regions of tho West. Following its comple- 
tion as necessary adjuncts, a winter line of steamers to Liverpool, 
and the construction of a now business avenue along the whole water 
front of the city, — a mile long and one hundred feet wide, — leaving 
high and dry old Fore Street, so long the water street, tho local. ty 
of slop-shops and sailors" boarding-houses. This new street,— appro- 
priately called Commercial, — is tho scene of a heavy wholesale trade 
in tlour, grain, and groceries, while it also affords railroad communi- 
cation across the front of the city, and with the numerous wharves. 



166 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Then ciinie the building of that system of inilroads opening lo the 
trade of Portland all parls of State, and now eonnolidated under the 
name of the Maine Central. Our merchants also opened eonncction 
with the eastern part of the State and the lower provinces hy means 
of steamboat lines, and thus secured much of the trade which had 
formerly gone to IJoston. Manufacturing establishments — like the 
Portland Company's Works and Brown's Sugar House — also sprang 
up and gave employment to hundreds. 

"The city passed through the panic of 1857-58 without serious 
disaster, and trade was reviving again when the war of the Rebellion 
came in 1861. Business then gave wny to the demands of patriotism. 
The l.'t Maine Regiment, Col. Jackson (six companies of which were 
raised here), was .speedily organized, though the measles prevented its 
being the first in the field. In response to later calls for volunteers 
our peojile were active in raising other regiments, especially the 5th, 
9th, 10th, 12lh, 13lh, 17th, and 25th, the latter a nine months' regi- 
ment of Portland hoys, led by Col. Francis Fessendon. Other regi- 
ments followed, Portland contributing 5000 men, to whom she paid. a 
bounty of $12S,970, and of whom 421 lost their lives in battle or by 
disease. Large contributions were made in aid of the Sanitary and 
Christian Commissions, and many noble men gave their services in 
nursing the sick and wounded. . . . The city came out of the war 
without great loss, though its commercial progress had been cheeked 
by the transfer of much of its shipping to the British flag. The war, 
however, had given employment to many, money was flush, and the 
city was again entering on a pros|ierous career when, for the fouith 
time in its history, it was laid in ashes and made desolate." 

THE GliKAT FIRK OF 186fi. 

"On the Fourth of July, 1SG6, a carelessly-thrown fire-cracker set 
fire to a boat- builder's shop, on Commercial, near the foot of Hi»h 
Street, and the sparks soon communicated with Brown's sugar-house, 
wrapping that great structure in flames, and spreading onward spite 
of all opposition, spreading out like a fan as it went duigonally across 
the city, glowing with a furnace heat, melting iron, crnmbling stone, 
wiping out the costliest ' fire-proof structures, leaving desolation in 
its track J sweeping away not only whole blocks, but entire streets, 
massive warehouses, lofty churches, splendid mansions, ancestral 
homes in the crowded and oldest parts of the city ; spreading terror, 
nnguL-h, and dismay among the whole population, until at last, in the 
small hours of the night, it burnt itself out amid the waste spaces at 
the foot of Munjoy Hill. That night of terror and desolation will 
never be forgotten by the people of Portland. The morning saw fif- 
teen hundred buildings laid in ashes, fifly-eight streets and courts re- 
duced to a wilderness of chimneys, amidst which the most familiar 
inhabitant lo.st himself, ten thousand people made houseless and home- 
less, and $10,000,000 of property destroyed. 

" For a moment only the energies of the people seemed pariilyzed, 
and then began the great work of providing for the houseless and 
hungry. Whole villages of tents sprang up on Munjoy Hill and else- 
where; barracks were built; generous contributions from abroad 
flowed in ; the work of rebuilding was begun, — advantage bein" 
taken of the opportunity to widen and straighten old streets and open 
new ones, — and now, after a lapse of but ten years, the city stands 
rebuilt far handsomer than before the fire. 

"Meantime the work of railroad extension has gone on, cnlarn-inc 
the area tributary to the trade of the city and opening new routes of 
pleasure. In 187o the Boston and Maine Railroad was extended 
from South Berwick to Portland. ... In 1S75 the Portland and 
Rochester Railroad completed its connections with Nnshuii, N. II. . . . 
and Worcester, Mass., thus opening a direct route to New York, and 
saving many miles of travel between Portland and that city. The 
same year the Portland and Ogdensburg Riiilroad, opening a new and 
shorter route to the West, and restoring some of the lost trade of Ver- 
mont, was completed through the Notch of the White Mountains ; and 
commanding as it does some of the most noted summer resorts, has 
given a new impetus to pleasure-travel through Portland. Merchants 
of Portland now command the trade of a large portion of the State, 
to a considerable extent they supply Northern New Hampshire and 
Vermont, and find customers in the maritime provinces and the 
Canadas. 

"Various branches of manufacture, as the rolling of railroad iron, 
the making of carriiigcs. shoes, matches, stoneware, and drain-pipes, 
have sprung up, and these products find n market all over the United 
Slates, and to some extent in foreign countries." 



THE CITY IN 1879. 

Tho oity now occupies the entire area of the peninsula 
from tlie slopes of Munjoy Hill on the east to the brow of 
IJraniliiiU Hill on the west. The area has been enlarged by 
a considerable amount of made land aloni; Back Cove, and 
many elepant residences have been built witliin a few years 
past in what was once " the swamp wtird," at the west end. 
The lowest point now on tlie ridj;e, which separates the 
Harbor from Back Cove, is at tlie foot of Hampshire Street, 
57 feet. The highest elevations within the city limits are 
Bramliall Hill, 175.50 feet; Munjoy Hill, IGl feet. Along 
the entire central ridge of the peninsula on which the city 
is built, Congress Street extends from one extremity to the 
other, a distance of three miles. With the other parallel 
streets and cross streets, forming a net-work composed of 
two hundred and twenty-six different streets, lanes, and 
courts, the aggregate length is forty-eight miles, while 
twenty-nine wharves extend into the harbor and give ac- 
conimodatiou to the commerce of the port. There are six 
avenues into the city on the land side, all of which are over 
substantial bridges except the old road from Stroudwater. 
All the bridges were at first supported by tolls, but they 
are now free. In addition to these streets and roads, there 
is projected and partially completed a marginal way run- 
ning around both sides of the city, nearly five miles \u 
length and one hundred feet in width. Most of the .streets 
are beautifully decorated with fine elms and other shade- 
trees. The views from the observatory on Munjoy Hill, 
both seaward and northward towards the mountains, are as 
fine as can be found in any locality. 

The horse-cars of the Portland Railroad afford an easy 
transit along the whole length of Congress Street ; also from 
the Grand Trunk Depot, through Middle and Congress 
Streets, to Bramhall Hill ; and from the head of Preble 
Street, in Market Square, through Preble, Portland, and 
Green Streets, and tho villages of Deering Point and Wood- 
ford's Corner, to Evergreen Cemetery and Morrill's Corner, 
— a distance of three and a quarter miles. 

The business streets of the city, as well as those devoted 
to private residences, are handsomely built, lighted with 
gas, well drained, and supplied with the purest water from 
Lake Sebago, which is brought in pipes a distance of seven- 
teen miles, from a fresh and inexhaustible source of .supply.* 
The reservoir on Bramhall Hill has a capacity of 12,000,000 
gallons. The number of hydrants set are as follows : post 
hydrants, 66 ; Lowery Steeet hydrants, 79 ; Lowery side- 
walk hydrants, 80 ; two-and-a-half inch hydrant, 1 ; total, 
22G. Whole number of reservoirs, 64. Of street gas lamps 
there are 442 in the city. 

Portland Inner Harbor, formed by Fore River, has be- 
tween Portland Bridge and the Breakwater, on one side, 
and Fish Point on the other, an area of six hundred and 
seventy-seven acres, and an average depth, at mean liigh 
water, of about thirty feet. Vessels of the largest size ever 
built can enter the lower harbor day or night with forty 
feet of water at low tide, and lie safely at anchor in that 
depth inside of a line connecting the breakwater with Fort 
Gorges, and di.stant not more than a half-mile from the 
Great Eastern Steam.ship wharves. 

®Sec article Topograjdiy, in general chapt.r of this work. 




Asa Ci.mt was a ilesccinliint ill the filth gcuoriition from Thuiiias 
Cla]ip, who was born in Dorclicster, England, in l.i',17, and arrived 
from Weymouth, England, on the 24th of July, 1633. The name of 
Thomas Clapp appears in 1634 on the town records of Dorchester, 
Mass., where his brothers, Nicholas and John, settled, lived, and 
died, lie was admitted a freeman in 163S, and removed to Wey- 
mouth, Mass. 

Asa Clapp died at his residence in Portland, Me., April 17, 1848. 
He was born in Mansfield, Bristol Co., Mass., March 15, 1762, and 
was the oldest son of Abiel Clapp, a farmer of high respectability'^ 
and who fillecl what were then considered very important stations in 
the towns of New England, — the offices of magistrate and the com- 
mander of the military company in that ancient municipality. Being 
deprived of his parents at an early age, he was left entirely dependent 
u])on his own exertions for advancement. This patriotic orphan boy, 
at the age of si.\teen. gallantly volunteered to act as a substitute for 
a young man who had been drafted as a soldier in the expedition 
under den. Sullivan, for the expulsion of the British army from 
Rhode Island. He was immediately appointed a non-commissioned 
officer, and remained in service until honorably discharged. With a 
seeming inherent devotion to the cause of liberty, he, without money, 
jirocecded on foot to Boston, and immediately embarked on one of the 
numerous private armed vessels which were fitted out in all the 
northern ports. He was very soon promoted to the first lieutenantcy, 
and his bravery, intelligence, and skill, evinced in various naval en- 
gagements as a navigator, obtained for him command of a ship just 
as he reached the era of manhood. 

He married, in 17S7, Elixa AVendell, daughter of Jacob Quincy, of 
Boston, who was a distiuguished physician of that place. She was a 
lady of great ]ier.scmal attraction, a devoted and affectionate wife and 
mother, and a sincere and exemplary Christian. She died Xuvember, 
l.s.iS, at the age of ninety years. In 17',)M, when (Ireat Britain and 
other powers of Europe attempted to close the commerce of neutral 
nations with France, Mr. Clapp. then commanding a ship trading be- 
tween the I'nited States and Europe, was captured by Sir Siilney 
Smith, taken to England, and there detained six months, when the 
Court of Admiralty, by a decree, released his ship and paid for the 
cargo. So ably was the affair managed by him that, instead of prov- 
ing a loss, it resulted in a gain to the owners. 

He established himself as a merchant in Portland in 1796, became 
largely interested in commerce, ami enjoyed a credit unsurpassed by 
any other Auieriian merchant of that day. He had a thorough 
knowledge of the commercial affairs of other nations, and spared 
no exertions in acquiring such facts as wouM tend to enlarge the 
channels of trade or contribute to bis own store of useful informa- 
liun. 

On Dec. 22, 1807, when Congress laid a general embargo on the 
shipping in the ports of the United States, Mr. Clapp was among the 
lirmost supporters of this government measure, although adverse to 
his own interests. In 1811 he was a member of the Council of the 
(Vmimonwcalth of JIassachusetts. When Congress laid an embargo 
on all vessels within the waters of the Initcl State, the 4tli of April, 



1S12, and when, a few mouths later, war was declared between (ireat 
Britain and the United States he gave the government his warmest 
support, notwithstanding nearly all his ships were driven from the 
ocean and laid up to decay in the docks. At this time, when the 
finances of the government were in an embarrassed condition, and 
its enemies uttering the bitterest anathemas against the administra- 
tion, he came forward voluntarily and subscribed more than one-half 
of the whole amount of his property to sustain the national credit, and 
took his place in the volunteer cor])S as a common soldier. His resi- 
dence during that period was a place of general resort for the officers 
of the army and navy, and the constant scene of a generous hospitality 
that was not surpassed in New England. His views of the relations 
that should exist between the government and the governed were of a 
purely democratic character, and such as are now niaintjiinc<l by oar 
most far-seeing statesmen. Upon the close of the war, in 181.1, he 
resumed his commercial trade, and was very successful, having vessels 
in trade with Europe, the East and West Indies, and South America. 
He became one of the most fortunate and distinguished merchants of 
Maine. In 1816 he was appointed by the President one of the com- 
missioners to obtain subscriptions to the capital stock of the Bank of 
the United States, to which corporation he was the largest subscriber 
in .Maine. He was a careful and skillful financier. Having been a 
strenuous advocate for the independence of Maine, he was elected oni' 
of the delegates of the convention, which was held in October, 1819. 
for forming the constitution. He was for several years a representa- 
tive from Portland in the Legislature, and his opinions upon all tlic 
various subjects for consideration were always respected and listened 
to with profound attention. His practical knowledge of the tariff led 
members of Congress and others to seek his counsel. 

After the many vicissitude* through which Mr. Clapp had passed. 
— now as a soldier in the Keviplution, now as a fearless defender of 
the flag of bis country on the seas, now as the pioneer anil director 
of the commerce of a great State, and rendering aid and comfort to 
the government by loans in its time of great need, — the services he 
had rendered were recognized, in the only manner then admissible, 
by the chief magistrate of the nation. 

President Polk, in visiting Portland in the course of his tour 
through New England in the year 1847, on learning that Mr. Clapp. 
then in his eighty-fifth year of age, was confined to his house by illness, 
immediately called, in company with the Hon. .lames Buchanan, then 
Secretary of State, and Commodore Stewart, to pay his respects t" 
the venerable gentleman who had manifested so much devotion to the 
welfare of his counlrv. Mr. riai.p, 
and liriellv uadresse(i"the President, ' 
and congnitiilating him warmly upo 
admiuistnition had won in its coixli 
progressing with Mexico. 

Mr. Clapp was a man of wide breadth of mind and capable o 
foreshadowing future results. His beneficence was as expansive a 
his means were ample for its gratification, and his Christian ch.aractei 
and rectitude of principle were as instructive to the rising, as encour 
aging to the past generation. 



ith difficulty, arose to his feci 
relcoming him to his rcsidencf 
1 the historic laurels which hi^ 
ct of the war, then successfully 




Photo, by M. F. King. 



Asa W. H. Clapp, son of the late Hon. Asa 
Clapp, was born in Portland, Me. He was educated 
at the military academy at Norwich, Vt., then 
under the superintendence of Capt. Alden Part- 
ridge. 

After graduating at tliat institution, in Decem- 
ber, 1823, he returned to his native city, and for 
many years was extensively engaged in foreign 
commerce, until within a short period previous to 
the death of his fatlier, — the year 1848, — when he 
retired from business. 

He represented the Congressional district of 



Cumberland County, in the State of Maine, in 
the Thirtieth Congress of the United States, 

He is interested in and a supporter of all local 
enterprises tending to make society better and estab- 
lish law and order. 

He is a director of the Atlantic and St. Lawrence 
Railroad, a director of the Maine General Hospital, 
and a director of the Portland Institute and Public 
Library. 

He married Miss Julia M., daughter of the late 
Gen. Henry A. S. Dearborn, of Roxbury, Mass., 
and has one daugiiter, — Miss Mary J. E. Clapp. 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



1C7 



Portland, witli its dependent suLuiban villages, numbers 
not less than 50,000 population. In the locality is included 
Point Village, Ferry Village, Kniglitville, Turner Island, 
Ligonia, Brighton, Libby Corner, Woodford's Corner, Mor- 
rill's Corner, Peering Point, and East Peering. All these, 
it is probable, will eventually be combined in one corpora- 
tion. They all have a common business centre, — Portland. 
The following table will show the population at different 
periods : 



3.704 

7,in9 

8,.')8I 

12,601 

18-10 15,218 



ISOO.. 
ISIO., 
1820., 
I8:)0., 



IS.')!!.. 
ISIiO.. 
ISfiS.. 
1870.. 
1875., 



20.815 
2C.:!42 
30,124 
31,418 
34,420 



In the spring of 1876 a oen.sus taken by direction of the 
city authorities showed o5,0Hl. The territory of the city 
proper embraces about 1666 acres, the smallest area of any 
city or town in the State ; yet its estimated population, ex- 
clusive of the suburban villages, in IMarch, 1879, was 
36,500. 

Portland has thirty-five churches and places of public 
worsliip ; nineteen well-conducted public schools, attended 
by about five thousand scholars ; twenty newspapers and 
pieriodicals, — three daily, eleven weekly, seven monthly, and 
one quarterly. It is well equipped with charitable, lite- 
rary, and musical associations and public libraries ; has six 
national and two savings banks, and several of the finest 
public buildings ip the State, among which are the city 
government building, the custom-hou.se, and the post-office. 

The city government building covers an area of 26,155 
square feet. It is 221 feet in length on Myrtle Street, and 
has a frontage of 150 feet on Congress Street. The corner 
towers are 75 feet high ; the dome is 1 60 feet, high. There 
are in all 80 rooms in the building. It contains all the City 
Hall, all the city and county offices, public library, court- 
rooms, and cabinet of natural history. The City Hall 
is 113 i'eot long (interior dimensions), 80 feet wide, and 
35 feet high. Its southwestern gallery is 21 feet wide; 
the side galleries 9 feet in width, and it is capable of hold- 
ing oOOO people. On the occasion of the api)earance of 
the actress, Maggie Mitchell, 2700 tickets were taken up. 

In front of the City Hall, near Myrtle Street, stands an 
elm known as La Fayette Tree. It was upon a platform 
under this tree that La Fayette received the citizens of 
Portland on the occasion of his last visit to America. 

Lincoln Park is bounded by Congress, Franklin, Federal, 
and Pearl Streets. It has an area of 108,530 s(|uarc feet, 
or little less than 2i acres. 

Lincoln Tree is an elm which stands in front of the high- 
school building, on Cumberland Street. It was hauled 
there from near the dwelling-house of the late Charles 
I?akcr. Some person, whose name is unknown, placed in 
the hands of the mayor of the city the sum of $50 for the 
puipnse of having a tree set in a suitable place in com- 
memoration of the martyred President, and this spot was 
chosen. The sum given paid the- cost of removing and 
planting the tree. 

The whole number of vessels belonging to the district in 
1875 was 420, with an aggregate tonnage of 110,830.47, — 
an increase of over 20,000 tons in two years. The total 
of foreign imports and exports iu 1874 was $52,588,612. 



The transit trade of the port is two or three times larger 
than in all the other ports of the United States combined. 
This is owing to the excellence of the harbor, which is 
deep, safe, accessible, and capacious. It also commands the 
most beautiful and varied scenery, from broad ocean views 
to the towering grandeur of mountain heights in the 
distance. 

YALUATTOX AND TAXES OF THE CITY. 
The tax valnalioii of the city for 1878 was 

Real c.Hnle $19,212,800 Increase over 1877, $145,600 

Personal estate... 11,458,354 Decrease over 1867, 367,291 

Total S30,074,I54 

The number of polls assessed were 8564, 88 less than in 
1877. Poll tax, $3. 

The sums assessed upon the city for the year were as 
follows : 

For.Stnte ?1 17,835.1 7 

" County 38.554.82 

" City 618,072.54 

$774,462.53 
Amount of overlaying? .33,343.89 

?SU7,806..|2 

The income of the cily property is estimated at $89,000, 
which, added to the amount to be raised by direct taxation, 
makes the whole amount- required for the city's needs 
$896,806.42. 

The following table gives the valuation, taxes, and the 
percentage from 1868 to 1878, inclusive: 

Tears. Valuation. Taxes. Rate on SIOO. 

ISnS $3li,.075, 178 ?7:)7. 52.1.05 $2.00 

ISfifl 28,881,230 7111,815.4!) 2.38 

1870 20,053,715 775,641.50 2.60 

1S71 20.025,550 740,046.75 2.50 

1872 28.681,210 768.882.46 2.60 

1873 20,821,012 760,6116.30 2.50 

1874 30,723.036 702,710.10 2.50 

1875 31,042,501 786,461.27 2.45 

1876 30,660,355 701,876.87 2.50 

1877 30,802,815 708,277.12 2.50 

1878 30,671,154 807,806.42 2.55 

PORTLAND CIYIL LIST. 
We give the selectmen and other officers of the town of 
Portland from its .separation froiu Falmouth in 1786. The 
town officers prior to that, with their continuation to the 
present, will be found under the head of the town of Fal- 
mouth. 

SELECTMEN, 1786-1832. 

John Fox, three years; Nathaniel Deering, two years; Pileg Wads- 
worth, four years; Samuel Frecnmn, twenty-four years; Thomas 
Robinson, two years; J.amcs I.unt, one year; Ebcnczer Preble, 
one year ; Daniel Ilsley, two years ; Woodbury Storer, nine years ; 
John Thrasher, three years; Nathaniel F. Fosdick, four years; 
Daniel Tucker, seven years; Daniel Epcs, three years ; Matthew 
Cobb, three years; Robert Boyd, seven years; Isaac Ilsley, two 
years; Thomas Motley, one year; Joseph II. Ingrahani, eleven 
years; Joseph Titcomb, ton years; Joshua Rogers, si.\ years; 
John Mussey, three years ; George Bradbury, three years ; .Moses 
Lunt, one year; David Green, one year; Stephen Tukey, four 
years; Joseph Ilsley, one year; Enoch Preble, four years; Sauil. 
F. Ilus.-iey, one year; Josiah Dow, one year; Peter Warren, four 
years; Cotton B. Brooks, two years; Robert Douglass, three 
years; John Ilobart, two years; Stephen Longfellow, Jr., ono 
year; Isaac Adams, live years; Joshua Richardson, five years; 
Benjamin Ilsley, five years; Woodbury Storer, Jr., two years; 



1C8 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Mark llaiTis, four years; Isaac Adams, eight years; Joshua 
llii'hardson, three years; Benjamin llsley, four years; Nathaniel 
Mitchell, one year; Marl: Harris, one year; John L. Meguire, 
ono year; Joseph Walker, one year; Robert IlsIey, four years; 
John Williams, seven years; James C. Churchill, four years; 
William Webb, ono year; Alpheus Shaw, three years: Jedediah 
Bow, two years; John I'attcn, two years; Jonathan Dow, one 
year; Andrew L. Emerson, two years; Thomas Uamuiond, two 
years; Dudley Canimctt, one year. 

TOWN CLERKS, 1786-1832. 
17SC-9G, John Frothingham; 1790-97, Isaac llsley ; 1797-1807, Ste- 
phen Patten; 1807-14, Samuel Homer; 181-1-20, Oliver Bray; 
1820-2G, Joseph Po]>e; 1820-32, Charles B. Smith. 

TOWN TREASURERS, 1786-18.'j2. 

17SC-1801, Kiioch llsley; ISOl-S, Lemuel Weeks; 1808-19. Malthcw 
Cobb;' 1819-23, Samuel Trask ; 1823-20, Joseph M. Gerrish ; 
1820-32, Charles B. Smith. 

REPRESENTATIVES AT THE GENERAL COURT OF M.\SSA- 
CIIUSETTS.* 

1787-88, John Fox; 1789, Daniel Davis; 1790, John Fo.x, Daniel 
Davis ; 1791, John Fox ; 1792, John Fo.x, Daniel Davis ; 1 793-94, 
Daniel Davis, Daniel llsley; 1795, Daniel Davis, Samuel Waldo; 
1790-97, Daniel Tucker; 1798-1800, Woodbury Storer; 1801-2, 
Joseph Titcomb; 1S03, William Syrames: 1804, Joseph Tilcomb, 
AVilliam Symmcs, Matthew Cobb, Daniel Tucker; ISOa, the same 
and Smith Cobb; 18U0-7, George Bradbury, Joseph Tilcomb, 
Joseph 11. Ingraham, Matthew Cobb, William Jenks; 1808-9, 
the same and Isaac Adams; ISIO, Daniel Tucker, Joseph Tjt- 
ciimb, Matthew Cobb, Jos. H. Ingraham, William Jenks, Isaac 
Adams ; 1811, Joseph Titcomb, A^itihcw Cobb, George Bradbury, 
Jos. H. Ingraham, Is.aac Adams, Enoch Preble; 1812, George 
Bradbury, .Jos. 11. Ingraham, Isaao Adams, Enoch Preble, Rich- 
ard Hunnewcll, J. Neal, William Crabtreo; 1813, Jos. II. Ingra- 
ham, Isaac AdanLs, Enoch Preble, J. Neal, Stephen Longfellow, 
William Francis, Seward Porter; 1814, the same, except Enoch 
Preble; 1815, Jos. 11. Ingraham, Isaac Adams, J. Neal, Seward 
Porter, II. Smith, William B Sewell ; 1810, Josiah Paine, Jacob 
Quincy, Daniel How, Robert Strong, P. Varnum, John Mussey, 
Jr.; 1817, Joseph H. Ingraham, Isaac Adams; 1818, Isaac Adams, 
John Woodman ; 1819, Charles Fox, N. Kinsman, Samuel Baker, 
Richard llsley, Samuel Ayer, P. Vanium. 

MAYORS OF THE CITY. 

Andrew L. Emeison,t Jonathan Dow, 1832 ; John Anderscm, 1833 ; 
Levi Cutter, 1834-41; James C. Churchill, 1841-42; John An- 
derson, 1842-43; Eliphalet Greeley, 1843-49 ; James B. Cahoon, 
1849-51 ; Neal Dow, 1851-52; Albion K. Parris, 1852-53; James 
B. Cahoon, 1853-55; Neal Dow, 1855-50; James T. McCobb, 
1850-57; William Willis, 1857-58; Jedediah Jewett, 1858-00; 
Joseph Howard, 1800-61; William W. Thomas, 1860-03; Jacob 
McLellan, 1863-60; Augustus E. Stevens, 1866-68; Jacob Mc- 
Lellun, 1808-09; Benjamin Kingsbury, Jr., 1870-73; George P. 
Wescott, 1873-75; Koswell M. Richardson, 1875-70; Francis 
Fessenden, 1876-77; Moses M. Butler, 1877-79; George Walker, 
1879. 

CITY CLERKS. 

Jose).h Pope, 1832-42; Albert Smith, 1842-43; Amos Nichols, 
181.3-44; William Boyd, 1844-50; James Merrill, 1850-57; 
William Boyd, 1857-60; James Todd, 1800-01; Jonathan M. 
Heath, 1801-09; George C. Hopkins, 1809-70; H. I. Robinson, 
1870-79. 

CITY TREASURERS. 

William Lord, 1832-42; William Moulton, 1842-43; William Lord, 
1843-53; James T. McCobb, 1853; Henry P. Lord, 1854-50; 
Joshua S. Palmer, 1856; Henry P. Lord, 1857-00; Joshua S. 
Palmer, ISOO; Henry P. Lord. J 1801-67; Henry W. llersoy, 
1808-79. 



» For reprcseniativoa to the Legislature of Maine, see chapter on 
State Legislature. 

t Resigned before his term exjiired. J Died this year. 



MUNICIPAL COURT. 
EHliMhhcdJune 1, 1825. 
.ii'STirp.s. 
Luther Fitch, 1825-54; John H. Williams, 1855-56 ; Henry Carter, 
1S50-57; AVilliam Paine, 1858-59; M. D. L. Lane, 1800-61; 
Aaron B. Holden, 1802-03; Benjamin Kingsbury, Jr., 1803-70; 
William E. Morris, 1871-75; Enoch Knight, 1875-79. 



A. W. True, 1853; George E. B. Jackson, 1854; Nathan Webb, 
1854-55; E. P. Sherwood, 1855; Samuel Small, 1850-57; Wil- 
liam E. Morris, 1858-59; William E.Morris, 1803-64; Llewelyn 
Kidder, 1807-79; George W. Woodbury, 1879. 

SCHOOLS AND EDUCATION. 

EARLY HISTORY OF SCHOOLS. 

In the first days after the revival of tlic town the inhabi- 
tants were too much occupied in providing for the security 
of their estates and for their very existence to give much 
attention to the subject of education. The earliest notice 
we have in the records of a movement to employ a teacher 
was Sept. 15, 1729. This was eleven years after the in- 
corporation of the town, and it seems that the law requir- 
ing every town of 50 families to support constantly "one 
Schoolmaster" had not been com[)lied with, for the select- 
men were requested to " look out for a schoolmaster to pre- 
vent the town's being presented." We do not know that a 
teacher was then employed, nor have wo any recorded evi- 
dence of the presence of such a functionary till 1733, when 
Robert Bayley was hired at a salary of £70 a year to keep 
six months on the Neck, three months at Puipooduck, and 
three months on the north side of Back Cove. Robert 
Bayley is supposed to have come from Newbury, where the 
family settled in 1643. In August, 1727, he was admitted 
a proprietor of Falmouth on the payment of £10, and in 
February following was granted a house lot on the south 
side of Middle Street. In 1734 his field of labor as a 
teacher was varied between the Neck, Purpooduck, Stroud- 
water, Spurwink, New Casco, and Presumpscot, two months 
in each, his salary being raised to £75. The next year he 
divided his time between the first and second parishes, 
giving .seven months to the former and five to the latter. 
In 1736 he received six pounds extra as a grammar-school 
master; hence there was a grammar school in town as early 
as 1736. It is thought Mr. Sewell took his place the next 
year, as ho is mentioned in the records as a teacher at that 
time. The next year Nicholas Hodge, by vote of the town, 
became teacher of the grammar school. He was then 
a student at Harvard College, and graduated in 1739. 
He came back and taught here till 1741, while preparing 
for the ministry under Rev. Mr. Smith. In 1737 the 
grammar school became a di.stinct institution of education, 
in which the higher branches were taught. 

About this time Samuel Stone kept a school in his 
own house on the bank of Fore River, near the foot of 
Centre Street. Thankful Page, born in 1731, says, in a 
deposition which .she left behind her, that she went to school 
to Mr. Stone two summers, some time before Cape Breton 
was taken for the first time. Stone w;is a boat-builder by 
trade, and was admitted as an inhabitant in 1727. He 
subsequently removed to Manchester, Mass., where he died 
in 1778. 




Photo, by LamsoD, Portland. 




George Walker was born in Burlington, Mass., 
Feb. 9, 1820. He was fitted for college by his 
uncle, the late James Walker, and graduated at 
Harvard College in the class of 1844. He was 
principal of the Portland Academy for two years ; 
read law with the well-known firm of " Howard 
& Shepley," of Portland, and was admitted to the 
practice of the law by the Cumberland County bar 
in 1846. 

He began the practice of law at Calais, Me., 
where he remained for two years, and removed to 



Maehias, Me., M-here he continued in the practice 
of his profession until November, 1875. He was 
twice elected treasurer of Washington County, and 
represented the Machias class in the State Legis- 
lature of 1868. 

Mr. W^alker came to Portland in November, 1875, 
and was elected mayor of the city in March, 1879. 
He married, in 1851, Henrietta, daughter of the 
late Hon. Jeremiah O'Brien. Of this union have 
been born six children, three of whom, two sons 
and a daughter, survive. 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



169 



In 1745 the salary voted " to pay the teacher now among 
us" was £130, which, as the currency was then depreciated 
(seven to one), amounted to the meagre vsum of $80 in 
silver. April 1 1th, of this year, Stephen Longfellow, the an- 
cestor of all of that name who have resided in the town, came, 
and in six days after opened a school, — probably the gram- 
mar school, — which he continued, in the capacity of princi- 
pal teacher, until he was appointed clerk of the courts on 
the division of the county, in 1760. Mr. Longfellow was 
born in Newbury, in February, 1723, and graduated from 
Harvard in 1742. He was for many years one of the most 
active, widely useful, and intelligent citizens of the town, — 
the father of Stephen, Samuel, and William Longfellow, and 
one daughter, who married Capt. John Stephenson in 1771. 
He died at Gorham in 1790, leaving to posterity the well- 
earned reputation of sound morals and strict integrity. 

In 1752, £100 lawful money were raised for the support of 
schools, and £G 13s. 4(/. were " added to the Neck's propor- 
tion," to a.ssist the inhabitants there to " support a grammar 
school." In 1753, John Wiswall, afterwards the Episcopal 
minister, who was then qu;Jifying himself for that oiEce, 
was the teacher on the Neck. He had graduated at Har- 
vard in 1749. He left in a few years, on account of his 
loyalty, at the commencement of the Revolution. Peter T. 
Smith, a son of the Rev. Thomas Smith, taught school 
on the Neck in 1755. He had graduated at Harvard in 
1753. After teaching the school a short time, he removed 
to Windham, where he subsequently settled as a minister. 
About this time a Mr. Wallace began a school, which he 
taught five or six years, in a one-story school-house, which 
stood on the corner of Middle and School Streets. He had 
a wife, and lived in the same building. He came from 
England, where he had been formerly employed as a 
draughtsman in the navy yard. 

In 1756, Jonathan Webb came here from Boston, and 
soon after opened a school, which he continued to teach for 
several years. It was kept in an old building, which stood 
on King Street, next above the towu-house. The building 
was mounted on piles, and stood a little distance back, the 
passage to it being a plank platform. Mr. Webb was called 
by the boys " Pithy" Webb, from a practice he had of 
putting the pith of the quill into his mouth when he cut it, 
in making the old-fashioned quill pens, which was the only 
kind in use in those days. He was a graduate of Harvard, 
in the class of 1 754 ; married Lucy, the eldest daughter of 
Brigadier Preble, but had no children by her. He died 
soon after the war of the Revolution commenced. His 
successor was Moses Holt, who was also a graduate of Har- 
vard in 1767, but was cut off in the midst of his honors 
and promi.se by consumption in 1772. 

*' M'e may reasou.ably conclude," .says Mr. Willis, '• that two schools 
conilucteil by male teachers wore regularly kept on the Neck from 
about 1750, that Mr. Smith succeeded Mr. Wiswall, and that Mr. 
Webb followed Mr. Smith. In 1760, the time of which we are speak- 
ing, the number of families on the Neck was about Ifio, furnishing, 
as we may fairly estimate, a population of about 1000." 

Besides the schools taught by male teachers, Mrs. Clark, 
who lived in Plumb Street, taught a school for smaller chil- 
dren. The severity of her discipline and the harshness of 
her manners were proverbial. There was also, in 1761, an 
22 



Irish teacher by the name of Richmond, whose manners 
and discipline of the same sort produced great indignation. 
He was, according to Mr. Smith, "a worthless fellow, by 
means of whom the peace of the neighborhood of the Neck 
was broken up and dreadful (|uarrelings occasioned." He 
was brought before Justice Enoch Freeman on a warrant, 
and bound over to appear before the Court of General Ses- 
sions, '' to answer his being presented for setting up and 
keeping a school in Falmouth without the approbation of 
the selectmen." The selectmen, it seems, had turned him 
out of town, but he had returned and persisted in teaching 
school in spite of them and their prohibition. A similar 
trouble occurred with another " old countryman" by the 
name of Lyon, who kept school in Fore Street, near Clay 
Cove, about the commencement of the Revolution. Of a 
very different class of teachers, however, were two gentle- 
men who taught in 1761, viz., David Wyer and Theophilus 
Bradbury. They were men who honored the highest call- 
ings to which their countrymen assigned them. Both of 
these gentlemen were then studying law, and were admitted 
to practice in the Common Pleas in 1762. Mr. Bradbury 
graduated at Harvard in 1757, and Mr. Wyer in 1758. 
3Ir. Bradbury kept a school on Plumb Street, in a house 
which remained standing till within a quite recent date. 
They probably did not teach after their admission to the 
bar, as they were the only lawyers then in the county, and 
their professional duties immediately absorbed their whole 
attention. 

In 1762 four school districts were formed in the First 
Parish, which included all of ancient Falmouth, except the 
districts of Purpooduck and New Casco. Two of the dis- 
tricts were upon the Neck, the third embraced Capisic, 
Stroudwater, Saccarappa, and Deer Hill, and the fourth 
Back Cove and the rest of the parish not included in the 
other districts. On the same occasion it was vot«d that 
each district should draw money in proportion to the taxes 
it paid, provided a school were kept in it the whole year. 

The districts on the Neck were divided by a line drawn 
across it " between Mr. Freeman's house and Mr. Waldo's," 
which was a little above where Judge Freeman lived at the 
time of his death. The upper district extended to " Round 
Marsh." 

The only money raised for schools in 1763 was £20, 
which were wholly appropriated to the grammar school. 

In 1764, Judge Freeman, then twenty-one years of age, 
kept a public school, and the next year a private school on 
the Neck. In 1769, Theophilus Parsons, afterwards the 
distinguished chief justice of Massachusetts, graduated at 
Harvard College, and immediately came here to pursue his 
legal studies under the direction of Mr. Bradbury. While 
preparing for the bar he took charge of one of the public 
schools on the Neck, which he continued to teach till he 
was admitted to practice in July, 1774. He kept in a 
house which stood on King Street, at the intersection of 
Middle Street, and was removed, in 1774, to Congress 
Street, and became part of the residence of Jonathan 
Bryant. Judge Frothingham was also one of the teachers 
in the public school here, both before and after the Revo- 
lution. But, notwithstanding the distinguished character 
of some of the men who taught in the early schools, it 



170 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



cannot be claimed that the standard of education was very 
exalted prior to the Revolution. Several college graduates 
had caiue to Falmouth, but only two of the natives of the 
town had gone out to receive a public education prior to 
that period : these were John and Peter T. Smith, sons of 
the minister. They graduated at Harvard College, the 
former in 1745, and the latter in 1753. John became a 
physician, the other followed the profession of his father. 
At the beginning of the Revolution there were 13 persons 
upon the Neck who were liberally educated, and (j of them 
were engaged in professional pursuits. 

No important steps were taken for the advancement of 
education during the period of the Revolution, nor for 
some time after, till the country had in a measure recovered 
from the effects of the war. As the means of the people 
increased, it became an important consideration with them 
to raise the standard of education in the town And with 
this view, some of the influential citizens, foremost among 
whom was Judge Freeman, took measures to establish a 
higher grade of school than had before existed in the town. 

THE ACADEMY. 

In February, 1794, they procured an act incorporating 
an academy, which was placed under the supervision of 
15 trustees, and active measures were taken to raise funds 
for its support. In 1797 the General Court granted to 
the trustees half a town.ship of land, provided a fund of 
$3000 should be formed. The fund was raised after con- 
siderable effort, and the half township laid out on the east- 
ern boundary of the State, from which the trustees realized 
$4000 by its sale to Joseph E. Foxcroft, of New Glouces- 
ter. The academy was first opened under the instruction 
of Edward Payson, in 1803, in a two-story wooden build- 
ing, opposite the meeting-house of the Third Parish, on 
Congress Street. This was occupied till 1808, when the 
new academy building on the same street was finished. 
This building was of brick, and cost $7300. This school 
was for many years well conducted and liberally supported, 
and supplied a deficiency in the means of obtaining an 
education which had long been seriously felt. 

We find in Mr. Willis' History of Portland, the follow- 
ing names of native inhabitants who received a liberal 
education up to 1831 : John Smith, H. C, 1745; Peter 
T. Smith, H. C, 1753; George Bradbury, H. C, 1789; 
S. D. Freeman, H. C, 1800; William Freeman, H. C, 
1804 ; Isaac Foster Coffin, Bowdoin College, 1806; Charles 
S. Daveis, B. C, 1807; John Mussey, B. C, 1809; Na- 
thaniel Deeriug, H. C, 1810 ; John P. Boyd, John P. B. 
Storer, Charles Freeman, and George Freeman, B. C, 
1812; John A. Douglass, B. C, 1814; George Jewett, 
H. C, 1816; George Chase, H. C, 1818; Edward T. In- 
graham, B. C., 1819 ; William Boyd, James F. Deering, 
Frederick A. Cobb, H. C, 1820 ; David H. Storer, B. C, 
1822 ; William Cutter, B. C, 1824 ; John D. Kinsman, 
Stephen Longfellow, Henry W. Longfellow, and Edward 
D. Preble, B. C, 1825; William Paine, B. C, 1826; 
William H. Codman, William P. McLcUan, and John 
Owen, B. C, 1827 ; Edward F. Cutter, B. C, 1828 ; John 
Q. Day, B. C, 1829; Francis Barbour, B. C, 1830; Ed- 
ward n. Tliomiis, B. C, 1831. The following are the sons 



of emigrants educated after their settlement here, viz. : 
John Wadsworth and James C. Jewett, H. C, 1800; 
Richard Cobb, B. C, 1806 ; Edward H. Cobb, B. C, 1810 ; 
William Willis, 11. C, 1813; Rufus K. Porter, B. C, 
1813 ; Nathan Cummings and John Widgery, B. C, 
1817 ; GrenviUe Mellen, H. C, 1818 ; Winthrop G. Mars- 
ton, B. C, 1821 ; William P. Fe.ssenden, B. C, 1824 ; 
Frederick Mellen and P. H. Greenleaf, B. C, 1825; John 
Rand, B. C, 1831. 

The immen.se improvement made in the means of com- 
mon education during the first third of the present century 
was not without its effect in giving new tone and character 
to the schools of Portland. In 1831 there were 14 free 
schools in the city, containing 1545 pupils; 2 of these 
were on the islands in the harbor. In 1832 there were 
1 1 school-houses in the town, 4 of brick and 7 of wood. 
There were at this time about as many private as public 
schools, and some of them were of a superior order of ex- 
cellence. The appropriations for school purposes increa.sed 
from £30 in 1786 to $5000 in 1827 and $6000 in 1830. 
In 1848 we find another report showing that at that date 
the number of schools supported at the public charge was 
20 ; the number of pupils belonging to them, 3000 ; and 
the average attendance, 2700. Among the public schools 
there was a high or classical school, at which boys were 
prepared for college, 2 grammar schools for boys and 2 for 
girls, the 5 containing 1000 pupils. The others were pri- 
mary schools, taught principally by ladies. For the ac- 
commodation of these schools the city owned 8 fine brick 
buildings and 6 wooden buildings. A fine brick school- 
house was erected on Congress Street in 1848, at a cost of 
$11,876. At the same time there were in the city about 
30 private schools, containing about 1000 scholars, an 
academy for classical instruction to boys, and several high 
schools or seminaries for young ladies. For some time 
previous to the incorporation of the city the monitorial 
system of teaching had been in vogue in Portland, each 
school being in charge of a single teacher. We give the 
following historical sketch of the Park Street and Brackett 
Street schools, recently consolidated in the Pine Street 
grammar school, from an address by C. F. Libby, Esq., at 
the dedication of the new and elegant building of the latter 
in September, 1879 : 

" In 1828 the brick bnilding on Spring Street, now occupieil liy the 
Practice School, was erected for Master Jackson's school, at an ex- 
pense of about $2500. The committee of that year say that the 
'building was found to answer the highest expectations, being per- 
fectly commodiouu and sufiioiently spacious to accommodate as large 
a number as it will probalily ever be desirable to collect in one school.' 
As the average number belonging to the school in that year was 190, 
it would seem that the number which it was desirable to collect in one 
school under the instruction of a single teacher had already been 
largely exceeded, and in view of this fact it is not surprising to learn 
that grainniar was not then included in the branches taught in that 
school. 

" Of some of the arduous duties of a master in those days we get s 
glimpse when we learn, as recorded by Master .lackson, that in one 
year he made more than 1 1,000 quill pens for his pupils. One fact, re- 
corded by the committee in 1837, with reference to this school, and 
deemed worthy of commendation, was the formation of an 'anti- 
swearing society' by some of the pu[iils, which was 'attended with 
much good,' in the opinion of Mr. Jackson. The judicious conduct 
of these youths can be safely recommended fur imitation in our 
schools, as we have no reason to think that the prevalence of 'the re- 




Plioto. liy Lamsoii, Portlantl. 




Sylvanus R. Lyman was born in Fryeburg, Mo., Dee. 2", ISOB. 
His grandfather, Rev. Eliphalet Lyman, was a Congregational clergy- 
man of Woodstock, Conn., for many years, and died there. His 
father, Eliphalet Lyman, graduated at Dartmouth College; studied 
medicine; was a practicing physician at Fryeburg for many years, 
subsequently at Danville, Vt., and later at Lancaster, N. H., where 
he ilied at the age of seventy-nine. 

His mother was Abigail, grandd.aughter of Eleazer Wheelock, 
founder of Dartmouth College, and daughter of Prof. Sylvanus 
Ripley, of the same institution. She was also sister of Gen. 
Eleazer Ripley, prominent in the war of 1812-14, and who died in 
Louisiana; and also a sister of Hon. James W. Ripley, of Fryeburg, 
once a member of Congress from the Oxford district. Their children 
were four sons and three daughters, — Mrs. John Crocker (deceased); 
Sylvanus R. ; Mrs. J. Philbrick, of Illinois; James W. ; Mrs. S. Rey- 
nolds, of Illinois (deceased); Charles P. (deceased); and Edward 
Huntington. His mother died, in 1837, in Louisiana. 

Sylvanus Ripley Lyman, at the age of seven, went to live with his 
grandfather, Rev. Eliphalet Lyman, of Woodstock, where he remained 
until he was sixteen, attending school winters and working on the 
farm summers. Among his schoolmates was Henry C. Bowen, of 
Brooklyn. He then spent one year at school in Lancaster and Frye- 
burg Academy, intending to prepare for college. Circumstances 
wliich he could not control prevented, and, unaided pecuniarilj', he 
began a business life. After one year's clerkship in Eaton, N. H., in 
October, 1824, he came to Portland, where, first as a clerk for four 
years, and then in trade for himself as a dry-goods merchant, for 
eight years, he successfully carried on business. 

He was elected captain of a company of State militia in 1S29, and 
subsequently ])romoted to the rank of colonel, which ofBce he resigned 
in 18.13. He became a director of the Canal Bank, and in 1836 was 
elected its president. Confiding too much in the ability of a near 
relative as a financier, Mr. Lyman, in 1836, lost nearly his entire 
property. He, soon after taking up his residence in Portland, began 
to bo interested in local and State legislation, and was active as a 
number of the old Whig party. In 1835 he was elected to the Legis- 
liiture, and by re-election was a representative from Portland for si.'E 



years in succession. He was again elected to the Legislature in ISy."*. 
His long term as member made him conversant with State and national 
affairs, and gave him influence with the leaders of parties in other 
localities than Cumberland County. From 1835 to 1841 he was a 
member of the Whig State Committee, and from 1837 to 1840 chair- 
man of that body. In May, 1841, he was appointed postmaster of 
Portland by President Tyler, and in 1843, through the agency of 
David Henshaw, of Boston, Secretary of the Navy, removed from 
ofiice. Mr. Lyman, with that confidence in the justice of his case, 
and with that courage and persistency characteristic of his whole life, 
appeared personally before President Tyler, and, upon the statement 
of the facts in the case by him, was reinstated, holding ofiice the 
remainder of the presidential term. 

In 1849-50 he was alderman of the Fifth Ward, declining re-election 
in 1851. In 1839 he was the successful candidate against William 
Pitt Fessenden as a delegate at large to the National Convention that 
nominated William Henry Harrison for President of the United States. 
In 1860 he was a delegate to the ever-memorable Charleston Conven- 
tion, which was adjourned to Baltimore, marking the era of the split 
of the Democratic party, and the consequent success of the Republican 
party in the election of Abraham Lincoln. He was also a delegate to the 
Democratic National Convention in 1864. In 1860 his name was placed 
upon the National Democratic Committee from Maine, and as a mem- 
ber of which he was prominent in its councils for twelve consecutive 
years. In 1845, following his retirement as postmaster, be commenced 
business as a ship chandler on Fore Street, and has successfully 
carried on this business since, his place of trade now being on Com- 
mercial Street. 

In 1830 he married Caroline, daughter of Deacon Thomas Beck, 
one of the founders of the Baptist Church in Portland. The children 
living of this marriage are Thomas Ripley Lyman, of New York, and 
Caroline, wife of Israel T. Dana, M.D., of Portland. Mrs. Lyman 
died in 1840. 

For his second wife ho married, in 1842, Christiana, daughter of 
Capt. Samuel Blanchard, of Portland. Their children are Helen, 
wife of Henry Littlefield, Abbio Ripley, Annie Wheelock, Elizabeth 
Dana, James Phillips, and Edward Wheelock (dccease.l). 



CITY OP PORTLAND. 



171 



volting and wicked custom of profane swearing among lads' has 
entirely ceased in our Any. 

"The school contioued in this building until 1S44, when the brick 
school-house on Park Street was erected for its accommodation, 'being 
the best arranged and the best constructed,' as the committee say, 'of 
any building for a similar purpose ever erected by the city, — both a 
credit and an ornament to our city.' The school was then known by 
the name of * Male Grammar School, No. 1,' and was soon after placed 
on a better foundation by the employment of a female teacher as as- 
sistiint. Mr. Jackson continued at the head until 18-49, when he was 
obliged to ask leave of absence on account of ill health, and never 
returned to the school, his death occurring a few months afterwards. 

" Probably no teacher connected with our public schools has ever 
left a more honorable record than Master Jackson, who was identified 
with the growth of our school system by long 3'ears of faithful and 
earnest service. He was followed by Manthanb Pickering, who con- 
tinued in charge of the school until his death, in 1863. Under his 
efficient management the standard of the school steadily advanced ; 
as a thorough instructor and disciplinarian he had no superior among 
our teachers, and his labors will ever be held in grateful remembrance 
by the pupils who were under his charge. 

** Mr. Eben Wentworth, who since 1855 had been principal of the 
intermediate school for boys, succeeded Mr. Pickering as principal of 
this school, and continued successfully to fill this position until 1869, 
when he was elected principal of the North School, and the present 
incumbent (Mr. Haines) was elected to fill his place. Mr. Went- 
worth was a teacher of rare judgment and large experience; under 
his wise management the North School was soon brought to a high 
state of proficiency and took a front rank among our schools. Four 
years ago, in consequence of impaired health, he resigned his posi- 
tion and was appointed superintendent of the State Reform School, 
where he established many wise reforms and made the school, what 
the State intended it to be, a reformatory rather than a penal institu- 
tion. His recent death has deprived the community of a useful citi- 
zen and a valuable public officer. 

"The few changes in the teachers of this school during this long 
period of more than fifty years, is a marked feature of its history and 
has contributed largely to its usefulness and success. The earnest and 
faithful labors of the men who have administered its affairs will be 
long remembered by their numerous puj)ils, now numbered among our 
active and influential citizens, and their lives deserve more than the 
passing notice which we are able to give. 

"The monitorial system of instruction, which was in use both in 
the boys' and girls' schools of the higher grades fifty years ago, and 
which had been adopted from a desire of economy, could not long pre- 
vail in a community which demanded efficiency in its common-school 
system. We accordingly find that, soon after the incorporation of our 
city, a change was demanded in this respect. The interest in popular 
education was increasing with the advance in wealth and population, 
and schools in which reading, writing, and the simple rules of arith- 
metic only were taught no longer satisfied the more progrest-ive spirit 
of the day. The girls' monitorial schools were the first lo feel the 
influence of this change. As early as 1837, ten years before the 
change was made in the boys' school, female assistants were employed 
in these schools and their course of study was advanced to a higher 
grade. In this year a building was specially erected, at a cost of 
$4300, for the accommodation of the West FemaleGrammar School on 
Spring Street, which is now used as the engine-house and ward room. 
It was described by the committee of that day as ' a tasteful and 
convenient brick edifice with a stone front.' Miss Jane Carruthers 
was then principal, with Miss Mary K. Farrington assistant. At the 
dedication of this building, Dec, 4, 1837 (one of the few school build- 
ings where I find any notice in the reports of a public dedication) the 
Rev. Jason Whitman, then pastor of the Second Unitarian society 
(Park Street), delivered an elaborate address, which was dcemc"! 
worthy of publication by the committee and is printed with this re- 
port. 

" This school, the early representative of tlic Brackelt Street Gram- 
mar School, had formerly occupied a wooden building on State Street, 
and later a building on Spring Street, both of which have long since 
been removed. Its earliest principal menti(tiied in the reports was 
a Miss Kidder, who was in charge of the school in 1826. She re- 
signed in 1829, and Miss Charlotte Hale took her place, remaining 
at its head until 1836, when she resigned on account of ill health, and 
Miss Narcissa B. Mitchell was elected principal, but remained in 



charge only a few months, when she gave place to Miss Carruthers, 
previously mentioncil. Miss Carruthers died in 1838, and Miss 
Farrington became principal. Instead of employing an assistant 
teacher, the committee of that year tried the plan of using * four of 
the most advanced young ladies in the school, who were formerly 
monitors, as assistant pupils,' dividing the salary of the assistant 
teacher among them, 'the young ladies still pursuing their own 
studies, while each of them took charge of a division of the school 
in certain branches.' This plan, however, was not satisfactory, and 
in 1S40 a regular teacher was employed as assistant. From 1845 to 
1851 Miss Mary B. Giddings was principal of the school, having 
as her assistant Miss Rachael J. Symonds until 1849, when Miss An- 
gela A. Small, who had been since 1845 a teacher in the Primary No. 
6, was appointed in her place, and in 1351 was elected principal of the 
school, with a salary of $300. With Miss Small's assumption of the 
principalship, the school seems to have entered upon a very pros- 
perous course. She was a lady of rare gifts and accomplishments as 
a teacher, and until her death, in 1870, was successively elected to re- 
sponsible positions in our public schools. Having been promoted to 
be principal of the Willis School for girls at the time of its establish- 
ment, in 1857, she remained in charge of that school until it was dis- 
continued, when she was transferred to the High School, where she 
held the position of mistress at the time of her death. 

"In 1852 the building on Brackett Street, built in 1836 and occu- 
pied as a primary school, was burned, — being, it is said, the first 
school-house ever destroyed by fire in Portland. A larger school- 
house was immediately built upon the same lot, containing upon the 
second floor rooms for a primary school, and in the third story rooms 
for a grammar school, under what was then ' the highest roof in the 
city.' To these rooms the school on Spring Street was immediately 
transferred, and has since been known as the Brackett Street 
Grammar School for girls. In 1857, Miss Lydia A. Harris, a teacher 
who had long been connected with our public schools, and whose 
name is held in affectionate remembrance by the many pupils who 
passed under her instruction, became principal of the school and re- 
mained in charge of it until she resigned her position, in 1877, when 
she was succeeded by Miss Ellen C. Williams, who is now transferred, 
with her former pupils, to this school. Any notice of the Brackett 
Street Grammar School would be inadequate which failed to recognize 
the valuable services rendered to this school by Miss Harris. Her re- 
fined influence, gentle manners, and earnest teachiug were reflected 
in the minds of her pupils, and were potent influences in the success 
of the school. 

"To-day we are about to bring together, under one management 
and one roof, these two schools whose independent existence I have 
briefly traced. The early policy, which dictated the separate educa- 
tion of the sexes, has given place to different views, more favorable, 
it is believed, to the interests of society. Modern life, with its sweep- 
ing current, has leveled many prejudices. The peculiar notions that 
once prevailed as to the proper education of women, which were based 
upon their assumed inferiority in intellectual power and fitness for 
only a * special sphere,' are fast passing away. The same liberal 
spirit which recognizes their equality of right before the law would 
extend to them equal privileges in matters of education. We have 
learned to recognize that their intellectual needs and capacities are 
equal to those of men, and that the convent system— of high walls 
and light intellectual diet, with a good deal of fancy work— is not pro- 
ductive of the best results, so far as the highest type of womanhood 
is concerned. We have found that the co-education of the sexes is 
consistent with a recognition of the special wants of each, and is at- 
tended with mutual advantage. In making the change we are intro- 
ducing no innovation into our schools. Wo are but removing an 
anomaly which has long existed in the case of four grammar schools, 
and completing a system which was initiated years ago in the highest 
and lowest grades. 

"Were time permitted to me, it would be interesting to trace the 
o-rowth of our public-school system from its earliest history, and 
show the causes which have stimulated its rapid development within 
the last fifty years. As late as 1834 the private schools in this city 
had nearly as many pupils as wore included in all the public schools, 
and not until 1850 was there established a high school for the educa- 
tion of girls, although such an institution had existed for boys ever 
since the inde[ieudcut existence of Maine as a State, and a special 
classical school for boys had been maintained since 1797. Now all 
this is changed. Private schools no longer mono]toliKe the facilities 



172 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



1871 *6:).87ft 

1872 67,175 

1873 6'J,2oO 

1874 77,800 

1875 8il.7O0 

1876 82,138 

1877 S4,il25 

1878 76.4-10 



for a higher education. In fact, they may be said to hardly exist in 
our midst. They have been crowded out by the public schools, which, 
working on a broader foundation and with more liberal provision for 
higher education, have rendered competition on the part of individ- 
uals almost impossible." 

The progress in the public schools of the city for the 
past seveuteeu years may be shown by the amount of appro- 
priations made from year to year, a.s follows : 

1862 $.'!0,500 

1863 32,192 

1864 33,yi7 

1865 39,200 

1866 44,550 

1867 53,950 

1868 57,000 

1869 64,200 

1870 64,475 

The public schools in the city at present are twenty-three 
in number, viz., one high school, for pupils of both sexes ; 
three with grammar and jirimary grades ; four grammar 
schools; nine primary ; two mixed, the latter on the islands, 
and one named the Portland School for the Deaf and 
Dumb. 

The number of persons eligible to attend school (between 
four and twenty-one, incluMve), according to the census 
taken in June, 1878, is 9581. In June, 1876, the number 
was 10,634, showing that for the two intervening years the 
number had diminished 1053. p]leven years ago (in 1867) 
the number between four and twenty-one was 11,452. The 
number attending school for this year (1878) has been 
5944. The amount rai.sed for the support of the schools 
for the municipal year ending March, 1879, was $77,400. 

School Conunittee. — George Walker, Mayor, Chairman 
{ex-officio) ; George C. Burgess, Ward One ; Frank A. Stan- 
ley, Ward Two ; William H. Shailer, Ward Three ; George 
H. Chadwick, Ward Four; Charles E. Dibby, Ward Five; 
Henry S. Burrage, Ward Six; Levi A. Gray, Ward Seven. 
Thomas Tash, Superintendent of Schools. 

In their last report the committee say, — 

*' It gives the Committee pleasure to say that the schools of the city 
generally have during the year made commendable progress, and 
maintained the honorable rank which they had previously acquired. 
In no former year perhaps has more faithful labor been accomplished 
or more satisfactory results been achieved. The standard of excel- 
lence has become more elevated, and in some respects decided advances 
have been made towards its attainment." 

The truant officer, during the year ending with March, 
1879, visited the schools 1390 times, received 1086 cards 
from the teachers for investigation, made 43 arrests, and 
committed two boys to the Reform School. Returning to 
school without arrest, 28. Truant officer reports daily to 
superintendent of schools for advice and directions. 

CHURCHES OF PORTLAND. 

The number of regular churches in Portland is twenty- 
eight. Of these nine are (Congregational, three Protestant 
Episcopal, three Baptist, four Methodist Episcopal, two Ro- 
man Catholic, two Unitarian, two Universalist, one Luth- 
eran, one Swedenborgiau, one Friends' Society, and one 
Ministry at large. Besides these there are several relig- 
ious societies worshiping in halls and other buildings, such 
as the Second Adventists, Disciples of Christ, Spiritualists, 
etc. Of suburban churches there is one Methodist and one 
Congregational at Woodford's Corners, Bay-Side Free Baj)- 



tist, Ferry Village Methodist Episcopal, and Stevens' Plains 
Universalist. 

FIRST PARISH (UNITARIAN). 

This society was the first established on the Neck, now 
Portland. Rev. Thomas Smith was the first settled minis- 
ter, and was ordained March 8, 1727. He was the only 
minister in the town till Nov. 10, 1734, when Kev. Mr. 
Allen was installed at Cape Elizabeth, which was till then 
a part of INIr. Smith's parish. There was a block-house 
held by some families at Purpooduck Point, and a garrison 
and a few families at Spurwink : at those places Rev. Mr. 
Smith used alternately to minister to the people. There 
was no other minister in town till other parishes were set 
oft. In the first parish Rev. Samuel Deane was settled as a 
colleague with Mr. Smith, Oct. 17, 1764. They continued 
together until the death of Mr. Smith, May 23, 1795. Mr. 
Deane then became sole pastor, and so remained until the 
.settlement of Rev. Ichabod Nichols, June 7, 1809. Dr. 
Deane died Nov. 12, 1814, and the whole pastoral charge 
devolved upon Dr. Nichols. 

It was soon after the settlement of Dr. Nichols over this 
parish that the divergence in religious belief, which finally 
separated them so widely from their Orthodox Congrega- 
tional brethren, began to manifest itself Rev. Edward 
Payson, who had become an associate with Dr. Kellogg in 
the second parish, in 1807, took strong exceptions to the 
views of Rev. Mr. Nichols, declining to assist in his ordina- 
tion, or to recognize him as a Christian minister. " Pre- 
vious to that time there had been an interchange of services 
between the ministers of the two societies, and although it 
was understood that Dr. Deane entertained views more fa- 
vorable to the liberal scheme of Christianity than Mr. Kel- 
logg or Mr. Payson, it did not interrupt Christian fellow- 
ship between them. After that time the narrow breach 
widened to a gulf, and in one parish what was moderate 
Calvinism became decided Unitarianism, while in the other 
the same moderate Calvinism rose into the firm orthodox 
scheme which excluded from its fellowship and its pulpits 
the ministers of the other sect." In building up this sys- 
tem Mr. Payson's ability and eloquence as a preacher bore 
no unimportant part. In 1811, atan as.sociation of ministers, 
Mr. Kellogg and Mr. Payson both declined to allow the ap- 
pointment of Mr. Nichols to preach in their pulpits to be 
carried into efi"ect, and thus the breach between the two 
societies was made permanent. 

The first meeting-house of the pari.sh was built in 1740, 
and was occupied till the commencement of the Revolution, 
when it was shattered by the balls of Capt. Mowatt's gun- 
ships in the bombardment of the town in 1775. It suf- 
fered from subsequent neglect and became a melancholy 
ruin. When the society gathered its scattered members 
after the war, it was seriously discussed whether it would 
not be better to abandon the old structure and erect a new 
one. " Many believed it unworthy of repair, and a com- 
mittee reported that it would cost £200 to restore it." In 
1787 a vote passed to pull down the old church and build 
a new one by subscription ; and Samuel Freeman, one of 
the most active and influential men in the parish, circulated 
a subscription for that purpose. The division of the | 




rboto, by Lamsuii, PortlaniJ. 




The ancestor of the Woodman family in America was 
Edward Woodman, who, in company witli Archehius Wood- 
man, settled at Newbury, Mass., in 1635. The latter was 
a passenger in the ship " James," which sailed from South- 
ampton in the month of April of that year. It is not 
known whether Edward came in the same vessel, but it is 
certain that they both settled at Newbury at the same time. 

x\rchelaus died Oct. 14, 1702, leaving no children. 
Edward reared a family of seven children. He was living 
in 1687, but the time of his death is unknown. 

John Woodman, fifth in descent from Edward, born 
April 2-1, 1740, married Sarah Page, of Salisbury, Mass., 
in 1762, settled at New Gloucester, Me., in 1764, and was 
one of the pioneers of that town. His goods came on a 
raft up Royal River. He was a farmer, and died March 
21, 1808. His wife died Feb. 13, 1809. John Woodman 
was one of fifteen children of Joshua and Eunice AVood- 
man, twelve of whom reached maturity and married. Of 
these children the shortest-lived reached the age of sixty- 
eight, and the longest-lived died at the age of ninety- 
seven. 

Moses, son of John Woodman, and father of the subject 
of this sketch, born in New Gloucester, Dee. 23, 1778, 
married Sally Cushman, Dee. 23, 1802. She died March 
6, 1815. He married, for his second wife, Charlotte Luf kin, 
Aug. 24, 1817. 

He was a representative farmer ; was selectman for many 
years, and a member of the State Legislature. He served 
as captain in the war of 1812. Hedied in 1858. One 
son, Jabez C. Woodman, was a prominent member of the 
Cumberland County bar for many years ; was a graduate 
of Bowdoin College, and died in Portland, Nov. 8, 1869, 
aged sixty-five. 

George W., born in New Gloucester, March 9, 1813, 
remained at home until twenty-two years of age ; received 
his education in the common school and by private in- 
struction from his uncle, Jabez Woodman, who was a 
graduate of Dartmouth College and a fine classical scholar. 

He began business for himself in a country store in his 



native town. In 1836, October 6, ho came to Portland, 
and in company with David J. True (True & ^\'ood- 
nian) opened a retail dry-goods house. This firm dis- 
solved partnership in 1845, and for the next five years Mr. 
Woodman was in business alone. In 1850 he associated 
with him in business Samuel True and Alfred Woodman 
( Woodman, True & Co.), and opened business as a manu- 
facturer of clothing and a jobber of dry goods and clothing. 
This business continued until the fire of 1866, when he 
suffered great loss, buildings and goods being entirely con- 
sumed. 

With that courage characteristic of him from a boy. and 
nothing daunted, Mr. Woodman at once set about building 
a place of business, and in 1867 erected the Woodman 
block on Middle Street, where he has done business since, 
and although he has had associated with him various 
partners, the firm-name of " Woodman, True & Co." is still 
retained. 

The Woodman block is one of the finest structures in 
the city of Portland, and is said to be the largest dry -goods 
house in the State of Maine. Thus Mr. Woodman has 
been an active business man of Portland for a period of 
forty-three years, and is one of the oldest dry-goods mer- 
chants in the city. During these years of continuous busi- 
ness he has been an interested citizen in local matters, and 
called to represent the interests of Portland in both branches 
of the State Legislature. 

He has been a member of the Portland Board of Trade 
since its organization ; for many years was one of its vice- 
presidents, and for four years its president. He was a 
member of the old Whig party, and is now a Republican. 
He was alderman from tlie Third Ward of the city for three 
years, representative in the State Legislature in 1864, and 
State senator in 1865-67. He married, Sept. 20, 1836, 
Charlotte B., daughter of Amos Haskell, of New Gloucester. 
She was born July 5, 1819. Their children are Frances, 
wife of Seth B. Hei-scy, of Portland ; Augusta J., wife of 
R. A. Ballon, of Bo.ston ; and Mario, wife of William E. 
Donncll, of New York. 



CITY OF POKTLAND. 



173 



parish, however, occurred at this time, and the matter was 
postponed. 

Id 1788 a committee disposed of tlio parish lands, con- 
verting them into a fund to be applied to its use, and the 
same year they put in execution the law of 178G, allowing 
them to assess their taxes upon the pews instead of upon 
the polls and estates as had previously been done. In 1792 
£250 were appropriated for the repairs of the old meeting- 
house. In 1800 the steeple and vane were repaired, and in 
1803 the remainder of the building (outside and in) was 
thoroughly painted. 

In November, 1824, the parish came to the conclusion 
to build a new meeting-house on the site of the old one, to 
be commenced early the next spring and finished without 
delay. Accordingly the present church edifice was erected 
in 1825. It is constructed of undressed granite. The 
corner-stone was laid by the venerable Samuel Freeman in 
the presence of a very large assemblage. May 9, 1825. 
On the southeast corner under the stone a silver plate was 
laid with this inscription : 

" This C. Stone of ye Ch. of ye 1st Par. in Port'd. was laid hy the 
Hon. S. Freeman, May 9, 1825, on the site of the former Ch. erected 
in t7i0, enlarged in 1759 and removed 1S25. Build. Com'e. A. New- 
hall, J. Richardson and J. Mussey Esqrs. 1st Pas. Rev. T. Smith 
ord'd. in 1727, and Sen. Coll. from 1764 to his death in 1795 with the 
Rev. Dr. Deane, who died in 1814, and with whom the 3d and present 
Pas. the Rev. Dr. Nichols was associated in 1809. Deacons, Hon. S. 
Freeman and W. Storer. Par. Com. Hon. B. Potter, C. B. Brooks 
Esq. and J. Harrod. Treas. and Clerk C. S. Davies, Esq. [on the 
other side] Builders, Henry Dyer, Mason; Nathan How, Carpenter; 
Stephen Morrell, Stone Cutter." 

The whole expense of the church, including the fences 
and laying out the grounds around, was about $23,000. The 
house was finished in January, and dedicated Feb. 8, 1826, 
Dr. Nichols preaching the dedicatory sermon, assisted by 
Dr. Parker, of Portsmouth. 

This parish has been remarkable for its lengthy pastor- 
ates. From the organization of the society in 1727 to 
1879, a period of one hundred and fifty-two years, there 
have been but five pastors, and in no part of the time has 
the office been vacant. The periods of the respective pas- 
torates have been as follows : 

Rev. Thomas Smith began his ministry March 8, 1727, 
and continued till bis death. May 23, 1795, a ministry of 
sixty-eight years and two months, thirty-one years of which 
were in connection with his colleague, Rev. Dr. Deane. 

Rev. Samuel Deane's ministry began Oct. 17, 1764, and 
continued till his death, Nov. 12, 1814, a ministry of fifty 
years, five of which were in connection with his colleague. 
Rev. Dr. Nichols. 

Rev. Ichabod Nichols began his ministry in 1809 and 
resigned in 1855, having served the parish forty-six years. 

Rev. Horatio Stebbins, who succeeded Dr. Nichols in 
the pastoral charge, was minister of the parish nine years, 
from 1855 to 1864, when he resigned. He is now preach- 
ing to great acceptance in San Francisco, Cal. 

Rev. Thomas Hill, D.D., the learned and accomplished 
ex-president of Harvard College, succeeded Mr. Stebbins, 
and is now in the sixteenth year of his pastorate. 

In the offices also of the church and society an extraor- 
dinary degree of steadiness is observable : the office of parish 



clerk was held by three persons sixty-seven years; Samuel 
Cobb was deacon thirty-nine and Samuel Freeman forty- 
four years. The three persons who held the office of clerk 
so long were Stephen Longfellow, twenty-three years; John 
Frothingham, thirty-four years; and Samuel Moody, ten 
years. 

It will be proper to append here a few biographical notes 
of the pastors of the first parish. 

Rev. Thomas Smith was the son of Thomas Smith and 
Mary Corwin, and was born in Boston, March 10, 1702. 
He was the eldest of a large family of children, all of 
whom he survived. His father died at Saco, February 19, 
1742; he was engaged there as Indian agent, and had been 
for many years in the service of the government in connec- 
tion with Indian affairs in this State. In 1716, at the age 
of fourteen, Mr. Smith entered Harvard College, where 
he graduated in 1720. In 1727 he settled as the first 
parish minister in Falmouth. lie was three times married: 
his first wife was Sarah, daughter of William Tyng, Esq., 
of Woburn, Mass., to whom he was married Sept. 12, 1728, 
and who died Oct. 1, 1742; the second was the widow of 
Capt. Samuel Jordan, of Saco, whom he married in 1744, 
she died in 1763 ; and his third wife was Widow Elizabeth 
Wendell, who survived him. He had eight children, all 
by his first wife, only two of whom survived him, viz., 
Peter T., born in 1731, and Sarah, born in 1740, who both 
died in 1827. Mr. Smith died May 23, 1795, in the 
ninety-fourth year of his age, after a ministry over the 
First Parish of sixty-eight years and two months. Dr. Kel- 
logg at his funeral said, — 

" On the record of Harvard's sons we find his solitnri/ name ; to all 
around is prefixed the signature of death. The wilderness where he 
first pitched his tent is now the place of vineyards and of gardens. Not 
a soul that first composed his flock is now in the land of the living." 

The character of this venerable man, whose life was full 
of so many eventful years, may well impress us. He was a 
man of very strong and marked characteristics, a preacher 
of great fervor and devotion. It is said by his biographer 
that " he was blessed with a singular strength of memory, 
which he retained with little abatement to the last, and with 
a lively imagination, which rendered his conversation in- 
structive and entertaining." His voice was naturally feeble, 
but the excellency of bis elocution, accompanied by his grave 
and earnest manner, rendered him a very agreeable and 
forcible speaker. His labors in attending to his parish 
duties, and in keeping the connected and voluminous diary 
which has been published since his death, must have been 
incessant and exhausting. During his ministry in the First 
Parish he baptized 2363 children and 31 adults, and re- 
ceived 379 persons into his church. 

Rev. Samuel Deane, D.D., was the great-grandson of 
John Deane, the first of the name in this country, who 
emigrated with his brother Walter from Chardin, Somer- 
setshire, England, in 1636. After remaining a year in 
Dorchester, near Boston, he removed to Taunton, >Iass., 
where he died, leaving four sons and one daughter. 

Dr. Deane was the eldest son of Deacon Samuel Deane, 
and was born in Norton, Mass., in 1733. He graduated at 
Harvard College in 1760, with a high reputation as a 
scholar, was appointed tutor there in 1763, and continued 



174 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



in the ofEoe until lie acceptt'd the call of the First Parish 
the next year. While at Cambridge he composed a Latin 
poem, which, with a volume of complimentary effusions 
from the University, was presented to George III., on his 
I accession to the throne The poem was highly .spoken of. 
' He also published several other poems, the longest of which 
was " Pitchwood Hill," in hexameter. His largest work, 
the one to which he was most devoted, and which will 
longest preserve his memory, is his " Georgical Dictionary, 
or New England Farmer," first published in 171)0. Besides 
the foregoing works. Dr. Deane published an oration, de- 
livered July 4, 1793 ; an election sermon, delivered in 
1794 ; two discourses to young men of his parish, and 
some other sermons. He was a man of dignified personal 
appearance, but in hours of relaxation he was fond of in- 
dulging in social conversation, which he often enlivened 
with pleasantry and wit. He was a member of the Ameri- 
can Academy of Arts and Sciences, and received his 
doctorate of divinity from Brown University. He married 
Eunice, daughter of Moses Pearson, in 17G6, but had no 
children. His wife died Oct. 14, 1812, aged eighty-seven. 
He died Nov. 12, 1814, in the eighty-first year of his age, 
and the fiftieth of his ministry. 

Dr. Nichols was born in Portsmouth, N. H., July 5, 
1784. He was the fourth son of Capt. lehabod and Lydia 
(Ropes) Nichols. His parents removing to Salem when he 
was quite young, he was there fitted for college, in the high 
school, and entered Harvard, where he graduated with the 
highest honors of his class, in 1802. In 1805, while pur- 
suing his theological studies with Dr. Barnard, of Salem, 
he received the appointment of tutor in mathematics, at 
Cambridge, and continued to fill that office until his accept- 
ance of the pastorate in this place. While exercising the 
routine duties of his office he was not neglectful of the 
profoundest studies of science and theology. He was a 
well-instructed German scholar, and kept pace with the 
best thought and discoveries of his time. Deeply in- 
terested in the temperance and Sunday-school cause, he 
lectured and preached often in aid of the former, and for 
the latter prepared a treatise on natural theology, which 
has found a place in theological schools. 

[n 1810, Dr. Nichols married, for his first wife, Dorothea 
T. Gilman, of Exeter, daughter of Governor Gilmau, by 
whom he had four children, all sons, two of whom died 
young, and two survived him. He married his second 
wife, a daughter of the late Stephen Higgenson, in 1832. 

Like his predecessor. Dr. Nichols was a member of the 
American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was also 
for several years president of the Maine Historical Society, 
and for forty-two years a trustee of Bowdoin College, which 
in.stitution conferred upon him the degree of D.D. in 1821. 
He also received the same title from Harvard in 1831. 

Dr. Nichols, on leaving the pastorate of the First Parish, 
retired to Cambridge, where he was engaged in getting out 
the profound work which had been for many years the sub- 
ject of his meditations. He did not live to finish it. On 
the 2d of January, 1859, before the first volume came 
from the press, he was summoned from his earthly labors. I 

Rev. Horatio Stebbins, who succeeded him in the pas- ' 
toral charge here, is now preaching with great acceptance , 



in San Francisco, Cal. He resigned his charge over this 
parish in 18(!4, and was succeeded by the learned ex-Presi- 
denl of Harvard College, Rev. Dr. Thomas Hill. 

SECOND PARISH (CONGREGATIONAL). 

This parish originated in a .separation from the First 
Parish of 59 persons, including John Fox, Thomas Sand- 
ford, Lemuel Weeks, Joseph H. Ingraham, John Curtis, 
Joseph McLellan, Joseph Jewett, John Bagley, James 
Jewett, Hugh McLellan, Abner Lowell, John Robinson, 
William Moody, and Enoch Moody, by a vote of 29 to 13, 
on the 12th of September, 1787. They procured an act of 
incorporation March 17, 1788, one of the conditions of 
which was that they .should contribute to the support of 
Rev. Mr. Smith one-quarter of the amount voted to him by 
the First Pari.sh. This, however, did not hinder them from 
taking immediate steps to secure another minister. They 
wrote at once to Rev. Mr. Murray, of Newburyport, to 
recommend a candidate to preach to them, and he sent them 
Rev. Elijah Kellogg. Mr. Kellogg had studied for the 
ministry under the direction of Mr. Murray, and came to 
Portland in October, 1787, where he preached four Sundays 
in the North school-house, at the foot of Middle Street. 
'' The excitement which existed in town, the novelty of the 
occasion, and the peculiar and ardent manner of Mr. Kel- 
logg drew around him a large congregation, and for a time 
almost overturned the foundation of the old parish." 

The next year the new society erected their first meeting- 
house. It was dedicated on the 28th of September, 1788, 
and on the 30th a church was formed consisting of 11 male 
members. Mr. Kellogg was ordained on the 1st of October 
following, and for 19 years the new society continued to 
prosper under his sole charge. Dui'ing tlie early part of 
this period the spirit which had produced the separation kept 
up a feeling of rivalry and opposition until both parishes 
had overcome the embarrassment of their affairs ; but when 
experience proved that both could be well sustained, all 
jealousy subsided, and the ministers interchanged services 
in a spirit of harmony very acceptable to their people. It 
is proper to remark here that difference of doctrinal views 
had nothing to do in producing this separation, and that 
it was not until after both parishes were well established 
that the divergence of belief arose which has separated them 
so widely. 

In 1807, Mr. Kellogg, having a desire to extend his 
society and to establish a branch of it at the western end 
of the town, which was then rapidly increasing, procured 
the assistance of Mr. Edward Payson, with a view, if his ser- 
vices should be satisfactory to the parish, to have him 
united with himself as colleague pastor. The high expecta- 
tions of Mr. Kellogg in relation to Mr. Payson were more 
than realized ; he entered on the duties of his profession 
with all the ardor of devoted feeling, and threw the whole 
power of his enthusiastic character into the offices of hLs 
ministry. Such ardor and enthusiasm, accompanied by 
geniu.s, could not but win the hearts of his hearers, and 
there was no hesitation on their part in giving him a call 
to settle over them. He accepted the invitation, and was 
ordained as the colleague of Mr. Kellogg, Dec. 16, 1807. 

Under this accession of ministerial power the society in- 




^ih^a. 



<t 



/^<i^e^o, 



Daniel W. True is seventh in descent from 
Henry True, wlio was of English birth, and «une to 
Salcnij Mass., in 1(532. His great-grandfather, Jabez, 
settled with his family in the town of New Glouces- 
ter, in 1760, as one of the first settlers under the 
old i)roj)rietors of Massachusetts, and died there. 
His grandfather, Jabez, born in 1750, was ten years 
of age when the family removed to Cumberland 
County. He married Miss Collins, reared a family 
of children, and died in New Gloucester in 1823. 

His father, Jabez, born on the old homestead in 
1771, married Hannah Jackson, Jan. 23, 1795. She 
was born in Gloucester, Mass., May 18, 1776, and 
died in 1841. He followed agricultural pursuits 
during his life, wa.s a man of correct habits and 
sterling integrity, and died in 1842. Their family 
consisted of five sons and seven daughters, of whom 
six are fiving in 1879,— one son, Otis, besides Daniel 
W., the subject of this narrative, and four daughters. 

Daniel W. True, youngest of the family, was born 
in Poland (now Androscoggin County), Aug. 20, 
1 821 . He remained at home until 1853, where, dur- 
ing his boyhood, he received a common-school edu- 
cation, and afterwards carried on farming. In that 
year he came to Portland, and for two years was a 
clerk for Shaw it True, wholesale <>i-ocers. 



In 1855, with his brother John as partner, under 
the firm of J. &. D. W. True, he began business on 
Commercial Street as a wholesale grocer. 

John True retired in 1862, since which time Mr. 
True has continued the business, having associated 
with him other partners. His business has kept 
pace with the growing demands of trade, and his good 
judgment and business capacity gives him a place 
among the well-established business men of Port- 
land. 

While a farmer he took an active interest in the 
local affairs of his town and county, and while a resi- 
dent of Poland was one of the selectmen of the town 
for four years. He is a director of the Cumberland 
National Bank of Portland, and one of the trustees 
of the Maine Savings Bank. He was a representa- 
tive in the State Legislature in 1875-76. He mar- 
ried, Aug. 29, 1847, Mary F. Milliken, of Poland, 
Me. They have an only son, Frank D. True, born 
April 25, 1868. 

Mr. True still retains possession of the farm fii-st 
settled by his father in 1798, and has caused to be 
erected thereon commodious buildings of modern 
design, a view of which, as it is in 1879, and as it 
appeared in the hands of his ancestors, may be seen 
on another page of this work. 



CITY OP POKTLAND. 



175 



creased very rapidly, and Mr. Payson showed that he pos- 
sessed the elements of a powerful and persuasive minister ; 
his society and church became by far the largest in the 
State, and himself the most popular preacher of his day. 
The meeting-house was enlarged in 1807, to accommodate 
the increased members of the society ; it was divided at the 
first bay before the pulpit, and 32 new pews on the ground- 
floor were added and sold for the benefit of the parish. The 
house subsequently underwent an entire change in its in- 
terior arrangement. 

Amidst the great success produced by the zeal and ardor 
of Mr. Payson, and while an apparent harmony existed in 
the society, symptoms of disunion suddenly appeared, the 
cause of which is not fully developed, and Mr. Kellogg's 
connection with the church and society was dissolved in 
December, 1811. The plan which had been fondly cherished 
by the senior pastor of extending the society and forming a 
branch in the westerly part of the town was abandoned. 
The whole of the laborious duty now devolved upon Mr. 
Payson, which he continued to discharge with renewed 
assiduity and zeal until he wore himself out in the service, 
and died Oct. 22, 1827. 

Several of Mr. Payson's discourses were published during 
his lifetime, and had an extensive circulation, particularly 
one before the Bible Society, and another to seamen. After 
his death two volumes of his sermons and a memoir of his 
life was published under the direction and for the benefit of 
his widow. 

Mr. Payson was succeeded by Rev. Bennett Tyler, Presi- 
dent of Dartmouth College, who was installed in September, 
1828. He continued in the pastoral relation till 183-i, 
when he was succeeded by Rev. Joseph Vail, of Brimfield, 
Mass., who was installed the same year. In October, 1837, 
Mr. Vail was dismis.sed at his own request, on account of 
ill health, and returned to his former charge in Brimfield. 
In 1838, Rev. Jonathan B. Condit, of New Jersey, was 
settled in the place of Mr. Vail. Mr. Condit's health 
becoming impaired, he made a voyage to Europe in 1843, 
the parish liberally continuing his salary and supplying the 
pulpit during his absence. In 1845, Mr. Condit asked 
and received, though reluctantly, from the parish, a dismis- 
sion on account of his wife's health, which was seriously 
affected by the climate. In 1846, Dr. John S. Caruthers, 
of Montreal, was installed in the sacred office. 

THE CHAPEL CONGREGATIONAL SOCIETY 

was formed on the 18th of March, 1812, by the secession 
of Deacon James Jewett and 31 others from the Second 
Church, who formed themselves into a distinct society 
under the above name. The dismission of these persons 
was procured by the aid of an ecclesiastical council, which 
proceeded at the same time to install Mr. Kellogg as the 
pastor of this society, he having accepted their unanimous 
call. This small body was joined by .some members from 
the Second and Third Parishes, and their meetings were held 
in the house of the third society ; the same year an act of 
incorporation was obtained. It was the design of this 
society to build a house in the southwesterly part of the 
town, as had been contemplated by Mr. Kellogg when the 
connection was formed between him and Mr. Payson. But 



the war and commercial embarra.ssments taking place blasted 
at once all the hopes of giving .strength to their .society by 
the erection of a house of worship in a part of the town 
where one was much needed, and they reluctantly accepted 
the offer of the third society to take the conveyance of 
their house encumbered as it was with a heavy debt. After 
about six years, the fortunes of the society still continuing 
unfavorable, Mr. Kellogg propo.sed to relinquish the whole 
of his salary on two conditions : one was that the creditors 
who had claims upon the meeting-house, and were princi- 
pally proprietors, should accept a composition of 50 per 
cent, of the sums due them ; the other was that they 
should settle a colleague with him to enable him to engage 
a part of the time in the missionary service. The proposi- 
tions were accepted ; the Rev. Thomas S. Murdock was 
invited to become colleague with the Rev. Mr. Kellogg, and 
the pews were sold on the expectation of his ordination for 
a suflficient sum to redeem the liabilities of the parish at 
50 per cent. But the ordination of Mr. Murdock having 
been delayed by sickness in his family, the purchasers of 
pews declined paying for them, and the compromise was 
not carried into effect, so that the burden continued upon 
the parish. Mr. Murdock, however, was ordained in Sep- 
tember, 1819, and continued to discharge the duties of the 
pastoral office until March, 1821, when it was dissolved by 
mutual consent. Mr. Kellogg again became sole pastor ; he 
soon procured the assistance of Mr. Whipple, a popular 
preacher, to whom an unanimous invitation was given, but 
declined. Mr. Mason supplied the pulpit a short time in 
1821, during an absence of Mr. Kellogg on a mission, and 
on the return of the latter, in December of that year, the 
pastoral relation at his request was dissolved.* In the 
spring of 1822, the Rev. Thomas Smith came to preach to 
the society, and his services were so acceptable that he re- 
ceived a united call and was ordained July 30th of that year. 
Some additions were made to the congregation, and several 
members were received into the church. He continued his 
services till 1824, when, the society not being able to give 
him a sufficient support, the connection was dissolved by 
mutual consent. This was their last regular minister. The 
society and church joined other parishes in town, about 35 
of them becoming united with the Second Church, from 
which twelve years before they had derived their separate 
existence. In 1825 they sold their meeting-house, with its 
heavy incumbrance, to a new society just then formed. 

THE THIRD CONGllEGATIONAL SOCIETY 

was established in 1825. The church, consisting of 20 
male and 15 female members, was set off from the Second 
Church, and founded on the 9th of September of that year. 
The same year they purchased the meeting-house of the 
Chapel Society, and settled Rev. Charles Jenkins a.s their 
pastor in November, 1825. The society increased rapidly 
under the pastoral care of Mr. Jenkins until Dec. 29, 1831, 
when he died suddenly. He was an accomplished scholar 



« Tho parish committee addressed a letter to iMr. Kellogg, in which 
they expressed the regret of tho society in parting with him. and ten- 
dered him it.< thauks lor his faithful services. They suy, "This 
requesl ihc society grunted you wiih many painful feelings, and nol 
without honourablo testimonies of your merits and services." 



176 



HISTOKY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



and able preacher. He was a graduate of Williams College 
in 1813, and was forty-three years old at the time of his 
death. He was sueoceded by Rev. Wm. T. Dwight, who 
was ordained June G, 1832. After the society purchased 
their ineeting-liouse they made extensive improvements, 
rendering it handsome and convenient, and went on pros- 
perously. 

Dr. Dwight, the pastor, was a son of the late distin- 
guished president of Yale College, was born in New Haven 
in 1795, and graduated at Yale in 1813. He was a tutor 
in the college four years, and afterwards practiced law 
in Philadelphia. But not liking the profession he pre- 
pared himself for the ministry, of which he became a bright 
ornament. His able ministerial services here continued 
nearly thirty-two years, he terminating his labors in connec- 
tion with the parish in April, 1864. 

After this. Rev. Jeremiah E. Walton, of Albany, N. Y., 
preached for the society as stated supply till May 1, 1866. 
In December, 1869, this church and the Central Congre- 
gational Church were consolidated in the organization 
now known as Plymouth Church. 

HIGH STREET CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

In 1830 the Second Parish, having been so large as not 
to be conveniently accommodated in their house of worship, 
and many of the members living remote from it in the 
upper part of the town, a number of them held a meeting 
in December, to take into consideration the expediency of 
forming a new society, and erecting another church at the 
west end. The plan met with general approbation, and 
committees were appointed to carry it into execution. In 
the following January a lot was purchased on High Street, 
and a handsome and commodious church edifice erected the 
ensuing year. The corner-stone was laid by Albion K. 
Parris, May 28, 1831, Rev. Dr. Tyler, of the Second 
Church, delivering the address. The building committee 
were Nehemiah Cram, William Wood, John A. Smith, 
Ma.son Greenwood, Oliver B. Dorrance ; Nathan How, 
Superintendent. Parish Committee : Henry Goddard, John 
Bartells, Eben Steele ; Ezekiel Day, Treasurer ; William 
Cutter, Clerk. Building Contractors : Ebenezer Wilson, 
Master Mason ; Eli Webb, Master Joiner. The building 
is of brick, with one course of long stained-glass windows ; 
it is 84 by 68 feet, with tower and belfry, the cost of the 
building being $15,000. 

The society was incorporated under the general statute, 
Feb. 11, 1831, by the name of " High Street Church." In 
September a church was formed consisting of 27 male and 
37 female members, set oif from the Second and Third 
Congregational Churches. The house was dedicated in 
January, 1832, Rev. Dr. Tyler preaching the sermon, 
assisted by Rev. Messrs. Cunimings and Cox. In Febru- 
ary the society invited Rev. Willard Child, of Pittsford, 
Vt., to take the pastoral charge, but he declined, and in 
June following they extended a call to Rev. George C. 
Beckwith, of Andover, who accepted, and was installed 
Aug. 8, 1832. He remained pastor of the society about 
two years and a half. On the 2d of April, 1835, he was 
succeeded by Rev. John W. Chickering, a graduate of 
Middlebury College in 1826, and who continued the pop- 



ular and useful pastor of the society for nearly thirty years, 
resigning his charge in the spring of 1864. Rev. William 
H. Fenn, the present pastor, was installed July 25, 1866, 
and is now (August, 1879) in the fourteenth year of his 
pastorate. 

STATE STREET CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

This church was established as an offshoot from High 
Street Church in 1851. A suflBcient sum having been sub- 
scribed, principally by members of the parent church, and 
a lot purchased on State Street, the church edifice was com- 
menced in the fall of 1851, and finished the next spring. 
The church was organized under the name of " The State 
Street Church," in March, 1852. It consisted of 58 
members, of whom 48 were from High Street Church, 4 
each from the Second and Third Churches, and 2 from 
churches in Boston. In June the house was dedicated, 
and on the 27th of April, 1853, Rev. Hugh Smith Car- 
penter was installed as pastor. He resigned in April, 1857, 
and returned to New York. After being without a pastor 
for more than a year and a half, the church called and or- 
dained George Lyon Walker, Oct. 18, 1858. Mr. Walker 
is a native of Brattleboro', Vt., and a graduate of Middle- 
bury College. 

Edward Y. Hincks, a graduate of the Andover Theo- 
logical Seminary, was ordained to the ministry and settled 
as pastor of this church Oct. 18, 1870, and still remains 
in charge. 

THE CENTRAL, 

formerly the "Union Congregational Church," had its ori- 
gin in the withdrawal from the State Street Church of 22 
of its members, for the purpose of forming a new church. 
The first public services were held in Union Hall, Sept. 
30, 1855, and were conducted by Rev. Henry D. Moore, 
who had been invited to become the pastor of the church. 
Jan. 24, 1856, the new church was publicly recognized by 
an ecclesiastical council, numbering at that time 33 mem- 
bers. In April, 1856, a lot of ground was procured on 
Congress Street, west of High, on which a handsome and 
spacious church was erected, and dedicated December 18th 
of the same year. 

Jan. 29, 1857, Rev. Henry D. Moore was installed. The 
house of worship was destroyed by fire on Saturday night, 
March 15, 1862. In August, 1862, the work of rebuild- 
ing was commenced, according to the plan of the former 
church, and the basement was occupied for services in No- 
vember. The church was finished and dedicated April 
26, 1863. At the annual meeting in 1862 it had been 
voted unanimously to change the name of the church from 
"Union" to the Central Congregational Church. 

The successor of Rev. Mr. Moore, and last pastor of this 
church, was Rev. Benson M. Finck, who was installed 
April 9, 1868, and continued till Aug. 18, 1869. 

ST. LAWRENCE STREET CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 

was founded in 1858, with a view to meet the religious 
wants of a large population on JIunjoy Hill. The society 
was formed and the church erected during the year named, 
and on the 22d of September, 1858, Rev. Edward Payson 
Thwing was ordained the first psuitor. He resigned in 
1862, to take charge of a Congregational Church in 




^ia^ (o 



(TAK 



The Coreys were among the earliest settlers of Koxbury, 
IMass., tlie records of which town show that Philip Corey 
and Mary Scarborough were married Oct. 1, 1647. This 
Philip came from England, but lohen, the record does not 
state. The grandfather of the subject of this notice was 
named Ebenezer, and was born Jan. 14, 1756. He was a 
lieutenant in tlie Revolution, although but twenty years 
old when independence was declared. 

His father, John Corey, born in West Roxbury, JMass., 
Feb. 16, 1787, married Nancy Ward, of Weymouth, 
JIass., Jan. 27, 1812, and settled in Portland in the year 
1808. He early learned the wheelwright trade, but while 
a resident of Portland manufactured furniture and car- 
ried on trade with Alexandria, Va. He died May 15, 
1825. 

His wife, born in Weymouth, Oct. 29, 1700, and who 
died 3Iay 19, 1863, was a descendant of ■' Daniel Gookin, 
an American author and soldier, born in Kent, England, 
1612; died in Cambridge, Mass., March 19, 1687. He 
came with his father to Virginia in 1621. Held with 
thirty-five men his plantation, now Newport News, against 
the savages during the massacres of March, 1622 ; removed 
to Massachusetts, in 1G44, on account of his sympathy with 
the Puritans. He settled in Cambridge in 1656 ; became 
superintendent of all the Indians who had submitted to the 
government of Massachusetts, an office which he held till 
his death. He is said to have written the history of Now 
England, which is lost."* 

Ebeu Corey, born in Portland, Jan. 16, 1824, was the 
youngest of three children, and received his education in 
the schools of Portland. At the age of sixteen he be- 
came a clerk in a grocery house, where he remained until 
1845, when he became a clerk in the wholesale and retail 



Appleton's Encyclopa>(lia. 



iron store of Francis Edmunds. In 1846, during the 
absence of Mr. Edmunds in Boston, Mr. Corey took charge 
of the business, and in 1848 purchased the Edmunds 
interest. On Nov. 1, 1869, he purchased the interest of 
the late John C. Brooks in the iron business, which was 
established by his father. Cotton B. Brooks, in 1801, and 
was the oldest iron house in Maine. The iron store of 
Francis Edmunds was established soon after that of Cotton 
B. Brooks, by Daniel Gilbert & Co., and thus in their 
purchase Mr. Corey united the trade established by the 
two oldest iron houses in the State. He carried on a large 
import trade with England until 1 874, when the cheapness 
of manufacture in this country brought the balance of 
trade to the United States. Mr. Corey has not been un- 
mindful of the duties of the citizen amid business cares, 
with its successes and reverses. He was one of the incor- 
porators of the Portland Mercantile Library ; held the 
various offices it bestowed, being its president for a term, 
and was an interested member until it was ovei-shadowed 
by the public library. 

He was an original stockholder and director in the Port- 
land Railroad Company. He was a director of the Cum- 
berland National Bank of Portland for several years, and 
is interested in a spring and axle manufactory at Gardiner, 
Me. Formerly a Whig, he is now a Republican. He was 
a member of the City Council, 1864-65, and alderman in 
1871-72. He is one of the parish committee of the State 
Street Congregational ('hurch. He is also "high up" 
in Masonry, being a member of the Ancient Landmark 
Lodge of F. and A. M., of Mount Vernon Chapter, R. A. 
M., of Portland Coniniandery, K. T., and is treasurer of 
the Portland Masonic Relief Association. 

He married. May 20, 1852, Elizabeth H., daughter of 
Capt. -lohn Sawyer, of Portland. Their children are 
Kdward ^V., William S., Frank S., and John L. 



ClXr OF PORTLAND. 



177 



Quincy, Mass., and was succeeded by Rev. John H. Mor- 
dough. The pastors since have been Rev. Samuel M. 
Morrison, installed Oct. 25, 1865, rcsiiined Nov. 4, 18(i7. 
Ryv. 11. K. Harlow, acting pastor from Oct. 17, 1868, to 
near the close of 1870. Rev. Abiel H. Wright, installed 
April 19, 1871, and is the present pastor. 

PLyjIOUTII (CONGREGATIONAL) CHURCH 

was formed by the consolidation of the Third and Central 
Congregational Churches of Portland, Dec. 27, 1869, and 
has since occupied what was formerly the Central Church 
edifice, on Congress Square. This cliurch has had but 
three pastors, viz. : Rev. Mosely H. Williams, installed 
Nov. 29, 1870, dismissed Nov. 21, 1873 ; Rev. Charles F. 
Dole, installed April 22, 1874, di.smi.ssod Sept. 27, 1877; 
and Rev. Herbert W. Lutlie, the present pastor, installed 
Sept. 27, 1877. 

WEST CONGREGATIONAI, CHURCH. 

This church grew out of the principle of church exten- 
sion to meet the wants of the inhabitants of the west end 
of the city and the country immediately adjacent. It was 
founded chiefly by the exertions of Rev. Dr. Chickering 
and members of his parish. The church edifice was com- 
menced in 1860, and dedicated Jan. 17, 1861. A bell 
was placed in the tower in July following, and a church 
organization effected Sept. 17, 1862, consisting of 17 per- 
sons. Rev. Josiah Turner preached for the society a short 
time, and was succeeded by Rev. George A. Tewksbury, in 
December, 1863. The number of church members in 
May, 1864, was 28, and of tiie Sunday-school 130. 

BETHEL CHURCH FOR SEAMEN 

was organized in September, 1842. In 1829 a society was 
ineorpoi'ated to provide for religious instruction to seamen, 
under the name of " The Trustees of the Slariners' Church." 
A large granite building on Fore Street, between Long and 
Commercial Wharves, was erected in 1828 at a cost of $33,- 
000, and a spacious chapel was finished in the third story, 
where services were held till the building pa.ssed out of the 
hands of the trustees. They were then held in Exchange 
and City Halls by Rev. George W. Bourne and Rev. 
David M. Mitchell. In 1849 a brick church was erected 
near the corner of Fore and Chatham Streets, and the 
Bethel Chapel for seamen became established. Rev. 
Samuel Merrill was installed in 1856, and Rev. V. J. 
Hartshorn in July, 1864. The pastor since has been Rev. 
Francis Southworth, installed June 11, 1866, who still oc- 
cupies the pastorate. 

EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 
OLD ST. Paul's. 
The origin of Episcopacy in Maine, and of its establish- 
ment in Portland, are shown in the following concise pre- 
fatory note to the " Minutes of the Convention of the Dio- 
cese of Maine," by the Rev. Charles W. Hayes, secretary 
of the Convention : 

" It is well known that Maine was originally a Cburcli of England 
colony. Richard Seymour, the chaplain of the Popham colony of 
1607, held the first service of the Church (probably the first Christian 

23 



service of any kind) in all New England; Uichard Gibson, for some 
years, from lOSfi, officiated at Saeo and Richmond's Island (near Port- 
land), in each of which places a church appears to have been erected ; 
and Robert .Jorda^n, from his arrival in 1640, was for Ihirly-si.v years 
the minister of all the sctt'emcnts between Falmouth (now Portland) 
and Porlsnioutb, N. JI. From his time, under the Puritan rule of 
Massachusitt-, the minislratiuns of the Cburih were suspended for 
eighty years. In 1756 the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel 
sent the Rev. Mr. Macelenachan as missionary to the Kennebec; in 
17611, a more cfficicni successor, the Rev. Jacob Bailey, built a church 
and parsonage at Pownalboro' ; and in 1768 the Rev. Willard 
Wheeler took charge of the mission at flcorgclown, remaining, how- 
ever, only four years. Meantime St. Paul's Church, Portlaml, was 
founded in 1764, and John Wiswall, a graduate of Harvard, became 
the first rector of the parish, which, in 1774, numbered seventy fami- 
lies." . . . 

We are indebted to a i)amphlcl hi.story by Bishop Perry, 
publislied in 1863, for a knowledge of the fact that Rev. Mr. 
Wiswall, prior to becoming rector of St. Paul's, was pastor 
of the New Casco (^Congregational) Parish of Falmouth. 
There had grown up among the members of tlic First Par- 
ish a spirit of dissatisfaction with their preacher. Rev. 
Thomas Smith, and efforts had been U)ade for several yeans 
either to organize a new society, or, by non-attendance on 
the ministrations of Jlr. Smith, to induce his resignation. 
Sundays found the malcontents driving ostentatiously 
through the streets to hear Wiswall, the younger and more 
attractive preacher over the New Casco Pari.sh. There was, 
besides, an element of Episcopacy in the town, which was 
not unnatural in a place to which a growing trade was at- 
tracting not only provincials but even natives of the mother- 
land. Nearly twenty years before, the learned and courtly 
Brockwell, rector of King's Chapel in Boston, had attended 
Gov. Shirley on his visit to Falmouth to make treaties witii 
the Norridgewock Indians, and in his capacity of chaplaia 
had officiated on more than one occasion in the meeting- 
house of the Congregationalist Parish, giving, as we learn 
from Mr. Smith's diary, " great offense as to his doctrine." 
A few years later, in 1757, influences emanating from tiie 
Episcopal party were brouglit to bear upon tlie New Casco 
Parish and its preacher to induce them to conform to tlio 
E.stablished Church. This result seemed probable at one 
time, but finally the parish stood firm, and though its pas- 
tor, as appears from his subsenueut course, liad imbibed 
leanings towards Episcopacy, it was not till several years 
later that the decisive step was taken which led to his 
change of ecclesiastical relations. It is probable that liis 
temporary derangement, which incapacitated him for minis- 
terial duties for upwards of a year, may have delayed tliis 
step, but, be that as it may, in September, 1763, not long 
after Mr. Wiswall had recovered, Mr. Smith writes sadly 
in his diary, " I have been discouraged about my enemies ; 
they talk of a new meeting-house." That this movement 
was something more than " talk," is shown by the following 
document from the old parchment-covered folio volume of 
parish records : 

"Falmouth, November 4, 1763. 
" Whereas, The inhabitants on the Nook arc becoming so numerous 
as to render it inconvenient to meet together in one hou.'c for public 
worship, for the bettor accommodation of all the inhabitonts it is 
proposed to build another house for divine service between Major 
Freeman's and the house improved as a school-house; wo, therefore, 
the underwritten, oblige ourselves, our heirs and assigns, to pay tho 
respective sums nlB.\ed to our names to tho person or persons ap- 



178 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



pointed to receive tiie moneys, toward.« building a convenient meeting- 
house, provided : 

" 1st. Said mceting-liousc lie inadc fit to meet in at or before the laft 
Lonl's Day in June, 1764. 

" 2d. That the subscribers buvc the first clioico of pews in this order, 
— the largest subscriber clioosing first, etc. 

"3d. That if the Kev. John Wiswall, Pastor of the Third I'arifh 
of this town, should leave his people, be be invited to settle as a 
Minister in said Meeting-House.'' 



i:i 



Names. 

John AVaitc, Jr 

Daniel Ilslcy 

Benjamin VVaitc.... 
Ebene/er Hilton.... 
Jcdediab PreWcJi 

David Wycr 5 

Jonathan Croft 2 

William Watcrhouse.. 2 

John Burnam 2 

William Mel-ellan 2 

Isaac Ilsley, in work.. 20 

Henry Wailis 2 

John Lowihcr 4 

John Preble 3 

Abraham Osgood 3 

James Hope 5 

James Boss 3 

Thomas Bradbury 13 

Joseph Bean Barber.. 13 
John Motley, in worli,. 10 
Daniel Pettcngail 10 

'*A true copy of the or 



It) 13 4 



G 8 



40 

13 6 8 

20 

5 

2 8 

2 8 

2 8 

2 8 

20 



8 

4 









8 

6 8 





Names. 

Joseph Pollow 

Stephen Waitc 

Benjamin \Vceks 

John Ilsley, in work.. 

James ^Vildridge 

Joshua Boyntun 

Jeremiah Webber 

Joshua Eidridge 

Jedediah Prclile 

John Minot, Jr 

Samuel Moody 

Jacob Stickney 

William Pike 

Edward Watts 

Isaac AVaite 

Andrew Patterson 

David Woodman 

Joseph MeLellan 

Robert McLellan 

Wheeler Kiggs 



10 
10 



10 




'Att. p( 



, CnAi.-T, Clerk." 



In the above record no declaration appears as to the 
Episcopal nature of the new organization. This, however, 
was definitely settled at a ineeting held in July following, 
when the subjoined declaration and subscription were added : 

"FALJiorrii, July 23, 1704. 
"At a meeting of subscribers for building a new Mceting-IIouse, a 
major part being desirous that the Worship carried on in said House 
be agieeable to the Laws of Great Britain, it is agreed that the said 
House shall be made fit for and appropriate to the worship aforesaid, 
and we the subscribers oblige ourselves to pay the sums affixed to each 
of our names for the purpose aforesaid; 



James Hope 

John Waite, Jr 

Wheeler Riggs 

Edward Watts 

William Waterhouse. 

James Ross 

Robert McLellan...;., 

Daniel Pettengail 

Stephen Waitc 

Daniel tlslcy 

Edmund Mountfort... 
Isaac Ilslev, Jr 



Purrington.. 



John Motley, in work. 

Ebenezcr Hilton 

John liurnam 

D.avid Wyer 

Jonathan Ci-aft 

Benjamin Waite 

John liaus 

John Minot, after his 
return from sea.. 

John Thurlo 

.Toshua Boynton 

Abijah Pool 

OcorgeTatc 

John Holly 

Joseph I'ollow 

John Tyler fNew 

Gloucester) 

Floyd Kilpatrick, in 

shingles 

Daniel MeCov 

Floyd Kiliiatfick 









G 8 




12 




10 



Names. £ 

Joshua Eidridge 10 

Thomas Child 6 

William Webb B 

George Tate, for son 
Samuel, in clap- 
boards 4 

James Hope, for Capt. 

Hagget.lO guinea.^. 14 
Robert McLellan, ad- 
ditional subscrip- 
tion 6 

John Bradbury 3 

John Bouten.! 

Ann Oulton 4 

Hannah Oulton 4 

Lucy Oulton 4 

Andrew Patterson 

Christopher Kelley... G 

Ricdiard Sykes 3 

Joseph Dean 1 

Jacob Stickney 5 

Harry Wailis 4 

Benjamin Weeks 3 

William Boulton, in 

boards 13 

Moses Planimcr 2 

William McLellan 4 

John McDonald 2 

Richard (Joogins 1 

Moses Merrill, North 
Yarmouth, 1000 

laths 

John Dill, 1000 laths.. 



IC 






10 







IS 

10 





10 

IG 










"John McDonald, Sr., of Stroudwater, seid that he would pay £20 
lawful money in cash and £20 in work." 



On the 4th of September (according to the parish 
records) the corner-stone of the new church was laid by 
the wardens, who, jvith the other officers, were chosen on 
the .same day. James Hope and George Tate were the 
Wardens ; Tiionias Child, IJcnjamin Waite, John Waite, 
Stephen Waite, Wheeler Riggs, Edward Mount fort, David 
Wyer, Daniel Ilsley, €loiiathan Craft, Robert MeLellan, and 
Dr. Edward Walts, Vestrymen ; Henry Wailis was Parish 
Clerk, whose duty it was to lead the responses in church. 
At this meeting the following invitation was extended to 
Mr. Wiswall, forming his " title" for ordination as required 
by the canons of the Engli.sh Church : 

"AVe do invite you to accept the pastoral charge over us, and in 
order thereto, we desire you would, as soon as may be, apply to his 
lordship the Bishop for ordination to qualify you therefor, and we do 
hereby promise to you one hundred pounds lawful money per annum, 
to be paid yearly, to commence at the time of your ordination." 

For two Sundays Mr. Wi.swal! preached to the parish in 
the Town-House, and then, October 8th, as we learn from 
Smith's diary, "sailed in the mast-.ship, Capt. llaggctt," 
for England. The church in the mean time was rapidly 
going up. It stood on the corner of Church and Jliddle 
Streets, and was 50 feet in length and 29 feet high. 
The church was opened for divine service June 6, 1705. 
Mr. Wiswall, having been duly ordained, returned, and 
entered upon his pastoral duties. 

The burdens of building a new church, making provis- 
ions for a glebe and rectory, and supporting the regular 
ministration, fell heavily on the church at first, especially 
as they wore still ta.xed for the ministry and expenses of 
the First Parish, from which they had withdrawn. This 
tax was not remitted till 1773. In April, 1772, it was 
" voted that Rev. John Wiswall be desired to bring an 
action against Mr. James Milk, Treasurer of the First 
Pari.sh in said Falmouth, for the recovery of the rates of 
every person who attends worship at said church, which 
said Milk has received rnd refused to pay to said Wiswall, 
either in whole or in part." They had petitioned their 
former associates for relief, but in vain ; they had in 1770 
addressed the General Court for the removal of these heavy 
obligations, but their prayers had not been granted. In 
January, 1773, the proprietors of St. Paul's addres.sed 
another petition to the General Court asking for redress, 
which was answered in March following by the appointment 
of a committee consisting of " Jedediah Preble and David 
Wyer, Es(|S., and Messrs. William Simmons and Stephen and 
John Waite, to settle the di.«pute respecting the assessing 
and collecting taxes from the members of the Church of 
England." The result of a conference of this committee 
with a committee of the First Parish, and of a further 
petition to the General Court for relief, ap[)ears to have 
been the relinquishment on the part of the First Parish of 
all legal right to impose a tax upon the members of the 
Episcopal Church. 

Mr. Wiswall continued a.s rector of St. Paul's till 1775, 
when the excitement consequent upon the breaking out 
of the Revolution dissolved his relation with the parish. 
He was a loyalist, and no doubt conscientiously believed 
that all efforts of the colonists to gain tlieir independence 
would be futile. Bishop Perry very justly remarks, " We 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



179 



have learned of late to place a higher value on men who 
have dared to keep their oatli of allegiance, and it was not 
to be expected of one who at ordination had taken a solemn 
oath of allegiance to the king and government of Great 
Britain, and who had for years, in the prayers of the church, 
acknowledged that allegiance and besought Heaven's bless- 
ing upon the ruling monarch and his family by name, 
should easily swerve to the popular side." Early in May, 
under apprehensions of personal violence, and at the call of 
Mowatt to all friends of the government to come on board, 
he had taken refuge on tl-.e " Canceaux." He was afterwards 
apprehended by Capt. Thompson's militia from Brunswick, 
but was released and returned again to the vessel on the 
14th of May, sending word to the wardens that he should 
officiate as minister of St. Paul's no longer. In a few 
weeks the church and town were laid in ashes. 

No services appear to have been held in the parish during 
the Revolution, and for some time subsequent to the con- 
clusion of peace occasional vi.^its were made by ncighborin"- 
clergymen. In August, 1785, Mr. Frederick Parker, a 
graduate of Harvard, began to read piayers for the church. 
These lay-services by Mr. Parker and others were contin- 
ued till 1797, when Rev. Joseph Warren, of Gardiner, ac- 
cepted a call to the rectorship, which he held till 1799. 
From 1800 to 1803 the parish was supplied by Rev. James 
Bowers, of Pittstown. In the mean time, Mr. Timothy 
Ililliard, a graduate of Harvard in 1793, was engaged as 
lay-reader. During his services the parish increased in 
strength and influence, so that a new brick church was 
erected at a cost of SI1,800, and $V100 additional paid 
for the land, nearly the whole sum being raised by the sale 
of pews at the opening of the building. Mr. Hilliard, 
being ordained, became rector and officiated until 1808. 
The parish was then supplied temporarily till 1819, when 
the Rev. Petrus S. Ten Broeck was instituted rector. The 
parish was also greatly strengthened by the removal to 
Portland of Hon. Simon Greenleaf, afterwards LL.D. and 
Professor of Law at Cambridge. In 1831 the connection 
of Mr. Ten Broeck with the parish was dis.solved. He was 
followed, in 1833, by the Rev. G. W. Chapman, D.D., one 
of the most eminent clergymen of the church. Two years 
later, Rev. Alexander H. Vinton took charge of the parish, 
and was succeeded in a few months by the Rev. Thomas 
M. Clark, late Bishop of Rhode Island. " Mr. Clark re- 
mained but fourteen Sundays, when, in September, 1830, 
the Rev. John W. French, then professor in Bristol Col- 
lege, Pa., and since chaplain and professor at the Military 
Academy at West Point, was elected to the rectorship, in 
which he continued till December, 1839, when, the parish 
being inextricably involved in pecuniary difficulties, a dis- 
solution of his engagement was rendered necessary, at)d old 
St. Paul's, without a rector, sought relief from its liabilities 
in the dissolution of its organization.'' 

ST. Stephen's. 

It was during Mr. French's ministry, viz., in 1839, that 
St. Stephen's parish was established, to take the place of 
St. Paul's, which had become somewhat embarrassed in its 
atlairs. It was thought best to Sell the property of the 
parish (^for which an act of the Legislature was obtained in 



1840), pay off all the debts, and form a new society, or, 
rather, recast the old. This was accordingly done, and St, 
Stephen's pari.sh was organized in 1839. In 1840 it pur- 
chased the property of St. Paul's, and under its new charter 
and title has been going prosperously on. Jan. 15, 1840, 
the Rev. James Pratt entered upon the duty of rector of 
St. Stephen's. The last meeting of Old St. Paul's was held 
in October, 1841, when it ceased to exist. 

Mr. Pratt's long and successful ministry was marked by 
a steady growth of the parish in numbers, zeal, and wealth. 
After witnessing large accessions to the number of its com- 
municants, he found himself obliged, on account of ill 
health, to re-sign his charge, to the great regret of the 
church and community. He was succeeded by the Rev. 
Roger S. Howard, who, after an incumbency of two years, 
was followed by the Rev. Wm. Stevens Perry. 

ST. Luke's cathedral. 

The growth of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Port- 
land led, in 1851, to the organization of a .second parish in 
the western part of the city, which was incorporated, and 
its firet services held, on the 27th of April, 1851, under 
the name of St. Luke's Church, in what was then called 
Union Hall, an upper room near the junction of Free and 
Congress Streets, still in occasional use for religious meet- 
ings. The clergyman officiating at the organization and for 
nearly a year after was the Right Rev. Horatio Southgate, 
|).D., who had lately resigned his office as missionary bishop 
at Constantinople, and was now residing near his old home in 
Scarborough. Bishop Southgate was succeeded, in Febru- 
ary, 1852, by the Rev. Daniel R. Goodwin, D.D., then a 
professor in Bowdoin College, who supplied Sunday services 
regularly, without becoming rector, until the spring of 1853, 
at which time the Rev. Benjamin H. Paddock, now Bishop 
of Massachusetts, took charge as rector. He remained but 
three months, resigning on account of ill health, and the 
parish was again indebted to Prof. Goodwin for valuable 
services during a vacancy of eight months. 

The Rev. Alexander Burgess, the present Bishop of 
Springfield, 111., accepted the rectorship of St. Luke's 
Church at Easter, 1854, and held it fof nearly thirteen 
years. Within three months after his entering upon Ins 
duties, a site for a church was purchased, and the first " St. 
Luke's Church" begun, at the corner of Congress Street 
and Vernon Court. The coriier-stone was laid on the 8th 
of August, 1854, by the bishop of the diocese. The 
church was opened for service ou the 1st of July, 1855, and 
consecrated by Bishop Burgess ou the 10th of the same 
month. This church, now occupied by the congregation 
of St. Stephen's Church, was completed at a cost of about 
§30 000, and at the time of its erection was by far the finest 
Episcopal church in Maine, and, with one exception (^Christ 
Church, Gardiner), the only one of stone. In 1856 a 
lar"e and fine organ was added, and in 1857 a bell of 3000 
pounds, both individual gifts. 

Amon"- the earliest parishioners were the late Dr. Johu 
Merrill (the first senior warden), the late Judge George 
F. Shcpley, the late Hon. Josiah S. Little, Henry W. Her- 
scy, the late Edward P. Gerrish, Col. Charles B. Merrill, 
N. P. Richardson, Hon. James T. McCobb, E. C. Andrews, 



180 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, 5IAINE. 



J. Ambrose Merrill, Frederick A. Qiiinby, the late Samuel 
Smardoii, Mrs. J. S. Paine, Edward E. Upliaiu, Mrs. R. 
Soutliiiate Royd, and others, in all 49, recorded by Bishop 
Soutligato, May 1, 1851. There were then 20 communi- 
cants, and a Sunday-school of 5 teachers and 13 scholars. 
At the close of Dr. Burgess' rectorship, Christmas, 18GG, 
he reported nearly 300 communicants, 487 baptisms, 253 
confirmed, 128 marriages, and 28G burials. It is worthy 
of note that the first St. Luke's church, as well as the 
cathedral which succeeded it, was never closed on a Sun- 
day from the day of its consecration. 

With the close of Dr. Burgtss' long, faithful, and suc- 
cessful rectorship ends the first period in the history of St. 
Luke's Church, of nearly eighteen years. On his resigna- 
tion the Bishop-elect of Maine, the Rev. Henry A. Neely, 
D.D., was chosen rector of the parish, and having been con- 
secrated bishop in Trinity chapel. New York, Jan. 25, 
1867, entered on his duties as rector, May 1, 1867. In 
the great fire of July 4, 1866, St. Stephen's church, in the 
eastern part of the city, was destroyed, and the edifice of 
St. Luke's being inadequate in size for a bishop's church, 
was sold to St. Stephen's parish, with its bell and organ, 
for $17,000. A lot on the easterly side of State Street, 
140 feet front by 1 50 feet deep, was purchased for $20,000, 
and on the 15th of August, 1867, the corner-stone of St. 
Luke's cathedral was laid by the bishop in the presence of 
a large number of clergymen and laymen. The work of 
building went on during the remainder of the year, under 
the most efficient superintendence of Col. Thomas L. Casey, 
U.S.A., and from plans and working-drawings by Mr. 
Charles C. Haight, architect, of New York. After a sus- 
pension of six months, during the winter and spring, it was 
resumed in 1868, under the direction of Gen. George Thorn, 
U.S.A. (still a resident of Portland), and so far completed 
as to admit of the opening of the cathedral for worship on 
Christmas-day of the same year. It has never since been 
closed on a Sunday, and very rarely on a week-day. The 
interior, however, was far from being completed at the open- 
ing for .service. Not a single door was hung, and but half 
a dozen of the seventy windows were in place; ceiling, 
organ, pulpit, and font were wanting, and the aisles were 
filled with carpenters' benches. All these deficiencies were 
supplied, and the church brought nearly to its present .state 
of completion, within about two years. At its opening 
but two-thirds of the entire cost of the cathedral had been 
paid. It was not until 1877 that the whole amount, about 
$125,000, was paid, and the church freed from all indebted- 
ness, with liberal aid from churchmen of New York, Boston, 
and other cities. On St. Luke's day, Oct. 18, 1877, it was 
consecrated with mo.st joyous and impressive services by 
Bishop Neely, assisted by the bishops of Fredericton, Rhode 
Island, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Colorado, 
Wiscon.sin, and Iowa, and some sixty other clergymen. By 
the instrument of donation executed by the vestry and read 
at the consecration, the whole property of the cathedral 
was pledged to its maintenance forever, not only as nparislt 
church, but a calhedtal church in which the Bishop of 
Maine .should be ex-officio the personal and official head, 
and a free church for all cla.sses and conditions of men, in 
which no pews or seats should ever be let or sold. 



The noble church thus set apart occupies the entire rear 
of the lot on State Street, its extreme length from oa.st to 
west being 140 feet, and its width acro.ss nave and aisles 65 
feet. The open roof of nave and chancel is GO feet to the 
ridge, and over the chancel-arch rises a slender spire to the 
height of 100 feet. The building is of dark-blue limestone 
from Cape Elizabeth, the door and window caps and sills 
and other exterior finishing being of Nova Scotia freestone 
alternated with red and gray. The nave, 30 feet by 100, 
rises above the low aisles in a lofty clerestory, lighted by 
12 triplet windows, and is supported by broad arches 
resting on short circular columns, monoliths of Nova Scotia 
stone. The chancel is separated from the nave by a lofty 
arch of 24 feet span and a low parapet wall of stone, a 
semicircular projection of which forms the pulpit. The 
altar and reredos are of Caen stone, Italian marble, and red 
jasper, with delicately wrought cornice, shafts, and capitals, 
occupies a space of 10 feet in width by 17 in height again.st 
the east wall, and forms one of the most striking features of 
the interior. Above it is a ro.se-window 16 feet in diame- 
ter, containing the Ascension, surrounded by 12 quatre- 
foils with the symbols of the Apostles. The organ is on 
the south, and the seats for the choristers on either side 
within the chancel. The beautiful organ-screen of carved 
wood, the pulpit of stone (not yet carved), the font of Nova 
Scotia and Ohio freestone, Scotch jasper, and Irish marble, 
the eagle lectern of bronze, the chancel pavement of en- 
caustic and porcelain tiles, the altar and reredos, the arched 
credence and sedilia of stone, and all the stained glass as 
yet in place, were individual and mostly memorial gifts. 
The seats, all open and movable, are arranged for about 800, 
but the actual space of nave and aisles is sufficient for 1200. 
On the north of the chancel is a small chapel for the daily 
service and other uses, and on the south are the choristers' 
and clergy rooms, organ-chamber, and library. 

At the west end of the cathedral is the bishop's house, 
erected by the Diocese of Maine in 1869, and forming one 
side of the court in front of the church, the opposide side 
being occupied by the canon's house. The architect's 
plan for the cathedral includes a central tower and tran- 
septs, the erection of which will jierhaps devolve upon 
another generation. 

The Rev. Charles W. Hayes, appointed chaplain to the 
bishop in April, 1BG7, and senior canon of the cathedral 
at its opening, January, 18G9, has been the only clergy- 
man in charge under the bishop without interruption since 
1867. Other resident canons have been the late Rev. N. 
W. Taylor Root, C. Ingles Chapin, David Pi.se, D.D., and 
Charles M. Pyne, from one to four years each. The Rev. 
Messrs. F. C. Neely, Sill, Pyne, ami Ketchum have served 
as deacons. 

The " Cathedral Church of St. Luke, Portland," was 
incorporated by the Legislature of the State in 1879, and 
consists of the bishop and fourteen other trustees (three 
of them clergymen), whose duty it will be to hold the ca- 
thedral property in trust both for the diocese and the con- 
gregation, and carry out efficiently the various purposes for 
which it has been erected. Services have been held for 
the past twelve years without intermission, — three every 
Sunday and two every week-day, — and the church is always 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



181 



open from morning till night. The Holy Communion is 
ctlebratcd on every Sunday and holy-day ; the evening 
service on Sundays, and tlie morning service on great fes- 
tivals, are choral, as usual in the English cathedrals ; but, 
except in this respect, the services are the same as are 
usual in the larger Episcopal churches in this country, — 
perhaps a little more revei'eut and impressive than in many 
of them. 

The Eight Kev. Henry A. Neoly, D.D., Bishop of 
Maine, is Dean and Hector; the llev. Charles W. Hayes, 
Canon ; Messrs. George E. B. Jackson and Charles B. 
Jlerrill, Wardens. The congregation numbers 225 families 
and 3G0 communicants, with a Sunday-school of 200 pu- 
pils. There have been since the building of the cathedral 
422 baptisms, 261 confirmed, 135 marriages, and 214 
burials, and about 9000 public services. The oiferings of 
the congregation for the same time have been $162,G9{),of 
which §88,359 was fi-om the regular Sunday oflFertory. 

ST. PAULS. 

The new St. Paul's church on Congress Street was 
erected in 1808. llev. N. W. T. Hoot was instituted the 
first rector. He was succeeded by Ecv. Dr. Pise ; since 
whose period of service Rev. F. S. Sill and l!ev. C. J. 
Ketchum, the present rector, have ofiiciated. The parish 
is in a prosperous condition, numbering about 90 families 
and 100 members in the Sunday-school. Wardens, Jo- 
seph Dow, E. P. Banks; Vestrymen, William Gray, W. 
Huse, W. P. Gooding, A. Riggs, Charles Chase, Charles 
E. Banks, M.D., George Norton, J. H. Dow, A. Welch, and 
B. Gregory. 

METUODIST CHURCHES. 
FIRST METHODIST EPISCOP.\L CHURCH. 

The first Blethodist sermon ever preached in Maine was 
at Saeo, Sept. 10, 1793, by Elder Jesse Lee, of Virginia. 
He had been principally instrumental in forming the socie- 
ties of this order in the New England States, which he 
commenced in Connecticut in 1789. At a conference held 
in Lynn in 1793 this zealous disciple of Wesley was ap- 
pointed to travel through Maine. In a tour of several 
months in this State, he went as far cast as Castine, and 
preached almost every day to such collections of people as 
he could draw together. A circuit was immediately formed 
on the Kennebec called " Rcadfield Circuit," and Elder 
Wager was appointed preacher ; the next year Enoch 
Mudge, of Lynn, one of the first-fruits of Elder Lee's 
preaching at Lynn, was sent to Redfield. 

The Portland circuit, established in 1794, was the next, 
and in 1795 a class was formed in this town, and in Decem- 
ber of the same year the first quarterly meeting held in the 
State assembled at Poland. Elder Wager was appointed 
the traveling preacher in this circuit. On Elder Lee's 
first visit here he preached several times in the Second 
Congregational meeting-house. Subsef|uently he preached 
in the court-house, and sometimes in a private house in 
Essex Street. The first society was organized by Elder 
Wager, in 1795, and consisted of six persons. They strug- 
gled along through many difliculties, and with a slow prog- 



ress for nine years, at the end of which time the number 
of members had increased to but eleven. 

In 1797 the persons who had a.^sociated together were 
received into the Methodist Episcopal Church as one of the 
united societies. 

In 1804, however, their prospects began to brighten. 
Major Daniel Ilslcy purchased and presented to the society 
the house which had been previously occupied by the Epis- 
copalians, which was removed to Federal Street, and soon 
filled by a respectable congregation. This was the first hou.se 
of worship which the society had owned. The Rev. Jo.shua 
Taylor now became the stationed preacher, and the church, 
which at the commencement of Mr. Taylor's ministry con- 
sisted of but 11, increased in two years to 64. In 1808 the 
societ}', having become so numerous as to require larger 
accommodations than the old house afforded, made arrange- 
ments for the erection of a more spacious one. Trustees 
were chosen to superintend the concerns of the society, and 
a year or two later their church edifice on Chestnut Street 
was erected. It was dedicated by Rev. E. Kelby, Feb. 17, 
1811. The trustees were Wm. Watei house, Thomas De- 
lano, William True, Thomas Ronnels, Samuel Horner, 
Lemuel Gooding, and Thomas Dodge. 

In February, 1821, the society was incorporated. Twice 
the house on Chestnut Street was enlarged, and at length it 
became necessary to furnish still more room, when the 
society with great spirit and unanimity erected a handsome 
brick church on the corner of Pleasant and Ann Streets, in 
1828. Both churches eontiimed to be filled, and the 
society enjoyed great prosperity. The second society on 
Pleasant Street, however, in a few years became embarrassed, 
and, in 1835, sold their church to the Second Unitarian 
Society. 

Most of them worshiped with the old society till 1846, 
when they erected a neat wooden church on Pine Street. 
We shall give a fuller history of this church hereafter. 

The old society on Chestnut Street continued to prosper. 
In 1847, Rev. Charles F. Allen was their pastor. The 
ministers changed so often under the old regime of the 
Methodist Church that their names would make too long 
a list to publish in this place. A few of the successors of 
Mr. Allen for perhaps a decade were Rev. William JIc- 
Donald, Rev. Aaron Sanderson, Rev. Joseph (jolby. Rev. 
Charles W. Morse, Rev. Henry Cox, Rev. Henry B. Ridge- 
way, and Rev. William R. Clark. 

Under the ministry of Rev. Ilcnry Cox, who was a man 
peculiarly adapted to the work, the present fine church edi- 
fice of the parish was erected. It was commenced in 1856, 
and was dedicated July 8, 1857. It contains 190 pews, 
and with the site cost about 850,000. It is one of the 
finest church edifices in the city. 

CO.NC.RESS STREET METHODIST ClIUKCIl. 

In 1851 the First Methodist Church sent out a colony to 
establish a new church on Munjoy Hill, in the midst of a 
o-rowing population. Dr. Eliphalet Clark donated a beau- 
tiful lot of land on the corner of Congress and St. Lawrence 
Streets, on which a convenient house was erected in the 
summer of 1851, sufficiently large to seat 300 persons, and 
free of debt. The church was dedicated by Rev. George 



182 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Webber, and Ilev. Eaton Shaw appointed by the Conference 
for the new society till the next annual meetinj;. A large 
congregation was gathered, and a Sunday-scliool of about 
40 scholars organized. Ilev. W. F. Farrington was ap- 
pointed to take charge of the society by the Conference, and 
55 members from the old church were dismissed to form the 
nucleus of the new organization, whicli rapidly increased, 
as well as the congregation and Sunday-school, till the 
capacity of tlie house was exhausted. It now became 
necessary to enlarge the liouse, and an addition was made 
to it at a cost of about SI 000. 

The number of church members in 1 SO-i was 175, with an 
attendance at the Sunday-school of 200. The parish raised 
that year $J00 for benevolent objects, in addition to current 
expenses. We mention among the ministers of this eliurch 
subsequent to Mr. Fanington, Rev. William McDonald, 
Rev. C. C. Mason, Rev. A. J. Clmrch, Rev. B. Foster, 
Rev. George Webber, Rev. II. B. Abbott, Rev. Samuel 
Roy, Rev. Ezekiel Martin, Rev. Abel W. Pottle, Rev. 
William II. II. I'illsbury, Rev. C. B. Pittelando, Rev. C. 
W. Bradlee, Rev. William M. Sterling, and the present 
pa,stor. Rev. A. S. Ladd. 

The present beautiful church edifice of the parish was 
erected in 18G8. It stands upon (he liighest part of Mun- 
joy Hill, and the top of its spire is the highest object in 
the city. 

ALLEN MISSION CHAPEL. 

On Locust Street there was, until quite recently, an in- 
stitution known as the Allen Mi.ssion Chapel, belonging to 
the Methodists. Its motto was " Feed the hungry, clothe 
the naked." Under the management of Capt. Cyrus Slur- 
devant this place became one of the headquarters of the 
temperance reform. While we write this the chapel is 
being taken to pieces. Much good work and many ciiarita- 
ble deeds emanated from that old wooden structure. Many 
of the hearts who early supported it are in the grave, but 
there are a good number living who can testify to the 
benefit received through its humble ministrations. 

BAI'TIST CHURCHES. 
THE FIRST BAPTIST SOCIETY 

organized in Maine was at Kittery, in 1682, but the per- 
secution was so great at tliat time, on the part of the gov- 
ernment, that in about a year afterwards tlie minister, Mr. 
Screven, and tlie greater part of liis church, went to South 
Carolina and established themselves on Cooper River, near 
where Charleston now stands. No further movements were 
made by persons of this persuasion for more than eighty 
years. In 17G7, Ilev. Ilezekiah Smith, of Haverhill, came 
to Maine and formed a society at Berwick. At the same 
time he extended his visit to Falmouth Neck, but without 
any visible results. In 1771 he came here again and 
preached to a few persons at John Burnham's house, but 
no society was at this time gathered. 

Rev. Ilezekiah Smith was born at Long Island, N. Y., 
April 21, 1737; was graduated at Princeton College in 
1702. He formed tlie first Baptist society in the county 
of Essex in 1705. He always preached without notes, 
having a fine command of language and bcin;; a irifted 



orator as well as a man of excellent character and great 
personal influence. He died at Haverhill, Nov. 5, 1805. 

No further attempts were made here to form a society of 
this order for many years. In 179G, Benjamin Titcomb, 
Thomas Beck, and four or five others began to make re- 
ligious inquiries, which resulted in their separation from 
the places where they had usually worshiped, and they met 
together for social worship at the hou.se of Mr. Titcomb. 
Their exercLsos were cariied on by prayer, singing, and 
reading a printed sermon ; this service they soon found 
cold and formal, and no additions were made to their 
number. They then substituted reading and explaining 
the Scriptures for the sermon, and after the services they 
conversed freely on their religious experiences. Their 
number now began to increase, and the private room became 
so crowded that in the beginning of 179'J they held their 
meetings in a school-house in Union Street. A short time 
previous to this, one of their number had been baptized 
and admitted to the Baptist Church in North Yarmouth ; 
the subject of baptism now earnestly engaged their atten- 
tion, and their inquiries into the Scriptures were particularly 
directed to this subject, which resulted in their conviction 
that baptism by immersion was the true form. In the 
space of eighteen months nine persons were baptized by 
immersion, and the society was visited by members of the 
Baptist persuasion. 

About this time Benjamin Titcomb was baptized at 
North Yarmouth, and joined the church there, and in 
January, 1801, received the approbation of that church to 
preach. The society now hired the third story of the brick 
building on the corner of Union and Middle Streets, and 
in the month of March, 1801, those who had been bap- 
tized met together, signed articles of faith, and agreed to 
unite together in church fellowship. For their regular 
organization they invited a council composed of the 
churches of Brunswick, North Yarmouth, and New 
Gloucester, which assembled in Portland in July, 1801, 
and proceeded to constitute the persons who had before 
associated together " as a church of Christ." These per- 
sons were Thomas Beck, Betsey Beck, Edward Carleton, 
Ruth Wheeler, Sally Tukey, Thankful Butman, Lois 
Owen, Eleanor Riggs, Moses Cross, and Mary Titcomb. 
Thomas Beck and Edward Carleton were chosen deacons 
July 21, 1802. Deacon Carleton died in 1825, and Dea- 
con Beck in 1830, aged seventy. 

In September, 1801, Benjamin Titcomb* became the 
first pastor of the church. In June, 1803, the first meet- 
ing-house was erected on Federal Street ; it was removed in 
1811, and a large and convenient church erected on the 
same site, to which a tower and a bell were added in 1831. 
In ISOi, Mr. Titcomb removed to Brunswick, and was 
succeeded by Rev. Josiah Converse, who was ordained 
Oct. 21, 1807, and was dismissed at his own request iu 
1810. 

Rev. Caleb Blood took pastoral charge in May, and 
continued till his death, March G, 1814. The puljjit was 
then supplied by occasional preaching till November, 1815, 
when Rov. Thomas B. Ripley commenced preaching, and 

sSee History of the Press, iu tliis work. 




HEN15Y B. HART. 



Henry B. Hart was born in Portsmoutli, N. H., in 1805. 
His father being in moderate circumstances he received only 
a common-scbool education, and was apprenticed to Mr. Jolin 
Abbott, a tanner and wool-puller. By his faithfulness and 
industry he won the regard of his employer, and after serving 
out his time was engaged by him as foreman. He remained 
in this position some five years, carefully saving his earnings 
till, Iiaving accumulated the sum of three hundred dollars, he 
determined to start in business for himself. Selecting Port- 
land as a promising field of operations, he came here in 1832, 
and, in company with Mr. Lefevre, commenced the wool-pull- 
ing business. This connection was of short duration, how- 
ever, and in 1836 he formed a partnership with his brother, 
under the firm-name of H. B. & H. M. Hart, and for thirty- 
five years they carried on the business at the same place, be- 
coming known all over the State as the leading house in that 
line. His business life was marked by no sudden grasping of 
fortune, but by a steady application and a careful prudence 
which resulted at length in a handsome competence. But, 
above all, his business life was marked by a stainless integrity 
which lield the esteem of all who came in contact with him. 
Being found worthy, he was called to many positions of trust, 
and many affairs, both of a public and private nature, were 
confided to him. He was a member of the city government, 
as councilman and alderman, many years, and was an active 
member of the school committee till illness compelled him to 
retire. He took great interest in public matters, and was one 
of the most active political workers in the city. An earnest 
Whig, and afterwards as earnest a Kepublican, he gave to his 
party a largn measure of his time, and etibrt, and money, and 
was representative in the Legislature. 

His energy found scojie in many ways outside his own 
private business. He was a leader in everything in which he 
became interested. He was at the time of liis death director 
in the First National Bank, the Portland Savings Bank, the 



New Brunswick Steamship Company, and the Forrest City 
Sugar Refinery, and was connected with nearly all the manu- 
facturing and transportation companies of the city. 

From its organization he was identified with the Free Street 
Baptist Church,' and a large share of its continued jirosperity 
is due to his unceasing labors and contributions. As its deacon 
and representative he was known through all the religious 
circles of the State, and was honored by the denomination 
with the position of treasurer of the convention and trustee 
of Waterville College. 

In his private life, however, and among his most intimate 
friends, his peculiar characteristics were best known and most 
esteemed. Those who knew him best valued him the highest. 
He was one of the most unselfish men that ever lived. Not 
only was he ready to give his money, but a far greater gift, — 
he never grudged his time, his strength, or his personal com- 
fort to assist another. His home was ever open to the stranger, 
his hand always stretched out to the needy, and amid the press- 
ing demands of his own business he always found time to 
attend to the claims of others. Of him it could be said, as of 
John, "I was eyes to the blind, and feet was I to the lame; 
I was a father to the poor. " 

It was this kindly, sympathetic disposition that endeared 
him to his friends. His earnestness and activity sometimes 
imshed him into opposition with others, but though he might 
differ from them he had only kindly feelings towards them, 
and was ready to be friends even with those who had wronged 
him. He was a good man, and faithful in every station he 
was called to occupy. 

He was married, in 1828, to Sarah Hill, of Portsmouth, who 
still survives him, and bad three children, all living at the 
present time, — Henry A., who is carrying on the business, 
under the firm-name of Hart & Co. ; Sarah E., married to 
Mr. A. Little, and Alice K., married to Mr. Holman Melchcr, 
both j)romincnt merchants of Portland. 



CITY OP PORTLAND. 



183 



was ordained in July, 1816. Ho continued to minister to 
tlie church till 1828, being a very able and successful 
preacher. During' his ministry 219 per.sons were added to 
the church. 

Mr. llipley was succeeded by Rev. Ebenezer Thresher, 
Jr., who was ordained Dee. 17, 1828, and remained fifteen 
months. Nov. 3, 1830, Eev. George Leonard, of Salem, 
was installed. The society was deprived of his services by 
his death, which occurred in Worcester, Mass., Aug. 12, 
1831. It was not until September, 1832, that his place 
was supplied by Rev. John S. Meginnis, who was ordained 
on the occasion of his entering upon the pastorate, Pres- 
ident Wayland, of Brown University, preaching the ser- 
mon. The church in 1830 numbered 230 members, 389 
having been received from the date of organization. Rev. 
Mr. Meginnis resigned in 1837, and was succeeded by 
Rev. James T. Champlin, who was ordained May 5, 1838, 
and continued till 1841. He was followed by Rev. Luther 
F. Beecher, in October, 1842, who closed his labors June 
7, 1849. Eev. Jacob R. Scott settled over the church in 
September, 1849, and served it as pastor till April 4, 1853. 
The ne.xt pastor was Rev. William H. Shailer, installed 
March 19, 1854. Dr. Shailer remained pastor of the 
church till July or August, 1877, a peiiod of twenty-three 
years and a half, and- was succeeded by the present pastor. 
Rev. Thomas D. Anderson, Jr., who was called October 
10th, and installed Nov. 22, 1877. 

THE FEEE STREET BAPTIST SOCIETY 

was formed by a secession from the First Baptist Society in 

1836. The withdrawing party purchased the theatre build- 
ing on Free Street the same year, and converted it into a 
convenient, church, which was dedicated Aug. 11, 1836. 
In 1856 the building was enlarged and greatly improved, 
both as to comfort and beauty, a tower being erected at one 
angle and a tall and graceful spire at the other, at an ex- 
pense of about $15,000. 

The first pastor of this church was Rev. Thomas Lin- 
coln, who was ordained to the work of the ministry Jan. 1, 

1837. He resigned Oct. 25, 1841, and was succeeded in 
February, 1842, by Rev. L. Colby, who served the church 
till June, 1844. In November following. Rev. J. S. Eaton 
became pastor. He retired from the pastorate in 1855, and 
ceased from his earthly labors, very much lamented, in 
1856. In March, 1855, he was succeeded by Rev. George 
W. Bosworth, D.D., who continued till Rev. J. C. Stock- 
bridge, D.D., was installed, who was his successor about 
two years, when Rev. A. K. P. Small was called and set- 
tled over the church. Mr. Small was pastor about seven 
years, and was followed by the present pastor. Rev. James 
McWhinnie, in January, 1875. 

The number of members of this church in 18G3 was 
317. 

THE CATUOLIC CHURCH OP PORTLAND. 

In 1822 the few Catholics residing in Portland petitioned 
the Rt. Rev. John Cheverus, bishop of the diocese of Bos- 
ton, to make them a visit, with a view to taking steps to 
supply their religious wants. The diocese of Boston then 
embraced the whole of New England, but it has since been 
divided into sis ecclesiastical subdivisions or dioceses. 



Bishop Cheverus lost no time in placing himself in com- 
munication with the Catholics in the town, and appeared in 
their midst early in the spring of 1822, remaining .several 
daj's. Before his departure, he organized them into a con- 
gregation ; said ma.ss each day, and was rewarded in addi- 
tion with having brought two converts to the number while 
he tarried. 

Bishop Cheverus was a native of France, and returned to 
that country in 1823. 

Prom this time till very nearly the close of the year 1827 
the Catholics of Portland were regularly visited at stated 
times by the Rev. Dennis Ryan, who was charged with the 
spiritual guidance of a Catholic congregation at Whitefield, 
Lincoln Co., and occasionally by the Rev. Father McNamee, 
a missionary priest. Within this period the Catholics re- 
ceived frequent accessions. 

In the year 1827 they had increa.sed in strength suffi- 
cient to warrant the attendance of a resident clergyman, and 
the Rev. Charles D. Ffrench, of the Dominican Order of 
Monks, was assigned by the bishop to the charge of the 
congregation. Bishop Penwick, who was the successor of 
Bishop Cheverus, and who was consecrated in November, 
1825, arrived in Portland in the month of September, 1827, 
accompanied by the new pastor, who was placed in charge 
of the flock. 

Father Ffrench was a convert, and a descendant of a dis- 
tinguished Irish family, and at this time had a brother in 
possession of the title of bishop in the" Established Ciiurch," 
in the western part of Ireland. 

Down to the arrival of Father Ffrench the public re- 
ligious services were held in a room at the house of one of 
the Catholic families of the town. Ou his assuming the 
duties of pastor a larger room was hired on an upper floor, 
in a building on " Ilay-Market Row," now known as Mar- 
ket Square, in which all assembled for divine service ou 
Sundays, and other festivals of the church. Before his 
return to Boston, Bishop Penwick confirmed some adults 
and children in this building. 

It was while worshijiing in this place that the conversion 
of Mr. J. M. Young, printer, editor, and lawyer, of the 
town of Shaplcigh, York Co., occurred. He studied for 
the ministry, and in due course of time was ordained priest, 
and some years later was elevated and consecrated bishop of 
the important see of Erie, Pa. 

From Portland Father Ffrench attended missions in the 
neighboring State of New Hampshire at fixed times, and in 
his absence the catechism class and the devotional exercises 
for the congregation were conducted by Mr. John Crease, 
a gentleman of very considerable genius and scholarship, 
well known, and who will be remembered by the oldest 
citizens of Portland. In this duty Mr. Crease was faith- 
fully assisted by Mr. Young. Mr. Crease was foreman in 
the publication office of the Messrs. Edwards, who conducted 
at that time the Z'at?!/, IFce/.'/y, and Tii- Weekly Advertiser 
in Portland. 

In the year 1828 a movement looking to the erection of 
a suitable church upon some available situation in the town 
next received the most earnest consideration of pastor and 
people, for which purpose it was decided to open a sub- 
scription list and make an appeal to their co-religiouists in 



184 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Boston, which awakened a responsive sympathy in that 
city. Their undcrtaiiing had been crowned witli success 
so far that in a year hiter a site was selected in a location 
at tiic lower part of State Street, deemed less liable than at 
other points to array the prejudices of the intolerant 
against its acquisition l}y the Catholics. A proposition 
was made for the purchase of the lot from its owner, John 
¥ox, Esq., father of the Hon. Edward Fox, present United 
States Judge for the District of Maine. 

Mr. Fox, in the face of considerable opposition, in March, 
1830, conveyed the lot to Father Ffronch, gracing the 
deed with a generous subscrrption towards building the 
church. 
.., As soon as materials could be collected, work upon the 
■building' progressed. It was a plain brick structure with 
two gables, and was so far advanced towards completion 
that it was occupied about the 1st of November, for divine 
service. Early in this month, Bishop Fenwick visited tiie 
congregation, remaining over two weeks, preaching and ad- 
ministering the sacrament of confirmation to a number of 
children and adults: The strength of the congregation at 
this date did not fall far short of 200; but it was not till 
the month of August, 1833, that they witnessed the dedi- 
cation of their church to the W(nship of God, under tiie 
special patronage of Saint Dominic, by Bishop Fenwick, 
as.sisted by the Revs. Fathers Ffrench, McNamee, and 
Wiley, of Salem, Mass. At this period the parishioners 
numbered nearly 300, and nothing of special public interest 
liappened until 1839, when the devoted Father Ffrencli 
took leave of the congregation for a visit to Ireland. He 
was succeeded in the pastorate by the Rev. Patrick Flood, 
who, in 1841, transferred his charge to the Rev. Patrick 
O'Beirne, who was also succeeded, three years later, by the 
assignment of the Rev. James Power. 

In 1846 the Rev. James Maguire was appointed pastor 
in the succession at Saint Dominic's, and in the month of 
August, this year, the bishop of the diocese, Kt. Rev. Dr. 
Fenwick, died in the sixty-fifth year of his age. He was 
succeeded by Rt. Rev. John Bernard Fitzpatrick, D.D. 
Bishop Fitzpatrick was born in Boston, in 1812 ; he studied 
his theology at the Seminary of St. Sulpiee, Paris, and was 
there ordained priest. in June, 1840. Soon after his return 
to the United States, on the application of the Bishop of 
Boston to the Holy See, he Wiis consecrated, at George- 
town, D. C., Coadjutor Bishop of Boston, in March, 1844. 

At the date of Father Maguires assuming the charge of 
the church the worshipers had increased to nearly 1000 souls. 
The following year, called " black '47" by Irisli writers, 
was filled with evil forebodings to tlie people of Ireland. 
The potato crop, upon which, the peasantry mainly relied 
jbr their sustenance, was . totally destroyed by rot, and a 
famine plague spread abroad over the land, and tho.se who 
could fled, terror-stricken, from their country, as if from 
a charnel-house. A , steady stream of immigration began 
to flow towards the.se sliores, which continued for a few 
■y.ears unabated. Portland received her quota in propor- 
;tion to the inducements offered for tlie attraction hitiier of 
.manual labor ; and owing to this influx, Father Maguire 
finiml the seating capacity of this ciiurch, in 1848, entirely 
i(iade(juatc to the growth of his congregation, and sought 



relief in the erection of an addition, constructed on to 
the rear of the church. This enlargement sufficed only 
for a time. In the following year his physical powers 
began to givi^ way, and in the month of January, 1850, 
this zealous priest passed to his eternal reward. The body 
was removed to Boston for interment, there being no con- 
secrated burying-ground in Portland. 

The brief interval which elapsed, preceding the appnint- 
ment of a successor to Father Maguire, was alternately 
filled by the Revs. James O'Rielly, S. A. Mullidy, John 
McCabe, and Ambrose Monahan. 

Rev. John O'Donnell having been assigned to the charge 
next, entered upon his trust in the month of March, 18.')U. 
Very soon the question of a further increase of sittings in 
the church came up, for since the improvement, made in 
1848, more than 500 had been added to the congregation, 
which was yet too poor to undertake the construction of a 
larger edifice. To overcome the difficulty, two public ser- 
vices — ma.s.ses — were held ; but even this ren)edy was but 
temporary, as he was obliged, finally, to build a large wooden 
addition to the brick-work in the rear, provided with a 
basement, which was converted into a vestry-room, while the 
upper portion was thrown into one large room, connecting 
in the rear of the altar with the church, the floor elevated 
some forty feet above the dais. In this apartment, sep- 
arated from the sanctuary by an open lattice-work, the 
children and youths assembled for divine service at the 
same time that the adults assisted thereat in the church. 
In this room, also, the Sunday-school classes were brought 
together. 

With the growth of the church came also the responsi- 
bility of the poor, to alleviate whose wants the priest found 
no difficulty in founding a permanent Catholic benevolent 
society from the men and women of his congregation, who 
at stated times made the distributions of clothing and pro- 
visions at all seasons when needed; nor did this indefati- 
gable pastor neglect to provide intellectual food for such as 
desired to avail themselves of the advantages of sound, 
healthy reading matter. The " Young Catholic Friends' 
Society" was established, with a library rising above 700 
volumes. Thus was this priest ever found moving about 
with tireless activity, promoting the welfare of his congre- 
gation, and strengthening their influence in the community, 
till, in a short time after, he was transferred to another field 
of labor, where he has acquired the friendship and confi- 
dence of Protestants as well as Catholics. 

In 1853, Pope Pius IX. promulgated a bull erecting the 
city of Portland into a see. The limits of the new diocese 
embraced the States of New Hampshire and Maine. The 
Very Rev. Father Caskery, Vicar-General of the Arch- 
diocese of Baltimore, received the appointment of Bishop of 
Portland, which was declined by him on account of ill 
health. An interregnum of almost two years took place 
before a second appointment was made, when, on the feast 
'of the Annunciation, 1855, Father Bacon, pastor of St. 
Joseph's Church, in Brooklyn, N. Y., was designated, and 
on the 22d day of April, same year, was consecrated bishop /ti 
in St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York City. About the 
close of the following month the Right Rev. D. W. Bacon, 
D.D., accompanied by Bishop Fitzpatrick, of Boston ; the 




e^TsagBia^iL, poiaTtaiKi©, bmaokiis. 



£,..1, i r.;-^, P- 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



185 



Rev. Fathers O'Beirne, of Roxbury ; Daly, of Concord ; and 
Bapts, of Bangor, arrived at Portland, and was welcomed 
at tlie depot by the pastor of St. Dominie's, the Rev. John 
O'Donneil, who was joined by Fathers Putnam, of White- 
field, and Patchenin, of Eastport. 

Bishop Bacon was born in New York, in the year 1814; 
he received his theological education at the Seminary of St. 
Sulpice, Montreal, completing: the cour.<e at St. Mary's 
College, Baltimore, where he was ordained priest in De- 
cember, 1838, by Archbishop Eccleston. 

On the 31st of Slay, 1855, the imposing ceremonies of 
the installation of the new bishop took place in the presence 
of a large assemblage of the citizens. The presence of two 
bishops, and so many priests of the Catholic Church, arrayed 
in full canonicals, was an event never witnessed in Portland 
before, and, of course, crowds were attracted hither. The 
Bishop of Boston delivered the charge of the congregation, 
and the new see, in a discourse of pure and effective elo- 
quence, terminating with an admirable exhortation to his 
hearers. He was followed by the Bishop of Portland in a 
peroration which, for its depth of tenderness, purity of 
diction, and beauty of delivery, lias seldom been surpassed, 
ciincluding most paternally with his benediction to all. The 
solemn High Mass was then taken up and chanted to the 
close. The ceremonies concluded, dinner was served at 
the parochial residence to the bishops, clergy, and invited 
guests from the distinguished personages of the city. 

From the erection of the diocese of Portland, a fresh 
impulse was given Catholicity, and soon after its bishop 
took possession of his new see the Catholic religion in Maine 
made rapid strides. But in an extensive diocese, with 
everything to create and very limited resources, the obstacles 
to be surmounted were not light. With not more than 6 
priests and 8 churches scattered over two States for the mis- 
sionary labor, he might well have been appalled in the face 
of the weighty responsibilities he had assumed. Undis- 
mayed, however, by the spectacle before him he entered 
upon the work with great zeal and earnestness, and in the 
month of August, at St. Dominic's church, ordained his 
first priest, the Rev. Thomas Kenney. At the same time the 
Rev. Eugene M tiller reported for duty, and was invc-ted by 
the bishop with the important office of Vicar-Gencral, and 
placed in charge of the church on State Street. Two months 
later the Rev. Father Kenney was stationed at the mission 
in Biddeford, and commenced tlie construction of a Catholic 
church there ; he died at this place in February, 1857. On 
the feast of All Saints the Rev. John Brady was raised to 
the priesthood in Portland ; he is now in charge of one of 
the churches in Biddeford. A week sub.sequent to this 
ordination the Rev. John O'Donneil was detached from St. 
Dominic's, in Portland, and assigned to the mission at 
Na.shua, N. H. 

The opening of the year 1S5G found the single church 
in Portland entirely too small for the constantly growing 
congregation. And, besides, the cathedral church of the 
diocese must needs be built. So in the .spring the bishop 
secured from William Seuter, Esq., his own lot and residence, 
together with three more adjacent lots, and an adjoining 
lot from Deacon Storer ; all fronting on Cumberland Street, 
and lying between Franklin and Locust Streets. 
24 



Before the year was at an end a brick chapel, with a 
seating capacity for UOO persons, was completed at the rear 
on these grounds, the main portion extending to the street 
having been reserved for the future cathedral. On the festi- 
val of Sts. Peter and Paul, 185t), the Rev. Michael Lucey 
was ordained priest at St. Dominic's. Late in the autumn 
the bishop purchased a tract of land less than a mile from 
Vaughan's Biidge, on the Saco road, which was converted 
into a burying-ground, and is known as Calvary Cemetery, 
for the exclusive use of those members who die in com- 
munion with the Catholic Church. 

In the centre of the cemetery a frame church with tower 
and spire and an aceoniniodation for 400 sittings was some 
time afterwards built, and in which divine service is held 
on certain occasions. 

On the feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin 
Mary, this same year, the Rev. Patrick Bacon received 
holy orders, and in .spring of the following year he suc- 
ceeded Father Kenney, deceased, at Biddeford. About the 
same time the Rev. Michaftl Lucey was sent on to the 
mission to Salmon Falls, N. II., where he soon after built 
a church. The Rev. James Parasche was raised to the 
priesthood at this period, and after a stay of some months 
at the cathedral chapel was sent on missionary duty to 
Exeter, N. II., and died in December, 1SG3, at Keene, N. H. 
In the month of August the Rev. Matthew Murphy was 
admitted to holy orders in Portland, and in the fall was 
charged with a mission at Calais ; a few years later he died. 
The Rev. D. Whalen arrived in Portland in the month of 
September, 1857, and was temporarily assigned to duty 
at the church on State Street, remaining but a short time, 
• when he left the city. 

In the year 185U, St. Dominic's church was remodeled, 
the interior consisting of sanctuary, nave, aisles, and vesti- 
bule. Exteriorly, the new front is after the medi;eval Gothic 
style of architecture. The spring of this year found 
Father P. O'Donoghue stationed at St. Dominic's, and 
early in summer he left for fields of labor elsewhere. 
Prior to the modifications of St. Dominic's, the bishop 
had constructed a large* and substantial brick addition to 
the original residence purchased in connection with the 
site for the cathedral. This was rendered necessary for 
the accommodation of the clergy that were being rapidly 
created, and, besides, it was contemplated to introduce at 
no distant day a teaching order of religious ladies for the 
instruction of the Catholic girls, for whose reception these 
improvements were partly intended. An interval of nearly 
two years, with little of interest to chronicle in the church, 
save the steady advance of its numerical strength, now 
occurred. In the summer of IStJl the Rev. John De Rose, 
ordained priest at Cleveland, Ohio, arrived in Portland and 
was attached to the cathedral chapel, and received the 
appointment of chancellor of the diocese. In 1872 he 
returned from a visit to his aged mother in his native 
Belgium, and in the mouth of March, 1873, like the true 
shepherd that lays down his life for the flock, in the act of 
administering the last sacraments of the church to one 
dyin" with the smallpox, this humble and self-sacrificing 
priest contracted the loathsome di.sease, of which he died 
in a few days, lamented by bishop, priests, and people; and 



186 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



sadly, in tlio dead hour of night, his corpse was hurried 
through the deserted streets of the city, followed by a few 
of his associates in the sacred ministry, to Calvary Cemetery, 
and there above the grave, in the light of the moon, they 
intoned the office for the dead. Soon after the death of 
this good priest tlie Catholics erected inmcmoriam a figure 
of Faith, cut out of pure white marble, standing on a 
pedestal of like material, artistically designed and of supe- 
rior workmanship, supported upon an hexagonal granite 
base, the whole rising twelve feet high, placed in the 
western aisle of the cathedral. 

In 18G0 the project for the construction of the cathedral 
engrossed no inconsiderable portion of the bishop's atten- 
tion. Ground was broken and the foundation laid ; more 
than this was not accomplished, in consequence of the 
civil war into which the country was drifting, and opera- 
tions were not resumed till five years later. 

The Covell estate, fronting on Congress Street, and uni- 
ting in rear with the church property, was purchased by 
Bishop Bacon in 1863, thus securing undisputed control 
from .street to street, and aifording easy and ample commu- 
nication to and from the cathedral. To the very good resi- 
dence upon this property an enlargement was built, and the 
original modified, which, when completed, was occupied for 
the episcopal mansion, and the former one was surrendered, 
in the spring of 1864, to a community of nuns of the 
" Congregatione de Notre Dame," who immediately opened 
therein an academy for young ladies. Simultaneously a 
free day-school for girls was opened on Congress Street, 
about three blocks northeast of the bishop's residence, 
which was placed in charge of these nuns. The second 
story of this school-house was converted info a chapel,' 
where mass was celebrated every Sunday, to relieve the 
over-crowded condition of the cathedral chapel. 

On the festival of Sts. Peter and Paul, 1864, the Rev. 
John E. Barry, of Eastport, was ordained priest at the 
cathedral chapel, and at the same place, on the feast of 
All Saints, same year, the Rev. Luke Bartley received 
holy orders. These two priests continued to perform duty 
at Portland until the summer of 1866, when the latter was 
named for the mission at Bath, and the former for Con- 
cord, N. H. 

Encouraged by the success which resulted from the 
opening of the day-school in the eastern section of the city, 
a further step in the development of the Catholic educa- 
tional plan was taken. It was decided to erect a commo- 
dious and .substantial two-story brick structure, with Man- 
sard roof, close to St. Dominic's church, upon the site 
secured a year previous, for the education of the girls be- 
longing in the western portion of the city. In the spring 
of 1865 operations were commenced, and carried on with- 
out interruption till the school-house was completed and 
made ready for occupation, about the 1st of December. 

Meanwhile, in the summer season, a fair was inaugurated 
at City Hall, for the purpose of obtaining funds to liqui- 
date the cost of construction. This undertaking was very 
successful, surpassing the expectations of its promoters. 

On the 8th of September the Rev. Michael O'Brien 
was admitted to holy orders ; performed duty at Portland 
until late in 1866, when he was sent to the mission at 



Rockland. Before the close of 1865, Rev. John O'Brien 
was ordained and sent to perform duty at INIanihester, 

N. n. 

In the siiring of 18(16 work upon the cathedral was re- 
sumed. The walls had been carried to a uniform height of 
fifteen feet above the foundation, when, singular to say, a 
circumstance, not understood, caused a .suspeii.sion of opera- 
tions. 

In little over a month afterwards that terrible conflagra- 
tion of 4lh of July burst upon the city, devouring street 
after street, — everything in its path, — and consuming the 
episcopal mansion, church, the new walls of the cathedral, 
the nuns' academic building, and the school-house, leaving 
in its train a scene of fearful desolation. The lo.ss to the 
Catholics seemed irreparable. None felt the weight of this 
blow more heavily than their bishop ; his eyes behold with 
sorrow the fruits of ten years' unwearied labor, of journeys 
ftir and near, carried off beyond recall. Almost heart- 
broken under this crushing calamity, he lost no time in 
appearing before sympathizing congregations in neighbor- 
ing States, and in the Provinces of the Dominion, where 
his appeals met with the success they deserved. For a 
time one of the schoolrooms at ?t. Dominic's was occupied 
by the bishop for his dwelling-place. His congregation 
worshiped in a shed on the Grand Trunk Company's wharf, 
returning therefrom on the completion of a temporary 
wooden building upon the " Hay-scale" lot, adjoining the 
site of the episcopal mansion. In consequence of this mis- 
fortune the nuns were obliged to return to the " Mother 
House" at INIontreal, and the school of St. Dominic's was 
intrusted to lay teachers. 

After an absence of nearly two months the bishop re- 
turned to his see elated with his success. Workmen were 
at once employed in removing the debris, and the new 
church commenced, phoenix like, to rise from its ashes ; at 
the same time the reconstruction of the episcopal palace 
went on apace. While these operations were being pushed 
forward a fine residence on Free Street was purchased and 
immediately occupied by the bishop and the clergy. A 
week before Christmas-day Bishop Bacon had the ineflTable 
joy of dedicating to the service of God the new church, in 
which His praises continue to be chanted to this day. 
Closely following this event came the completion of the 
episcopal palace on a much more extensive scale than the 
original structure, and was forthwith occupied. In rapid 
succession the school-house was rebuilt, and the large wooden 
mansion on the corner of Oak and Free Streets was pur- 
chased and possession taken by the returned nuns, January, 
1867. 

April, 1867, the bishop vi.sited Portsmouth, and there 
ordained Rev. John W. Murphy, who performed duty at 
both churches in Portland, until August, 1871, when he 
was sent to take charge of the mission at Laconia, N. H. 

One year later operations on the construction of the 
cathedral were resumed, this time with the determination 
to push the work to completion. In the month of May, 
1868, the Rev. Eugene IMullen was transferred from the 
charge of St. Dominic's to that of the church in Biddeford, 
and died there in November, 1869 ; the vacancy thus made 
was at once filled by the appointment of the Rev. Michael 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



187 



O'Brien, from Rockland, and in July following the Rev. 
Louis Mutsaers, who was ordained at Troy, N. Y., on 
Trinity Sunday, arrived in Portland, and was stationed as 
assistant at St. Doiuiuic's church. In Jlay, 18()9, the 
Kev. Michael O'Brien was relieved from duty in Portland 
and assigned to (he church at Exeter, N. H., the charge of 
St. Dominic's devolving on the Rev. John W. Murphy. 
On the 23d of the same month the Rev. John Duddy, born 
in Portland, was ordained priest in his native city, and about 
the same date the Rev. Eugene O'Callaghan received ordi- 
nation at the hands of Archbishop McCloskey in the semi- 
nary at Troy, N. Y., and immediately therealter was 
assigned to duty at the church on State Street as assistant, 
relieving Father Mutsaers, who was attached to tlio mission 
at Lewiston. Father O'Callaglian continued on duty at 
Portland till the month of April, 1874, when he was given 
charge of the mission at Augusta. In the city of Port- 
land, in the summer of 18G9, the Rev. James Cairns was 
raised to the priesthood, and soon after was charged with 
the mission at Eastport. 

The 8th of September, 18G9, was the day anxiously 
looked forward to for the dedication of the cathedral. On its 
arrival a multitude filled the edifice, and crowds were unable 
to obtain standing room. The spectacle presented was one 
seldom seen and hardly ever to be forgotten by the specta- 
tors. Eight bishops aud about 75 priests officiated in the 
ceremonies, in which nearly four hours were consumed. 
At two o'clock ill the afternoon the sacred edifice was 
solemnly dedicated as the Cathedral of the " Immaculate 
Conception." 

In the evening the visiting prelates, clergymen, and 
invited guests were entertained by Bishop Bacon at the 
Falmouth Hotel. 

Thearciiitecture is of the florid Gothic, with nave divided 
into aisles, sanctuary, and two chapels. Exteriorly, the 
materials are bricks with freestone trimmings; the founda- 
tion courses laid in large blocks of dressed granite. The 
cathedral front on Cumberland Street consists of central 
gable with one main tower, and spire at one side rising to 
a height of two hundred and thirty-six feet, and a turret at 
the other side, and between it and the main entrance a 
smaller tower about one hundred and fifty feet high. A 
porch, extending some twi;lve feet towards the street from 
the central gable, is pierced by the grand portal, the jambs 
decorated with columns carrying foliage capitals, from which 
spring clustered mouldings ornamenting the arch. The 
paneled gablet above the arch bears the mitre in bas-relief, 
and above this in the central gable is set a handsome rose- 
window with tracery of skillful design filled with Scriptural 
imagery. A second entrance opens through the main tower, 
up which a staircase is carried which communicates with 
the organ galleries, and leads up into the spire. There are 
two side-doors, and two more communicating with Congress 
Street. The towers and main btiilding are flanked with 
heavy buttresses. The basement contains the heating ap- 
paratus and the mortuary vaults. The cathedral is one 
hundred and ninety-six feet long, aud one hundred feet 
wide; height of nave from floor to apex of ceiling, sev- 
enty feet. Emerging from uuder the organ gallery, after 
having pa.ssed the main portal, into the main aisle, at the 



farther end of the nave is the sanctuary containing the 
high altar, the back of the reredos about twenty-five feet 
from the end. The sanctuary is a semi-decagon, termina- 
ting in an apsis in the clerestory. Running round the 
sanctuary dome are niches containing marble statues of the 
apostles. The reredos is an elaborate carving with one 
central and two smaller flanking towers having niches con- 
taining statues ; the spaces between arc filled with niches 
ititended for smaller statuary. From these towers rise 
spires, which, together with the intervening, are terminated 
in paneled pinnacles richly onidmented with foliage bosses, 
the whole embellished in purest white and glittering gold, 
whilst high above upon a heavy cross hangs a life-size figure 
of Christ. 

The nave is divided longitudinally into eight bays by 
eight clustered columns on each side, separating the side 
aisles from the main aisle; these columns support the clere- 
story; it is lighted by sixteen largo windows, each divided 
into three bays by mullions and filled with geometrical stained 
glass, the tympanum being inlaid with the symbols of tlie 
Passion of our Lord, and representations from Scripture, all 
executed in a variety and richness of coloring almost un- 
rivaled. The sanctuary receives its light from the clerestory, 
two side-windows, and the very hand.some ten by nineteen 
feet stained-glass window representing the crowning of the 
Virgin Mary by Christ and Jehovah, and the angels above 
awaiting her coming, which is at the end ; below this win- 
dow is a chapel, and anoliier chapel at eitlier side. 

The clerestory contains twenty-one windows with the four 
evangelists represented, and scenes from Scripture illustrated. 
Underneath these windows and corresponding with the 
number of bays, the triforium is indented with imitation 
triple windows. On the walls and groined ceilings of the 
aisles the frescoing is simply gorgeous, being laid in oils. 
Blue, buff, and green are the ground colors used, and the 
decorations are foils inclosing monograms of the Trinity, 
the lily, cross, and shamrock entwined, the ivj', etc. At one 
side a most beautiful painting representing the Immaculate 
Conception embellishes the wall. 

The organ is of the Gothic style, built in a rich, dark 
case and gilt trimmings, contrasting beautifully with the 
wealth of coloring in the cathedral. 

Early in the month of November the bishop left Port- 
land en route for Rome, in obedience to the summons of 
the reigning pontiff, Pius IX., to attend the General Coun- 
cil of the Vatican, which was ordered to convene on the 
feast of the Immaculate Conception, the month following. 

As the convocation of a General Council of the Catholic 
Church is an event of rare occurrence, and has ever been 
regarded, to the extremities of Christendom, as of the most 
momentous importance, and the Council of the Vatican 
bein"- the nineteenth in the history of the Church, and the 
only one hold since the Council of Trent, which was con- 
voked by Pope Paul III. in the year 1545, it may be 
stated that the Council called by Pope Pius IX. was the 
most numerou.sly attended of all preceding Councils, if we 
may except the second Council of Lateran, which was as- 
sembled by Pope Innocent II. in the year llo9, at which, 
it is said, 1000 bishops met. The Council of the Vatican 
was attended by an assemblage of prelates including 49 



188 



HISTORY OF CUiMBEllLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



canlinals, 1 1 patriaiclis, 686 aix-libisliops and bishops, 28 
abbots, and 21) generals of religious orders, — in all 803 
fathers, representing every eountry, region, and tropic, and 
of every variety of sliade of complexion, and in all proba- 
bility the most distinguislicd and learned body of men 
brought together in modern times. 

During the absence of Bi.shop Bacon, the Very Rev. 
John O'Donnell, V.G., administered the ecclesiastical af- 
fairs of the diocese. While in attendance at the Council 
the bishop's health became impaired, and in consequence he 
■was permitted to return to his see, where he was cordially 
welcomed March 1, 1870. 

In the month of June, 1871, Rev. Dennis M. Bradley 
arrived in Portland and was attached to the cathedral. 
Some time afterwards he was named chancellor of the dio- 
cese and rector of the catliedral. He still continues to fill 
these offices. 

After the return of Bishop Bacon from Rome, his ener- 
gies neither tired nor flagged, and when not engaged at 
home was projecting work or rearing up structures else- 
where in his diocese for the promotion of the faith. Turn- 
ing his attention again to affairs at home, the subject of 
proper provision for destitute Catholic orphan children en- 
gaged his attention. The residence on Free Street, pur- 
chased the year of the great fire, was converted into an 
asylum for the reception and care of orphans ; a large 
three-story brick addition, more extensive than the original 
building, was commenced in the spring and completed in 
the fall of 1873, together with the construction of a Man- 
sard story on the original, and other needed alterations. 
These buildings were occupied on the 31st of May by three 
" Sisters of Mercy" from the Mother-House at Manchester, 
N. H. In the fall the number of the Sisters was increased 
to about fifteen, and on the 1st of September they were 
assigned to teach the free day-schools, thus relieving the 
Nuns of the Congregatione de Notre Dame, who, in conse- 
quence, were obliged to close their academy, and soon 
thereafter retired to Montreal. To supply the want, the 
Sisters of Mercy opened an institute, under their direction, 
on Free Street, known as St. Elizabeth's Academy. The 
beginning of winter found a score of orphans domiciled in 
the new institution, to whose wants the Sisters ministered. 

In the spring of 1874 ground was excavated in the Hay- 
Scale lot adjt)ining that of the epi.scopal residence for a new 
school-house. This site was secured from the city in the 
year 1869. Here the walls of the new educational struc- 
ture arose to the level of the first floor, when operations were 
suspended, the bishop being called to Rome. But before 
his departure, which occurred towards the close of July, he 
ordained on the 14th of the month the Rev. John F. Mc- 
Kenna, at Blanchestcr, N. H. This priest was assigned to 
the church on State Street, in August, 1S7(), where he now 
is pastor in charge. 

On the ocean voyage from New York, Bishop Bacon was 
prostrated by a severe attack from a distressing ailment, and 
upon his arrival at Brest he was compelled to enter the mil- 
itary marine hosjiital in that French port. From this at- 
tack lie did not recover suSiciently to continue the journey. 
On the contrary, having .suffered a relapse, and suspecting 
that his ministry was about drawing to a clo.'<e, he resolved 



to retrace his steps in the hope of meeting death in his epis- 
copal city. Under the charge of the Very Rev. John E. 
Barry, V. G. of Concord, N. H., who was summoned to liis 
bedside at Brest, the bi.shop was borne in a litter on board 
the French steamer bound for New York. The steamship 
arrived at the Empire City in the afternoon of the 5th of No- 
vember, and in about tliree hours after his removal to St. 
Vincent's Hospital, in charge of the Sisters of Charity, in 
New York City, the Rt. Rev. D. W. Bacon, D.D., in the 
sixty-first year of his age. breathed his last. This sad in- 
telligence cast a gloom over the Catholics of Portland. On 
the 7th of the month the dead body of the bishop was con- 
veyed back to the city, and was met at the depot by the 
several Catholic organizations and Catholic citizens gen- 
erally. In processional order, the clergy in carriages pro- 
ceeded by the hearse containing the casket, and guarded 
by a military escort, the column moved witli slow and 
solemn step over the principal thoroughfiires to the episco'- 
pal palace, which, but a little over three months before, was 
occupied by the departed. 

Until Tuesday following, the 10th of the month, the body, 
arrayed in full canonicals, lay in state upon an elaborately 
contrived catafalque in the main aisle, before the grand high 
altar in the cathedral. On this date the funeral obsequies 
took place, many bishops and priests from the neighboring 
States and the British provinces assisting thereat, at tlie 
conclusion of which the casket containing the body was 
borne by eight priests to the vault in the basement of the 
cathedral, and thfere deposited in its final resting-place. 

Bishop Bacon was distinguished as an eloquent preacher, 
the winter courses, and especially his Lenten sermons, at- 
tracting many of the Protestants. In the course of his 
episcopate not a few have been brought into the Roman 
Catholic Church. To his preaching was allied great zeal 
and earnestness. He was also endowed with a remarkable 
business capacity, and for his humility and exceeding 
urbanity he was much esteemed in Portland. 

Upon the Very Rev. John E. Barry, V. G., now devolved 
the administration of the ecclesiastical affairs of the diocese, 
until the appointment of a successor in the see of Port- 
land. 

In the month of March, 1875, the Rev. James A. Healy, 
pastor of the Church of St. James, in Boston, was designated 
by the Holj' See to the vacant bisho]]ric, and on tlie 2d of 
June following he was consecrated bishop in the Cathedral 
of the Immaculate Concej)tion, at Portland, by Archbishop 
Williams, of the city of Boston, assi.sted by eight bishops. 
Archbishop Connolly (since deceased), of Ilidifox, Nova 
Scotia, delivered the oration. 

Rt. Rev. James Augustine Iloaly, second Bishop of 
Portland, was born in Georgia, in April, 1830. He re- 
ceived his preparatory education at Holy Cross College, 
Worcester, Ma.ss., commenced his theological studies at the 
Grand Seminary, Montreal, and completed the course at 
the Seminary of St. Sulpico, Paris, receiving the ordinatiou 
of priesthood on the lOtli of June, 1854, in the celebrated 
Cathedral of Notre Dame, at the hands of Archbisho]) Libonr. 
The new bishop brought to his apostolic labor a reputation 
for .sound learning, ardent zeal, and great holiness of lil'c, 
whicli were dearly manifested in the alacrity with which 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



189 



he took up the burden hiid down by liis predecessor, evinc- 
iiijr a deep solicitude for the growth of religion. 

In the summer of this year, ascertaining that a number of 
Irish Catliolics had established themselves in and around 
the town of Yarmouth, and others of French descent hav- 
ing been attracted by tlie manufacturing interests at Sacca- 
rappa, they were provided with the ministrations of their 
religion and divine service at stated times, the vi.siting priests 
being furni-shed from Portland. The Catholics of these 
two missions were yet poor and too few to attempt the erec- 
tion of a church, so tliat divine service was held in a room 
at the house of one of the Catholic families in Yarmouth, 
and in a small hall at Saccarappa. 

About this time the Catholics of Brunswick, looking for- 
ward to the day when their number must require better ac- 
commodation for the ceremoiiies of their religion, purchased 
the fine estate of Capt. McManus, with the view of build- 
ing a church thereon at no very distant day. The dwelling 
is now occupied as the parochial residence of the pastor, 
llev. J. H. Noiseux. 

In liis zeal for the promotion of sanctity amongst the 
Catholics of Portland, in the winter the bishop introduced 
several priests of the missionary order known as the Re- 
demplorist Fathers, who in.stituted revivals at both churches, 
awakening new spiritual life in the congregations. These 
revivals continued for nearly four weeks without any appa- 
rent diminution in the attendance that filled the cathedral 
at the morning and evening service, especially the latter, at 
which the most important sermon was preached by one of 
the missionaries, which was listened to with an equal 
amount of devotion by Catholics and Protestants. 

With the opening of the spring of 187G operations on 
the construction of the " Kavanagh School" were resumed, 
and the building was completed in February, 1877, at a 
cost of nearly 6-3,000, the funds being derived from a very 
generous donation of $25,000 from Miss Kavanagh, of 
Damariscotta. This is a very attractive structure, built of 
pressed bricks with light freestone trimmings, the founda- 
tion laid with granite blocks. It is a model school-house, 
and may be said to consist of the main building, over 
100 feet long and not less than 50 feet wide, with 
lateral wings in which the broad staircases are carried to 
the upper floor. It is three stories high, with JMausard 
roof. The fir.st and second floors are similarly arranged, 
each containing 4 class-rooms, capable of accommodating 
GO to 80 children in each one, and connecting with each 
classroom a capacious wardrobe-room for the use of the 
pupils. The basement is apportioned into a library- and 
society-rooms, and the third floor is converted into a hall, 
with a seating capacity for 1500 persons. 

Under the new impetus given to religion and education 
by Bishop Ilealy, fresh vigor and increased interest was in- 
fused into the Catholic schools of Portland. The com- 
munity of Sisters of Mercy now numbered 25 choir 
and 8 lay sisters ; the former were charged with the ed- 
ucation of the free day-schools and the academy, and the 
latter were intrusted with the care and instruction of the 
orphan children. Applications for admission to the educa- 
tional institute of Free Street overtaxed the capacity of 
the academy, aud in order to make more ample provision, 



it was decided to remove most of the orphans, numbering 
about 60, to Whitefield, where this order had established 
another house. This project was accumpli.shed and a de- 
cided improvement was manifested at the close of the year. 
The course of instruction at St. Elizabeth's Academy in- 
cludes all the liigher branches of an English education, be- 
sides the special studies in French, mu.sic, painting, fancy 
needle-work, etc. 

The Catholic population of Portland is now nearly 10,000, 
with a cathedral and two churches, an orphan asylum, two 
very handsome and substantial school buildings, and a female 
academy, besides the palatial residence of the bishop and the 
clergy of the cathedral, and the less imposing parochial 
residence connected with Saint Dominic's Church. The 
average number of priests on duty mini.stering to (he spirit- 
ual wants of their hearers is six. There are 33 " Sisters of 
Merey" employed in teaching the day-schools, the average 
attendance at both aggregating 1000, and the academy with 
60 on its rolls, and in caring for the wants of 30 orphan 
children retained in the institution in Portland, the greater 
number having been provided for at Whitefield. 

To the foregoing figures may be added the congregation 
and church at each of Brutiswick, Yarmouth, and Sacca- 
rappa, and many more Catholics known to be scattered 
through the other towns of the county, and a fair idea is 
obtained of the growth of the Catholic Church since fifty 
years ago, when not more than 75 Catholics worshiped in 
the city of Portland in an upper room, of which there is 
but one representative now living, the only connecting link 
in the chain, — Mrs. Richard Duddy, a very respectable old 
lady, yet hale and robust. 

SECOND UNIT.\RI.\N SOCIETY. 

This society was formed in 1835. In March of that 
year certain persons connected with the First Pari.sh pur- 
chased the brick churcfi on the corner of Park and Pleasant 
Streets, which had been erected by the Second Jlethodist 
Society in 1828, and became incorporated under the name 
of " The Second Unitarian Society of Portland." The 
same year Rev. Jason Whitman, who had been formerly 
settled at Saco, and was the general agent of the American 
Unitarian Association, was installed as pastor. He con- 
tinued ten years with the society, the specified time of his 
engagemeat, when the relation was dissolved. He died 
while on a visit to Portland, January 25, 1848. He was 
a graduate of Harvard in the class of 1825, and a talented 
and devoted minister. His .succes.sor was llev. J. H. Love- 
ring, of Boston, who settled over the society in July, 1862, 
and was succeeded by Rev. James T. Ilewes in 1864. 

FIRST UNIVERSAUST CHURCH. 

Before the founding of this society a few persons had 
preached the doctrines of Univcrsalism in Portland. The 
first service of which there exists any authentic knowledge 
was held in a cooper-shop owned by Mr. Mountfort, at the 
foot of Mountfort Street, probably by Rev. Thomas Barnes, 
who has been styled the " Father of Univcrsalism in Maine." 
In 1709 this minister came from Connecticut to this State, 
and settled in Poland. Rev. llosea Ballou preached here 
several times as he journeyed on his missionary tours from 



190 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Poitsniouth, N. H., between 1809 and 1814. On one or 
more of these occasions, the cliuichcs and school-houses 
being closed against liini, he jireaohed in (he office of Hon. 
Saiuucl Freeman, on Middle Street, which was generously 
tendered by the magnanimous proprietor for that purpose. 
After this, and prior to 1821, Rev. John Brooks visited 
the place and preached several times in an Episcopalian 
church on School Street, now Pearl, and in a school-house 
on Congress Street. 

Here, early in 1821, Rev. Russell Strecter preached for 
the first time in this city. Soon after he began to preach 
here an effort was made to obtain possession of the Third 
Parish church ; but though quite a number of pews were 
bought, the plan was iVustrated by the interposition of 
some of the Second Parish, who did not desire a sister 
society to dispose of its property for such purpose. This 
defeat united the friends of Univcrsalism in a determination 
to build a church of their own. Work began in earnest, 
a society was formed, and articles of faith drawn up, 
adopted, and signed Jan. 23, 1821. Tiie compact is as 
follows : 

'MVe. whose names arc hereunto subscribed, professing .a re.alizing 
sense of tlie unehangeiible and universal love of God, e.\hibited in a 
Hedeenicr, and in humble gratitude for a di.=position of heait to unite 
in Christian lovo and fellowshiii for the promotion of the general in- 
teiests of society, our own edification, and the religious instruction of 
our fauiilies, do form ourselves into a social aiLd religious body, con- 
sisting of a number of believers, united together in the confession of 
the faith of the Gospel, which we believe, on serious and prayerful 
deliberation, to be clearly expressed in the following 

'* STATEMKNT OF FAITir : 

"I. We believe the Scrii>tures of the Old and New Testaments con- 
tain a revelation of the perfection and will of God, and the rule of 
faith and practice. 

" II. AVe believe in one God, infinite in all his attributes, and that 
these are modifications of adorable, incomprehensible, and unchange- 
able love, manifested to mankind in Jesus Christ. 

" III. We believe the spirit of God will, in due time, so efTectually 
teach all men that the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the 
Lor<l, whom to know is life eternal, as the waters cover the seaj for 
it is written, 'They shall be taught of God.' 

"IV. We believe in the obligation of the moral preceptsof the Scrip- 
tures as the rule of life, and that the lovo of God, manifested in a 
Redeemer, is the best means of producing a holy, active, and useful 
life. 

" V. We furthermore profess, as Christians, to observe the first day 
of the week as a day of rest from secular employments, to use all 
reasonable means for the instruction of our children in the Gospel of 
Christ, to endeavor as far as possible to promote peace aiid good-will 
among men, to discountenance profane swearing, falsehood, intoxica- 
tion, and all ungodliness. 

'■Thus believing, we commend ourselves and all men to the Great 
Head of the church, imploring that light and wisdom which shall en- 
able us to walk worthy of our Christian profession, to whom be pr;iise 
forever. — Ame-n." 

This compact and statement of faith was signed by the 
following 19 names : 



llon.vno G. Qdiniv, 

WlI.I.lAM I'oLLEV.S, 

Joiix Pritchard, 
James Racki.iff, 

JOSAS WlXSlIIf, 

Joseph Delano, 
Calkii Dvkr, 
L. DvEii, Jr., 
Daniel Uerrick, 



Edknezer Dyer. 



Hosea IIahkoui), 
Nathaniel Shaw, 
Joshua Pitman, 
William S. Quincv, 
S. Vanihskirk, 
I'reeman Smith, 
John Uichardso.n, 
John Fickett, 
Calvin Jordan, 



Tile next step taken was to secure a legal position among 
the religious societies of the place ; accordingly, the .society 
was incorporated April 11, 1821. The same year they 
erected their first house of worship on the corner of Pearl 
and Congress Streets, which was finished with an elevated 
spire and provided with a bell weigliiiig 1236 pounds. 
The cost of the building was $IJOOO, and it was dedicated 
Aug. 16, 1821. 

The first pastor was Rev. Rus.sell Strecter, who took 
charge of the society in August, 1821, and continued till 
April 16, 1827, when he tendered his resignation. In July 
following he was succeeded by Rev. John Bisbe, who was 
a talented and popular minister, but who died in the midst 
of liis usefulness, March 8, 1829. 

Mr. Bisbe was born in Plympton, Mass., in 1793, grad- 
uated at Brown University, and commeneed the study 
of law in the office of Judge Morton, of Ma.ssachusetts. 
Before completing bis studies he was attracted to the study 
of divinity, which he pursued with great ardor, embracing 
the doctrines of the final restoration. In 1824 be was 
settled in Hartford, Conn., from which place he came here 
on the invitation of this society. 

He accepted the invitation on condition that a cliurcli 
should be organized and a Sunday-school establi.>lied, which 
was accordingly complied with some time during the year 
1827. The records containing the signatures of the orig- 
inal members perished in the great fire of July 4, 1866, 
but the church and Sunday-school, organized in 1827, have 
continued with growing and enlarging influence to be the 
important factor in the spiritual welfare of the parish. 

After the death of Mr. Bisbe, until the summer of 1831, 
the pulpit was supplied by Rev. William I. Reese, who 
was followed by Rev. Monzies Rayner, in September, 1831. 
Mr. Rayner's connection with the parish was di-ssolved in 
1835, and Rev. D. D. Smith succeeded him in April, 1836. 
The next pastor was Rev. C. C. Burr, who continued until 
April, 1842, when Rev. L. L. Sadler became pastor, and 
remained till 1847. Rev. Russell Strecter was then cailed 
to the pari.sh the second time, and continued in the pastoral 
relation till 1854, when he was succeeded by Rev. C. R. 
Moor, who served the church till 1860, and was followed 
by Rev. Edwin C. Bollcs, in April, 1861. Mr. Bolles re- 
mained pastor of the church till he was called to Brooklyn, 
N. Y., in 1869, in October of which year the present pas- 
tor, Rev. W. E. Gibbs, was called and settled over the 
parish. 

Uiidcr the ministry of Mr. Bolles, the present elegant 
and costly church edifice of the society was erected on Con- 
gress Square. The lot was purchased in 1864. The 
church was dedicated in 1865. The entire cost of the 
enterprise was over $80,000. 

INDIA STRKKT UNIVERSALIST SOCIKTY. 

Immediately after the removal of the First Universalist 
Society to the new church in Congress Square, the old 
church was sold at auction, and purchased by parties who 
afterwards organized a parish, by the name of " Tiio Pearl 
Street Universalist Society." This society was composed 
in part of some of the persons who had formerly belonged 
to a society which severtil years before had swarmed from 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



101 



the old one, and organized as the Second Um'versalist So- 
cidy ill Portland, and in part of members of the old so- 
ciety, who, having their residence in the eastern part of 
the city, would be more conveTiient to the old church than 
to the new. The Rev. T. M. Atwood, of Watcrtown, 
N. Y., was called to the pastorate of the Pearl Street So- 
ciety, and under his able and faithful labors it increased in 
numbers and power, and was being consolidated into a 
strong parish, when its church was destroyed in the great 
conflagration of July 4, 1866. This loss, added to the 
losses suffered by individual members, was a heavy blow to 
the new and rising parish, and for a season it was compelled 
to suspend its work, and Mr. Atwood accepted a call to a 
parish in another State. But the fidelity and courage of 
not a few of its members were of the kind that does not 
easily yield to disappointment or apparent failure. They 
persevered in their purpose, — purchased a small church, re- 
cently vacated by the Congress Street Methodist Society, 
called to be their minister a most earnest worker and elo- 
quent and effective preacher, the Rev. Alexander Kent, of 
Halifax, Nova Scotia. Mr. Kent labored with zeal and 
success until ill health admonished him to seek a more 
genial climate. Since the retirement of Mr. Kent, the 
society has had the services of Rev. James Marsden, of 
Massachusetts, Rev. George W. Bicknell, and the present 
pastor. Rev. C. H. Hayden. 

In 1871 the society erected a large and handsome brick 
church, on the corner of Congress and India Streets, — a 
most eligible location, — and has, by authority of the Legis- 
lature, changed its name to that of " The India Street 
Universalist Society." It has a vigorous and promising 
Sunday-school of some 175 members. 

SWEDENBORGIAN. 

The doctrines of the New Church first gained advocacy 
in Portland about the year 1825, by Dr. Timothy Little, who 
having met with the writings of Emanuel Swedenborg, and 
become profoundly convinced of their truth, invited others 
to their perusal, and soon held regular meetings on Sab- 
bath evenings. These meetings increased in number and 
interest until it was deemed advi.sable to hold public services, 
which began in June, 1829. On Sunday, Aug. 21, 1830, 
twelve persons received baptism, and were formally con- 
stituted a society under the name of " New Jerusalem 
Church." Some of the original members, — Dr. Little, Sam- 
uel Colman, Oliver Gerrish, Dr. A. Rea, Ebcnezer Mason, 
and William Hunnewell, Jr., Rev. Thomas Worcester, — 
and delegates from a society in Boston, assisted in the organ- 
ization. 

The meetings of the society were first lield in the vestry 
of the Methodist church on Cumberland Street. In 1837, 
Rev. Henry Worcester was settled as pastor of the church. 
He continued till his death, which occurred May 24, 1841, 
and was succeeded by Rev. James Scott, who remained 
about three years, after which the desk was supplied by 
Rev. Mr. Colburn and Rev. Thomas D. Sturdevant, till 
October, 1847, when Dr. Little again commenced conduct- 
ing the services, which he continued till the time of his 
death, Nov. 27, 1849. He was succeeded by the Rev. 
William B. Hayden, who was licensed to preach in 1850, 



and ordained pastor of this church June 13, 1851. He re- 
mained in that relation, which he honored with his able 
services and excellent Christian character, for nearly a 
quarter of a century. The pulpit was then supplied from 
Sunday to Sunday by different ministers till Nov. 1, 1877, 
when Rev. Julian K. Smyth began to preach as a licentiate. 
Mr. Smyth was ordained pastor Jan. 5, 1879, and .still offi- 
ciates in that capacity. 

friends' society. 

The following notice we take from Mr. Freeman's ex- 
tracts : 

"The Society of Frionda in PurtlancI was org.nnizecl in 1700, and 
their brick church commenced in 1795. 

" It may not bo amiss to ol)servo, as to the society of this denomi- 
nation, that it originated in England A. n. 1G44, having for its head 
George Fo.-i, born at Drayton in July, 1024. 

*' In about seven years the preachers of their principles increased in 
number to such a degree that no less than sixty ministers were raised 
up in Great Britain, and before the close of that century were spread 
in most of the European kingdoms and in America. Adherents to 
them first came to New England in IC.JIJ. Here, as well as in Eng- 
land, they met with cruel jjersecutiuns, which it would be foreign to 
my design to set forth. 

"Before the year IGOti Ihey held meetings, as other Christians, for 
worship on the first day of the week ; also at other times, ns occasions 
required. At an annual meeting that year it was reconimendcd to 
Friends living at a distance to hold meetings in their families; and 
for the regular administration of discipline and other helps they es- 
tablished in their society four other kinds of meetings, vi/., prepara- 
tive, monthly, quarterly, and yearly meetings. In these worship and 
business were connected. 

" The authority of the first was only to judge of the propriety of 
carrying the matters before it to the higher mettings, at which depu- 
ties consisting of persons of both se.\es are appointed to remove it to 
the ne.'it in order, and there join in the transaction of any other busi- 
ness that may regularly come before them. The first meeting in the 
State of Maine was held in the upper part of York, in December, 
1662, by three women, who had been prosecuted and whipped ot 
Dover, in New Uampshire, viz., Anna Coleman, Miiry Tompkins, and 
Alice Ambrose. 

" Soon after another was held at Berwick, but no account of any 
other meeting can be found for more than sixty years, when in Oc- 
tober, n.Sn, one was held by a few families found in Kittery. 

"In 174.3 a meeting for worship was set up in Falmouth, and in 
1750 one was regularly established in Berwick. 

"The next was established in Windham iu 1779. After this meet- 
ings were multiplied in diftcrent parts of the State, when in 17'.I0 the 
present society in Portland was established. It is unnecessary to 
enumerate the many meetings that have been established since. I 
will only add that the most general awakening, or, in the language of 
the soeiity, ' the most general convincement that has ever taken place 
in Mainehappened during the Revolutionary war, principally through 
the instrumentality of David Sands, of Cornwall, in the State of Now 
York, an eminent minister of this society.'" 

BURIAL-PLACES. 
EASTERN CEMETERY. 
The oldest burying-ground in Portland is the Eastern 
Cemetery on Munjoy Hill. The date of its appropriation 
to the purposes of a common burial-place is not known, nor 
have we any record or tradition going to show where the 
first persons who died on the Neck, or those killed in the 
first Indian war, more than two hundred years ago, were 
buried. Probably this spot was selected on account of its 
elevation and suitableness in other respects, and was after- 
wards set apart as the public burying-ground of the settle- 
ment. If any monuments ever marked the resting-place of 



192 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINPl 



the first pioneers, they were probably of n very rude deserip- 
tion or perishable nature, and became obliterated before the 
first permanent settlement after the peace of 1713. 

The oldest stone which has been noticed in the Eastern 
Cemetery is that of Mrs. Mary Green, who died May 23, 
1717. In the corner which formed the earliest part of the 
burying j-round arc found the tombs of Ilev. Thomas Smith 
and his wives and sons, restored by tlie First Parisli Church 
in 184G, and the quaitit old red sandstone monument of 
Sheriff Tyng, of the Revolutionary era. 

On the opposite side of the yard, towards Mountfort 
Street, are tlie monuments erected to the memory of the 
naval heroes, William Burroughs, of the United States 
Brig " Enterprise," and Samuel BIythe, of His Majesty's 
Brig " Boxer," who fought and died together off this coast, 
Sept. 5, 1813, and were buried liere with impressive and im- 
posing ceremonies on the Sth of September. Beside them 
lies Lieut. Kervin Waters, of the " Enterprise," mortally 
wounded in the same action, of which Longfellow sings: 

'* 1 romciubcr the ?ca-fii;lit far aw.ay, 
Ht)\v it thunilered o'er the tule ! 
Ami the dead captains, as they lay 
In their graves oveHuoliing the tranquil bay, 
\Vhei"e they in buttle died." 

The navy is well represented here. Commodore Preble 
liad his white marble monument ; and here also is com- 
memorated the death of the gallant Lieut. Henry Wads- 
worth (uncle of the poet Longfellow, and for whom he was 
named), who fell before Tripoli, in 1804. The Rev. Edward 
Payson also was buried here; and an ornamental shaft of 
white marble marks the resting-place of Rev. JMr. Reese, 
of the Universalist Church. Most of the old monu- 
ments are box-like structures of brick and granite, or tables 
supported on pillars. The grass grows rankly over the 
crowded graves; the elms and poplars, which have sprung 
up at their own sweet will, cast here and there a shade ; and 
year by year the grave-stones settle and grow more and more 
awry. 

WESTERN CEMETERY. 

The Western Cemetery was laid out as an additional 
burial place in 1820. The site chosen on Bramhall Hill 
was then ftr enough away from the centre of population, 
although it now adjoins the most substantial residence por- 
tion of the city, the population having extended westward 
to the extreme end of the peninsula. This cemetery com- 
prises about twelve acres of ground, purchased of the heirs 
of Josiah Paine, Elias Merrill, and others. The first por- 
tion of it was purchased Dec. 8, 1829. It has long since 
been filled with graves, and necessity has been created for 
rural cemeteries, outside of the city limits, of which we shall 
speak presently. In this cemetery the most conspicuous 
monuments are those of Chief-Justice Prentiss Mellen, 
erected in 1850, by the bar of the State, and a monument 
to Master Jackson, a time-honored teacher of the town, 
erected by his pupils. 

EVERGREEN CKJIETERY 

is a beautiful rural burial-place, situated in Westbrook, 
about two and a half miles out of the city. The road to 



it is over a smooth and well-graded pike, and its entrance 
is also on the line of the horse-car railway from the city 
through the suburban villages to Morrell's Corner, by which 
it may bo conveniently visited every half-hour during the 
(lay. Iti wandering through the winding paths of this 
beautiful retreat, noticing its thrifty shade-trees, beautiful 
flower-beds, and shining lakelets, and above all its elegant 
and costly monuments, which meet the view along the 
carriage-drives and retired walks, on every hand for miles 
in extent, one can hardly realize the fact that it is scarcely 
twenty-five years since the first grave was made and the 
first monument erected hero. 

This cemetery was projected in 1852, by the cominittoe 
on common burial-grounds for that year, appointed by the 
City Council, consisting of Messrs. Jones, Beckett, Jlcrrill, 
and Dearborn. Messrs. Jones and Beckett were delegated 
a sub-committee, to examine carefully the condition of 
burial-places and make suggestions of such improvements 
as they thought were needed. The labors of this committee 
were first directed to the Eastern Cemetery, which up to 
that time had been very much neglected. The rough board 
fence which inclosed it was falling into decay, the monu- 
ments had become defaced or broken by the thoughtless or 
vicious people who were allowed to make it a thoroughfare 
from Hancock to Congress Streets, while its southeastern 
boundary was made the receptacle, by those who dwelt on 
the other side of the fence, of all valueless or offensive re- 
fuse. This thoroughfare was at once debarred by the com- 
mittee, who placed a strong fence eight feet high on the 
side next to Hancock Street, graded convenient paths 
through the grounds, constructed a brick sidewalk with 
granite curbstones along the whole front on Congress Street, 
and erected the neat and substantial wooden fence which 
still incloses the cemetery. Thus was the good work of 
improvement inaugurated. The substantial stone wall which 
now prevents the bank on the southern side from caving 
down was erected subsequent to the great fire of 18CG. 

But improvements were not allowed to rest with what 
was done for the Eastern Cemetery. The question of pro- 
curing a rural cemetery out of the city had been mooted, 
but there was miich opposition to it, which continued till 
after the land had been purchased. The committee, how- 
ever, were indefatigable. They at first purchased a little 
over 54 acres of ground of Oliver Buckley and William 
Stevens, for $5299. By subsequent purchases, involving 
an expenditure of about $25,000 more, the area h;u> been 
increased, so that at the present time the cemetery com- 
prise.s nearly 200 acres. 

The city has still another public burial-place, viz. : 

FOREST CITY CE.METERY, 

lying on the southerly side of Fore River, south of Vaughan's 
Bridge, purchased of Samuel Haskell, Aug. 12, 1858, con- 
taining about 50 acres, for which the sum of $5000 was 
paid. 

MOUNT CALVARY CEMETERY 

is the Catholic burying-ground. It is situated in Cape 
Elizabeth, about two miles from the centre of the city, and 
comprises about 60 acres. Before the selection of this 
ground the Catholic citizens had buried in a part of the 




/ Ofl- 



Ur. iSleplieii Cuniiuiugs was born in Aiiduver, Mass., 
Jan. 12, 1773. He received a good education while young, 
studied medicine, and about the year 179-1 married Eleanor 
Hale, of the town of Temple, N. II. In 1795 he settled 
in Waterford, Me., as a physician, and practiced until 1801, 
when he removed to Portland, where he practiced medicine 
and surgery for some forty-five years, and until near his 
death, which occurred March 2, 1854. Dr. Cummlngs was 
known as among the earliest and most successful physicians 
of Portland. His social, genial, and unassuming ways won 
for him many friends. He was particularly fond of asso- 
ciations with young people, who learned to respect him in 
his old age. He possessed that integrity in all his relations 
with men that commanded their esteem and confidence, and 
his skill in the practice of his profession ranked him among 
the best educated men in medicine in the State. His chil- 
dren were Mrs. Sarah A. Bradley, died 1875 ; Dr. Sumner 
Cummings, for many years a physician of Portland, died 
1848; Stephen Cummings, died 1863; John M., graduate 
of Bowdoin College, and physician of Portland for many 
years, and a farmer during the latter part of his life, died 
1878; Fitz Henry Cummings, died 1837;" and Nathan 
Cummings, who was born in Waterford, Aug. 20, 1796, 
and when five years old came with liis father to Portland. 
He graduated at Bowdoin College in 1817 in a class of 
eight, none of whom survive. 

Nathan Cummings .studied law with Stephen Longfellow 
when his ofiice was in his dwelling-house, and his sign was 
over the door of the small one-story addition next to the 
Preble House, which wa.s built for an entrance to the law 
office, then in the east room. He was admitted to practice 
in the State courts in 1820. By the invitation of the town 
authorities, he delivered an oration in the First Parish meet- 
ing-house on the 4th of July, 1822. 

In 1824 he married Emily, daughter of Isaac Ilsley, 



rhoto. by M. F. King. 

who was culkictor of customs for the Portland district 
twenty-seven years, and who resigned in 1829 rather than 
hold the office under President Jackson. 
! In ] 830 he was chosen a director of the Casco Bank in 
j a board composed of the prominent citizens, none of whom 
are now living, viz. : Eliphalet Greeley, Ezekiel Day, Charles 
Mussey, M. P. Sawyer, Christopher Wright, Phineas Var- 
num, Nathan Cummings. Mr. Cummings was annually 
re-elected forty-six years, and held the office at the time of 
his death. He was an active politician in the days of the 
Whig party, and in 1840 he was appointed collector of the 
port by President Harrison, and in 1843 lie was removed 
by Tyler for opinion's sake. In 1848 Mr. Cummings en- 
gaged in the flour business with the late Joseph C. Noyes ; 
but his home and his books had stronger attractions for him 
than the uncertainties of mercantile life, and after a suc- 
cessful business of three or four years the firm was dissolved, 
and he spent the remaining years of his life in quiet enjoy- 
ment, with an occasional visit to his friends and the libra- 
ries of Boston. He was a member of the Maine Historical 
Society, elected in 1834. 

He was a member of the old rifle corps forty-five years 
ago. The corps was then celebrated for its social gather- 
ings, when the best literary talent of the town vied in witty 
songs, sentiments, and sharp sayings. At the close of an 
anniversary dinner, Mr. Cummings thus gracefully and feel- 
ingly alluded to our departed comrades, wliom he has now 
joined. To fully appreciate the sentiment which brought 
all to their feet, it must be recollected that the adopted color 
of the corps was green : 

" Our departed comrades: 
Their plume is the wild weed, 
Their mantle is the green of the valley." 

He died in 1870, leaving three sons and one daughter 
who yet survive, — Dr. Isaac I., a graduate of Harvard Col- 
lege, Mrs. Charlotte A. Miller, Augustus, and Stephen H. 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



193 



Western Cemetery set off to them. But in 1857 the Rt. 
Rev. David W. Biicon, late bishop of the diocese of Port- 
land, with that enlari;ed policy which characterized all his 
measures for the welfare of his church, procured this site 
fur a cemetery, where the faithful members of his flock 
niiglit repose after death in grounds consecrated according 
to the forms of their own faith. 

THE LONGFKLLOW HOUSE. 

Next west of the Preble House, somewhat back from the 
street, beneath a shade of drooping elms, is an old mansion, 
which was the finst brick house erected in Portland, in 
1785. It was built by Gen. Peleg Wadsworth, who in his 
day was a dislingui!^hed military man, having been second 
in command in the expedition to the Penobscot, in 1779, 
and the first representative in Congress from this district. 
His son-in-law, Stephen Longfellow, who afterwards occu- 
pied the house, added a third story to it, and the line of 
addition is still plainly to be seen in the weather-beaten 
bricks. It is a plain, old fashioned mansion. The impres- 
sion generally prevails that the poet Longfellow was born in 
this house, but it is a mistake. 

COLLECTION OF CUSTOMS. 

Falmouth was the only collection district in JIaine pre- 
vious to the Revolution. In 1701 naval oflSccs were es- 
tablished by law in every seaport in the province, " for the 
entering and clearing of all ships and other vessels trading 
to and from it," and a fee-table was prepared for their regu- 
lation. The colony laws relating to imports were numer- 
ous. At first small duties were laid upon wines and spirits, 
which were afterwards extended to " all goods, wares, mer- 
chandises, and provisions of all sorts, excepting fish, sheep's 
wool, cotton wool, salt," and a few other articles of common 
necessity. By a statute passed in 1G70, by Ma.ssachusetts, 
the duty was ud valoiem Id. for every 20s. value, but the 
tariff was then, as now, the subject of continual alteration. 

When the naval oiBce was opened in this port we have 
been unable to ascertain. Moses Pearson is said to have 
been the first naval ofiicer, which was probably about 1730. 
He was succeeded by Enoch Freeman in 1749, who was 
appointed deputy collector in 1750. But the business of 
the town increasing, it was thought proper to establish a 
collection district here in 1758, and Francis Waldo was 
appointed the first collector. He was representative of 
the town in 1702 and 1763. At the commencement of 
the Revolution he went to P]ngland and never returned. 
His estates here were confiscated under the absentee act in 
1782 and .sold. He died in London. Allon McLean was 
Waldo's deputy until 17G0. McLean was killed in the 
house of Capt. Ross, in Middle Street, in March, 1760, by 
the iiiUing of the garret-floor loaded with corn. This fell 
upon McLean in the chamber, carried that floor down, and 
killed John Fleet in the kitchen. Tiiey were both from 
Scotland, each twenty-six years old, and buried in one 
grave. 

In 1770, George Lyde was appointed collector of the 

port by the board of commissioners, who appointed Thomas 

Oxnard, of Falmouth, his deputy. At the commencement 

of the Revolution the oflicers of the customs here were 

25 



Mr. Lyde, Mr. Oxnard, Mr. Child, weigher and gaugcr, 
David Wyer, Sr., tide surveyor, and Arthur Savage, comp- 
troller. On the breaking out of the war all the persons 
connected with the custom-house, except Mr. Child, joined 
the royal party and left the country. Mr. Child was then 
appointed to the principal cluirge of the post by Massachu- 
setts, under the title of naval officer, and held it until his 
death in 1787. 

Before the Revolution the custom-house was kept in a 
dwelling-house, on the corner of King and Middle Streets, 
and was burnt in the conflagration of the town. The next 
custom-house was a pine shed, and the third a wooden 
building, but little better, which was also used as a store- 
hou.se ; the next building, described by Mr. Neal as a " Doric 
temple," was a tall structure of Sand Bay granite, and was 
superseded by another granite building, of much larger di- 
mensions, erected by the United States, on the site of the 
present custom-house. It was an imposing structure, with 
a row of columns in front. It was destroyed by fire in the 
great conflagration of 1860, and the new structure was 
afterwards erected. 

The present custom-house is one of the finest buildings 
in the city. The material is a very light-colored granite, 
from Concord, N. H., resembling the finest marble. It 
cost about §500,000, is thoroughly and elegantly finished 
within and without, and is believed to be fire-proof. We 
subjoin the following names and terms of office of the col- 
lectors of customs at the port of Portland, from 1787 to 
1879: Nathaniel F. Fosdick, 1787-1802; Isaac Ilsley, 
1802-29; John Chandler, 1829-41 ; Nathan Cummings, 
1841-43 ; John Anderson, 1843-45 ; Robert P. Dunlap, 
1845-49 ; Luther Jewett,* 1849-53 ; Ezra Carter, 1853- 
57; Bloses McDonald, 1857-61 ; Jedediah Jewett, 1861- 



'•"' The pedigree of Joseph Jewett, who came from Bradford, W. R., 
Yorkehire, England, to Rowley, Mass., 1638, from Uenri de Juatt, a 
knight of the First Crusades, is in possession of Rev. Caleb Hulcbin- 
son, of Indiana, who is compiling a history of the family. 

Descended from this Joseph Jewett, of Rowley, through Nchcniiab 
Jewett, Speaker of the House of Massachusetts, were Joseph and 
James Jewett, who came to Portland from Rowley during the latter 
half of the last century. 

Joseph Jewett lived on .Middle and Silver Streets, and the amount 
of silver stored in his cellar during the French war gave a name to 
the street. 

The brothers were graduates of Harvard College, and their children 
were Rev. Caleb Luther, collector of this port; Jedediah, mayor of 
Portland ; Joseph Scott, major-general of the 5tb Division. M. V. M., 
and colonel in United States army, 1S39; George, colonel in militia. 
Some of these were connected by blood and marriage with Elijah 
Kellogg's family, Governor Dunlap's family, Professor Young's family, 
and Gen. Jameson's family. 

Gen. Jewett's children are (1) Col. James C, the only American 
merchant who was allowed by Congress to arm his vessels. He was 
Governor of the Lobos Islands, which he discovered and protected by 
the guns of his vessels, and which the Peruvian government bought 
of him by paying to his order $1,000,000 into the United Stiitos 
Treasury; (2) William S. ; (.3) Robert P.; (4) Mary Jane; (5) Har- 
riette de Jlar, who married Capt. Frederick Forsyth, last commander 
of the historic " Rifle Corps." 

The other Jewetts of this branch are Sarah 0., " Colorado" Jewett, 
first Governor of Colorado. Mrs. Dell P. Harrison, of New York, and 
Seward Jewett. 

A few years ago a family by the name of i\Iahony, in this city, 
chan"ed its name to Jewett. Of course none of these belonged to the 
Jewetts of Rowley. — Genealogist. 



]n+ 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



63; Israel Washburn, Jr., 18G3-77; Lot M. Morrill, 
1877. 

rOST-OFPICE. 

The postoffico building is of Vcniiont marble, and co.st 
$5()(),0()(l. The ground floor is oecuj)iod by the spacious 
and well-arranged apartments of the city post-office, and 
the whole second story by the United States court-rooms 
and offices. The building is elegantly fitted and furnished 
throughout, and is one of the finest in the city. The first 
post-office building owned by the United States in Portland 
was known as the E.xciiauge, and occupied the site of the 
present building. It was erected by the city at a cost — in- 
cluding the land— of $100,000, and was sold to the United 
States in 1849 for $149,000, $2000 of which were to be 
expended in repairs. It was in its day the most notable 
structure in Portland, being composed of beautiful syenite 
from the Kennebunk quarries. The length of the building 
on Exchange Street was 13G feet, and its principal front, on 
Middle Street, 75 feet, the height being three stories. It 
was surmounted by a dome 75 feet high from the sidewalk, 
and 63 feet in diameter, and the front elevation supported 
by a row of eight beautiful columns. The Exchange was 
destroyed by fire, and with it the natural histoiy collection. 
It was rebuilt by the United Slates, and stood till the great 
fire of 1866. The present building occupies the same site, 
and was erected by the United States government after the 
fire. 

The following are tlie names of the postmasters of Port- 
land since Samuel Freeman, who was appointed by Benja- 
min Franklin, Postmaster-General, by a commission — still 
preserved in this office — bearing date Oct. 1, 1775. Deacon 
Freeman was removed by Jefferson, in 1803, for political 
reasons; Samuel Freeman, Oct. 5, 1775-1804; Thomas 
M. Prentiss, 1804-5; Jo.^hua Wiiigate, Feb. 20, 1805, to 
Aug. 8, 1805; James Wingate, Aug. 9, 1805-15; Robert 
llsley,* 1815-28; Math. Harris ;t Nathaniel Law, 1828- 
29; Nathaniel Mitchell, 1829-34; Thomas Todd, 1834- 
39; Nathaniel Mitchell, 1839-41; Sylvanus 11. Lyman, 
1841-45 ; Nathan L. Woodbury, 1845-49 ; Joshua Dunn, 
1849-53; Nathan L. Woodbury, 1853-57 ; Samuel Jor- 
dan, 1857-61; Andrew T. Dole, 1861-65; Woodbury 
Davis,* 1865-71 ; Charles W. Goddard, 1871. 

FIRE DEPARTMENT. 
Nahum Littlefield, Chief Engineer. 
Granville II. Cloyes, First Assistant Engineer. 
John H. Hussell, Second Assistant Engineer. 
Charles D. Skillings, Third Assistant Engineer. 
Amory H. Rogers, Fourth Assistant Engineer. 

APPARATUS. 

The fire-apparatus consists of five steam fire-engines in 
commission and one held in reserve ; five (horse) hose-car- 
riages, which are run in connection with the steamers; 
two hose-carriages held in reserve ; two hook-and-ladder 
trucks; one hand-engine and hose-carriage; one hose-car- 
riage held in reserve at tlie almshouse, and one fire- 
department wagon for genei'al use. 

The following are the engines in use : 



■ Difil ID uQice. 



t AiipointL-d in 182:i, but declined. 



Miichignnne Steamer, No. 1. — Located No. 557 Con- 
gress Street. This engine was built by the Amoskeag 
Manufacturing Company, Manchester, N. H. Put in ser- 
vice July 1, 1871. It is a double reciprocating vertical 
engine, 7j-inch cylinders, 8-incli stroke; pumps 4^ inches 
in diameter, 8-inch stroke ; will throw 600 gallons of water 
per minute ; it has 4| square feet grate surface, 219 square 
feet of heating surface. Weight, 7400 pounds. Jeremiah 
Ilslcy, Foreman ; Edward W. Porter, Engineer. 

J'orlland Steamer, No. 2. — Located No. 134 Congress 
Street. Built by Amoskeag Manufacturing (Company, 
Manchester, N. II., in 1861 ; rebuilt in 1871. Diameter 
of steam cylinder 82 inches, 12-inch stroke; plunger ])ump 
4 1 inches diameter, 12-inch stroke. Weight of engine, 
5600 pounds. The engine held in reserve, likewise called 
Portland, No. 2, is kept at No. 2 engine-house, and is used 
in summer, while the first No. 2 is used in winter. Edward 
II. Sargent. Foreman; John Cousins, Engineer. 

Cumberland Steamer, Ko. 3. — Located No. 176 Brackett 
Street. Built by the Portland Company in 1870. Steam 
cylinder 9 f inches in diameter, lO-iuch stroke; diameter 
of pump 4| inches; will throw 400 gallons per minute. 
Weight of engine, 6800 pounds. Richard II. Ball, Fore- 
man ; Alfred Wiggin, Engineer. 

Falmonth Sleayner, No. 4. — Located No. 157 Spring 
Street. Built by the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, 
Manchester, N. H. Put in service Dec. 20, 1873. It is a 
double reciprocating vertical engine ; diameter of cylinder, 
7^ inches, stroke 8 inches; pumps 4A inches diameter, 
8-inch stroke; will throw GOO gallons of water per minute. 
Weight of engine, 7600 pounds. A. F. Griffin, Foreman ; 
T. H. Williams, engineer. 

Casco Steamer, No. 5. — Located No. 380 Congress 
Street. Built by Portland Company in 18G6, rebuilt 1871. 
Steam cylinder 9§ inches in diameter, 10-inch stroke; 
sleeve pump, 4J inches in diameter, 10-inch stroke ; will 
throw 400 gallons per minute. Weight of engine, 6800 
pounds. Robert II. Slurpliy, Foreman ; Charles P. French, 
Engineer. 

Dirigo Hand Engine, No. 8. — Located at the westerly 
end of Congress Street, on Burnham Street, near Libby 
corner. The engine was built by Leonard Crockett in 1852. 
Diameter of cylinder, 62 inches, 16-inch stroke. The com- 
pany receive no pay for their services, doing duty in the 
city only when specially called for. Ileury Batchelder, 
Foreman. 

Washington JIouh-aud-Ladder, No. 1 . — Located on In- 
dia, near Congress Street. Truck built by Hunnemnn & 
Co., Boston, and put in service in August, 1874. The 
company attached consists of 20 members. Benj. L. Saw- 
yer, Foreman ; W. R. Gribben, Clerk. 

Eagle IJook-and-Laddcr, No. 2. — Located on JIarkct, 
near Congress Street. The company attached comprises 
10 members. Truck built by Remington & Co., Provi- 
dence, R. I., in 1866, remodeled and improved in 1869. 
John IL Long, Foreman ; Frederic E. Jacobs, Clerk. 

Flli EALAUSi TELEGRAril. 

Connected with this are 41 alarm-boxes, 28 miles of wire, 
4 bell-strikers, 6 large gongs, 16 city call-beils, 8 private 



Jl,l 




riii'to. by Larnson, I'mtlanii. 



/Xj/^^^^^ ^^,/yt/j^ 



David Moulton is sixth in descent from John 
Moiihon, tlie emigrant ancestor, who was born at 
Ormsby, Norfoliv Co., England, about 1599. Left 
England, with his wife Aimie and five children, in 
the spring of 1637 ; settled at Winnacunnctt, N. H., 
in 1638,'adinitted a freeman May 22, 1639, was 
chosen tiie first deputy to the General Court the next 
September, and died about 1650. 

His grandfather, David Moulton, was a soldier 
of the Revolutionary war, and was in the battle of 
Butt's Hill, R. I., fought Aug. 29, 1778, under the 
command of Gen. Sullivan. He married Dorothy, 
a descendant of Joseph Moulton, who was also one of 
tiie first settlers of Winnacunnctt (Hampton), N. H. 
Removed fron;, Hampton to Porter, N. H., in 1794, 
and at the first town-meeting held after the incor- 
poration of Porter, in 1807, he was chosen chair- 
man of the selectmen, and continued a member of 
the board until 1822, with the exception of two years. 

Joseph Moulton, second son, and father of the sub- 
ject of this sketch, was born July 23, 1797. Married^ 
Abigail Goodwin, daughter of Zachariaii Beal, of 
Portsmouth, N. H., Feb. 10, 1823. Siie was born 
at New Market, Jan. 25, 1798. He was a shoe- 
maker and tanner at Portsmouth, N. H., and at 
Porter, Me., until 1835, when he removed to Fox- 
croft, Me., where he carried on farming until 1855, 
when he removed to ^ycstbrook (now Dcoring), 
where he continues to reside in 1879. He held the 
office of adjutant of 2d Regiment, 2d Brigade, Gth 
Division, ten years ; of deputy sheriff for Oxford 
County, eight years; for Pisciitaquis County, eight 



years ; of coroner, for fourteen years ; of United 
States deputy marshal (appointed in 1840) ; and 
of selectman, assessor, and overseer of the poor of 
Westbrook for the years 1856-57. In politics he 
was a Democrat until the formation of tlie Repub- 
lican party. 

Of their children, David is the eldest son ; born 
at Porter, Nov. 21, 1825. He was educated at the 
town schools of Porter and Foxcroft Academy. At 
the age of fourteen he became a clerk in Bangor, 
Me. Subsequently he w^as a student at Foxcroft 
Academy, followed by two terms as a teacher. In 
the spring of 1844 he came to Portland, and for 
several years was a clerk in a hat and cap store. He 
afterw'ards set up business for liimself, and engaged 
in the hat and cap trade, and for a time in the sale of 
corn and flour. 

May 15, 1863, he was appointed deputy collector 
of customs for the district of Portland and Falmouth. 
This office he continues to hold, having officiated 
under Jedediah Jewett, Governor M'ashburn, and 
Lot M. Morrill, collectors. He also acts iis cashier 
at the custom house, and is responsible for a faith- 
ful and accurate disj)ositi()n of all moneys received. 
Gen. Taylor, for whom he cast iiis first vote, Lin- 
coln, and Grant, were his choice for |)residents. He 
married, Nov. 26, 1852, Elizabeth J., daughter 
of Ebenezer Wentworth, of Biddeford, Mc His 
wife was born April 4, 1829, and died Feb. 10, 
1869, leaving five children, — Abbic Cora (deceased), 
Henry C, Sarah Agnes, George Albert, an<l Mary 
Lizzie. 




Photo, by Lamson, Portliind. 



c^^2X/AA X^i3^^^^^ 



His grandfather Jonas, born in Hoi! is, N. H., 
married Sarah Pool, a native of the same place, in 
1792. Removed to Portland about 1800, and reared 
a family of seven sons and four daughters. Jonas B. 
Smith, father of Lewis R., was fourth son ; was born 
in Portland in tlie year 1801 ; married Lucy Bartlett, 
daughter of Bartlett Holmes, a native of Plymouth, 
Mass., in 1820. Siic was born in 1802. He went 
to Bath, Me., in 1811, and there was engaged in chair- 
making and painting. He died in 1835. Of his 
six children, Lewis B. was second son, born in 
Bath, Dec. 24, 1825, and there received his early 
education. 

In 1841 he came to Portland, and learned cabinet- 
making. He also learned wood engraving, stereo- 
typing and electrotyping, which he successfully car- 
ried on for some time, and for a iQ.\v years he was 
engaged in the manufacture of candles and soap. 
Very soon after taking up his residence in Port- 
land he began to take an interest in local politii'S 
and the affairs of the city. 

From 1845 to 1860 he was a member of the fire 
department, and was its chief engineer in 1859-60. 
In 1858 he was appointed justice of the peace and 
dedimus justice, offices which he now holds. Dur- 
ing the same year he was elected clerk of Free Street 



Baptist parish, and still retains that position by 
successive elections. For some twelve years he was 
a member of the superintending school committee 
of the city, and in 1873 its chairman. 

Mr. Smith was originally a Whig, but upon the 
organization of tlie Republican party, in 1856, he 
became an advocate of its principles. He was a 
member of the City Council in 1857-59, and during 
the last two years president of the council. 

In 1861 he was appointed United States weigher 
and ganger at Portland, and in 1863 he received 
the appointment of deputy collector of customs, and 
by reappointment retains the office in 1879, for three 
terms being a deputy under Governor Washburn, 
and one terra under Hon. Lot M. Morrill. He was 
api)ointed a member of Governor Corry's staff in 
1864, and ranked as lieutenant-colonel, serving for 
three years. In 1857 he was ajipointed raiiroid 
commissioner, on behalf of the State of Maine, for 
the Boston and Maine Railway. 

He married, Oct. 28, 1847, Julia Ann, daughter 
of George B. Eaton, of Portland. She was born in 
May, 1824. 

Their children are Helena Virginia (deccasetl), 
Clara Virginia, wife of George INL Bosworth, Clias. 
D., Frank L. (deceased), Lewis E., and Fred. W. 



CITY OF POKTLAND. 



195 



call-bolls, 4 ropeaters, 5 galvanometers, 4 testing-koys, and 
330 jars of battery. 

CHAKLEs McLaughlin & co. 

The firm of Charles McLaughlin & Co. was established 
in 1857, and was then composed of Charles Davis and 
Charles McLaughlin. George E. Davis, Charles Walker, 
Daniel W. Ames, and Albert Drummond afterwards became 
members. Charles Davis retired from tlie firm in 1871, 
and Daniel W. Ames in 1874. 

This firm began business on Commercial Street, No. 163, 
near the head of Union Wharf, removed to No. 84 (Thomas 
Block ) in 18G0, where they remained until December, 1879, 
when they removed to the large and spacious store on Cen- 
tral Street (head of Central Wharf). This store, represented 




lUUl 








by the cut, is one of the largest and best-arranged wholesale 
grocery-stores in New England. This firm ranks with the 
heaviest wholesale grocers of Portland. 

THE PORTLAND WATER COMPANY. 

Under a charter from the Legislature a company was 
organized April, 1867, for the purpose of supplying the 
city with water from Lake Sebago, a distance of seventeen 
miles. The water from the lake is received into an oval 
brick conduit, three feet high and two feet broad, and a 
little more than a mile in length, constructed through a 
ledge of hard rock ; six hundred feet of this conduit being 
a tunnel six feet by four in size. From the end of the con- 
duit the water is received into a wrought-iron pipe, coated 
inside and out with a lining of cement, and twenty inches 
in diameter, by which it is conveyed through the town of 
Standi-sh, and thence following the highway through Gor- 
ham and the villages of Saccarappa and Stroudwater to the 
reservoir. This reservoir is bounded by Vaughan, Brackett, 
Bramhall, and Chadwick Streets, covering an area of 100,000 
square feet, and has a capacity of 12,000,000 gallons. Over 
thirty-three miles of distribution-pipe and about twenty- 
eight miles of service-pipe have been laid through the city. 

In 1876 an additional main was laid, 26 inches in diame- 
ter, extending from the lower gate-house to Ward's Hill in 
West Gorham, a distance of four miles, the object being to 



insure a fuller supply of water. In 1878 this pipe was 
extended three miles to a point beyond Little River, in 
Gorham, and will be extended to the city the present year, 
thus giving two independent main pipes from Lake Sebago 
to Portland. 

Lake Sebago would suffice to supply the largest city in 
the world, being of great depth, and with its tributary lake- 
lets, more than 150 square miles in superficial extent; and 
scientific tests have demonstrated that there is less impurity 
in its waters than in any other lake that has been analyzed 
in the world. It is two hundred and sixty -.seven feet above 
tide-waters at Portland, so its waters can be carried into 
the highest buildings in the city. 

D. W. Clark, President; J. P. Oilman, Vice-President ; 
Geo. P. Wescott, Treasurer ; E. 11. Payson, Secretary. 

PORTLAND GAS-LIGHT COMPANY. 
Incorporated in 1849, and organized Jan 1, 1850. The 
works of the company are situated on West Commercial, 
near foot of Clark Street. Their gas mains have been ex- 
tended through the principal streets of the city to the 
distance of twenty-five miles. Capital stock, -8:550,000, of 
which the city owns 885,000. 

E. H. Davcis, President ; J. T. IMcCobb, Treasurer ; C. 
S. D. Griflin, Secretary; Wm. Yorke, Engineer. 

PORTLAND DRY-DOCK COMPANY. 

Incorporated in February, 1868. The company has two 
docks, built on the plan of the Simpson Patent. The 
largest is 425 feet long, 100 feet wide, with a depth of 
water on the gate-sill of 20 feet at ordinary high tide, which 
is the largest draught of water pertaining to any dock in 
the United States. This dock could probably take in any 
vessel now afloat excepting the " Great Eastern."' 

The smaller one is 175 feet long, 80 feet wide, and has 
a depth of 12 feet on its gate-sill at ordinary high tide. 

The dock premises under the control of the company, 
adjoining the Cape Elizabeth Bridge, on the Cape Elizabeth 
side, comprise an area of 25 acres, facing the harbor. 

Ardon W. Coombs, Secretary; Jacob !McLeIlan, Jacob 
S. Winslow, L. D. M. Sweat, Philip H. Brown, Horatio 
N. Jose, Managers. 

PORTLAND SAFE-DEPOSIT VAULT. 

This vault, erected in the year 1872, at No. 87 Exchange 
Street, by the Portland Safe-Deposit Company, supplies 
what has long been deemed by our banking men a necessity. 
The frequent robberies of banks, offices, and dwellings have 
led to the establishment of these institutions in nearly all 
our larger cities. The policy of this company is tliat of 
offerin" to their depositors and renters the protection of an 
absolutely fire and burglar proof vault, with complete ar- 
rangements for its protection, as an absolutely safe place 
for the deposit of valuables, at a slight expense in com- 
parison with the security ofl'ered. 

The vault is of the latest and most improved construction, 
and the security it affords is not exceeded in this or any 
other city. 

Connected with the vault is an elcgantly-furni.>hed room, 
open at all business hours to the renters, in which tliey can 
transact their business in perfect safety and assured privacy. 



196 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



THE PRESUMPSCOT IRON COMPANY. 

The works of this company are located at the mouth of 
Presumpscot River, about two miles from the city, contig- 
uous to the Grand Trunk Railway, and have wharf and 
water facilities for the accommodation of the larjjest vessels. 
The buildings are large and roomy, and furnished with 
machinery of the most approved plans, for all kinds of 
heavy as well as smaller forgings. 

Francis McDonald, President ; George E. B. Jackson, 
Treasurer and Clerk ; Francis JIcDonald, George E. B. 
Jackson, James D. Fessenden, Joseph S. Rieker, and Henry 
M. Payson, Directors. Office, 194 Fore Street. 

GREENLEAF LAW LIBRARY. 

Incorporated February, 18G7. The law library, belonging 
to the Cumberland bar, came to an end in the great fire. 
Soon after, Mrs. Grecnlcaf, of Cambridge, Blass., hearing 
of the loss, tendered the law library of her late husband, 
which had descended from his father, Simon Grcenleaf, 
formerly of this city, as a gift to the bar, which was grate- 
fully received. It consisted of 1260 volumes. This has 
been increased by puichase, so that the library now com- 
prises 2700 volumes. 

Officers for ISTD : Bion Bradbury, President; S. C. 
Strout, Vice-President; George F. Holmes, James T. Mc- 
Cobb, Nathan Cleaves, Trustees ; Byron D. Verrill, Secre- 
tary and Treasurer; Clarence Hale, Jos. A. Locke, Edward 
P. Payson, Committee on Festivities. 

PORTLAND INSTITUTE AND PUBLIC LIBRARY. 

An association under this name was incorporated Jan. 22, 
18G7, its object being to establish and maintain "a library, 
and an institute of natural history, science, and art, in the 
city of Portland." Through the munificence of the city 
authorities, spacious rooms have been provided for the 
library, etc., in the city building, and the number of 
bound volumes already collected is nearly 26,000, whilst a 
goodly display of the busts of celebrated men, and other 
works of art, adorn the rooms. The library is on the north- 
westerly side of the city building, on the main floor. Citi- 
zens, by paying $2 per annum, have the privilege of taking 
out two books at any time ; and the use of the books on 
the premises is free to all comers. The teachers of the 
public schools and members of the city government have use 
of the library free of charge. 

The price of life membership is $50 ; of annual member- 
ship, $5. 

The rooms are open on secular days from ten A.M. to 
nine p.m. 

AVilliam L. Putnam, President ; Israel Washburn, Jr., 
Vice-President; Edward A. Noyes, Treasurer; Merritt B. 
Coolidge, Clerk ; Stephen M. Watson, Librarian. 

PORTLAND SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY. 

Organized December, 1843; incorporated June 7, 1850. 

This society has been regarded with marked favor by the 
community generally, and under its auspices one of the 
most valuable cabinets in the country was collected, which 
was totally destroyed in the conflagration of the Exchange 
building, where it was deposited, in January, 1854. 



It persevered, and collected an extensive now museum of 
specimens, and, through the liberality of the State and 
citizens, purchased land and con.structed a fine edifice on 
Congress Street for their deposit and for lecture-rooms. 
This, too, was swept away by fire in the great conflagration 
of 1866. The city took part of the land for widening Con- 
gress Street, and the remainder was sold. The society now 
occupy rooms in the City Hall building, where they have 
already collected a valuable, though not large cabinet. In 
1876 it purchased the spacious Day property on Elm 
Street, and at present is making earnest eflxjrts towards 
erecting a substantial and cotnmodious building thereon, 
with proper laboratories and lecture-rooms, and galleries 
for the accommodation of its collections. A finer location 
for such a building could not be found in the city. 

Contributions of natural and artificial curiosities are so- 
licited from sea-captains and others, who are in the way of 
obtaining them. 

Officers : Dr. William Wood, President ; Sylvester B. 
Beckett, Vice-President ; John M. Gould, Corresponding 
and Recording Secretary ; Edward Gould, Treasurer. 
These, with seven associate managers, constitute the board 
of government. The associate managers are Samuel E. 
Spring, T. C. Hersey, Lewis Pierce, W. S. Dana, Dr. 
Thomas Hill, William Senter, and Alexander W. Long- 
fellow. Charles B. Fuller, Cabinet- Keeper. 

MUSICAL SOCIETIES. 
HAYDN ASSOCIATION. 
Objects, individual improvement, and raising the standard 
of public taste in sacred music. The association meets at 
Union Hall every Monday evening. The number of mem- 
bers at the time of the annual meeting was 100. The as- 
sociation has a valuable collection of oratorio and other 
music. 

Officers for 1879: John B. Coyle, Jr., President; G. 
B. Buzelle, Vice-President; George C. Burgess, Secretary ; 
Edward Noyes, Treasurer; William P. Jordan, Librarian; 
Hermann Kotzschmar, Conductor; Miss Fanny E. Jordan, 
Pianist. 

THE ROSSINI CLUB, 

composed entirely of ladies, 35 in number, comprises 
most of the superior and highly-cultivated singers and 
pianists in the city. This association holds regular meet- 
ings at Rossini Hall (formerly Odd-Fellow.s' Hall), No. 88 
Exchange Street, every Thursday, at eleven o'clock, A.M. 

Officers chosen in November, 1878: Mrs. Harriet 
Wetherbee, President; Miss Lizzie Dyer, Vice-President; 
Miss Lucy Blanchard, Secretary ; Mrs. E. M. Rand, 
Treasurer; Mrs. J. P. Thompson, Librarian. 

CHARITABLE ASSOCIATIONS. 

POllTLANl) PROVIDKNT ASSOCIATIO.V. 

Established in 1853. Objects, the prevention of want 

and the moral elevation of the poor. From the annual 

report, October, 1878, we glean the following facts: 

Totiil receipts auring the year $1700.93 

E.\|ienaitures 1172.17 

Ualance $i8S. 76 

Balaucc on haud at close of previous year 44:i.«0 

Available funds $1031.76 




WESTON F. MILLIKEN 



is a ck'sceiidiint in the seventli'genenition from Hugli 
Milliken, wlio was born in Scotland, and came to this 
conntry, settling at Boston, alwiit 1 (550. Andrew and 
Arthur Alger, brotliers, settled in the town of Scar- 
bnrongh in 1651. They were killed by the Indians 
in 1675. 

John, son of Hngh ]\Iiiliken, married Elizabeth, 
granddaughter of Andrew Alger, in 1690; settled in 
Scarborough in 1719. He purchased the interest of 
the other heirs in the Alger estate, and held the prop- 
erty under an Indian title in court in 17."30. TJie 
children of John ^lillikin were John, Edward, Sam- 
uel, and Nathaniel. 

Henjamin, grandfather of Weston F. Milliken, 
born in 1764, removed from Scarborough, settling 
tirst in North Yarmouth, and afterwards in Buck- 
field, Me. His father, Josiah, married Elizabeth 
Freeman, resided in Buckfield, and reared a family 
of children, viz. : Mary F., Weston F., William 
Henry, Charles R., Seth M., George, and Addie. 

Weston F., son of Josiah Milliken, born in the 
town of Minot, Androscoggin Co., Sept. 28, 1829, 
sjient his minority at home, received his education in 
the common school and at Lewiston Academy, and 
for four terras was a teacher. 

At the age of twenty-one he became a clerk in 
Boston, and after two years began business for him- 
self as a general merchant in Minot, where he 
remained for four years. In 1856 he came to 
Portland, where he has since carried on business 



on Commercial Street as a wiiolesale grocer. He 
had associated with him for three years, 1856-59, 
Mr. Shaw (Milliken & Shaw), since which time 
his brother, Charles R. (W. F. & C. R. :Milliken), 
has been in business with him. George Milliken 
and Allen B. Moulton were admitted members 
of the firm in 186:^., but the firm-name remained 
unchanged. 

Mr. Milliken is interested in various local en- 
terprises. He was a director of the Cumberland 
National Bank for many years after its organization, 
and its president for some time prior to 1874. He 
has been a trustee of the Portland Savings Bank for 
upwards of fifteen years, and was elected one of the 
Building Loan Commissioners after the fire of 1866, 
which place he retains in 1879. He was one of the 
first solicitors of stock for the Portland, Bangor and 
Machias Steamboat Company, has been a director 
since the organization, and for several years \n\st its 
president. He is a stockholder in the Maine Steam- 
ship Company, and was one of the incorporators of 
the " Lloyds Maine Insurance Company." Mr. Mil- 
liken was elected on the Republican ticket a member 
of the State legislature for 1872-74, and for the 
last two years was chairman of the committee on 
banking, and a member of the finance committee. 
He married, June 20, 1854, Martha F., daughter of 
Jabez Haskell, of New Gloucester. His wife dietl 
Aug. 15, 1870, leaving an only daughter, Anna W. 
Milliken. 



CITY- OF PORTLAND. 



197 



This sum is exclusive of the invested fund of SOOOO. 

According to the agent's report, the amount spent for 
provisions in 1878 was $635 ; fuel, $230.33 ; boots and 
shoes, $G4.50 ; 1240 pieces of wearing apparel were dis- 
tributed. The following are the officers for 1879 : James 
P. Baxter, President ; Ezra Carter, James Bailey, Ebcn 
Corey, Vice-Presidents ; William Hammond, Treasurer ; 
C. C. Hayes, Secretary ; T. C. Hersey, J. R. Thompson, 
Samuel Rolfe, Oliver Gerrish, John Yeaton, W. W. Brown, 
Edward P. Chase, Henry Fox, Sylvester B. Beckett, James 
T. McCobb, Edward Gould, George W. Parker, Isaac F. 
Sturdivant, Richard Cole, Alfred Woodman, William A. 
Quincy, Alden J. Blethen, William Hammond, Lewis 
Pierce, W. S. Dana, Francis K. Swan, Alfred Haskell, 
George W. Baker, J. J. Gerrish, Advisers. Joseph R. 
Thompson, General Agent. Office, City Government build- 
ing, Myrtle Street, first door from Congress. 

This society is supported by donations and the annual 
contributions of its members ; the amount annually ex- 
pended averages about $2000. 

FEMALE PROVIDENT ASSOCIATION. 

The chief object of this association is to provide the 
destitute poor with clothing and shoes. In 1878 this asso- 
ciation distributed 12 yards dress goods, 3G5J yards print, 
299^ yards cotton, 1161 yards flannel, 441 yards cotton 
flannel, 19 pairs boots, 4 pairs rubbers, 3 pairs shoes, 2 pairs 
of hose, 3 sheets. Permanent fund, $1000. 

The following arc the officers for 1879 : Mrs. E. A. 
Waterhouse, President; Mrs. M. J. Hutchinson, Vice- 
President; Mrs. C. W. Coe, Secretary; Miss H. Radford, 
Treasurer; Miss 0. Beckett, Depository; Mrs. M. P. 
Emery, Mrs. I. P. Farrington, Mrs. M. J. Hutchinson, 
Mrs. C. H. Hall, Miss C. M. Patten, and Miss H. Pearson, 
Advisers. 

PORTLAND FRATERNITY 

is composed mainly of people of liberal religious views. Its 
aim is to provide moral and intellectual amusements and in- 
struction to all seekers. It has a library, a reading-room, 
well supplied with the current periodicals and newspapers, 
a room where a free evening school is sustained, and an 
amusement room, well provided with interesting games for 
the recreation of all visitors. Headquarters at 4 Free 
Street Block. 

Officers for the year 1879 : T. C. Hersey, President ; S. 
J. Anderson, Vice-President; H. C. Baxter, Treasurer; 
W. W. Thomas, J. P. Baxter, M. M. Butler, F. H. Ger- 
rish, W. I. Thom, Mrs. C. S. Fobes, Mrs. B. Bradbury, 
Mrs. J. E. Fernald, Miss N. T. Horsey, Directors. 

PORTLAND TVPOGRAPUICAL UNION, 

whose object is sufficiently set forth in its name, has the 
following officers for 1879: Fred. 0. Turner, President; 
Geo. D. Loring and M. W. Higgins, Vice-Presidents ; Wm. 
A. Chase, Recording Secretary ; Stephen D. Brown, Finan- 
cial Secretary; Chas. W. Bean, Corresponding Secretary; 
Isaac Cobb, Treasurer ; Edward F. Dougher, Sergeant-at- 
Arms ; A. M. Kimball, Goo. H. Owen, and Daniel Hamblen, 
Executive Committee. 



MAINE CHARITABLE MECII A.VIC ASSOCIATION. 

Incorporated June 14, 1815. Headquarters at Mechan- 
ics' Hall, corner of Congress and Casco Streets. The design 
of this association is to encourage and promote the meclianic 
arts, to relieve members and the widows and orphans of 
deceased members when in need. It possc.s.ses a valuable 
library of more than 4000 volumes. Through its kindly 
offices it has done much to enhance the respectability and 
intelligence of the mechanics of this city. 

The association, in 1856, purchased an eligible lot of 
land on the corner of Congress and Casco Streets, and 
erected thereon, for its accommodation, a large building with 
a front of cut granite, whose architectural proportions and 
permanence make it one of the most noticeable edifices in 
the city. Value, about $90,000. 

George A. Harmon, President; Ambrose Giddings, 
Vice-President; R. B. Swift, Recording Secretary; Ste- 
phen Marsh, Corresponding Secretary; Dan Carpenter, 
Treasurer; Messrs. Spencer Rogers, Nathaniel Walker, 
Daniel Glazier, Daniel Hamblen, Charles W. Lucy, and 
Frank I. Brett, together with the president, vice president, 
and treasurer, consitute the board of government. 

This association is entirely free from debt. 

M.\INE MARINE ENGINEERS' -ASSOCIATION. 

Object, mutual protection and relief. 

The officers for the year 1879 are George H. Coylc, 
President ; Geoi'ge C Johnson, Vice-President ; George 
Gushing, Treasurer ; T. B. Merrill, Secretary ; H. W. 
Lindsey, Conductor ; W. K. Rhodes, Doorkeeper ; George 
Gushing, J. H. Merrltt, E. B. Clapper, Trustees. 

The in.stitutioii numbers about 50 members, and is in a 
flourishing condition. 

RELIEF ASSOCIATION OF THE PORTLAND FIRE DEPART- 
MENT. 

Organized March 7, 1848. The object of the association 
is the relief of members who receive injuries in their limbs 
or health while in the discharge of their duty as members 
of the Portland fire department. 

The association is governed by a board of trustees, elected 
from the several companies, which board elects its own 
officers. The following constituted the board March 1, 
1879: Henry Fox,* President; Nahum Littlefield, Vice- 
President ; J. H. Russell, Secretary; J. C. Tewksbury,* 
Treasurer. These, with the following members, constitute 
the board of trustees, viz. : J. Ilsley, E. H. Sargent, R. H. 
Ball, A. F. Griffin, R. H. Murphy, B. L. Sawyer, R. S. 
Rand, Charles D. Skillins, A. J. Cummings, William Hen- 
nessey, G. H. Cloyes, Spencer Rogers,* D. W. Na.sh,* 
Samuel Thurston.* 

PORTLAND BENEVOLENT SOCIETV. 

Incorporated in 1803. Annual meeting, second Wed- 
nesday in October. Established principally to relieve 
persons who have seen better days, and the unfortunate 
stranger. 

At the annual meeting the following officers were chosen 

* Life mombcrs. 



198 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



for the year 1879, viz.: William W. Thomas, President; 
John B. Brown, Vice-President; Thomas R. Hayes, Sec- 
retary; Edward Gould, Treasurer ; John T. Oilman, M.D., 
Samuel E. Spring, Rev. William H. Fenn, Rev. Thomas 
Hill, D.D., Jlark P. Emery, Francis K. Swan, James P. 
Baxter, Managers. 

ST. Andrew's society. 

Object, the assistance of Scotchmen and their descend- 
ants who may be in need. Funds raised by an initiation 
fee, and assessment of $2 the first year, and $1 per year 
thereafter. 

Officers for the year 1879: John Main, Presiident; Geo. 
S. Hays, Vice-President; William Taylor, Treasurer; Thos. 
Burge.ss, Secretary ; Alfred Rubert.son, Assistant; Dr. Wm. 
Walters, Physician ; Rev. James McWhinnie, Chaplain ; 
Kenneth McDonald, Andrew Taylor, Robert M. Gould, 
Charitable Committee. 

PORTLAND MARINE SOCIETY. 

Incorporated in 179G. This society was established for 
the relief and education of seamen and their families. 
Funds, market value, rising $2(j,000. Annual meeting, 
third Tuesday of December. The society is in a flourish- 
ing condition, and gives relief to widows of ship-masters 
resident in this vicinity, amounting to about $1000 per 
annum. 

Jacob McLellan, President; Richard Crockett, Vice- 
President; Albert Marwick, Secretary and Treasurer. 

HOME FOR AGED WOMEN. 

Established in 1855. This beautiful " Home" is calcu- 
lated to accommodate twenty-five or thirty persons. It is 
situated on a spacious lot on the southwesterly side of 
Emery, near Danforth Street, being part of the old Gov- 
ernor Parris domain. Here among the shade-trees the 
beneficiaries may pass their declining years in peace, sur- 
rouuded with every comfort that heart can reasonably de- 
sire. The largc-heartedness that established this institution, 
and from year to year takes upon itself the responsibility of 
providing for its support, cannot be too highly commended. 

A heavy debt still draws largely upon the resources of 
the association, and we suggest that an institution such 
as this ought not to be thus burdened, and that well-to-do 
persons, making their wills, should bear it in mind, if no 
immediate steps are taken for its relief 

The officers for 1879 are Mrs. J. T. Oilman, President; 
Mrs. S. E. Spring, Mrs. Neal Dow, Vice-Presidents; Miss 
Lucinda Bancroft, Secretary ; Miss Julia Greeley, Treasurer. 

widows' wood society. 

Established in 1830. The object of this society is to 
furnish fuel, during the winter season, to destitute widows. 
It is liberally supported by annual contributions froiu the 
several religious societies in the city. The whole amount 
of these contributions for the last thirty-four years has 
been about $G9,000. 

At the annual meeting, second Wednesday in November, 
1878, the following officers were chosen : Thomas Cobb, 
President ; James II. Eaton, Vice - President ; Samuel 



Rolfe, Treasurer; H. C. Barnes, Auditor; M. P. Emery, 
First Parish; S. W. Larrabee, Second Parish; II. C. 
Barnes, Chestnut Street ; D. B. Ricker, First Baptist ; S. 
H. Cojesworthy, India Street; Ezra Drew, Congress Street; 
J. M. Lunt, St. Lawrence Street; J. W. York, St. Paul's; 
Patrick McGowan, Cathedral of Immaculate Conception ; 
Thomas Cobb, Casco Street ; L. B. Smith, Free Street ; 
George II. Cook, High Street ; Frank H. Colby, Plymouth ; 
John Barbour, Congress Square ; James II. Baker, Park 
Street; T. R. Hayes, State Street; J. II. Eaton, St. Ste- 
phen's; George E. B. Jack.son, St. Luke's Cathedral ; Geo. 

K. Cushman, Pine Street; , St. Dominic's; 

Joshua Hobbs, Williston ; G. B. Buzelle, West End ; John . 
Lidback, First Lutheran ; Braxton Parr, Abyssinian (col- 
ored) ; John Jones, Mountfort Street; Stephen K. Dyer, 
Advent; Rev. F. Southworth, Bethel Church; Rev. W. T. 
Phelan, Preble Chapel ; L. F. Pingrce, New Jeru.salcm, 
Directors. 

MARTHA WASHINGTON SOCIETY. 

Organized in 1840. During the year 1878 the society 
distributed to worthy and needy poor 088} yards of cotton 
cloth, 51 yards of cotton flannel, 73J yards of wool flannel, 
830 yards of prints, 126 yards of woolen dress goods, 26 
yards of cambric, 15 yards of silesia, 25 yards of alpaca, 72 
pairs of boots and shoes, 8 pairs of rubbers, 19 pairs of 
hose, 54 ready made new garments, 1574 second-hand gar- 
ments, 32 hats, 5 quilts, 4 comforters, 1 blanket, and 
$35.50 in money. 

Officers for 1879 : Jlrs. Benjamin Kingsbury, President ; 
Mrs. H. A. Humphrey, Vice-President; Mrs. O. W. Beale, 
Secretary ; Mrs. Dr. Moses Dodge, Treasurer ; 51 rs. Brackett, 
Hall, Additon, Green, Poor, Fuller, Blake, Beale, Cary, 
Rumery, Fessenden, Scamman, Hopkins, Young, and Pierce, 
and Miss Trickcy, Visiting Committee. 

SAMARITAN ASSOCIATION. 

Founded in 1828. It has continued to dispense its 
bounties without intermission since to the poor of all de- 
nominations in the bestowal of clothing, food, and money, 
and in a quiet way has been of great service to the com- 
munity. 

By the secretary's report we find that during the year 
there have been distributed 496 yards of print, 390 yards 
of cotton cloth, 57 yards of flannel, 150 yards of dress 
goods, 131 yards of lining, 94 pairs of boots, shoes, and 
rubbers, 1025 new and second-hand garments, 10 hats, 
2 shawls, 14 sheets, 22 pillow-slips, 8 comforters, 6 blankets, 
7 quilts, 3 mattresses, 20 chairs, and 2 bedsteads. 

The following officers were elected for the year 1879: 
Mrs. Henry Taylor, President; Mrs. C. Ilolden, Vice- 
President ; Mrs. W. W. Virgin, Secretary ; Mrs. C. M. 
Plummcr, Trea.surer. 

lUISH-AMEllICAN RELIEF ASSOCIATION. 

Organized under the incorporation act in 1803. This is 
a mutual-benefit institution, the members paying an initiation 
fee of $5, and a monthly assessment of 25 cents each, and 
receiving a benefit of $3 per week during sickness ; while 
at death their wives, or next of kin, are entitled to a fu- 
neral benefit of $50. 




l'li..t.i. hy CuriiUit, ruilliiii.l 




George Burnham, Jr., eldest sou of George 
and Margaret (Burr) Burnham, was born in Port- 
land, Jan. 31, 1831. His boyhood was spent at 
home, wiiere he attended the city schools until the 
age of fourteen, when he went to work for George 
F. Lewis, who was the pioneer in Portland in pack- 
ing hermetical sealed goods; here he remained six 
years, and became well acquainted with the busi- 
ness tliat he has subsequently so fully devclnped, 
and made for himself a profitable operation. 

In 1851 he engaged for one year with Samuel 
Rumery, and in March, 1852, formed a copaituer- 
ship with that gentleman (Rumery & Burnham), 
and continued in the packing business until January, 
1867, wiien the partnership was dissolved, and he 
associated with him in the same business Mr. Mor- 
rill (Burnham & Morrill), which firm continues in 
187!). 

Mr. Burnham has been continnonslv engaged in 



this business since 1845, which although commenced 
in a small way, and consequently a light demand, 
now reaches to all parts of the liabitablc globe and 
is no unimportant interest in the business and trade 
of Portland. Vegetables and meats of all kinds in 
tills way are ship[)ed to foreign markets in a state 
of perfect preservation. Corn nicely canned be- 
comes a favorite dish for the foreigner, and lobsters 
common to our coast, are rare, yet very palatable to 
otiicr nations. He first began business on Burn- 
iiam's wharf, and in 1862 erected the commodious 
brick building on New Franklin Street, where he 
has since been in business. 

Mr. Burnham is a memlicr of the Republican 
partv; but strictly devoted to his business, he has 
never sought any public notoriety, lie married, in 
1854, Annie W. Simonton; she died in 1865. In 
June, 18G8, he married Abbie 11., a sister of his 
lirst wile. 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



The following constitute the Board of Officers for the 
year 1879: James Connelian, President; Fnrnlc W. Cun- 
ningliaui, Vice-President; Tiiomas J. Welch, Kecordin- 
Secretary; T. H. Gately. Corresponding Secietary ; Jan.es 
O'Neil, Book-Keeper; James Tobin, Assistant Book- 
Keeper; James Qiiinn, Treasurer; Wm. II. Somers, 
Jolm Davis, John Ileardon, J. O'Biien, T. MeGowan,' 
T. F. Lynch, Dennis McCarthy, Trustees; P. E. Deehan^ 
John J. Lappin, T. F. Donahue, B. Wren, Henry Welcii,' 
Investigating Committee; T. P. McGowan, Librarian; P.' 
B. Huglies, Assistant Librarian. 

THE PORTLAND SEAJIEN's FRIEND SOCIETY 

was formed in 18G5, in the interest of seamen at this port. 
Incorporated in 187G. 

Capt. Wasliington Ryan, President; Rev. Francis South- 
worth, Secretary; John M. Gould, Treasurer. 

The Bethel Church is under the direction of this society. 
During the last seven years it has prepared and placed on 
shipboard 254 libraries, containing over 5000 volumes. 
These libraries have gone aboard vessels hailing from ports 
all along shore from Nova Scotia to Wilmington, Del., 
though chiefly from our own marine ports. 

Some 1500 packages of papers, magazines, etc., have 
been placed on shipboard during the year. 

The Seamen's reading-room is still kept open at the 
Bethel. 

FEMALE ORPHAN ASYLUM. 

The asylum is a three-story building. State Street, corner 
of Danforth, under the supervision of a Board of Mana- 
gers, consisting of 15 ladies, beside the officers. 

In their semi-centennial report last October, the manairers 
say,— 

" We rejoice to-day in the semi-centennial birthday of our Orph.an 
Asylum for girls. With friends and means inercasing, with no marks 
of decay, but stronger and healthier than ever, we ofler up our hearty 
thanksgivings to Ilim who has so blessed us. Not only to the father- 
less, but even to more forlorn children of misery has it proved a 
home. It has brought them into a wholesome atmosphere, and given 
to each poor child an outlook into a life of decency and respootablTity." 

During the year ending in October, 1878, G girls wore 
received into the asylum, and 10 sent out. The present 
number of beneficiaries is 3-1. 

The Board of Managers for the year 1879 is as follows: 
Mrs. Sarah S. S. McCobb, President; Mrs. Sophia L. 
Mathews, Vice-President; MLss Abby S. Barrett, Secre- 
tary; Miss Mary E. Barrett, Treasurer; Mrs. Elizabeth 
K. Cross, Miss Abby S. Barrett, Mrs. Hannah V. Donnell, 
committee on receiving and placing out children ; Mrs. 
Ann M. Brown, Mrs. Elizabeth K. Cross, Mrs. S. B. Far- 
mer, Mrs. Julia St. F. Thorn, Sirs. Maria A. Jose, Mrs. 
H. V. Donnell, Miss Mary J. E. Ciapp, Mrs. Elizabeth W. 
G. Thomas, Mrs. Sarah W. Burgin, Mrs. Alba S. Burr, 
Mrs. Ellen W. Dana, Mrs. Hetty P. Baxter, Sirs. Maria 
J. Nash, Miss Abby A. Steele, Mrs. Miranda S. Plummer. 

GRAND ARMY OP THE REPUBLIC. 

The Grand Army of the Republic is composed of the 
honorably discharged soldiers and sailors of the United 
States army and navy. They number more than 4000 



posts 22 of winch are in the State of Maine. The objects 
of the a.ssoc,afon are to preserve and strengthen those 
Ira ernal feehngs which bound together the soldiers, .sailo.^ 
and maruicswho united to suppress the great Rebellion- to 
protect and assist such as have been disabled either by 
wounds, old age, sickness, or nnsfortune; to assist the 
widows of those who fell in battle, and to support, care 
tor, and educate their children. 

B,moor,h Post, No. 2, whose headquarters are at Me- 
chanics' Hall, in this city, meets Friday evenings. Officers 
for the year 1879: Whitn.an Sawyer, Post Commander- 
Jolin G.Fitzgerald, Senior Vice-Commander; Charles H 
Mitchell, Junior Vice-Commander; A. H. Purin-ton Quar- 
termaster; C. C. Chase, Officer of the Day; H.S° Thrasher 
Officer of the Guard; A. A. Nickcrson, Chaplain; Isaac 
^^. Starbird. Surgeon; John Yeaton, Jr., Trustee for one 
year; John B. Pike, Trustee for two years; A. A. Nick- 
crson, Trustee for three years. 

BOSWORTH RELIEF CORPS. 
Organized June, 18G9. Composed of the mothers, 
wives, sisters, and daughters of soldiers. Their object is 
to protect and assist the widows and children of those who 
fell defending the Union, and assist Bosworth Post in tlieir 
work of charily. Meets at G. A. R. Hall every Friday 
afternoon. Mrs. A. M. Sawyer, President; Mrs. J. B. 
Allen, Secretary. 

PORTLAND SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY 
TO ANIiMALS. 

The name of this corporation, and its zeal, sufficiently 
indicate its objects. It was organized in May, 1872, and 
has accomplished much towards remedying evils that had 
too long been allowed to pass without the interposition of 
the humane. 

The report of the efficient agent, Mr. A. M. Sawyer, for 
the year ending April 5, 1878, shows that the number of 
complaints made were 221 ; number of cases investigated, 
not on complaint, 151. Total, 372. The cases are classed 
as follows : horses overdriven, 5 ; overloaded, 75 ; starvin" 
or neglected, 35 ; glandered, 1 ; left exposed on the street" 
10; working old, lame, and disabled, 50. Cattle starving, 
2 ; cruelly exposed, 1 3 ; cruelly beaten or abused, 1. Dogs 
fighting, 1. Fowls cruelly cooped, 5 ; fighting, 1 ; cruelly 
tying, carrying, or abused, 6. Calves, cruelly tying, carry- 
ing, or abused, 4. 

The following summary exhibits the agent's action on the 
above complaints and others: Offenders not found, 15; ex- 
aggerated or malicious complaints, 62; warnings issued, 
119; corrected on notice, 140; horses mercifully killed, 
31 ; glandered horses killed, 1 ; pro.secuted, 2 ; convic- 
tions, 2. 

The agent says, — 

"The number of complaints has diminished very much the past 
yenr. To mc this is an evidence that the public arc being educated 
to the importance and value of exercising care in the treatment of 
animals under their charge. The knowledge that the society is en- 
gaged in its daily rounds of duty, watching tlie various places where 
cruelly is most likely to be practiced, has manifestly had its effect." 

Officers for the year 1879 : Nathan Cleaves, President ; 
Miss 0. Carroll, Secretary and Treasurer; Artliur M. Saw- 



200 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



yer, No. -4(1 Free Street, Asrent, to wIkhu all cases of eruolty 
should be reported. 

AGKD nROT[IF.ItnOOD. 

Incorporated in 18G9. Tliis assoeiation lias accumulated 
a fund of about $2000. Persons must be of tlie age of 
sixty-five or upwards to become members, and each is sub- 
ject to an assessment of $1 per year. 

The principal of its fund must remain intact ; the income 
therefrom only to be distributed among those unfortunate 
members who may become, from accident, disease or losses, 
objects of assistance, in furnishing them (so far as the means 
of the brotherhood will permit) all the accustomed comforts 
of their better days, to be by them enjoyed in their family 
circle. lu cases where a brother is left alone, the board of 
managers may provide lodging or board, or both, for him, 
in the family of some connection or friend selected by such 
individual. 

On the decease of an unfortunate brother, leaving a 
widow, or a widow and child, or children, the board of man- 
agers may allow such widow, or widow and child, or chil- 
dren, such a monthly sum as tliey may judge proper and 
necessary. 

Its membership numbers over 200. Officers elected Aug. 
31, 1878: John Mussey, President ; Edward Waite, Ward 
1 ; Samuel H. Colesworthy, Ward 2 ; Robert Dresser, Ward 
3 ; John B. Hudson, Ward i ; Thos. Cobb, Ward 5 ; E. 
C. Andrews, Ward 6 ; Jefferson Coolidge, Ward 7, Vice- 
Presidents ; Edward Gould, Treasurer ; Harris C. Barnes, 
Secretary ; Joseph R. Thompson, William D. Little, Audi- 
tors. The above officers compose the board of managers. 

YOUNG men's christian ASSOCIATION. 

Organized 1853. Incorporated 1860. Object, spiritual, 
mental, and moral improvement of its members, and all others 
over whom it may exert an influence by means of religious 
meetings, Sunday-schools, social gatherings, reading-room, 
lectures, library, and the press. 

Free reading-room and library, also hall and lecture-room, 
484] Congress Street. 

Officers for 1878-79 : Thos. L. Hierlihy, President; W. 
II. Hobbs, Recording Secretary. 

Regular monthly meeting, second Monday in each month. 

FEMALE CHARITABLE SOCIETY. 

Formed iu 1812. Incorporated in 1825. The object of 
the society is to supply the poor, especially the aged and 
children, with comfortable and decent clothing. Meeting 
of managers once in two weeks in the winter. 

Miss A. L. Lord, Secretary and Treasurer. 

PORTLAND ARMY AND NAVY UNION. 

Organized in 1866. Headquarters corner Congress and 
Brown Streets, called Army and Navy Union Hall. The 
soldiers and sailors, resident of Portland and vicinity, actu- 
ated by a desire to make perpetual the fraternal associations 
of the late war for the Union, and to provide for those of 
their number who may at any time need a.ssistance and sup- 
port, form this Union. 

A valuable military library and reading-room is connected 
with their headiiuarters. 



The uniform of the association consists of dark coats and 
pants, chapeau with white and blue plumes, dre.ss-sword, 
and buckskin gauntlet gloves. 

Officers for 1879 : Geo. E. Brown, President ; Wm. E. 
Simmons, R. B. Swift, Win. 0. Fox, Vice-Presidents; Geo. 
P. Sherwood, Secretary ; Thomas J. Little, Treasurer. 

ODD-FELLOWS. 

This order has largely increased in numbers and become 
very prosperous in the last few years. Three new bodies, 
viz. : the Fubnoiith Encampment, Unit!/ Lodge, No. 3, and 
Harmony Lodge, No. 19, have been instituted since Jan. 
1, 1877. 

The reports of the subordinate lodges of Portland, made 
up to the first part of January, 1879, showed the following 
condition of the order : 

At the present time there are eleven organizations of the 
Independent Order of Odd-Fellows in the city, all of which 
have their headquarters at Odd-Fellows' Hall, No. 439 
Congress Street, viz. : Maine Lodge, No. 1 ; Unity Lodge, 
No. 3 ; Ancient Brothers Lodge, No. 4 ; Ligonia Lodge, 
No. 5 ; Harmony Lodge, No. 19 ; Beacon Lodge, No. ()7 ; 
Ivy Lodge, Daughters of Rehekah, No. 5; Mnchigonne 
Encampment, No. 1 ; Eastern Star Encampment. No. 2 ; 
Falmouth Encampment, No. 11 ; Portland Encampment, 
No. 19. 

Harmony Lodge, No. 19, was instituted Jlarch 15, 1879, 
with a membership of 109, — 106 of whom were from An- 
cient Brothers Lodge. For the nucleus of a fund they 
assessed themselves $10 each. 

In January, 1879, Maine Lodge reported 504 members, 
and an invested fund, par value, of §19,065.42. Meets 
every Monday evening. 

Ancient Brothers Lodge, 780 members ; reduced subse- 
quently by cards of clearance to those who joined Harmony 
Lodge, No. 19, to 674, and fund, par value, of §18,751.70. 
Meets every Thursday evening. 

Ligonia Lodge, obi members, and fund, market value, of 
$25,066.88. Meets every Friday evening. 

Beacon Lodge, 274 members, and fund $11,671.78. 
Meets every Tuesday evening. 

Unity Lodge, No. 3, number of members 253 ; invested 
fund of $10,539.45. Meets every Wednesday evening. 

Ivy Lodge. Meets second and fourth Saturday evenings 
in each month. 

The total receipts of the five lodges for the year ending 
with December, 1878, were $16,02(1.29. 

The whole amount paid out for benefits to sick brothers, 
etc., by the four lodges for the year ending Dec. 31, 1878, 
was $16,701.02. 

The returns up to Dec. 31, 1878, give Machigonne En- 
campment, 498 members ; invested fund, $8949.82. 

Eastern Star, 488 members; invested fund, $11,524.86. 

Portland, 196 members; invested fund, $3515.18. 

Falmonth, 121 members; invested fund, $1841.20. 

The four encampments paid out for relief during the year 
1878, $6420. 

The order in this city have recently fitted up an elegant 
hall in the Farringtou Block, Congress Street, at an expense 
of about $2(1,000, where all their meetings are held. 




Photo, by Lantson, Portland. 




Georoe S. Hunt, only son of Fiedoiick E. and Eliza 
R. (Smith) Hunt, was born in Derry, N. H., Feb. 8, 1829. 
His father was a native of Northfield, Mass., spent most of 
his life as a merchant in New Hampshire and Massachu- 
setts, and died in 1840, aged thirty-eight. 

His mother was a daughter of Capt. Nathaniel Smith, 
of Gloucester, Mass., who was an East India shipmaster. 
She died in 1840, aged thirty-eight. Their children are Ann 
E. (deceased), George S., Abigail Smith (deceased), and 
Susan E., wife of Albert H. Breed, of Lynn, Mass. 

One year prior to his father and mother's death George 
S. came to Portland to spend the winter with a relative, 
William Allen, and on account of the loss of his parents, 
and consequently his home, he remained an adopted and 
accepted member of the Allen family for twenty-one years. 
Until the age of eighteen he attended the grammar and 
high schools of Portland, at which time, unaided pecuniarily, 
he started out for himself. For five years he was a clerk 
in a jobbing fruit store. In 1853 he became a clerk for 
P. F. Varnum, a jobber of flour and grain ; here he re- 
mained for four years. In 1857 he spent two months on 
the Island of Cuba, during which time he formed a large 
business acquaintance, and while there entered into arrange- 
ments with several Cuban merchants to export various 
American products. In May he returned with a large 
importation of cigars, and thereby made his trip a profitable 
one and of future interest. He at once opened an office 
on Commercial Street (which he still retains) and com- 
menced a trade with Cuba, exporting lumber and general 
merchandise, and receiving sugar and molasses. In that 
year a heavy financial crisis came upon business men in 
this country ; yet so well were his plans laid, and such was 



his judicious management, that his first year's extensive 
business was carried through safely, but with little profit. 
A second and third visit to Cuba, in 1859-00, gave him 
increased opportunities for an extensive business which he 
still continues, and ranks him among the most enterprising, 
active, and successful business men of Portland. In 1859 
he first interested himself in shipping, and has now interests 
in a large number of vessels that belong to the district of 
Portland. 

In 1874 he associated with him in business Joseph P. 
Thompson and Frederick E. Allen, formerly clerks, and 
has since done business under the firm-name of George S. 
Hunt & Co. Mr. Hunt is connected with and interested 
in many local enterprises, and has ever been prompt to 
lender his aid and counsel in their management. He has 
been a director of the Merchants' National Bank for four- 
teen years, and succeeded the late Rufus E. Wood as its 
vice-president, and also succeeded the same gentleman as 
president of the Central Wharf Corporation. He has been 
the commercial agent of the Eagle Sugar Refinery of Port- 
land since 1871, and was one of the original stockholders 
of the Forest City Sugar Refinery, succeeding T. C. Hersey, 
in 1875, as treasurer and business manager. He is also 
one of the pioneers in the beet-sugar enterprise, being the 
president of the company. Mr. Hunt has devoted his 
life wholly to business, and, although interested in appro- 
priate local and State legislation, has never sought any 
political preferment. 

Sept. 22, 18t)3, he married Augusta, youngest daughter 
of the late George S. Barstow, a well-known and prom- 
inent resident of Portland for many years. Their children 
are Arthur Kinsman and Philip Barstow. 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



201 



ODD-FELLOWS MUTUAL RELIEF ASSOCIATION. 

This association, formed Feb. 24, 1868, is composed of 
members of tlie order ; it is, to all purposes, a life insur- 
ance company. Each person, on joining, pays $2 to $4, 
according to his age, towards a general fund. Upon the 
death of a member, the sum of $1500 is paid to his wife 
or family, and the members are assessed $1 each (in addi- 
tion to ten cents each for expenses). 

Amount paid to families of deceased members since its 
organization, $98,G61. Number of members at its recent 
annual meeting, 1506. 

ODD-FELLOWs' MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION. 

This institution is governed by the same general prin- 
ciples as the preceding, the which it was intended to relieve 
from too large a membership, as well as to give such mem- 
bers of the order as desired an opportunity of doubling their 
insurance. It was incorporated and organized Feb. 22, 
1875, when upwards of 60 persons were enrolled on its mem- 
bership list. The number of members at present is 235. 

Besides the two associations belonging to Portland, al- 
luded to, there is a State institution, called the Odd-Fellows' 
Mutual Relief Association of Maine, whose general policy 
is the same as the local ones. It numbers over 2600 mem- 
bers. 

MASONIC INSTITUTIONS. 

ANCIENT CRAFT MASONRY. 

Place of meeting, hall No. 85 Exchange Street. The 
several bodies of this order which hold their meetings in 
the city are, — 

Ancient Landmark Lodge, which meets first Wednesday 
in each month. 

Portland Lodge, meets second Wednesday in each month. 

Atlantic Lodge, meets third Wednesday in each month. 

Greenleaf R. A. Chapter, meets first Monday in each 
month. 

Mount Vernon R. A. Chapter, meets third Monday in 
each month. 

Jliram Lodge, No. 180, meets in Cape Elizabeth Masonic 
Hall, Town-House, on or next before every full moon. 

Council of Royal and Select Masters, meets second 
Monday in each month. 

Portland Commandery, meets fourth Monday in each 
month. 

St. Allan Commandery, meets second Thursday of each 
month. 

Blanquefort Commandery, meets third Thursday in each 
month. 

Grand Lodge, meets first Tuesday in May. 

Grand Chapter, meets first Tuesday evening in May. 

Grand Council, meets Wednesday succeeding first Tues- 
day in May, at two o'clock p.m. 

Grand Commandery, meets Wednesday evening suc- 
ceeding first Tuesday in May. 

ANCIENT ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE. 

Yates Grand Lodge of Perfection, meets first Friday in 
each month. 

Portland Council, P. of J., meets second Friday in each 
month. 

26 



Dunlap Chapter, Rose Croix de II., meets third Friday 
in each month. 

Maine Consistory, S. P. R. S., meets fourth Friday in 
March, June, September, and December. 

Warren Phillips, Superintendent of Ma.sonic Hall, at hall 
two to three p.m. daily. Ira Berry, Grand Secretary Grand 
Lodge, Grand Chapter, Grand Commandery, and Grand 
Council, office. No. 13 Fluent Block, up-stairs. 

Connected with the order is a relief association, similar in 
its organization and objects to those of the Odd-Fellows, 
the chief difference being that its funds are raised by an- 
nual assessments in addition to the death assessment of 
81.10. At the annual meeting it numbered 648 members. 

KNIGHTS OP PYTHIAS. 

This is a beneficiary organization (in some respects simi- 
lar to that of the Odd-Fellows) which originated at Wash- 
ington in 1864. 

There are three lodges in the city, meeting at Pythian 
Castle, 457 J Congress Street (8 Clapp's Block), viz.: 

Bramhall Lodge, No. 3, every Thursday evening. 

Munjoy Lodge, No. 6, every Monday evening. 

Pine- Tree Lodge, No. 11, every Friday evening. 

Connected with the organization, a relief association, 
somewhat similar to those of the Odd-Fellows and Masons, 
is named Maine Pythian Relief Association, and includes 
the whole State in its workings. 

PATRIOTIC ORDER SONS OP AMERICA. 

There are three bodies of this order, called Washington 
Camps, numbered from one to three inclusive, which meet 
in the city and vicinity. No. 1, at hall of the institu- 
tion, Plum Street, over Eastern Express, on Tuesday even- 
ings ; No. 2, at school-house. Turner Island, Cape Eliza- 
beth, Friday evenings ; No. 3, at hall, Plum Street, on 
Monday evenings. Members are entitled to weeklj' benefits 
during sickness or inability to attend to business. 

Connected with the order is a mutual relief society, 
based on similar principles to those of the Odd-Fellows. 

citizens' MUTUAL RELIEF ASSOCIATION. 

At the meeting in January, 1879, the total membership 
was 694. Eight members died during the year, on whose 
account the aggregate sum of $5789 was paid out. The 
fund on hand was $2624.05. 

The officers for the year 1879 are Charles Morse, M.D., 
President ; Benjamin Kingsbury, Vice-President ; M. N. 
Rich, Secretary ; Dan Carpenter, Treasurer ; C. W. Belk- 
nap, Edmund Dana, Jr., George A. Harmon, Joshua Morse, 
and N. B. Noble, Directors. 

SOVEREIGNS OF INDUSTRY. 
The object of this organization is by combination to 
procure the necessaries of life at wholesale prices, as well 
as to educate the masses to a higher knowledge of political 
economy. 

TEMPERANCE ORGANIZATIONS. 
SONS OP TEMPERANCE. 

Portland Division, No. 95, meets every Friday eveniDg, 
at 565 i Congress Street. 



202 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Forest City Temple of ITonnr, No. 1 , meets every 
Wednesday evening at hall, 100 Exchanirc Street. 

Maine Council, No. 2, moots at hall, 100 Exchange 
Street, third Monday of each month. 

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMTLAR-S. 

Arcana Lodi/e, No. 1, meets Monday evenings, at Con- 
gress Hall, No. 418 Congress Street. 

Mi/.s/ic, No. 2, meets Thursday evenings, at Temperance 
Hall, 505 Congress Street. 

Mis.iion, No. 41, meets Wcdncj^day evenings, at Preble 
Chapel. 

Catholic Tempcraiice Society meets at Kavanagh Scliool 
Hail, first Monday in every month, llev. D. JI. Bradley, 
Director. 

PortliDiil Temperance Union, II. II. Blurphy, I'rosidcnt, 
meets at Congress Hall, 418 Congress Street. 

The Reform Clnb has daily meetings at room, corner 
Congress and Temple Streets ; rooms open from six o'clock 
A.M. to ten P.M. Business meeting every Tuesday even- 
ing. 

Calliolic Temperance Cadets meets at Kavanagh School 
Hall, every Monday evening. 

Women's Temperance Society meets at Young IVIen's 
Christian Association Rooms, second Saturday afternoon of 
each month. 

RAILltOADS. 

The lines of railroad connected with the business and 
travel of this city are as follows : 

GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY. 

This road connects Portland with the principal cities and 
towns of Canada, and with Detroit, Mich., and the vast 
grain-growing regions of the West. 

The road was opened to Montreal July 18, 1853, and to 
Quebec, Nov. 22, 1854. The portion from Portland to 
Island Pond is permanently leased to the Grand Trunk 
Railway of Canada, and is now known as the Portland 
District of the Grand Trunk Railway. The whole road is 
built at an elevation sufficient to prevent obstruction from 
snow and ice, and the road-bed is made with a view to a 
double track. 



ST.tTIO.VS — MILES FROM rOUTI.AND. 



Falmouth i\ 

Cumbcrliind »l 

Yariiu.iilh Hi 

Yarnioutli Jun.^tiun 124 

North Yurinouth loj 

Pnivnal ISi 

Now lilouccster 22| 

Danville .Junction 27 

Hotel Koad 28J 

Enii.iie Uoad 32 

Mechanic Falls 36i 

Oxford 40i 



South Paris 

West Paris 

Bryant's Pond 

Loelie's Mills 

Bethel 

West Bethel 

Gilcnd 

Shellnirne, N. H 

Gorham, N. H 

Island Pond, Vt 1 

Montreal, Canada 2 



70J 



nO.STON AND MAINE llAILUOAD. 

During the years 1872-73 this road was extended from 
its former junction with the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth 
Railroad, at South Berwick, to Portland, and the cars com- 
menced running over the entire road on the 17th of March, 
1873. 



STATIONS — MILKS 

liigonia 1 

Soarbnrough OV 

Blue Point !i{ 

Old Orehnrd Hi 

Hi.CO I/,J 

Biddelord Ifii 

Kenneliunk 2.iJ 

Wells -.w'k 

North Berwick S7S 

.Salmon Falls 44 

Kolliiisford 4o 

South Berwick Junction.... 4fii 

Great Falls 47* 

Dover 4S 

Madbury 5U 

Durhiini Mi 

Bcnnitt Koad ;>bh 

Newmarket 58 

."^ouih New in ark* t June; ion. ."i^lj 

South Newmarket fidj 



FROM I'ORTLANI). 

Ea.H Kingston fi9j 

Newton Junction 744 

Plaistow 78 

Atkinson 783 

Haverhill S21 

Bradford 82i 

North Andovcr 874 

South Lawrence 894 

North Lawrence 9('J 

Andover 924 

Ballardvale 9.i 

Wilmington Junction 97* 

Reading lO.^I 

Wakefield 10.54 

Wakelield Junction 106 

Melrose 108* 

Maiden 110} 

Mcdford Junction 112 

Medford 113} 

Somerville II?,? 

Boston 11J4 



MAINE CENTRAL RAILROAD. 

I'ORTLAND, WATERVILLE AND BANGOR LINE. 

(Formerly Androscoggin and Kennebec, and Penobscot 
and Kennebec, and Portland and Kennebec Railroads.) 

George E. B. Jackson, President; Payson Tucker, Super- 
intendent and General Agent at Portland. 

STATIONS MILES FROM PORTLAND. 



Tu Ila,Hj,n-v!a SniuHltlch- toid 
Attijiifita. 

Woodford's Corner 3 

Westbrook 4 

Falmouth 8 

Cumberland 11 

Yarmouth 15 

Freejiort 25 

Oak Hill 25 

Brunswick 29 

Topsham 30 

Bowdoinh.aiu 37 

Harward's Road 41 

Bichniond 45 

Camp Grountl 4S 

South Gardiner 52 

Gardiner 56 

H.allowell 60 

Augusta 62 

Riverside 70 

Vassalborough 74 

Winslow 80 

Wiitervillo 81 

Benton 84 

Clinton 90 

Burnham 95 

Pittsfield 102 

Detroit 106 

Newport 109 

East Newport 112 

Etna 118 

Carmel 122 

Hermon Pond 126 

Ilermon Centre 130 

Bangor 136 

To liutigar till IhiurHlc Jiuicllon 
and LewiHtuH. 

Woodford's Corner 3 

Westbrook 4 

Falmouth Centre S 

Cumberland 11 

Walnut Hill 14 

Gray 20 

New Gloucester 24 

Danville Junction 29 

Auburn 35 

Lenislon 3C 



Gr 



43 



Leeil's Junction 4B 

Monmouth 50 

Winthrop 55 

Rcadtield 01 

Belgrade C'.l 



North Belgrade 74 

West Walervillc 78 

AVatcrville 84 

Benton 87 

Clinton 93 

Burnham 98 

Pittsfield 105 

Detroit 109 

Newport 112 

East Newport 115 

Etna 121 

Carmel 123 

Hermon Pond 129 

Hermon Centre 133 

Bangor 139 

WnteriHlc li, S/coirhti/ini. 

Watervillc SI 

Fairfield 84 

Somerset Mills 87 

Pishon's Ferry 92 

Skowhegan 100 



Bimihnm to Bd/ii»l. 

Burnham 94 

Unity 102 

Thornaike 106 

Brooks 116 

City Point iL'fi 

Belfast 128 



Iliilh, Lein-ili.,,, „„d Fiirmhiijli.u, 
from J'nrllinid. 

Bath 3S 

Lisbon Falls 37 

Lisbon 40 

Crowley's 43 

Ijcwiston 48 

Sabattisvillo 48 

Leed's Junction 55 

Curtis Corner 59 

Leed's Centre 62 

North Leeds 115 

Strickland's Ferry 67 

East Livermore 70 

Livermore Falls 75 

Jay Bridge 77 

North Jay 81 

Wilton 85 

East Wilton 87 

West Farmington -'I 

Farmington 92 



;^ 




Photo, by Lamaon, Portland. 



A^ JC^^^<-^ 



His grandfather, Martin Jose, was of Scottish de- 
scent, and one of tiie early settlers of Scarborough. 
He reared a family of four sons and two daughters, 
was a farmer by occupation, and died in that town 
at an advanced age. 

His father, Alexander, was born in the town of 
Scarborough. He married. May 14, 1807, Sally, 
daughter of Thomas Emery, of Buxton, York Co., 
where he lived the greater part of his business life. 
He was a man of a quiet turn of mind, of indus- 
trious and correct habits; never sought publicity in 
any way, but was an agriculturist. He removed to 
Guildhall, Vt., in 1845, where he died at tlie age 
of eighty-eight. His wife died in- Buxton, March 
11, 1833. Their children were three sons and four 
daughters, of whom Horatio N. Jose was fiftli child, 
born in the town of Buxton, Marcli 18, 1819. 

His boyhood was spent at home with the ordinary 
advantages for obtainingan education. Without pecun- 
iary assistance and unaided, at the age of fourteen, he 
came to Portland, where until he reached his majority 
he was a clerk in a dry goods and carpet house. 

On March 21, 1840, he entered into j)artnership 
with Joseph Poor, under the firm-name of " Poor & 
Jose." This firm carried on the dry goods and car- 
pet business for twenty years, and by their persever- 
ance and judicious management took rank among 
the first merchants in the city of Portland. Upon 
the dissolution of the partnership, in 1860, Mr. Jose 
disposed of his interest in the business and turned 
his attention to real-estate operations, railroading, 
and manufacturing. The same year, in conjunction 
with the late Judge Shepley, he built the Preble 
House, now sbinding on the corner of Congress and 
Preble Streets, and subsequently he built the "Print- 



ers' Exchange," Centennial Block, and Jose Block, 
which are among the most substantial buildings in 
the city. 

Soon after retiring from the mercantile business 
he became a director in the Portland and Kennebec, 
and Maine Central Railways, and held these interests 
for some eight years. He was one of the organizers 
of the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad in 1870, 
was for some time treasurer, and is still a director of 
the road. 

He was one of the founders of the Maine General 
Hospital, and has since remained one of its directors. 
For many j'ears he has been a director of the Cum- 
berland National Bank, and in 1877 was elected its 
president. He was treasurer of the Portland Kero- 
sene Oil Company for fifteen years, and has been its 
president since May, 1879 ; a director of the Att- 
wood Lead Company since its organization, and is 
now its president; a director in tiie Portland Dry- 
Dock Company; a director in the Portland Water 
Company; and is manager and treasurer of the Bart- 
lett Land and Lumber Company, organizetl in 1873. 
For over forty years jNIr. Jose has been one of the 
most active business men of Portland. He has been 
interested in the prosperity of tiie city and in the 
welfare of its citizens, and a supporter of all enter- 
prises tending to benefit society. He has never been 
solicitous of political or sectional preferment, and 
has never accepted any office except as one of the 
Building Loan Commissioners of the city, which 
place lie has honored for many years. 

He married, Aug. 30, 1843, Nancy B., daughter 
of Thoma.s Hooper, of Ciiarlestown, Mass. Their 
children living arc two daughters, — Helen N. and 
Jessie H. 



CITr OF PORTLAND. 



PORTLAND AND OGDENSBURQ RAILROAD. 

This line of railroad extends from Portland, by the way 
of Sebago Lake and the valley of tiie Saco River, through 
the notch of tlie White Mountains, thence via St. Johns- 
bury, Vt , through the Lamoille and Missisquoi Valleys, to 
the foot of Lake Champlain. The object is to obtain a 
shorter route than any now existing to Ogdensburg, and 
thence to the great West. Samuel J. Anderson, President. 
Jonas Hamilton, Superintendent. 



STATIOSS — -MILES FROM 



Stroudvvater 2i 

AVeslbrook 5 

Mallisun Falls 10 

South Windham 11 



Gil 



12 



White Rock. LSV 

SeliagoLiike HIJ 

Riehviile 2()i 

Steep Fiills 2-H 

East Baldwin 26^ 

Baldwin 29 

Ossipee 3IJ 

West Baldwin 3.il 

Hiram Bridge 37 

Brownfield 43 

Fryeburg 41* 

North Conway 60 

Intervale 03 

Glen Station Ofi 

Vpper Bartlett 72 

Beniis 7S 

Crawford's S7 

Fabyan's HI 



Twin Mountain, 15. C flo 

Bethlehem and iM. Viv I 111 

Wing Road lOi 

Whitefield 10!) 

Scotfs Mill.s 112 

Lunenburg, Vl. l>iv 114 

East Concord 118 

Miles' Pond 121 

North Concord 124 

West Concord 12S 

Eiist St. Johnsbury 132 

St. Johnsbury Kit) 



ille, 
WcstDunvi 
AValden .... 
Greensboroi 
East llard\ 
Ilardwick ., 



lis 

lol 



Wolcott 17 



Hyde Park 18U 

Johnson l'J3 



EASTERN RAILROAD. 



STATIONS — Mll.nS FItOM POUTL.' 



Capo Elizabeth 2 

Scarborough 5 

West Scarborough 6 

Saco 13V 

Biddeford 15 

Kennebuuk 23 

Wells 28 

North Berwick 34 

South Berivick Junction 38 

Conway Junction 41 

Eliot 45 

Kittery 50 V 

Portsmouth 52 

Greenland 57 

North Hampton 59 

Hampton 62 

Hampton Falls 65 



Seabrook 

Salisbury 

Ncwburyport . 
Rowley 

Ip-^»i''l' 

Weiib.im 

North Beverly 



Salem 

Swampscott., 

Lynn 

West Lynn... 

Revere 

Chelsea 

Everelt 

Sonierville... 
Boston 



PORTLAND AND ROCHESTER RAILROAD. 
This road connects Portland with Rochester, N. H. 
Thence by the way of Nashua it connects by lines of rail- 
way with Worcester, Mass., and thence with New York, — 
thus saving many miles of travel between Portland and the 
great metropolis. At Rochester the road connects with the 
Dover and Winnipiseogee Railroad, running to Alton Bay, 
and in summer the trains are so arranged, on several days 
of each week, that passengers may leave Portland in tiie 
morning, reach Alton Bay, and on the fine steamers on 
Winnipiseogee pass over the whole length of the lake to 
Centre Harbor and return, so as to get back to Portland in 
the evening of the same day. Winnipiseogee Lake has no 
rival, as regards fine scenery, in this country. 



-MII.F.S FROM I'OKTl.. 



Morrill's 



Cumberland Mills 

Saccarappa 6 

Gorham 10 

Buxton Centre 15 

Saco River It; 

Centre Walerburougb 25 



2\ South Walcrborough.. 



ale.... 



East Lebanon 43 

East Rochester 49 

Rochister 52 

Gonic 54 

Barriugton 59 







Epning 




Frcemont 




Sandown 




llanipstcad 




Windham 




West Windham 




Hudson 




Nashua 

Hollis 


101 


Pepperell 


Ill 



203 



Groton Centre 1 16 

-Iyer Junction 1 1'J 

Harvard 122 

Still River 121 

Lancaster 128 

South Lancaster 129 

Clinton 130 

Sterling Junction 135 

Oakdalo 137 

West Boyl.-ton I3S 

Worcester 117 



PORTLAND RAILROAD. 
A company for the purpose of establishing a horse rail- 
road in the city and vicinity was chartered in 18G2. They 
broke ground early in September, 18G:>, and by the 1st of 
October of the same year had so far completed their track 
as to operate. The company now run cars through Spring, 
High, Congress, Middle, and India Streets, a distance of 
nearly two miles, to the Grand Trunk Depot. Also, from 
Grove Street, through Congress to Atlantic Street, on Mun- 
joy Hill, nearly two miles. Also, from the head of Preble 
Street, through Preble, Portland, and Green Streets, and 
across Deering's bridge, and through the pleasant villages 
of Deering Point and Woodford's Corner, passing the beau- 
tiful burial-place of the city, known as Evergreen Ceme- 
tery, to Morrill's Corner, a distance of three and a quarter 
miles. Cars run every twelve minutes on the Spring, Mid- 
dle, and India Street route ; every eight minutes on the 
Congress Street route ; and in summer, every twenty min- 
utes on the Westbrook route. Almon Leach, Superin- 
tendent. 

STEAMBOAT LINES. 

Besides her extraordinary railroad facilities, Portland has 
the following .steamboat lines engaged in commerce and the 
transportation of freight and passengers to and from the 
principal ports between New York and Prince Edward's 
Island, and she has had and will have soon again a line of 
ocean steamers running directly between here and Liverpool 
and other European ports : 

The International Steamship Company make two trips a 
week to Eastport, Calais, St. John, N. B., Annapolis, Wind- 
sor, and Halifax, N. S., and Charlottetown, P. E. I. T. 
C. Hersey, President and Manager ; A. K. Stubbs, Agent, 
Railroad Wharf. 

The Portland and Boston Daily Line of first-class steam- 
ers leave Franklin Wharf, Portland, daily, at seven o'clock, 
P.M., and India Wharf, Boston, daily, at five o'clock p.m. 
J. B. Coyle, General Agent, Portland; William Weeks, 
Agent, Boston. 

The Portland, Bangor and Machias Steamboat Com- 
pany run weekly botits between Portland and Machias and 
back, touching at all the principal intermediate points, leav- 
ing Portland every Friday morning at ten o'clock, and 
Machias every Thursday morning at five o'clock. E. Cush- 
ing, General Manager ; George L. Day, General Ticket 
Agent, Railroad Wharf 

The Maine Steamship Company run a semi-weekly line 
between Portland and New York, leaving the former city 
every Monday and Thursday at six P.M., and the latter 
every Monday and Thursday at four p.m. Henry Fox, Gen- 
eral Agent, Portland. J. F. Ames, Agent, Pier iJ8, East 
River, New York. 

The Canada Shipping Company, or Beaver Sleamshiji 



204 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Cotupiiii)', run in the winter, in connection with the Mis- 
sissippi and Dominion Steamship Company, forming a 
weekly line to Liverpool, comprising six boats, three of 
each line, which commence running about the 20th of No- 
vember, and end about tlie 30th of April. These boats 
were put on for the season of 1877-78 ; they are of large 
carrying c;»paeity, the least being 1800 tons, and from that 
up to 2700 tons, and have, in addition to their freight car- 
goes, acconmiodation for about forty passengere each. 

Dominion Line, D. C., Torrence & Co., Montreal. 

Beaver Line, Thompson, Murraj' & Co., Montreal. 

The Clyde Ijine of ocean steamships consists of six steam- 
ers, making tri-weekly trips to Glasgow and London. They 
are of about 2200 tons each, and have accommodations for 
about twenty passengers respectively. Robert Keford & 
Co., Agents, Montreal. 

The Motitreal Ocean Steamship Company formerly ran 
six steamei-s from Portland, making a weekly line between 
here and Liverpool. They commenced running about 
1859, in connection with the Grand Trunk Railway, 
making at that time tri-monthly trips. These boats con- 
tinued to run during the winter season till 1876-77, when 
they were discontinued between this port and Halifax, on 
account of the transference of the mail contract from the 
Grand Trunk to the Liter-Colonial Railway, the Dominion 
Government making it oblig-atory upon them to receive the 
Canada mails at Halifax. There is some probability that 
these lines of steamers will be restored to Portland ; others 
at least will come if they do not, for the extension of the 
Grand Trunk on an independent track to Chicago, and the 
arrangements which have been made to take hold of a large 
portion of the va.st freighting interest of the Northwest, 
will inevitably bring to Portland all the ships necessary to 
dispose of the immense business which will rapidly accu- 
mulate. Already there are .strong ■ indications that the 
Great K;istern and the Allan Line of steamships will soon 
come to Portland. The route is the shortest to the great 
wheat- and stock-growing region of the Northwest, and the 
harbor the deepest and s;\fest on the continent. The Great 
Eastern once came here because no other harbor on the 
coast contained deep enough water to accommodate her ; 
and, if she is to be made a commercial vessel, there is no 
good reason why she should not come again. (For further 
remarks on the advantages of Portland Harbor, see chapter 
ou the coast topography and couclusiou of the history of 
the Grand Trunk Railway, in this work.) 

THE ICE BUSINESS. 

The history of the ice business which has been developed 
by Mr. Clark commences with Mr. David Robinson, who 
was the first person to use and sell ice in the city of Port- 
land. His ice-cellar, ten by six feet, and ten feet deep, was 
built on Munjoy Hill' about 1S23, and held some ten tons. 
In 1828 he built an ice-cellar on Cumberland Street that 
held sixty tons. He sold the first ice in Portland about the 
year 1831, resulting as follows: Judge Mellen twelve and 
a half cents ; two other men six and a quarter cents' worth 
each ; paid for horse and use of wagon 81.50. This closed 
his Sides for that year ; loss in business SI. 25. In 1832 
he built the first ice-house above ground, located on the 



corner of Congress and Centre Streets, and in 1836 there 
were families enough in the city wanting ice regularly to 
establish the business. Mr. Robinsun and son carried on 
the business until 1851, and sold out their interest to Fos- 
ter & Cartwright, who continued the business until 1852, 
when it became the property of the Sebago Lake Ice Com- 
pany. The Sebago company, in its first year of business, 
shipped forty-eight cargoes, averaging one hundred and fifty- 
three tons each. In 1855, Mr. D. W. Clark succeeded the 
Sebago Lake Ice Company, and has controlled the ice 
business in Portland since. His judicious management, 
his increased facilities for obtaining and storing ice, have 
kept pace with the growing demands of this necessary arti- 
cle, and the four hundred and ninety patrons of the Sebago 
Lake Ice Company have increased to three thousand. In 
1873, Mr. Clark associated with him in business Mr. Ashbel 
Chaplin (D. W. Clark & Co.), and in the same year began 
shipping ice from Sebago Lake. In the twenty-three years 
from 1851 to 1874, the total shipments were twenty-three 
thousand four hundred and thirty-five tons. Since 1874 
D. W. Clark & Co. have shipped one hundred and eighty- 
two cargoes, containing seventy-two thousand two hundred 
and thirty-four tons. In 1851 the average cargo was one 
hundred and forty-four tons, and in 1879 it was four 
hundred and ninety-four tons, showing the increased carry- 
ing capacity of vessels. Thus in a little over a quarter of 
a century has the ice business in Portland increased in value 
from a few shillings to thousands of dollars annually. 

D. W. CL.VRK 

[Abraham,* Mervin,' John,' Mathew,'- John.'] 
is a lineal descendant in the sixth generation from John 
Clark, an early settler, first of Cambridge, Mass., then of 
Hartford and Farmington, Conn. He was one of the forty- 
two men to whom land was assigned at Newton, now Cam- 
bridge. Jhirch 29, 1632. 

He probably went to Hartford, Conn., in June, 1636, 
with the company of Rev. Thomas Hooker in its memor- 
able journey through the wilderness, and his name is on 
the monument erected to the fii-st settlers, in Hartford. 

He removed to Farmington about 1655, and was one of 
the eighty-four original proprietors, and died there at great 
age, Feb. 21, 1712. 

Abraham, father of the subject of this notice, removed 
in 1831 with his family to Jacksonville, 111., where they 
lived for many j-eai-s. Afterwards he removed to Chicago, 
where he died Feb. 21, 1853, aged seventy-five. 

His mother, Millicent, was a daughter of Joseph and 
Ruth (Wetmore) Washburn, of Middletown, Conn., and a 
descendant of John Washburn, the emigrant, and secretary 
of the Massachusetts Colony. She died March 9, 1863, 
aged seventy-nine. 

Dennis Woodrufi" Clark was fifth child, born in Farming- 
ton, Conn., May 27, 1819, removed West with his parents, 
and spent most of his time in school until he was eighteen 
years of age. For three years he was a clerk in a store, and 
in 1840 he purchased goods and started business for himself 
in Rockingham, Iowa. Here he remained two }"ears, and 
removed to Wisconsin, where he carried on mercantile busi- 
ness until 1852. He married Mary Caroline, daughter of 




(jj ' ' VTz-^tf^^f^^p 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



Alexander and Mary (Lowell) Hubb. In 1852 he became 
a member of the firm of Gill, Clark & Co., jobbers of 
groceries, in Sacramento, Cal., but after a year and a lialf 
withdrew from the firm, and in the spring of 1854 came to 



205 



Mr. Clark has been connected with many local enterprises 
during his residence in Portland, and is among the most 
active, enterprising, and influential business men of the city. 
He was treasurer of the Leeds and Parmington liailruad 




r 



4tt^^ 



Portland. In the winter of 1854-55 he put up ice for the 
Sebago Lake Ice Company, and in the fall of 1855 as- 
sumed entire control of the ice business, purchasing the 
company's interest. 



prior to the sale of that road to the Maine Ten 
of the directoi'S of the Portland and Ogdensbiir 
from 1872 to 1877; and is president of the 
AVater Company since 1873. 



tral ; one 
llailroad 
Portland 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



WILLIAM MOULTON. 

This branch of the Moult on family in New England is 
descended from William Moulton, who came from Ormsby, 
County of Norfolk, England, in 1637, with Robert Page, 
and settled at Hampton, Mass., in 1639. He afterwards 
married Margaret, a daughter of Page, and some of his de- 
scendants are still found in Hampton and in the neighbor- 
ing towns. William Moulton, a lineal descendant of Wil- 
liam Moulton, the emigrant, and son of Daniel and Deborah 
(Dyer) Moulton, was born in the town of Scarborough, 
March 22, 1801. 

His early manhood was spent on the farm, and his oppor- 
tunities for obtaining an education from books were very 
limited. For several years he was engaged in real estate 
operations in Penobscot Co., Me., and was very successful. 
About the year 183G he settled in Portland, and estab- 
lished himself in the grocery trade, and during the same 



year he married Nancy, daughter of Henry V. and Catha- 
rine (McLaughlin) Cumston, of Scarborough. He subse- 
quently formed a copartnership with Charles Rogers, with 
the firm-name of Charles Rogers & Co., as wholesale jobbers 
of flour and groceries. This firm continued busincjrs for 
many years, and ranked among the first and largest mer- 
chants of the city. Mr. Moulton, upon retiring from the 
mercantile business, engaged in banking, was a director 
of the Cumberland Bank, and for a (juartcr of a century 
prior to his death, its president. His connection with this 
bank was most satisfactory, and its financial standing was 
such as to receive the confidence of the business men of 
Portland. 

Mr. Jloulton's ability as a financier was marked, and his 
career one of continued success. His good judgment, sii- 
gaeity, and forethought, his remarkably clear and quick 
perception of probable future results, led others to seek 
his counsel and place implicit confidence in his judgment. 



206 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



For one year he was treasurer of the city. His correct 
habits and high regard for integrity led him to desire the 
quiet routine of a business life, and he never was solicitous 
of political proferment or publicity. In politics he was a 
Democrat, a staunch member of the party, but not active. 
He died Dec. 28, 18G8. His children are Sarah, who died 
at the age of eleven years ; Ella, the wife of Darius II. 
Ingraham, a lawyer of Portland ; and William Henry, a 
graduate of Bowdoiu College in the close of 1S74, and 
banker of Portland. 

CHARLES Mclaughlin. 

" The McLaughlins are descended from Murtogh or 
Maurice, learned, brave, and pious, the first Christian king 
of Ireland. He was the grandson of Owen, from whom 
the clan Owen took their name, and after whom the present 
county of Tyrone, the land of Owen, in Ulster, was called. 
Murtogh's reign forms a marked era in the history of Ire- 
land, because of the extraordinary literary and religiuus 
develojiUient by which it was characterized. He died in 
528 A.D., and from that time until 1165 A.n., when his 
descendant Jlurtogh MacLaughlin, the last king of Ire- 
huid before the invasion of the Anglo-Normans, was slain 
at Ijittcrluin, many of the rulers of the land were of his 
bliHid. The chief fortress of the MacLaughlins was for 
many generations at Aileach, about seven miles from Lon- 
donderry ; the foundation of the citadel of Aileach still ex- 
ists in a fairly preserved state, and is supposed by Irish 
antiquarians to be the most ancient building in Ireland, and 
one of the most ancient in Western Europe, dating as far 
back as twelve hundred years before Christ. The southern 
part of the island was (|uickly overrun and held by the 
English, but the north maintained its independence until 
far through the time of Elizabeth. This independence was 
secured by several well-contested battles, two of which, 
Jloy Caba in 1188, and Armagh in 1196 A.D., were gained 
under the leadership of the MacLaughlins. This family 
furnished nominal monarchs for Ireland until 1241 A.D., 
in which year Donnel MacLaughlin, chief of clan Owen, 
expelled Brian O'Ncil, the head of a younger branch of the 
clan, from Tyrone O'Neil sought assistance from the 
O'Donnels, who invaded Tyrone and gave battle to Mac- 
Laughlin, ' in which battle fell,' say the Four Masters, 
•Donnel MacLaughlin, lord of the Kinel-Owen, and ten of 
his family, together with all the chieftains of the Kinel- 
Owen.' This battle gave the leadership of the north to the 
O'Neils. From that time forward the MacLaughlins at- 
tached themselves to the O'Donnels, retaining their posses- 
sions until the confiscation of all Ulster by James I. Their 
lands had been confirmed to tlicm by Elizabeth at the end 
of her war with the northern Irish, although they liad 
been actively engaged with the O'Donnels against her. 
They lost their lands by the confiscation, but regained a 
portion of them upon the coming of Owen Roe O'Neil, in 
1642, and held them until Cromwell subdued the country. 
That hard fighter drew his sword through their titles, and 
in fifty years they helped to verify the strange avowal that 
true nobility of blood and manners in Ireland was confined 
ulmoct exclusively to the ranks of the poor and pure native 



Irish. Since that time the only distinction open to them 
has been in the Church. Under the old rerjimc, the Mac- 
Laughlins were ercimchs or custodians of half the church 
lands of the present county of Londonderry. 

" If you ask who till the innumerable fields on the slope 
of Fahan Hill, you are told that they are one-half Mac- 
Laughlins, tenants of the soil their forefathers had won by 
the sword, forbidden by law until within a few years to 
own a foot of land in all Ulster, but still owning the 
memory of a great past and clinging to the promise of a 
fair future."* 

William and Robert McLuighlin, brothers, of the stock 
of the LUster IMcLaughlins, emigrated in the same vessel 
to this country, and settled in Scarborough, then virtually, 
so far as the Indians were concerned, a frontier town. Wil- 
liam was born in 170G; his wife, Sarah Jameson, was born 
in Plymouth, Mass., in 1715, and died in Scarborough, 
Jan. 21, 1818. Robert was never married. William and 
Robert cleared the farm on Beech Ridge, in Scarborough, 
now owned and occupied by his great-grandson, Robert 
McLaughlin. This family, like the other settlers of Scar- 
borough, had their share of trouble from the Indians, who, 
both in their own interest and in that of the French, made 
many incursions into the town. In tho.se days the alarms 
of danger were frequent enough ; the McLaughlins were 
obliged many a time to leave their home and seek security 
with the garrison on Scottow's Hill ; and it was not until 
the jieace of 1763 that they were finally safe from the 
depredations of the savages. 

William McLaughlin was a town warden in 1777. He 
died in 1782. His son Robert, born in Scarborough, July 
18, 1752, died May 8, 1823; his wife, Martha Johnson, 
was born Feb. 16, 1761, and died at Monmouth, Me., 
June y, 1851. They had three sons and six daughters. 
Betsey, the eldest, married Edward Sargent, of Bangor ; 
Sally and Nancy were never married ; Catharine married 
Henry Vanschaick Cumston, of Scarborough, afterwards of 
Monmouth; William; James; Dionysia married Wiggins 
Hill, of Bangor; Ruth married Joseph Hasty, of Standish ; 
Charles was never married ; James went to Bangor, operated 
in real estate, became quite wealthy, and died there Oct. 14, 
1872, at the age of eighty-two ; his wife was Alinira Til- 
ton, of Scarborough. Charles, the youngest of the family, 
settled in Louisiaiui and became a large planter ; he died 
Dec. 19, 1835, in his thirty-eighth year. William took to 
farming like his ancestors, and was known as a man of good 
judgment, of strict integrity, and correct habits. He mar- 
ried Agnes Hasty (whose mother, Rachel Deane, was a niece 
of Parson Deane), by whom he had three sons, James, 
Robert, and Charles; he died at Scarborough, April 11, 
1837. 

Of these sons, Robert resides upon the old homestead, 
which has thus been in his family for four successive gen- 
erations, about a hundred and thirty years. James resides 
in Montclair, N. J. Charles was born in Scarborough, 
July 10, 1827 ; he spent his boyhood on the old home- 
stead ; at seventeen he left Scarborough to make his own 



» The MiicLauglilins of Cliiu Oivcii, liy Johu I'ntrick lirown, A.Ii., 

Bustou, isrs. 




i^i^Rt^^ 



^■T^f^ti rtx 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



2n7 



way in tlie world. For some years lie served as clerk in a 
store. In 1851 he married Annie L., daughter of Charles 
Davis, of Portland. Mr. Davis had been at one time pub- 
lisher of the Savannah Republican, and was for many 
years well known as a business man of Portland. In 1851, 
Mr. McLaughlin formed a partnership with W. L. Alden, 
under the firm-name of IMcLaughlin & Alden, flour job- 
bers. After the di.s.solution of this firm he entered into 
business with Mr. Davis, his father-in-law, in 1857, under 
the firm-name of Charles McLaughlin & Co. This firm 
afterwards embraced such other well-known citizens as 
George E. Davis, Charles Walker, Daniel W. Ames, and 
Albert Drummond. (See page 195.) 

Mr. iNIcLaughlin has always taken much interest in local 
improvements in Portland, and although not holding office 
has had no little prominence in the affairs of the city. He 
was elected to the Legislature of 1878, and as a member 
of that body contributed an important part to some of its 
most useful legi-slation. Confident of the repeal of the 
national bankrupt law, Jlr. McLaughlin originated and 
advocated successfully the present State insolvent law. 
During the session of the Legislature of 1879 an attack 
was made upon this law, and for a time there was danger 
of its being repealed. But Mr. McLaughlin, although 
not a member, with other friends of the law, rallied to its 
defense, and by good management secured its retention, 
with slight modifications, upon the statute-book. He has 
never sought public preferment, devoting himself closely 
to business, and his integrity, care, and forethought have 
secured him a position among the foremost niereliants of 
Portland. 

He has two children, Agnes Hasty McLaughlin and 
Charles McLaughlin, Jr. 



GEORGE P. WESCOTT. 

His grandfather, Archibald Wescott, removed from Pen- 
obscot and settled at Bluehill, Me., in 1833, where he died 
at the age of seventy-seven. His father, Joseph Wescott^ 
was born in Penobscot, July 23, 1813, went to sea when 
only ten years of age, and held the various places of trust 
and responsibility on board ship during his first ten years 
of seafaring life. At the age of twenty he took command 
of a vessel as captain, and in command of difl^erent ships 
made coasting voyages and carried on trade between Bos- 
ton, New York, and the West Indies for ten years. In 
1845 he retired from the sea and establi-shed himself as a 
granite contractor at Bluehill, Hancock Co., Me., where he 
successfully carried on that business until 1866, when he 
settled in Portland, and in partnership with his son, George 
P., opened business as granite contractors and commission 
merchants, which business this firm continues. He married 
Caroline, daughter of Samuel Brown, of Bluehill, in 1839. 
Their children are Helen, Mrs. John Hinckley, of Nevada 
(deceased), George P., Carrie B., Mrs. Henry P. Wood, 
of San FrancLsco (deceased), and Ilattie. 

The ancestors of the Wescotts came from England and 
settled at Castine, Hancock Co., Me., prior to the Ilevolu- 
tionary war, and their descendants are, in 1879, residents 
of the same county and occupy the same farm first settled 



by their great ancestor. Many members of the Wescott 
family were seafaring men. 

George P. Wescott was born at Bluehill, Me., Dec. 24, 
1842. Mis boyhood was .spent at home, where he received 
a good education in the common school, and for some time 
was a student in Bluehill Academy. 

At the age of eighteen he went to California, and was 
civil engineer in the Mare Island Navy Office for two years. 
He then spent one year in the silver mines of Nevada, and 
returned to California, where, at Vallcjo, he engaged in the 
mercantile business, which he continued until 1805. He 
was appointed postmaster of that place, under Governor 
Blair, and held the office as long as he was in business 
there. In January, 1860, he came to Portland, where, ia 
partnership with his f\ither, he has remained in business. 

Mr. Wescott's business capacity, his ability as a success- 
ful financier and judicious manager, gives him place among 
the most influential young business men of the city. Since 
1807 he has been a director, and since 1875 vice-president, 
of the Casco National Bank. In 1809 he was elected 
treasurer of the Portland and Rochester Railroad, which 
position he resigned in 1873. In 1875 he was chosen 
president of the same road, and in 1877 he was appointed 
receiver by the State Supreme Court, which position he now 
fills. In 1877 he was elected treasurer and general man- 
ager of the Portland Water Company, and .still retains that 
office in 1879. Soon after settling in I'ortland, Mr. Wes- 
cott began to take an active part in the aff'airs of the city, 
and is a promoter of all enterprises tending to its prosperity 
and the welfare of its citizens. 

In politics, he is a Republican. Ho represented the 5th 
AVard of the city on the board of alderman in 1809-70, 
was elected mayor in 1874, and re-elected to the same 
honorable position the following year. 

In his official duties Mr. Wescott has honored the vari- 
ous offices which he has filled by his integrity in his busi- 
ness relations, by his prompt action and sound judgment. 

In 1807 he married Sarah Ann, daughter of Henry N. 
West, of Haverhill, Mass. 



ROSWELL MINARD RICHARDSON* 

is a descendant in the eighth generation from Samuel Rich- 
ardson, who was born in England about 1010, and with iiis 
brother Thomas settled at Charlestown, Mass., in the year 
1036. His elder brother, Ezekiel, settled at Charlestown 
in 1030, having been a pa.ssenger of Winthrop's fleet, and 
with his wife Susanna became members of the church 
gathered in Charlestown, Aug. 27, 1030. He was ad- 
mitted a freeman of the colony May 18, 1631. The first 
notice of Samuel Richardson is dated July 1, 1030, when 
he and his brother, Thomas, with others were on a 
committee to lay out lots of land for hay. On the 5th 
of November, 1040, the three brothers and four others 
were chosen by the church of Charlestown as commission- 
ers for the settlement of a church and towu within what 
were then the limits of Charlestown, but soon after erected 
into a separate town, and called Woburn. Samuel was 

* Samuel,' David,' Zebadiah,' Ebenoior,* Stephen,* Stephen,* 
Samuel.' 



208 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



selectman of Woburn in 164-i, 1G45, 16t6, 1G49, 1650, 
and 1051. 

" Their descendants, bearing' the name of Richardson, 
long have been, and still are, more numerous than persons 
of any other name in Woburn, and amonj:; them have been 
found some of the most valued members of the church and 
citizens of the placc."f 

His <^randfat!ier, David, born in Hudson, N. H., Aug. 
5, 1763, married, 1790, Polly Dearborn, born May 19, 
1709, daughter of Capt. Samuel and Sarah (Clough) 
Dearborn, of Plymouth, N. H. David Richardson served 
three years in the army of the Revolution, for which, near 
the close of his life, he drew a pension. In 1801 he re- 
moved to Comptou, Province of Quebec, and in 1828 to 
Gloucester, near Ottawa, Piovince of Ontario, where his 
wife died. He returned to Compton, where he died, May 
13, 1849, in the family of his eldest son, Samuel. 

Samuel, father of R. M. Richardson, born in Plymouth, 
N. H., Aug. 3, 1791, married, first, in Compton, Canada, 
Mehitable Shurtleif, born May 19, 1792, daughter of Joel 
and Eunice (Scott) Shurtleff. She was a descendant in 
the sixth generation of William Shurtleff, of Marshfield, 
the emigrant ancestor of all of the name in New England, 
and whose name first appears in Plymouth in 1634 She 
died in Compton, March 18, 1845. Samuel Richardson 
was a farmer in Compton, a man in moderate circumstances, 
and much respected in the town. He died Juno 13, 18()6. 

Roswell Minard Richardson, eldest son of Samuel and 
Mehitable (Shurtlefl) Richardson, born in Compton, Prov- 
ince of Quebec, April 7, 1814, married, JIarch 9, 1848, 
in Boston, Ann Hutchins Hapgood, born in Petersham, 
Mass., Jan. 18, 1819. She was the daughter of Thomas 
and Betsey (Hopkins) Hapgood, and granddaughter of 
Hutchins and Elizabeth (Grout) Hapgood. She is seventh 
in descent from Shadrach Hapgood, the original emigrant 
of the name, who embarked at Gravesend in the " Speed- 
well," May 30, 1656, bound for New England, and was 
slain by the Indians at Quaboag, now Brookfield, Mass., 
Aug. 2, 1675. Her maternal grandmother, Elizabeth 
Grout, was granddaughter of Col. Jonathan Grout of the 
French and Revolutionary wars. He was a member of the 
Provincial Congress at Cambridge in February, 1775, and 
was elected a member of the first Congress of the United 
States, under the Federal Constitution, as a representative 
from Worcester Co., Mass., in 1789. The wife of Mr. 
Richardson is a lineal descendant of Stephen Hopkins, tlie 
Pilgrim, who came over in the " Mayflower" in 1620. 

Roswell M. Richardson left his home in December, 
1829, at fifteen years of age. He was a clerk in a store at 
Hatley village, Canada East, for a while, in Canaan, Vt., for 
two years, and in Northumberland, N. H., until Jan. 1,1836, 
when, as a partner of Gen. John Willson (Willson & Rich- 
ardson), he continued business at that place until 1845. 
In 1840 he Wiis appointed United States deputy marehal, 
and took the census of Coos Co., N. H., the same year. 
In 1838 he was appointed, by Governor Isaac Hill, adju- 
tant of the 42d Regiment, 8th Brigade, New Hampshire 
Militia; liouteDant-coloDel by Governor John Page, June 

t History of Woburn, pp. 71, 635, 6.3fi, bj Rev. Mr. Sowiill. 



23, 1840; colonel by Governor John H. Steel, June 20, 
1844 ; and brigadier-general by Governor Anthony Colby, 
July 6, 1846, from which position he retired June 20, 
1848, afler removing to Vermont. He was appointed 
justice of the peace by Governor Henry Hubbard, Sept. 
5, 1842, which position he held while a resident of the 
State of New Hampshire. He commenced lumbering on 
the Connecticut River in 1842. April 1, 1856, he re- 
moved to Portland, where, still continuing his lumber busi- 
ness for many years, he was engaged in busine.ss as a whole- 
sale grocer on Commercial Street from 1861 to 1875. 

In 1 860 he was a member of the lower branch of the 
City Council of Portland ; Democratic nominee for senator 
for Cumberland County in 1861, but failed of an election 
through party divisions on war issues. He was elected 
mayor of Portland, March 1, 1875, and was a representa- 
tive in the State Legislature from Portland in 1878. He 
has one son living, William Slinard Richardson. 



CAPTAIN JACOB S. WINSLOW 

was born in Pembroke, Me., Dec 19, 1827. His father, 
Jacob Winslow, born in North Yarmouth, Me., in 1795, 
settled in Pembroke in the year 1812. He was a seaman 
during most of his life, as was his father. Snow Winslow, 
before him, and was mostly engaged in a coasting trade. 
He married Elizabeth Clark, of Pembroke. She still sur- 
vives, aged seventy-six. 

Jacob Winslow died in 1841. His father, Snow Wins- 
low, died at Havana of yellow fever. 

Capt. Jacob S. Winslow is second son in a family of ten 
children. His boyhood was spent on the farm and at school. 
Seeming to inherit from his ancestors a desire for the sea, 
he, at the age of fourteen, went aboard a vessel as a com- 
mon hand. His integrity of character and industrious 
habits gradually gained the confidence of his superiors. 
Just before reaching his majority he became master of the 
brig " Noble," and made two trips, one to Philadelphia, 
and a second to the West Indies, having been before for 
some two years first mate of a vessel. He successively 
commanded the " Josephine," " Calista," " Bloomer," " Jere- 
miah Fowler," barks " Maine Law" and " Philena." He 
built the latter vessel and sailed her for some six years to 
the West Indies and Europe. 

In 1862, Capt. Winslow retired from the sea, opened an 
ofiice on Central Wharf, Portland, engaged more extensively 
in ship-building, and began trade in ship-stores and chand- 
lery. He has constructed in all some one hundred vessels 
at the yards in Yarmouth, Pembroke, and Portland. Since 
1868, Capt. Winslow has associated with him as partner in 
business Henry P. Dewey, a gentleman of fine business 
ability, with the firm-name of J. S. Winslow & Co. 

Upon his retirement from the sea Capt. Winslow began 
to take an interest in the affairs of the city, and is a pro- 
moter of all enterprises tending to its prosperity and the 
welfare of its citizens. He is a director of the Casco Na- 
tional Bank, Portland l>loyds Insurance Company, Dry- 
dock Company, and Bangor and Machias Steamboat Com- 
pany. He is interested in local and State legislation, is an 




--^JJ^^^^^^Msu^ 




\.^,.,.^ /^S'9^^^c 




CITY OF PORTLAND. 



209 



active member of the Republican party, and was a member 
of tbe Common Council from the First Ward for 18G8-69, 
and was one of the representatives from I'ortlaud to the 
State Legislature in 1 876-77. 

Ill 1853 lie married Philena, daughter of Zetias and 
Eliza Morton, of Lubec, Me. His wife died May 14, 1877. 



MARK P. EMERY. 

The name of Emory is of Norman origin. Was intro- 
duced into England, 1066, by (Jilbert D'Amory, of Tours, 
in Normandy, a follower of William the Conqueror, and 
with him at the battle of Hastings. In 1G35, John, and 
.son John, and Anthony, his brother, born in Romsey, in 
Nantes, a small cathedral town, about eight miles northerly 
from Southampton, embarked from the latter place for 
America, in the ship " James," Captain Cooper, and landed 
in Boston, June 3d of that year. They at once proceeded 
to Newbury. John there settled, and died in 1683. The 
locality of his longest residence, at Oldtown Lower Green, is 
still known as '■ Pjmery's Field." From him sprang a numer- 
ous progeny, whose representatives are scattered far and wide. 
Anthony went to Kittery, where he settled, and from whom 
proceeded the other branch of this numerous family. 

A family reunion of the Emerys was held at " Ould 
Newberrie," Sept. 3, 1879, .some eighty persons being pres- 
ent from all parts of the country. Among them were Rev. 
Samuel Hopkins Emery, of Taunton, Mass.; George Emery, 
of Boston ; Rev. Rufus Emery, of Newburgh, N. Y. ; Rev. 
Dr. Emery, of West Newbury; Representative Levi Emery, 
of Lawrence; Moses Jefl'erson Emery, of Haverhill ; George 
Edwin Emery, of Lynn ; and 3Iark P. Emery, of Portland, 
Me. 

The grandfather of Mark P. Emery, Thomas Emery, 
born in 1753, was a descendant of Anthony Emery, and a 
native of Biddeford, York Co., Me. He early in life settled 
in the town of Buxton, and was one of the pioneers of that 
town. Although a farmer by occupation, he was a man of 
mark in public affairs. Besides holding many offices in his 
town, he, as a member of the old Federal party, was a 
member of the State Legislature. He married Hannah 
Hammond, Nov. 27, 1773, and reared a family of eight 
sons and five daughters. She died Oct. 31, 1827, aged 
seventy-five years. 

Thomas Emery, father of the subject of this narrative, 
was born in the town of Buxton, at which place he died 
Oct. 20, 1856. He married Oct. 4, 1799, Mary Woodman, 
of Buxton, and reared a family of six sons and four daugh- 
ters — Rufus, Mrs. Richard Steele, Mr.s. John Bradbury, 
James W., Horace, Thomas J., Alexander J. (deceased), 
Mark P., Mrs. Joseph G. Steele, and Mrs. Joseph Dunnell. 
The mother of these children died June 27. 1858, aged 
seventy-nine. 

Thomas Emery was a farmer and lumberman by occu- 
pation, and used to raft his lumber down the Saco River 
for .shipment to other ports. He was prominent among 
the citizens of his town and county ; was selectman of 
HiixluM, and sheriff of York County. 

Mark P. Emory was born Feb. 17, 1817, in the tcjwn (if 
Buxton, and spent most of his minority ou the farm. He 
27 



received his early education in tlio town school and Gorham 
Academy. At the age of twenty, unaided pecuniarily, he 
came to Portland, and for four years was a clerk with 
Smith & Brown, grocers and lumber dealers. In 1845 he 
became a partner with J. B. Brown & Jedediah Jewett, 
with the firm-name of J. B. Brown & Co., in the same 
business, which continued three years, when the partner- 
ship was dis.solvcd. Mr. Emery was in business alone from 
1848 to 1852 as a manufacturer and shipper of sliooks, and 
an importer of molas.ses and .sugar, trading in the West 
Indies. In 1855, after a rest of several years on account of 
impaired health, he took in Henry Fox as partner, with the 
firm-name of " Emery & Fox," and continued in the same 
business until 1868. About the year 1860 this firm added 
the lumber business to their already extensive shipping and 
import trade, and continued as lumber merchants until 
1876, when the partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Emery 
sought to retire from the cares of so much business, after 
spending nearly forty years as a persevering, industrious, 
and enterprising business man. For some years past he 
has been engaged quite largely in real-estate operations in 
Vermont and New Hampshire. In local matters he has 
ever felt a deep interest, and has taken an active part in 
the promotion of enterprises tending to the good of society. 
His financial ability is recognized by business men, and his 
connection with the First Natioiuil Bank of Portland as 
director, and with the Maine Savings Bank as trustee, for 
the past three years, have added strength to these institu- 
tions. He is also a director of the Maine Steamboat Com- 
pany. He represented the Fifth Ward of the city as 
alderman for two terms, during which time as chairman of 
the committee of the fire department he purchased the first 
fire-engine used in Portland. He married Jan. 1, 1846, 
Mary S., daughter of Ezra Smith, of Hanover, Me. 



CHARLES H. HASKELL. 

Joel Haskell, with two brothers, Moses and Nehemiah, 
former residents of Cape Ann and Newburyport, Mass., 
removed to New Gloucester, and were among the first set- 
tlers of the town. 

Joel married Joanna Burnliam, and reared a family of 
children. 

Jonathan Haskell, his son, the grandfather of the subject 
of this narrative, was a blacksmith by trade, and Wiis en- 
gaged in the postal service during the pioneer history of 
the town, when he used to carry the mail on horseback 
from Portland to Augusta. He died Oct. 9, 1858, aged 
ninety-two. 

Charles C, father of Charles II. Haskell, died in 1869, 
aged seventy-four. He was a respectable farmer in New 
Gloucester, and used to spend his winters on the Andros- 
coggin River and the lakes, .surveying timber. He was an 
unswerving member of the old Whig party, afterwards a 
Free-Soiler, and later a Republican. He married Sarah 
R., daughter of Nathaniel Eveleth, who was a prominent 
and worthy citizen of New Gloucostor. She ilicd in Sop- 
tombor, 1877, aged seventy-eighl. 

Charles H. is eldest son, born in New Gloucester, May 
12, 1824. Id 1839 he came to Portland, and was a clerk 



210 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



until 1848, when he started business for himself as a whole- 
sale grocer, in partnership with Oliver V. Reynolds. Tiiis 
business he continued until 1878, with the exception of 
four years, from 18.'J6-60, duriu-;; which time he was in- 
spector of customs, receiving his appointment from President 
James Buchanan. 

He was a director of the National Traders' Bank for 
several years, a member of the Portland Board of Trade 
since its organization, its treasurer for ten years, and presi- 
dent of the board in 1878. He was one of the founders 
of the Mercantile Library Association, and its president 
for two years. 




y{a^a^ /^ A^(>^^ 



i^^^ 



Mr. Haskell was formerly a Whig, but upon the disso- 
lution of that party became a Democrat. For two terms 
he was councilman from the Sixth Ward of the city, and 
was elected city auditor, but declined to accept the office. 

In 1871 he was a representative from Portland in the 
State Legislature, and was placed on the committee on 
banks and banking. 

In 1875 he was appointed, with Joshua Nye, by President 
Grant, centennial commissioner for the State of Maine, and 
was State Senator in 1875-76, acting as chairman of the 
railroad committee. He married. May 10, 1849, Mary E., 
daughter of Zophar Reynolds, of Portland. She died Oct. 
9, 1863, leaving one son, Charles 0. Haskell. For his 
second wife, Mr. Haskell married, June 4, 1870, Mrs. Louise 
L. Kenney. 



NEAL R. M AC AL ASTER, 

son of Peter and Ruth (Bryant) Macalastcr, was boin in 
Lovell, Oxford Co., Me., Aug. 14, 1844. His grandfather, 
Ananias, emigrated from Scotland and settled in New Eng- 
land. His father and three uncles, John, Jerry, and Zac- 



cheus, settled in Stonehani, and his father subsequently 
settled in Lovell, where for many years he was a farmer. 
He is now retired from the active duties of life at the age 
of seventy-eight, having been born in 1801. His mother 
died in 1876 at the age of sixty-eight. 

Neal R. Macalaster spent his boyhood at school. At the 
age of sixteen he went to Halifax, where for three years he 
was a close student of anatomy and physiology, and during 
the first five years he was in that city, learned dentistry 
with his brother. Dr. Oris Macalaster, who settled there 
from Boston about 1857. 





^^'fe^:^^^^^ 



In 1865, having completed his studies, he opened an 
office in Fryeburg, Mc., where he practiced dentistry until 
1869, when his brother. Dr. Oris, having settled in Port- 
land, he joined him and practiced with him until 1874, and 
became a partner, under the firm-name of Macalaster Bros. 
This firm continued business successfully until 1879, when 
the senior member of the firm retired, settling in Lynn, 
Mass., and Dr. Neal R. continues the business. 

Dr. Macalaster is ranked among the most succe.ssfiil 
practitioners of dentistry in the city, and is an acknowl- 
edged skillful and careful operator. He is said to be the 
only successful practitioner in the administration of nitrous 
oxide gas in the city, and makes a specialty of the care of 
children's teeth and gold fillings. He married, Aug. 11, 
1866, in Philadelphia, Ella F., daughter of Asahel and 
^rvilla (Nason) Barrows, of Bniwiifield, Oxford Co., Me. 
Her father is a native of Vermont and her mother is a 
native of New Hampshire. , 




^y9>^^-t^^o 



Ct'-t^-l^ 



His grandfather, Nicholas, settled in tlie town of 
Limington, York Co., Me., from Salem, Mass., prior 
to the Revolntionary war. He was a pioneer of the 
town, and went there on horseback with his wife, fol- 
lowing marked trees. He raised a family of five 
sons and two daughters, all of whom were married 
and reared familes. Nicholas Davis was a major in 
the Revolutionary war; was a farmer by occupation, 
and died, at the age of ninety-seven, about the year 
1831. 

His father, William Davis, born in Limington in 
1797, married Mary Waterhouse, of Gorham, and 
reared a family of six children, of whom William 
G. Davis is second. He was a man of resolution 
and strong force of character. In politics he was a 
Democrat, but preferred the quiet of a farm life to 
any political honors. Both he and his wife wore 
members of the Free Baptist Church in early life, 
and remained constant in their profession and pro- 
moters of church and like interests. 

William G. Davis was born in the town of Lim- 
ington, June 16, 1825. His boyhood was spent at 
.school and on the farm. At the age of fourteen he 
came to Portland and started a business life for him- 
self. He was first a clerk, then a baker, and after- 
wards for ten years a successful Yankee notion ped- 
dler, importing a portion of his goods and buying 
the remainder in New York and Boston. In 1859 



he located in Portland, and, with James P. Baxter 
as partner (Davis, Baxter &, Co.), engaged in business 
as a wholesale jobber of miscellaneous merchandi.se. 
He continued this business until 1866, the firm im- 
porting the greater part of their goods. In 1862 
this firm began the preservation of food products, 
and exported to Liverpool, England, in payment for 
im^iortations contracted for prior to the war. In this 
way was the business established which, under the 
name of the " Portland Packing Company," is still 
continued, and has been so successfully carried on. 

The exports of the Portland Packing Company 
reach all parts of the habitable globe, and are held 
in esteem alike by the rude natives of the Sandwich 
Islands and the epicureans of London and Paris. 

The operations of the company, like those of the 
Hudson's Bay Company, are carried on in remote 
localities; their factories being located from Cajie 
Sable, on the Nova Scotia shore, to the extreme east- 
erly point of Cape Breton, iis well as along the 
rugged shores of Slaine. 

Mr. Davis married, in 1849, Ilhoda Xeal, of Gardi- 
ner, Me. His children are Helen A. Davis, born 
1849 (deceiised); Walter E., born 1853 (deceased); 
Walter G., born 1857 ; Wm. X., born 1860 ; Charles 
A., born 1862 (deceased); Edith, born 1865; Flor- 
ence, born 1869 (deceasetl); Alice, born 1869 (de- 
ceased). 



CITY OF PORTLAND. 



211 




^c^^^y^ 



A 



Plintci. by Lnnisnii, 



(iA/t}7T7 c^yj^ 



GEORGE BURNHAM. 

John Burnham, grandson of John, the emigrant, born in 
1738, came from Ipswich, Mass., and settled in Portland 
(then Falmouth) about 1760. He contributed to the early 
enterprises of the then growing village, engaged in packing 
fish and in the cooper business. He is said to have built 
the first wharf in Portland harbor, which was destroyed by 
fire during the war for independence. He erected another, 
and an interest in it (Burnham's) has been retained by the 
family ever since. Mr. Burnham also built the first house 
in Portland after the destruction of the town by the Biitish 
fleet. He married Abigail Stickney, and reared a family- 
of eight sons and five daughters, nearly all the sons being 
seafaring men. He died of yellow fever, on the 29th of 
July, 1798. 

His son, Josiah, born Jan. 23, 1770, was married four 
times. His first wife was Lucy Berry, of Westbrook, by 
whom he had three sons, — John (deceased), Josiah (de- 
ceased"), and George, subject of this sketch, and two daugh- 
ters, — Harriet, wife of Alfred Soule, of Freeport, and Lucy, 
wife of Pierce Burr, of Freeport, both deceased. Hi.s wife 
died in 1808, aged forty-five. Josiah Burnham married for 
his third wife Ellen Jameson, by whom he had one daughter, 
— Ellen, — Mrs. Arnold Burrows, of Boston. He was a mer- 
chant at Freeport for some time, and for several years a re- 
spectable farmer of Durham, where he also carried on 
coopering, and sent his manufactured goods to Portland. 
While a citizen of that town he held the oiEcc of trial jus- 
tice, and was a representative in the State Legislature for 



several terms. He returned to Portland in 1834, whore he 
resided until his death, in 1843, aged seventy-tliree. 

George Burnham, only .surviving son of Josiah and Lucy 
(Berry) Burnham, was born in the town of Durham, Aug. 
20, 1801, and married Margaret Burr, of Freeport, in 1828. 
She was born in May, 1807. He came to Portland in 
1825, and in 1828 went into business as a cooper, which 
he continues in 1879, and occupies the cooper-shop built 
by his grandfather, John Burnham, in ]77(). For forty- 
four years he was inspector of fish at Portland, being ap- 
pointed by the Governor and Council in 1828. 

Mr. Burnham has led strictly a business life, having been 
for a little over a half-century an active, industrious, and judi- 
cious business man of Portland. His cliildren arc JLir'r.iret, 
George, Jr., Perez B., Josiah. and John. Perez B. mar- 
ried Elizabeth Best, of Portland. His cliildren are Harold 
C, Perez Burr, Jr., Margaret Elizabeth, George, and Amy 
Jameson. 



CAPTAIN JAMES RACKLKFF, 
one hundred years old at the time of writing this sketch of 
his life, and possessing, in a remarkable degree, tlie faculties 
of body and mind, being able to pen some parts and dictate 
the remainder of this narrative, Wiis born at Booth Bay, 
Nov. 6, 1779. He was son of Benjamin It. and Mary 
(Dodge) Rackleff, — the former a native of Scarborough, 
Me., the latter a native of Beverly, Mass. 

Very early in life James had a desire for the sea, and a 
great dislike for farming. At the age of fourteen he came 



212 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



to Portland, — accompanied with his uncle, Thomas Dodge, 
— without capital, but othciwisc fully piepaicd to meet the 
obstacles of life, and carve out a fortune for himself. He 
immediately obtained employment with Capt. Dillon, then 
engaged in a coasting and West Indies trade, at one dollar 
per month. With a robust constitution and willing hands 
he became a common sailor, and started life for himself. 
His honesty and manline-ss soon won the confidence of his 
superiors. He remained with Capt. Dillon for six years, 
and was made first mate of the vessel, and upon the death 
of the captain by yellow fever, at Boston, he took command 
of the vessel, laden with molasses, and sailed her safely to 
Portland. Many instances are related where his services 
as an excellent .swimmer, and, by his daring and courage. 




cJ 



Wv^ cA 



(Rcur-tti 



have saved the lives of those who had fallen overboard, or 
were in danger of losing their life by accident at sea. 

At the age of twenty-five he took command of a vessel, 
and for the next fifteen years did a coasting and West 
Indies trade. Capt. Rackleflf followed the sea for some 
thirty years, and upon retiring therefrom began business 
in Portland, on Ingraham's Wharf, as a wholesale and retail 
grocer ; but after a short time gave up business to his son 
Charles, and engaged in real-estate operations and building, 
and for many years was one of the most active business 
men of Portland, and interested in all local enterprises 
connected with the city. 

He has lived to watch a village of a few hundred become 
the metropolis of a State; to see .schools, colleges, and 
churches founded, and their influences reach, after long 
years, the remotest parts of the habitable globe ; to see 
steamships supplant sailing-vessels, railways take the place 
of the ox-team, the telegraph, and nearly all of the great in- 
ventions now in use brought into successful operation. lie 
married, Feb. 20, 1805, Olive Basteen. Of this union were 



born two children, who reached manhood and womanhood, 
viz., Jane, wife of Allen Haines, and Charles Uacklcfl". 
His wife, born March 1, 178:!, died Oct. 9, ISGO. Charles 
Rackleff married Mary, daughter of Rev. Elias Nelson, a 
Baptist clergyman, of Jay, Me. He died Nov. 23, 1844, aged 
thirty-seven, leaving an only son, James L. RackleiF, who 
married Marcia Woodman, daughter of Nathaniel J. Miller, 
of Portland, and who has been connected with the United 
States Internal Revenue service since 18G2 as assistant as- 
sessor, acting assessor, and deputy collector, which latter 
office he has held since 1874. 



COL. JAMES F. MILLER 

was born in the town of Hollis, York Co., Me., Oct. 13, 
1831, the fourth child of the Hon. Nathaniel J. and Mary 
Miller. He received his academical course of study at the 
Gorham and Limerick Academies. Entered Bowdoin Col- 
lege in 1852, and graduated in 1856. Read law in the 
office of Fessenden & Butler, at Portland. After his ad- 
mission to the bar, in 1858, he opened a law-office at Port- 
land in company with Wni. G. Chadbourn, and practiced 




his profession up to the commencement of the late war. 
He then became military secretary of Governor Washburn. 
In 1862 he was appointed adjutant-general in the United 
States service, and assigned to the Department of the Gulf, 
where he served as military secretary to Governor Shepley 
for some time, and was subsequently mayor of New Or- 
leans for one year, and assistant adjutant-general under 
Gen. Butler, at Norfolk, Va. Resigning tliis position in 
the army, on account of his health, he returned to Port- 



CITY OF POETLAND. 



213 



land in July, 1865, resuiuod the practice of law, and was 
elected llepiesentativo from the city in the fall ol' the 
same year, and re-elected in 1866. He was married Oct. 
30, 1865, to Charlotte A. Cummings, daughter of the Hon. 
Nathan Cummings. They have two children, — Nathan 
and Ralph W. 



Mr. Miller was a staunch Repuhlican in politics, wa.s po.s- 
ses.sed of fine executive ability, and fiir the time he wa.s in 
the practice of his chosen profession took a high position. 
He was of a genial, social disposition, and his early death, 
which occurred Dec. 12, 1873, was sorely felt by the mem- 
bers of his flimily and a large circle of acrpiaintance. 




Z. K. HARMON, 

son of Daniel and Mary (True) Harmon, was born in 
Durham, then Cumberland Co., Maine, Nov. 11, 1816. 
His grandfather, Daniel, a native of Scarborough, settled 
in the town of Standish, and was a soldier in the Revolu- 
tionary war. He afterwards removed to Durham with his 
family, where he died. His father, Daniel, born in 1778, was 
a farmer by occupation, and reared a family of seven sons 
and two daughters. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, 
was a worthy citizen of Durham and a leading Methodist, 
held many town offices, was a trial justice of the peace, and 
a representative in the State Legislature. He died in 1848. 
Z. K. Harmon spent his boyhood on the farm and at 
school. At the age of eighteen he began learning the 
printer's trade at Brunswick, and af\er three years' appren- 
ticeship, upon reaching his majority, went to St. Charles, 
Missouri, where he was a clerk for two years. Returning 
to Portland, he was a clerk for several years in the county 
clerk's office. In 1850 he became a partner with the late 
Freeman Bradford, as solicitor of claims. This partner- 
ship was continued for twelve years, since which time he 
has been in business alone. During the past twenty-five 
years, besides acting as solicitor of claims, he has completed, 
for the use of the State, the muster-roll of the officers and 



privates in the service of the District of Maine in the war of 
1812-14. The ta.sk needed to be done, and has been faith- 
fully performed. The list is very complete, giving the names, 
residence, date of entry and discharge, and service performed 
of every man called into the field, or for garrison duty 
during " the second war of independence." It is embraced 
in a large and handsome folio of four hundred and twenty 
pages, which found its proper place in the adjutant-general's 
office. He has a more intimate acquaintance with the army 
rolls of 1812 than any other man in the State, and has filed 
six hundred pension claims under the act of March S), 
1878. 

Mr. Harmon has been prominently identified with the 
" Ancient Brothers' Lodge, I. 0. O. F.," since 1845, with 
the " Machigonne Encampment" since its organization, 
and was a charter member of " Atlantic Lodge" of Free 
Masons, of which organization he has been a member for 
over a quarter-century. 

He married, Nov. 29, 1846, Harriet A., daughter of 
Isaac and Mary (Little) Davis, of Portland. Their chil- 
dren are Charles C, member of the firm of Loring, Short 
& Harmon, booksellers and stationers; Sarah, wife of 
George W. Hcrrick, of Boston ; and William K., in the 
government employ in South Africa. 



HISTORY 

OF THE 

TOWNS AND VILLAGES OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY. 



BALDWIN. 



ORIGINAL GRANT AND BOUNDARIES. 

The town of Baldwin, formerly called Flintstown, was 
incorporated June 23, 1802, and was named in honor of 
Loammi Baldwin, one of the proprietors. The surface, 
which is low in the south and east, rises gradually in broken 
ridges toward the Saddleback Mountain in the north. The 
original grant was made Feb. 8, 1774, to Samuel Whitti- 
more, Amos Lawrence, and others, and provided that they 
should set aside one-sixty-fourth each, for the use of the 
ministry, for the first settled minister, for the use of the 
grammar school, and for the use of Harvard University, and 
should settle 30 families thereon within six years. The 
town originally comprised 36,380 acres, of which 5600 were 
excluded as bogs and mountains. In 1780 a further ex- 
tension of six years was allowed for settlement. It was 
bounded by Standish and Sebago Lake on the east, Ray- 
mond, Otisfield, Bridgton, and Denmark on the north, 
Brownfield and Prescott's grant (now Hiram) on the west, 
and the Saco River on the south. A part of Sebago has 
since been taken off'. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The first settlement was made by Lieut. Benjamin In- 
galls, who began an improvement near the centre of the 
town in 1773, on the farm now occupied by J. Millikcn, 
near the old Pierce homestead ; Lieut. Ligalls was com- 
missioned in a British regiment by Governor Francis Bar- 
nard, of Massachusetts, in 1761. Soon after his settlement he 
removed to the ferry farther up the river, locating perma- 
nently near Ingalls' Pond, where his son, Samuel Ingalls, 
still lives. He was followed by Capt. John C. Flint, Bar- 
tholomew Thorn, Jonathan Thorn, William .^idford, 
Ephraim Larrabee, and Joseph Richardson, previous to 
1780. 

On the renewal of the grant, in 1780, Josiah Pierce, Esq., 
one of the principal proprietors, turned his attention to the 
development of the estate, and engaged largely in lumbering. 
A heavy growth of wiiite pine covered the entire town, and 
constituted its chief value. He built three saw-mills, one 
of which was on Quaker Brook , afterwards owned by Isaac 
Dyer. His store was the first, and for many years the 
only one in the town. 
214 



William Thorn, the first white child born in the town, 
was presented with 1 00 acres of land by the proprietors. 

Mr. Pierce, no doubt, induced the required settlement, 
as previous to 1802 are found the names of Eleazer Flint, 
Lot Davis, Stephen Burnell, Samuel Black, Jonathan San- 
born, Josiah Millikin, David and Ephraim Brown, Eben- 
ezer Lord, Jacob Clark, and Chase Wiggins. Many who 
came to lumber made no permanent settlement. 

The earliest marriage recorded was that of Jonathan 
Sanborn, Jr., to I<llizabeth Thorn, by Josiah Pierce, Esq., 
Dec. 15, 1795. 

The early settlers found Indians living near Ingalls' Pond 
and the falls, among whom were Swanson, and tlie famous 
squaw, jMollocket. 

A tavern was opened near the Pierce place by Richard 
Fitch, and became a centre for all gatherings. The militia 
in everyday homespun and their officers in uniform as- 
sembled there to train or to start on their night march, 
under Captain Edward Small, for general muster at Ray- 
mond. The first post-office was established at the tavern, 
with Richard Fitch, postmaster. 

THE OLD PIERCE HOUSE, 

built by Josiah Pierce in 1785, and finished in 1787, is 
still occupied by his descendants, with but little alteration 
in its exterior. Col. Baldwin, of Woburn, laid the founda- 
tion carefully to the pointy of compass. The house is now 
owned by a grand.son, Josiah Pierce, a resident of London, 
England. A few rods to the northwest of the house, in a 
grove of elm, willow, and pine, is the Pierce family bury- 
ing-ground. Here rest the remains of the popular father 
of the town, who died Jan. 23, 1830. Beside him are 
his father, who died in 1799, and his mother, who was also 
the mother of Count Rumford. Two sons and a daughter 
are buried here. A third, Hon. Josiah Pierce, has been 
an honored member of both branches of the State Legisla- 
ture, and for many years judge of probate lor Cumberland 
County. To the northwest, within speaking distance, 
stands the old Fitch House, tlioroughly modernized, and 
just behind it, on the side-hill, is a brown slate-stone, bear- 
ing the inscription, " Richard Fitch, Esq. Born 17G4; 
died 1854." Near by, to the east, another private yard 





JOHN W.FLINT. 



( PM0T05 BV COHANT. ) 



MRS. JOHN W FLINT. 




Rf.sidence of 



TOWN OF BALDWIN. 



215 



contains the remains of Capt. Sylvanus Baeheldor, died 
Feb. 3, 1868, aged ninety years, Epiiraim Baeheldor, and 
the early dead of their families. 

There is a fine cemetery at West Baldwin, rej;ularly l;iid 
out and well kept. Besides, there are some twenty [)rivate 
burying-grounds in different parts of the town. 

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS. 
WEST BALDWIN, 

a station on the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, con- 
tains twenty residences, a store, a post-ofEce, blacksraitli- 
and cooper-shops, a Methodist Episcopal Church, a school- 
house, and a cemetery. Below the village, near the Saco 
River, is the West Baldwin Depot. To the rear rises a 
circle of hills, forming the spurs of Saddleback Mountain. 

BALDWIN. 

At " Old Baldwin," now a side-track and half a dozen 
houses, where the station was first established, R. T. Chase 
opened a store on the opening of the railroad. The place 
was abandoned in 1876, for Baldwin, two miles farther 
west. There is at Baldwin R. T. Chase's store, a liarncss- 
shop, and three dwellings. 

EAST BALDWIN, 

with its level streets, shady groves, neat buildings with open 
yards, beautiful church, and white fences inclosing the 
fields, presents an appearance inviting to the stranger. The 
place dates back to the opening of a tannery by Nathaniel 
Sawyer and a store by Lot Davis and his successor, Josiah 
Chadbourne, who was a leading business man and politi- 
cian. There are here two stores, post-ofEce, the Saco River 
House, a summer hotel, opened by Gardner R. Norton in 
1878, a corn-packing factory, school, and a dozen dwellings. 
Col. Charles P. Mattocks, of Portland, established a shoot- 
ing-range here in 1871. The place is a growing summer 
resort. 

North Baldwin is a post-ofEce ou the Sebago stage-road 
from East Baldwin. 

TOWN-MEETING AND OFFICERS. 
At the first election, held at the inn of Richard Fitch, 
Aug. 30, 1802, Ephraim Baeheldor was chosen Modera- 
tor ; Ephraim Baclieldor, Zebulon Larrabee, William Fitch, 
Ephraim Brown, and Daniel Potter, Selectmen ; Joshua 
Larrabee, Town Clerk; Simeon Harding, Treasurer ; Syl- 
vanus Baeheldor, Constable and Collector. 

SELECTMEN. 

1802.— Ephraim Baeheldor, Zcbulon Larrabee, Win. Fitcli, Ephniiiii 

Brown, David Potter. 
180.3. — Josiah Pierce, Esq., Ephraim Baeheldor, Ephraim Brown. 
1801.— Joshua Larrabee, William Fitch, Ephraim Baeheldor. 
18Dj.— Joshua Larrabee, William Fiteh, Ephraim Baeheldor, Joseph 

Richardson, Ephraim Brown. 
1806.— David Potter, David Brown, Josiah Richardson. 
1807-8.— William Fiteh, David Brown, Joseph Richardson. 
1809.— William Fiteh, David Brown, Ephraim Flint. 
1810. — Joseph Richardson, Ephraim Brown, Ephraim Baeheldor. 
1811.— Ephraim Baeheldor, Col. Davis Potter, Joseph Richardson. 
1812.— Joseph Richardson, Zel.ulon Larrabee, Samuel Sawyer. 
1,S13-17.— Josiah Pierce, William Fitch, Joseph Richard.-^on. 
1818. — Josiah Pierce, William Fitch, Nathan Sawyer. 



1819.— Josiah Pierce, William Fiteh, Lot Davis. 

1820-21. — Lot Davis, Joseph Richardson, Nathan Sawyer. 

1822.— Lot Davis, Ephraim Flint, Oliver M. Pike. 

1S2.3-24.— William Fiteh, Lot Davis, Joseph Richardson, Jr. 

1825. — Nathan Sawyer, Rufus Sanborn, Nathan Sawyer. 

1826.- Lot Davis, Rufus Sanborn, Reuben Brown. 

1827. — Nathan Sawyer, Reuben Brown, John Goodwin. 

1828.— Nathan Sawyer, Rufus Sanborn, Samuel Ingalls. 

1829-30.- Ephraim Flint, Reuben Brown, Samuel Ingalls. 

1831.— Ephraim Flint, Samuel Ingalls, Joshua Chadbourne. 

18.32. — Samuel Ingalls, Rufus Sanborn, Daniel Davis. 

1833.- Ephraim Flint, Nathaniel Sawyer, Reuben Brown. 

1834. — Ephraim Flint, ,'^amuel Ingalls, Nathaniel Sawyer. 

1835. — Ephraim Flint, Nathaniel Sawyer, Peter Cram. 

1836. — Ephraim Flint, Reuben Brown, Asa Sanborn. 

1837.— Ephraim Flint, Reuben Brown, James Norton (to fill vacancy), 

Rufus Sanborn, Nathan Sawyer. 
1838-39.— Samuel Ingalls, Nathan Sawyer, Oliver Staples. 
1840-41. — Samuel Ingalls, David Paine, Peter Sanborn. 
1842.— Reuben Brown, Rufus Sanborn, John Rankins. 
1843. — Reuben Brown, James Norton, Albert Sanborn. 
1844. — Samuel Ingalls, James Norton, John Burnell, Jr. 
1845. — James Norton, John Burnell, Jr., Peter Cram. 
1846. — Ephraim Flint, Christopher D. Sawyer, James Sanborn. 
1847. — Reuben Brown, .lames Norton, Enoch Sanborn. 
1848-49.- Christopher 1). Sawyer, Cyrus S. Brown, Jonathan Burnell. 
1850. — Christopher D. Sawyer, Albert Sanborn, John H. Stokes. 
1851 — Cyrus S. Brown, John II. Stokes, Albert Sanborn. 
1852. — Cyrus S. Brown, Benjamin Sawyer, James Norton. 
1853.— Cyrus S. Brown, Christopher D. Sawyer, L. T. Sanborn. 
1854. — Christopher D. Sawyer, Thomas Binford, IchaboJ Cousins. 
1855. — Cyrus S. Brown, James Norton, Daniel T. Richardson. 
1856. — James Norton, Cyrus S. Brown, Ebenezer Sawyer, Jr. 
1857. — Cyrus S. Brown, Ebenezer Sawyer, Jr., James Weed. 
1858.— Daniel T. Richard.son, Ebenezer Sawyer, Jr., Thom.-i.-! Binford. 
1859.— Cyrus S. Brown, N. P. Burnell, James Norton. 
I860.— John Burnell, Josiah Milliken, Thomas Murch. 
1861.— Daniel T. Richardson, Cyrus S. Brown, John Flint. 
1862. — Joseph Ridlon, Josiah Milliken, Andrew Ingalls. 
1863.— Josiah Milliken, Daniel T. Flint, Daniel Wiggin. 
1864.— Josiah Milliken, Alden B. Sanborn, Francis L. Ward. 
1865-66. — Daniel T. Richardson, Benjamin Sawyer, Geo. W. Sanborn. 
1867.— Daniel T. Riehardson, Ebenezer Sawyer, Jr., Alfred S. Cousins. 
1868. — James Nelson, Thomas Murch, Marshall Baldwin. 
1869. — Daniel T. Richardson, Daniel Wiggins, Samuel Staples. 
1870.— Joseph Ridlon, James Norton, Marshall S. Cram. 
1871.— James Norton, John Wiggins, Samuel Staples. 
1872. — Samuel Staples, James Norton, George Burnell. 
1873. — George Burnell, Elwyn F. Sawyer, James Martin. 
1874. — Leander E. Cram, Daniel T. Richardson, John S. Cram. 
1875-76.— Leander E. Cram, Elias M. Noble, Albion P. Murch. 
1877-78.— Leander E. Cram, Appleton N. Burnell. Jas. M.Sanborn. 
1879.— Leander E. Cram, Appleton N. Burnell, .lohn E. Cartrett. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Simon Harding, 1802; Joshua Larrabee, 1803-4 ; William Fitch, 1805; 
Josiah Pierce, 1806-19 j Lot Davis, 1820-22; Ephraim Brown, 
1823-24; Lot Davis, 1825-26 ; John Goodwin, 1827 ; Samuel In- 
galls, 1828-34; Joshua Chadbourne, 1835; James Norton, 183B- 
39; Christopher D. Sawyer, 1840-41 ; John B. Stockman, 1842; 
Samuel Ingalls, 1843; Christopher D. Sawyer, 1844-45; John B. 
Marr, 1846; Rufus N.Sanborn, 1847; John B. Marr, 1848-49; 
Daniel T. Richardson, 1850-54; James Norton, 1855; Daniel T. 
Richardson, 1856-63; Joseph Ridlon, Elbridgo G. Noble (to fill 
vacancy), 1864 ; Dan'l T. Richardson, 1865-67 ; Elbridge G. Noble, 
1868 ; Henry B. Flint, 1869-70 ; Henry B. Flint, Daniel T. Rich- 
ardson (to fill vacancy), 1871 ; Daniel T. Richardson, 1872 ; Lean- 
der E. Cram, 187.3-76; Albert W. Burnell, 1877-78; Daniel T. 
Richardson. 1879. 

CONSTABLES AND COLLECTORS. 

Sylvanus Baeheldor, 1802-3; Josmh Sanborn, 1804: Ephraim Flint, 
1805; David Potter, 1806; Col. David Potter, John Burnell, 1807; 
MorrellUobs, 1808-10; John Burucll, 1811-12; Benjamin Brown, 



216 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



1813-15; David Putter, ISIB; John Burncll, 1817-20 ; lienjiuuin 
Brown, John Burnoll, con?., 1821 : Joseph llaniing, John Good- 
win, cons., 1822; Benjamin Brown, 1823; John Burnell, S. G. 
Usher, cons., 1824; S. G. Usher, Noah Randall, cons., 1825 ; Noah 
Randall, 1826; Benjamin Larrabee, 1827; Josiah F. Sanborn, 
1828; Abnor Dow, 1829; John F. Sanborn, 1830; Levi Brown, 
1831-32 ; Ephraim Flint, Josiah F. Sanborn, cons., 1833 ; Eph- 
raim Flint, 1834; Ephraim Flint, Abnor Dow, cons., 1835; 
Josiah T. Sanborn, Jonathan Burnell, cons., 1836; Albert San- 
born, 1837; Rufus Sanborn, Albert Sanborn, cons., 1838-39 ; Al- 
bert Sanborn, 1840 ; John Goodwin, Albert Sanborn, cons., 1841 ; 
James Noble, Christopher D. Sawyer, cons., 1842; Ebenezer 
Morrell, Christopher D. Sawer (to fill vacancy), 1843 ; Enoch San- 
born, Edward R. Bacheldor, cons., 1844; Enoch Sanborn, Ed- 
ward R. Bacheldor, and Isaac Dyer, Jr., cons., 1845; Nathan 
Sawyer, Edward R. Bacheldor, cons., 1846; Abishai Flint, John 
Clement, cons., 1847; Robert T. Boynton, Edward R. Bacheldor, 
cons., 1848-49; Henry Rowe, Israel Record, cons., 1850 ; Henry 
Rowe, Andrew J. Ricker, cons., 1851 ; Henry Rowe, Samuel M. 
Sawyer, cons., 1852; Andrew J. Rloker, 1853-54; Ichabod Cou- 
sins, Jr., Andrew J. Ricker, cons., 1855 ; Cyrus F. Burnell, An- 
drew J. Ricker, cons., 1856-57; Ichabod Cousins, Jr., Andrew J. 
Ricker, cons., 1858; George W. Sanborn, 1859-60; Andrew J. 
Ricker, 1861; Elbridge 6. Noble, 1862 ; Andrew J. Ricker, 1863; 
Joscs H. Milliken, 1864-68; Richard T. Chase, Joses H. Milli- 
ken, cons., 1869; Joses H. Milliken, Andrew J. Ricker, cons., 
1870 ; Joses H. Milliken, 1871 ; Hiram Gatchell, 1872 ; Joses H. 
Milliken, 187.3-77; George W. Sanborn, 1878-79. 

TREASURERS. 
Simeon Harding, 180.3-4; Ephraim Bacheldor, 1806-9 ; John Burnell, 
1810; Ei)hraim Bacheldor, 1811-15; Ephraim Brown, 1816-26; 
Nathan Sawyer, 1827-28; David Brown, 1829; Sylvanus Bach- 
eldor, 1830-32 ; Ephraim Flint, 1833-37; Rufus Sanborn, 1838-39; 
Joshua Chadbourne, 1840; John Goodwin, 1841-43 ; Enoch San- 
born, 1844-45; Nathan Sawyer, 1846; Abishai Flint, 1847; 
Robert T. Boynton, 1848-49; Henry Rowe, 1850-52; Cyrus F. 
Burnell, 185,3-54; Cyrus S. Brown, 1855; Cyrus F. Burnell, 
1856-58; John Burnell, 1859; John Flin', 1860-61; Eleazer 
Flint, Jr. (vacancy), 1861 ; Eleazer Flint, Jr., 1862-63 ; Enoch 
Sanborn, 1864; Eleazer Flint, Jr., 1865-70; Joses H. Milliken, 
1871-72; Ebon Sawyer, Jr., 1873; Joses H. Milliken, 1874-76; 
Oliver Murch, 1877-79. 

RELIGIOUS. 
METHODIST EPI.SCOPAU CHURCH. 

Methodist meetings were held in Baldwin, by Rev. Mr. 
Soule, afterwards Bishop Soule, as early as 1795, and by 
Rev. Asa Heath, in 1802 ; but no organization was effected 
previous to 1807. The first class included John Burnell 
and wife, Joseph and Samuel Sally, Samuel and Lavinia 
Burnell, Eleazer and Sally Mark, Ezekiel Milliken, Ephraim 
and Abigail Wiley, Mary Lowell, Sylvanus Bacheldor, 
Jonathan Wentworth, Isaac and Anna Strout. From the 
organization to the present time services have been regu- 
larly held, by the pastors of Conway and subsequent cir- 
cuits, as follows : 

Lewis Bates, 1806; Samuel Baker, 1807; William Hunt, 
P. E., Philip Mungcr, 1809 ; Philip Ayer, Charles Virgin, 
1810; Robert Hayes, 1811; Francis Deane, 1812; Ben- 
jamin Hazelton, 1813; John Vickcry, 1814; Josiah Scar- 
ritt, 1815; James Jaques, 1816; Eleazer Steele, 1817; 
John Lord, 1818; Benjamin Buruham, 1819-20; Job 
Pratt, 1821; Benjamin Brown, 1822; Gorham Greely, 
1823 ; John Briggs, 1824-25 ; Silas Finch, T. Ayers, 182G ; 
Nathaniel P. Devercaux, Daniel Fuller, 1827; Owen Bent, 
Moses Lufkin, 1828; Daniel Crockett, 1829; George D. 
Strout, 1830-32 ; Amos Rollins, 1831 ; James Harrington, 



1833 ; John McDyker, 1834-35; William Brown, 1836 ; 

George D. Strout, 1837-38 ; Rice, 1839 ; Yates, 

Henry Linscott, 1840 ; H. W. Macomber, 1841 ; S. Bent, 
A. Turner, 1843 ; S. Bent, 1844 ; M. D. Jones, 1845-46; 
John Cobb, C. Mugford, 1848; Augustus Sanborn, 1849; 
Simeon W. Pearce, 1850-51 ; John M.Woodbury, 1852- 
53; Benjamin Lupkin, 1854-55; Swanton Ranks, 1856- 
57; Solomon V. Gerry, 1858-59; John M.Woodbury, 
1860-61 ; Samuel R. Berry, 1862-63; S. S. Gray, 1864; 
S. F. Short, 1865 ; Hezekiah Chase, 1866-67 ; John H. 
Griffin, 1868-69; Nathan Andrews, 1870-71; Alvah 
Cook, 1872; Marcus Wright, 1873; D. M. Do Hughes, 
1874-75; Isaac Lord, 1876-77; J. Albert Corey, 1878; 
George C. Andrews, 1879. The present membership is 38, 
besides which there is a class under the leadership of An- 
drew J. Ricker, at East Baldwin, numbering 10 members. 
The church was built by Joseph Richardson and Samuel 
Richardson, and dedicated by Rev. James Lewis, of Gor- 
ham, Jan. 1, 1828. The church was rebuilt in 1864. 

Present officers : Andrew Ricker, Stephen Burnell, 
Stewards. 

A class was formed at North Baldwin, in 1838, by Rev. 
Augustus Sanborn, with Eleazer Smith, class-leader, and 
David Paine, wife and daughter, James and Rufus San- 
born, William Thorn, and Haskett Murch, members. A 
Union church was erected at " Beach Corner" by Moses 
Parker and James M. Sanborn, for the Methodist, and 
Isaac R. Wiggin, William Binford, for the Baptist soci- 
ety, trustees, at an expense of $1400, and dedicated by 
Rev. Marcus Wright, Nov. 1, 1874. The present officers • 
are Jiimes M. Sanborn, class-leader and steward; Luther 
McOrison, steward. Present membership, 16. 

The Hill Chapel class was the result of a revival under 
the preaching of Rev. Dallas M. De Hughes. Of the 20 
who formed the class, there were but three old members. 
Joseph E. Parker was chosen leader. Services were held 
at the residence of Mr. Leonard Rowe, for two years, 
until the completion of their chapel, which was dedicated 
May 8, 1878, by Rev. Israel Luce. The pulpit has since 
been filled by the class-leader, and Rev. Hepry Linscott, a 
superannuated minister. Membership, 20. Trustees : Isaac 
R. Wiggin, William Wentworth, Joseph Parker. 

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH OF CHRIST. 

Through the exertions of Mr. S. G. Usher and Jona- 
than G. Paine, an ecclesiastical council was convened at 
the hou.se of Capt. Artemiis Richardson, May 16, 1821. 
Rev. Nathan Church was chosen moderator, and Josiah G. 
Merrill scribe. The new candidates for membership were 
Mrs. Mary Raddin, Mrs. Betsey Fitch, John C. Flint 
and wife. Miss Sally Flint, Mrs. Joseph Richardson, Jr., 
Ephraim Brown and wife, and Ephraim Flint. 

Mrs. Charlotte Flint and Ephraim Brown and wife 
joined by letter from the church at Standish. Ephraim 
Brown was made moderator, Jonathan Paine scribe, Jo- 
seph Richardson, Jr., and Ephraim Flint deacons. At 
the sacrament of the Lord's Supper, administered in July, 
by Rev. David Miirralt, Mrs. Bcnaire Davis, Mrs. Han- 
nah Wingatc, Mrs. Abncr Dow, Eleazer Flint, and many 
others, were admitted to the church. Jonathan G. Paine 



TOWN OF BALDWIN. 



217 



joined soon after. Kev. Noah Emerson, the first regular 
pastor, was installed June 1, 1825, the ceremony taking 
place in a beautiful grove of pines near the old school-house 
where meetings were held. Ephraim Brown and Deacons 
Ephraim Flint and Joseph Richardson, were chosen elders, 
Jan. 1, 1826. The death of S. G. Usher, in 182G, and 
Jonathan G. Paine, in 1827, was the loss of two leading 
members. 

In 1832 the first building was erected on Meadow 
Brook, by Deacon Enoch Holden, and dedicated by a 
grand council-meeting. Rev. Mr. Emerson held the pas- 
torate until 184tt, during which time Rev. John H. Gai- 
man supplied his pulpit for three years. Rev. Cyril Pearl 
was installed as pastor, Jan. 1, 1850. Mr. Pearl remained 
for five years. He left the church without a regular pastor 
until 1871, when Rev. Elkanah Walker came from Oregon, 
on the .solicitation of his son, Joseph E. Walker, then a 
theological student, who had occasionally supplied this 
charge. Soon after the old church was abandoned, and a 
movement was instituted by the ladies of the society to 
build a new church. A beautiful grove, comprising hall 
an acre of land, at East Baldwin Station, was donated by 
Joshua Chadbourne, of San Francisco, Cal., son of one of 
the pioneers of the town, and a building erected by the 
ladies, at an expense of §3000, and dedicated June 13, 
1877, by Rev. Mr. Lamson, of Worcester, Mass. The 
communion service was presented by the granddaughters 
of Mrs. Phoebe Thompson Pierce, who was one of the 
first members of the church in Baldwin. Rev. Richard 
W^ickett was installed as pastor, which position he still 
honors. There have been 42 members added to the church 
in the last two years. 

The present officers are Mrs. Eliza A. Richardson, Clerk ; 
Stephen P. Douglass, Paris Ward, Charles McKinney, 
Deacons; Trustees: Susan A. Brown, Treasurer; Phoebe 
T. Flint, Mrs. Eliza A. Richardson. 

SCHOOLS. 
The first school-teacher in Baldwin was Joseph Rich- 
ardson, who taught in his own house, in 1795. In 1805 
six districts were organized. In 1819 the school com- 
mittee were restricted from paying any money to any dis- 
trict not having "aschool-hou.se 18 by 24, well boarded 
or shingled outside, ceiled to the windows and plastered 
inside, with seats, writing-tables, and a desk for the mas- 
ter, a good chimney, panel door, and window-shutters out- 



side." The report of Daniel T. Richardson, Leander E. 
Cram, and William GitchcU, Superintending School Com- 
mittee for 1878, show that there are 12 school districts, 
comprising 370 scholars. There are 9 good school-houses, 
supplied with modern conveniences, and schools are well 

I attended. There was raised for their .support, in 1878, 
— by as.se.ssnient, $1000 ; for interest on school fund, in- 

j vested in town securities, 871.57 ; from the State school 
fund, $609.54. A town-hou,se was built, on land donated 
by John S. Chase, in 1850. The town has also a farm for 
the care of the poor. 

ASSOCIATIONS. 

PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. 

Mount Etna Grange, No. 147, organized April 8, 
1875. Officers: Alden B. Sanborn, JIaster; John E. 
Cartrett, Sec. ; Anna Sanborn, Ceres. Present member- 
ship, 40. 

Ephraim Flint, Esq., the only lawyer of the town, loft 
for a larger field in 1843. 

Among the earlier merchants have been Josiah Pierce, 
Lot Davis, J. Larrabee, John Burnell, Joseph Tyler, 
Joshua Chadbourne. Pre.scnt — Stephen Burnell, Post- 
master, West Baldwin ; Daniel T. Richardson, Postmaster, 
S. G. Sawyer, East Baldwin ; R. F. Chase, Postmaster, 
Baldwin ; James Weed, North Baldwin. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Fred. Harding, carriage stufis ; established 1839. R. 
Flint, spokes and tree-nails. A. N. Burnell, boards, shin- 
gles, staves; establi.shod 1834. Peter W. Binford, wheel- 
wright; established 1869. Edward and Samuel Richard- 
son, saw- and grist-mill. Israel Richardson, cooperage ; es- 
tablished 1839. C. Parker, staves; established 1827. E. & 
A. Weed, blacksmiths' nails. A. & P. B. Young, lumber ; 
established by J. Pierce, 1786. Frank Wood, staves and 
boxes. R. & N. Sanborn, shingles, staves, and cooperage; 
established 1876. Burnham & Morrill, of Portland, canned 
sweet corn ; established 1877. 

PHYSICIANS. 
The first physicians of the town were Dr. Joseph Ben- 
ton and Dr. Louis Whitney. Dr. James Norton, who 
commenced the practice of medicine at East Baldwin in 
1835, is still the sole physician of the town. 



28 



218 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 





Photus. by Conant, Portland. 



REUBEN nUOWN. 



MRS. REUBEN BROWN. 



REUBEN BROWN, 
son of David Brown, was born in the town of Baldwin, in 
1792 ; spent his minority at home, attending the district 
school and working on the farm. After reacliing his ma- 
jority he learned the carpenters' and joiners' trade, which 
he subsequently followed in connection with fiirming. He 
married Annis, daughter of Richard and Sarah Pierce, of 
the town of Standish. Of this union were born three 



children, — Electa, Orestes, and Trivilla. Only the youngest 
is living (in 1879). In 187.5, Mr. and Mrs. Brown cele- 
brated their golden wedding, having been married fifty years, 
and during the same year he died. 

Mr. Brown was a man of sterling integrity and correct 
habits. He was held in high esteem as a citizen of his 
town, was selectman for several years, and in 1827 served 
one term in the State Legislature. 



BRIDGTON. 



GllANT AND LOCATION OP THE TOWN. 

In the year 1761 the Legislature of Massachusetts passed 
an act granting to Benjamin Milliken, Moody Bridges, and 
Thomas Perley, agents for the legal representatives of Capt. 
John Tyler and 56 others, soldiers and officers in the 
Canada expedition of 1090, a township of land east of Saco 
River. They proceeded to lay out a tract adjoining the 
town of Pickwocket, now Fryeburg, nine miles in length 
by six and a half miles in width, lying on both sides of 
Long Pond, containing 37,440 acres. Their selection was 
confirmed by the Legislature, June 25, 1765, with the 
provision that a sixty-fourth part each should be set apart 
for the first settled minister, for the support of the min- 
istry, and for Harvard College, and that they settle 30 
families, build a house of worship, and settle a learned 
Protestant minister within six years. During the next 
year that part west of Long Pond was surveyed in lots 
half a mile long and one Imndred rods wide, under the 
direction of Moody Bridges, Richard Peabody, and Col. 



Thomas Poor. The town was then allotted in 86 equal 
shares among the 61 proprietors, one each for the minister, 
for the ministry, for the support of schools, for Harvard 
College, for the first settler in the township, and the re- 
maining 20, lying east of Long Pond, now in Harrison, 
they held undivided. To encourage settlement they offered 
100 acres of this land to each settler who should clear 12 
acres of land, erect a hou.se, and settle his family thereon 
before 1771. In 1767 a road was opened, sufiicient for 
passage on horseback, from Long Pond to Pearsontown 
Fort, at Standish Corner, and the name of Pondicherry, a 
name derived from a city in Coraniandol, Asia, by which it 
had been fir.st known, abandoned for that of Bridgton, in 
honor of Moody Bridges, proprietors' clerk and a leading 
spirit in the enterprise. 

KARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The first settler was Capt. Benjamin Kimball, a sailor, 
who came from Ipswich, Mass., in the spring of 1768, 



TOWN OF BRIDGTON. 



219 



under an agreement with the proprietors to settle in the 
township by tlie 10th of June, and build a convenient 
house lor the entertainment of travelers by the 10th of 
September, to keep a store of goods, and also to build a 
sailboat of two tons' burden, with which he should hold 
himself in readiness to carry passengers and goods between 
the "carrying place" in Pearsontown* and the head of 
Long Pond for a term of six years. For this service one 
" right" of land, comprising about 435 acres, was conveyed 
to him by the first deed drawn by the proprietors, and 
bearing date: "The Sixth Day of April, in the eighth 
Year of the Eeign of Sovereign Lord George the third," 
etc., 1768; and two shillings sixpence a trip for his boat, 
six shillings a day for himself and five for an assistant. 
His assistant was Stephen Gates, from Andover, Mass., 
who afterwards settled on lot 6, range 7. 

Mr. Kimball kept an inn and small store of the most 
needed goods at the head of Long Pond, ran his boat and 
traded with the Indians until disabled by paraly.sis, from 
which he died in 1S02. 

Timothy Gates, brother to Stephen, came at the same 
time, living a roving life in the woods until the outbreak 
of the war, when he enlisted. He was afterwards known 
as Sergeant Gates. 

Jacob Stevens came from Andover with his .sons during 
the summer and built a saw-mill and grist-mill at the outlet 
of Crotched Pond, receiving from the proprietors five acres 
of land along that stream, one " right" of land, and lot 
No. 8 in range 4, with the sole privilege of the stream so 
long as he should keep the mills in repair. From these 
mills, which were near the mouth of the stream, it took 
its name of Stevens' Brook. Sir. Stevens and his boys 
kept house for themselves, his wife remaining in Andover 
with her aged mother. In 1777 his daughter Elizabeth, 
who was but four years old when he left home, came to 
Bridgton to be their housekeeper. 

In 17(59, David Kneeland, from Topsfield, Mass., settled 
on the upper ridge, and planted the first orchard. He was 
followed, in 1770, by David Clark, who commenced clear- 
ing in the northeast corner of the town, near Mr. Knee- 
land. He left his farm to enter the army in 1770, return- 
ing at the end of the war. In 1772, the time for award- 
ing the merited lots was extended to August, 1773, and 
the amount of cleared land fixed at C instead of 12 acres. 
Enoch and Noah Stiles, stimulated by the brilliant offer 
made them at their homes in Andover, the headquarters of 
the proprietors, proceeded at once to Bridgton, where they 
wade permanent settlements, but failed to secure the re- 
ward, owing to the heavy growth of timber and the extreme 
hardships of pioneer life. 

In 1772, Azael Foster, father of Asael, Francis, Amos 
P., and Moody Foster,! came from Danvers, and built the 



» The first settlement in Standish, on Scbago Lake, cast of Sebago 
Lake Station, and now known as tlio "old steamboat lanriing." 

t We clip the following from a biograiihieal sketch of Capt. Amos P. 
Fo.'itcr, lather of Rev. Charles P. Foster, of Bridgton. Mr. Foster had 
been on an evening visit to his intended. Miss Annie Knight, of Den- 
mark, and was returning, when he stumbled upon a huge bear. The 
bear made for him at once, antl to escajjc, he made haste to climb a 
small tree — one which he supposed too small for the bear to hug. But 



first frame house in Bridgton, at what is now Sand Creek 
post-oflBce, and William Emerson, from Mctliuen, settled 
on the east side of Wood's Pond, near the outlet. Tiicy 
both proved able pioneers, and received " merited" lots of 
land of 100 acres each. Mrs. Foster was the first married 
woman settled in the town, Mr. Kimball's housekeeper 
being his daughter. Her son, Moses Hale, Jr., born June 
8, 1772, was the first white child born in the town, and, 
after some years' delay, received the 100 acres promised. 
Mr. Emerson became known, in after-years, as the friend 
of the helpless, moving from place to place, with his hand- 
sled or pack, to relieve the wants of the hunu:ry or sick, his 
only reward the pleasure of doing good. 

Reuben Burnham, from Bolton, Mass., the first deacon 
of the Congregational Church, settled near the centre of 
the town in 1774. He was killed by a falling tree eleven 
years after. He was the father of Timothy Burnham. 
The next year, James Flint, of Reading, Mass., and 
Simeon Burnham, father of Nathaniel and Simeon Burn- 
ham, located on the west side of Crotched Pond, and Ste- 
phen John.son settled on the lowlands on the east side of 
Wood's Pond. Mr. Johnson was a famous hunter, delight- 
ing in the pursuit of the moose and the bears which 
abounded in this region long after the first settlement. 

In 177fi, Enoch Perlcy, a young man of twenty-seven, 
son of Thomas Perley, one of the pi'oprietors, came to 
Bridgton, and, with that business sagacity still inherited by 
his descendants, saw the untold value in the dense pine 
forests which covered the land, valueless in itself from the 
immense wealth with which it was encumbered. To the 
rare sagacity he possessed, was joined an indifference for 
hardship and danger equal to that of his uncle. Gen. Israel 
Putnam. Making his camp alone in the woods, he ranged 
the forests for deer and bears, read, wrote poctr)-, and drew 
charts upon birch-bark, or from the top of Mount Prospect, 
near his cabin, viewed the surrounding country through his 
glass, finding time meanwhile to complete a house for the 
reception of his pro.spectivo bride. Such was his energy 
and skill in business affairs that, in 1777, the proprietors 
removed their headquarters from Massachusetts to Bridg- 
ton, and made him proprietors' clerk, placing all the records 
in his keeping. He held this important trust until the 
property having all been dispo.scd of, the corporation ceased 
to exist. 

Mr. Perley abandoned his first house for a better one, in 
which the records of the company were burned on the 
night of Oct. 2, 1780, together with many interesting 

he soon saw her bearship coming up after him. lie climbed as high as 
he dared to, lest his weight should break the tree. The bear took his 
heel in her teeth, tearing away the slipper and flesh, and losing her 
hold, fell to the ground. Foster then 8U|>poscd bis danger past, but 
he was again disappointed. She had no sooner recovered her feet 
than she climbed the tree again, this time tearing the flesh away from 
his heels, clean to the bones, and both man antl bear fell to the ground, 
the tree breaking. Jlr. Foster wa,** "top of the heap" when they 
struck the ground, and ran with all his might towards his home, — the 
hear did not follow. — and was so wild with fear that he ilid not feel 
the pain of his feet until going through a field of rye stubble, which 
pricked the mangled flesh. He married the lady. Years after, when 
in New York, he heard two mcu discussing the probability of the 
story, and astonished them by removing his hiyois and showing Iho 
soars upon his feet. 



220 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



private records of early settlement gathered by Mr. Perley. 
The old house is still standing, though moved from its 
original position. 

In 1779, Theodore Emerson, from Methuen, Isaiah In- 
galls, from Andover (a surveyor), and David Hale, father 
of David Hale, Jr., fnmi Templeton, Mass., were added to 
the colony. At the expiration of the Revolutionary war 
Robert Andrews located in the south part of the town, near 
Adams' Pond, living alone. He became a leading citizen, 
and at his death left $1000 as a fund for the relief of the 
industrious poor. Daniel Perley, from Boxfurd, and John 
Peabody, from Andover, came in 1780; and, in 1781, Na- 
thaniel, brother of David Hale, and Phineas Ingalls, of An- 
dover. In June, 1782, the merited lots — of 100 acres each — 
were awarded to David Kneeland, William Emerson, A.sael 
Fo.ster, Richard Peabody, Stephen Gates, James Flint, David 
Clark, and Timothy Gates, and to Benjamin Kimball and 
Jacob Stevens two lots each. Moody Bridges and Stephen 
Kimball afterwards received one lot each. The.se lands are 
now southea.stern Harrison. Fifty acres of land and a 
house and shop ready built were given to Jesse Knapp, as 
an inducement to open a blacksmith-shop. This was half 
a mile south of Bridgton village. 

In 1781 a joint committee of the surrounding towns re- 
moved the most prominent obstructions from the Songo 
" Ripplings," under the management of Capt. Kimball. 
A public saw-mill was built at the outlet of Wood's Pond, 
and in 1785, when nearly completed, carried away by high 
water. It was rebuilt in 1786, and the next year sold at 
public auction, "payable in any kind of produce, the buyer 
binding himself to receive the same kind of pay for saw- 
ing." 

Fear of Indians prevented rapid settlement, and some- 
times sent families in alarm to Standish. After the close 
of the war, settlement advanced more rapidly, so that by 
1787 the town contained ii'J families. Besides those men- 
tioned, this number included Noah Bceuian, John Daven- 
port, Moses How, Jesse Knapp, Nathaniel Hale, Sanmel, 
Asa, and Richard Kimball, George Mead, John Porter, 
Thomas Symonds, Ejihraim Jewett, and William, Nathan- 
iel, and Abraham Burnham. 



VILLAGES. 
BRIDGTON. 

In 1789, Williaiu Sears, of Beverly, Mass., purchased 
the two lots on Stevens' Brook, comprising the older part of 
the village of Bridgton, and erected a grist-mill below the 
saw-mill at the outlet of Crotched Pond, and erected the 
first tavern in the village, on the corner opposite Bridgton 
House. A meeting-house was commenced in 1790, and 
finished in 1798. Ten acres of land were laid out for a 
burying ground and trainit)g-field in 1792. A militia com- 
pany was formed the saiue year, with Isaiah Ingalls, cap- 
tain ; Robert Andrews, lieutenant ; and John Kilborn, 
ensign. This ground was for many years the scene of pat- 
riotic training-days, and brilliant with the red-and-blue 
uniforms and white cockades of the " Light Infantry" of 
Bridgton, who were paid 20 cents each in c;ish, and took 



the balance of their pay in a hearty enjoyment of the 
occasion. 

A post-office was opened in 1800. By 1811 the place 
had increased to a dozen dwellings. 

Mr. Merrill kept a .stock of goods in one room, and 
another was located in one corner of the Sears tavern, after- 
wards the Pondichcrry House, and Mr. Fairbrother was 
making his famous pumps. The girls of the neighborhood 
spun and wove for fifty cents a week, the carding and 
finishing establishments of Rufus Chase, near the tannery 
bridge, or Artemus Brigham, just below the grist-mill, 
completing the process of manufacture. 

Sixty years later we find a party of travelers from Ply- 
mouth, N. H.,* alighting from a balloon at the door of the 
veritable old hotel, in the midst of the most bu.sy and popu- 
lous village in Northern Cumberland County, the one hun- 
dred and forty-three feet of waterfall in the stream passing 
through at the foot of the hill, and supplying the motive 
power for 13 mills and factories. 

In 1879 this number had increased to 23, and a popula- 
tion of 1400, supporting a union high school, newspaper, 
bank, and telegraph-office, and the village had acquired a 
creditable repute as a manufacturing centre. 

The Bridgton Savings Bank was incorporated in 1809, 
with William W. Cross, President; Rufus Gibbs, Treas- 
urer; Geo. G. Wight, Assistant Treasurer. Rufus Gibbs 
became president and P. P. Burnham treasurer in 1872. 
George P. Perley succeeded IMr. Burnham as treasurer in 
1879. 

NEWSPAPERS. 

Tlie Bn'ihjlon Reporter, S. H. Noyes publisher, Enoch 
Knight editor, was first issued at Bridgton village, Nov. 2, 
1858, and afterwards edited by David Hale, who entered 
the army soon after. He was succeeded by Capt. Horace 
C. Little and George Warren. The office was destroyed by 
fire in 1804, just after election, and re-issued by David 
Hale, with the startling head-line, " Death to Copperheads 
and Incendiaries !" but ceased publication soon after. 

Tlic Bridgtun News, a seven-column, four-page weekly, 
24 by 30, was established Sept. 9, 1870, by H. A. Shorey, 
editor and proprietor, at $1.50 a year. This paper is ably 
edited and well supported. Local editor since 1870, Chas. 
0. Stickney. 

The Sebago Lake Steam Navigation Company, whose 
headquarters are here, built the steamer " Fawn" in 1847, 
made a trial trip, and soon after removed the machinery 
and abandoned the boat. In 18G9 the "Oriental" was 
built by Capt. Symonds, and purchased by the company, of 
which Charles E. Gibbs was and still is manager. A larger 
boat, the " Sebago," was soon added, and "the " Oriental," 
which was burned, was replaced by the " Mount Pleasant." 
A regular daily line has since been continued between the 
south shore of Sebago Lake and North Bridgton. 

From the completion of the first church, in 1798, it 
served the joint purpose of church and town-house, until the 
erection of the new church by the First Parish iu 1834, 

* An aclual occurrence; on a voyage of Prof. King, the aeronaut. 



TOWN OF BRIDGTON. 



221 



when it was abandoned to the sole use of the town author- 
ities. In March, 1851, Moses Gould, John Kilborn, Luke 
Brown, Horace Billin<;s, William T. Kilborn, Ilensselaer 
Cram, and John P. Perley were chosen a committee to 
build tlie present town-house, which was erected on the 




TOWN-HOUSE, DIUI'OTdX. 

hill overlooking the lake and village, and dedicated by a 
grand mass-meeting of tlie citizens of Bridgton held Jan. 
8, 1852. Hon. Nathaniel S. Littlefield was made president 
of the meeting, and an address was delivered by Hon. 
Marshall Cram, of Bridgton. 

FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

This dates back to the advent of the " Waterspout" in 
1840, a light engine worked by a horizontal motion in the 
hands of the young men of the village, and cutting their 
fingers against the brakes if worked too rapidly. This 
never offered any serious resistance to a fire, though led 
by the learned Judge H. Carter, now of Haverhill, Ma.ss., 
and worked by Augustus Perley, W. W. Cross, llufus 
Gibbs, and the late Hon. Rensselaer Cram. 

The present fire department was incorporated March 1, 
1854. William W. Cross, Benjamin Walker, and Reuben 
Ball were chosen assessors; George G. Wight, Clerk; 
Augustus Perley, Treasurer ; and Edward 0. Adams, Col- 
lector. They have an engine-house, a good engine worked 
by hand, a Babcock chemical, American chemical engine, 
and a roll of 77 men. OfBcere: M. Gleason, Chief En- 
gineer ; L. S. Carman, P. P. Burnham, Assistant Engineers ; 
E. A. Littlefield, Clerk ; F. P. Bennett, Treasurer. 

The town owns a farm, purchased in 1871, valued at 
$3000, supplied with $1000 worth of personal property, 
for the support of the poor. 

NORTH BRIDGTON, 

at the head of Long Pond, on the site of the first settle- 
ment in the town, contains 4t) tine residences, a church, 
academy, the Lake Hotel of Joiin B. Martin, establi.slied 
in 1873, near tlie site of tiie old Kimball tavern of 1708; 
the summer hotel of James Webb, Jr., remodeled from 
the "Lieut. Andrews' Hou.se," built in 1812; machine- 
and sawshop of O.sgood Bailey, established, 1857, by 
Richard G. Bailey it Son ; pottery, R. F. Kitson, estab- 
lished 1815; orrniMieiital painting, John Mead, established 



1856; store, Kimball & Co., established 1871 ; saw- and 
gristmills and furniture-store of Luke & F. H. Brown. 
Mails are received by daily stage, Edward Kimball, post- 
master. 

SOUTH uridoton 
is a hill-siJc hamlet at Adams' Pond, overlooking Holt's 
and Ingalls' Ponds and the valley to the .south, where 
Foster's mills and J. & 0. F. Knapp's box-factory occupy 
the site of the "old grist-mill" erected by Mr. Mead pre- 
vious to 1799. The place contains some 30 dwellings, 
a church, school-house, and the following industries : gen- 
eral merchandise, T. B. Knapp, since 18(j9, established by 
Z. Sylvester 1S05 ; shoe and harness, Nahum Knapp, es- 
tablished 1824; and clothing-manufactory, T. B. Knapp, 
established 1876. 

A short distance to the south, at the foot of Prospect 
Mountain, are the fine buildings of Col. John P. Perley, 
their ample dimensions in strange contrast with the little 
wood-colored, steep-roofed, one-story building, not 10 feet 
square, standing between the house and barns, with the 
eaves to the road. This is the house to which his grand- 
father, Enoch Perley, Esq., welcomed his bride in 1777, 
and in which Gen. Thomas Perley was born. The only 
door stands at one end, and a tall, narrow window admits 
the light from either side. Entering the door a swinging 
ladder, suspended by a hook and wooden hinges, leads the 
way to sleeping-apartments beneath the horizontal rafters 
which support the roof This house was abandoned for the 
larger one, in which the records were burned in 1780. A 
few rods to the south a granite column marks the grave of 
its builder. 

The old burying-ground beside Adams' Pond contains 
many of the early men of prominence, among whom are 
Lieut. Robert Andrews, Nathan Hale, and Isaiah Ingalls, 
— soldiers of the Revolution, — Capts. Peter and Asa Kim- 
ball, Drs. Jonathan Fessenden — father and son. Two 
miles to the north of North Bridgton a small inclosure 
contains two long rows of slate and marble stones, marking 
the graves of Capt. John Hayward and his great-grandson, 
Preston M. Glines, who fell in the war of the Rebellion, 
Luther P. Barnard, Co. B, 2'id Maine, and the unmarked 
grave of Joseph Kimball, another veteran of the Revolu- 
tion. 

The beautiful park of the dead, on the eastern slope of 
the old training-ground at Bridgton Centre, was set apart 
for a burying-place after the burial of several pereons, who 
now sleep beneath the Congregationalist church ; among 
these are Elizabeth Burnham, died Nov. 4, 1775, Mi-s. 
David Kneeland, Israel Spafibrd, and Scth Emcreon. 
Beneath the oak, uniple, and acacia groves are grouped the 
members of the oldest families of Bridgton, and her most 
enterprising citizens for the last half-century. Capt. John 
Kilborn, Jr., is buried at Sand Creek. There arc many 
private burying-grounds scattered through the town, con- 
taining the remains of the earliest settlers. 

DESCRIPTION. 

Bridgton is bounded on the north by Sweden and 
Waterford, in O.vford County ; on the exst, by Harrison and 
Long Pond ; on the south, by Naples and Scbago ; and on 



222 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



the west, by Denmark, in Oxford County. The surface 
consists mainly of lii^li rollins; land, rising towards the north- 
west, and broken by ridges running parallel with its lakes. 
That portion to the east of Long Pond was joined to Ilar- 
ri.son in 180.'); in 1834 2500 acres, and in 185G 10 acres 
of the southeastern part were joined to Naples. A portion 
of Fryeburg north of the north line, and a part of Den- 
mark west of the west line, amounting to 3700 acres, were 
added to the northwest in 1847. It is watered by seven 
smaller ponds, besides Long Pond, on the oast, and Moose, 
Crotched, and Woods' Ponds within its borders, which are 
its principal waters. A telegraph line, erected in 1877, 
with an office at Bridgton, connects with the Western 
Union telegraph lines at Brownfield. There are four post- 
offices in the town : Bridgton, Charles K. Gibbs, postmaster. 
Mail by stage twice daily to Brownfield ; daily to South 
Paris via North Bridgton and Harrison : and daily to 
Naples and Raymond via Portland stage. Established as 
money-order office, 18G9 ; international office, 1877. The 
other post-offices are North and South Bridgton, and Sand 
Creek. 

SANDY CREEK, 

formerly known as " Pinhook," contains 25 dwell- 
ings, a school-house, church, a store, and the saw- and 
shingle-mill of A. G. Berry & Son, established 1864, on the 
site of the old town mill, the grist-mill of D. P. Chaplin, 
built in 1853, a smith- and paint-shop, and has a resident 
lawyer and physician. The post-office was opened in April, 
1879, — T. E. Lang, postmaster. 

INCORPORATION. 

Bridgton was incorporated as a town Feb. 7, 1794. The 
first town-meeting was held on the 18th of March of the 
same year. Enoch Perlcy was chosen Moderator ; Isaiah 
Ingalls, Town Clerk ; Phincas Ingalls, Treasurer ; Robert 
Andrews, James Flint, and Joseph Sears, Selectmen ; 
Samuel Farnsworth, Enoch Perley, and Joseph Sears, 
School Committee; Samuel Kimball, Ephraim Jewctt, and 
David Halo, Field-Drivers ; James Flint, Samuel Farns- 
worth, and David Hale, Tything-Men ; William Oliver 
and Timothy Gates, Deer-Reeves ; and Reuben Ingalls, 
Samuel Davis, and Asael Foster, Hog-Reeves. For that 
year the town raised the sum of £1 00 for the repair of high- 
ways ; £30 to defray town charges, and £18 for the support 
of schools. There were 41 votes cast at this election. In 
August of that year it was voted that the town pay drafted 
soldiers enough to make their pay up to $8 per month. 

SELECTMEN. 

1794. — Robert Andrews, Jnmcs Flint, Joseph Scars. 
1796. — Enoch Perley, Sainiicl I'arnsworlh, David Ulnrk. 
1796. — Robert Andrews, David Clark, Samuel Farnsworth. 
1797. — Daniel Perley, .Samuel Farnsworth, Benjamin Kimball, Jr. 
1798.— Samuel Farnsworth, Robert Andrews, Israel Kimball. 
1799. — igamucl Farnsworth, Robert Andrews, James Flint. 
1800.— Samuel Farnsworth, Enoch Perley, David Clark. 
1801. — Enoch Perley, Benjamin Kimball, Isaiah Ingalls. 
1802.— Phincas Ingalls, John Kilborn, Samuel Andrews. 
1803.— Benjamin Kimball, John Perley, Jusc|ih Scar.s. 
lSOI-0. — Robert .\ndrcws, Joseph Sears, I'enjaniin Kimball. 
1806. — Phincas Ingalls, Joseph Sears, Benjamin Kimball. 
IMiir.— KoMfli I'crlry, .loscph Sears, Benjamin Kimliull. 



1808. — Phincas Ingalls, John Kilborn, Benjamin Kimball. 

1809.— Enoch Perley, Josej.h Sears, Benjamin Kimball. 

ISIO.— Phincas Ingalls, Samuel Davis, Benjamin Kimball. 

1811-12.— Phincas Ingalls, John Kilborn, Jedediah Kimball. 

181.3. — Josiah Ingalls, John Kilborn, Samuel Andrews. 

1SI4. — .John Perley, Maj. George Lewis, .Jonathan Barnard. 

1815. — Phineas Ingalls, Israel Kimball, Nathaniel Howe. 

1810. — Phineas Ingalls, John Kilborn, Israel Kimball. 

1817. — Phineas Ingalls, John Perley, Jonathan Barnard. 

1818-20.— Phineas Ingalls, John Perley, Jedediah Kimball. 

1821-22.-^ John Perley, John WiUett, Saranel Farnsworth. 

1821!. — Phineas Ingalls, Jedediah Kimball, John Kilborn. 

1824. — John Perley, Bennett Pike, Stephen Beeraiin. 

1825.- Bennett Pike, John Perley, George W. Cushman. 

1826.— Bennett Pike, Thomas Perley, George W. Cushman. 

1827. — Bennett Pike, Thomas Perley, Samuel Farnsworth,* John 
Willett. 

1828.— Theodore Ingalls, John Willett, Richard G. Bailey. 

1829-31.— Theodore Ingalls, Asa Ingalls (2d), George W. Cushman. 

1832-33.- Nathaniel S. Litllclield, Asa Ingalls (2d), George W. 
Cushman. 

1834.- Nathan S. Liltlcficld, David Fowler, Asahel Cram. 

1835.— Nathan S. Littlefield, Asa Ingalls (2d), George W. Cushman. 

1830.- George AV. Cushman, Asa Ingalls (2d), Richard T. Smith. 

1837.- Theodore Ingalls, Asa Ingalls (2d), George W. Cushman. 

1838. — Theodore Ingalls, Thomas Cleaves, Jacob Hazen, Jr. 

1839. — Moody F. Walker, Jacob Hazen, Jr., Thomas Cleaves. 

1840-41.— Theodore Ingalls, Thomas Cleaves, William Potter. 

1842.— Moody F. Walker, William Potter, Asa Ingalls, Jr. 

1843.— Moody F. Walker, Osborn Chaplin, J.aoob Hazen, Jr. 

1844. — Theodore Ingalls, Jacob Hazen, Moses Stickney. 

1845.— Theodore Ingalls, Asa Ingalls, Luke Brown. 

1846. — Theodore Ingalls, Jacob Hazen, Edward T. Alley. 

1847.— Jacob Hazen, Edward T. Alley, Reuben Ball. 

1848.— Jiicob Hazen, Edward T. Alley, Franklin Gibbs. 

1849.- Jacob Hazen, Edward T. Alloy, Reuben Ball. 

1850.— Thomas Cleaves, Reuben Ball, James Webb. 

1851.— Thomas Cleaves, Richard Kimball, Caleb Stevens. 

1852-53.— Nathaniel S. Littlefield, John Kilborn, Jacob Hazen. 

1854. — Luke Brown, William W. Cross, Edmund Mayo. 

1855-56. — Samuel Andrews (2d), John Kilborn, Aaron Brigham. 

1857. — Samuel Andrews (2d), Charles G. Thorp, Darwin Ingalls. 

1858.— Nathaniel S. Littlefield, Charles G. Thorp, Darwin lugalls. 

1859.— Luther Billings, Jacob Chaplin, John Kilborn. 

I860.— Luther Billing.s, Caleb A. Chaplin, Isaac Webb. 

1861.— Caleb A. Chaplin, Thomas Cleaves, Isaac Webb. 

1862.- Thomas Cleaves, Jacob Hazen, George E. Mead. 

1803.— Nathaniel S. Littlefield, John F. Potter, Hugh Bennett. 

1864-65.- Lot C. Nelson, John P. Perley, George E. Chadbourne. 

1866.— George E. Chadbourne, Edwin F. Fessenden, Benjamin C. 
Stone. 

1867. — George E. Chadbourne, Francis B. Caswell, Edwin F. Fessen- 
den. 

1868-70.— George E. Chadbourne, Ephraim R. Brown, William F. 
Fessenden. 

1871.— George E. Chadbourne, Ashabel Chii]ilin, Frederick J. Little- 
field. 

1872-73.— Edwin F. Fessenden, Byron Kimball, Isaiah S. Webb. 

1874. — Nathaniel S. Littlefield, Jacob Hazen, Darwin Ingalls. 

1875-76.— Benjamin C. Stone, Edwin Ingalls, William F. Fessenden. 

1877.— Edwin Ingalls, William F. Fessenden, George G. Wight. ; 

1878.- William F. Fessenden, Edwin Ingalls, George tt. AVight. 

1879.- Edwin Ingalls, William F. Fessenden, William Leavitt. 

TOWN CLERKS. 
Josiah Ing.alls, 1794; Dr. Samuel Farnsworth, 1795-1800; Joseph 
Burnham, 1801-3; Samuel Farnsworth, 1804-17; Theodore In- 
galls,* 1817; Dr. Theodore Ingalls, 1818-32; Nathaniel S. Little- 
field, 1832-35; Di.\ey Stone, 1836-37; Moody F. Walker, 1838- 
42: Dixey Stone, 1843; John P. Davis, 1844; Samuel Andrews 
(2d), 1845-49; Samuel Mason, 1850-51; Samuel Andrews (2d), 
1852; Nathaniel S. Littlefield, 1853; Samuel Mason, IS54; 
Samuel Andrews (2d), 1855; William T. Kilborn, 1856-58; Lcod- 

» To fill vaeaney. 




Photo, by Cooaut, Portlaod. 




^C-^-2-t-^^ 



^ '^..^AS. 




BE^iiD^jlS^ i)i J^.ji]£S J3. yJEBB, .lifl.D., IBn]B@7^?J, .■„, 





DARWIN INGALI.S. 



Photos, by Burry, Bridgtoii. 

DAEWIN INGALLS. 



ASA INGALLS. 



EtlmoiKl InguUs, emigrant of the Ingalls family, 
born in Lincolnsliire, England, came to Lynn, Mass., 
in 1629, and was accidentally drowned in the Sangns 
River in 1648. His brother Francis accompanied 
him to tills conntry, was a tanner by trade, and is 
said to have erected the first tannery in America. 

The grandfather of Darwin Ingalls, Phincas In- 
galls, was sixth in descent from Edmond Ingalls. 
He was born in Andover, Mass., Nov. 14, 1758, w:is 
a soldier in the llevolntionary war, and in 1781 set- 
tled in Bridgton, on the farm now in possession of 
his great-grandson. He held the various town offices, 
was a representative in the Legislatnre of Massachn- 
setts, a member of the convention that framed the 
constitution of Maine, a member of the first Legis- 
lature of Maine, and a member of the first Court of 
Sessions, which last office he held until debarred by 
age. He died Jan. 5, 1844. His wife was Elizabeth, 
daughter of Jacob Stevens, of Andover, Mass., born 
Nov. 19, 1764, and married Oct. 22, 1783. 

Asa, father of the subject of this narrative, born 
Jan. 14, 1787, in Bridgton, married June 26, 1816, 
Phoebe, daughter of Elias and Jane (Stiles) Beny. 
Her jjarents were natives of Massachusetts, but set- 



tled in Denmark, Oxford Co., Me., about tiie year 
1800. She was born at Andover, March 4, 1792. 

Asa Ingalls was a farmer and lumberman by 
occupation. He was an active member of tiie Dem- 
ocratic party, held various offices in his town, and 
was a representative in the State Legislature. He 
was a member of the Congregational Ciiurcii. He 
died Feb. 19, 1852. His wife died Aug. 31, 1864. 

Darwin Ingalls, born in Bridgton, July 11, 1822, 
married May 31, 1852, Mary J., daughter of James 
and Huldali (Beny) Patrick, of Denmark. She was 
born May 2, 1834. Mr. Ingalls spent his boyhood 
at home on the farm, and received a fair common- 
school education. His business through life hiis been 
farming and lumbei'ing, being largely interested in 
AVestern lumber lands. 

Like his ancestors, lie is an unswerving member 
of the Democratic party. He was representative 
from Bridgton in the State Legislature in 1857 and 
1858, has been selectman, and also held various 
other offices in his town. He resides on the old 
homestead, settled by his grandfather nearly a cen- 
tury ago. His children arc Aldana, George A., and 
Albert A. 



TOWN OF BRIDGTON. 



223 



ard M. Burnham, 1859 ; Lot C. Nelson, 1860-61 ; S. M. Harmon, 
1862; Samuel M. Haydcn, 1863; Jamos R. Adams, 1364; Slier- 
burn M. Harmon, 1865-66; George C. Wight, 1867-70; Robert 
A. Cleaves, 1871; Benjamin C. Stone, 1873-71; Perlcy P. Burn- 
ham, 1875-78; Mcllen Plummer, 187'J. 

TREASURERS. 

Phineas Ingalls, 1794-96; Capt. William Lcars, 1797; Enoch Perlcy, 
1798; Joseph Sears, 1799-1800; Robert Andrews, 1801-2; Enoch 
Perlcy, 1803; Samuel Andrews, 1804; Samuel Farnsworth, 1805; 
Josiah Ingalls, 1806; Robert Andrews, 1807-9; John Perley, 
1810; Samuel Andrews, 1811-14; Seba Smith, 1815; Samuel 
Andrews, 1816; Nathaniel Howe, 1817-20 ; Bennett Pike, 1821- 
23; Theodore Ingalls, 1824-25; Bennett Pike, 1826-27; Dixey 
Stone,* 1827; Dixey Stone, 1828; Nathaniel S. Littlefield, 1829- 
32; Theodore Ingalls, 1833-35; Richard Davis, 1836 ; Theodore 
Ingalls, 1837-43; Franklin Gibbs, 1844; Benjamin Walker, 
1845; Reuben Ball, 1846-48; Sewcll C. Strout, 1849-50; S. C. 
Strout, 1851; Nathaniel S. Littlefield, 1852-53; Benjamin Wal- 
ker, 1854; Nathaniel S. Littlefield, 1855-57; Alvin Davis, 1858; 
Lot C. Nelson, 1859; Nathan Cleaves, 1860-61; Benjamin C. 
C. Stone, 1862; Alvin Davis, 1863; William W. Cross, 1864; 
Nathaniel Pease, 1865-66; AVilliam F. Fessenden,* IS66 ; Augus- 
tus Perlcy, 1867-68; John P. Perley, 1869-70; Jacob Frost, 
1871; Perley P. Burnham, 1872; William F. Fessenden, 1873; 
Richard II. Davis, 1874; Edwin F. Fessenden, 1875-76; Wm. 
F. Perry, 1877; John H. Caswell, 1878-79. 

COLLECTORS AND CONSTABLES. 

Asael Foster, Ephraim Jewett,* 1794; Ezra Gibbs, 1795; Benjamin 
Kimball, Jr., 1796 ; David Hale, 1797-1800 ; Joseph Sears, 1801-4-; 
Abner Dodge, Jr., 1805-6 ; James Stevens, .Tr., James Emerson, 
cons., 1807; James Emerson, 1808; Reuben Ingalls, 1809; John 
Kilborn, 1810 ; Joseph Sears, 181 1 ; James Emerson, 1812 ; Benja- 
min Kimball, 1813-16; Reuben Ingalls, 1817-18; Ebenezer H. 
Seribner, 1819; Benjamin Kimball, 1820-21; James Emerson, 
1822; David Fowler, 1823-25; Col. David Potter, 1826; George 
W. Whitney, 1827-28; Benjamin Walker, 1829-31; Thomas 
Cleaves, cons, and coll., Benjamin Walker, cons., 1832 ; Thomas 
Cleaves, 1833 ; Rufus Gibbs, 1834-36; Reuben Ball, 1837; Rufus 
Gibbs, 1838; David Fowler, 1839; Nathaniel Pe:i3e, 1840 ; Levi 
W. Holmes, Franklin Gibbs,« 1841 ; Franklin Gibbs, 1842-43 ; 
Charles G. Thorp, 1844; John F. Potter, 1845; Franklin Gibbs, 
1846; Richard K. Hunt, 1847-50; Nathan F. Sawyer, 1851; 
Nathaniel Pease, 1852 ; Leonard M. Burnham, 1853 ; Edward L. 
0. Adams, 1854; Russell Lamson, 1855-56; George Hall, 1857- 
58; John Kilborn, Jr., 1859-60; William F. Fessenden, 1861-62; 
Edward Bennett, 1863; William F. Fessenden, 1864-70; John F. 
Potter, 1871-75; Greenleaf T. Marriner, 1876; Benjamin F. 
Milliken, 1877; William A. Morrison, 1878; Charles B. Gibbs, 
1879. 

RELIGIOUS. 
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

The early history of this churcli is closely connected 
with the hi.story of the settlement of Bridgton. In the 
year 1765 the Legislature of Massachusetts confirmed the 
original grant made to the proprietors of the land, upon 
condition " that they should build a house for public wor- 
ship, settle a learned Protestant minister, and lay out one 
sixty-fourth part of the township for the use of the first 
settled minister, and one other sixty-fourth part for the sup- 
port of the ministry." 

Owing to unforeseen obstacles the settlement did not 
advance as rapidly as was anticipated, and not having the 
means, they were unable for many years to comply with 
these requirements. They had, however, almost from the 

* To fill vacancy. 



commencement of the scttloment, cmplo}-ed a preacher 
some part of each year, goticrally from three to five or six 
months. 

On the 2C!th of August, 1784, the church w;is organized 
by Rev. William John.son, pastor of the church in Fryeburg, 
under the title of the " First Congregational Church," with 
6 male members, to whom were immediately added 1 1 others, 
• — 6 by letter and 5 on profession, — making 17 in all, — 
10 males and 7 females. Of this number were Jacob Stevens 
and wife, Jesse Knajip, John I'eabody and wife, Reuben 
Burnham and wife, Enoch Perley and wife, James Stevens, 
Submit Knapp, and Rachel Hale. Reuben Burnam wiis 
chosen deacon, and dying in 1785, John Peabody was made 
deacon instead. Huldah, wife of Capt. Bcnj. Kimball, 
Phineas Ingalls and wife, Jacob Howe and wife joined 
previous to 1790. 

In 1788 the proprietors united with the church in a call 
to Mr. Nathan Church, a native of South Hadley, educated 
at Dartmouth College, to become their minister. He came 
to Bridgton in 1788, and became the first settled minister 
on the 17th of June, 1789. Mr. Church was supported 
by the proprietors till the town was incorporated in 1794, 
when the inhabitants of the town voted to receive him as 
their minister, and take upon themselves the same obliga- 
tions that the proprietors were then under with regard to 
the payment of his annual salary. 

The first meeting-house was built on the ministerial lot 
opposite the present cemetery, and was first occupied Octo- 
ber, 1791. In 1792 a front porch was added, and in 1797 
it came into possession of the town in a still unfinished 
state, and was then finished by contract. From this time 
and for many years it served the twofold purpose of a 
church and town-house. 

In the year 1827 the Rev. Mr. Church retired from his 
pulpit ministrations on account of age and infirmity, and 
was succeeded by Mr. Daniel Newell, who was ordained and 
installed on the 24th of October of the same year, and at 
his own request was dismissed in April, 1830. 

Rev. Caleb F. Page was installed pastor on the 23d of 
October, 1833, remaining until the 26th of March, 1850. 

In 1834 the old meeting-house was given up to the use 
of the town, and the second house of woi-ship was built by 
N. S. Littlefield, John Kilborn, and Rufus Gibbs, com- 
mittee, upon the site of the present house. The bell was 
presented by Richard Davis. 

Rev. Josiah T. Hawcs was installed on the llih of Feb- 
ruary, 1851, and was dismissed May 10, 1865. Rev. 
Franklin E. Fellows was installed on the 4th of January, 
1866, and was dismis.sed Dec. 8, 1868. Mr. Edward P. 
Wilson was engaged as stated supply on the 1st of Septem- 
ber, 1869, ordained Jan. 26, 1871, and closed his labors 
July 1, 1872. 

On the 1st of June, the work on the present edifice was 
commenced by the parish, and on the 26th of January, 
1871, it was dedicated with appropriate services by Rev. 
E. P. Wilson. 

John T. Ilea commenced his labors as stated supply in 
February, and was ordained Aug. 8, 1873. He was suc- 
ceeded in 1876 by Rev. Henry 15. Carpenter. 

In 1874 this church followed the example of some of 



224 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



the most prominent Congregational Churches in admitting 
the riglit of its female members to vote on all (|uestions of 
church business, antl also in reviving the primitive office of 
deaconess. 

This society has a fund of $2800, the interest of which 
is expended for the support of the ministry. One thousand 
dollars of this sum was a donation from Lieut. Robt. An- 
drews, and the remainder arose from the sale of the minis- 
terial lands, consisting of lots No. Ct, range 15, No. 1, range 
28, No. 1, range 29, in the first division, and No. 23, range 
1, in the second division, which were sold April 29, 1799. 

Board of Officers. — Pastor, Oscar A. Rogers, from 1878 ; 
Deacons, Nathaniel Potter, Lewis M. Libby, Lewis Smith ; 
Deaconesses, Mrs. Alvin Dennett, Mrs. Augustus Perley, 
Mrs. George Rounds ; Standing Committee, the pastor and 
officers ex officio, Joseph Ingalls, Edwin Ingalls, Ed. Lewis ; 
Clerk and Treasurer, John H. Caswell ; Sunday-school 
Superintendent, Lewis Smith. The membership is 140. 

There were attempts made by the Baptists to be separated 
from the established church in 1794, but their efforts not 
being successful, the church was not founded until 1807. 
Rev. Ebenezer Bray, an evangelist, who had been an occa- 
sional preacher in Bridgton, called a council, which met Oct. 
24, 1807, and organized a church consisting of Seba Smith, 
who was made clerk ; Nicholas Bray, Jr., first deacon ; Mrs. 
Bray, Miss Ellie Bray, Noah Stiles and wife, James Flint, 
and Miss Hannah Scribner. The next day Miss Hannah 
Andrews was admitted by baptism. The name adopted 
was " Harrison and Bridgton Particular Baptist Church." 
From 1807 to 1812 it increased to 30 members. The 
church was released from paying to support the old church 
in 1812, and a revival added largely to their numbers, 
enabling them to erect a house of worship in 1815. In 
1832 it was rebuilt and greatly enlarged, receiving an addi- 
tion of a bell after a revival conducted by Rev. William 
Wyman. In 1827 the Harrison Church established sepa- 
rately, and in 1833 another church at Sweden, both from 
members of this church. In 1838-39, a large number 
left the parent church to organize on a more liberal basis as 
Free Baptists. The old members clung to the belief of 
their fathers, and were enabled to build a new meeting- 
house in 1853, but receiving but little support from the 
younger people, gradually faded into the past, until there 
are left but three living members, — the aged pastor. Rev. 
Jacob Bray, Mrs. Bray, and Mrs. Beeman, formerly Miss 
Charlotte Burnham. The clerks have been Seba Smith, 
Reuben Ball, Rufus Chase, James Jordan, John Burbank, 
Benjamin Hews, Rev. Jacob Bray. Deacons, Nicholas 
Bray, Jr., Seba Smith, William Hazen, Simeon Burnham, 
Jacob Ellsworth, Jonathan Houghton, John Burbank, 
James Libby, Isaac Davis. The pastors have been Na- 
thaniel Bray, 1805-12; Reuben Ball, to 1826; John 
Haines, 1827 ; William AVyman, 1828-31 ; Reuben Milner, 
1832; William 0. Grant, 1834-35; Larkin S. Jordan, 
183G; Jacob Bray, 1837-40; Leander H. Tripp, 1841- 
42; Amos B. Pendleton, 1849-55; Abram Snyder, 1858- 
59. Rev. Reuben Ball died at this charge in 1827. 
Nicholas Bray, Jacob Bray, Daniel E. Burbank, Rufus 
Chase, Edmund Wat.son, and Josiah Houghton, all Baptist 



preachers, began their ministerial lives in this church. Rev. 
Jacob Bray is trustee and clerk in charge of the property. 

SOUTH BRIDOTON PARISH. 

June 30, 1825, the citizens of South Bridgton united in 
building a meeting-house which should be free for the use 
of all ministers in good standing. John Perley, A.sa In- 
galls (2d), and Francis Foster were the building committee. 
It was built near the school-house, opposite the new church, 
and dedicated Nov. 15, 1826, by Rev. Valentine Little, of 
Lovell, Me. The labor account shows, among the subse- 
quent temperance reformers, the following items : " A.sahel 
Cram furnishes 1 gallon of gin ; Jonathan Fessenden, 2 
quarts of rum ; Enoch Perley, spirits, 40 cents." Under 
the labors of Rev. Mr. Fessenden a temperance work was 
begun, which resulted in the present temperate character 
of their descendants. The church was formed Dec. 30, 
1829, by Enoch Perley and wife, Phineas Ingalls and wife, 
John Peabody, Betsey Burnham, and Lucinda Mead, 
members at Bridgton, who had apiplied for a dismission 
November 29th ; Jonathan Fes.sendcn, a member at Frye- 
burg, and John Perley and Almira Ingalls, new members. 
Enoch Perley died December Gth. A second petition was 
refused by the pastors on the 16th, and an ex parte council 
called ; Rev. Jonathan Fessenden was chosen moderator, 
and Rev. Carlton Hurd scribe. Three other ministers were 
present. After communicating with the church at Bridg- 
ton, the church was organized, and John Peabody ordained 
deacon. A donation of $1000 each by Enoch Perley and 
Lieut. Robert Andrews had been previously made to the 
Bridgton Church to revert to South Bridgton Parish on the 
settlement of a minister. Thomas Perley, of Boxford, 
Ma,ss., presented $645, and on his death-bed Enoch Perley 
paid to his sons a sufficient sum to make, with $2000 be- 
queated in his will, a fund of $5000 for the support of the 
mini.stry in this parish. 

Rev. J. Fessenden was pastor from 1830 to his death, in 
1861. He sleeps in the Lakeside Cemetery, beneath an 
altar surmounted by an open book, surrounded by his fol- 
lowers. Rev. S. G. Nareross remained one year. Rev. B. 
F. Manwell was installed October, 1862; dismissed 1868. 
Rev. Addison Blanchard, installed June, 1868 ; dismissed 
November, 1872. J. W. Brown ville, installed December, 
1873; dismissed November, 1877. Holland G. Fry, in- 
stalled 1877; resigned June, 1869. Present membership, 
84. Deacons, Israel P. Peabody, Henry E. Warren, Noah 
Sawyer, Thomas P. Kimball. Trustees of Fund, S. F. 
Perley, John P. Perley, Israel G. Hale, Wm. F. Fessenden, 
Joash 0. Knapp. A Gothic building of elegant design was 
erected by S. F. Peiley, John P. Perley, Darwin Ingalls, 
Edwin Fessenden, and A. J. Murch, committee, at an ex- 
pen.se of $10,000, and dedicated, July 14, 1871, by Rev. 
M. Barbour, D.D., of Bangor, assisted by Rev. Mr. Ting- 
ley, of Brownsfield, and Rev. E. P. Wilson, of Bridgton. 

THE NOIITU BRIDGTON CHURCH AND PARISH 

were formed Nov. 15, 1832. The members were Stephen 
Beeman and wife, Aaron Beeman and wife, Aaron Beeman, 
Jr., Ezra Gould and wife, and Moses Gould, members of 
First Bridgton Parish, and three new members. Stephen 




RUFUS G/BBS 




Rt;iiDLN(jL. d MiiLs or RUrUS GIBBS. BRIOGTON, ME. 





I'lioto. Uy Lnnisun, Poitliiiid 



WILMAM F. PKRRY. 



iEOROE TAYLOR. 



WILLIA.M V. PERRY 

was born in the town of Bridgton, Cumberland Co., Me., Feb. 
1, 1826. He reeeived a good common-school education, and 
learned the blacksmith's trade from his father, with whoin be 
remained until he reached his majority. 

In 1847 he established himself in business and carried on 
blaeksmithing for four years. Ho then engaged in the manu- 
facture of carriages, which business he followed for four years. 

In the year 1861 he purchased the water-power and com- 
menced building what is now known as the Forest Mills. 

In the fall of 1862 he formed a copartnership with Mr. 
George Taylor, and commenced the manufacture of woolen 
goods, under the firra-namo of Taylor & Perry. They carried 
on a prosperous business until Nov. 1, 1878, when the death 
of Mr. Taylor occurred. A stock company was immediately 
formed and styled "Forest Mills Company." Mr. Perry 
is also the largest stockholder in the Pondicherry Mills and 
one of its directors. 

Since President Pierce's administration he has adhered 
strictly to tlie principles of the Republican party, has held the 
oflSce of treasurer in his town, and served in the years 1872-73 
in the Legislature. He is not a member of any church, but 
a supporter of the Congregational society. 

He married, in 1859, Ann Maria, daughter nf Hufus 
Gibbs ; the result of this union is one daughter, Ida G. 

Mr. Perry's success in life is due to his own exertions. He 
is very thorough in whatever he undertakes, and is especially 
interested in doing all he can to promote the social and edu- 
cational interests of the community in which he lives. He 
pcssesses a genial and generous disposition, and throughout 
his life has been governed by principles of honor and integrity. 



GEOIKJE TAYLOll 

was born near Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Enghmd, March 23, 
1823. From chililbood to the day of his death he had been 
engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods, " a born manu- 



facturer," and he everywhere enjoyed the reputation of stand- 
ing at the head of his profe.ssion, possessing excellent taste 
and rare mechanical skill. 

In !March, 1848, he came to America. Was employed in the 
mills at Amesbury, Lawrence, and other places in Massachu- 
setts; at Woonsocket, R. I.; thence to Dexter, Me., where for 
seven years he was superintendent of the woolen-mills, and in 
the fall of 1862, at the instance of Mr. William F. Perry, the 
surviving partner, he came to Bridgton and forme<l a copart- 
nership (Taylor & Perry). The firm at once built the larger 
of the Forest Mills and put it in operation. At this time that 
portion of Bridgton village below the Pondicherry corner was 
literally a forest, there being but a few houses in that vicinity; 
and it may justly be said that to the establishment of this en- 
terprise, and afterwards of the Pondicherry Mills, is attributed 
the ren\arkable growth of what is now the most densely pop- 
ulated portion of Bridgton village. 

Mr. Taylor s thorough knowledge of manufacturing, coupled 
with his remarkable energy, and the large demand for a good 
article of woolen goods incident to the war, rendered the es- 
tablishment of the enterprise a success. Additions and en- 
largements followed in due time, and from that time to the 
])resont the mills have been in successful operation, furnishing 
steady, remunerative employment for a large number of people. 
Mr. Taylor was also for a number of years agent of the Pon- 
dicherry Mills, thus practically taking the entire responsibility 
of two hvrge woolen-mills. As a business man and a citizen 
Mr. Taylor was highly esteemed. Honest in all his deal- 
ings, generous in the treatment of his employees, of a genial, 
cheerful temperament, and manifesting a lively interest in 
every enterprise caiculaled In promote the interests nf the 
village. 

In the fall of 1877 Mr. Taylor was elected a representative 
to the Legislature, and served with credit to himself and con- 
stituents. In 1878 he was re-elected by a very handsome 
majority, and his death, which occurred November 1st of the 
same year, created a vacancy which necessitated another 
election. 



TOWN OF BRIDGTON. 



225 



and Aaron Beeman, Jr., were made deacons, and Moses 
Gould, clerk. Rev. Charles Soule was installed as first 
pastor in January, 1833. A cliurcli was erected at North 
Bridgton, and dedicated Jan. 1, 1834. The pastors have 
been Rev. Charles Soule, to 1835; Owen Buniham, 1835 
until his death, in 1836 ; Jo.seph Searle, 1837-41 ; L. W. 
Harris, 1842-52; Horace Wellington, 1853-54; John 
Dodd, 1855-5S; Edward S. Palmer, 1859-00; L. W. 
Harris, 1861-60; E. F. Bankers, 1866-71; Nehcmiah 
Lincoln, 1871-79,— ordained May 15, 1872. Present 
deacons, Asa Gould, Luke Brown; membership, 02; Oliver 
Barnard, clerk. 

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CIUIKCH. 

The records of this church previou.s to 1848 were de- 
stoyed by fire. The first church was erected on the present 
site, as Sand Creek or "Pinhook," in 1834. Rev. Gideon 
Perkins superintending the raising of the frame with prayer 
and appropriate ceremony. Francis Young was deacon at 
that time. Nathaniel Martin and wife and Hanna Kilborn 
were early members. Revs. Joseph Phinncy and Darling 
Huntress were also pastors previous to 1836. After, Revs. 
Hubbard Chandler, John Pike, N. W. Plummer, John 
Pinkham, to 1844; E. C. Willey, 1840-47; Hubbard 
Chandler, 1848; David Libby, 1850; Royal McDonald, 
licentiate, 1850; John Pike, 1851-52; E. G. Eaton, 
1853-55; John Pinkham, 1856-57; Gideon Perkins, 
1858; John Pinkham, 1859-08; Joseph Hutchinson, 
1873-77 ; Charles W. Foster, 1878. Present membership, 
29 ; James E. Libby, deacon, ordained 1808 ; William A. 
Lord, clerk. The church was rebuilt by tlie Ladies' In- 
dustrial Society in 1877, and rededicated, by Rev. John 
Pinkham, in June, 1877. The officers of the Ladies' 
Circle were Mrs. Abbie Berry, President ; Mrs. J. E. Libby, 
Secretary and Treasurer. Osborne Chaplin and Charles 
Trumbie were made deacons in 1851. 

Of the old Universalist Church of Bridgton there is but 
little record left, save the memory of the old meeting-house 
erected in' 1839. The settled pastors who taught there 
were Rev. Joseph A. Bartlett, Rev. Zenus Thompson, Rev. 
Edwin T. Quinby, Rev. Reuben M. Byron, Rev. Costcllo 
Weston. 

The church was reorganized under the labors of Rev. L. 
F. McKinney, and Sept. 1, 1870, their new church was 
dedicated by Rev. A. Gunnison, of Bath, Me. On the 
22d Mr. McKinney was ordained and installed as pastor. 
The organization was formed Sept. 1, 1870. Nathaniel S. 
Littlefield was chosen Parish Clerk ; Elkanah A. liittlefield. 
Treasurer and Collector; Frederick J. Littlefield, Jacob 
Hazen, William A. Stevens, Standing Committee; James 
P. Webb, George G. Wight, Daniel Dickens, Reuben Ball, 
and Micajah Gleason were among the first members. 

In 1873, Rev. 0. A. Rounds succeeded to the pastorate, 
remaining until 1877. Present officers: N. S. Littlefield, 
Parish Clerk ; Micajah Gleason, Treasurer and Collector ; 
William A. Stevens, James P. Webb, George G. Wight, 
Committee. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CIIUUCII. 

In February, 1820, Asa Barker, Jr., Jonathan Barker, 
Asa Barker, Daniel Burnham, John Martin, and Ephraim 
29 



Burnham were released from the Congregational Parish of 
Bridgton. Under the new law they wore joined by 44 
others, who filed certificates of exemption in 1821. The 
first church building was erected in 1862, in Bridgton 
village. A second building was erected in 1809, by Mar- 
shal Bacon, Rev. M. B. Cummings, George W. Freeman, 
and Samuel M. Cook, committee, on land purchased by the 
Ladies' Sewing Circle for 8400, and dedicated by Rev. Geo. 
Webber and Rev. K. Atchinson, of Gardner District, pre- 
siding elders. The pastors of this church have been Revs. 
S. Ranks, 1853; Charles Andrews, 1854; S. R. Russell, 
18.55; A. B. Lovewell, 1850-57; S. Blake, 1858; C. 
Hatch, 1859; G. F. Cobb, 1800-01; F. C. Ayer, 1802; 
A. B. Lovewell, 1803-04 ; J. Downing, 1805 ; G. F. Cobb, 
1860-68 ; M. B. Cummings, 1869 ; F. Grovcuer, 1870-71 ; 
N. Hobart, 1872-73; II. Vivian, 1874-75; C. Bradlee, 
1876-77; 0. M. Cousens, 1878-79. Officers, 1879: R. 
Staples, Recording Steward ; Levi Dougla.ss, Thomas Dick- 
ens, Abner Dodge, William Warren, Hiram Clark, Charles 
Farwell, James Goodwin, Stewards ; Jacob Cole, Treasurer ; 
D. P. Larrabee, B. F. Larrabee, G. D. Holmes, Daoiel 
Wiggins, William H. Larrabee, Trustees. 



At its organization the town comprised four school 
districts, known as the " Northerly, Westerly, and Middle 
Districts, and the Southerly" District, where 27 Ingalls 
children attended the same school. Eighteen pounds 
were voted for teachers' wages. Daniel Brighani, Simeon 
Burnham, Abner Dodge, and Robert Andrews were made 
committee to build school-houses in their respective dis- 
tricts. An academy was incorporated in 1803. The town 
was reorganized, forming 11 di.stnct.s, in 1821, under 
an appropriation of 8300, new school-houses built, and in 
1827 the academy moved from the Masonic Hall to North 
Bridgton. By 1852 the number of scholars had increased 
to 1150, residing in 21 districts, maintained at an expense 
of 81709, 81500 of which were raised by the town. Various 
private schools were sustained previous to the opening of the 
high school in 1873. 

In 1878 there were 20 districts, comprising 904 school- 
children, requiring 85065 for the support of their schools, 
S3500 of which were realized from town tax. Districts 
Nos. 6 and 17, comprising the main portion of Bridgton 
village, and a real estate valuation of 8389,096, forms a 
joint district for the support of the high school. 

BRIDGTON man school. 

The building, a fine edifice, near the centre of the town, 
was erected in 1872, under the administration of J. H. 
Kimball, school agent, F. J. Littlefield, George Taylor, E. 
T. Alley, building committee, at an expense of 812,000, and 
dedicated Jan. 25, 1873. The first term was opened in 
December, 1872, by A. G. Bradstreet, a member of the 
junior class in Bowdoin College, assisted by Miss Josie E. 
Gerry. A. F. Richard.son, A.M., of Bowdoin College, be- 
came principal on the opening of the spring term of 1873, 
and has retained that position to the present time with 
honor to himself and the school. It was graded in July, 
1873. No student prepared here has failed to pass the re- 



226 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



quired examination on entering college. A flourishing 
Ijccuni is connected with the school, and lectures of literary 
and educational topics maintained. 

Instructors. — Principal, Albert F. Ilichard.son, A.M.; 
Assistants, Miss Roxie Brighani, 1873; Miss Roxie Brig- 
ham, Miss Carrie M. Stone, 1874; Mi.ss Carrie M. Stone, 
Mrs. George E. Murphy, Mi.ss R. Brigham, 1875; Miss 
Georgia R. Holden, Miss Emma G. Gardner, 1876. 

School Officers and Committees. — Exaibining Committee, 
Rev. L. F. McKinney, Rev. T. S. Perry, Rev. N. Lincoln, 
D. P. Chaplin, Edward Bennett, Benjamin T. Chase, Miss 
Mary F. Farnham ; Agents, A. F. Richardson, Rev. N. 
Lincoln, Miss Mary F. Farnham ; Committees on Prize 
Declamations and Recitations, H. A. Shorey, Byron Kim- 
ball, U. Glcason, N. P. Potter, M.D., Rev. 0. A. Rounds, 
G. F. McQuillan, A.B., J. L. Wales, Mrs. T. S. Perry, 
Mrs. B. C. Stone, Mrs. Joseph J. Walker, Miss Georgia 
P. Bucknam, Miss Emma G. Gardner, Miss Emma C. 
Leland. 

NORTH BRIDGTON ACADEMY. 

The Bridgton Academy was incorporated by the Legis- 
lature of Massachusetts A.D. 1808, and by the charter it 
received a donation of State land. 

The sum of about $4000 had been previously contributed 
by citizens of Bridgton, Waterford, and Harrison towards 
the establishment of a permanent fund for its support. 
This fund has been increased by judicious management to 
$1500. 

The first ofiBcers of the institution were Rev. Nathan 
Church, President; Ezra Deane, Vice-President; Samuel 
Andrews, Treasurer; Stephen Chase, Secretary. 

The present officers are George Peirce, President ; Luke 
Brown, Vice-President; Philander Tolman, Treasurer; 
Thomas H. Mead, Secretary. 

The first principal was Bezaleel Cushman, the present 
principal is John F. Moody. 

The interests of the institution, educationally and finan- 
cially, have been well cared for. It is pleasantly located in 
a delightful and healthy region, which, in connection with 
its superior advantages of instruction, have made it a cen- 
tral educational point. Many of its graduates have become 
distinguished men. Large additions have been recently 
made to the philosophical, chemical, and astronomical ap- 
paratus. The academy grounds comprise four acres, hand- 
somely ornamented with deciduous and evergreen trees. 
The original academy building was erected in 1825. 
Another and larger one was erected in 1879, to be used as 
a lecture hall and laboratory. 

SECRET SOCIETIES. 



Oriental Lodge, No. 13, F. and A. M., charter granted at 
Boston, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, March 12, 1804, 
and signed by Isaiah Thomas, G. M. ; Timothy Bigelow, 
G. S. W. ; John Soley, G. J. W. ; John Proctor, G. S. 

The first meeting of the lodge was held at Bridgton 
Centre, March 26, 1804, when the following officers were 
elected : Oliver Pollard, W. M. ; Samuel Farnsworth, S. W. ; 
Eli Longley, J. W. ; Samuel Andrews, Treas. ; Charles Hay, 



Sec. ; James H. Bobbins, S. D. ; Nathaniel Geary, J. D. ; 
Robert Haskins, Tyler ; Seba Smith, S. The present officers 
are I. S. Webb, W. M. ; Geo. H. Willard, S. W. ; Alonzo L. 
Richardson, J. W. ; M. M. Caswell, Treas. ; Albert F. Rich- 
ardson, Sec. ; B. F. Cole, S. D. ; N. C. Burnham, J. D. ; 
Albert Gray, Tyler. 

KNIGHT.S OF PYTHIAS. 

Highland Lodge, No. 10, organized at Bridgton, Feb. 
17, 1874, with B. T. Chase, C. C. ; E. J. Leighton, V.C; 
P. P. Burnham, P. ; J. F. Chute, K. R. S. ; Geo. P. Per- 
ley, M. E. ; John M. Parley, M. F. ; Alex. Stevenson, M. A. ; 
P. U. Hamlin, I. G. ; Geo. E. Murphy, 0. G. Present 
officers, Frank Long, C. C. ; W. B. Bailey, V. C. ; D. W. 
Holden, K. R. S. ; Geo. P. Perley, P. ; A. F. Hill, M. F.; 
P. P. Burnham, M. E. ; B. W. Stevens, P. C. ; J. F. 
Chute, M. A. ; Isaac F. Teal, I. G. ; F. W. Shorey, 0. G. 

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS. 

Cmnherland Lodge, No. 30, instituted at Bridgton in 
1845. Samuel Andrews (2d), N. G. ; B. K. Carsley, 
V. G. ; W. T. Kilburn, W. ; W. W. Cross, Rec. Sec. ; Lewis 
Brigham, Treas. All their archives were destroyed by fire in 
1849. The receipts for 1878 were $1150, of which $817 
were expended for general relief. Present membership, 
238. Officers, F. P. Bennett, N. G. ; Ed. L. Lewis, V. G. ; 
E. A. Littlefield, Sec. ; H. B. Libby, Rec. See. ; Edward 
Gibbs, Treas. 

Mount Pleasant Encampment, A^o. 14, instituted at 
Bridgton, September, 1850. Charter members, R. Lam- 
son, Samuel Andrews (2d), W. T. Kilburn, S. C. Strout, 
R. K. Hunt, B. B. Ball, B. Dodge Present officers, Eu- 
gene Green, C. P. ; Volney Barker, H. P. ; T. M. Tolman, 
S. W. ; A. F. Richardson, J. W. ; E. A. Littlefield, Scribe; 
Dr. J. B. Bray, Treas. 

GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 

Farragut Post, A'o. 4, organized Oct. 7, 1870, H. A. 
Shorey, Commander ; Amos Stuart, Adjutant ; Benjamin 
Dodge, Jr., Quartermaster; L. F. McKinney, Chaplain; 
J. H. Kimball, Surgeon ; J. M. Murch, Officer of the Day; 
B. F. Milliken, Quartermaster-Sergeant. This organiza- 
tion of veteran soldiers disbanded in 1874. 

BANDS. 
BRIDGTON CADET BAND, 

organized April, 1876. H. G. Gerrish, Director. 

SOUTH BRIDGTON CORNET BAND, 

organized September, 1878. E. C. AVentworth, Con- 
ductor ; F. AV. Sanborn, Secretary. 

BRIDGTON BAND, 
organized by veterans of the 10th Maine Infantry Band 
at the close of the war. Among these were John T., 
Edward C, and Osgood B. Webb, Richard T. Bailey, and I 
David D. Blanchard. 

PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. 

South Bridgton Grange, No. 149, organized March, i| 
1873, with George E. Mead, Master; George F. Knapp, | 





MOSES GOULD, U.V. I'botos. by A. Gould, North Bridgton. ALBERT GOULD. 

ALBERT GOULD. 



Moses Gould, M.D., son of Ezra Gould, was born 
at North Bridgton, November, 1799. He received 
a collegiate education, and for four years was a 
teacher at Edisto, S. C. Returning, he studied medi- 
cine with Drs. Theodore Ingalls and Samuel Farns- 
worth, and commenced the practice of medicine and 
surgery at Bridgton. He married, March, 1828, 
Susan H., daughter of Gen. John Perley. His 
health becoming impaired, he relinquished the duties 
of his profession and gave his attention to garden- 
ing, a business much more conducive to his physical 
nature. 

He was a member of the Congregational Ciuircli 
of North Bridgton, and closely identified with church 
and like interests. As treasurer of the Bridgton 
Academy, he labored for the success of tiiat institu- 
tion. He died Jan. 27, 1874, endeared to all who 
knew him by his sterling qualities and force of char- 
acter. 

Albert Gould, only child of Dr. Moses Gould, was 
born at North Bridgton, Feb. 18, 1830. He entered 
Bowdoiu College in the class of 1847, and after one 
year entered the Harvard Law School, at Cambridge, 
Mass., where he graduated, and then entered the 
scientific school of that university. At the end of 
one year he accepted a position at Norwich, N. Y., 
as teacher of natural sciences, where he remained for 



four years, then returned to Cambridge and completed 
his scientific course. He married, July 26, 1856, 
Eliza A. Adams, of Andover, Mass. Mr. Gould 
was a man of great versatility of talent, and what- 
ever he undertook he did well. He had great natu- 
ral mechanical genius ; was an enthusiastic student 
of natural liistory, and his writings for scientific 
journals received favorable notice from the press. 
He had a good taste for music, and taught it to 
others ; and he delivered many interesting scientific 
lectures. The leading passion of his life was chem- 
istry, of which science he attained a high theoretical 
and practical knowledge. He built himself a ])rivate 
laboratory, where his too close application to chemi- 
cal studies is supposed to have hastened his death, 
which occurred Feb. 1, 1874. 

Mr. Gould was a member of Oriental Lodge and 
Chapter of Masons of Bridgton, and was county 
deputy of the order of Good Templars at one time. 
He was a Republican in politics. He was a member 
of the superintending school committee, and at the 
time of his death was coroner, postmaster, and justice 
of tlie peace. He was for many years a member of 
the Congregational Church. As a man he was kind 
hearted, genial, and possessed of a cheerful, sunny 
temperament, which made him the favorite in circles 
where he moved. 



TOWN OF BRIDGTON. 



227 



Overseer ; Edward Bennett, Sec. ; AVui. F. Fesseoden, 
Treas. ; Mrs. Mahala Berry, Ceres. Officers, 1879, Goo. 
E. Mead, Master; F. F. Jolinson, Overseer; Pascal Jordan, 
Sec. ; F. F. Fessendeo, Treas. ; Miss Mary Clioate, Ceres. 
Highland Grange, No. 115, North Bridgton, organ- 
ized Feb. 26, 1875, with Cliarles H. Gould, Master; 
Joseph S. Ingalls, Overseer ; Thomas E. Mead, Sec. ; 
George S. Burnell, Treas. ; Mrs. B. S. Gould, Ceres. 
A supply store was opened in 1870, with George S. 
Burnell Storekeeper. Officers, 1879, Edwin Ingalls, 
Master ; \Vm. H. Brighaui, Overseer ; Stephen A. Porter, 
Sec. ; Aaron Gibbs, Treas. ; Miss Julia Smith, Ceres. 
Membership, about 55. 

HISTORY OF THE BUSINESS INTERESTS OF 
BRIDGTON. 

Rufus Gibbs, saw-mill ; established by William Sears, 
1789. 

Bridgton House, M. M. Davis; established in 1816 by 
Richard Gage, Sr., and sold to Mial Davis, father of pres- 
ent proprietor, in 1839. 

E. E. Wilder, harness, 1847 ; established by Francis 
Ingalls, 1814. 

Capt. John Burbanks and Capt. John Wiilit.s kept stores 
in Bridgton, 1818-21. 

Perley Bros., since 1872, stools, tin, and peddlers' sup- 
plies; established by Cleaver & Son, 1826. 

J. C. Burnham, cooper; established 1825. 

Peter McGee, tailor, 1824 to 1871. 

Isaac Chase, boatbuilder; established 1830. 

Richard Gage, general merchandise, 1835 to 1845. 

Horace Billings, tannery ; established by Rufus Gibbs, 
1836; burned 1854 ; rebuilt 1S55. 

W. A. Stevens, groceries, crockery, and hardware. 

P. P. Burnham, dry goods, formerly Davis, Stevens & 
Co. ; established by Alvin Davis, 1844. 

E. T. Stewart, tailor; established 1847. 

T. Gibson, carriages ; established 1848. 

S. M. Haden, drugs, 1849 to 1877. 

Howard & Steadman, 1866; established by Hunt & 
Jewett, 1849. 

Cumberland Mills, woolen blankets, four set mill, Rufus 
Gibbs, proprietor; establislied 1855 by John Hall and 
Rufus Gibbs; burned 1855; in 1858, Mr. Gibbs became 
sole proprietor. 

E. R. Staples, established at South Bridgton, 1847; 
moved to Bridgton, 1857. 

B. F. Evans, furniture and window-shades ; established 
by R. A. Cleaves, 1856. 

John II. Coswell, jewelry ; established by F. B. Coswell, 
1850. 

Wm. J. Haden, stoves and tinware, 1855 to 1856. 

Cumberland House, M. C. Bacon ; established by Mar- 
shal Bacon, 1858. 

Jesse Murphy, doors, sash, and blinds, 1871 ; established 
by I. S. Hopkinson, 1859. 

J. K. Littlefield, carriages; established 1858. 

A. J. Noone, cigar-manufactory ; established 1860. 
Photography, E. M. Berry, 1874; established by M. W. 
Thompson, 1860. 



Lewis Smith, sash- and blind-manufactory; established 
1801. 

R. B. Bennett & Co.; established by R. B. Bennett, 
1861. 

Daniel Dickens, jewelry and fancy goods ; established by 
W. H. Jewett, 1805. 

J. Win.slow Jones, canned fruits; established 1805 ; ca- 
pacity, 35,000 or 40,000 cans per day. 

Miss M. E. Hill, milliuery; established 1805. 

Lewis Smith, sash, furniture, and coffins ; established 
1800. 

W. A. Stevens, paints and oils ; established by Rufus 
Gibbs & Son, 1807. 

Pondicherry Mills, cas.simeros, repellants, etc. ; a six set 
mill, furnishing employment for 50 operatives; originally 
built in 1860, by R. II. & Frederick Storcr, of Portland, 
and Alvin Davis and F. J. Littlefield, of Bridgton. Pon- 
dicherry Company organized in 1873. Rufus Gibbs, Presi- 
dent; 0. B. Gibbs, Treasurer ; William Iredale, Superin- 
tendent. 

Henry P. S. Gould, 1879 ; established by H. 0. Moses, 
1807. 

P. B. Waldron & Co., meats; established by Dennett & 
Kimble, 1808. 

George G. Wight, insurance ; established 1808. 

J. F. Bennett, harness ; established 1808. 

E. S. Littlefield, light wood-work ; established 1868. 
A. Harmon, fruits and cigars, 1870. 

Andrews & Waldren, shovel handles ; established 1870 ; 
closed in 1878 from exhaustion of the stock of timber. 

H. G. Gerrish, barber; established 1871. 

R. T. Bailey, machinery ; established 1871, in company 
with Samuel A. Miller. 

Isaac E. Allen & Sons, monuments and cut stone; es- 
tablished 1872. 

Fowler, Wales & Goodwin, dealers in hardware and agri- 
cultural implements ; established by Gibbs, Fowler & Wales, 
1872. 

Forest Mills, machinery and water-wheels; M. M.Caswell, 
Superintendent; established by S. A. Miller & Co., 1873. 

J. A. Bennett, dry goods and groceries; established by 
Davis & Bennett, 1873. 

Burnham & Co., trunk cleats; established 1873. 

W. B. Stevens, musical goods ; established 1875. 

J. H. Kimball, drugs; established 1875. 

Fogg & Dodge, groceries; established 1876. 

W. B. Bailey, harness; established 1876. 

J. S. Libby, clothing; estjibli.shed 1876. 

A. F. Gerrish, job-printing ; established 1877. 

Forest Mills, flouring-mill ; established 1877 ; staves and 
shooks; established 1878; Ilarrimon Bros. 

F. M. Larrabee, boots and shoes; established 1857; 
work-shop established 1857. 

Mrs. E. M. Cook, millinery; established 1878. 

George E. Murphy, sash and blinds; established 1879. 

J. II. Davis, frames and brackets, 1879. 

Lewis Bradstreet, plumber; established 1879. 

Forest Mills Company, carriage trimmings ; William F. 
Perry, President; James Taylor, Superintendent; estab- 
lished 1879 ; employs 00 to 70 operatives. 



228 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



LAWYERS. 

William Pike wa.s the first resiJent niember of the bar. 
He came from Cornish in 1819, and opened an office now 
occupied by Hon. N. S. Littlefield. He died in 1828. 
William GrafFara and " Esquire Howe" practiced hero 
j)revious to 1810. The late Judge Jo.seph Howard, of 
Portland, began practice in Bridgton in 1824, remain- 
ing sis months. He was succeeded by Hon. William Pitt 
Fessendeu and Nathaniel S. Littlefield, then young 
men, who formed a partnership, which was dissolved 
by the retirement of Mr. Fessenden to other fields in 
1830. William Paine, of Portland, afterwards marshal 
of Maine, came in 1831, remaining two years. Thomas 
J. Goodwin was here from 183-1 to 1835; Henry Car- 
ter, 1836 to 1846. John P. Davis studied with Mr. 
Littlefield and remained a year, in 1840-41. Samuel 
Strout, 1841 to 1845, returning to Portland. S. M. Har- 
mon, from 1863 to his death in 1877. David Hale, a na- 
tive of Bridgton, who was admitted to the bar in 1862, en- 
tered the army, returned to his practice after the war, and 
died in 1873. 

Resident lawyers not practicing : Samuel C. Smith, Da- 
vid P. Chaplin. 

Now practicing law in Bridgton : Hon. B. T. Chase since 
1869, N. S. Strout, and Hon. Natlianiel S. Littlefield. 

Mr. Littlefield has practiced law in Bridgton for fifty- 
two years, was secretary of the State Senate in 1831 and 
1832, a member of the State Senate in 1837-39, and in 
1839 president of the Senate. He was representative in 
Congress for Oxford District in 1840-41, for the Cumberland 
District in 1848, representative in the State Legislature in 
1856, and was made an honorary member of the Oxford 
Bar Association in 1871. He is the oldest practicing law- 
yer in Oxford or Cumberland Counties. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Before tlie advent of a doctor, it is said that Noah Stiles 
being unwell, was obliged to go to Standish for medical ad- 
yiee. Procuring the prescription, he returned on foot, 
carrying a gallon of molasses and a bushel of salt ! 

Dr. Samuel Farnsworth, the first physician in the town, 
came in 1790. He became eminent in his profession, and 
was a leading citizen until his death in 1817. Dr. Samuel 
Farnsworth, Jr., his son, and a native of Bridgton, suc- 
ceeded to his practice, residing in North Bridgton. Dr. 
Theodore Ingalls began practice in 1817, living with his 
father, Phineas Ingalls, at South Bridgton. He moved to 
Bridgton soon after, and continued his practice until 1829. 
Dr. Jonathan Fessenden came to South Bridgton in 1818, 
and retired from business in 1839. Dr. Moses Gould, a 
native of Bridgton, located at North Bridgton in 1825, re- 
tiring from active practice in 1850. He died in 1874. 
Dr. Nathaniel N. Pease came to Bridgton in 1828, became 
a prominent political leader, representing his districts in the 
Legislature and State Senate. He died in 1866. Dr. 
Thomas Perley, grandson of Enoch Perley, Esq., had an 
extensive practice from 1841 to 1851, when he was suc- 
ceeded by Dr. Josiah M. Blake. 

Of the present physicians. Dr. John IL Kimball, es- 
tablished in the village in 1859, and Dr. Nathaniel P. I'uttcr, 



1865, are natives of Bridgton. Dr. John B. Bray began 
in 1875; James P. Webb, 1860; Charles E. Hill, 1861; 
William B. Perkins, 1870; Sylvester Bobbins, 1864. 

Z;r-»//.s/s.— William H. Haskell, established 1862, and 
joined by his son, William S. Haskell ; Luther G. Kimball, 
since 1873. 

MILITARY. 

SOLDIERS OP THE REVOLUTION. 

Nathan Hale. 

Jacob Ilazen, from Beverly, Mass , enlisted 1776, served 
three years ; kept hotel in North Bridgton previous to 1800. 

Stephen Gates, sergeant, came to Bridgton from Andovcr, 
Mass., in 1768: served through the war; went to Ohio in 
1790. 

Asa Parker, wagoner, was under arms at the surrender 
of Burgoyne. 

David Clark, born at Topsfield, Ma.ss., 1748, entered the 
Continental army in 1776; served through the war; re- 
turned to Bridgton, where he died in 1831. 

Ephraim Davenport, in the northwest expedition ; died 
in 1838. 

Joseph Kimball, served through the war under Wash- 
ington ; died at Bridgton. 

Lieut. Robert Andrews, a native of Boxford, Mass., par- 
ticipated in the battle of Bunker and Breed's Hill ; died at 
Bridgton in 1845, aged ninety-two. 

Isaiah Ingalls. 

Capt. Phineas Ingalls, a native of Andover, Mass., served 
through the war; died at Bridgton, January, 1844, aged 
eighty-six. 

Lieut. John Ilayward was in the Acton, Mass., militia, 
under Capt. Isaac Davis, at Concord, April 19, 1775 ; took 
command of the company on the fall of Capt. Davis, and 
was the first to cross North Bridge under a heavy fire from 
the 10th Regulars. He participated in the battles of Bun- 
ker Hill, White Plains, Trenton, and Monmouth ; removed 
to Bridgton at the end of the war, where he lived with his 
son until his death, Feb. 13, 1825, aged eighty-four years. 

Capt. John Kilborn, a Minute-Man of April 19, 1775, 
enlisted as corporal, 177G ; was at the storming of Stony 
Point, Ticonderoga ; promoted sergeant Dec. 1, 1777, was 
captain in 1780 ; moved to Bridgton 1794; died Sept. 8, 
1842. 

SOLDIERS OF 1812. 

Nathan Hilton, Nathan Dodge, Samuel Ingalls, John 
M. Fields, in Capt. Kilborn 's company, Portland; Enoch 
Frost, Robert D. Bisbee, George Fitch, Luther Carman, 
Aaron Brigham, Daniel Perley, Nathaniel Martin, Jere- 
miah Hale, William Stevens, William Libby, Richard T. 
Smith, in Capt. Kilborn's company ; Capt. Samuel An- J 
drews. I 

Capt. John Kilborn, Jr., stationed at Portland, and pro- 
moted to colonel ; Uriah Gibbs, John Davenport, Amos 
Gould, Darius Long. John Lamson, under Gen. Brown ; 
captured at Sackett's Harbor ; held as hostage and taken 
to Montreal, Quebec, and ILdifax, where he was discharged. 
Aaron Littlefield, stationed as guard at Kennebunk ; Joseph 
Milliken, drafted as a marine, was on duty at Fort Preble, 
and participated in the engagement between the " Constitu- 
tion" and the " Guerriere." Henry Day. 



/^"' 




-^o^-i^ir^^ 





©F ©@IL. sSQHira P. lr>BAmV, §(£)y¥Kl [BROD©/^uJ, li.J-iJUJlS. 



TOWN OF BRIDGTON. 



229 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



COL. JOHN P. PERLEY 

is a dcsceiidaDt of one of tlie oldest families in America. 
His ancestor, Allen Perley, was a native of Wales, and 
emigrated to New J]ngland, arriving at Cliarlestown, Mass., 
July 12, 1G80. From thence he removed, in 1G34, to 
Ipswich, and the year following married Susanna Bokeson, 
by whom he had four sons, viz., John, Samuel, Thomas, 
and Timothy. The third son represented the second gen- 
eration in direct descent of our subject. He had two sons, — 
Thomas and Jacob, — the elder of whom was the third 
generation. His family consisted of three sons, — Thomas, 
Allen, and Asa, the oldest of whom was the fourth gener- 
ation ; and his family embraced five sons, — Isaiah, Oliver, 
Thomas, Enoch, and Aaron, of whom Enoch was the grand- 
father of Col. John P. Perley, who was born at Boxford, 
Mass., May 18, 1749, and became a resident of Bridgton 
in 1776, settling in the southern part of the town, on the 
place now owned and occupied by his grandson, 'Squire 
Perley. He was a man of strong nativ.e intellect, ready 
tact, and uncommon sagacity. He held many of the most 
important offices in the town, and was for many years an 
acting magistrate, and became extensively known as a man 
of intelligence and superior business capacity. He was a 
strict utilitarian, for whatever his hand touched was always 
turned to some practical account. By extraordinary fore- 
cast and untiring industry he accumulated a large estate. 
He was a man of active benevolence, and was noted for his 
public gifts for the support of religion. He was married 
to Miss Annie Flint, who was born July 2G, 1753. Their 
family consisted of two sons, viz., John and Thomas, and 
three daughters, — Rebecca, Nancy, and Huldah. This 
worthy man died Dec. 23, 1829; his wife's death occurred 
April 15, 1823. The homestead was inherited by John, 
who was born Jan. 5, 1779, in Bridgton. He was a prac- 
tical surveyor by profession, and was for years connected 
with the State militia, and at the time of liis resignation 
held the rank of brigadier-general. He was married to 
Miss Sarah Treadvvell, of Groton, Mass. She was born 
Aug. 2G, 1782. They had a family of three boys and five 
girls, only four of whom are now living, viz., Mary M., 
widow of Rens.selaer Cram, and resides in Portland ; Au- 
gustus, a resident of Bridgton Centre; John P., and Sarah, 
wife of Marsliall Cram, of Brunswick, Me. Gen. Perley 
died May 13, 1841 ; his wife died Sept. 30, 18G0. John 
P. was born on tiie old homestead, July 31, 1815. He 
has always been engaged in agricultural pursuits. He is a 
Republican in politics, and has held luany positions of trust 
and honor in liis town. He was a member of the State 
Legislature of 1861, '62, '65. In his early lifehe wascon- 
nected with the State militia, from which he retired with the 
rank of colonel. He is also a trustee of the Bridgton Acad- 
emy. He was married June 25, 1840. to Clarissa, daughter 
of Asa and Phoebe (Berry) Ingalls, of Bridgton. She was 
boru May 27, 1817. They have no off"spiing. They are 
both active and energetic members of the Congregational 
Church of Bridgton. Col. Perley resides on the old home- 
stead of his father, and, although over threescore years of 
age, he still retains the activity of early manhood. 



ISRAEL P. PEABODY. 

Lieut. Francis Peabody, of St. Albans, Hertford.shire, 
England, born in 1G14, came to New England in the ship 
"Planter," in 1G35. lie first resided at Ipswich, and in 
the summer of 1G38 became one of the original settlers of 
Hampton, Ma.ss. He, in 1681, became a resident of Tops- 
field. He married Mary Foster. His death occurred Feb. 
19, 1697. His wife died April 9, 1705. 




ISRAEL P. PEABODY. 

The lineage is traced thrcmgh his progeny as follows: 
giving one in each generation, and beginning with his .son, 
who was third in a family of twelve children (William, born 
1646; John, born Ang. 1, 1695; John, born Aug. 20, 
1732; John, Nov. 2, 1766; Israel P., subject of this 
sketch). John Peabody, grandfather of Israel P., was a 
lieutenant in the Provincial army at the taking of Ticon- 
deroga by the French, in 1759, was at the siege and capture 
of Louisbourg, in 1758, was captain of a militia company 
that marched from Andover on the news of the battle of 
Bunker Hill. He removed to Bridgton, Me., in the winter 
of 1783-84. He was known as a man of integrity, good 
intellect, and ready wit, and was one of the deacons of the 
First Congregational Church. He died June 12, 1820. 
His wife was Mary Perley, the mother of ten children ; she 
died July 15, 1824. 

His father, John, married Ascnath Stevens, in 1794. 
He was also a deacon in the Congregalional Cliarch, and 
died May 13, 1838. His wife died"^ April 19, 1840. They 
had eleven children, of whom Israel P. is ninth child, born 
in the town of Bridgton, April 24, 1810; married Oct. 23, 
1834, Rebecca, daughter of Francis and Polly (Wilson) 
Foster, of Bridgton. She was born June 19, 1811. 

Mr. Peabody has always been engjiged in agricultural 
pursuits, and resided upon the farm settled by his grand- 
father. He is a promoter of good society, and has been a 
member of the Congregational Church since he was sixteen 
years of age. Politically, he is a member of the Republican 



230 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



party. Their children are Mary A. (deceased) ; Mrs. Aloiizo 
C. Ciiapin, of Cape Elizabeth ; Mrs. A. Cliapiri, of Portland ; 
Mrs. Appletou D. Hill, of Naples ; Mrs. Alonzo E. Quinn, of 
Portland ; Mrs. Daniel F. Johnson, of Portland ; Francis 
E. (deceased) ; Mrs. Wallace W. Hatch, of Cape Elizabeth ; 
and Charles E. 



LUKE BROWN. 



The Brown family wa.s first settled in America at Water- 
town, Mass., in the years 1030-31, by two brothers, Abra- 
ham and Joseph, from Surrey, England. Their descendants 
remained for years in the eastern part of Massachusetts. 

Joshua, the grandfather of our subject, was a native 
of that State, and removed in early life to Stowe, Mass. 




I.I;KE BRilWN. 

He was a man of sterling qualities, and was captain in the 
American army during the Revolutionary war, was present 
at the battle of Bunker Hill, and was the last man to leave 
the fort before its occupation by the British forces. He 
reared a large family of children, of whotn Obededom, the 
father of our subject, was the second son. This old soldier 
died at Stowe about the year 1815, at the age of seventy-four. 

Obededom was born at Stowe, Mass., May, 1782. He 
was married to Betsey Walcott, of Bolton, Mass. He re- 
moved to Livermore, Me., in 1820, where he died Dec. 15, 
1839. His wife died at North Bridgton, Jan. 2, 1843, 
aged fifty-six years. By his marriage he became the father 
of ten children, viz, Susan, Luke, Obededom, Charles W., 
Betsey, Mary Ann, Lydia Augusta, George, Martha Pit- 
man, and Samuel B. W., five of whom are now living. 

Luke, our subject, was born in Bolton, Mass., Aug. 23, 
1807. His father being a carpenter, he was apprenticed 
to the same trade. He removed to Livermore with his 
father, where he remained four years ; he then went to 
Boston, where he commenced business for himself as a 



carpenter, and where he resided till 1840. His educational 
advantages were limited. He is a life member of the Mas.sa- 
chu.setts Charitable and Mechanics' Association, which he 
joined Oct. 26, 1829. In 1810 he removed to Bridgton, 
where he engaged in the manufacture of furniture, which 
he conducted till 1878, manufacturing his wares from the 
native log, and shipping his products to domestic and foreign 
ports. He was also engaged in the general merchandise 
trade. He was married April 9, 1829, to Sophronia, 
daughter of Nathan H. and Ruth (Foster) Bartlett, of 
Boston, where she was born July 23, 1808. By this 
union he had eight children, three of whom are living, — 
George H., born April 9, 1830, and is engaged in the 
manufacture of furniture at Bridgton ; Cornelia M., born 
Jan. 5, 1846, and is the wife of Charles W. Hill, of Bridg- 
ton ; Freeman H., born Dee. 5, 1849, and is a manufacturer 
of furniture at his father's old stand. His wife died May 
15, 1871. He afterwards was married, Sept. 16, 1872, to 
Lizzie, daughter of James and Sarah (Proctor) Jordan, of 
Waterford, Me. ; she was born at that place. In polities 
he was originally a Democrat, but on the nomination of 
Franklin Pierce for President of the United States, being 
opposed to the extension of slavery, he joined the Free- 
Soilers, and afterwards, on the organization of the Republican 
party, was one of its foremost promoters in the State. He 
has held the office of chairman of selectmen, and other town 
offices ; represented his district in the State Legislature of 
1855, being the first Republican legislator elected from 
his town. He was also a member of the State Senate of 
1807-68. Is an active supporter of religion, being con- 
nected with the Congregational Church of North Bridgton, 
and has been a member of a religious organization since 
1827, and has been deacon of the church most of the time 
of his residence in the town. He has, since 1843, been one 
of the trustees of the Bridgton Academy. Mr. Brown has 
retired from active business, having delegated to his sons 
the responsibility of maintaining the honor and credit of an 
enterprise of which he was the father, and which has been 
a source of revenue and prosperity to the town of Bridgton. 



P. P. BURNHAM, 



son of George and Plorilla Burnham, natives of Gilead, Me., 
was born in Gilead, Oxford Co., June 26,1845. He re- 
ceived his education in the common school at home, in 
Gould's Academy, at Bethel, and at the Maine Wesleyan 
Seminary. 

In 1803 he went to Portland, and was a clerk in the dry- 
goods house of R. A. Chapman until 18(i7, when he became 
a clerk for Deering, Milliken & Co., jobbers of dry goods. 
In 1869 he became a member of the firm of Davis, Stevens 
& Co., of Bridgton, and upon the dissolution of that firm, in 
1876, he commenced business alone in the same building 
formerly occupied by the firm of which he was a member. 
He was elected treasurer of the Bridgton Savings Bank in 
1872, which position he resigned in February, 1879, and 
was elected one of the trustees of that bank. He is one of 
the substantial business men of Bridgton, and a promoter 
of all worthy local enterprises. He married, Aug. 29, 




Residence; or P. P. BURNHAM, Bridgton, Maine 













Residence OF ALBERT F.RICHARDSON, Bridgton, Me 




CJl . (i . Ud o.\^y\ aA.A 



Photo, liy L. M. Berry, Bridgton. 



Daniel, tlie grandfather of this gentleman, wtis 
born at Andover, Mass., Jan. 20, 1758. He was 
the youngest of seven sons who, with their father, 
were all soldiers in the Revolutionary war. In 
1781 he came to Bridgton, and settled on the same 
farm now owned and occupied by his grandson. 
He married Ruth Andrews, a native of Boxford, 
Mass., she being born in the year 1764. Their 
family consisted of three sons and three daughters. 
The sons' names were Putnam, Daniel, and John. 
He died April 6, 1832, and his wife Dec. 8, 1837. 

Daniel, the father of R. A. Barnard, was born in 
Bridgton, June 18, 1798. He turned his attention 
during his life to the improvement and tilling of 
the soil. He was married, Nov. 3, 1833, to Keziah, 
daughter of Joseph and Martha (Jordan) Dinglcy. 
She was born in Qlsco, Cumberland Co., Me., Aug. 
6, 1811. By his marriage he became the father of 
a .son and daughter; the latter died in childhood. 
He was a mend)er of the old Whig party, and held 
the rank of captain in the State militia. He was 



a man of strict integrity and honest worth, and at 
his death, which occurred June 19, 1854, he was 
deeply mourned by friends and neighbors. 

Robert A., the only son of this worthy couple, 
was born on the old homestead, March 22, 1840; 
lie was reared to agricultural pursuits, and has re- 
mained on the old farm all his life, excepting six 
years he spent in California engaged in sheep- 
raising. He has had the advantages of only a 
CO mm on -school education. He was married, Nov. 
26, 1872, to Annette, daughter of William and 
Elizabeth (Fessenden) Farnham, of Bridgton, where 
she was born Dec. 1, 1849. They have but 
one child, Evelyn F., born July 3, 1876. He is a 
Republican in politics, but was never an office- 
seeker. Mr. Jiarnard is engaged at present in 
farming, and is one of the town's most enterprising 
citizens. He devotes his means liberally to re- 
ligious and charitable purposes, and is proud that 
he resides on the farm which h;us been in posses- 
sion of the family for three generations. 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



231 



1874, Helen M., daughter of Capt. Nicholas, of Scarsport, 
Me. They have an only daughter, Edith, born May 15, 
1875. 



RUFUS GIBBS, 



son of Alpheus and Abigail (Wheeler) Gibbs, was born in 
the town of Bridgton, Cumberland Co., Me., Aug. 26, 
1800. He attended the district schools during his boy- 
hood, and there obtained the rudiments of an education, 
which subsequent self-study and observation largely aug- 
mented. At the age of fourteen, on account of the death 
of his father, he embarked in the pursuits of life for him- 
self. He engaged with John Porley, with whom he re- 
mained seven years, during which time he worked mostly 
at tanning, and the remainder of the time upon the farm. 
Upon reaching his majority he established himself in busi- 
ness in the village of Bridgton, as a tanner and leather 
merchant, and was also quite largely engaged in land spec- 
ulation. This business he continued until about the year 
1840, when he gave his entire attention to lumbering until 
the fall of 1855, when he commenced the building of the 
large " blanket-mill," which was completed and in opera- 
tion the following April. Mr. Gibbs, in connection with 
his sons, was in business successfully until 1877, when he 
retired. In politics he has always been a Republican, and 
has never missed a presidential or State election. He never 
sought political preferment. Although often urged to accept 
different nominations, he always declined the flattering 
honor upon business considerations, until in 1878 he gave 
way to the urgent solicitations of his party, and accepted 
the nomination for representative. He was elected by a 



large majority, and served one term with credit to himself 
and satisfaction to his constituents. Mr. Gibbs is an active 
member of the Congregational Church, contributing largely 
to its benevolent and missionary enterprises. In 1825 he 
married Adeline, daughter of Joseph Sears. Of this union 
were born seven children. Four sons and one daughter are 
living, — Edward A., Ann Maria, wife of William F. Perry, 
Chai-les E., John S., and Horace I. Mr. Gibbs is one of 
Bridgton's most honored and substantial citizens. 



ALBERT F. RICHARDSON, 

son of Mark Richardson, was born in Sebago, July 2, 1841. 
For many years he was a teacher, and taught schools suc- 
cessfully in Sebago, Otisfield, Harrison, Bristol, and in 
Bethel and Monmouth Academies. He graduated at Bow- 
doin College in 1873, and received the honorary degree 
of A.M. from Colby University in 1876. In 1873 he 
took charge of the Bridgton High School, which position 
he retains in 1879. 

Mr. Richardson has always been interested in all local 
enterprises tending to make society better, and is a man of 
correct habits, of strong force of character, and possessed of 
a rare executive ability. He is also noted as a disciplina- 
rian. 

While a resident of Sebago he was a member of the 
school committee, and for two years was a selectman of the 
town. He is a member of the school committee of Bridg- 
ton. He has been Noble Grand of Cumberland Lorlge 
of Odd-Fellows, Worthy Master of Oriental Lodge of Free- 
Masons, and Worthy Chief Templar of Selden Connor Lodge 
of Good Templars. 



BRUNSWICK. 



TOPOGRAPHICAL FEATURES. 
The town of Brunswick forms the northeastern portion 
of Cumberland County. It is bounded north by the An- 
droscoggin River, noted for its numerous ftills and abundant 
water-power. The New Meadows River, on the east, sepa- 
rates this town and Harpswell, which lies directly south of 
it, from Bath, West Bath, and Pliippsburg. New Meadows 
River rises in the town of Bath, about half a mile from 
Merrymeeting Bay, and flows south into Casco Bay. It 
was anciently called Stevens' River. Merrymeeting Bay, 
which lies east of Bmnswick, is formed by the confluent 
waters of the Androscoggin, Muddy, Cathance, Abagadus- 
set, and Kennebec Rivers. It is about six miles in length 
and three in breadth at its widest part. In a deed from Sir 
Ferdinando Gorges to Sir Richard Edgecomb, in 1637, this 



sheet of water is called the " Lake of New Somerset." In 
other ancient deeds it is called " Swan Pond."* 

The scenery of Brunswick and of the territory imme- 
diately adjacent to it is varied and interesting. The central 
portion of the town consists chiefly of low, sandy plains. 
" In the western part a rocky elevation is to be observed, 
extending quite from the Androscoggin to Casco Bay. 
Many citizens are familiar with the picturesque scenery at 
Rocky Hill, some four miles up the river road, where this 
ridge begins. At the deep cut, some three miles west of 
the village, the railroad passes through a depression of this 
ridge, but at Oak Hill it again rises to full height. 

" A few miles farther, another depression is succeeded by 

* Pejepscot PRpcr6. — Whekler. 



232 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Brimstone Hill, in Freeport, which completes the line quite 
to Hairaseekit L;widinji, on C;isco Bay. From Oak Hill, 
and the higher points of the parallel ridge west of it, tlie 
sea is usually visible. From all elevated points, for miles 
around, appear also the spires of the villages of Brunswick 
and Topsham, the highest among them being the twin 
towens of King's Chapel. On the approach from up river, 
Powder-House Hill (at an earlier date known as Sunset 
Hill) hides much of the villages from view. A bend of the 
river, with a broad expansion at this point, gives all the 
effect of a lake, with the accessories of high, rocky banks, 
green hills, low, grassy shores, and sandy beaches. 

" At the upper railroad bridge, where the banks of the 
river approach each other and the compressed waters go 
rolling on between the firm bounds of rock, the scene begins 
to change. Here is the beginning of the Brunswick Falls, 
the finest water-power on the Atlantic coast. This mag- 
nificent fall of water, though lacking in the grandeur which 
attaclies to the more famous falls of some other rivers, has 
yet a beauty of its own which should by no means be over- 
looked. Its numerous cascades afford not only varied and 
picturesque views, but furnish a motive-power probably un- 
surpassed in New England within so small a space. The 
natural bed of the fall consists of coarse graphic granite 
and gneiss. The rock upon the middle fall projects above 
the water at several points, serving as natural abutments to 
the several sections of the dam. Shad Island, the former 
site of the mills, divides the lower fall about midway. 
There are three pitches : the first has a vertical descent of 
about eleven feet, the middle of fourteen feet, and the lower 
of about fifteen feet. The total height of the fall is about 
forty-one feet above high tide, which flows to the foot of the 
fall, causing a variation in the height of the water of about 
three feet. The whole horizontal distance of the descent is 
nineteen hundred and eighty feet." 

The soil of Brunswick varies from the sandy loam of the 
plains to a gravelly loam at the westward. Rich loams and 
heavy clays are found in a few localities. Peat has been 
found in the low ground east of Miss Narcissa Stone's 
house, and has been used by her. The best farms were 
formerly (and probably are now) at Middle Bay and Ma- 
quoit. The land is said, however, to have been much more 
fertile in former times than at present. 

The climate of this region is somewhat different near 
the sea-coast from fliat a few miles farther inland. In 
Harpswell, and around the bays of Brunswick, the tem- 
perature is as uniform as it usually is on the coast of Maine. 
Topsham, from its greater elevation, is cooler than Bruns- 
wick in the summer, and, probably owing to its southern 
slope, is slightly warmer in the winter. 

EARTUyUAKES. 

Accounts have been preserved of some ten shocks of 
earthquake, which have occurred here since the first settle- 
ment of Brunswick. The first and severest was the one 
which was felt throughout New England, and is called the 
" Great Earthquake." It happened on Tuesday, Nov. 18, 
1755, at about a quarter past four o'clock A.M. The un- 
dulation of the earth's surface in this vicinity was so vio- 
lent as to rock houses, and throw down chimneys, log 



fences, and crockery from the shelves. The chimney of 
llev. Mr. Dunlap's house fell in, and some of his cliildren 
narrowly escaped injury. The inhabitants generally were 
greatly alarmed, and viewed the occurrence as an omen of 
evil. Rev. Mr. Dunlap preached a sermon with especial 
reference to this event. The other earthquakes were much 
less severe, though some of them were suiBcient to cause a 
degree of trepidation among the timid. They occurred 
Nov. 22, 1755; June 12, 1805, at 7.30 A.M.; June 26, 
1808, at 2.51 p.m. ; Nov. 28, 1814, at 7 p.m. ; the oscilla- 
tions moved from north to south, lasted fifty seconds, and 
were followed by an explo.sion ; May 23, 1817, at 3 p.m., 
lasted one minute; March 7, 1823, at 10 a.m.; July 25, 
1828, at 6 A.M. ; Aug. 26, 1829, at 9 p.m., and at 9.15 
P.M.; and Oct. 17, ISGO. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

Thomas Purchase was the first settler within the present 
boundaries of the town of Brunswick. There is some 
doubt as to the precise location of his residence, some au- 
thorities placing it at the head of New Meadows River, and 
others at Pejepscot (now Brunswick) Falls ; but the fact 
that he settled here as early as 1628, before there were any 
other English settlements east of Saco, is abundantly ' 
proven. In 1632, he and George Way obtained a patent 
from the Plymouth Council (of England) for a tract of 
land embracing the famous salmon-fishery at the Pejepscot, 
and extending on both sides of the river " four miles square 
towards the sea." Way never settled on any portion of 
this patent. In 1639, Purchase, in an indenture made 
with Governor Winthrop, placed it under the jurisdiction 
of Massachusetts Bay, desiring, no doubt, in this remote 
and isolated situation, to secure the assistance and protec- 
tion of the strongest neighboring English colony, in case of 
an outbreak or difiiculty with the Indians. It does not 
appear that Purchase desired to form a settlement of any 
considerable extent upon his grant, but had selected this 
site with a view of monopolizing the fishing-ground and 
trade with the natives. 

His first house was destroyed by fire, and "by this dis- 
aster he lost in the flames the only copy of the patent by 
which he held his property. The original had been left \ 
with Mr. Francis Ashley, in England."* It was very likely i' 
soon after this fire that he changed his place of abode. At 
all events, he soon after erected " a small cottage for a 
present slielter," and it was while here that he was visited 
by Mr. Edward Rishworth.| This structure was afterwards 
superseded by " a fair stone house," in which he is supposed 
to have lived during the remainder of his residence at Pe- 
jepscot. 

Thomas Purchase must have been a man well known in 
the colony. He not only held at different times ofiiccs of 
trust and responsibility, but also made, it would seem, a 
frequent appearance in court. 

The first account of him after his immigration to this 
country is of his appearance at Saco, in 1630. 

On June 25th of that year he was present with Isaac Al- 
lerton, Capt. Thomas Wiggen, and others, and saw Richard 

» Maine Hist. Coll., iii. p. 330. f Pejepscot Papers. 





GEORGE SKOLFIEI.D 



riiMt..*. I.y A. O. Refd, Brunswick. 

GEORGE SKOLFIELD. 



CEORHE R. SKOLKIELD. 



George SkolfieKl was boni in tlic year 1780 in a 
house which stood near where the present fine ret^i- 
dence of his son, George R. Skolfield, now is, in 
the town of Harpsweli, on wluit is called tiie " Neck 
Road." His early life was spent on the farm, in 
the mean time acquiring such education as he could 
in the public schools of Har])swell nearly a century 
ago. 

At the age of twenty -one he began the business 
of ship-building without business connection or ac- 
quaintance, and without a single dollar of capi- 
tal, even borrowing the small sum necessary to i)ur- 
cliase his first broad-axe. With that business ability 
and persistency which so eminently marked his 
whole business life of more than sixty years, he 
steadily pursued his chosen calling, cacli year es- 
tablishing a higher reputation and more extensive 
business connections in the larger cities of the country, 
until lie became one of the noted ship-builders and 
owners of America. In his long business life he 
constructed upwards of sixty ships, most of them of 
large size and known for their beautiful models and 
thoroughness of construction ; some built more than 
forty years ago being in active service with high 
rating, while the benefit accruing to Brunswick 
and Harpsweli from the large sums paid for wages 
and material was almost beyond description, — those 
for wages alone exceeding a million of dollars. He 



was of a kind and hospitable nature, fond of his 
family and friends, and exceedingly liberal towards 
all worthy objects of need and charity ; but he had 
a thorough hatred of anything looking like oppres- 
sion or cant, a single instance sufficing as an illus- 
tration. While engaged in building a fine ship of 
sixteen hundred tons, the town of Har[)swell insisted 
on taxing him for her before her completion, against 
his firm protest, when he at once built for himself 
a residence a short distance from the one he was 
occupying, but in the town of Brunswick, thus trans- 
ferring his large tax of many hundred dollai-s per 
year to the latter town for the remainder of his life. 
He died, on the loth of March, 1866, at the age of 
eighty-six, in the full possession of all his faculties, 
without a single regret at leaving the scene of his 
labors and triumphs, remarking, "My days of use- 
fulnes.s are passed, and it is better that the worn- 
out old body should be laid at rest." Since his 
decease the business of the yard has been carried on 
by his son, George R., in connection with two 
brothers, Capt. Samuel and Capt. Isaac L. Skol- 
field (two well-known ship-masters of Brunswick); 
but who, during the depression in the ship-building 
industry, have built such ships only as they ownetl 
and put into connnission on their own account, 
they now being the most extensive owners in their 
part of the State. 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



233 



Vines take legal possession of the land granted him and 
John Oldiiara, on the soutliwest side of Saco Rivei-.* 

In 1G31 he was at Piyepscot, where he was visited in 
July by Sir Christopher Gardiner, who remained with liini 
about a year.f 

In lt;36 he was pi-esent as one of the commissioners, on 
March 25th, at the house of Capt. R. Boyntlion, in Saeo. 
His associates were Capt. Boyntlion, Capt. W. Gorges, 
Capt. Cammock, Messrs. H. Jocclyn, E. Godfrey, and T. 
Lewis.| 

This was the first organized court within the limits of 
the present State of Maiiie.§ 

On Aug. 22, 1639, he made legal conveyance to John 
Winthrop, Governor of Massachusetts, of all liis land, and 
put himself under the power and jurisdiction of that colony. 
He reserved, however, such a claim to the ownership of the 
land as practically annulled that part of the contract. 1| 

In lU-lO, Purchase again appears in court at Saco, but 
this time not on the bench, but before the bar, and also as 
a juryman. There were five indictments against him at this 
court. On July 14th of this year he was summoned to ap- 
pear at court on the 8th of September following, and an 
order was at the same time issued to Robert Sankey, of 
Saco, the provost-marshal, to bring him before the court on 
September 8th, to answer to divers complaints not specified, 
and particularly that credible information had been given 
that he had conveyed the greater part of his goods and 
chattels out of the province, in consequence of his indebt- 
edness to divers persons; or to take sufficient security for 
his appearance at the session of the Council established for 
the province. On his refu.sal his property was to be at- 
tached and brought to Saco. The first complaint was 
brought by Giles Elbridge, of Pemaquid, in an action of 
debt. Purchase made his appearance, but for some reasou 
the case was not tried. 

The second complaint against him was by Richard Vines 
in a similar action. This case also was not tried. 

The third complaint was by Richard Tucker, of Casco, 
and was to the effect that nine years previously Sir Chris- 
topher Gardiner had borrowed a warming-pan of him in 
Purcha.se's name, which was worth 12s. Gd., and had kept 
it. Also that six months afterwards he had bought a fowl- 
ing-piece for 40s., and would not pay for the same, though 
often requested. The damages were placed at £5. Pur- 
chase denied that Gardiner did these things in his name, 
and declared that if he did he was not authorized to do so. 
Purchase further declared that the above facts were unknown 
to him, and that he had no recollection of any demand being 
made as alleged. " But Mr. George Cleaves had asked him 
causelessly for these articles; but he being a partner with 
the defendant, had acquitted him from all causes of action 
whatever." 

The issue w:;s joined, the trial took place, and the jury 
decided that Purcha.se should pay £2 12s. G(/. for the arti- 
cles claimed, and 12s. 6d. as costs of court. Judgment was 



* FoUom, History of Saco, etc., p. .30. 

t Winthrop, i. p. 6S. Mussaohusctts Historical Collection, Tliir.l 
Series, viii. p. 320. 

X Folsom, opiie cil., p. 49. 

i Williamson, i. p. 26j. |i Folsom, p. 4J. Williamson, i. p. 290. 

30 



given and o.Kecutinn ordered by the whole court. Whatever 
became of the warming-pan is not known, but it will be 
noticed that there was one mentioned among the articles 
embraced in the inventory of IGS.i. 

The fourth complaint was a declaration of Arthur Browne, 
merchant, accusing Purch;use of falsely charging him with 
perjury and bribery. Purchase denied the whole thing, but 
the jury brought in a verdict against him and fined him 
£5 sterling, and 12s. for costs. 

The fifth complaint is not given, but it is .stated that he 
was required, on the third day of August preceding, to 
enter into a recognizance with Rev. Robert Jordan, and 
that he appeared at court to answer to Capt. Thomas 
Young, Messrs. Abraham Shurte, George Davis, Richard 
Tucker, and others. At this Siime court Purchase also 
served as a juryman in the ca.se of Mary Purington, of 
Agamenticus. 

In 1G4.5 he signed a letter addressed to Governor Win- 
throp, the Deputy Governor, and Court of As.sistants of Mas- 
sachusetts Bay, and was also the one chosen to present the 
same. This letter was in regard to trouble between the in- 
habitants of Rugby's province of Lygonia, and Jocelyn and 
others, and wsis dated "Casco Bay, this 18th ffebr, 1G45." 
William Ryall, Richard Tucker, and George Cleeve were 
the other signers.^ 

In 1053 he was sued by the colony government, " as ap- 
pears by a record of the General Court of that year, and 
styled 0/ Pejepscot." What this suit was for we have not 
ascertained. At one time, date unknown, his children were 
required by the Council to be brought forward for baptism, 
and on neglect of the same he was to be summoned before 
the General Court. 

In 1654 he was chosen assistant to Prince, the commis- 
sioner at the first court ever held upon the Kennebec. 
There is no evidence, however, that he ever held an As- 
sistant's Court. 

In 1657 he was called to answer before the County Court 
of Yorkshire, to an action brought against him by the 
Widow Elizabeth Way for the purpose of determining 
whether Pejepscot was under the jurisdiction of that court. 

After the restoration of Charles II. to the throne of Eng- 
land in IGGO, probably in the year 1GG2, Purchase was 
commissioned as a magistrate under Gorges, or, at least, Mr. 
J. Archdale, agent of Gorges, offered him such a commis- 
sion.** 

In September, 1G75, his hou-sc was attacked by the In- 
dians, an account of which is given on page 34 of thia 
work. 

The foregoing enumeration of the various events in the 
life of Purchase embrace a nearly continuous connection 
from the time of his migration to his death. It embraces 
a period of forty-seven years. During this long time the 
only intervals of any length in which we have no accounts 
of him are between 1G46 and 1G54, and 1G60 and 1G75. 
It is possible that these gaps may even yet be shortened. 

Whether Purchase was a man of much property can only 
be surmised. It would seem that his opportunities of ac- 



f Maine Historical Collection, i. pp. 519, 550. 
•• Williamson, i. p. 40.1. 



234 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COXTNTY, MAINE. 



quiring wealth wore unusually good. ITo possessed a good 
field for traffic witli the Indians, and had the monopoly of 
the best Hahuon and sturgeon fishery in New England. 
Notwith.standing this, the frequent suits brought against 
him .show not only " the litigious temper of the times," but 
also that he was deeply in debt, and that his creditors were 
uneasy. 

Of his real character nothing is known more tiian may 
be gathered from what has already been stated. That he 
was a man of considerable enterprise is evident. That he 
failed to wholly conciliate the Indians is evident not only 
from the fact that liis house was selected as the first one to 
be visited by them, but also that he was deemed unfair in 
his dealings with them, one of them remarking that he had 
paid £100 for water "from Purchase his well." This 
water was, however, presumably flavored with some alco- 
holic ingredient. 

Notwithstanding these facts, the Indians could not have 
been entirely at enmity with him, or they would not have 
let him oft" with the mere robbery of his house when they 
had some of its inmates in their power. 

Thomas Purchase must have been a man of consideriible 
ability, or he would not have held the offices he did. Wil- 
liamson says of him that " he was one of those flexible pa- 
triots who could accommodate his politics to the changes of 
the times."* This, it appears to us, is rather a harsh judg- 
ment. To which administration did he owe allegiance ? 
The question may be easy to answer now, but was it so easy 
for liim to answer it? It must be remembered that it was 
not until the present century that the claim of the Plymimth 
Colony on the Kennebec to his tract of land was finally 
settled adversely. 

SETTLEMENT UNDER THE PEJEPSCOT COMPANY. 

The efibrts made by the I'ejcpscot proprietors to settle 
their lands were, for the most part, quite successful, though 
the rapidity with which settlers came in varied very much 
at diflTerent times. Many of these earlier settlers, it is said, 
ran away from England, and upon their arrival in this 
country changed their names. 

Between 1717 and 1722, 41 persons are known to have 
settled in Brunswick. There were doubtless others whose 
names have not been preserved. Many of these settlers, 
however, forfeited their lots in consequence of the non- 
fulfillment of the required conditions. 

In 1722 the fourth Indian, or Lovewell's, war was com- 
menced, and the situation of the settlers here became so 
disagreeable that they nearly all abandoned their homes, 
and it was not until about 1730 that the settlement was 
renewed. Those who are known to have remained are 
John Minot, Andrew Dunning and his sons, William 
Woodside and Ebenezer Stanwood and their sons, William 
Simpson, and David Giveen and sons. The most of these 
Lad garrisons. 

Upon the incorporatiim of Brunswick as a town, in 1738, 
a considerable increase took place in the number of new 
settlers. 

On June 27, 1739, there were 39 persons who had re- 
s'' Vol. i. p. 090. 



cently come into po.sscssion of lots at New Meadows. There 
were al.so at this time in other parts of the town 29 indi- 
viduals who were either new settlers or sons of the old 
settlers, who had become of age. 

In June, 1740, the proprietors voted to give Benjamin 
Larrabee a lease of the lands adjacent to Fort George, and 
also the privilege of the salmon-fishciy, on such terms as 
might be agreed upon by the committee to whom the mat- 
ter was rei'erred. Mr. Larrabee, who was then the agent 
of the projiriitors, made the following deeds, which we give 
in tabulated form from Wheeler's History of Brunswick ;■}• 

N.mies of the P.-reons 'o "1'""' Qnanlity i.f Acres TheTmc when' TlieCon- 



1. Niitlian Ailiuns 100 acres. 

2. John Adams 10(1 

■J. Williiini Miikonn- 

4. Ituliert Spi-iii- HUI) 

5. Williiim Spciir 20.i 

C. John MiiUonii- liio 

7. John M;.lc.ini.' Hill 

8. John Uvli-. K»i| 100 

Jao..l. Kill. II 100 

10. Henrj Ciil.l.a 1 'JJ 

11. Jonathan Sajward 200 



, Jnno-a MiV: 
. Janos SM'i 
. Janie.s 51 rK. 
, John A.I:mii- 



Marcli 9, 17.17. 
Manh M, 17:17. 
March 6, I7.i7. 
Mai(h;;9,17;!8. 
April II, 17:)8. 
Jan. 10,17:17. 
Jan. 18, 17:t7. 
Sept B, n:iS. 
March 24,17:19. 
Slay 20, 1710. 

June 19, 1740. 

Jnlj- 15, 1740. 
July 28, 1741. 
Oct. IB, 1741. 
Mav 19, 1742. 
Nov. 8, 1742. 
Mav 21,1742. 
Nov. :i, 1742. 
Oct. 24, 1741. 
Mav 2«, 1-:;!). 
Jniic2:l, 1742, 
Jnnc -a, 1742, 
Nov. ;i, 1742 
Mav 7, 1742, 



32 
2U 
SOD 



sag 

25 
Quit-clHiH 
at" an hd^ 
to Parkw 
23 U V 



29, Jacoh Eato 



30. Jacob Eaton,, 



31. S;iml. Clarke Jacobs' Adn 



, 1742. 
Jan. 12, 1740. 
May 19, 1742. 
Nov. :), 1742. 
Nov. 2S, 1737. 



April 14, 1742. 

Apiil 7, 17:18. 
.Un. 10, 1740. 
Oct. 20, 1740. 
May 21, 1742. 
Fob. 25, 1740. 



OhI tenor. 
2.1 
25 
50 



III 1752 there were, according to a map of the Plymouth 
Company of that date, but twenty dwelling-houses in Bruns- 
wick. They were owned or occupied by the following-named 
persons : Spcer, Finney, James Dunning, Woodside, Stan- 
wood, Smart, V. Woodside, Capt. Minot, Beverage, J. Orr 
(1742), Camp, Giveen, Starbord, Skolfield, Hall (on Sabas- 
codogan Island), Snow, Coombs, Mills, Deacon Hinkley, 
Capt. Thompson, Smith. Besides these there were four 
mills and a meeting-house. 

SALMON-FISHING. 
The earliest business carried on in Brunswick, in additiont 
to farming and trading in furs, was salmon and sturgeoal 
fishing. Thomas Purchase, soon after his settlement here,* 
in 1G28, caught, cured, and packed salmon and sturgeon» 
for a foreign market, and it is stated that there were at onei 
time, "saved in about three weeks, thirty-nine barrels of 
salmon, besides what was spoiled for lack of salt, and aboul? 



t Most of the mitlter for this town history is taken from theabo** 
wori<. 




I'lioto. liv Win. Pier.-.', Bnmswick. 



CLEMENT MARTIN. 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



235 



ninety kegs and as many barrels of sturgeon, and that if 
they had been fitted out with salt, and apt and skillful men, 
they might have taken abundance more."* 

It is also stated in Douglas' History that there was a 
company formed in London for the purpose of importing 
cured or dried sturgeon, and that they had an agent at the 
foot of Pejepscot Falls, and a building erected there. This 
was, no doubt, as IMcKeen observes, a very considerable 
business, and was carried on upon quite a large scale, from 
time to time, until into the last century, and until the com- 
mencement of King Philip's war, in 1G75, it was, doubtless, 
a great business with Mr. Purcha.so. The business has not 
been carried on to any extent within the present century, 
the salmon having entirely disappeared from the river, and 
there being fewer sturgeon than formerly, and a lessened 
demand for the latter. Present indications betoken, how- 
ever, a return of the salmon-fishei'y before very many years. 

MUNICIPAL HISTOUY. 

The vote of the Genera! Court, constituting Brunswick 
a township, was passed on the 3d of May, 1717, and pro- 
vided, " That y'' Land Plotted for a town, from Pejepscot 
Falls to Maf(Uoit, in Casco Bay, be Constituted a Township, 
to be laid out the Quantity of Six Miles Square as the Land 
will allow, & to be Called by the name of Brunswick, to 
be forth-with Settled in a Defensible Manner. "•)■ 

This action of the General Court gave the settlers muni- 
cipal rights similar to those of plantations of the present 
day. Thus, for instance, they held public meetings, raised 
money for their common welfare, and chose their own town 
officers. Records were kept by an officer styled the town 
clerk, who was the first time appointed by the proprietors 
and afterwards elected by the people. 

On the 2d of May, of this year, Lieut. Joseph Heath 
was chosen by the proprietors " To be their Clark for the 
Town of Brunswick until the town is Qualified to make 
their own election, and Sworn to the faithful Discharge of 
that Trust."! 

The first meeting of the inhabitants was held Nov. 3, 
1717. The first election of town officers was in March, 
1719, when Capt. John Gyles, Thomas Wharton, James 
Starrat, John Cochran, and Joseph Heath were chosen se- 
lectmen for the ensuing year. Joseph Heath was al.so 
chosen clerk and town treasurer, and Peter Haines, con- 
stable. 

At a regular meeting of the inhabitants, held May 8, it 
was voted to purchase a bos taunts for the common benefit. 
It was also at this meeting voted, " That whereas Some of 
the Inhabitants of this Town have already Brought on 
Cattle & others expect to have some come before Winter, 
Therefore our first rate to our Minister shall be rai.sed on 
Lotts & poles onley. "^ 

Other meetings were held at different periods, at which 
action was taken relating chiefly to the support of a min- 
ister. The doings of those meetings will be fouud iu the 
section upon Ecclesiastical History. 

* Reading's Deposition, Pejepscot Papers. 
t Massachusetts Uccords, 1717. 
J lirunswick Records, in Pejepscot Collection. 
§ Ibid. 



In the year 1735 the inhabitants of Brunswick had be- 
come so numerous, and felt so great need of a more perfect 
system in the management of their common concerns, that 
they made aii])lication to the government of Massachusetts 
for an act of incorporation as a town. 

This petition w;is signed by John Rutherford, Anthony 
Vincent, James Dunning, David Dunning, Richard Fla- 
herty, — an Irish school-teacher, — James McFailand, James 
Carter, William Gibson, Andrew Dunning, Kbenezer Stan- 
wood, Samuel Stanwood, David Giveen, James Henry, Wil- 
liam Spear, John Giveen, Robert Giveen, Thomas Ncal, 
Thomas Wa.shburn, Samuel Lindsey, Rev. Robert Ruther- 
ford, Benjamin Larrabee, Samuel Clarke, Nehemiah Giffen, 
— a stranger, — Robert Spear, Sr., Robert Spear, Ji-., Robert 
Dunlap, William Woodside, Jonathan Dunlap, John Linsay. 

The Legislature, June 20th of this same year, granted 
the request of the petitioners and enacted a bill in accord- 
ance therewith. This bill for some reason, however, failed 
to receive the signature of the Governor, and did not there- 
fore take eflect.y 

On the 25th of May, 1737, another petition for incor- 
poration was presented to the General Court, by Benjamin 
Larrabee, in behalf of the inhabitants of Brunswick. The 
prayer of this petition was granted in the House of Rep- 
resentatives on the 24th of June, and concurred in by the 
Senate three days later. A bill was accordingly prepared, 
and at the next ses.sion of the General Court, Jan. 26, 
1738-39, an act was pa.s.scd and received the sanction of 
the Governor. 

Brunswick thus became the eleventh corporate town in 
Maine. At the same time that the foregoing was passed, 
the General Court al.so pas.sed an act authorizing and em- 
powering Benjamin Larrabee, Esq., " to warn the Inhabi- 
tants of .said Town, qualifyed by Law to vote in Town 
affairs, to assemble and meet together in some Sutable 
Place on the first Monday of March next, to choose a 
Moderator, Town Clerk, and other Town Officers for the 
year then next ensuing." The date of the incorporation 
of the town, it will be noticed, is given as Jan. 20, 1738. 
This is according to the old method of reckoning time. 
The date, according to the new style, would be Feb. 4, 1739.^ 

There were six town-meetings in 1739. The first meet- 
ing of this year, and the fir.st under the act of incorpora- 
tion, was held March 28th. At this meeting the follow- 
ing officers were chosen : Samuel Hiiikley, Moderator and 
Town Clerk ; Capt. B. Larrabee, Samuel Hinkley, John 
Getchell, James Dunning, and David Dunning. Selectmen; 
John Malkcon, John Barrows, ConsUtbles ; Thomas Wash- 
burn, William Vincent, Samuel Whitney, and James Howe, 
Tything-Men ; Capt. William Woodside, Wimond Brad- 
bury, John Whitney, and Joseph Berry, Surveyors of 
Highways ; Robert Spear and Cornelius Thompson, Fence- 
Viewers ; James Thouip.son, Town Treasurer ; John Mac- 
Gregor and John McFarlin, Hog Constables; Israel 
Mitchell and William Spear, Field- Drivers. 

One hundred and fifty-three pounds and fifteen shil- 
lings were voted for town expenses for the year. At this 



II Pejepscot Papers. 

^ Town Records, vol. i. ; also Pejepscot Papers. 



236 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



meetinsr, John Getchcll, Robert Spear, Snniucl Clark, 
James Thouipson, Benjamin Parker, and Thomas Skolfield 
were chosen a committee to hy out highways lur tlie con- 
venience of the town. 

Some proposition looking to the extermination of or pro- 
tection from wolves was doubtless made, as the town this 
year voted, " That the wolves should be left till further 
consideration." 

In July, it was voted, " That the Minister Sluild Preach 
att y' Southeast end of S*" Town (att a place cal'' Newmed- 
ows) according to what Rates and taxes they shall Pay 
towards the Support of the Ministry, it being agreed upon 
by the whole Town." 

Against this action of the town, however, a protest was 
entered by Benjamin Whitney, Jean Brown, and William 
Woodside. 

A meeting held December 25th elected Capt. Benjamin 
Larrabee a representative " to go to answer the present- 
ment commenced against this town at the general Ses.sions 
of the Peace." It does not, however, appear from the 
records what was the nature of the action against the 
town, or by whom it was brought. Possibly, it may have 
been in consequence of there being no provision made that 
year for a school, as the law was then obligatory upon all 
towns to make such provision. 

On May 30th, of this year, the inhabitants of Mair Point 
petitioned the General Court, since one-half of that point 
was within the bounds of the township of North Yarmouth, 
and was twenty-five miles distant from the meeting-house in 
that town by land, and ten miles distant by sea, with two 
dangerous bays to be crossed, and since the northerly por- 
tion of the point was but two miles distant from Brunswick, 
that they might be set oif from North Yarmouth and an- 
nexed to the town of Brunswick. An act was pas.sed 
granting this privilege, which took efltect October 2d fol- 
lowing. 

The total appropriation for defraying the expenses of the 
town in 1740 was £248 IGs. Of this amount £150 
was for the salary of Rev. Mr. Rutherford, and £80 for 
support of a school-master, leaving but £18 for contingent 
expenses. It was also voted this year to raise £200 as a 
settlement for Mr. Rutherford, " if he lives and dies minister 
of Brunswick ;" and a little more than one-fourth of this 
amount was to be raised that year. The town voted not to 
send any representative this year to the General Court, and 
also voted to allow Jtogs to run at large, provided they were 
properly yoked and ringed. 

Space will not allow us to follow these records. They 
may be consulted at large in the excellent and exhaustive 
work of the Messrs. Wheeler, from which the matter for 
this sketch has been chiefly taken. The administrative 
policy of the town continued to be much the same for 

several years. 

CIVIL LIST. 

REPRESENTATIVES TO CONGRESS. 
Robert P. Dunlap, Brunswick, 1843-47. 
Charles J. Oilman, Urunswiok, 1857-59. 

GOVERNORS OF MAINE. 
Robert P. Dunbp, Brunswick, 1834-.SS. 
Joshua L. Chamberlain, Brunswick, 1867-71. 



SECRETARY OF STATE. 
Frankliu M. Drew, Brunswick, lSCS-71. 

STATE TREASURER. 
Abncr B. Thompsou, Brunswick, 1831-32. 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL. 

Abncr B. Thompson, Brunswick, 1839-40. 

STATE SENATORS. 
Jacob Al)bc.tt, 1S13-1B; Robert P. Dunlap, 1824-29: Jonnthan Page, 
1829; Robert P. Dunlap. 183(1-33; Tobias Purinton, 183fi: John 
C. Hum)ihroys, 1839; Elijah P. Pike, 1841 ; Samuel R. Jackson, 
1S47; William II. Morse, 1848; Abner B. Thompson, 1858j 
Daniel Elliolt, ISG3; Henry Carvill, 1870; Marshall Cram, 1871. 

REPRESENTATIVES IN GENERAL COURT OF MASSACHU- 
■ SETTS. 

David Dunning, 1742-43: Samuel Ilinklcy. 1747 : Samuel Thomp- 
son, Samuel Stanwood. I77G; Samuel Drnken, 1781; William 
Owen, 1785; John Peterson, 1791-92; William Stanwood, Jr., , 
1793; AVilliam Stanwood, 1794-95; John Minot, 1796; John i 
Dunlap, 1799-1805; James Curtis, E. H. Gos.s, 1800; Robert t 
Giveen, 1S06-7; Robert D. Dunning, 1808-16; Henry Putnam, , 
Philip Owen, 1813; David Dunlap, 1810-20; Joseph McKeen, , 
1819. 

SELECTMEN. 



,— Capt. Benjamin Larrabee. Samuel Hinkley, John Getchcll, 

James Dunning, David Dunning. 
.—Benjamin Larrabee, Samuel Hinkley, David Giveen. 
.—Samuel Ilinkley, David Dunning, Robert Spoar. 
.—Capt. Benjamin Larrabee, Samuel Ilinkley, AVimond Brad- 
bury. 
.—Isaac Snow,« Samuel Ilinkley,® Wymond Bradbury,* Capt. 

John Minot.t Ehen StanKOod,t James Dunning.f 
.-Thomas Skolfield,^ Ebenczer Stanwood.J James Dunning,^ 

James Dunning.? Samuel Clark. ^ Ehcnezer Stanwood. g 
.—Thomas Skoindd, Ehcnezer Stanwood, Aaron Ilinkley. 

_4y. David Giveen, Isaac Snow, Thomas Skolticld. 

.—James Thompson, Thomas Skolfield, John Smart. 
.—John Getehell, David Dunning, Thomas Skolfield. 
.—John Minot, Aaron Hinkley, Robert Finney. 
.—John Minot, Isaac Snow, Robert Finney. 
.—James Thompson, Samuel Stanwood, Thomas Skolfield. 
.—William Woodside, James Thompson, Thomas Skolfield. 
,— James Thompson, Samuel Stanwood, Thomas Skolfield. 
—Aaron Hinkley, William Spccr, Robert Giveen. , 

.—Isaac Snow, Samuel Stanwood, Thomas Skolfield. 
.—James Thompson, William Stanwood, Thomas Skolfield. 
.-Isaac Snow, William Stiinwood, Thomas Skolfield. 
.—Aaron Hinkley, WiUi.im Stanwood, Thomas Skolfield. 
.—Aaron Hinkley, Samuel Moody, Thomas Skolfield. ^ 

.—Samuel Stanwood, Phineas Ncvcrs, Thomas Skolfield. 
—Thomas Skolfield, Samuel Stanwood, Nathaniel Larrabee. 
-64.— Samuel Stanwood, N.athaniel Larrabee, Vincent AVoodside. 
,— Samuel Stanwood, Nathaniel Larrabee, Thomas Skolfield. 
.—Thomas Skolfield, Samuel Stanwood, Stephen Getehell. 
.—Thomas Skolfield, Samuel Stanwood, Nathaniel Larrabee. 
-70.— Samuel Thompson, William Woodside, Andrew Dunning. 
.—Samuel Thompson, William Woodside, Robert S|iear. 
-73.— Thomas Skolfield. Samuel Stanwood, Nathaniel Larrabee. 
1774.— Samuel Stanwood, AVilliam Stanwood, Nathaniel Larrabee. 
1775.— Thomas Skolfield, Thomas Moulton, Nathaniel Larrabee. 
1776-77.— Samuel Stanwood, Benjamin Stone, James Curtis. 
J778.— William Stanwood, John Dunlap, Nathaniel Larrabee. 
1779-81.— Nathaniel Larrabee, William Stanwood, Andrew Dunning. 
1782.— Thomas Skolfield, Samuel Stanwood, James C urtis. 

» Elected at annual meeting. Held office till August SOth. 
t Elected August 30th. Held oBice till Jan. 17, 1744. 
t Elected January 17th. Held office till March meeting. 
J Elected at annual meeting in March. 



1739 

1740 
1741 
1742. 

1743. 

1744. 

1745, 

1746 

1748 

1749, 

1750, 

1751 

1752 

1753 

1754. 

17.5.5. 

1756 

1757 

1758 

1759 

1760. 

1761. 

1702. 

176.3 

1765 

1766, 

1707 

1768 

1771 

1772 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



237 



1783-85.— Nathaniel Larrabee, 'William Stanwood, Jr., Ephraim 

Hunt. 
1786-8". — Nathaniel Lairabcc, Ephraim Hunt, Andrew Dunning. 
1788-90.— Nathaniel Lanahcc, Andrew liimning, William Stanwood, 

Jr. 
]7ill-92.— Nathaniel Larraljie, John Dunning, Daniel Uivcn. 

1793. — Nathaniel Larrabee, Daniel Giveen, t'apt. William ftanwood, 
Jr. 

1794-97.— Nathaniel Larrabee, Col. William Stanwood, Daniel Given. 

17US.— Nathaniel Larrabee, Col. AVm. Stanwood, Capt. Wm. Stan- 
wood. 

1799. — Nathaniel Larrabee, Capt. Win. Stanwood, Amos Lunt. 

ISOO.— Nathaniel Larrabee, William Dunning, Amos Lunt. 

ISOl.— William Dr.nning, Dr. Charles Coffin, Nathaniel Larrabee. 

1802.— >'athaniel Larrabte, Col, Wm. Stanwood, Daniel Given. 

1S03.— Ephraim Hunt, Stephtn Larrabee, Charles Coffin. 

lSOl-6. — William Dunning, Capt. Robert Thompson, Thomas Nojes. 

1807-8.- William Dunning, John Terry, Jr., Stephen Larrabee, Jr. 

1809, — Robert D. Dunning, Stephen Larrabee, Jr,, Jacob Anderson. 

1810. — Stephen Larrabee, Joseph Hacker, William Dunning. 

1811,— John Given, Joseph Hacker, William Dunning. 

1812-13. — Joseph Hacker, James Dunning, Stephen Larrabee. 

ISU.—Hon. Jacob Abbot, Robert D. Dunning, Esq., Stephen Lar- 
rabee. 

1S15_]6. — Joseph Hacker, Robert D. Dunning, David Given. 

1817-18. — Joseph Hacker, Edward Raymond, Caleb Gushing. 

1819-23.- Caleb Cushing, Edward Raymond, Jacob I'ennell. 

1 824-26.— Abner Bourne, Thomas Given. Jr. (2dl, David Farrin. 

1827-30.— John A. Dunning, James F. Matthews, Thomas Given. 

1831. — Noah Ilinkley, James F. Matthews, Isaiah Hacker. 

1832-33.- John A. Dunning, James F. Matthews, Isaiah Hacker. 

1834.— Elijah P. Pike, Isaiah Hacker, Thomas Given. 

1835. — Nathaniel Dunning, James F. Matthews, Henry Merritt. 

1836. — Nathaniel Dunning, James F. Matthews, Thonjas Given (2d). 

1837.— James F. Matthews, Thomas Given {2d), John C. Hum),hreys. 

1838.— James F. Matthews, Robert Pennell, Peter Jordan. 

1839.— James F. Matthews, Robert PcnncIl, James Cox. 

1840-41.- James F. Matthews, James Co.\, Joseph Lunt (2d). 

1842-44.— Adam Lemont, Joseph Lunt (2d), Richard Greenleaf. 

1845-46.— Richard Grccnleal', Joseph Lunt (2d), Samuel S. Wing. 

1847.— Richard Greenleaf, Samuel S. Wing, James Otis. 

1848.- Richard Greenleaf, Samuel S. Wing, J. W. Forsailh. 

1849-50.- Richard Greenleaf, Samuel S. Wing, Benjamin D. Pennell. 

1851. — Richard Greenleaf, Benjamin Furbish, John S. Gross. 

1852-54. — Richard Greenleaf, Rodney Forsailh, Benj, D. Pennell. 

1855.— Joseph Lunt (2d), George C. Crawford, Gardner G. Frost. 

1856.- Joseph Lunt (2d), Thomas S. Dunning, Joseph C. Given. 

1857.— Joseph Lunt (2d), John L. Swift, Gardner G. Fro.-t. 

1858. — Joseph Lunt (2d). John L. Swift, John S. Gross, 

1859.— Richard Greenleaf, William S. Given, Nathaniel Badger. 

1860-61.— John L. Swift, Leonard Townsend, Augustus F. Cox. 

1862-64.— Leonard Townsend, Augustus F. Cox, Francis Owen. 

1865. — Joseph Lunt {2d), John L. Swift, Leonard T(jwnsend. 

1866.— Josejih Lunt, Augustus F. Cox, John L. Swift. 

1807. — Joseph Lunt, Augustus F. Cox, Charles C. Humphreys. 

1868-69.- C. C. Humphreys, J. C. Given, Henry Carvill. 

1870.— Henry Carvill, Joseph Lunt (2d), Lyman E. Smith. 

1871.— Henry Carvill, Lyman E. Smith, Charles N. Bates. 

1872.— Henry Carvill, Lyman E, Smith, John Crawford. 

1873.— Lyman E. Smith, Thomas V. Eaton, Larkin D. Snow. 

1874.— Larkin D. Snow, Samuel S. Wing, George P. Simpson. 

1875.— Samuel S. Wing, George P. Simpson, Horatio A. Patten. 

1876.— Lyman E. Smith, Samuel S. Wing. Thomas U. Eaton. 

1877.— Lyman E. Smith, Thou-.as V. Eaton, Sumner h. Ilolbrook. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Samuel Ilinkley, 1739; Benjamin Larrabee, 1740, 1743; Wimond 
Bradbury, 1741-42; Robert Finney, 1744-51; Thomas Skol- 
field, 1752-61, 1763-65; David Dunning, 1762; Nathaniel Lar- 
rabee, 1766-1802; Charles Coffin, 1803; Jotham Stone, 1804-8; 
John Perry, 1809; Daniel Given, lSIO-1.1, 1815-20; Nathaniel 
Poor, 1814; John MoKcen, 1821-36; Nathaniel Badger, 1837- 
59; J. W. Forsaith, 1805-67; Leonard Townsend, 1800-61, 
1868-77. 



BOWDOIN COLLEGE. 
In November, 1788, pclilions wore sent to the GentTal 
Court of Massacliuselts from llic Cumberland County As- 
sociation of Ministers, as well as from the Cunibi-rland 
County Court of General Sessions, for the incorporation of 
a college in that county. No decitled action, however, was 
taken on these petitions until 1790, when a favorable report 
was made by a coiumittee of the Le^i.slature, to which the 
matter had been referred. In March, 1791, in consef|uence 
principally of the exertions of lion. Josiah Thatcher, a 
Senator from Cumberland County, a bill lor a college, to be 
called the Maine College, passed the Senate, but failed to 
pass the House. 

At the next session, in the winter of 1791-92, upon the 
motion of H. Slocum, Esq., a member from Bristol County, 
a committee was raised " to Consider the cxpedieney of 
establishing a College in the District of Maine." All men- 
tion of Cumberland County was avoided, and the motion 
was made by a member from another county in order that 
DO prejudice might be excited against the measure. Gov- 
ernor Eustice was appointed chairman of the committee, 
and a bill was prepared establishing a college, which was 
first proposed to bo called Winthrop College, but which was 
called in the act of incorporation Bowdoin College, " the 
name being selected as one of the most honored names that 
Massachusetts could boast." The bill passed the House at 
this ses.'-ion, but owing to a disagreement between the two 
Houses in regard to the name and location of the college 
the bill was not formally enacted until June 24, 1794, when 
it passed both Houses and received the signature of the 
Governor, Samuel Adams. The towns of Gorham, Port- 
land, North Yarmouth, Brunswick, New Gloucester, Free- 
port, and Winthrop were pertinacious in urging their re- 
spective claims as being the most fitting .seat of the college, 
and in some of them subscriptions were raised to secure the 
location. The town of Brunswick was at length selected as 
a compromise between the conflicting interests of the claim- 
ants, the citizens of the town having made what was 
considered at that time a valuable consideration for the 
preference. 

The founders of this institution appear to have formed 
adequate conceptions of what such a college should be. 
Their evident design was, as expressed in their own words, 
to found a seminary which should " promote virtue and 
piety, and a knowledge of the languages, and of the useful 
and liberal arts and sciences." 

The government of the college was, by its act of incor- 
poration, vested in a board of trustees and a board of over- 
seers, the former consisting of 13 and the latter of 45 
members. The trustees are the legislative body, and the 
overseers possess a vetoing power. Five townships of land, 
each six miles square, of the unappropriated lands in the 
then District of Maine, were granted for the " use, benefit, 
and purpose of supporting" the college. 

" Immediately after the charter was granted establishing 
an institution which was to bear his family name, the Hon. 
James Bowdoin, of Boston, afterwards minister pleni- 
potentiary at the Spanish Court, generously bestowed both 
money and lands, the estimated value of wliich was SliSdO. 
The first meeting of the boards of the college was held at 



238 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Portland, December, 179-i. Inconsequence, however, of a 
deficiency of available funds (for the best lands of the State 
having been previously selected by other grantees, there 
was great difficulty in effecting a sale of the college town- 
ships, or any portion of them, without a sacrifice), eight 
years passed bclbre the college went into operation. In- 
deed, notwithstanding the original grant of the Legislature, 
and the patronage of the individual already named, nothing 
but great zeal and unwearied perseverance on the part of 
the most active friends of the project carried it through to 
its accomplishment. Besides two stated meetings of the 
boards each year, special meetings were occasionally called ; 
but it was no easy matter to ."sustain the interest of all the 
members in an institution whicii as yet existed but in name, 
and it was always difficult even to form a quorum for the 
transaction of business. Committees were repeatedly ap- 
pointed by the boards to solicit donations, but the public 
had not then learned to give, and when thousands were 
needed, the amount contributed was small, and mostly in 
books. Mutual recriminations of inefficiency and neglect 
passed between the two boards, and some were almost ready 
to despair of success." 

Although but few donations were made to the college at 
this time, it is gratifying to know that neither the citizens 
nor the Pcjepscot proprietors were unmindful of the benefit 
the location of the college in Brunswick would be to this 
town. Thirty acres of land were given to the college for 
its location by Capt. John Dunlap, William Stanwood, and 
Brigadier Thompson, though the college afterwards had to 
purchase a part of it from more rightful owners.* 

The Pcjepscot proprietors also, at a meeting held April 
3, 17119, voted to give a deed of 200 acres of land to the 
trustees, " for the use of the college forever." 

The following were the original trustees and overseers of 
the college : 

Trustees. — Rev. Thomas Brown, Falmouth ; Samuel 
Dean, D.D., Portland ; John Frothingham, Esq., Port- 
land ; Rev. Daniel Little, Wells; Rev. Thomas Lancas- 
ter, Scarboro' ; Hon. Joshua Thatcher, Gorham ; David 
Mitchell, Esq., North Yarmouth ; Rev. Tristram Oilman, 
North Yarmouth ; Rev. Alden Bradford, Wiscassct ; 
Thomas Rice, E.sq., Pownalboro' ; William Martin, North 
Yaimouth ; and tlie president and treasurer of the college. 
Overseers. — Edward Cutts, Kittery ; Thomas Cutts, 
Pepperelboro' ; Simon Frye, Fryeburg ; David Sewall, 
York ; Nathaniel Wells, Wells ; Rev. Moses Hemmenway, 
D.D., Wells; Rev. Silas Moody, Arundel; Rev. John 
Thompson, Berwick ; Rev. Nathaniel Webster, Biddcford ; 
Rev. Paul Coffin, Buxton ; Rev. Benjamin Chadwick, 
Scarboro' ; Rev. Samuel Eaton, Ilarpswell ; Rev. Samuel 
Foxcroft, New Gloucester; Rev. Caleb Jcwett ; Rev. Al- 
fred Johnson, Freeport ; Rev. Elijah Kellogg, Portland ; 
Rev. Ebcnezer Williams, Falmouth ; Rev. Charles Turner, 
Sandford ; Daniel Davis, Portland ; Samuel Freeman, Port- 
land ; Jyshua Fabyan, Scarboro' ; William Gorhaiu, Gor- 
ham ; Stephen Longfellow, Gorham ; Joseph Noycs, 
Falmouth; Lsaac Parsons, New Gloucester; Robert South- 
gate, Scarboro' ; John Wait, Portland ; Pclcg W'adsworth, 

* John McsKoen, Romlniscenscsof Bniniwiok in 1S02. 



Thomaston ; William Widgery, New Gloucester; Rev. 
Ezekiel Emerson, Georgetown ; Rev. Jonathan Ellis, Top- 
sham; Jonathan Bowman, Pownalboro' ; Edmund Bridge, 
Augusta; Daniel Cony, Augusta; Henry Dearborn, Pitts- 
ton ; Dummur Suwall, Bath; Samuel Thompson, Topsham ; 
John Dunlap, Brunswick ; Francis Winter, Bath ; Natha- 
niel Thwing, Woolwich ; Alexander Campbell, No. 4 
Washington County ; Paul Dudley Sargeant, Sullivan ; and 
the president and secretary of the college. 

The site for the college was selected in 179G. It is situ- 
ated on a plateau about three-quarters of a mile south of 
the Androscoggin Bridge, near the pine plains. A beau- 
tiful grove of pines forms a part of the college grounds, 
and its proximity suggested the motto of one of the literary 
societies of the col lege. f 

It was decided at this time to erect a building as soon 
as practicable, and in 1798 one was constructed of brick, 
fifty feet long, forty feet wide, and three stories high. 
Owing to lack of means, however, it was not ready for use 
until the summer of 1802. In this latter year a wooden 
house was erected for the use of the president of the 
college. 

About this time a part of the college lands was sold, 
and thus a new and more vigorous impulse was given to 
the growth of the college. 

"In July, 1801, the boards proceeded to elect a presi- 
dent. Among several candidates the choice fell upon Rev. 
Joseph McKeen, a clergyman of high standing of Beverly, 
Mass. The selection was fortunate for the institution. 
Possessing sound judgment and great sagacity. President 
McKeen was enabled to give a wise direction to measures, 
and to establish precedents of great importance to the 
future stability and prosperity of the institution. Through 
his instrumentality the tenure of office, a point which 
elicited much discussion, was established on a proper basi.s. 
In the following November, John Abbot, A.M., Harvard, 
was chosen professor of languages. The president and 
professor of languages were installed September, 1802. 
Great interest was felt by the friends of learning and 
education throughout the commonwealth in this under- 
taking, and the ceremonies of the inauguration attracted 
to Brunswick a large assemblage, in which were men of 
the first distinction in the State. For want of a building 
suitable for the occasion a platform, with accommodations 
for spectators, had been erected in the pine grove in the 
rear of the ground where the college grounds now .stand. 
The .scene in which they were participating could not but 
have deeply aflected the principal actors. ... On this 
occasion the name of the college building, already erected, 
was proclaimed in due form, — Massachu.setts Hall. 

" On the day following this interesting occasion eight 
students were examined for admission into the college, two 
of whom came from the metropolis of the commonwealth 
and its neighborhood, showing the interest and the confi- 
dence felt there in this new child of promise. 

******* 

" The duties to which President McKeen was called 
were arduous and highly responsible. For two yeais he 



t The motto of the Peuniiiian Society is •' Pinos lot^uentes semper 
hubemus" (The niuruiuring pines we ulways have). 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



239 



was aided only by the faithful services of the profcfsor of 
languages. The obstacles and the discouragements he was 
compelled to encounter in laying the foundation of an in- 
stitution which was attracting notice and exciting much 
expectation in the community, without apparatus of any 
kind and almost without funds, situated in a part of the 
country where superfluous wealth was not yet known, at a 
period when such an undertaking was a novel one, cannot 
now be duly appreciated. Before they were introduced to 
their labors the president and professor visited the principal 
colleges of New ICngland, that they miglit avail themselves 
of the best experience of the time for the successful man- 
agement of the college. It should be mentioned as an 
honorable testimonial to the enlarged and independent 
views which governed the measures then adopted, that 
the requisitions for admission at once placed the new in- 
stitution in this respect on a level with the oldest and best- 
conducted institutions in the country, — a rank which it 
has ever maintained." 

His house not having been completed in time, the presi- 
dent and his family for a while occupied rooms in Massa- 
chusetts Hall, the lower story of which had been fitted up 
temporarily as a chapel and recitation-room, and the upper 
portion for dormitories. There was no bell of any kind, 
and the pupils were summoned to prayers morning and 
evening by the thumping of the president's cane on the 
staircase. In addition to these daily devotional exercises, 
President McKeen also preached on Sunday cither in the 
meeting-house of the First Parish or the college chapel. 

In 1804, Samuel Willard was appointed a tutor, and 
took up his residence within the college. One or two resi- 
dent tutors were chosen annually after this until 18:i4. 

Soon alter its incorporation Mr. Bowdoin presented the 
college with £823 4.s., with a " request that the interest 
thereof may be applied to the establishment and support of 
a profes.sorship of Mathematics, and of Natural and Experi- 
mental Philosophy, and that this interest be added to the 
principal until a professor shall be appointed." To fill this 
professorship the boards, in May, 1805, elected Parker 
Cleveland, A.M., Harvard, who was at that time a tutor at 
Cambridge. He was inducted into ofiice in October. During 
this year the first chapel was erected. It was constructed 
of wood, with rooms for the library and philosophical appa- 
ratus in the second story. It was not designed for a per- 
manent building, but was, however, enlarged and improved 
in 1817, and served the purposes for which it was built 
until 1845. 

In 1805 the first literary society was instituted. This 
society, the Peucinian, was founded by Charles Stewart 
Daveis, Alfred Johnson, Nathan Lord, Robert Means, Enos 
Merrill, Benjamin Randall, Joseph Sprague, and Henry 
Wood, members of the three highest classes of the college. 
Robert Means was the first president. At first the society 
consisted solely of members of college, but in 1814 the mem- 
bers who had graduated held a meeting, and, together with 
those belonging to the college society, formed a general so- 
ciety, of which Charles Stewart Daveis was elected the first 
president. With varying periods of prosperity and reverses, 
the society has continufed to the present day. Its member- 
ship in 1858, the date of the last catalogue, was as follows : 



Whole number of members, 1023; initiated members, 
945 ; honorary members, 78 ; members of General Society, 
882 ; members of College Society, 63. 

The first commencement of the college was celebrated in 
September, 180G, when the first class was graduated. The 
following-named individuals eonipo.sed this class: 

Mr. Richard Cobb, who died in 1837, aged forty-nine; 
Mr. Isaac Foster Cofiin, who died in 1861, aged seventy- 
four ; John Davis, who died in 1841, aged sixty-two; Mr. 
John Maurice O'Brien, who died in 1865, aged seventy- 
nine; Moses Quinby, S.H.S., who died in 1857, aged 
seventy-one; Mr. George Tliorndike, who died in 1810, 
aged twenty-one, and who also received his degree at Har- 
vard, in 1807 ; Rev. Benjamin Titconib, who died in 1829, 
aged forty-two. 

At the same time the following fourteen persons, gradu- 
ates of other colleges, received at their own solicitation 
honorary degrees: Ebenezer H. Beckford, of Harvard; 
Oliver Bray, of Yale; Jason Chamberlain, of the Univer- 
sity of Brunswick ; Thomas J. Eckley, of Harvard ; Jacob 
H. Elliott, of Harvard ; Abraham Kustis, of Harvard ; Ja- 
cob C. Jewett, of Harvard ; Thomas JI. Jones, of Harvard ; 
Isaac Lincoln, of Harvard; Samuel Orne, ol Harvard and 
Yale ; Albion K. Parris, of Dartmouth ; Levcrctt Salton- 
sfall, of Harvard and Yale: lehabod Tucker, of Harvard; 
and Owen Warland, also of Harvard. 

This being the first oceasiim of the kiiul in a portion of 
the commonwealth then looked upon as ahno.-t a wilderness, 
excited much interest throughout Massachusetts. A large 
number of people attended I'rom the district of Maine, and 
many from Boston and vicinity. There was, perhaps, a 
larger attendance than has been usual since that time. This 
commencement is memorable not only on account of its 
being the first one, but also on account of a storm of un- 
common severity, which began the day before the one ap- 
pointed for the exercises of graduation, and for tiiree days 
raged without abatement. The exercises were postponed 
one day, but were obliged to be held the next. 

The successful working of the college at this time is 
shown by the foct that in 1807, 44 students had been ad- 
mitted to it, the library contained between 1400 and 1500 
volumes, and a philosophical and chemical apparatus had 
been obtained which was probably unsurpassed at that 
time by any in New England, except by that in Harvard 
University. A new building, subsequently named Maine 
Hall, was commenced this year. It was of brick, 140 feet 
long, 40 wide, and four stories high, and was intended for 
dormitories. 

In consequence of the illness of the president at this time, 
his duties were distributed among the three remaining in- 
structors. The tutor, Nathan Parker, A.M., Harvard, af- 
terwards Rev. Dr. Parker, of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 
"a most efiicient and able officer, both of instruction and 
Government," performed regularly the chapel duties of the 
president during the vacancy in that office. 

In September, 1807, in consequence of the death of Presi- 
dent McKeen, it became necessary to choose his successor. 
Some perplexity arose in consequence of the number of ap- 
plicants for the position, but finally the boards made selec- 
tion of Rev. Jesse Appleton, A.M., Dartmouth, who was at 



240 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



the time settled in the ministry in Hampton, N. H. His 
inauijuration toolc place in December of the same year. 

" President Appleton brougiit to the discharge of his 
duties a conscientiousness which forbade him to relax any 
effort, and a deep sense of responsibility both for the 
literary reputation and tlie moral and religious welfare of 
the institution. He possessed also rational views of colle- 
giate discipline, great discretion, unshrinking integrity, an 
uncommon spirit of command, true love of learning, culti- 
vated taste, habits of close application, and a delicacy and 
refinement of character which could not be surpassed. He 
had gained, in a degree unusual for one of liis age, the 
respect of the clergy both of Massachusetts and New 
Hampshire, as may be inferred from the fiict that in 1803 
he was one of the two most prominent candidates for the 
Theological Chair of Harvard University. The selection 
of such an individual for the presidency of the college was 
deemed highly auspicious. But he was called at the out- 
set to encounter peculiar trials. Not to mention the relaxa- 
tion of discipline likely to ensue on account of the protracted 
illness of the former president, and the interval between his 
decease and the coming of a successor, it was a time when 
there was throughout the community a tendency to loose- 
ness of sentiment and character. At no period in the 
history of our colleges has there been more recklessness on 
the part of youth. The habits of society, which then made 
the use of intoxicating liquors an essential even of com- 
mon hospitality, exerted a most deleterious influence on all 
our colleges. . . . By the unwearied assiduity, however, of 
President Appleton, by a uniform system of discipline, great 
energy, and firmness tempered with parental solicitude for 
the welfare of his pupils, and the influence of high moral 
and religious principle, which pervaded in .an uncommon 
degree all his intercourse with the students, the difficulties 
to which we have alluded were gradually overcome, and 
under his administration the college ac(juired a high repute 
for good morals as well as sound scholarship." 

In the month of June, 1808, a few students associated 
themselves together for literary purposes, under the name 
of the "Athena3an Society of Bowdoin College." Henry 
Wood was the first president. This society for a few years 
surpassed its rival, the Peucinian, but soon languished, and 
in 1811 was temporarily discontinued. It was revived 
again in 181.3, but was again disbanded in 1816 and its 
library divided. In 1818 it was again revived, and has 
continued till the present time. In 1820 the General 
Society was formed, and Levi Stowell was chosen as its first 
president. In 1822 its libraiy was injured in the burning 
of Maine Hall, in which it was kept. In 1828 this society 
was incorporated by an act of the Legislature, and a new 
seal was adopted.* In 183G its library was again almost 
totally destroyed by fire. In 1850 it received the cabinet 
of curiosities and other property of the " Caluvian Society." 
The membership of this society in 1856, the date of its last 
catalogue, was as follows : whole number of members, 885 ; 
initiated members, 739 ; honorary members, 79 ; members 

* On the seal was engraven a bead of Minerva, with the iu3cri|itiun, 
" Athinxan Society, B. C, Cul. Su. Sci. Cor." The ubbreviatious are 
for " BuwJuiu College, Cultorcs sues scicntia coronal" (Science crowns 
her worshipers). 



of the General Society, 748 ; of the College Society, 67. 
Though the.se two literary societies still exist, yet neither 
of them, it is believed, are supported with the former vigor 
and enthusiasm. 

In 1811, Mr. Bowdoin, the steadfast friend of the col- 
lege, died. He bequeathed to this institution his valuable 
private library of more than 2000 volumes, besides a large 
number of pamphlets, charts, maps, and several articles of 
philosophical apparatus, a valuable collection of minerals, 
comprising nearly 500 distinct specimens, arranged by 
Haiiy, nearly 400 models in crystallography, and a valu- 
able collection of paintings and engravings which he had 
collected in Europe. The value of this legacy was certainly 
not less than §15,000. 

At a meeting of the board of trustees of the college, on 
May 19, 1812, it was voted "that in consideration of the 
great munificence of the late Hon. James Bowdoin, Esq., 
towards this institution, and the interest taken by it in his 
lamented decease, it is expedient and becoming that public 
notice be taken of the event ; and tlierelore. Voted, that the 
secretary of this board be requested to deliver, at the ensu- 
ing commencement, an eulogy to his memory." The board 
of overseers concurred in this request, and at the ensumg 
commencement, September 2d, the eulogy was delivered by 
Rev. Mr. Jenks, and was afterwards published in pamphlet 
form by a vote of the boards. 

This year Rev. William Jenks, A.M., Harvard, at that 
time settled in the ministry at Bath, the secretary of the 
board of trustees, was appointed professor of Oriental and 
English languages. He commenced his duties Jan. 5, 
1813. "The erudition of this gentleman, and his classical 
taste, rendered his services an importani acquisition." His 
appointment was for three years only, and he kept up his 
connection with his society in Bath. Eff"orts were made to 
retain him as a permanent instructor, but they were unsuc- 
cessful. At this time the finances of the college were in a 
low state, almost the only source of income being the sale 
from tiiue to time of some of its wild lauds, which were 
not then of much value. 

In 1814 an act was passed by the General Court, making 
an annual grant to the several colleges in the common- 
wealth for ten years. The portion allotted to this college 
was 83000, one-fourth of which was to be appropriated to 
the payment of the tuition of indigent students. Tiiis 
year the " Benevolent Society of Bowdoin College" was 
instituted. It was at first composed entirely of graduates 
and undergraduates of the college, but it afterwards ad- 
mitted those not connected with the institution. It was 
incorporated, and had at one time funds to the amount of 
$700. From the printed constitution of the society the 
following fiicts are obtained : 

The object of the society was to assist " indigent young 
men of promising talents and of good moral character in 
procuring an education at this college." No person could 
receive pecuniary assistance unless he had been a member 
of college for at least one term. Any one of twenty-one 
years of age or over could become a member by paying one 
dollar on admi.ssion and one dollar annually, or a life-mem- 
ber by paying ten dollars. The society received donations 
of books, furniture, clothing, or money, and the donor 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



241 



could designate the manner in which the gift should be 
appropriated, " provided it be for an object consistent with 
the design of the society." One-half of the money re- 
ceived into the treasury and not appropriated by the donors 
was reserved as a permanent fund, of which only the an- 
nual income could be used. 

The death of President Appleton occurred in November, 
1819, and in consequence thereof a special meeting of the 
boards was called in December to elect his succe.s.sor. 
Their choice fell upon Kev. William Allen, A.M , Har- 
vard, of Hanover, N. H., who had been president of Dart- 
mouth College. In September previous, Samuel P. New- 
man, A.M., Harvard, was elected to the profes,?orship of 
Latin and Greek, which had been rendered vacant by the 
resignation, in 1816. of Professor Abbot. The new pro- 
fessor and president were both inaugurated in May, 1820. 

The formation of the new State of Maine in 1820 af- 
fected considerably the welfare of the college. 

In the " Act of Separation," passed by the Legislature of 
Massachusetts, June, 1819, it was provided that the grants 
already made to the college, which would not expire under 
four years, should continue in full force after the District 
of Maine became a State, and that all the chartered rights 
of the college should be enjoyed without change, " except 
by judicial process according to the principles of law." 
By the constitution of Maine, on the otlier hand, the 
Legislature were restrained from making any grant to any 
literary institution, unless they should have a certain right 
of control over such institution." The trustees and over- 
seers of the college, therefore, deemed it wise to vest such 
right in the Legislature of Maine, in order to be able to 
derive aid from the State. Accordingly, an application 
was made by them to the Legislatures of both States '' for 
their assent to such modifications of the college charter as 
would remove any impediment in the way of the college 
receiving patronage from the Legislature of Maine." 

In response to this petition, the Legislature of Massa- 
chusetts, on June 12th of this year, passed a resolve giving 
their consent to the alteration of the clause in the " Act of 
Separation" which referred to this college, provided the 
Legislature of Maine consented thereto, and that the alter- 
ation did not affect the rights or interests of the common- 
wealth. Four days later the Legislature of Maine passed 
an act so far modifying the " Act of Separation" as that 
the powers and privileges of the president, trustees, and 
overseers of the college should be subject to be " altered, 
limited, restrained, or extended by the Legislature of the 
State of Maine, as shall by the said Legislature be judged 
necessary to promote the best interests of said institution." 
The college having given its assent to this act, the Legisla- 
ture of Maine granted a continuance of the sum which had 
been given by Massachusetts, and which had been appro- 
priated for the purpose from a tax on the banks. By the 
power given them in this act, the Legislature also, in 
March, 1821, passed another act increasing the number of 
trustees to 25, and of overseers to 60, and the Governor 
and Council, by authority granted by the same act, pro- 
ceeded to fill by appointment the places which had been 
thus created. In this way 33 individuals were introduced 
into the two boards. 
31 



The college buildings at this time were three in number, 
arranged to form the three .sides of a square, but at suitable 
intervals from each other. The southern building was of 
wood and two stories high. The lower apartment contained 
the library, consisting at that lime of about 6000 vol- 
umes. The building on the north was a large, square, brick 
building, three stories high, divided into apartments for the 
philosophical apparatus, laboratory, mineralogical cabinet, 
etc. The eastern building was of brick, and was four sto- 
ries high, and contained 32 rooms for students. 

In 1822 an additional building, Winthrop Hall, was 
erected for dormitories. In March of this year, Maine 
Hall took fire and the entire interior was burnt, though 
the walls were not materially injured. The fire was dis- 
covered at three o'clock in the afternoon, and when first 
noticed was beyond control. It is supposed to have caught 
in the garret, but no satisfactory knowledge of its origin 
can be given. The loss by this fire was considerable. The 
building alone cost §16,000. The theological library, con- 
sisting of from three to four hundred volumes, was almost 
entirely consumed. Twelve of the students lost all their 
wearing apparel, except what they had on at the time, to- 
gether with their furniture and bedding. The private 
property thus lost was estimated at the time not far from 
§1500. 

This severe blow to the prosperity of the college was 
averted by the public liberality. Individual donations were 
extensively made, and contributions were received in a large 
nuiuber of the churches in Maine and Massachusetts, and 
thus the loss was I'ully repaired. 

In 182-t two new professorships were created. Rev. 
Thomas C. Upham, A.M., Dartmouth, who was settled in 
the ministry in Rochester, N. H., was chosen Professor of 
Metaphysics and I]thics ; and Samuel P. Newman, Professor 
of Rhetoric and Oratory. They were inaugurated in Feb- 
ruary of the following year. Professor Newman also con- 
ducted the recitations in civil polity and political economy, 
and Hebrew was taught by Professor Upham. 

This year Alpheus S. Packard, A.M., a graduate of the 
college in the class of 1816, who had been a tutor since 
1819, was chosen Profe.ssor of Languages and Classical 
Literature. 

Professor Packard was the son of Rev. Dr. Hezekiah 
Packard, and was born in Chelmsford, Mass., on Dec. 23, 
1798. His connection with the college for a period of 
fifty-eight years is evidence not only of the high esteem in 
which he has always been held by the public, as well as by 
his colleagues and the alumni, but is also a proof of the 
wL-idom originally displayed in his selection. Professor 
Packard, in addition to the professorship to which he was 
originally chosen, was appointed from 1842 to 1845 to fill 
the vacancy in the Chair of Rhetoric and Oratory, and in 
1864 was made Professor of Natural and Revealed Religion. 
In addition to his college duties, he has, from time to 
time, supplied the pulpit in the churches of the neighbor- 
ing towns. In 1860 he was honored with the title of 
S.T.D. from this college. In 1828 he was elected a member 
of the Maine Historical Society, in which he has for some 
years held and still holds the office of secretary. He has 
also for several years been one of its standing committee. 



242 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



In 1825, Williiim Smyth, A.M., a graduate of this col- 
lege ill the class of 1822, who had been a tutor for two 
years previously, was appointed Associate Professor of 
Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. In 1828 he was 
nuide a professor in full. This year, 1825, a branch of the 
literary society of graduates, known as the Phi Beta Kappa, 
of which there is a branch in nearly all the older colleges 
of the country, was organized at this college. 

In 1826 the first graduation* of a student belonging to 
the colored race occurred. John B. Russwonu, afterwards 
Governor of Liberia, was the name of this individual. 

In 1829, Henry W. Longfellow, A.M., a graduate of 
the cla.ss of 1825, was chosen to the professorship of Mod- 
ern Languages, towards the foundation of which $1000 had 
been beciueathed by Mrs. Dearborn, formerly the widow of 
Hon. James Bowdoin. Profes.sor Longfellow resigned his 
office in 1835, having been invited to a similar professorship 
in Harvard University. What is usually designated as 
"Commons Hall" was built this year. It was designed, 
and for many years was used, as a dining room for the stu- 
dents. It is now used as a laboratory of analytical chem- 
istry. 

In March, 1831, an act was pas.sed by the Lcgiislature 
which provided that no person then holding the office of 
president in any college in the State should hold said office 
beyond the day of the next commencement of the college, 
unless he should be re-elected ; and that no' person should 
be elected or re-elected to the office of president unless he 
should receive in each board two-thirds of all the votes 
given on the question of his election ; and that any person 
elected to said office should be liable to be removed at the 
pleasure of the board or boards which should elect him. 
It was furthermore provided that the fees usually paid to 
the president for degrees should be paid into the treasury, 
for the use of the college, and be no longer a perquisite of 
office. " This unprecedented act of legislation excited the 
deep concern of all who felt an interest in the permanency 
and stability of our literary institutions. Though applica- 
ble alike to both colleges of the State, its immediate object 
and direct bearing no one has ever pretended to di.sguise." 

At their next meeting the trustees and overseers voted to 
acquiesce in this act of the Legislature, and at once pro- 
ceeded to choose a president, but failed in consequence of 
their inability to get a two-thirds majority in both boards. 
A committee of the two boards was chosen to petition the 
Legislature for a repeal of the provision of the act requiring 
a two-thirds majority in each board. President Allen, how- 
ever, did not wait the result of this petition, but at once 
proceeded to test the constitutionality of this legislative en- 
actment by a .suit in the Circuit Court of the United States. 
The case was argued before Honorable Joscjih Story, asso- 
ciate justice of the Supreme Court, and Honorable Ashur 
Ware, district judge. The decision of the court had not 
only an important bearing upon the welfare of this college, 
but was also one which involved the chartered rights of all 
such institutions, and is deserving, therefore, of more par- 
ticular mention in these pages. 

The following abstract of this decision is taken from a 



* In 1858 a colored gentleman named Jncob M. Moore wae gradu- 
ated from the Medical School. 



published sketch of the college by Professor Packard, from 
which we have already freely quoted :f 

*' I. A college estnblislied for the promotion of learning nnd pieiy 
\s a private and nut a public corporation. In the charter of liowdoiD 
College the visitorial power is intrusted to the Boards of Trustees 
and Overseers; as soon as they accci>ted the charter, they acquired a 
permanent riglit and title in their offices, which could not bo diverted 
except in the manner pointed out in the charter. The Legislature was 
bound by the act; they could not resume their grant, and ttiey could 
not touch the vested rights, privileges, or franchises of the college, 
excejit so far as the ]>ower was reserved by the sixteenth section of the 
net. The language of that section is certainly very broad, but it is 
not unlimited. It is there declared that the Legislature ' may grant 
further powers to, or alter, limit, annul, or restrain any of the powers 
by this act vested in the said corporation, n« shitV be jufff/ed iicfcHsni-y 
to prmnnle the heal iiiterfsl of the culleije.' Whatever it may do, then, 
must be done to promote the best interest of the college. It is true 
that it is constilute'd the sole judge of what is the best interest of the 
college; but still it cnnnol do unythlag puinteiifi/ dcutructive nf that 
interest. Its authority is confined to the enlarging, altering, annulling, 
or restraining of the j)uwfrn of the corporation. Itcannot intermeddle 
with its pn>pcrtii ; it cannot extinguish its corporate existence; it 
cannot resume all its property, and annihilate all its powers and 
franchises. The Legislature must leave its vitality and property, and 
enable it still to act as a college. It cannot remove the trustees or 
overseers, though it may abridge, as well as enlarge, their powers. 

"2. Bowdoin College has never surrendered any of its rights. 
Whatever may have been the intentions of those concerned, at the 
outset, in regard to a surrender of the college to the State, there has 
been a miscarriage of the parties ; it has never been dp. jure under the 
control of the Legislature of Maine. 

'■ 3. But admitting that the college, as was contempl.ated, did come 
under the control of the Legislature of Maine, when it is stated in the 
act modifying the college charter that the president and trustees and 
overseers of Bowdoin College shall enjoy their powers and privileges, 
subject to be altered, limited, restrained, or extended by the Legisla- 
ture, no authority is conferred upon the Legislature to add new mem- 
bers to the boards by its own nomination or by that of the Governor 
and Council of the State. That would be an extension, not of the 
powers and privileges of the boards, but of the legislative action over 
them. If the Legislature could add one new member of its own choice 
or a])pointment, it could add any numbiT whatsoever. It could an- 
nihilate the powers and privileges of the charter boards under the 
pretense of alteration or extension. The Legislature might authorize 
an enlargement of the boards, but the places thus created must be 
filled by the boards themselves. 

" 4. The act of the Legislature, removing the presidents of Bow- 
doin and Waterville Colleges out of office at a certain time, is a direct 
exercise of a power which was expressly and exclusively conferred oQ 
the college boards by the original charter, ami which has never been 
taken from them. 

" 5. President Allen was in office under a lawful contract made with 
the boards, by which contract he was to hold that oflice during good 
behavior The act of the Legislature directly impairs the obligations 
of that contract. It takes away from him his tenure of office, and 
removes him from it. Holding his office during good behavior, he 
could not be removed from it except for gross misbehavior; and then 
only by the boards, in the manner pointed out in the original charter." 

Imtnediately upon the decision of the court being an- 
nounced. President Allen resumed the discharge of the 
duties of his office. 

In 1835, Daniel R. Goodwin, then a tutor in college, suc- 
ceeded Longfellow as Professor of Modern Languages. He 
served in this capacity until 1853, when he resigned, to 
accept the presidency of Trinity College, Connecticut. 

President Allen resigning in 1839, Rev. Leonard Woods, 
of Bangor Theological Seminary, son of Rev. Leonard 
Woods, a well-known divine, was elected as his successor. 
President Woods was at that time well known for his 

f For the full text of this deoision see Allen m. MoKeen, 1 Sumner's 
Report, 276. 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



243 



scholarly culture and attainments, and his reputation has 
steadily increased. In 1839 he received the honorary de- 
gree of D.U. from Waterville College, and in 1840 from 
Harvard College. In 18GG he received that of LL.D. 
from Bowdoin. He was not only an eminent scholar and 
a fine teacher, but he attracted students by his courteous 
demeanor and by his lenient disposition. He resigned in 
18G(j, after a period of service extending over twenty-seven 
years, — much longer than that of any previous president. 

In 1842 a professorship of Political Economy was founded, 
and Alpheus S. Packard was chosen as the first professor in 
that branch. He was succeeded in 1845 by Henry II. 
Boody, then a tutor. 

On July IGth of this latter year, the corner-stone of King 
Chapel was laid with Masonic ceremonies. There were 
present the Grand Lodge of Maine, the Boston Encamp- 
ment of Knights Templar, the Portland Encampment of 
Knights Templar, the Mount Vernon Chapter of Royal 
Arch Masons of Portland, the Montgomery Chapter of 
Bath, Ancient Landmark Lodge of Portland, Solar Lodge 
of Bath, Freeport Lodge of Freeport, and United Lodge 
of Brunswick. At the northwest angle of the ground 
there was a raised platform, upon which were the officers 
of the college, the Grand Lodge, and the Knights Templar. 
President Woods read the psalm "Lieta/its sum," and made 
an address. Prayer was offered by Rev. William T. Dwight, 
and John T. Puine, Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of 
Maine, assisted by Hon. Robert P. Dunlap, ex-Grand 
Master, then laid the stone in due form. A silver plate 
provided by the college, and one provided by the Grand 
Lodge, were deposited in the proper receptacle in the stone. 

In 1855 the new chapel was completed. The entire cost; 
was 845,000. On June 7th it was dedicated. The services 
of the occasion consisted of a selection from the Scriptures 
and a prayer by Rev. George E. Adams, a hymn, an address 
by President Woods, a second hymn, a sermon by Prof. 
Hitchcock, and a concluding prayer by Rev. Dr. Dwight. 
The services were attended by the under-graduates, many 
graduates, the college boards and faculty, and many friends 
of the college, who assembled in the library, from whence 
they moved to the chapel in a procession conducted by Hon. 
Chai'les J. Oilman as marshal. 

In 1848 a professorship of Rhetoric and Elocution was 
founded, that of Political Economy being merged in it, and 
Prof. Henry H. Boody was appointed to this office. He 
was succeeded in 1856 by Egbert C. Smyth, son of Prof. 
William Smyth, a graduate of the college in 1848, and a 
tutor in 1849. 

A professorship of Natural and Revealed Religion was 
founded in 1850 by subscriptions among the Orthodox 
Congregationalists, and Calvin E. Stowe, D.D., of the class 
of 1829, an eminent scholar and theologian, was chosen to 
thatoffice. He was succeeded in 1852 by Roswell D. Hitch- 
cock, a graduate of Amherst in 1836, now of New York 
City. In 1856, Prof. E. C. Smyth was transferred to this 
chair, and Joshua L. Chamberlain, of the class of 1852, 
was appointed to the chair of Rhetoric and Oratory. In 
1858, William Russell, a distinguished elocutionist, assisted 
in his branch. 

Prof Goodwin resigned in 1855, and Ciiarles Carroll 



Everett, now a professor in Harvard College, occupied the 
chair of Modern Languages for two years, from 1855 to 
1857. lie was succeeded by Prof Chamberlain for two 
years, when William A. Packard, class of 1851, now pro- 
fessor at Princeton, gave the instruction for one year. In 
1861, Prof Chamberlain was again placed in the chair of 
Modern Languages, that of Rhetoric and Oratory being 
filled in 1862 by Rev. Eliphalet Whittlesey, a graduate of 
Yale. 

In August of this year, 1862, Prof Chambsrlain re- 
signed his office to go into the army for the period of the 
war then raging. The boards, however, granted him leave 
of absence instead of accepting his resignation, and Steplicn 
J. Young, class of 1859, was made Provisional Instructor 
in Modern Languages, to which, on Prof. Chamberlain's 
resigning in 1865, he was elected as professor. 

Prof Whittlesey also went into the army, and the duties 
of his chair were performed by members of the faculty. At 
the close of the war Prof Whittlesey resigned, and Gen. 
Chamberlain was re-elected to the chair of Rhetoric and 
Oratory, wliich, however, he again resigned in 1866, to 
accept the office of Governor of Maine. Ho was followed 
by John S. Sewall, class of 1850, who held the chair until 
1875, when Prof. Henry L. Chapman, Bowdoin, class of 
1866, was transferred to this from the Chair of Latin. 

In 1859, Paul A. Chadbourne, a graduate of Williams, 
was chosen Professor of Chemistry and Natural History. 
He was succeeded in 1863 by Cyrus F. Brackett, a graduate 
in 1859, tutor in 1863. In 1864, Prof Brackett was ap- 
pointed Adjunct Professor of Natural Science, and in 1865 
to a full professorship in the Josiah Little chair of Natural 
Science, to which, however, in 1868, George L. Goodale, a 
graduate of Amherst in 1860, was elected. 

In 1852, William P. Tucker, class of 1854, tutor since 
1857, was instructor in mathematics for one year. He had 
in the mean time, as librarian, prepared an elaborate and 
valuable catalogue of the college library. In 1865, Edward 
N. Packard, tutor since 1863, was instructor, and in 1876 
Adjunct Professor of Mathematics. The death of Professor 
Smyth, in 1868, while intensely engaged upon the building 
of Memorial Hall, left the chair of Mathematics and Natural 
Philosophy vacant, and Charles E. Rockwood, a graduate 
of Yale, was chosen to the place. 

In 1864, Professor E. C. Smyth resigned the chair of 
Natural and Revealed Religion, and was succeeded by Pro- 
fessor Alpheus S. Packard, who was transferred from the 
chair of Ancient Languages, to which, in 1865, Rev. Jo- 
tham B. Sewall, class of 1848, tutor in 1851, was chosen. 
In 1871, Henry L. Chapman was chosen Adjunct Professor 
of Latin, and in 1872 a full professor. 

In 1865 the alumni of the college voted to erect a build- 
ing, to be called Memorial Hall, in honor of the graduates 
and students of the college who had died in the civil war. 
A subscription was at once started to carry the plan into 
execution, and a committee w;is raised for the purpose. A 
sufficient amount of funds was raised to warrant the prose- 
cution of the work, and tlie corner-stone was accordingly 
laid in 1866. The outside of the building has since been 
completed, but enougli funds have not yet been secured to 
enable it to be finished inside. When more prosperous 



244 



HISTORY OF CUiMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



times return there is scarcely any doubt but that the original 
intention will be carried out. 

President Woods resij^ning in 18G5, Rev. Samuel Har- 
ris, S.T.D., a graduate of 1833, was elected to his place in 
18G7. lie took upon himself, also, the duties of the Pro- 
fessor of Sloral Philosophy and ]Meta])hysics. Professor 
Upham being that year honored with the Eintriliis title. 

In 1871 the eminent scholar, civilian, and general, ex- 
Governor Chamberlain, was chosen to succeed President 
Harris, and at this time quite a reorganization of the col- 
lege occurred. A seientiBo department was established and 
several new chairs of instruction were founded. George L. 
Voce, C.E., was elected Professor of Civil Engineering ; 
Edward S. Jlorse, Ph.D., of Salem, Professor of Compara- 
tive Anatomy and Zoology ; Mr. James B. Taylor, Pro- 
visional Professor of Elocution and Oratory ; the chair of 
Latin was separated from that of Greek ; and United States 
officers were brought here by orders of the government, — • 
Brevet-Maj. J. P. Sanger, 4th United States Artillery, as 
Professor of Military Science, and John N. McClintock, 
class of 1867. of the United States Coast Survey, as in- 
structor in Topographical Engineering. 

In 1872, Professor Brackett was made Professor of 
Chemistry and Physics, and Robert L. Packard, class of 
18()8, Assistant Professor of Applied Chemistry for one 
year. In 1873, however, Professors Brackett and Goodale 
resigned, and Henry Carmichael, a graduate of Amherst 
and of Giittingen, Germany, was elected Professor of Chem- 
istry and Physics, and Dr. Charles A. White, of Iowa, 
Josiah Little Professor of Natural Science. In the winter 
of the same year, Professor Rockwood resigned, and Charles 
H. Smith, a graduate of Yale, was Professor of Mathe- 
matics. Dr. White resigned in 1875, and the instruction 
has since been given by diflerent persons, Professor A. S. 
Packard, Jr., class of 18G1, giving an annual course of lec- 
tures on entomology ; Mr. George L. Chandler, class of 
18GS, giving instruction in natural history in 1875-7G; 
and Mr. Leslie A. Lee, a graduate of St. Lawrence Univer- 
sity (Canton, N. Y.), class of 1872, in 187G-77. 

In connection with the new plan arrangements were also 
made for other instruction in various branches, should they 
be needed. Professor Paul A. Chadbourne was engaged to 
give the instruction in mental philosophy. Exercise in the 
gymnasium was made regular and obligatory, and military 
science and tactics were required, to a certain extent, of all 
not specially excused. Professor Chadbourne was succeeded 
in 1873 by Rev. E. C. Cumniings, and by President Mark 
Hopkins in 1874. This year, however, the Edward Little 
chair of Mental and Moral Philosophy was founded, and 
President Chamberlain was chosen as professor. 

In 1875, Maj. Sanger's detail expired, and Brevet-Capt. 
Louis V. Caziarc, 1st United States Artillery, was appointed 
in his place as Professor of Military Science and Tactics. 
Mr. Charles H. Moore has been instructor in Latin since 
Professor Chapman's resignation, except one year, when 
Professor A. II. Davis held the chair provisionally. 

Professor Young, having accepted the office of treasurer, 
reliiKiuishcd the duties of his chair, and they were per- 
formed for one year by Instructor Moore, and since then by 
Charles E. Springer, class of 1874. 



In 1873 the old Commons Hall was remodeled into a 
laboratory of analytical chemi.>try, and Mr. F. C. Robinson 
was chosen instructor in that department of chemistry. 
The same year the lower floor of Jlcmorial Hall was fitted 
up as a gymnasium. Hon. Peleg W. Chandler, of Boston, 
also this year, remodeled old Massachusetts Hall into a 
beautiful room, called the Clcaveland Cabinet, in memory 
of the late Professor Parker Cleaveland. 

A jiicturc-gallery has also been finished in the chapel, 
over the library. Two fine pictures have been added to the 
panels of the chapter, one given by Mrs. William S. Perry, 
in memory of her husband, the subject being " The Trans- 
figuration ;" the other, " Moses giving the Law," which is 
the beautiful memento left by the class of 1877. The last 
makes the seventh of the pictures which have been, from 
time to time, added to the chnpel panels. 

Since 1872 over $25,000 have been given the college as 
scholarships to aid deserving students, and $100,000 to- 
wards a general tndowment of the college. 

Mca.sures have been taken to endow a " Longfellow Pro- 
fessorship of Modern Languages," and a " Cleaveland Pro- 
fessorship of Chemistry and Mineralogy." Eftbrts are also 
being made to add the " Upham Professorship of Mental 
Philosophy." 

IMany valuable gifts have been made the college in the 
way of books and natural history collections. Especially 
notable are the collection of Jlrs. Frederick Allen, of Gar- 
diner, comprising more than 1000 specimens, including 
many from JMount ^tna, presented by her daughter, Mrs. 
Elton, of Boston, the Cushman collection of birds, of 
Maine, and the Blake herbarium. 

The whole number of graduates from the college up to 
187G is 1887. The number of students at present is about 
137, and of officers of instruction, 15. 

The number of volumes in the college library is 17,500 ; 
in the medical library, 4000 ; in the libraries of the Athe- 
nsean and Peucinian Societies, 13,100; and in the Histor- 
ical Society's library, which is placed in a room of the 
college chapel, 3000 ; making a total of books accessible 
to the student of 37, GOO volumes. Largo additions have 
also been made to the chemical and physical apparatus. 

The public buildings of the college are at present, — 

Massachiiselfs Hall, containing the Cleaveland cabinet, 
lecture-room, and treasurer's office. 

Wiiitlirop Hall, containing, on the lower floor, the engi- 
neering-rooms and recitation-rooms, the upper floors being 
used as dormitories. 

Maine Hall, having on the lower floors the Athenscan 
and Peucinian Societies' libraries and recitation-rooms ; and 
on the upper floor, dormitories. 

Applt'lon Hall, containing dormitories. 

Kiiiff Chapel, containing the picture-gallery, library- 
rooms, and Historical Society's rooms. 

Adams Hall, containing the lecture-rooms of chemistry 
and physics, and the rooms of the Medical School. 

Analytical Laboratory and Mimorial Hall, containing 
gymnasium. These buildings, witii the exception of Adams 
Hall and the Analytical Laboratory, will, when the original 
plan is comj)leted, form a quadrangle, the side towards the 
public road being open. 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



245 



The present total estimated value of the college property, 
real estate and permanent material, is $375,()0(( ; the pro- 
ductive funds are $244,000 ; the total annual income is 
$30,0t)0. 

Besides the three literary societies of the college, already 
mentioned, it is proper to add that there have been, from 
time to time, several secret associations formed, which are 
presumably for literary purposes. The principal ones, if 
not all, are designated as the Alpha Delta Phi, Delta Kappa 
Epsilon, Chi Psi, Psi Upsilon, and Theta Delta Chi. The 
liistory of these societies is, of course, known only to the 
initiated. 

THE MEDICAL SCHOOL OF M.\INE. 

In 1 820 an act was passed by the Legislature establish- 
ing a Medical School, to be connected with Bowdoin Col- 
lege, and also making an annual grant of $1000, during the 
pleasure of the Legislature, for the promotion of the objects 
designed in its establishment. Dr. Nathan Smith, a mem- 
ber of several societies, both in this country and in Europe, 
founder of the Medical School of New Hampshire, and an 
eminent physician and surgeon, was appointed Professor of 
the Theory and Practice of Medicine. He also assumed 
the duties of instructor in anatomy and surgery. He was 
assisted in the latter branches by Dr. John D. Wells, who 
had just taken his medical degree at Cambridge. At the 
close of the first course of lectures Dr. A\'ells was chosen 
to fill the chair of Anatomy, and immediately sailed for 
Europe, where he spent nearly two years preparing himself 
ibr the discharge of the duties of his office. After a short 
but brilliant career as a lecturer at this college, at the 
Berkshire Medical Institution, and at Baltimore, he died, 
and was succeeded, in 1831, by Dr. Keuben D. Mussey. 

In 1825 the chair of Obstetrics was founded, and Dr. 
James McKcen was appointed professor. Dr. McKecn 
prepared himself for the duties of his office by a prelimi- 
nary study in the lying-in hospitals of Europe, and served 
acceptably until 1839, when he resigned, and was succeeded 
by Ebenezer Wells, M.D., as lecturer. 

In 184(i the chair of Materia Medica and Therapeutics 
was founded, and Dr. Charles A. Lee was chosen as lec- 
turer, and in 1854 as professor. He resigned in 1859, 
and was succeeded by Dr. Israel T. Dana as lecturer, and 
afterwards as professor in full. Dr. Thorndike resigned in 
1861, and was succeeded by Dr. William C. Robinson. 

In 1849 the chair of Medical Jurisprudence was founded, 
and Hon. John S. Tenney was chosen as lecturer. 

In 1857 the chair of Anatomy was separated from that 
of Surgery and joined to that of Physiology, and Dr. David 
S. Conant was elected, at first as lecturer, and afterwards 
as professor. He was succeeded in 18C3 by Dr. Corydon 
L. Ford. Edmund R. Peaslee, M.D., who had been chosen 
as lecturer on Anatomy and Surgery in 1843, and as a 
professor in these branches in 1845, was in 1857 appointed 
Professor of Surgery. 

From 1820 until his death in 1858, Professor Parker 
Cleaveland gave an annual course of lectures on chemistry 
to the medical students. 

Under the influence and by the exertions of these gen- 
tlemen and their successors, this medical school has enjoyed 
a good degree of prosperity. At first, and for many years. 



the lectures were given in the upper room of Massachusetts 
Hall, but in 18G1 the Adams Hall was built expressly for 
the accommodation of this school. 

The present accommodations are ample, and the .school 
has a valuable cabinet and an excellent library of choice 
works and expensive plates. Clinical instruction is given 
several times a week, and students can have the privilege 
of occasional visits to the hospitals of Portland at but 
slight expense. 

This school, during the fifty-seven years of its existence, 
has graduated 1174 pupils, of whom 70 have been alumni 
of Bowdoin College. The last class numbered 90 members, 
and the present number of instructors is 10. The following 
is a list of the professors and lecturers not already men- 
tioned : of Chemistry, Professors Paul A. Chadbourne, 
Cyrus F. Brackett, and Ilcnry Carmichael ; of Tiieory and 
Practice, Henry H. Childs, Daniel Oliver, Profes.sor John 
De La Mater, Profe.s.sor William Sweetzer, William Perry, 
James McKeen, Israel T. Dana, Professor Alonzo B. 
Palmer, and Alfred Mitchell, Adjunct Professor; of Anat- 
omy and Surgpiy, Jedediah Ci)bb and Joseph Roby; of 
Anatomy and I'liysiology, Profcs.sors Thomas T. Sabine 
and Thomas Dwight; of Anatomy, Professors Thomas 
Dwight and Stephen H. Weeks; of Physiology , Professors 
Robert Ainory and Burt G. Wilder; of Surgery, Pro- 
fessors Timothy Childs, David S Conant, ami William W. 
Green ; licciurers, Alphous B. Cro.^by and Thomas T. 
Sabine; of Obstetrics, lienjamiii F. B.uker, Professor 
Amos Nourse, Theodore H. Jewett, Professors William C. 
Robinson, Edward W. Jenks, and Alfred Mitchell; of 
Materia Medica and Therapeutics, Professors Dana, Wil- 
liam C. Robinson, George L. Goodale, and Frederick H. 
Gerrish ; of Medical Jurisprudence, Cyrus F. Brackett, 
John Appleton, and Professor Charles W. Goddard. 

This .school has exerted a very marked influence on the 
interests of medical science, and also upon the general 
interests of education in the State, and has annually sent 
forth a corps of physicians qualified not only to cope vigor- 
ously with the unseen, though certain foe of the human 
race, but who have also .shown themselves, hitherto, alive 
to the material welfare and best interests of the State, and 
have thus far more than repaid the amount expended upon 
the school by the State. 

CHURCHES. 
FIRST PARISH. 

In 1718, Rev. James Woodside was called to be the first 
parish minister. The first meeting-house was begun in 
1719. It stood where the old burying-ground is, a mile 
south of the colleges. Mr. Woodside received a salary of 
£40 per annum, but he did not suit the people, and was 
dismissed after the expiration of one year. Rev. Isaac 
Taylor was his successor, who was employed to preach in 
Brunswick and Topsham for one year, 1721. The first 
minister after the incorporation of the town was Rev. 
Robert Rutherford, who commenced his labors in 1735, 
and closed them in 1742. Among those who followed were 
Revs. Samuel Osborne and James Morton. Revs. Blowers, 
Crumble, and McClanathan are also mentioned, but none of 
them appear to have settled as parish ministers. In No- 



246 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



vember, 1742, Rev. Mr. Hodges, of Fiilraoutb, was era- 
ployed to preach " five or six niontlis, on a .salary of £3 per 
vpeek." The parish was without a minister from this time 
till March, 1747, when it was voted to settle Rev. Robert 
Dunlap, at a salary of £200 a year (old tenor). In 1754 
the proprietors deeded him 150 acres of land. Mr. Dunlap 
continued to minister to the parish till October, 17G0. 

Rev. John Miller, of Milton, Mass., was ordained and 
settled over the parish in November, 1762, and remained 
till his death, in 1788. Rev. Abram 5Ioore was the next 
minister, for six months, and was followed by Rev. Ebenezer 
Coffin, who was pastor till 1801. From this time till 1806, 
there was occasional preaching in the old meeting-house. 
In 1806 the old house was abandoned by the parish, and a 
new one, built on the hill, was occupied. At this date the 
town ceased to manage the affairs of the parish. 

At what time the church was organized is not known. 
Its male members in 1761 were Jolin Minot, Samuel Clarke, 
Ebenezer Stanwood, William Simpson, David Dunning, 
John Orr, Samuel Whitney, Isaac Snow, James Thomp- 
son, Aaron Hinkley, Samuel Stanwood, James Elliott, Wil- 
liam Ross, William Stanwood, Thomas Adams, Thomas 
Skolfield, and John Smart. The church was originally 
Presbyterian in form, and so continued during the ministry 
of Mr. Dunlap. It was then for a time Congregationalist, 
and then returned to fellow^hip in the Londonderry Pres- 
bytery. The north gallery of the new church edifice was 
reserved for students in the Bowdoin College. 

After Mr. Coffin's dismissal, the parish for several years 
had only occasional preaching, and for considerable of the 
time was without any, .so that in April, 1810, the parish 
voted to petition the Court of Common Pleas for a remission 
of the fine that had been imposed upon them '■ fur not being 
supplied with preaching." In 1824 a bell was placed in 
the tower of the meeting-house. 

The next pastor was Rev. Winthrop Bailey, who settled 
over the parish in 1811, and continued to officiate till 1814. 
Rev. Asa Mead was the next .settled minister, in 1822. He 
was dismissed at his own request in July, 1829, and in No- 
vember Rev. George Jj. Adams was called, and was in- 
stalled December 29th. Dr. Adams was called from the 
professorship of sacred rhetoric in the Bangor Theological 
Seminary. Ilis ministry was continued with uninterrupted 
unanimity for a period of forty-one years, and closed in 
August, 1870. In December, 1870, Rev. Ezra II. Bying- 
ton (graduate of the University of Vermont, 1852) was 
invited to supply the pulpit, and in January following be- 
came pastor of the church by a unanimous invitation. 

The third edifice of the church was built in 1806, and 
dedicated in 1807. The building was remodeled and made 
more pleasant and commodious in 1833. lu 1845 it was 
taken down and the present edifice erected upon its site. 

BAPTIST CHURCHES. 

The first services in Brunswick by any preacher of the 
Baptist denomination were held in the year 1783. About 
this time Polders Case, Potter, and Lord preached here in 
some private houses, and the attention of the public was 
drawn to their theological views. On the 22d of October, 
1783, Rev. Isaac Case preached in the house of Mr. Wood- 



ward, and on the following afternoon at the house of Mr. 
Samuel Getchell. 

In 1789 or 1790, Samuel Woodward and others formed 
themselves into a Baptist Society and refused taxes to the 
First Parish. In May, 1790, Joseph Morse entered in the 
town records his protest against ever paying anything to 
any Congregational or Presbyterian preacher. 

On June 29, 1794, Judah Chase, William Mariner, 
Aaron Snow, Samuel Mariner, John Getchell, John Mari- 
ner, Charles Cowan, I'eter Jordan, Robert Jordan, Anthony 
Woodside, David Ferrin, John Ferrin, Robert Dunning, 
David Clark, Benjamin Getchell, Stephen Getchell, Joha 
Williams, George Williams, Philip Iliggins, Reuben Ilig- 
gins, Sylvanus Combs, Philip Higgins, Jr., Samuel Wil- 
liams, William Thompson, Joseph O'Donehue, Joseph 
Morse, Richard Orr, William Stanwood, Samuel Dunlap, 
Daniel Brown, Philip Owens, Samuel Iluey, Joseph Ro.ss, 
John Mariner, Jr., Josiah Sinip.son, ^lichaol Grows, NathaD 
Combs, George Winslow, Joseph Saint Combs, William 
Dunning, Samuel Woodward, Peter Woodward, William 
Getchell, Jr., Ezekiel Spaulding, Ezekiel Spaulding, Jr., 
John S. Getchell, John Rideout, Samuel Getchell, John 
Matthews, David Linseott, William Woodside, Jr , George 
Combs, and George Comhs, Jr., were incorporated by the 
name of " The Baptist Religious Society in Brun.swiek, 
Harpswell, and Bath." Previous to this time the society 
had no legal existence. 

In May, 1795, the town voted to pass by the fourth article 
in the warrant concerning allowing the Baptists to use the 
meeting-houses a part of the time. 

In 1799, Philip Owen, William Dunning, Daniel Brown, 
Judah Chase, Samuel Dunlap, Josiah Simpson, Anthony 
Woodside, Michael Grows, and Jo.seph Ross withdrew from 
this society and formed one at Maquoit. 

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH OP BRUNSWICK. 

This church was formed in 1799 by the following-named 
persons, dismissed from the Bowdoin and Harpswell 
churches for that purpose : Judah Chase, Samuel Dunlap, 
William Stanwood, Sarah Woodside, Philip Owen, Mrs. 
Ross, wife of William Ross, and J. Merrill. 

The following is a list of the members of the church 
in 1803: Deacon Samuel Dunlap, Judah Chase, Philip 
Owen, John Merrill, Esq., Wm. Woodside, iMrs. Sarah 
Woodside, Mrs. Ro.ss, wife of Wm. Ross, Abraham Tooth- 
aker and his wife, Betsey Owen, Molly Toothaker, Jane 
Curtiss, Molly Merryman, Mr. Browning and Mrs. Brown- 
ing, Elisha Snow, Jean Dunning, Betsey Alexander, Mar- 
tha Hunt, Jane Martin, Mrs. Snow, wife of Elisha Snow, 
Mrs. Brown, wife of Daniel Brown, Sarah Alexander, Mrs. 
Sparks, Hitty Hasey, Abner Melcher, Nabby Atherton, 
Katharine Willson, Andrew Blake, Hesiah Blake, Peggy 
Stanwood, Ann Chase, and Shimuel Owen. 

On the 22d of February, 1803, Philip Owen, William 
Dunning, Daniel Brown, Judah Chase, Samuel Dunlap, 
Josiah Simpson, Anthony Woodside, Michael Grows, Jo- 
seph Ross, Samuel Stanwood, William Woodside, Andrew 
Blake, Abraham Toothaker, William Starbird, David Cur- 
tis, James Stanwood, Adam Woodside, David Dunning, 
William Ross, Frederick Frencii, Nathaniel Chase, James 



TOWN OF BRUNSWICK. 



247 



Chase, AVilliatn Swett, Sliiniuel Owen, Abner Melcher, 
AVilliiini Low, Charles Ryan, Ephiaiiu Hunt, William 
Lunt, Andrew Duniiinj;, William Hunt, Anthony Chase, 
GiJeon Toothaker, Juhn Given, David Given, and Uriah 
Elliot were ineorporated as the Baptist Societ}' in Bruiiswiek. 
The pastors of this church liave been Elders Williams 
and Kendall, prior to Elder Benjamin Titcomb ; Benja- 
min Titcomb, 1804-21; Benjamin Titeomb, Jr., 1822 
-27 ; Samuel Mariner, Adam Wilson, Shiiuuel Owen, 
Henry Randall, supplies, 1827-30 ; John Bailey, 1880-33; 
William Johnson, 183G-40; Noah Norton, 1840-45; Jo- 
seph Hutchinson, 1848-52 ; Greuville M. Atkins, 18(J7-G8. 

BAPTIST MEETING-HODSES. 

The first meeting-house erected by the Baptists was 
built at Maquoit, in 1708 or 1799. It stood about a mile 
below the old First Parish meeting-house, where the old 
Maquoit burying-ground is. It was somewhat like the 
old First Parish meeting-house, having no steeple, and 
being roughly finished. In 1853 it was sold to Samuel 
Dunning, and moved to his ship-yard for a boarding-house. 

The next building erected by the Baptists was at New 
Meadows, in the year 1800. In 1848 it was taken down, 
and the present edifice erected on its site. 

The third Baptist meeting-house was what is now known 
as the Congregational Vestry. It was erected in 1826, by 
the " Second Baptist Society," and occupied by them for 
about ten years. In 1841 it was sold to the First Parish. 

The fourth building erected by the Baptists was the one 
now occupied by the Catholics, on Federal Street. It was 
erected in 1829, by the Federal Street Baptist Society. It 
cost about $800. It was sold to the Methodists in 1836, 
was occupied by them until the erection of their present 
house in 186G, and was subsequently sold to the Catholics. 

The Maine Street Baptist church was erected in 1840. 
In 1867 it was remodeled and greatly improved, at a cost 
of $2000. The pulpit and platform were remodeled and 
finished in black walnut and chestnut, to correspond with 
the newly-arranged pews, which were also made of chestnut, 
and without doors. The aisles were carpeted, the ceiling 
was frescoed, and gas-fixtures were put in. 

FREE-WILL BAPTIST MEETINGHOUSE. 

The first Free-Will Baptist nieeting-hou.se was erected 
in 1810. It was a small, one-story building, and stood 
quite near the Freeport line. What became of this build- 
ing is not known. The society worshiping in it afterwards, 
in 1827, united with the Universalists and Congregation- 
alists in building the Union meeting-house at Growstown. 

The village church of the Free-Will Baptists, on O'Brien 
Street, was erected in 1876, the society having previously 
worshiped in Lemont Hall. 

THE UNION MEETING-HOUSE AT GROWSTOWN 

was erected in 1827. This house was built jointly by the 
Free-Wdl Baptists, the Congregationalists, and the Uni- 
versalists. Rev. Sylvanus Cobb, a Universalist, preached 
the first sermon in it. It is still used by the Free-Will 
Baptists, who, although it was built fur a union meeting- 
house, have had control of it most of the time. 



UNIVERSALIST MEETING-nOUSES. 

The first church edifice erected by the Universalists was 
situated on Federal Street, opposite the present high school 
building, on the lot now owned by the Unitarians. It was 
built in 1828, and cost about $700, which in those days 
was quite a sum of money. Mr. Anthony C. Raymond 
built the house chiefly at iiis own expense. When com- 
pleted he sold pews to fifteen persons, and subsequently a 
few more pews were disposed of, but he was <iKvays tiie 
principal owner. The house was dedicated Nov. 24, 1829. 
In 1847 or 1848 the building was sold to the JIaquoit 
Baptist Society, and it was removed to the junction of the 
old Harpswell and Jlair Point roads, where it received the 
name of the Forest Church. In 1875 it was sold to the 
Grangers, moved back to the village, and placed at Union 
Street and Gilman Avenue, where it is used as a hall. 

The second church building erected by the Universalists 
was what is now known as the Mason Street church. It 
was built in 18 16, the ba.semcnt of the building and the 
land being the exclusive property of Mr. John L. Swift. 
The dedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. E. G. Brooks, 
of Bath (now Rev. Dr. Brooks, of the Church of the Mes- 
siah, Philadelphia). The prayer of consecration was offered 
by Rev. George Bates, of Turner, recently deceased. Other 
parts of the services were performed by Rev. Giles Bailey, 
the pastor, by Rev. Seth Stetson, and by Rev. W. C. 
George. The town-clock and bell on this building were 
purchased chiefly by subscription by citizens of Brunswick 
and Topsham in 1847, the town of Brunswick appropri- 
ating, however, the sum of $200 towards the purchase of 
the clock. Col. Andrew Donnison was the most prominently 
connected with the movement, and the subject was .started 
by him. He transacted the business, and the bills were 
made in his name as ngent fur the toicii. A bell weighing 
1700 pounds was purchased of Henry N. Hooper & Co , 
of Boston, but it was unsatisfactory in lone, and was re- 
turned. Another bell was then purchased of George H. 
Holbrook, of East Medway, Mass., weighing 1794 pounds, 
and costing $479.57. The same bell is now in use. The 
clock was purchased of Howard & Davis, Boston. It cost, 
including dial, hands, etc., and expenses of freight and 
putting up, $340.30. 

METHODIST CHURCH. 

The Methodist church on Pleasant Street is the only 
one ever erected by that denomination in Brunswick. It 
was built in 186G. They had previously worshiped in the 
building on Federal Street, which they bought of the Baptists. 

The new edifice on Pleasant Street was begun in the 
spring of 1866, and was completed in December of the same 
year. It cost, with the lot, $9000. Nearly the whole 
amount was raised by voluntary subscription and by the 
sale of pews. There was, however, a debt of $1000, which 
was finally paid in the year 1872. 

On Dec. 5, 1866, the chapel was dedicated with the 
following services : 

Invocation, by Rev. E. .\. Holmeishausen ; address, by 
Rev. J. Colby; hymn (964th), by Rev. L. D. Wardwcll ; 
prayer, by Rev. D. B. Randall ; reading of Scriptures, by 
Rev. C. C. Cone; hymn (968th), by Rev. Mark Trafton ; 



248 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



sermon, by the same, followed by an ofFertory, psalm of con- 
secration, presentation, declaration, prayer of consecration, 
anthem, doxolopry, and benediction. 

In 1873 the church was thoroughly repaired, some 
marked improvements made, and the lot inclosed with a 
handsome and durable fence. The cost of these repairs 
and improvements was about $tj50, which was promptly 
paid. 

ST. P.MTL's church (EPISCOPAL). 

This church was erected in 184-1 and 18-15. from plans 
furnished by Richard Upjohn, architect, of New York. The 
cost of the building and land was about $4000, most of 
which was contributed by friends in Rhode Island, New 
York, and Philadelphia. It was consecrated, according to 
the use and liturgy of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 
the United States, on Friday, July 1 1 , 1845. 

The deed of donation was read by Rev. Thomas F. Fales, 
rector of the parish, and the sentence of consecration, by 
Rev. Robert B. Hall, of the Diocese of Rhode Island. 
Morning prayer was conducted by Rev. Messrs. James 
Pratt, of Portland, and Alexander Burgess, of Augusta. 
The rector read the ante-communion service, assisted by 
Rev. R. B. Hall, who read the epistle, and Rev. Francis 
Peck, of the Diocese of Maryland, who read the gospel. 
The consecration sermon was preached by Bihhop Hcnsliaw, 
of Rhode Island. 

Various changes have been made in the church. In 
1858 the present arched ceiling was put in, under the open- 
timbered roof, to improve the acoustic properties of the 
building. Changes were made in the chancel furniture, 
but the most noticeable improvements were made by Rev. 
Mr. Taylor, in August, 1873, which have made the church 
so beautiful. The memorial window to Bishop Burgess 
was placed in the chancel in 1868, and that to Rev. Dr. 
liallard in November, 1871. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 



GEN. JOSHUA L. CHAMBERLAIN 

was born in Brewer, near the city of Bangor, in September, 
1828. His father's family came to this country from Eng- 
land, but the family traditions claim a descent from the 
Tancarvilles and Montmorencies, of Normandy, in France. 
In his mother's family the Huguenot and the Puritan ele- 
ments were mingled. His ancestors on the fiither's side 
held military commissions in the war of 1812, the Revo- 
lution, and the French and Indian wars. 

The parents of Joshua L. gave him the best education 
the State afforded. After having received a careful train- 
ing in the public and private schools at home, and in the 
military school of Major Whiting, at Ellsworth, he entered 
Bowdoin College and graduated in 1852, having taken the 
highest honors. He then studied for three yeai-s at Bangor 
Theological Seminary, devoting himself especially to the 
oriental languages and theology. During this time he was 
also supervisor of public schools in his native town. His 
" Masters Oration" at Bowdoin, in 1855, attracted so much 
attention that he was appointed a special instructor in 



Logic and Natural Theology, and the year afterwards was 
made Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory. His proficiency 
in the French and German languages was such that he was 
placed in charge of those languages for two years, and in 
18GI was elected Professor of Modern Languages. In the 
summer of 18G2 leave of absence was granted him to visit 
Europe. The civil war, however, being then at its darkest 
period he tendered his resignation as professor, and, offering 
his services to the government, was cominissioned lieuten- 
ant-colonel of the 20th Maine Volunteers on the 8th of 
August, 18()2. This regiment was sent to share the event- 
ful fortunes of the Army of the Potomac. From that 
time his history is well known. It is sufficient to say here 
that he was in all the battles, skirmishes, and movements 
of that army until the close of the war, constantly at the 
front, always in important and responsible positions, and 
often in conspicuous ones. He was made a general on the 
field, his promotion being announced in orders by Gen. 
Grant, sanctioned by President Lincoln, and immediately 
ratified by the Senate. It was his fortune also to com- 
mand the parade at the surrender of the arms and colors of 
Lee's army at Appomattox Court-house. He was several 
times wounded, — once so severely that he was given up for 
dead, and his survival is almost without parallel. 

At the breaking up of the army he was assigned to a 
new command, with the offer of permanent retention in the 
service with full rank of colonel, and the brevet of major- 
general, which was his volunteer rank. He declined this 
prefewuent, and returned to his home, suffering under an 
accumulation of wounds, when the college at once re- 
elected him to the chair of Rhetoric and Oratory. lu 18G6 
he was chosen Governor of Maine by the largest majority 
ever given up to that time, and was re-elected to this office 
for four successive terms. His conservative ideas and his 
rigid impartiality in treating questions which came before 
him, involving party interests, seemed to lo.se him favor with 
some of his party; and his declining to seize the opportu- 
nity to secure an election to the United States Senate — an 
office believed to be easily within his reach — alienated many 
friends, who thought his notions of personal honor were 
too nice and .scrupulous for a successful party leader. 

In 1871 he was elected president of Bowdoin College, 
and shortly afterwards Professor of Mental and Moral Phil- 
osophy. This latter chair he resigned in 1879, in order to 
devote himself more largely to the general interests of the 
college and to the political and social sciences, for which 
there was no established provision. He is now giving lec- 
tures on political economy, political ethics, and public law. 

He has given many public orations and addresses, — that 
before the Society of the Army of the Potomac at its or- 
ganization in 18t)G, and the address on Maine's Place in 
History, at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, in 
187lJ, having attracted most attention. He is much sought 
as an orator or lecturer for special occasions, and sometimes 
takes part in political affairs, where he is prominent among 
the more conservative members of his party. 

In 1878 he was appointed United States conimi.-isioncr to 
the Paris Exposition, and was charged with the preparation 
of a report on education in Europe, which has not yet been 
published. 





0>^ - <;S-«^ce..<.<^t-'(^^j2.,^<^$iix:,^ 



CAPE ELIZABETH. 



DESCRIPTION AND BOUNDARIES. 

Cape Elizabeth isa peninsula projecting southward into 
the Atlantic Ocean, and forming the western headland of 
Casco Bay. As a town or municipality it takes its name 
from the cape which constitutes the southern end of the 
peninsula ; and is bounded north by the towns of Westbrook 
and Deering, and by Fore River and Portland Harbor, 
east by Casco Bay, south by the Atlantic Ocean, and west 
by the Spurwink River and Scarborough. The town em- 
braces Richmond Island, the earliest settled portion of this 
whole region of country, and several small islets off its 
southern coast, viz., the Sisters, Stephen's Rock, Ram 
Island, Chimney Rock, and the Brothers. The light-houses 
and coast-features of the cape are described in the general 
chapter on topography. The town contains an area of about 
13,000 acres. Being nearly surrounded by tide-water. Cape 
Elizabeth has no interior sewers for its drainage, its boundary 
lines being Fore River on the north, which separates it from 
Portland, and the Spurwink, which bounds it on the west 
to its first principal fork, which is a small tributary with 
two branches lying wholly on the west side of the town. 
Trout Brook flows northeast into Portland Harbor at 
Kiiightville ; and Pond Creek in the northeast enters Fore 
River at Ligonia. There are two ponds, called Great 
and Small Ponds, lying in the southern part of the town. 
The Eastern Railroad, crossing Fore River at Turner's 
Island, passes southwestward through the town, on its way 
from Portland to Saco, Portsmouth, and Boston. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The earliest settlement within Cape Elizabeth, as we have 
elsewhere stated, was on Richmond Island, a place which 
for many years, when there were but few huts on the main- 
land, was the principal harbor, fishing-station, and com- 
mercial port of this coast. Walter Bagnall, called " Great 
AValt," some time in the year 1628, established him.self 
upon the island for the purpose of trading with the Indians. 
Winthrop says, " He lived alone upon the island tliree years, 
and had accumulated £400, mostly in goods, by his trade 
with the Indians, whom he had much wronged." His 
conduct so exasperated tlie natives that they put an end to 
his life, and to that of a companion who seems then to have 
been associated with him, Oct. 3, 1G31, burnt his house 
and plundered his property. Thus ended the first com- 
mercial transactions on the island, but, as we shall see 
farther on, they were soon renewed and carried on by 
another party on a much larger and more respectable scale. 

GRANT TO TRELAWNY AND GOODYEARE. 

The first grant of land in Cape Elizabeth wa.s made by 
the Plymouth Council, Dec. 1, 1G31, to Robert Trelawny 
32 



and Moses Goodyeare, merchants of Plymouth, England. 
The grant comprised the whole of what is now the town of 
Cape Elizabeth, including Richmond Island. The patentees 
appointed John Winter, who was then in this country, their 
principal agent. A copy of the grant was immediately sent 
to him, and on the 21st of July, 1632, he was put in pos- 
session of the tract by Richard Vines, of Saco, one of the 
persons appointed by the grantors for that purpose. 

There were at that time settled upon the territory near 
the mouth of the Spurwink River, George Cleaves and 
Richard Tucker, who had established themselves there in 
1630. They had selected one of the most valuable spots in 
the tract, and claimed to hold against Winter 2000 acres of 
land, with their improvements, of which, however, they 
were forcibly dispossessed. Cleaves, in 1640, when regular 
courts were established by Sir Ferdinando Gorges, brought 
an action of trespass against Winter, to recover damages for 
the removal ; and in his declaration he stated his title as 
follows: "joining himself in partnership with Richard 
Tucker, then of Spurwink, who had also a right of in- 
lieritance there, the which he bought and purchased for a 
valuable consideration of Richard Bradshaw, who was for- 
merlie settled there by Capt. Walter Neale, by virtue of a 
commission to him given by some of the lords patentees, 
and soe as appeareth the said Richard Tucker was lawfully 
possessed of a right of inheritance at and in the said Spur- 
wink. Alsoe, the plaintifi' further declareth that he join- 
ing his right by promise and possession with his partner's 
right by purchase and possession, and soe being account- 
able to his said partner, they both agreed to joync their 
rights together, and there to build, plante, and continue, 
which when the plaintiff had done, and was there settled 
for two years or thereaboutes, this defendant, John Winter, 
came and pretended an interest there, by virtue of a suc- 
ceeding pattent surrupticiouslie obtained, and soe by force 
of arms expelled and thrust away the plaint, from bis 
house, lands, and goods." 

The verdict in this case was as follows : " The jury find 
for the plaint, the house and land inclosed, containing foure 
acres or thercaboute, joyning with the said house, and give 
him eighty pounds for damage, and twelve shillings and six 
pence for the cost of the Courtc." 

It appears from the above statement of Cleaves that 
Richard Bradshaw, from whom Tucker purchased his place 
at Spurwink, must have been the first settler on the main- 
land of Cape Elizabeth, as Walter Bagnall was the first on 
Richmond Island. It is stated that Bradshaw " was settled 
here by Capt. Walter Neale," but the date is not given. 
Walter Neale arrived in this country in the spring of 1630, 
and returned in the summer of 1633. He came out as 
Governor of the company at Piscataqua, now Portsmouth, 

1V3 



250 



niSTORY OF CUMBKRLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



N. H. It must have been before his visit to this country 
that he settled Bradsliaw at Spurwink, sending him out 
from Endand ; for Tueicer, who bought his claim, settled 
here in !(!;!(). 

COMMERCE OK THE ISLAND. 

Joeelyn, in 1G38, says that Winter employed GO men 
in the fishing business. The trade in beaver this year in 
this neighborhood was also very sueccssful ; the government 
of Plymouth Colony procured at their trading-house on the 
Kennebec 20 hogsheads, which was sent to England. 
This was a principal article of commerce in the early settle- 
ment of the country ; it was a sort of circulating medium 
or standard of value among the white people and natives, 
and remittances to the mother-country were made by it. 
About the year 1(J40 the price of it in Casco was from 0' 
to 8 shillings a pound, and it was received in payment for 
commodities and labor. Winter, in 1G40, was complained of 
for trying to keep down the price to 6 shillings. 

In the spring of 1635, a ship of 80 tons and a pinnace 
of 10 tons arrived at Richmond Island. In IGHG, Mr. 
Trelawny alone is mentioned as proprietor of the patent, 
and March 2Gth of that year he committed the full govern- 
ment of the plantation to Mr. Winter, who appears after 
that time to have had an interest of one-tenth in the specu- 
lation, and in addition to his proportion of the profits, he 
was to receive from the general fund " forty pounds per an- 
num in money for his personal care and charge." After 
this time the business of the plantation was pursued with 
great activity until the death of Trelawny, which took 
place in 1G4-1. They employed the ship "Agnes," the 
bark " Richmond," the ships " Hercules" and " Margery," 
and one other, whose name is not mentioned. In 1G38, Mr. 
Trelawny sent a ship of 300 tons to the island, laden with 
wine. This was probably the proceeds of a cargo of fish 
sent to Spain or Portugal. 

The merchandisse sent to the proprietor in England con- 
sisted principally of pipe-staves, beaver, fish, and oil. In 
1 G39, Winter sent in the bark " Richmond" 6000 pipe-staves, 
which were valued here at 8 pounds 8 shillings a thousand. 
Some shipments were made directly from the plantation to 
Spain, and a profitable intercourse seems to have been car- 
ried on for the proprietors a number of years, until it was 
suspended by the death of Trelawny. After that time the 
want of capital, probably, prevented Winter from employ- 
ing ships on his own account, and Trelawny's heir was but 
a child of six or seven years old. The commercial character 
of the plantation declined from that time, and the trade 
gradually sought other channels, until the mouth of the 
Spurwink and Richmond Island became entirely deserted. 
Their mercantile prosperity is now only to be found among 
the perishable and almost perished memorials of a by-gone 
age. 

OPERATIONS OF KOBKKT .lOltDAN. 

Robert Jordan was the principal landed proprietor in 
Cape Elizabeth, and the lands here are chiefly held under 
his grants at this time. His earliest conveyances were to 
Joseph Phippen, Sampson Penley, Robert and Thomas 
Staniford, Ralph Turner, and some others along the north- 
ern part of the town ; but he retained possession of Spur- 



wink and nearly all the southern part, containing the 
marshes and the most valuable land. He was not content 
with the large tract over which his title was undisputed, 
but sought for many years to extend his domain to the 
Presnmpscot River on the north and east. He was thus 
brought into a long controversy with George Cleaves and 
his tenants, who held and occupied the land on the Neck 
and vicinity, which was continued during his life. Jordan 
was a man of enterprise, and by proposing to the inhabi- 
tants of this part of Falmouth that he desired to occupy 
certain portions of the land for the purpose of building 
mills and making other public improvements, alike bene- 
ficial to all, he secured to an appeal which he addressed to 
them June 28, 1658, quite a large number of signatures of 
citizens consenting to allow him to have peaceable posses- 
sion. The names of these persons were Robert Corbin, 
Thomas Grinley, John Sears, Thomas Haines, Francis 
Neale, Michael Mitton, Nathaniel Wallis, Nicholas White, 
William Ryall, Jane Macworth, Thomas Morrice, James 
Andrews, Gyles Roberts, Richard Martin, Sampson Penley, 
and Joseph Phippen. 

The controversy between Cleaves and Jordan was carried 
into the first court which appears to have been held in the 
county after the submission ot Falmouth and Scarborough 
to the authoiity of Massachusetts. This was on the 4th of 
July, 1659. The firet action was brought by Cleaves 
against Jordan for breach of the arbitration bond entered 
into by Cleaves and John Winter in 1640, by which they 
bound themselves in the sum of £1000 to abide the award 
of referees on the subject of the disputed title to lands. 
This action was withdrawn. At the same court Cleaves 
entered another action against Jordan, " for making de- 
mands of certain lands purchased by great sums of money, 
and possessed by order of former grants these twenty-seven 
years." This action called forth proof of the original title, 
and Jordan introduced the certificate of part of the judges 
who tried the action in 1640 between Cleaves and Winter, 
taken soon after that trial, of which the following is an ex- 
tract: "That which Mr. Cleaves and the jury took for 
Casco River to be but a creek into which we saw but one 
little brook to run, but the other which Sir. Trelawny 
takes for Casco River to be the river, it hath its issue out 
of a great pond named Sabadock ; the river is of a reason- 
able depth and breadth, by the relation of the ancient in- 
habitants and natives, ever to have been called Casco River."' 
This is signed by Thomas Gorges, Henry Jocclyn, and 
Richard Vines. Jordan also introduced the deposition of 
Roger Willine, taken Dec. 7, 1658, in which he says that 
" about 21 or 22 years agone he helped to row up the river 
which runneth by Mrs. Jane Macworth's, to ye falls called 
Casco Falls, Mr. Richard Vines, Mr. Arthur Macworth> 
Mr. John Winter, Mr. Henry Abilie, with divers others 
whom he hath forgotten, where he saw Mr. Richard Vines 
deliver unto Mr. John Winter possession of the lands and 
falls there, by turf and twig." On the other hand. Cleaves 
relied on his deeds and possession; but the jury found for 
Jordan. Jordan also recovered judgment against him iu 
an action of debt for £10 10s. 

Cleaves attributed his ill success in the county court to 
the fact that Jordan himself was one of the judges ; he 




W %»^ jl 




MRS.EBEN N.PERRr. 



EBEN N.PERRY. 




Residence OF EBEN N. PERRY, Cape ELi^ABfJH, Me 



TOWN OF CAPE ELIZABETH. 



251 



therefore sought redress hy a petition to the General Court, 
May 24, lOGl. But neither under this petition nor anoti)er, 
presented by him the following year, did he obtain any 
satisfaction. The matter was left in controversy till it was 
finally settled by the grandson of Robert Jordan and the 
" new proprietors" of Falmouth, in 1728. 

During the first Indian war, 17G."), an attack was made 
on the settlement at Spurwink. Mr. Robert Jordan had 
barely time to escape from his house, when it was destroyed 
with all its contents, and he removed to Great Island, now 
New Castle, in the Piscataqua River. He ended his active 
life at Portsmouth, N. II., in 1679, in the sixty-eighth year 
of his age. His will was made at Great Island, January 
28th, and proved July 1, 1G79. He had lost the use of 
his hands before his death, and was unable to sign his will. 
He left a widow, Sarah, the only daughter of John Winter, 
and six sons, viz., John, Robert, Dominicus, Jedediah, 
Samuel, and Jeremiah. In his will he confiimed to his 
sons John and Robert the laud that he had previously con- 
veyed to them, which was situated in Cape Elizabeth. To 
bis son John he conveyed Richmond Island, Jan. 25, 1G77, 
as the administrator of Winter, who had given it to his 
grand.son as a legacy. In his will he bequeathed to his 
wife the old plantation at Spurwink, consisting of 1000 
acres, and lying between the lands of his sons John and 
Dominicus, aud also the Nonsuch farm in Scarborough, con- 
taining 2000 acres. To Dominicus he bequeathed 1000 
acres at Spurwink, adjoining the old plantation ; to Jede- 
diah 1000 acres, and to Samuel 1100 acres, both at Spur- 
wink. 

For more than thirty years Robert Jordan occupied a 
large space in the affairs of the town and the province. 
He was an active, enterprising man, and placed by educa- 
tion above the mass of the people with whom he connected 
himself. Although he came to this county as a minister, 
the engrossing coneerus of business seemed to have turned 
his attention entirely away from that pursuit.* His pos- 
terity for many years exercised very great influence in the 
concerns of the town, aud long maintained a high standing 
in the province. 

John and Robert did not fix their permanent residences 
here; the former married Elizabeth, daughter of Elias 
Stileman, of Portsmouth, in 1677 or 1G78, and Robert 
conveyed to Nathaniel Fryer, of Portsmouth, July 14, 
1G70, the laud in Cape Elizabeth which he received of his 
father. 

Tiie first Dominicus was killed by the Indians in 1703; 
his eldest son, Dominicus, was thirteen years a captive in 
Canada, and ran away. His name frequently occurs in the 
later transactions of the town ; he attained the rank of 
major, and died in 1749, aged sixty-six. His son Domin- 
icus died in 1788, aged seventy-two; the fourth Domin- 
icus was at the tiiue of his death the oldest man iu tiie 
town. 

Dominicus Jordan, third son of Robert Jordan, married 
Hannah, a daughter of Ralph Tristram, of Saco, as early 



* During a period of about tliirty-si.\ years Mr. Jordan offiointed 
onca.sionally in the services of tlio Episcopal Cburcli, until *' silenced'' 
by tlio government of Massachusetts. 



as 1683, and lived at Spurwink. By her he had Domin- 
icus, born in 1G84; Mary Ann, Samuel, Nathaniel, Han- 
nah (married to Joseph Calef, of Boston), and Klizabcth, 
married to Humphrey Scamman, of Saco. Capt. Jordan 
was killed in the war of 1703 by the Indians, and his wife 
and family were carried to Canada. They were all restored 
by Mary Ann, to whom the name of Arabella was given 
by her French masters. She married in Canada, where 
she was living in 17G0, and never returned. The eldest 
son, Doiuinicus, escaped after a residence there of several 
years, and was an active and useful man in the suksequent 
affairs of this part of the country. He was the progenitor 
of a numerous race, part of whom now occupy the ]>aternal 
estate. Nathaniel also established himself on his hered- 
itary estate, which was finally divided among the heirs in 
1754. Samuel and Elizabeth lived in Saco, where their 
posterity still remain and hold respectable rank. 

In April, 1728, Dominicus Jordan rclea.sed, by a contract 
made with the proprietors of the town of Falmouth, all 
the ancient claim of the Jordan family to land on the north 
side of Fore River, about which so long a controversy 
had existed between his grandfather, Robert Jordan, and 
George Cleaves. He entered heartily into the views of the 
" new proprietors," was chosen on the committee to resist 
the claims of the '• old proprietors" before the Legislature, 
and in January, 1730, was selected with John Perry, 
Joshua Woodbury, John East, and Moses Pearson to hear 
the proposals of the ancient proprietors. But a general 
arrangement could not at that time be effected. Warrants 
were obtained by both parties from John Gray, of Bidde- 
ford, in March and April, 1730, to call meetings, the result 
of which was that a " propriety" was established distinct 
from the town, the intercst.s and doings of which were for- 
ever conducted separately, and B'ccordcd iu books kept by 
their own clerk. 

After the country had been desolated by the second In- 
dian war, the progress of resettlement was slow for sev- 
eral years. In 1726, eight persons, several of whom had 
families, purchased a tract of land near Pond Cove, of 
Samuel Jordan. " They bound themselves in writing to 
stand by each other in peace and war, and the first thing 
they did, built a garrison for the good of the whole."! 

FIRST MILL.S IX CAPE ELIZABETH. 

We find in a note to " Smith's Journal," that in 1722 the 
town of Falmouth granted Lawrence Creek, opposite Port- 
land, and 100 acres of land to the men who would under- 
take to set up a corn-mill there. Tiie first grist-mill was 
erected on this creek by Messrs. Sawyer and York, in 
1726. "Smith's Journal," speaking of this, saj's, "They 
finished their grist-mill, wiiicli every way answered their ex- 
pectations." This seems to have been the first mill of the 
kind in the entire settlement about Casco Bay, for the 
Journal adds, " The people before this sent their corn to 
Boston to be ground." The same parties subsequently 
built a saw-mill in the Siime neighborhood. 

In 1749, Cape Elizabeth numbered 150 faroilicti, and 
900 iuhabilauts.| Its population in 1870 was 5106. 

t Smith's Journal. J Ibid. 



252 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. 

Cape Elizabeth, which had foriiieily been the second 
parish of Falmouth, was incorporated as a separate munici- 
pality or district, Nov. 1, 1765. Its charter conferred 
upon it all the rights and immunities of a town, except the 
right of sending a representative to the General Court, for 
which purpose it remained connected with Falmouth till 
the commencement of the Revolution. This restriction was 
in accordiince with the instructions of the king to the gov- 
ernors, forbidding the incorporation of towns with the 
power of .sending representatives, and making new towns, 
and parts of towns set off from old ones, simply districts. 
It is said that the people of Cape Elizabeth intended to 
give to their town the name of Portland, that being the 
earliest English name by which Bang's Island and the 
mainland were known, but at the time the district was set 
off, the government, wiiich usually determined on the 
name, applied the title of the cape to the whole territory. 

The first town- or district-meeting of Cape Elizabeth was 
held at the old parish meeting-house, on the 2d of Decem- 
ber, 17C5. 

Capt. John Robinson, Sr., was chosen Moderator, and 
Mr. Thomas Simonton elected District Clerk ; Thomas 
Maxwell, Capt. Samuel Skillin, and Mr. Jonathan Lovitt 
were chosen Selectmen ; Peter Woodbury, Constable ; 
Joseph Marriner, Clement Jordan, and Joseph Weston, 
Assessors ; and Micah Dyer, Collector, till March ensuing. 
As a subject of curious interest, showing the variety of 
matters which had to be taken care of by the town in those 
early days, we give the list of officers chosen at the March 
meeting for 1766: Thomas Maxwell, Samuel Skillin, and 
Jonathan Lovitt, Selectmen ; Thomas Simonton, District 
Clerk ; Noah Jordan, Constable and Collector ; Peter 
Woodbury, Treasurer ; James Dyer, Clerk of the Market ; 
Joshua Robinson, Peter Woodbury, Andrew Simonton, 
Samuel York, Fence-Viewers and Field-Drivers ; Joseph 
Dingly, Ebenezer Sawyer, Noah Jordan, George Strout, 
Jr., John York, Samuel York, Thomas Fickett, Samuel 
Saw3'er, and Simeon Armstrong, Surveyors of Highways; 
John Fundy, James Leach, Thomas Millet, Jacob Sawyer, 
John Armstrong, and Nathaniel Jordan, H og- Reeves ; 
Samuel Skillin, James Dyer, Stephen Randall, and James 
Leach, Sealers of Wood and Surveyors of Lumber ; Joseph 
Cobb, Jr., Walter Simonton, and George Fundy, Cullers of 
Fish ; Peter Woodbury and Ebenezer Sawyer, Sealers of 
Leather ; Samuel Jordan and Nathaniel Skillin, Deer- 
Reeves; George Strout, Jr., and Joseph Weston, Wardens ; 
Jacob Sawyer and Jeremiah Jordan, Tything-Men ; James 
Dyer, Measurer of Corn ; Job Sawyer, Pound-Keeper ; 
Nathaniel Skillin and Capt. Nathaniel Jordan, Cullers of 
Hoops and Staves. 

This town-meeting was held on Tuesday, March 18, 
1766. The selectmen from that time to the present (1879) 
have been as follows : 

CIVIL LIST. 

SELECTMEN. 
1766-68. — Jonathan Lovitt, fc^amuel Skillin, Thomas Maxwell.* 
1769. — Clement .lordan, Joseph Cobb, Jr., Samuel Skillin. 

* In 1767 the selectmen were also assessor.", and fur the most part 
have continued to act in that capacity ever since. 



1770. — Clement Jordan, John York, Jonathan Lovitt. 
1771. — Joseph Marriner, James Dyer, fieorge Strout, Jr. 
1772.— Ji.nulhun Lovitt, Joseph Sawyer, Patrick Maxwell. 
1773.— Samuel Skillin, Jonathan Lovitt, Daviil Strout. 
1774.— David Strout, Clement Jordan, Samuel Skillin. 
1775. — Samuel Skillin, David Strout, Joseph Marriner. 
1776, — Joseph Cobb, David Strout, Benjamin Jordan. 
1777-78. — Benjamin Jordan, Joseph Cobb, James Dyer. 
1779. — Clement .Jordan, George Strout, Oeorge Deake. 
1780-81.— Nathaniel Staples, Stephen Randall, David Strout. 
1782-86. — Benjamin Jordan, Stephen Kandall, Barzillai Delano. 
1787. — George Deake, Joshua Dyer, Barzillai Delano. 
1788-89.— Benjamin Jordan, Barzillai Delano, Joshua Dyer. 
1790.— .Matthew Simonton. Nathaniel Dyer, Barzillai Delano. 
1791-92. — Ezekiel Jordan, James Leach, Barzillai Delano. 
1793.— Timothy Jordan, Samuel Calef, Ezekiel Jord;in. 
1794-95.— Ezekiel Jordan, Joshua Dyer, Barzillai Delano. 
]79l)-97.— Mark Dyer, Ezekiel Jordan, John Mars. 
1798.— Jacob Waterhouse, Ezekiel Jordan, Robert Dyer. 
1799.— Ezekiel Jordan, Robert Dyer, Mark Dyer. 
1800. — George Deake, Samuel Dunn, Seecomb Jordan. 
1801.- Ezekiel Jordan, Elisha Jordan, Zebulon Trickey. 
1802.— Ezekiel Jordan, .Mark Dyer, Zebulon Trickey. 
1803.— Morell Jordan, Lemuel Cobb, Zebulon Trickey. 
1S04-6.— Ezekiel Jordan, Mark Dyer, John Goold. 
ISO". — Daniel Skillin, Mark Dyer, Jacob AVaterhouse. 
1808.— Daniel Skillin, William Cobb, Jacob Waterhouse. 
1809.— Mark Dyer, Ebenezer Thrasher, Zebulon Trickey. 
1810. — Nathaniel Dyer, Ebenezer Thrasher, Samuel Dunn. 
lSll-13. — Ebenezer Thrasher, Nathaniel Dyer, William Cummings, 
1814-15. — William Cummings, Lemuel Cobb, Ebenezer Thrasher. 
1816. — Ebenezer Thrasher, Lemuel Cobb, Ephriiim Broad. 
1817-18. — William Cuuiming.«, Ebenezer Thrasher, Lemuel Cobb. 
1819. — Ebenezer Thrasher, William Cummings, James Dyer. 
1820. — Ebenezer Thrasher, John Armstrong, James Dyer. 
1821. — Woodbury Jordan, John Armstrong. James Dyer. 
1822. — Lemuel Cobb, .Tames Dyer, William Cummings. 
1823. — Charles Staples, John Armstrong, Micah Higgins. 
1824.— Lemuel Cobb, Charles Staples, John Armstrong. 
1825-26. — Micah Higgins, .John Armstrong, William Cummings. 
1827. — Micah Higgins, Woodbury Jordan, William Cummings. 
1828. — Charles Staples, William Cummings, Woodbury Jordan. 
1829.- William Cummings, Charles Staples, Micah Higgins. 
1830-31.— Charles Staples, Nathaniel Dyer, William Cummings. 
1832.— Charles Staples, Charles Hannaford, Randall Skillin. 
1833-37.- Elliott Jordan, Charles Hannaford, Randall Skillin. 
1838-40.— Charles Hannaford, Hiram Staples, Randall Skillin. 
1841.— Aaron Bedell, Randall Skillin, Hiram Staples. 
1842.— Ebenezer Thrasher, Aaron Bedell, Randall Skillin. 
1843. — Randall Skillin, Reuben Higgins, Thomas Hannaford. 
1844.— Thomas Hannaford, James Trickey, Hiram Staples. 
1845.— Reuben Higgins, James Triekey, Elliott Wescott. 
]846— 17. — Thomas Hannaford, Dennis M. Skillin, Ebenezer Jordain. 
1S4S.— Thomns Hannaford, Reuben Higgins, Milton Dyer. 
1849.— Elliott Wescott, Reuben Higgins, Milton Dyer. 
1850.- Elliott Wescott, James M. Robinson, Alfred Dyer. 
1851. — Stephen Hul)bard, James M. Robinson, Alfred Dyer. 
1852. — Charles Hannaford, Stephen Hubbard, James M. Robinson, 
185.5-54. — James Trickey, Alfred Dyer, Andrew W. I'eabbles. 
1855.— James Tiiekey, Thomas E. Knight, Charles Barrell. 
1856. — Benjamin W. I'ickctt, Thomas.E. Knight, Woodbury Dyer. 
1857. — James Triekey, Woodbury Dyer, Thomas E. Knight. 
1858. — James M. Robinson, Dennis M. Skillin, Daniel Pillsbury. 
1859. — James Trickey, Samuel Haskell, Andrew W. Peabbles. 
1860. — James Trickey, Benjamin W. I'iokett, Andrew W. Peabblee. 
1861.— Dennis M. Skillin, David A. Sawyer, William R. Dyer. 
1862.— Dennis M. Skillin, David W. Kincaid, Charles E. Jordan. 
1863. — James Trickey, George W. Libby, Charles Peabbles. 
1864. — James M. Robinson, George F. Henley, Cyrus Cole. 
1865-66. — James M. Robinson, George F. Henley, Henry S. Jackson. 
1807. — George F. Henley, Henry S. Jackson, Clement E. Staples. 
1868. — James Trickey, George W. Libby, Michael Peabbles. 
1869-71. — James Tiickey, Joseph S. Fickett, Charles A. Tilton. 
1872.— Charles A. Tilton, Thomas B. Haskell, Michael J. Peabbles. 
187.'?.- Nathan R. Dyer, Thomas B. Haskell, Elisha N. Jordan. 




I'huto. Iiy HiMicKi-, Au^'iislii. 




^-7^^/^' 



The Trickey family i.s among the oldost and first 
settlers of York Co., Me., and tlie ancestors of tlie 
subject of tliis narrative are traced to the early settle- 
ment of what is now the town of Kittery, in that 
county. The occupation of past generations has l)een 
agriculturists, lumbermen, and ship-builders. 

Capt. Zebulon Trickey, his great-grandfather, 
removed from Kittery and settled in the town of Deer- 
ing (now Falmouth), Cumberland Co., in 1735. He 
had two sous, — Zebulon and David, the former of 
whom settled on the farm now owned and occuipied 
by his grandchildren. Zebulon's children are 
Eleanor, Rebecca, Mary, Zebulon, John, Lucy and 
Susannah (twins), and Eunice. The eldest son, Zeb- 
ulon, father of the subject of this narrative, was 
born Feb. 7, 1767; married J.ucy Skillin, Dec. 15, 
1799. She was born in the town of Cape Elizabeth, 
Jan. 29, 1779. Their children were Rebecca, born 
Feb. 1 5, 1801 , died at the age of three years ; Samuel, 
born May 20, 180.}; John, born Jan. 17, 180G ; 
James, born April 12, 1809; Edward, born May 
IG, 1814; Robert, born March 29, 1818; and Lucy, 
born Sept. 15, 1824. Tlie father died Aug. 23, 
1847; the mother died March 28, 1863. Of the 
children, all reside upon the old homestead except 
Edward, who is married and resides in Westbrook. 



"^^^^^6^ 
^ 



James Trickey receivwl little education from books 
during his early life, but le:irned those lessons of self- 
reliance, economy, and industry, whicii many years 
ago laid the foundation for liis present pleasant sur- 
roundings and opulence. His sound judgment, in- 
tegrity in all his business relations, and correct habits 
in early manhood won the confidence of his fellow- 
townsmen, and at the age of thirty-five, in the year 
1844, he was chosen one of the selectmen of his 
town, which position he held for many yeare ; and 
\vas also treasurer of the town for four years, and 
for two years its collector. 

In 1846 he representetl his Assembly district in 
the State Legislature, and again in 1856 he was 
honore<l with that position. After a respite of nine- 
teen yeai*s he was elected a member of the State 
Legislature in the year 1875, and was re-elected in 
1876. 

Mr. Trickey is an unswerving member of the 
Democratic party, and continues to support the prin- 
ciples which, in the earlier history of the Republic, 
his father and grandfather advocatiHl. 

The Trickey brothers are among the most careful 
business men of the town in which they live, and 
their ability as such has given them a placr among 
the careful financiers of the da v. 



TOWN OF CAPE ELIZABETH. 



253 



1874.— Thomas B. Haskell, Frederick Hatch, Elisba N. Jordan. 
1875.— Thomas B. Haskell, Frederick Hatch, Nathan R. Dyer. 
1S7B-77.— Thomas li. Haskell, Elisha N. .Jordan, Stephen Scamman. 
1878.— Thomas B. Haskell, Stephen Scammnn, Kchvard F. Hill. 
1879— Thomas B. Haskell, Stephen , Scamman, Nathaniel Djcr. 

TOWN CLEKKS. 
Tho«. Simonlon, 1765-71 ; David Sirout, 1771-Sfi; Ehenezor Sawyer, 
1781-97; Timothy Small, 1797-1813; John Emery, 1813-23; 
Woodhury Jordan, 1823-2-1; James Dyer, 1824-42; Thomas 
Hannaford, 1842-44; James M. Robinson, 1844-47; Thomas 
Hannaford, 1847-53; Enos H. Dyer, 1853-54: John Fickctt, 
1854-59; Alfred Dyer, 1859-61; Joseph S. Fickelt, 1861-63; 
Alfred Dyer, 186.3-64; Joseph S. Fickett, 1864-65; Edward F. 
Flint, 1865-67; Henry H.Osgood, 1867-68; Charles A. Tilton, 
1868-70; E. B. Prince, 1870-71; B. F. Pritchard, 1871-72; 
George Fickett, 1872-77; John F. Cole, 1877-79; Elisha N. 
Jordan, 1879. 

TOWN TREASURERS. 

Peter M'oodbur.v, 1765-74 ; Henry Dyer, 1774-76 ; John Fickett, 1776 
-82; Ebenezer Sawyer, 1782-97; Ebenezer Thrasher, 1797-1806; 
Timothy Small, 1806-12; Mark Dyer, 1812-13; John Emery, 
1813-23; Woodbury Jordan, 182.1-24; James Dyer, 1824-42; 
Thomas Hannaford, 1842-44; James M. Robinson, 1844-47; 
TLomas Hannaford, 1847-53; Enos H. Dyer, 1853-54; John 
Fickett, 1854-59; Thomas E. Knight, 1859-61 ; Joseph S. Fickett, 
1861-63; Alfred Dyer, 1863-64; Eben N. Perry, 1864-65; Joseph 
S. Fickett, 1865-67; James M. Robinson, 1867-68; Thomas E. 
Knight, 1868-69; Edward F.Hill, 1869-70; Elisha N.Jordan, 
1870-72; James Trickcy, 1872-77; Charles A. Tilton, 1877-79. 

COLLECTORS OF TAXES.* 

Noah Jordan, 1760; Robert Mitchell, 1767; Jeremiah Jordan, 1768- 
69; Samuel Skillin, 1770; Daniel Sirout, 1771; John Arm- 
strong, 1772; Charles Pcabbles, John Armstrong, 1773; Andrew 
Simonton, 1774; George Strout, Jr., 1775 ; Barzillai Delano, 1776; 
George Strout, 1777; Jonathan Mitchell, George Strout, 1778-79; 
John Woodbury, 1780; Ephraim Robards, 1781; Timothy Jor- 
dan, 1782; Ephraim Robards, 1783; Tristram Jordan, 1784-85; 
Joshua Dyer, 1780; Noah Jordan, Jr., 1787 ; Matthew Simonton, 
1788; Ebenezer Thrasher, 1789; Nathaniel Dyer, 1790; Jonathan 
McKinney, 1791; Noah Jordan, Jr., 1792; Dominicus Jordan, 
1793; Noah Jordan, Jr., 1794-95; John Skillin, 1795; George 
Deake, 1796; Caleb Dyer, 1797 ; Robert Ma.\well, 1798 ; Zebulon 
Trickey, 1799-1800; Samuel Dunn, lSOl-4; Zebulon Trickcy, 
1804; David Sawyer, 1805; Morell Jordan, 1806; Micah Big- 
gins, 1807-8; Ezckiel Dyer, 1803-15; Micnh Higgins, 1815-23; 
Woodbury Jordan, 1823-28 ; Joseph Wescott, 1828 ; Jonah Dyer, 
1829-32; Joseph Wescott, 1832; Richard Jordiin, 1833; Charles 
Hannaford, 1834; Woodbury Jordan, 1835-39; Joseph Wescott, 
1839; DennisM. Skillin, 1840-42; Samuel Trickey, 1842; Chas. 
Hannaford, 1843; Joseph Wescott, 1844; Edward Trickey, 
1845-48; James M. Robinson, 1848; Henry Bodge, 1849-50; 
Seth Higgins, 1851-55; Ezekicl Wescott, 1855; Seth Higgins, 
1856; Samuel Barrell, 1857; A. P. Hillman, 1858; Thomas E. 
Knight, 1859-61; Eben N. Perry, 1861-65; Joseph S. Fickett, 
1865-67; James M. Robinson, 1867; Edward F. Hill, 1868-70; 
Elisha N. Jordan, 1870-72; James Trickey, 1S72-74; Lorenzo 
Reynolds, 1874-78; George Fickctt, 1878-79. 

REVOLUTIONARY MATTERS. 
We find in the old records of Cape Elizabeth a complete 
copy of tlie Declaration of Independence, made shortly 
after its adoption, in pursuance of the following order by 
Continental Congress, in council July 17, 1776: 

" Ofdereff, That the Declaration of Independence be printed, and 
a Copy sent to tho ministers of each parish of every denomination 
within this StAte; and that they severally bo required to read tho 
same to the respective Congregations as soon as divine service is 
ended in the afternoon, on the first Lord's day after they receive it; 



* Qenerally associated with the offioo of Constable. 



and after such publication thereof, to deliver the said Declaration to 
the Clerks of their several Towns or Districts, who are hereby required 
to record the siime in their respective town or Di^trict books, there to 
remain a perpetual memorial thereof." 

Mr. Duvid Strout, who was town clerk in 1776, recorded 
the Declaration according to the above order, in a plain, 
clear hand, giving especial prominence to the words : 

" And for the SUPPORT of this DECLARATION, with a firm re- 
liance in the PROTECTION of DIVINE PPOVIDENCE, we mutu- 
ally pledge our LIVES, our FORTUNES, and our SACRED HONOR. 
"Signed by onnER and in Beuai-f of the Congress. 

"JOHN HANCOCK, y/e./rfenf, 
"Attest, " Chahles Tiiomi'sox, Secretary." 

March 17, 1777, Peter Woodbury, Stephen Randall, 
John Woodbury, Ebenezer Newell, and George Deake were 
appointed the town committee on correspondence, inspection, 
and safety. 

On the 5th of November, 1777, — 

" Vole'l, That this Town will comply with the Act of the General 
Court, directing towns to make effcclual provision for the families of 
such non-commissioned ofiicers and privates in their respective towns 
as have engaged in the Continental .Service." 

In pursuance of this vote, John Armstrong, Joshua Jor- 
dan, John Fickett, George Strout, and Matthew Simonton 
were appointed a " committee to supply said families accord- 
ing to said resolve." 

In town-meeting Feb. 11, 1778, the inhabitants 

" V'ltecf, that this Town fully and cheerfully agree to the Articles 
of Confederation and Perpetual Union agreed on by the Honorable 
Congress of the United Slates of America." 

The town voted a tax to support the war, and 
" Ordered, That the Committee to supply Families, draw as niach 
money out c»f the Town Treasury as they shall think proper to supply 
said families with necessaries, agreeable to said resolve, until next 
March meeting." 

Feb. 12, 1781,— 

" Vnled, That this Town will give one hundred and sixty hard 
doUars bounty, and ten dollars per month to the soldiers that shall 
enlist to recruit the army." 

CHURCHES. 
FIRST CHCRCII IN CAPE ELIZABETH. f 

The whole town of Falmouth remained one parish until 
1733, when, by mutual consent, the people residing on 
the south side of Fore River were incorporated as a dis- 
tinct parish by act of the General Court. The dividing 
line of the parishes parsed up Fore River to a point half a 
mile south of Stroudwater River, and thence extended due 
west to the line of Scarborough ; in other words, it cor- 
responded with the boundary of what was afterwards made 
the town of Cape Elizabeth. 

The members of the First Church dismissed to form the 
Second were John Armstrong, William Jameson, Robert 
Means, Robert Thorndyke, and Jonathan Cobb. On the 
18th of September, 1733, the new parish held a meeting, 
at which they voted to build a meeting-house, and chose 
Rev. Benjamin Allen to be their minister. Mr. Allen ac- 
cepted their invitation and was in.'^talled Nov. 10, 1734. 

The meetinghouse, which occupied the site of the pres- 
ent Congregational church of Cape Elizabeth, Wiis erected 



t Originally Second Parish in Falmoath. 



254 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



in piirsiianco of the above vote, its frame beinp; constructed 
of white-oak timber cut upon the ground. This meeting- 
house was afterwards enlarged by adding a piece of about 
fifteen feet to its width. Tliis alteration left the pulpit 
in the middle of the floor, with galleries and pews behind 
it, in which form it was allowed to remain till 1801. 

In 17.?t) some excitement prevailed in town on the sub- 
ject of Presbyterianisin, particularly in the Purpooduek 
parish. The Irish emigrants were all of that persuasion, 
and, although they were too few to support a separate 
establishineiil, they were enough to produce a sensation in a 
small parish. Elder Armstrong had continued a member 
of Mr. Smith's church until he was dismissed for the forma- 
tion of a new church at Purpooduek ; but he probably 
never relinquished the prejudices of his early education in 
favor of those peculiarities which his countrymen brought 
with them. At that early period this class of sectarians 
was numerous in this State, and controversies existed on the 
subject, which, now that the order is extinct among us, can 
hardly be imagined. In May, 1736, the neighboring min- 
isters had a meeting at Purpooduek on the .subject, but what 
was its result we have no means of ascertaining. In No- 
vember the Ilev. William McClanethan, a staunch Pres- 
byterian from the north of Ireland, was installed at Pur- 
pooduek ; but the people were unable to support him, and 
his labors among them were soon discontinued. He had 
been employed as a preacher to a large society in George- 
town in 1734, and was again hired there for a year in 1742. 
At another time he preached and kept school in Bruns- 
wick ; but what finally became of him we do not know. 
On the death of Mr. Allen, in 1754, new troubles occurred 
in that society in supplying his place. Eleazer Holyoke, 
who graduated at Harvard College in 1 750, preached there on 
probation ; the church by a majority of one, and the society 
by a majority of two votes, invited him to be their pastor. 
But he not being militant enough to accept the call, Wil- 
liam Wentworth and a number of others petitioned the Gen- 
eral Court for a division of the parish, which was unsuc- 
cessful, and " the parish was in a sad situation, dismally 
divided and quarreling." In the midst of this confusion 
the Ilev. Ephraim Clark came among them to preach, and 
so great was the interest taken in the neighboring parish 
that many persons went from Portland to hear him. He 
had lately been dismissed from the pastoral care of a church 
in Boston. Notwhhstanding a very powerful opposition, 
he was invited to .settle there and accepted the call ; but 
the objections to him were urged so strongly that the coun- 
cil first called did not think proper to recommend him for 
installation. A new council, representing fifteen churches, 
was then summoned, which met in July, and which, after 
three days of "close, hot work," as Mr. Smith says, arrived 
at the same conclusion by a vote of 23 to 18 " and two 
neuters." Nevertheless, Mr. Clark commenced to preach. 
The oppo.sition sought to ruin his reputation, and entered 
complaint against him for alleged lying. Ilev. Mr. Smith 
entered in his journal, Aug. 14, 1755, "Our justices are 
at work contriving to take Mr. Clark in hand." And again, 
on the 18th, "Things are in a sad toss about Mr. Clark." 
He was tried by a jury, which acquitted him. The trial 
was one of great interest, and " thou-sauds of jieople were 



present." His friends stood by him, and, after repeated 
failures, finally succeeded in procuring an installing com- 
mittee. The ceremony was performed " in Mr. Simonton's 
orchard, at Purpooduek, May 21, 1756." The opposition 
on the part of some became so virulent that it was even sup- 
posed an attempt had been made to get rid of Mr. Clark by 
poison. June 17, 1756, Mr. Smith wrote, "A terrible up- 
roar about Mr. Clark's being poisoned by Mr. Lovit." 
Twenty-four members of the parish, refusing to pay their 
rates, were committed to jail, and the neighboring minis- 
ters held a private fast. For a long time contention reigned, 
but it at length subsided and left the minister strongly in- 
trenched in his parish. The folly and absurdity of such 
opposition are shown by the fact that the leader of it, Col. 
Cushing, who had, in consequence, withdrawn from the 
parish, petitioned the General Court just prior to his death, 
in 1765, to be restored to it again, and sat quietly down 
under the preaching of the man he had so bitterly perse- 
cuted. Mr. Clark died Dec. 11, 1797, without issue, 
leaving behind him a reputation for piety and sincerity. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH, FERRY VILLAGE.* 

There was no organized Methodism in Cape Elizabeth 
till 1830, though occasional meetings had been held by sev- 
eral preachers from Scarboro', Portland, and other places. 
In the spring of 1839, Rev. Jesse Stone, who is still living, 
vras appointed to Cape Elizabeth. During the winter ho 
held meetings at the " Point," about one mile from the 
Ferry, and organized a small society. The year following, 
Mr. Stone continued his labors in Cape Elizabeth, dividing 
his services between Point village. Brown's Hill, and the 
" Cape," now called Bowery Beach. In the fitll of 1840 a 
church was built at Point village. 

In 1841, Rev. G. D. Sirout was appointed to the charges, 
dividing his labors between the places above named, and 
was returned to the same field in 1842. In 1843, J. L. 
Frazier was the pastor; in 1844, E. K. Colby; and in 
1845 he was reappointed, and preached at the Point all 
the time. In 1846, C. C. Covel was pastor at the Point, 
the people at the Ferry generally attending. In 1847, E. 
F. Blake; in 1848, S. S. Cummings; in 1849-50, J. W. 
Atkins; in 1851-52, U. Rideout. 

Towards the close of his first year, the society at Forty 
village commenced building the church, in which worship 
is now held. 

Dr. E. Clarke gave them land, which was sold for $300, 
and Mr. Cahoon gave them the two lots on which the 
church stands, and the church was completed, free of debt, 
the following year, and dedicated Jan. 25, 1853, by Rev. 
W. F. Farington. 

In 1853, Rev. A. P. llillman was pastor, and the meet- 
ings for public worship were from that time held in the 
new church at Ferry village. 

In 1854, Mr. Hillman was re-appointed to Ferry village, 
holding occasional service in the evening in the old church 
at Point village. 

In 1855-56, Rev. John Rice was pastor of Ferry vil- 
lage Church, and during the first year of his ministry the 

* Furnished liv Rev. S. F. Wclherbcc. 



TOWN OF CAPE ELIZABETH. 



255 



old church at the Puint was acciilcntally burned to the 
ground. 

In 1857-58, Asa Green was pastor; in 1859-CO, Chas. 
Andrews; in 18G1, S. R. Bailey; in 18G2-C3, B. Free- 
man. During the ministry of the latter the church was 
repaired, and enlarged by the addition of 32 new pews, 
which were sold for enough to pay all the expenses. 

In 1864-65, E. Robinson was pastor ; in 1866, Thomas 
Powers, a local preacher, supplied the pulpit; in 1867, U. 
Rideout was pastor, but died during the year; in 1868, 
0. H. Stevens; in 1869, John Collins; in 1870, W. H. 
Foster; 1871-73, Benjamin Freeman; 1874-76, J. M. 
Woodbury. During the pastorate of Mr. Woodbury the 
vestry and parsonage was built, leaving an indebtedness on 
the society, secured by mortgage. 

In 1877, G. W. Barbour was pastor, and in 1878-79, 
S. F. Wethevbee, who still has charge of the society. Soon 
after he became pastor he secured a subscription sufficient 
to thoroughly paint and repair the church, and it is now 
an ornament to the village, and the society is in a flourish- 
ing condition. 

BOWEllY BE.\CH METHODIST EPISCOP.\L CHUllCH. 

In 1839, Rev. Jesse Stone was appointed to Cape Eliza- 
beth circuit, and so divided his labors as to preach occa- 
sionally at Bowery Beach, then called the '• Pitch of the 
Cape."- 

In 1840 he was re-appointed to tlie Cape, and gave one- 
half of his labors to Bowery Beach. 

This w.as the first pastoral service ever given to that 
neighborhood. 

In 1841-42, Rev. G. D. Strout* was appointed to the 
charge, and he preached alternately at Brown's Hill (now 
called Cape Elizabeth Depot) and Bowery Beach. This 
was the first regular preaching at Brown Hill. Ferry vil- 
lage and the Point were set off and constituted another 
circuit. 

Bowery Beach and Brown's Hill was supplied from year 
to year, as follows : 

1843, John Frazier* ; 1844-45, E. K. Colby ; 1846, C. 

C. Covil; 1847, J. Rice; 1848, S. S. Camming.^; 1849- 
50, J. Cobb; 1852, L. B. Knight; 1853-54, A. P. Hill- 
man; 1855, J. Rice; 1856-57, B. Luffkin. 

The charge was then divided, and the successive 
preachers were, viz. : 

Bowery Beach : 1858-59, A. R. Sylvester ;t I860, J. 
Gibson; 1861, S. Payne; 1862-63, R. C. Bailey;* 1864, 

D. D. Speer; 1865, George Hoit ; 1866, supplied by a 
local preacher; 1867, E. H. McKenney; 1868, supplied 
by a local preacher ; 1869, S. V. Gerry ; 1870-71, J. Fair- 
banks;* 1872-75, supplied by local preachers ; 1876-77, 
J. Budden ; 1878, B. F. Pease; 1879, A. Cook. 

Brown Hill preachers : 1858-59, C. W. Blackman ; 1860, 
John Rice; 1861-62, U. Rideout;* 1863, S. Ranks; 
1864-65, G. W. Barbour; 1866-68, F. F. Ayer;^ 1869 

* The preachers thus marked are dead. 

■f During these two years a fine church was huilt and dedicated by 
Rev. W. F. FarringtoD, viz., 1S58-59. 

J During these three years the present fine church was built, and the 
name changed to Cape Elizabeth Depot. 



-70, K. Atkin.son ; 1871-72, C. C. Mason (new parsonage 
built); 1873-74, D. R. Randall; 1875-70, J. Collins; 
1877-78, T. P. Adams; 1879, W. J. Murphy. 

SCHOOLS. 

The whole number of school districts in the town is 14, 
containing provisions for the education of 1843 scholars. 
Nos. 5, 6, 11, 12, and 13 arc graded schools. No. 5 being 
divided into grammar, intermediate, first primary, and 
second primary; Nos. 6, 11, and 13 being divided into one 
grammar and one primary department each. Thus there 
are 5 grammar schools, 1 intermediate, (> primaries, and 4 
mixed schools, beside the high school or District No. 14, in 
which the higher branches and a course preparatory for col- 
lege is pursued. 

The whole number of pupils registered in all the schools 
is as follows: spring, 1119; average attendance, 975; fall, 
1129; average attendance, 1006; winter, 1141; average 
attendance, 967. The pupils in the high school were for 
the spring term 100, with an average attendance of 92; 
fall terra, 87 ; average attendance, 82 ; winter term, 89 ; 
average attendance, 80. The following is the school fund 
of the town for the year ending Feb. 1, 1879 : 

DISTRICT SCI.'OOI. Fl'ND. 

Town appropriation JlinO.OO 

Rec'.ived Irom Stale (bank ta.\) I21».:iu 

' (mill ta.\) VJiSM 

Ti,t;il S7268.69 

Per schohir 3.94 

HIGH SCHOOL FUND. 

Appropriated by town §900.00 

Received from State 500.00 

Received from tuition fi.OO 

Total $U06.00 

Less overdrawn, 1878 92.35 

Net ami.nnt $l.iI.'i.B5 

Amount expended 920.83 

Estimated cost of winter term 435.50 

The .schools of the town are all reported in a prosperous 
condition. The following respecting the high school we 
take from the last report of the committee on public schools : 

"We have been fortunate in keeping Mr. I). W. Hawkes as princi- 
pal. Miss H. M. Ilawkes left us at the eml of lust year for higher 
wages and a smaller school, in Deering. Wo employed Miss Annie 
Nichols, of Searsport. as assistant, who has filled the position with 
thoroughness and efficiency. We believe this school has fully main- 
tained its high rank for decorum and scholarship. It is an honor'to 
the town, and is doing for our youth a |irecious work which cannot be 
estimated in silver and gold. During the spring lenn we procured a 
fine organ for the use of the school at a net cost of $120, paying down 
S25; the balance was to be paid in installments at our convenience. 
Twenty-five dollars additional have been paid by the high school 
scholars, leaving a balance still duo of $70. Probably another pay- 
ment will be made before the end of this term. 

" Appleton's New American Cyclopedia has been purchased by the 
school— a very valuable acquisition— at the very moderate price of 
$25. The larger part of this was raised by subscription by th« 
scholars. It is hoped to raise the balance before the close of the cur- 
rent year. 

" A glance at the high school table will give an idea of the work 
done. 

•• It is to be understood that the second classes in arithmetic and 
English analysis in the spring term, and the classes in the same dur- 
ing the current term, are in review. By comparison with last year it 



256 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



will be seen that the school is steadily advancing, especially in the 
direction of the higher English studies." 

The town-house, the second story of which is devoted to 
the high school, is a substantial three-story brick building, 
with a foundation of granite, and surmounted by a tower 
and bell. It was erected by the town in 1874, at a cost of 
over $12,000. The first floor contains the town-hall and 
offices, a fire-proof vault and every convenience for the trans- 
action of business, and there is a Masonic hall in the third 
story. 

Commillee. — J. W. Lowell, Chairman, E. A. Harlow, 
E. C. Reynolds. 

POOR-HOUSE AND FARM. 

For the care of the poor the town owns a farm and build- 
ings valued at $7500. The additional property on the farm 
is estimated at $1832.80. The amount expended for out 
supplies, and for consumption on the farm during the year 
ending Feb. 1, 1879, was $4410.61. 

FINANCIAL. 

The following is an account of the receipts and expendi- 
tures of the town of Cape Elizabeth for the year ending 
Feb. 1, 1879: 

TAXES ASSESSED 1878. 

For State ta.^ $7,149.39 

County tax 2,642.58 

Schools $4100 

Roads and bridges 4000 

Town charges .SOOO 

Support of poor 2500 

Interest on town debt 4SS0 

Collectors' commissions 600 

Discount on taxes 91)0 

Winter and spring bills .'>00 

Reduction of town debt 3000 

Free high school 900 

Painting almshouse 150 

David Uriffin suit 500 

Cape Elizabeth Diking Co 200 

$25,230.00 

$.•55,021.97 

Overlays 1,343.63 

Supplemental tax 171.54 

$36,537.14 

VALUATION, 1878. 

Real and personal estates $1,773,991 

Supplementary valuation 4,445 

Total $1,778,436 

Number of polls, 1145. 

Rate of taxation, $1.86 on $100. 

ASSETS OF THE TOWN, 1878. 

Town-farm and buildings $7,500,00 

Town-house and lot 15,000.00 

Stock and personal property on 

farm 1,832.80 

Gravel bank 2,500.00 

Seven acres woodland 100.00 

Ferry landing 5,U01I.U0 

High school furniture 6110.00 

Office furniture 100.00 

Town-hall furniture 400.00 

Police station and lot 690.00 

Police station furniture 25.00 

$33,747.80 

Balance L. D. Reynolds' tax 

bills, 1877 $8,753.74 

Balance Geo. Ficketl'a tax bills, 

1878 8,866.89 

Tax deeds held by treasurer 469.89 

Tax deeds held by selectmen.... 1,200.00 



Due from abutters on C and E 

Street sewers 46.47 

Duo from Portland 177.32 

Due from Biddeford 51.85 

Due from Yarmouth 6.00 



$19,572.16 
$53,319.96 
TOWN LIABILITIES, 1878. 

Town bonds issued 1863, due 1883 $25,900.00 

" 1864, due 1S84 16,800.00 

" " " 1865, due 1885 9,750.00 

" " " 1871, due 1881 4,100.00 

" " " 1872, due 1887 5,000.00 

" " " 1874, due 1889 12,000.00 

Town notes, Nos. 4 and 5, issued 1878, due 

1879, for police station 600.00 

Outstanding t.iwn orders 9,003..36 

Balance due school districts 2,962.54 

$86,115.90 
EXPENDITURES, 1878. 

For schools $6,322.83 

Town charges 3,128.83 

Winter and spring hills, 1877 and 1878 630.70 

Summer bills, roads, and bri'lges 4,131.70 

Poor bills (out supplies) 1,971.03 

Poor bills (farm) 1,371.32 

Interest on town debt 4,724.25 

Abatements 1,887.71 

Free high school 1,013.18 

Collectors' commissions 656.93 

Discount on taxes 877.40 

Reduction on town debt 4,999.00 

Note, David Griffin suit 500.00 

$32,214.90 



APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1878. 

Balance due the several school districts, 1877. 

Appropriations for schools, 1878 

State school fund 

State mill tax 

Roads and bridges 

Support of poor 

Town charges 

Interest on town debt 

Collectors' commission 

Discount on taxes 

Winter and spring bills, 1877-78 

Reduction of town debt 

Free high school 

Painting almshouse 

David Griffin suit 

Cape Elizabeth Diking Co 

Overlays and additions 



$1,478.22 

4,100.00 

1,022.75 

1,953.39 

4.000.00 

2,500.00 

3,000.00 

4,880.00 

600 00 

900.00 

500.00 

3,000.00 

900.00 

150.00 

500.00 

200.00 

1,515.17 

$31,199.53 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



EBEN N. PERRY 

was born in the town of Porter, Oxford Co., Me., June 3, 
1832. His great-grandfather came to America from France 
in 1740, and settled in York County. Allen Peirrie, hia 
son, was born in Shapleigh, York Co., in 1750, and moved 
to Parsonfield, same county, in 1775. Stephen {Peare), 
his son, was born in Parsonfield, in 1778, and married 
Martha Beacliam in 1798. She was a daughter of Richard 
Beachara, the son of Lord Bcaeham, of England. Stephen 
Perry, grandfather of Eben N., was the first settler of the 
family in the town of Porter. His father, James R. 
(Peary), born in Parsonfield, April 2, 1801, married, Oct 
3, 1823, Almira, daughter of Charles Nutter, of Porter. 
She was born Feb. 15, 1808. His parents moved to Porter 
in 1821, and removed to Biddeford in 1842. Eben N. 
received a good business education during his minority. 



TOWN OF CAPE ELIZABETH. 



257 



He married, Oct. 5, 1851, Harriet M., daughter of Deacon 
William and Apha (Harmon) Libby, of Sweden, Oxford 
Co., Me. She was born June 15, 1832. Their children 
are Luella May (deceased), Florence M., and Herbert B. 

From 1851 to 1854 Mr. Perry was engaged with D. E. 
Somes, Biddeford, manufacturing loom harnesses, and then 
went to Lewiston to superintend a manufactory in tlie same 
business for Mr. Somes. In 1856 he went into trade for 
himself in Lewiston, carrying on a general store, having 
associated witli him in business his brother (E. N. & G. S. 
Perry). In 1859 he went to Cape Elizabeth, and for two 
years was engaged in farming. He was elected collector 
on the Republican ticket, and served the town 1861-63; 
and in 186-t he was collector and treasurer. He was 



enrolling officer during the late war for Cape Elizabeth and 
Scarboro', and was appointed by Governor Corry one of the 
general recruiting officers of the State. In January, 1865, 
he was appointed deputy sheriff of Cumberland County, 
holding the office for four years. Elected slieriff for 1869- 
"0. and re elected and held the office a second term. For 
two years following his service as sheriff he was a farmer. 
In April, 1875, with M. C. Foss (Perry & Foss) he opened 
a general commission store in Portland, but afler one year 
Mr. Foss retired from the firm, and after continuing the 
business alone one year, Mr. Perry, in January, 1877, tooic 
in as partner Mr. F. T. Flint, and the firm of Perry & 
Flint, well established in business, continue as .successful 
commission merchants in 1879. 




HON. W. B. UIGGINS. 



HON. W. B. HIGGINS, 

seventh child, and son of Capt. Sylvanus Higgins, was 
born in the town of Cape Elizabeth, May 29, 1814, on the 
farm formerly owned by his father, but now owned by him. 
He remained at home during his minority, and spent his 
time in the routine of farm labor and at school. He re- 
mained for eleven years after reaching his majority at home, 
and in 1842 married Irene M. Dyer, of Cape Elizabeth. 
The same year of his marriage he erected the house in 
which he now resides, and followed agricultural pursuits 
until 1864, when he was elected to the Legislature. This 
position, which he held for one term, he filled with satis- 
faction to his constituents, and with honor to himself. His 
re-election was urgently sought by his many friends, but he 
declined further public honor. He is interested in local 
and national legislation, and a supporter of all enterprises 
tending to benefit his fellow-citizens. In politics he is a 
Democrat, and is known as a man who looks as well to the 
33 



man as to the principles he represents. Since his connec- 
tion with public matters, he has given his attention almast 
wholly to the interests of his farm. 



SILAS SKILLEN, 



son of Daniel, and grandson of Samuel Skillon. was born in 
the town of Cape Elizabeth, May 17, 1801. The farm 
upon which he resides was deeded to his paternal ancestor 
in the year 1681, and has remained in the family since. 

Mr. Skillen was reared on the farm, and received only a 
common-school education. His reliability as a citizen, his 
good judgment, and careful business management, have, 
through many years as a farmer, gsiined for him a compe- 
tence, which places him beyond the apprehension of want. 
He married in July, 1836, Maria, daughter of Nathaniel 



258 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



and Lucy Ward, of Konncbunkport. She was born July 
1, 1811. Of tliis union woio born eifrlit children, — Lucy, 
Daniel, John J., Ilezekiali, Edwin A., Silas E., Augusta 
E., Franklin A. 

Mrs. Skillen died Feb. 23, 1800. For his second wife 




SII,AS -SKILLEN. 

he married, in 1864, Catharine, daughter of Moses and 
Mary Fickett, of Cape Elizubetli. She was born April 7, 
1820. Mr. Skillen, now nearly fourscore years of age, en- 
joys the esteem of all who know him, and is surrounded 
with the fruits of many years of labor and industry. 



A. W. PEABBLES, 

son of Charles and Anna Peabbles, was born Aug. 27, 
1815, on the ftirm where he now re.-jides in the town of 
Cape Elizabeth, his grandfather having resided on the same 
farm during his life. His ancestors were among the earliest 
settlers of the town.. 

Mr. Peabbles was youngest in a family of eight children, 
and received a fair common-school education while young. 
In 1839 he married Miss Mehetabel Mitchael, of Cape 
Elizabeth, and the same year assumed control of the old 
homestead. Aside from his farming, he for many years 
carried on a grist- and saw-mill. His parents remained 
with him until their death. His father died at the age of 
twenty-nine, and his mother at the age of ninety. 

Mr. Peabbles is known as an unswerving member of the 
Democratic party, and has been honored with the offices of 
selectman and overseer of the poor I'ur several years by the 
citizens of his town. 

In church institutions he is interested, and has been a 
member of tlic Congregational Church for twenty years, 
and for several years a deacon of that church. 



KKIJBEN HIGGINS, 



son of Michael Higgins, was born in the town of Cape 
Elizabeth, Feb. 11, 1811. His grandfather, Reuben Ilig- 
gins, came to Cumberland County from Cape Cod, and met 
an untimely death by being drowned while capturing sea- 
cows. Mr. Higgins received a common-school education 
during his boyhood. At the age of seventeen he embarked 
on a coasting vessel, and remained in the service for three 
years. He went to Bangor, Me., where he learned black- 
smithing and the edge-tool trade, and was engaged in this 
business until 1830, when he sold out to his brother, Ar- 
thur, and returned to Cape Elizabeth, where he remained 
one year, and for the next three years was engaged in the 
grocery trade in Portland. In 1839 he married Calista L. 
Smith, of Newmarket, N. H. He removed to Androscog- 
gin County, and remained three years, during which time 
his father died, and he, purchasing the interest of the 
other heirs of the estate, settled on the old homestead in 
Cape Elizabeth. He has been honored with various offices 
of trust in his town. In 1843 he was elected selectman 
and overseer of the poor, and lield these offices for six 
years. In 1849 he was elected a member of the Legisla- 
ture on the Democratic ticket, and held tlie office one term. 
Following 1851, for eight years he was clerk on a steamer 
plying between Portland and Boston. In 1861 he was 
elected county commissioner, and remained in that office 
three years, and the same year was again elected to the 
Legislature, and served one year. For several years he hat 
acted as justice of the peace in the town, and continues to 
discharge the duties of that office to the satisfection of his 
fellow-townsmen and with honor to himself. 

Mr. Higgins is a member of the Froe-Will Baptist 
Church, and a supporter of church and kindred interests. 
He is a man of acknowledged integrity and correct habits. 



JONAH DYER 

is the son of Nathaniel and grandson of Nathan Dyer, who 
was a native of Cape Cod, and settled in Cape Elizabeth 
during the early history of that town. Jonah Dyer was 
born Dec. 25, 1794. His minority was spent in the rou- 
tine of school life and on the farm, receiving, however, 
limited opportunities for obtaining an education from books. 
For three years after reaching his majority he was engaged 
on a sailing vessel. Returning home, he purchased sixty 
acres of land, agreeing to pay therefor one thousand dol- 
lars, but having at the time of purchase only one hundred 
and fifty dollars. By industry, economy, and a judicious 
management of his affairs, he has not only completed the 
payment for his first purchase, but has added to it much 
other real estate, sufficient for himself and children. In 
1824, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Ephraim and 
Elizabeth Roberts, of Cape Elizabeth. They have three 
children, — George T., Mrs. William B. Higgins, and Na- 
thaniel. His wife died Aug. (i, 1878. He and his wife 





UEUBEN HIGGINS. 



MltS. REUBEN UlC.CilNS. 





Photos, by Lamsoii. 



JONAH DYER. 



MRS. JO.VAII DYEU. 





Pbotos. by Coiiaut. 



A. W. PEAHBr.F.."*. 



MRS. A. W. PE.\BliLES. 



TOWN OF CASCO. 



259 



were consistent members of the Free-Will Baptist Church. 
He will be remembered for his charity to the poor, and 
his support of enterprises benefiting his fellow-citizens. 
He ranks amon'r the wealthiest of his town. 



EDWARD P. HILL 

is eldest son of Edward Hill, of Eaton, N. H., was born 
in Portland, June 14, 1834, and now resides on the farm 
in the town of Cape Elizabeth, formerly owned by his 
mother, Eunice Jordan. He was educated in the common 
school and at Yarmouth Academy. At the age of eighteen 
he became a teacher, teaching school during the winter 
terms, and working on the farm summers. 

For four years following 1864 he was a,ssociated with his 
father-in-law, Mr. Chamberlain, as proprietor of the Ocean 
House, on Cape Elizabeth. In 1851) he was elected a mem- 
ber of the school committee, and was active in establishing 
the high school in Cape Elizabeth. In 1868 he was elected 
treasurer and collector of the town, and held these offices 
fur two years. In 1878 he received the appointment of 
inspectorof public works on river and harbor improvements, 
on Richmond Island Breakwater, under Gen. George 
Thom, and continues to hold the same position. He 
married, Dec. 3, 1865, Miss Sibyl M. Chamberlain, of 
Cape Elizabeth, and has two children, viz. : Henry C., 



born Oct. 1, 1866, and George E., born 8ept. 10, 1876. 
Mr. Hill is a thrifty and successful farmer, and a man of 




Plioto. by Liilii».iii. 



ScA^nz^/ <2f)t^A^ 



sterling integrity in all his business relations 
Democratic. 



In politics, 



CASCO. 



GENERAL DESCRIPTION. 
TuE town of Casco was formed from the northwestern 
half of Raymond, by act of incorporation approved March 
18, 1841. An effort had been made to divide the town as 
early as 1825, and, in 1838, Edward Mayberry, Samuel 
Jordan, and John Cook were elected a committee to desig- 
nate the division line. In 1831, '32, and '34, there were 
two collectors elected for Raymond, which was divided into 
the Eastern and Western Districts. Casco is bounded on 
the north by Poland and Thompson Pond, on the east by 
Raymond, on the .«outh by Sebago Lake, and on the west 
by Naples and Otisfield. It is bordered by five great ponds, 
and contains seven smaller ones within its limits. The sur- 
face is rolling, forming continuous ridges, and rising to its 
highest point in Rattlesnake Mountain, — a peak comprising 
450 acres, — on the eastern border of the town. 

V.\ KLV SETTLEMENT. 
Capt. Josej)!! Dinglcy, the first settlor in Casco anil Ray- 
mond, was born in Duxbury, Mass., Nov. 28, 1729. He 



selected the lot on which he lived, had it recorded in the 
proprietors' book at Beverly, Mass , Sept. 24. 1770, and ar- 
rived in what is now Casco, Nov. 28, 1770, after a spirited 
race from Massachusetts against Mr. Jordan, whom he out- 
traveled by taking a boat and crossing Great Sebago Pond 
in the night. This race was for the 100 acres of land to be 
given the first settler in the town. Capt. Dinglcy proceeded 
to erect a saw- and grist-mill at the outlet of Thomas Pond, 
for which he received a reward of 100 acres of land from 
the proprietors. The grist-mill stood on tlie Raymond side 
of the outlet. Thomas Lewis and William Dingley selected 
lots the same year. The first deed of land in tiie town was 
given by George Williams, Esq., John Gardner, gentleman, 
George Dodge, merchant, and Stephen Abbott, Esq., of Sa- 
lem, Ma-ss., agents, to Lewis Gay, of Raymond, for 100 acres, 
lot 13, range 4, March 28, 1784, in consideration of 5s., law- 
ful money. This is the well-known Gay Homestead, in 
South Ca.sco. Mr. Gay came from Bu.\toii, Ma.s.s., in 1786. 
lie lived to become a leading citizen, was deputy slioriff 
for many years, and died June 21), 1823. 



260 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Amoni^ the thirty deeds drawn for the first settlers of 
Raymond and Casco, March 29, 1704, were those of John 
Mitchell, near Lewis Gay's place ; Aaron Goodwin, Moses 
Whitney, and Zaohariah Jordan, on and near Crooked 
River ; Joseph Dinglcy, on the lot includint; the mills and 
South Casco burying-j^round ; John Ring, Widow Jane 
Mitchell, and Samuel Dingley, around Kettle Cove ; and 
Peter Staple, half a mile northwest of Dingley 's mill. 
Among the later arrivals were Horatio Wight, north of 
Webb's mill, in 18L3; Ed. and Richard Mayberry, Eliakim 
Maxfield, and Peter Graffiim, west of Panther Mountain, in 
1814; Elijah Varney, William Jackson, Jeremiah Alex- 
ander, and Henry Hooper, in the north part of the town, in 
1817 ; John and Daniel Barton, on Great Rattlesnake Pond, 
in 1822; and Obadiah Gould, on Quaker Hill. Richard 
Manning, of Salem, son of one of the proprietors, came in 
1800, and opened a blacksmith-shop across the road from 
Capt. Dingley's place, in front of the burying-ground. He 
wa.s proprietors' agent for many years. 

It was a common practice of the early settlers to draw 
their goods to their new homes on hand-sleds, over blazed 
paths too rough and narrow for loaded teams. To have a 
frame house was a sign of prosperity the settler would have, 
if he had to carry the boards for its building upon his back. 
Corn was hoed in on new lands without plowing, and the 
green ears, with milk and game in summer, or rye and In- 
dian corn and pork in winter, formed the chief diet, aside 
from the regular weekly baked beans. 

A back town, somewhat off the main routes of travel, 
Casco developed a people peculiar to itself, hardy and in- 
dustrious. Gathering in parties of 20 or more to roll the 
blackened logs of a fallow, after a fire had consumed the 
.smaller and drier branches, a day's hard rolling and lifting 
would transform half a dozen acres of blackened trunks 
into huge blazing fires at night-time ; and in place of he 
who passed the jug of rum all day, the fiddler would form 
the centre of attraction, the ragged and blackened heroes 
of the logging leading maidens clothed in homespun through 
the quiet dance, or indulging in wild frolic of which the 
older men still love to tell. It was no uncommon event to 
run afoul of a bear on the way home. These pests were 
very plenty, and levied their toll upon sheep or swine with 
a regularity which caused many a man to wear tow shirts, 
flax being a sure crop and taking the place of wool. Meet- 
ings were a higher recreation. Whole families came on 
horseback from miles around, the pillory — a small carriage 
without wheels, riding as part of the saddle — containing 
numerous children and the lunch-basket. Preaching was 
had in the morning, a two or three hours' discourse lasting 
until noon ; then a general picnic and gossip, a long after- 
noon sermon, and perhaps bai)tism in the clear waters of 
the lake, when all would dispense for their homes, just in 
time to complete the day by doing the chores, and partak- 
ing of the very common supper of luisty-pudding and 
milk. 

PLACES OF HISTUIUC INTEREST. 

The residence of Capt. Joseph Dingley, in South Casco, 
was at the north end of the bridge. The old house, which 
.stands upon the first land occupied by a white man in 
Casco, forms a part of the present residence of C. Murch. 



Across the road, tlie residence of A. Libby was the head- 
(juarters of the land-proprietors of Raymond in 1800. A 
few rods below is the old mill where Nathaniel Hawthorne, 
the author and poet, is said to have written his " Recollec- 
tions of a Busy Life." Back of the mill, in the field, is 
the old burying-ground where are gathered the remains of 
the early pioneers of Raymond and Casco. A thick slab 
of slate marks the resting-place of Capt. Joseph Dingley, 
the first settler of Raymond, who died Nov. 23, 1806, 
aged seventy-seven; Capt. Samuel Dingley, died 1825, aged 
sixty-eight ; Peter Staples, one of the first settlers " of this 
town," died 1846, aged ninety-five; and Sarah, his wife, 
died 1854, aged ninety-nine ; Lewis Gay, who was the first 
resident freeholder, died 1823, aged seventy-six; and his 
wife died 1850, aged one hundred and one; Ichabod Man- 
ning, formerly of Salem, died 1831, aged forty-seven. 
Among the later dead in the neat cemetery at Casco village 
are the remains of Capt. Oliver Mayberry, John Sawyer 
Esq., and John Holden. On the Pinkham place are the 
graves of Ester Skinner, died 1874, aged ninety ; Ephraim 
Cook, died 1853, aged ninety-three; Edmond Pinkham, 
died 18(50, and his wife, died 1865, each aged ninety -three. 
The old red town-house, erected, moved, and finished by an 
undecided people, who could not determine where it should 
stand, finally became stationary in the grove of pines a 
short distance to the south. 

Upon a shady hill-side towards Casco village is still 
another graveyard, made historic by the repose of Deacou 
Hezekiah Cook, died 1863, aged ninety; Capt. T. Wight, 
Stephen T. Jilson, Capt. Richard Mayberry, surrounded 
by the families of Pinkham, Holden, Lombard, and East- 
man. Here also is the grave of Mark Leach, Esq., who 
died in 1841, aged seventy. 

Songo River, whose waters wash in a picturesque maze 
of curves the western border of the town, is the outlet of 
a beautiful chain of lakes, which has been a fruitful theme 
for the poet and artist for more than a century. Its shores 
are still free from the desecration of modern improvement, 
save an occasional farm. 

VILLAGES. 
CASCO VILLAGE. 

Beside the little bay formed by the south end of Pleas- 
ant Pond, Casco village extends in a long line, running 
parallel with the western shore, bordered by bare, cultivated 
hills, rising gradually towards the west, while to the east 
the land is more broken and covered with forest. To the 
south, Packer's Pond empties its black waters through aD 
opening in the stone causeway at the head of Pleasant 
Pond. The village contains 30 dwellings, the .store of S. 
Decker, established by Nathan & S. Decker, in 1845; R. 
B. Bangs, general merchandise, established 1876; grist- 
and saw-mill, established by John Holden, 1837, and pur- 
chased by Richard Mayberry, who added a shook- and shin- 
gle-mill, and in 1879, a box-factory ; Chas. W. Winters, 
blacksmith-shop ; a fine school-house, and a church. The 
Portland Packing Company's buildings, erected in 1869, 
were burned in 1878. Mails are daily by stage, between 
Portland and Bolster's Mills, R. B. Bangs, postmaster. 



TOWN OF CASCO. 



261 



WEBBS MILLS, 

botween Great Rattlesnake and Dumplinj^ Pond^i, was a mill 
settlement previous to 1850, its products finding an easy 
outlet by way of Panther's Pond and Jordan Bay. The 
place occupies high ground, between hills, and contains a 
fine large school-house, erected for joint use as school- house 
and church; the store of S. S. Browne, established 1859; 
hardware-store of J. 11. Sawyer, established 1872; Tripp 
& Co.'s axe-handle factory, with a capacity of 30,000 to 35.- 
000 handles annually, established 1865 ; shook- and stave- 
mill of J. F. Strout, establislied 1873 ; M. F. Winslow, grist- 
and shingle-mill, established by John Small as a merchant- 
mill, and reduced because of the small production of grain. 
Mails are tri-weekly to Mechanics' Falls and Bolster's 
Mills, alternately, by stage; S. S. Brown, postmaster. A 
mile east is David Duran & Co.'s stave- and shook-mill, 
established 1800. 

SOUTH CASCO 

comprises a cluster of dwellings around the Hawthoi'ne 
Church, in Raymond, and half a mile distant, in Casco, a 
hamlet of 10 buildings, including the clothing-manufactory 
of F. A. Dingley, established 1859, .and employing 50 
operatives, many of whom receive the work at their homes ; 
the store of William Dingley, Jr., in the same building; S. 
C. Watkins' wagon- and smith-shop, established 1877 ; and 
South Casco Post-Ofiice, Wm. Dingley, Jr., postmaster. 

CIVIL HISTORY. 

The first town election of Casco was held at the Friends' 
meeting-house, March 30, 1841. Daniel M. Cook was 
chosen moderator of the meeting ; Alpheus S. Holden was 
elected Town Clerk ; Isaiah Gould, Richard Cook, Fred- 
erick Nutting, Selectmen, Assessors, and Overseers of the 
Poor ; William Cook, Treasurer ; Stephen Cook, Collector 
and Constable; James Webb, Stephen Hall, Isaiah Wins- 
low, Daniel Barton, William Jordan, James Knight, Zach- 
ariah Cook, Stephen Cook, George Strout, John Ring, 
Nathan Mayfield, Job Mitchell, Clark Watkins, Mark 
Dingley, Peter Graffam, James Hobson, and John Holden, 
Surveyors of Highways ; Obadiah G. Cook, Johnson W. 
Knight, John Small, Ebenezer Buzzell, Solomon Mayberry, 
Geo. W. Dingley, Surveyors of Lumber, Wood, and Bark ; 
Obadiah G. Cook, Ebenezer Buzzell, Isaiah Gould, School 
Committee. Six hundred dollars were voted to pay town 
charges, $700 for highways, and the full amount allowed 
by law for schools. The following is a list of the principal 
town officers : 

SELECTMEN. 

1841. — Isaiah Gould, Richard Cook, Frederick Nutting. 
1842.— Potter J. Mayberry, .James Knight, Daniel M. Cook. 
1843-44.— William Webb, Isaiah Could, George W. Dingley. • 
1845.— William Webb, Levi Holden, Daniel Murch. 
1846.— Isaiah Gould, George W. Dingley, .John .Small. 
1847.— William Webb, Frederick Nutting, Levi Holden. 
1848.— Isaiah Gould, Potter J. Mayberry, Daniel Walker. 
1849.— Alpheus S. Holdon, Potter J. Mayberry, Lewis Gay. 
1850.— Richard Mayberry, Aaron li. Holden, William Ma.vBeld. 
1851.— Alpheus S. Holdon, Anson .Jordan, William Dingley, Jr. 
1852.— Alpheus S. Holden, William Rolf. William Dinghy. .Ir. 
185:!.— William Rolf, William Dingley. .Jr., Aaron li. 11. .Men. 
1854.— Alpheus S. Holden, William Rolf, John C. Jaciiucs. 



1855. — William Dingley, Jr., Spencer Decker, David Duran. 
1S56. — Alpheus S. Holden, Lewis Gay, Potter J. Mayberry. 
1857.— Richard M. Webb, Lewis Gay, Oliver M. Cook. 
1858-59.— Spencer Decker, David Dnran, William Dingley, .Ir. 
lSfiO-61.— Daniel M. Cook, Potter J. Mayberry, Aaron Mann. 
1862.— Potter J. Mayberry, Samuel S. Browne, William Hall. 
1863. — Daniel M. Cook, Aaron Mann, John Small. 
1864. — Spencer Decker, Elmer Brown, James Chute (2d). 
1S65.— Daniel M. Cook, Benjamin C. Gay, William H. Hodgdon. 
1866.— Daniel M. Cook, Elmer Brown, William Dingley, Jr. 
1867. — Daniel M. Cook, David Duran, Andrew Libhy. 
1868. — Albion Cobb, tJames U. Lombard, Benjamin C. Gay. 
1869-70.- Richard Cook, Jr., Potter .1. Mayberry, Wm. Dingley, Jr. 
1871.— Potter J. Mayberry, Andrew R. Gay, Samuel S. Browne. 
1872. — Samuel S. Browne, Alpheus S. Holden, Lewis Gay. 
1873.— William M. Cook, David Duran, Andrew R. Gay. 
1874-76.— William M. Cook, David Duran, Fred. A. Dingley. 
1877. — Samuel S. Browne, Solomon M. Gay, Addison .Shaw. 
1S78.— David Duran, William Dingley, Jr., Joshua C. Cook. 
1S79. — Spencer Decker, .Josiuh Webb, John H. Sawyer. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

AlphcHsS. Holden, 1841-45; Richard M.Webb, 1846-47: Daniel M. 
Cook, 1S4S-54; Moses S. Eastman, 1855-57; Daniel M. Cook, 
1858-61; Moses S. Eastman, 1862-63; William F. Cook, 1864; 
Lyman AV. Holden, 1865; William F. Cook, 1866-07; Lyman 
W. Holden, 1868-73; Edwin A. Barton, 1874-76; George F. 
McQuillan, 1877; Edwin A. Barton, 1878 ; Lyman W. Holden, 
1879. 

TREASURERS. 

William Cook, 1841; Levi Holden, 1842: Barclay Wight, 1843; 
Obadiah G. Cook, 1844; Barclay Wight, 1845; Potter J. May- 
berry, 1846; James Knight, 1847; James J. Knight, 1848-50; 
Aaron B. Holden, 1851-53; Moses S. Eastman, 1854; Richard 
Mayberry, 1855; Clark Stone, 1856; Richard Mayberry, 1857-59 ; 
Alpheus S. Holden, 1860; Samuel S. Browne, 1861; Spencer 
Decker, 1862; Alpheus S. Holden, 1863; Richard Mayberry, 
1864; Ephraim Brown, 1865: Richard Mayberry, 1866-67; 
Lewis W. Houghton, 1868: William F. Cook, 1869-70; Alpheus 
S. Holden, 1871; William F. Cook, 1872-76; Daniel C. Smith, 
1S77-79. 

COLLECTORS AND CONSTABLES. 

Stephen Cook, 1841: Levi Holden, 1842; Barclay Wight, J843; 
Obadiah G. Cook, 1844; Barclay Wight, 1845; Jacob S. Wat- 
kins, Richard Mayberry (vacancy), 1846; Richard Mayberry, 
1847-49; Obadiah G. Cook, Moses S. Eastman, 1850; Edward 
Mayberry, 1851 ; John Cook, 1852-55; Richard Mayberry, 1S56; 
Luther Edwards, Daniel M. Cook (vacancy), 1857 ; John Small, 
1858; Freedom Chute, 1859; Lewis Gay, 1860; Cyrus K. Holden, 
1861; Lewis Gay, 1862-64; Benjamin C. Gay, 1865-66; Ben- 
jamin F. Cook, 1867; Edwin A. Barton, 1868-69; Lewis Gay, 
1870: Clark N. Ma.\field, 1871-72: Nathan C. Pinkham, 1873- 
74; Clark X. JLi.vfield, 1875-77; R. C. Gay, 1878-79. 

CHURCHES. 
SOCIETY OF FIIIENDS. 

Obadiah Gould, the first member of the Society of 
Friends, c;uno to Raymond in 1801. Meetings were held 
in the neighborhood now known as " Quaker Hill," at the 
houses of Mr. Gould and Daniel and Elijah Cook, who 
were also members of the monthly meeting at Windham as 
early as 1811. The present meceing-house was built near 
the house of Daniel Cook, south of Casco village, iu 1814. 
Ephraim Cook also joined the meeting. The younger 
members have become scattered through the surrounding 
country, but meetings are still held. The members belong 
to the society organization at Windham. Isaiiih Gould 
succeeded his father, Obadiah Gould, as clerk in 1820, and 
was succeeded by William Hall, present clerk, in 18G4. 



262 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH 

was organized in Casco, Dee. 10, 1827, with 12 members, 
Ichabod M. Gay and wife, Hezekiah Cook and wife, Dan- 
iel Mayberry and wife, Lewis Gay and wife, Nathaniel 
Strout, Peter Staples, Jr., Mary Proctor, and Sarah Cook. 
Hezekiah Cook and Ichabod M. Gay were the first dea- 
cons. The church was organized by Revs. Zachariah 
Leach and Zachariah Jordan. Rev. Joseph White was 
made pastor in 1833, and Joseph Phinney, 1844. Peter 
Staple was ordained in the" Gay meeting-hou.so" in Casco, 
on the site of the " old Western Church of Raymond," Sept. 
23, 1834, and was pastor three years. The meeting-house 
was finished afterwards, and dedicated Nov. 17, 183G, by 
Rev. John Stevens, of Liniington. Rev. Austin Wheelon 
and Rev. T. D. Burnham held revival meetings in 1839, 
and were succeeded by Revs. Almon Libby and J. H. 
Phinney in 1840, Daniel Clay, 1842-43, and II. Chandler, 
1848. Clerks: Peter Staples to 1833; S. D. Burnham, 
1834-43 ; John Cook, 1843-58. 

The old building has been abandoned since 1865, and is 
falling into decay. A reorganization of the society was 
efiected by Rev. John Pinkham, Sept. 12, 1876, and Colby 
Jordan was made clerk, Josiah Winslow and Stephen S. 
Welch, deacons. John D. Spiller and wife, James E. 
Tripp and wife, Alonzo Small and wife were leading mem- 
bers. Present membership, 17. Meetings are held in 
Webb's Mills school-house. 

THE CONGREGATIONALIST CHURCH OF RAYMOND 

was organized in Casco at the house of John Cash, Dec. 
23, 1813. The first members were Keziah Cash, Christian 
Strout, Elie Cash, Regia Duran, Martha Brigham, John 
Ca.sh and son, Louis Gay, Prince Strout, Levi Brigham, 
and Samuel Duran. Rev. Jacob Herrick was first pastor. 
Deacon Levi Brigham, clerk, Samuel Duran, deacon. Na- 
thaniel Cash was made deacon in 1852. A church library 
was established in 1825 by the Rev. Elliott Kellogg. Rev. T. 
P. Richardson was made pastor in 1834, D. Shepley, 1857. 
A new organization was efiected at Casco village, Sept. 19, 
1864. Moses S. Eastman was chosen clerk ; Rev. T. T. 
Murry, E. M. Wight, and M. S. Eastman were chosen com- 
mittee to revise the creed; Tarbel Moors, treasurer; Rich- 
ard Mayberry and E. M. Wight, deacons. Rev. T. T. 
Murry was succeeded as pastor by Rev. Leonard Green 
(1866), Rev. George F. Tewksbury, B. H. Osgood, L. C. 
Mann, E. R. Osgood. Services are held in the Union 
church, Casco village. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

A class was formed at Webb's Mills in 1844, with Levi 
Small, leader, and Barclay Wight, recording steward. Oli- 
ver Mayberry and wife, Amos Jordan and wife, Joseph, 
Olive, and Betsey Wight, Anna llicker, Joseph and Mary 
Strout, and Betsey Small were members. Meetings are 
held in the Webb's Mills school-house. Rev. T. J. True 
has been pastor since 1878. This class is a part of the 
Raymond charge. 

SCHOOI.S. 

The school fund was divided by tlu^ ad (jI' iiiciirporatiDii, 
and the town clerk, selectmen, and trea.surer wore made an 



ex-ojfficio board for its future management. Eleven school 
districts were organized in 1845, and additional school- 
houses erected. In 1878 the school property, consisting 
of five good and three inferior school-houses, in eight dis- 
tricts was valued at $4000. The town contained 333 
school-children, of whom 212 attended school. School 
superintendent for 1879, Augustus Mann. 

ASSOCIATIONS. 
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS. 

Pleasant Pond Lodge, No. 168, organized July 23, 
1878, with Augustus E. Mann, W. C. T.; Lizzie Jipson, 
W. V. T. ; Frank H. Mayberry, W. Sec. ; James M. East- 
man, F. Sec. ; James Jipson, Treas. ; Charles W. Winters, 
Marshal ; Richard Mayberry, Chap. ; Joseph Beatty, P. W. 
C. T. Officers 1879 : Joseph Beatty, W. C. T. ; Lizzie Jip- 
son, W. V. T. ; Hattie R. Mayberry, W. Sec. ; John W. 
Beatty, Rec. Sec. ; George W. Burges, Treas. ; Charles W. 
Winters, W. M. ; Richard Mayberry, Chap. Meet at Casco 
village. 

SOUTH CASCO TEMPERANCE REFORM CLUB. 

Organized Nov. 3, 1875. Andrew R. Gay, Pres. ; Daniel 
Lombard, Vice-President ; Llewellyn Welch, Sec. 1879, 
Hezekiah Lombard, President; William M. Mitchell, Sec. 
Meetings are held in the Hawthorne House, Raymond. 

MERCHANTS, ETC. 

Past merchants of Casco have been Joseph Brown, 1840 
-50; Levi Holden, 1830-45; Holden & Mayberry, Ed- 
ward Mayberry, 1853 ; M. S. Eastman, 1852-65. William 
Webb, 1847; Jordan & Webb, Anson Jordan, 1852-60; 
Randall Barton, 1861 ; David Duran, 1867 ; Webb & 
Browne, S. S. Browne, Webb's Mills. William Rolf, 1847 
-56; Otis Watkins, 1847; Dingley & Watkins, 1851; 
William Dingley, Jr., 1867-79, South Casco. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Dr. Joseph Wight, 1796-1848; Dr. John Eastman, 
1827-54; Dr. Pascall Ingalls, Dr. B. M. Wight, 1864; 
'Cyrus K. Bowker, 1857-64; Dr. Albion Cobb, 1868-79; 
Charles H. Young, 1868-79. 

George F. McQuillan, 1874, Lawyer. 

Among the leading men of Casco, are Andrew Libby, 
Alpheus Holden, Richard Mayberry, Isaiah Gould, Clark 
N. Maxfield, Potter Mayberry, Lyman W. Holden, Capt. 
John Small, David Duran, and Samuel S. Browne. 

MILITARY. 

SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 

Dr. Josc|)h_Wight, surgeon ; Capt. Richard Mayberry 
and his .son, William Mayberry, who served him as waiter, 
and was with him at the battle of Bunker Hill. 

WAR OF 1812. 

James Jordan, Samuel Dingley, William Chane, Peter 
Graff"am, Peter Skinner, Louis Hancock, David Decker, 
Ephraim Brown, John Nash, James Welch, Jr. 




if ,rf=*^ 




Mrs. Albion Cobb. 



J/Lr^ i)M /kcb 



( PHOTOS SV LAMSO 




The subj.>flt of this ;'krt,c,h wart 
born ill that part of the towi, yf Jlav 
niuiul which now foriur, tlio town nl 
(\is(:r,, in 1811. He ^^as liie so.i of 
,),:ii,i a:ul I'olly lloldcii. John. Iii>< 
l-.tircr, w.w the eldi'st son of John :ind 
8il)vl Hoiacn, and Polly, hia motlu-r, 
was thr eldest d:iui;htev of Dr. Oavid 
and Eunice Hay. His parents and 
graiid|iiirenUs were born in Wientliani 
and Wuburn. Mass. His yoiitli was 
spent ill aeiiuiviug a thorough aea- 
demie education, and many winters nf 
his •:Mrly life were employed in ttac.li- 
in;,. .In this vocation he was highly 
successful, and hence extremely popu- 
lar. Thuugh fitted by education and 
natural ability to have attained to 
eminence in any calling or profession 
in life, be has occupied himself with 
the cultivation and management of his 
large and beautiful farm, near Casco 
village. 

Mr. Holden has always been noted 
as an upright, intelligent, liberal, and 
public-spirited citizen, ever ready to 
promote the prosperity of his native 
town, and its advancement iu educa- 
tion, morals, and religion. He lately 
renovated and beautified the church 
edifice at ('asco village, at a cost of 




>\.S. Holden. 



more than one thousand dollars, and 
he was largely instrumental iu pro- 
moting the building, in the same 
villa"0, of the handsomest, mosi com- 
modious, and best-appointed schtol- 
liouse to be found iu a circuit ol' many 
miles. 

His reputation for intelligence, ca- 
pacity, and integrity has led to his 
being often chosen to offices of public 
trust. He was a member of the 
Maine House of llepresent.itives in 
1843 and in 1865, of the Stat* ■ 
Senate in ISi.'i-lG, and of the Ex- i 
ecutive Council in 1856. So long i| 
as he could be induced to bear the i 
burden, the municipal affairs of the i 
town were confined almost exclusively I 
to his care ; his fellow-citizens resting i 
assured that, so long as their business s 
was under his management, the best -. 
thing would always be done in the t 
best manner. 

Mr. Hoiden has always been in easy ( 
circumstances, and has managed his i 
]irivate business with shrewdness and t 
tact. He is unmarried. Few pereons i 
have earned or enjoyed more universal 
respect and good-will among his towns- 
men or the public generally than has 
Mr. Holden. 




N A S HOLDEN CASCO ME, 



TOWN OP CASCO. 



263 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



DAVID DURAN, 

son of Nathaniel and Mary Duran, was born in the town of 
Casco, Cumberland Co., Me., in 1823. His boyhood was 
spent on the farm and attending school. Upon reaching 
his majority he took charge of his father's farm, and the 




J^0L^7A-(^ "iLJ^ 



I'li.itu. bv Starl.iiil, Augusta. 



■L^t^. CLA.y\ 



care of his aged parents. In the year 1S4G he married 
Adeline Gerry, of Cumberland County. They have a son 
and daughter. 5Ir. Duran has ever been interested in local 
and State politics. In the year 1855 he was elected a 
selectman, and served nine years. In 1868 he was elected 
to the Legislature, and served one term. In 1877 he was 
elected State Senator, and re-elected to that ofEce in 1878 
and 1879. Mr. Duran is a Republican in politics, and is 
prominently identified with the orders of Masonry, Odd- 
Pellows, and Knights of Pythias. 



RICHARD MAYBERRY, 

son of Daniel Mayberry, of Windham, was born in the town 
of Casco (^then Raymond) in the year 1811. His minority 
was spent at home on the farm and in lumbering. For ten 
years after reaching his majority he followed peddling on 
the road. He then purchased a farm, upon which he now 
resides. In 184-1 he married Catharine M. Knight, of 
Otisfield. Their children are Florence J., Cyrus C, and 
Frank P. He was one of the organizers of the Republican 
party in his vicinity, and has taken a somewhat active part 
in politics. In 1843 he was appointed deputy sheriff by 



N. L. Woodbury, and held the office for ten years, and 
during that time he was appointed postmaster, and held the 
offices of selectman, collector, and treasurer of the town. 




. Ity ' 'onant, Portlainl. 



RICH.MID Jl.WBERRY. 



In 186(1 he was elected a representative of the State Legis- 
lature, and held the office one term, discharging the duties 
of that position to the satisfliction of his constituents, and 
with credit to himself Since that time he has been engaged 
almost wholly in agricultural pursuits and in the lumber 
trade. He has been a member of the Congregational Church 
for many years, and is a deacon of that church. 



ALBION COBB, M.D., 

was born in Westbrook, Cumberland Co., Me., Dec. 22, 
1 824, and was the eldest son of Asa and Nancy D. Cobb, 
whose family of eight, with one exception, attained adult 
age, and were noted for their scientific and literary attain- 
ments. Dr. Cobb's advantages for instruction in early life 
were meagre in the extreme, and were only attainable by 
the most severe effort. The district school, which was his 
almost sole resource, was two miles distant, over an unfre- 
quented road, extremely subject to be blockaded by snow ; 
yet this, and two terms of eleven weeks each at Westbrook 
Seminary, constituted the whole of his school opportunities, 
aside from professional teaching. His studies have been 
carried on without instructors or assistance of any kind, yet 
in knowledge of ancient and modern languages, natuntl 
science and literature, few persons, even with the advan- 
tages of a university education, excel him. He began the 
study of medicine in August, 1847, and graduated from the 
Medical School of Maine, at Bowdoin College, in the class 
of 1851, having in the mean time attended one term at the 
Medical Department of the University of New York. In 
May, 1852, ho began the practice of his profession at Bol- 
ster's Mills, in the town of Harrison, Me., where he remained 
in active practice for over seven years, when, alter having 



264 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



spent a little over ;i year in liis native town, lie rcninved to 
Webb's Mills, in the town of Ca.sco, where he has since 
resided. In 1862 he entered the army as assistant sur- 
geon of the 4th Maine Volunteers, and had usually the sole 
medical and surgical charge of the regiment till he was 
mustered out with it in July, 1864. In November, 1863, 
at Bristow Station, Va., he received a severe wound, from 
which he is still disabled. From August, 1864, till June, 
1865, he was acting assistant surgeon United States Army, 
and stationed at Ilarewood Hospital, near Washington, D. C. 
In November, 1851, he married Miss Louise A. Stockman, 



daughter of Mr. Robert Stockman, of Poland, Me. He 
has now living four sons, viz., Albion E. Cobb, M.D., a 
graduate of Dartmouth College Medical School, now prac- 
ticing medicine at North Windham ; Carolus M. Cobb, 
engaged in teaching ; and Ernest 0. Cobb and Anson A. 
Cobb, who, though still boys, have attained a good reputa- 
tion as scholars. Mrs. Cobb, wife of the doctor, has for 
many years been employed in teacliing, in which profession 
she is eminently successful, having taught more than fifty 
terms of school, and winning, in every instance, the highest 
approbation. 



CUMBERLAND. 



INCORPORATION AND BOUNDARIES. 
The town of Cumberland was incorporated by an act of 
the Legislature of Maine, dividing the town of North Yar- 
mouth, passed March 19th and approved March 28, 1821. 
The new town included all the lands lying to the eastward 
of a line beginning at the sea-shore at the southeast corner 
of the John Dabney farm, granted in 1735, on the divid- 
ing line between the lands of Alexander Barr and Reuben 
Loring, and extending northerly to the southeast corner of 
120-acre lot 1 ; north, 26° west on the lot lines to the 
north corner of lot 5 ; south, G5° west on the line between 
lots 5 and 6, crossing lot 6 and following the south line of 
lot 7 to its south corner ; following the western line of the 
120-acre divisions west of Royal River north, 26° west 
to the gore annexed in 1734 ; following the original town 
line south, 64° west to the easterly corner of 450-acre 
squadron No. 2, and northwest to the Gray line, together 
with all the islands belonging to North Yarmouth, except 
Cousin's, Little John's, Lane's, Great and Little Mosier's. 
All persons dwelling on lands joining the division line were 
granted the liberty to elect in which town they should 
belong, with their lands, within ninety days of the passage 
of the act. From this privilege there resulted a long series 
of petitions and transfers from one town to the other. The 
town is eight miles long and three miles wide. It is bounded 
on the northeast by North Yarmouth and Yarmouth, on the 
southeast by Casco Bay, on the southwest by Falmouth, and 
on the northwest by Gray. The islands belonging to the 
town are Great Chebeague, Crotch, Broken Cave, Hope, 
Smooth Clapboard, Basket, Bates, Ministerial, Stove, Bangs, 
Slurdivant, Goose, Crow, Sand, and Jewell's Islands. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

John Phillips, a native of Wales, was the first settler in 
the town of Cumberland, on a point of land fifty feet above 
the mussel-beds which line the .shore projecting from the 
hard, half-bared hills which rise a (|uarter of a mile farther 
inland. A beautiful stream finds its way through from the 



level meadows nine miles farther back, and falls in a series 
of cascades from the projecting land into the little cove. 
Here he erected a stone house, or garrison, and traded with 
the Indians. He sold his garrison to George Felt, of Mai- 
den, Mass., in 1640. Mr. Felt made his home here, and in 
1643 completed his title by repurchase of Thomas Gorges. 
He had two sons born here, George, who was killed by the 
Indians on Munjoy's Island in 1676, and Mo.sos, who was 
born here in 1650, and removed to Chelsea about 1733. 
Mr. Felt returned to Maiden, after the Indian outbreak of 
1676, at the age of seventy-six years. Capt. Walter Gen- 
dall lived near the .shore, next the Falmouth line, as early 
as 1665. John Plaice bought a piece of land between 
Gendall and Felt extending north to the creek. His deed, 
dated Nov. 12, 1670, says, "joining John Koleman." These 
titles were lost, or merged in the general confusion attend- 
ant upon the Indian outbreak of 1676. Capt. Gendall, 
the first to return after the peace of 1678, built a strong 
house of heavy timbers, loop-holed for defense, and calcu- 
lated to withstand the assault of the savage foe if occasion 
should again require. Displaying an intrepid bravery and 
keen business faculties, Capt. Gendall was made the chief 
of a committee, appointed by order of Thomas Danforth, 
Esq., president, Sept. 22, 1680, to determine the place of 
resettlement, and lay out homes for settlers in a manner 
most capable of defense against any future Indian out- 
break. In 1681, Anthony Bracket and George Pearson 
were ap{>ointed to lay out for him, near to the Falmouth 
line, " where he had builded a house and begun a planta- 
tion," a farm not to exceed 200 acres. In those days there 
was more variation of chain than of compass, liberal allowance 
being made for bad lands, hills, and bogs. With the 200- 
acre school lot, an eighth of a mile north, as a basis, this 
tract, running beyond Duck Cove, must have contained 
about 500 acres. The main settlement on Royal River 
furnished what employment there was aside from the slow 
work of clearing land. Capt. Gendall was engaged in saw- 
ing lumber at the falls fnmi 1681 until he lost his life in 




Photo, by Conant| Portland, 



^y/~^^->^^/LP ^^jL^Ouc^,^>^<7f^ 



Cai'T. Joseph Blanchard was bui-n in the town of Cum- 
berland, on the fai-m where lie now resides, June IV, 1803. He 
is the youngest child of Nathaniel and Christian (Loring) 
Blanchard, natives of Cumberland County. The Blanchards 
are of French and the Lorings of English descent. His 
father followed the sea the greater part of his life, and was 
drowned, at the age of fifty-eight years, at Jewel's Island. 

Capt. Joseph Blanchard received a good common-school 
education, and at the age of fourteen wont to sea, with his 
brother Nathaniel, aboard the coasting schooner " Telegraph." 
After four years he became second mate of the vessel for one 
year, two years first mate of the brig " Echo," and then as caji- 
tain of the vessel he made a trip from Portland to Charleston ; 
thence with a load of rice to Cowcs, on the Isle of Wight, for 
orders ; thence to Antwerp. 

Upon his return he made a trip with the brig " Kebccua" to 
Trinidad, Isle of Cuba, followed by two voyages in the brig 
" Catherine" to Europe. His next trip was with the brig 
" Echo" to Havana. On his return he was wrecked on Cape 
Cod, near the Highland Lights, with a total loss of the vessel, 
cargo, and one man. For nine years he ran the brig 
" Freigliter" to Point Peter, Guadeloupe, followed by two 
trips to Europe. With the ship "John Cadmus" he made 
four voyages to Europe and two coast voyages, followed by 
two voyages in the " Freighter" to Guadeloupe, and two 
voyages in the ship " John Cadmus" to Europe. He next 
made four voyages to the West Indies, and one coast voyage 
in the bark "Agnes." Ho made one trip to France in the 
ship " Helen Augustus" during the famine in Ireland. He 
made two voyages to Europe in the ship " Element," during 
which time he contracted to build the ship "Cornelia," and 
upon his return with the " Element" he took charge of the 
ship "Cornelia," and sailed her eight years to Europe. He 
made a sail from Gun Key Light-House, near Havana, to 
Boston in five days with his ship " Cornelia." He also had 
charge of the " Vincenncs" for one trip to Point Peter. He 



built the .ship " United States," commanded her two voyages, 
then chartered her in London for the East Indies, and put 
aboard as captain his cousin, John D. Blanchard, who made 
a successful voyage. Capt. Blanchard returned home, and 
with the ship " Cornelia" made three trips to Europe. At 
this time the Rebellion broke out, and he retired from a sea- 
faring life, putting Adam Woodside aboard his vessel as 
captain. 

Since he retired I'rom the sea he has taken charge of the old 
farm formerlj- occujiicd by his father in the town of Cum- 
berland, and enjoys the quiet of life on terra-firma sur- 
rounded by his many friends, although he is still interested 
in navigation. He has been little connected with local matters 
at home, but has devoted nearly his whole time to the interests 
of navigation. His success as a business man has given him 
rank among the strong financiers of the county. He is a 
stockholder in the Merchants' Bank, Portland. He is said to 
have made more trips to the AVest Indies than any other sea- 
going man in Maine, having made eighty-four, being on the 
sea for upwards of forty years, during which time he made 
thirty voyages to Europe. 

His many visits to foreign countries have made him familiar 
with the customs and language of other nations, and partic- 
ularly in the French he is a ready and fluent conversation- 
alist. 

Capt. Blanchard is a man of remarkably fine ]ihysic|uc, socia- 
ble, and he ]iosso.sses that resolution and force of character to 
carry forward to a successful completion whatever he con- 
ceives to be for his benefit. He married, on Oct. 4, 1829, Al- 
bertine Prince, of Cumberland. Their children living are 
Helen, Sarah F., wife of Koyal W. Doughty, of Boston, 
Henrietta, and James A. 

In politics Capt. Blanchard formerly belonged to the Whig 
party, and upon the formation of the Kepublican party became 
a staunch supporter of its principles. He is a supporter of 
ehureli and charitable interests. 





CAPT. REUBEN BI.ANCHAUD. 



MRS. REUBEN BLANCHARD. 



CAPT. REUBEN BLANC^HARD, 



son of Beza and Prudence (Rideout) Blancliard, 
was born in the town of Cumberland, Aug. 24, 
1794. He is tlie eldest in a family of twelve chil- 
dren, seven of whom are living in 1879. 

He spent his youth at home until he was eigh- 
teen years of age, when he went to sea, first as 
a common sailor. In 1821 he took charge of a 
schooner in the coasting trade, which he com- 
manded for two years. He then became one of 
four persons in building the brig " Morgiana," 
which, after its completion, he commanded in the 
European trade. He had charge of this vessel for 
four years, during which time he made two trips 
to the West Indies. For a time he sailed alter- 
nately to Europe and the West Indies. In 1845 
he made a voyage to South America, and in the 
latter part of the same year he commanded the 
ship " Blanchard," of Yarmouth, and lost her on 
the coast of Virginia. He was shipwrecked in the 
first vessel he commanded (" The Union"), and, of 



the eleven on board, all were lost but himself and 
the mate. Upon his return from South America 
he retired from the sea and settled on the farm 
where he now resides. 

Feb. 15, 1821, he married Christiana, daughter 
of Solomon Loring, of North Yarmouth. Their 
children are Enos O., Horatio S., Frederick P., 
and Francis W., — all living. 

Since his retirement from the sea, Capt. Blanch- 
ard has interested himself in local and State mat- 
ters, and taken an active part in religious and 
kindred interests. He was selectman of the town 
of Cumberland for four years, and in 1853 repre- 
sented it in the Legislature. 

Both he and his wife are members of the Con- 
gregational Church of Cumberland, and he has 
been a supporter of church and town interests for 
sixty-three years. In 1871, Captain and Mrs. 
Blanchard celebrated their golden wedding, an 
event seldom occurring in the history of married life. 



TOWN OF CUMBERLAND. 



265 



1688, wliile heroically relieving a besieged band of his 
workiuen. The settlement was soon after abandoned. 
Benj. Larrabee sold to Henry Bibber 100 acres of land, 
with ten rods front on Broad Cove, in 1712; but, like 
other titles of that day, it appears to have had no real value. 
Persons began to return and occupy lands soon after, 
awaiting their chances to obtain some definite title. 

In 1723, William Scales (son of William Scales, who was 
killed in 1678) had re-occupied Scales' Point on Broad 
Cove, and erected a strong garrison for the defense of him- 
self, James Buxton, Matthew Scales, Joseph Felt, Francis 
Wyman, and James Niccols. The same year a petition was 
presented to the General Court, asking for soldiers to defend 
the garrison. William Scales, Jr., father of Deacon Thomas 
and Matthew Scales, was killed on the Scales farm (lot 59, 
Broad Cove) ; Joseph Felt was killed at Royal River 
soon after, and his family taken captives. The Indians had 
hoped to surprise the settlement. One of them remarked 
to Mrs. Felt, after her capture, " Husband much tough 
man ! shot good many times, — no die ! Take scalp off alive; 
then take knife, and cut neck long 'round !" He also told 
her how he lay beside the fence upon which she stood, while 
pouring feed to her hogs, some days before. Capt. Peter 
Weare recovered the family four years after.* Joe Weare, 
his son, grew up with a deadly enmity against the savages, 
which afterwards made him famous as an Indian scout and 
fighter. 

The Gendall farm was regranted to John Smith, of Bos- 
ton. John Powell built a saw-mill at the falls (now known 
as Felt's Falls), near the old stone fort of Mr. Phillips. 

Previous to the laying out of lots by Pliinehas Jones, in 
1732, a school-lot and two farms for John Powell and John 
Dabney had been preserved on Broad Cove, comprising the 
farms now occupied by W. Russell and S. Loring. The 
balance of the coast, except the Gendall form, had been 
laid out in lots of ten acres each by Capt. Jeremiah Moulton 
and Benj. Flagg; those back to, and including the Grand 
Trunk Railroad, containing more land, because of poorer 
quality, and back from the shore. The main part of the 
town is comprised in the " one-huudred-acre lots west of 
Royall's River," laid out by Phinehas Jones in 1732, and 
drawn June 20, 1733. Five of these ranges of lots run 
nearly the length of the town, and are divided by three 
roads, the first of which, to the southward, was opened in 
17C1. 

In the drawing the former proprietors were first allowed 
to select lots ; the remaining names were then put into a 
hat; the remaining numbers into another hat, the drawers 
pledged to the authority of the committee. The number 
following each name in the drawing was the number of the 
lot so chosen.f 



Benjamin Prince' 
John Holuianf... 

Samuel Smith 

Thomas Dogget* 
Thomas Criift* 



George Monli* 56 



Ephrnim Craft* 9 

Barnabas Ilatchf 21 

Roljert Jolinsou*^'" 16 

Williiim Bond 3i 

Francis Wymau^' 87 

Samuel Yorlit 47 



* Capt. Weare was a son-in-law of Mr. Ftlt. 

f The first coluuin of figures gives the number of the one-humlrctl- 
aerc lots, the second of the home or ten acre lots. Names marked 
with a star (») became settlers, Ihose marked with a dagger (f) were 
former settlers or their descendants. 

31 



Phinehas Jones* 54 

Capt. Jere. Moulton*.. .36 

Col. William Dudley... 6:! 

Benjamin Flaggf 5S 

Richard Bray* 4t 

Gilbert WinslowS 17 

Samuel Fisher* 82 

Jonathan Watson* 74 

John Butters .17 

John Smith 86 

John Mainet 1 

John Smith 9ti 

James Parker* 9 4 

Amos Stevenst 14 

Pet T Blaokmanf 55 

John Stevens* 77 

Isaac Larrabcef 65 

William Ijarrabeef 46 

Capt. Steph. Larrabeef 58 

Thomas Larrabeef 15 

Samuel Larralieef S'.» 

Henry Coombsf 7:i 

John Provenlcrt 3 

Willii.tn Ashffllt 93 

Benjamin Larrabeej"... 92 

Roger Edwardsf- 66 

Miiihterinl Lotfi 51 

Joseph Ilarrisf 52 

Mhihle-rs' L,}ls 103 

Tobias Oakmanf 145 

Gershom Rice» 41 

Joseph Harris 25 

'Old" John Harrisf... 101 

Thomas Soulhworth*.. 84 

Thomas Bloshfieldf.... IS 

Corneliu,' Soule* 93 

John Powell* 91 

Henry Deering 33 

Joseph Malem 39 

Samuel Baker* 8 

Daniel Watts 35 

Ephraim Fenno* 23 

Edward Shove* 13 

George Feltf 69 

Moses Feltf 7 

Robert Starlord* 50 



AVilliam Scalesf 64 59 

Richard FlaggS 57 60 

Thomas Smith, Jr 19 (it 

Seth Mitchell* 75 62 

Thomas Slcarnsf 29 63 

Job Lewis* 33 64 

Jedcdiah Southworlh* 30 65 

Abiah Wadsworth* 12 66 

John Smith 83 67 

John Smiih 53 68 

Hugh Blinning 99 69 

John Powell* 95 70 

Samuel White* 10 71 

Joseph Bartlett 62 72 

John Smith, Jr 68 7.3 

John Bultolph* 22 74 

School Lot 200a 75 

Margery Steven-f 76 76 

Joseph Mitchell* 35 77 

James Mackfadden 100 78 

Barna. Scabury* 21 79 

Jonas Rice* 11 S(l 

Joseph Chandler* 79 81 

Perez Bradford 88 82 

Isaac Little* 49 83 

Nathaniel Brewer* 43 84 

Col. William Taller.. . 71 85 

Barnabas Winslow*.... 40 86 

John Smith 2 87 

David Scabury* 5 88 

Thomas Fish 67 .89 

John Atwell* 38 90 

Jacob Mitchell* 85 91 

Peter Walton 90 92 

Byfield Lyde 6 93 

John Allen TS 94 

Samuel Brown* 59 95 

Samuel Seabury 4 96 

JuhnYorkf 61 98 

William Coombs* 81 97 

Bartholomew Flagg.... 20 99 

James Bu.vton* 20 100 

James Pitson 42 101 

Middlccut Cook* 97 102 

J. Gendall's farm 102 103 

Sampson Salter* 104 



The inhabitants, whose chief occupation was hunting, 
fishing, or furnishing lumber for the coasting vessels, com- 
plained that the best timber was sent away, and that their 
lands near the water were unfit for farms. All charges were 
met by tax upon the home lots. A home surveyor was em- 
ployed that he might more readily be paid in home products. 
Wolves succeeded Indians. In 1738 six pounds bounty was 
paid for killing them. 

Building of garrisons began again in 1740. In 1744, 
Jacob Mitchell and Edward King distributed the town's 
stock of ammunition and flints to the inhabitants, and sen- 
tries were kept in the watch-boxes upon the walls. 

June 10, 1746, Nathaniel Blanchard, who was riding 
near the Falmouth line, had his attention drawn to a thicket 
by the barking of his dog. Raising his rifle, he kept it 
turned upon the point until out of sight. Half an hour 
later Joseph Sweat, of Falmouth, was shot from the same 
point and scalped, the Indian, who was in sight of the man 
in the watch-box, shaking the scalp in full view, then disap- 
pearing in the forest. Indians were troublesome until after 
1760. The settlers were compelled, for safety, to live near 
to"ether, and go armed to their work, which was commonly 
done in company, going from one man's field to another. 

The soldiers, both of the Revolution and 1812, were a 
part of the quota of North Yarmouth. 

In the fall of 1780 the schooner " Rhoda," Captain Gray, 
anchored in Broad Cove, near Anderson's Rocks, leaving 
two boys, John Barr and Perez Driukwater, to keep ship 
while the crew all went ashore. Next morning the " Rhoda" 
was missing. Arming themselves with whatever could be 



266 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



used as weapons, the inhabitants took an old sloop and 
started outside. Passing Deer's Point, Cliebeaguc, the two 
boys were found in the small boat of the " Rboda" and 
taken aboard. About eleven o'clock the night before, a 
boat from an English cruiser had slipped the cable and 
taken them off. The boys had overheard the mention of 
Jlonhegan. Steering for that place, by a pretended acci- 
dent they ran into the prize, boarded her, and set sail for 
home. Falling in with a large English schooner off Sequin, 
the next morning, they captured her and proceeded to Port- 
land, where they exchanged their prize for the raorc-necded 
substantials of life. 

GKEAT CHEBEAGUE ISLAND 

contains 1800 acres of land. The first sale was from Mr. 
Rigby, an English proprietor, to Walter Merry. In 1743 
it was owned by the First Church of Boston, Mass. The 
island is thickly settled, and supports two schools, two 
churches, and the store of Simeon Hamilton, who is also 
postmaster. Mails are received daily by Portland steam- 
boat. In 1865 it was voted that the islands be a separate 
ward, for general elections, but the Legislature did not ap- 
prove the act. 

BUSINESS INTERESTS. 

Cumberland Centre, a beautiful village of 25 dwellings, 
contains also the town-house, built in 1832; church, Agri- 
cultural Hall, and stores of Blanchard Bros., established by 
M. Rideout & Son ; C. H. Blanchard's post-office and 
Store ; Dillingham Sisters, fancy goods ; S. M. Rideout, 
wagons ; B. W. True, smith. A mile distant is the Cum- 
berland Depot. In the north are James Leighton's carding- 
mill, built as early as 1800 ; shingle-mill ; saw-mill, built 
by Geo. Hicks in 1817 ; grist- and saw-uiill, H. R. Mont- 
fort, built 1865. L. H. Wilson, West Cumberland, post- 
master, mails daily to Falmouth ; oflace in the store of 
Leighton & Wilson; store opened in 1854. Poland Cor- 
ners, eight miles from Portland, on lot 61, in the east of 
the town, is a scattered hamlet of some 20 dwellings, cen- 
tering around the site of Charles Poland's old store, opened 
in 1842, and now owned by John E. Dunn, and the Cum- 
berland station on the Grand Trunk Railway, J. N. Dunn 
station-agent and postmaster. 

The old burying-ground beside the church at Cumber- 
land Centre is the oldest, and contains most of the early 
dead, and the tomb of Eliphalet Greely, founder of Greely 
Institute. That in the west, at the Methodist church, was 
opened in 1814. There is another on the Falmouth line, 
near the shore, and one on Chebeague Island. These are 
town property, in charge of a superintendent of burying- 
grounds. 

TOWN-MEETING. 

At the first town-meeting, held in the Congregationulist 
meeting-house, Monday, April 9, 1821, David Prince, Esq., 
was chosen Moderator, and Rev. Cyrus Cumniings opened 
the meeting by prayer. James Prince was elected Town 
Clerk, and sworn before Rev. Cyrus Cummings, Justice 
of the Peace ; David Prince, William Buxton, and Beza 
Blanchard were elected Selectmen, Assessors, and Overseers 
of the Poor; Capt. Ephraini Sturdivaiil, Treasurer; Ammi 



R. Prince, Nathaniel Sweetser, Levi Sweetser, Benjamin 
Prince, John Marston, Jr., Simeon Clough, Nicholas Ride- 
out, Jr., Jeremiah Shaw, John Wyman, Elijah Allen, Na- 
than Titcomb, Solomon Loring, David Spear, Surveyors of 
Highways; Benjamin Sweetser, Constable; Nathaniel 
Sweetser, Collector ; David Spear, Joseph Smith, John 
Clough, John Pride, Joseph W. Collins, Surveyors of 
Boards and Lumber ; James Prince, Joshua Wyman, John 
Blanchard, Fence-Viewers ; John D. Blanchard, Benjamin 
Sweetser, Levi Sweetser, David Buxton, William Merrill, 
Jr., Andrew Leighton, Alexander Burr, Moses Stubbs, 
Tything-Men ; John M. Warren, Sealer of Leather ; Jo- 
seph Sturdivant, Harbor-Master. For the Island of Che- 
beague, — Ambrose Hamilton, Collector and Tything-Man ; 
Wentworth Ricker, Joiialhan and Ambrose Hamilton, 
Fence- Viewers. 

CIVIL LIST. 
SELECTMEN. 
1821. — David Prince, William Buxton, Bcza Blanchard. 
1822. — William Buxton, David Prince, Bcza Blanchard. 
1823.— William Buxton, David Prince, Nicholas Rideout, Jr. 
1824-29. — William Buxton, Nicholas Kideout, Jr., James Prince. 
1830. — Nicholas Kideout, Jr., David Buxton, Tristram Sanborn. 
1831-32. — Nicholas Rideout, Jr., James Prince, Tristram Sanborn. 
1833. — Ephraim Sturdivant, James Prince, Tristram Sanborn. 
18.34. — James Prince, Ephraim Sturdivant, Moses Leighton. 
1835. — James Prince, Moses Leighton, Andrews Blanchard. 
1830. — Jnmes Prince, Moses Leighton, Reuel Diinkwater. 
1837. — Nicholas Rideout, Jr., Reuel Drinkwater, James Prince. 
183S. — Tristram Sanborn, Moses Leighton, Reuben Blanchard. 
1839. — Tristram Sanborn, Reuben Blanchard, Joseph Smith. 
1840.— Reuel Drinkwater, Joseph Smith, William Reed. 
1841. — Tristram Sanborn, Reuben Blanchard, Nicholas Rideout, Jr. 
1842. — Nicholas Rideout, Jr., Reuben Blanchard, James Prince. 
1843. — Nicholas Rideout, Jr., Ephraim Sturdivant, James Prince. 
1844-45. — Nicholas Rideout, Jr., Reuben Blanchard, James Prince. 
184fi. — Reuben Blanchard, Sewall Blanchard, Matthias Morton. 
1847. — Sewall Blanchard, Matthias Morton, Joshua M. Rideout. 
1848. — Sewall Blanchard, Alvan Sturdivant, Joshua M. Rideout. 
1849. — Matthias Morton, Alvan Sturdivant, Moses Leighton. 
1850. — Matthias Morton, Alvan Sturdivant, Ebcnezer Hill. 
1851-54. — Moses Leighton, Asa Greely, Ebcnezer Hill. 
1855. — Alvan Sturdivant, William Buxton, Stephen Orr. 
1856-57.— Joshua M. Rideout, Nicholas L. Humphrey, Saml. Ross, Jr. 
1858. — Joshua M. Rideout, Nicholas L. Humphrey, Elijah Soule. 
1859-60.— Joshua M. Rideout, William L. Prince, Stephen Orr. 
1861.- Moses Leighton, Robert Dyer, Ebcn Hill. 
1862.— Joshua M. Rideout, Sewall Blanchard, Stephen Orr. 
1SB3.— Robert Dyer, Asa Greely, Daniel Stowcll. 
1864.— Robert Dyer, Willard Clough, David Stowell. 
1865. — AVillard Clough, Asa tireely, Samuel Ross. 
1866. — Josiah M. Rideout, Charles Wyman, Ebcnezer Hill. 
1867.— Josiah M. Rideout, William Russell, Samuel Ross, Jr. 
1868.- William Russell, Robert II. Rogers, Samuel Ross, Jr. 
1S69.— William Russell, Robert 11. Rogers, Donald M. Smith. 
1870-71. -Nicholas L. Humphrey, Ferdinand C. Blanchard, Robert 

Hamilton, Jr. 
1872.- Nichohiii L. Humphrey, Asa Greely. Reuben Hill. 
1873.- Charles E. Herrick, William S. Blanchard, Reuben Hill. 
1S74. — William S. Blanchard, Asa Sawyer, Stephen B. Hamilton. 
1875-76.— William S. Blanchard, Asa Sawyer, Ammi U. Littleficld. 
1877-78.— Daniel R. Allen, Nelson M. Shaw, Ammi R. Littlefield. 
1879.- Nelson M. Shaw, Uollis Doughty, Ammi Littlefield. 

TOWN CLEllKS. 

James Prince, 1821-36; Col. Joseph Smith, 1837: Nicholas Rideout, 
Jr., 1838-39; Reuben Rideout, 1840-41; Alvan Sturdivant, 
1842-44; Daniel R. Allen, 1845; Reuben Rideout, 1840-51; 
Samuel True, 1852-54; Aniasa S. Sweetser, 1855-59; Daniel R. 




Photo. Ly Conant, Portland. 



i£^^i^^*^^^^^^ ry^^.^^f'^^?**^^ 



Capt. EpiirvAiM Sturdivant was born in the 
town of Nortli Yarmouth, Cumberland Co., Me., 
Feb. 14, 1782. He was tliird son of David A. and 
Jane (Greely) Sturdivant, who were of German de- 
scent but of New England birth. 

Capt. Sturdivant met the usual obstacles to suc- 
cess in early life with that resolution and energy 
that chai-acterized his manhood. The first twenty- 
eight years of his life, beginning at the age of twelve, 
were spent on the sea, and before he reached his 
majority he commanded a vessel, and ever after- 
wards until he retired from the sea. In 1810 he 
imported a cargo of Merino sheep from Portugal, 
being the first ever landed in Maine. He then set- 
tled upon the farm now owned and occupied by his 
widow, Mrs. Mary T. Sturdivant, whom he married 
Nov. 6, 1843, she being his third wife. His first 
marriage occurred Jan. 12, 1809. Of this union 
were born nine children, of whom seven are living, 
— Mrs. George Clark, of Virginia ; Mrs. William 
Sparrow, of Deering, Me. ; Mrs. Stephen Allen, of 
Hallowell, Me.; Mrs. Josiali Sawyer, of Alna, Me.; 
Mrs. Joshua A. Gray ; Henry, of Freeport, Me. ; 
and Mrs. John W. Smith, of Nagasaki, Japan. 

His second marriage occurred Dec. 31, 1834, to 
Dolly S. Taylor. Of this union were born four chil- 
dren, two of whom are living, viz. : Mrs. Henry 



Newbegin, of Defiance, Ohio, and Mrs. Walter 
Wells, of Portland. 

Of his third marriage, to Mary T. Greely, were 
born four children, — Sumner; Mrs. Marcellus Lowe, 
of Cumberland ; Mrs. John E. Dunn, of Cumber- 
land ; and Clara S. 

Capt. Sturdivant took an active part in local and 
State legislation, and as a member of the Demo- 
cratic party was a strong advocate of its principles. 
He was selectman of his town for many years, and 
also treasurer. 

For several years he rejiresented his town in the Leg- 
islature, and for two years was State Senator. Capt. 
Sturdivant was continually before the public, and 
was a man of undoubted integrity, and high moral 
worth. In conjunction with Judge Preble, he bought 
tlie right of way for the Grand Trunk Railroad. 
Religiously he was a member of the Methodist Epis- 
copal Church, and a liberal contributor to church 
and kindred interests. 

He received a limited conunon-scliool education 
while young, but his life was one of constant appli- 
cation and reading, and his general intelligence only 
limited by his opportunities. His sound judgment 
and ability was generally acknowledged, and he re- 
tained the confidence of all who knew him. He 
died Aug. 31, 1868. 





I'liolo. liy Coriimt, Portland. 



MOSES TQOMES. 



JOSEPH THOMES. 




Hg5]E)lI^]Gls ©1? sa©iis fMassaisg, E;ij)iiai3isKi.AKiB, majkiii;. 




UOBEllT U. THOMES. 



MOSES THOMES. 

His father, Moses P. Tliomes, was born Dec. 18, 1780, 
in Gorham, Me., and was the only son of Deacon Ebenezer 
Scott Tiiomes, who was born in Portland, and among its 
pioneers. 

Moses P. Thomes was a farmer by occupation. He first 
married Jane Hasty. Their children were Abigail, Jane, 
Ebenezer S., Joseph, Moses, Robert H., Margaret A., and 
Mary. 

He married, second, in 1830, Abigail, widow of Jacob 
Blanchard. Of this union was born one daughter, Har- 
riet S., wife of Albert Rideout. He was a member of the 
First Congregational Church. He died March 28, 1870. 
His first wife died in 1825 ; his second wife died Dec. 18, 
1858. 

Moses Thomes was third son of Moses P. and Jane 
(Hasty) Thomes, and was born in Cumberland, Jan. 19, 
1815, to which town his parents had removed from Scar- 
borough in 181-1. He received a fair education during his 
minority. Has spent liis life as an agriculturist, except eight 
years which were spent at sea. 

In December, 1845, he married Sarah A., daughter of 
Benjamin Whitney, of Cumberland. She was born in 
June, 1819. In politics Mr. Thomes, like his ancestors, 
is a Democrat. He is a member of the First Methodist 
Church of Cumberland. 

Joseph Thomes, a brother of Moses Thomes, was born 
in Scarborough, May 10, 1812, and spent his life as a 
farmer, except three years at sea. He was a supporter of 
church and like interests, but never became a member of 
any church. He died Sept. 19, 1876. He was never 
married. 

ROBERT H. THOMES. 

Robert H. Thomes, fourth son of Moses P. Tliomes, was 
born in Cumberland, June 16, 1817. His early life was 
spent at home on the farm and at school. Upon reaching 
his majority he went to Missouri, and after two years 
began his journey to the far West, crossing the Rocky 
Mountains in 1841. He was among the first to undertake 
this, then, hazardous journey. On arriving at San Fran- 
cisco (then nothing but commons) he engaged in building 
houses and real-estate operations. In 1844 lie took up 



land, receiving deeds from the Mexican government which 
were afterwards ratified by the United States government. 
He paid particular attention to raising fine-bred horses 
and cattle, and at one time owned a herd of ten thousand 
cattle. He became the owner of twenty thousand acres of 
land, and amassed a large fortune. Prior to his death, 
March 26, 1878, he made large sales of his land to stock- 
growers, and sold the land where the village of Tahama 
(six hundred population) now is. He had no great desire 
for political notoriety, and cast his vote with the Republi- 
can party. He was a supporter of religious interests and of 
good society. His remains are buried in Tahama Cemetery, 
the spot being marked by a beautiful polished granite mon- 
ument. His portrait accompanying this sketch is a contri- 
bution from his sister Jane. He was never married. 

OREN S. THOMES. 

His fiither, Ebenezer Scott Thomes, son of Moses P. and 
Jane (Hasty) Thomes, was born in the town of Cumber- 
land in 1810, and died in 1837. He married Dolly Ride- 
out, a native of the same town ; received only a common- 
school education, and spent several years at sea. His wife 
died in 1847, leaving an only son, — Oren S., — who was 
born May 24, 1827. His early manhood was spent with 
John Blanchard, working at the carpenter and joiner's 
trade. He afterwards engaged in general merchandise 
trade, with the firm-name of Thomes & Blanchard, at 
Cumberland Centre. 

In the fall of 1877 he disposed of his interest in the 
business to attend to the settlement of the afiFairs of his 
uncle, Robert H., who died in California, leaving a large 
estate. In 1878 he returned from California, and has since 
been engaged in agricultural pursuits. He married, Jan. 
15, 1861, Abbie, daughter of Levi and Elizabeth Kemp- 
ton Eveleth, of New Gloucester. 

Mrs. Thomes is a native of Farmington, Me., being born 
Sept. 23, 1842. They have two children,— Robert S. and 
John B. Mr. Thomes is a Republican. Is now town 
treasurer, and has been president an<l secretary of the 
Cumberland Insurance Company for five years. He is a 
member of the Congregational Church of Cumberland, 
and holds the office of deacon in that church. 




TLoto, by Couant, Portland. 




iVEcymzmciE ©j^ e[f"il£?3 



.•UB]!)^^^^^^!), IKJJllIilS. 



TOWN OF CUMBERLAND. 



207 



Allen, 1S60-6 1 ; Amasa S. Sweetser, 1862 ; Daniel R. Allen, 1S63- 
6o; David L. Blanohard, 1366; Amasa S. Sweetser, 1S67-79. 

TREASUREBS. 

Ephraim Sturdivant, 1821-32; William Buxton, 1833-36; Joseph 
Sturdivani, 1837; Jonathan Greely, 1838-11; Ephraim Sturdi- 
vant, 1842-13; Jonathan Greely, 1814-51; Nicholas D. Hum- 
phrey, 1855-60 ; Willard Clough, 1861; Nicholas D. Humphrey, 
1862: Willard Clough, 1863-67; Charles Wyman, 1868-69; Na- 
thaniel L. Humphrey, 1870; Asa Sawyer, 1871-73; Solomon T. 
Morrill, 1874-77; William R.York (Lyman P. Sturdivant, va- 
cancy), 1878; Orrin S. Thomes, 1879. 

CONSTABLES. 

Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., 1821 ; Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., Wentworth 
Rieker, 1822; Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., Stephen Bennett, 1S23 ; 
Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., John Blanohard, Wentworth Rieker, 
1824; Benjamin Sweetser, Nathaniel Sweetser, AVentworth 
Rieker, 1825 ; Benjamin Sweetser, Levi Sweetser, Jonathan 
Hamilton, 1826: Levi Sweetser, Jonathan (Jreely, Barnewell 
Johnson, IS27: Levi Sweetser, Benjamin Sweetser, John Ch-in- 
dler, 1828: Levi Sweetser, Moses Leighton, Wentworth Rieker, 
Reuben Rideout, Jr., 1829; Levi Sweetser, James Hamilton, 
1830 ; Reuben Rideout, Jr., Matthias Morton, Daniel Morse, 1831 ; 
Levi Sweetser, Daniel Morse, 18.'i2; Levi Sweetser, Charles Hill, 
1833; Judah Chandler, Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., 1834; Benjamin 
Sweetser, Charles Hill, 1835; Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., Benjamin 
Mitchell, Jr., 1836-37; Joseph Waterhouse, Ebenezer Hill, 1838; 
Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., James Hamilton, 1839; Benjamin Sweet- 
ser, Jr., Samuel Rcss, Levi Sweetser, 1840; Daniel Morse, Jr., 
1841; Benjamin Sweetser, Daniel Morse, 1S42; Benjamin Sweet- 
ser, Daniel Morse, Jr., 1843; Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., Ebenezer 
Hill, 1844-46: Benjamin Sweetser, Jr., James Hamilton, 1847; 
Benjamin Sweetser, Daniel Morse, Jr., 1848 ; Joel Prince, Jr., 
AVilliam Littlefield, 1849-50; Joel Prince, Jr., Jacob Sawyer, 1851- 
52; Joel Prince, Jr., James Hamilton, 1853 ; Willi.nn Clough, 
Jacob Sawyer, 1854; William D. Sweetser, Albert Worden, 1855; 
William D. Sweetser, James M. Hamilton, 1856; Reuben Ride- 
out, Samuel N. Brackett, 1857; Reuben Rideout, Robert Ham- 
ilton, 1858-59; Reuben Rideout, Robert Hamilton, 1860; Wil- 
liard Clough, William Bennett, 1S61; Reuben Rideout, William 
T. Littlefield, 1862; Willard Clough, Isaac Strout, 1863; Reuben 
Rideout, William T. Littlefield, 1864; Levi Lufkin, William T. 
Littlefield, 1805; Reuben Rideout, William T. Littlefield, 1866; 
Levi Lufkin, Horace Henley, 1867; Levi Lufkin, James John- 
son, 1868-70; William S. Blanohard, John A. Hamilton, 1871- 
72; Levi Lufkin, John A. Hamilton, 1873-79. 

COLLECTORS. 
Nathan Sweetser, 1821-22; William Reed, Jr., 1823; Levi Sweetser, 
1824-25; Zenas Prince, 1826; Levi Sweetser, 1827-28; George 
Hieks, Jr., 1829; Beza Blanchard, 1830 ; Zenas Pnnee, 1831-32; 
Simeon Clough, 1833; Zachariah Field, Jr., 1834; Simeon 
Clough, 1835; Levi Sweetser, 1836-37: Joseph Waterhouse, 
1838; George Hieks,* 1839; Levi Clough, 1840; Beza Blanch- 
ard, 1841; Charles Poland, 1842-45; Willard Clough, 1846; 
Robert Leighton, 1847-48; Reuben Blanchard, 1849-52; Samuel 
True, 185:J-60; Willard Clough, 1861; Samuel True, 1862; Jo- 

* George Hicks died at Cumberland, on Sunday morning, Sept. 21, 
1879, at the age of ninety-nine years and seven months. If he had 
lived till February next he would have completed his century of life. 
He had for many years been the patriarch of the whole community, 
easily remembering a time when not a living inhabitant of the town 
was born. His powers of mind and of body were wonderfully pre- 
served, excepting only that his hearing of late years has been im- 
paired. He was remarkably straight and wonderfully vigorous, easily 
reading without glasses. His whole life, or nearly all of it, had been 
spent in Cumberland. He was a very industrious and a strictly up- 
right man in all his dealings, — a kind friend and obliging neighbor. 
He served for some time as a fifer in the war of 1812, and was a pen- 
sioner at the time of his death. A short time before his death a 
friend said to him, "I hope you will live to be a hundred." Mr. 
Hicks replied, " I don't think I shall ; 1 do not wish it." 



seph M. Drinkwater, 1863-65; Samuel A. Sweetser, 1866-70; 
Asa Sawyer, 1871; Charles M. Farwell, 1872-73; Alvan Leigh- 
ton, 1874-76; Charles M. Farwell, 1877; Charles E. Herrick, 
1878-79. 

SPECIAL COLLECTORS FOR GREAT CHEBEAOUE AND THE 
ISLANDS. 

Ambrose Hamilton, 1821; Stephen Bennett, 1823; Alexander Barr, 
1824; Joel Rieker, 1828; John Hamilton, Jr., 1829; James 
Mitchell, Jr., 1830; Enoch Littlefield, 1833; Richard Hutchin- 
son, 1834; Judnh Chandler, 1835; Richard Hutchinson, 1836 
-38 and 1839; Ebenezer Hill, 184.3-41 and 1S47; Stephen Orr, 
1852; James M. Hamilton, 1.S56. 

CHURCHES. 

THE SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH IN NORTH 
YARMOUTH, 

now the Congregational Church of Cumberland, was or- 
ganized at the house of Mr. Betliuel Wood, Sept. H, 1793. 
It was recognized by an ecclesiastical council. Nov. 27, 
1793. The original members were Ozias Blanchard, Ben- 
jamin Buxton, David Prince, Thomas Pratt, Joab Black, 
Stephen Harris, A.sa Chase, Bethuel Wood, Jeremiah 
Blanchard, Samuel York, William Sweetser, Samuel Baker, 
Jr., William Blanchard, James Prince, Samuel Bacon, 
Nathaniel Lufkin, John Shaw, William Hamilton, Nathan- 
iel Blanchard, Jr., Eliah Mitchell. 

A " Mr. Gregg" — probably Rev. William Gregg — and 
a Rev. " Mr. Porter" — probably Rev. Nathaniel Porter — 
preached here for a short time, and Rev. Rufus Anderson 
for some time before the organization of the church. Rev. 
Rufus Anderson was pastor from Oct. 22, 1794, to Oct. 1, 
1804; Rev. Amasa Smith, from Oct. 22, 1806, to May 1, 
1820; Rev. Samuel Stone, from .May 9, 1821, to Nov. 21, 
1829; Rev. Isaac Weston, from Oct. 20, 1830, to June 
10, 1840; Rev. Joseph Blake, from March 3, 1841, to 
April 18, 1859 ; Rev. Ebenezer Jordan, acting pastor from 
Sept. 15, 1859, to May, 1870; Rev. Uriah Small, acting 
pastor from April, 1870, to April, 1871 ; Rev. Gilbert B. 
Richardson, from Aug. 27, 1871, to April 22, 1874; Rev. 
Freeman S. Perry, acting pastor from July 26, 1874, to 
the present time. 

Deacons. — William Swoet«er, Asa Chase, Jeremiah 
Blanchard, David Prince, Salathiel Sweetser, Levi Sweet- 
ser, Nicholas Rideout, Jr., Reuben Rideout, Nicholas L. 
Humphrey, Benjamin B. Sweetser,f Rufus Sweetser, Ezra 
K. Sweetser,! Oren S. Thomes.t 

The present members number 136. 

The first meeting house was built during the summer of 
1792, but was not entirely finished until the summer of 
1798. The date of dedication is not known. 

The second meeting-house, nearly on the site of the first, 
was dedicated Nov. 8, 1831. It was remodeled during 
Mr. Jordan's pastorate, and refitted and frescoed in 1877. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 
The first Jlethodist class was formed in West Cumber- 
land about the year 1800. A society was formed in 1813, 
with Edmond Allen, clerk, and a meeting-house erected by 
Ozmi Harris, Hezekiah Winslow, and Jonathan Pearson, 

f Present officers. 



2C8 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



committee. Rev. James Jaques was regular pastor in 1825, 
with a eliureh of 15 mombei-s, including John Marston and 
wife, Sarah Wilson, and members of the Jordan, Brackctt, 
and Wiiislow families. This church became a separate 
appointment in 1844, and has since been under the appoint- 
ment of the following pastors : 

Revs. J. S. Rice, 1844; J. Clough, 1845-4G; David 
Copeland, 1847; J. Lord, 1848-49; S. S. Cummings, 
lS5t)-51; S. Ambrose, 1852; L. B. Knight, 1853; N. 
Ilobert, 1854; Jesse Stone, 1855-56; N. D. Centre, 
1857-58 ; Asa Green, 1859 ; W. C. Stevens, 1861 ; L E. 
Baxter, 18G3; R. C. Bailey, 1864; S. V. Gerry, 1866-68; 
J. W. Howes, 1809; John Sanborn, 1870-71; E. San- 
born, 1873; J. Sidstono, 1874; E. Sanborn, 1875; C. S. 
Mann, 1876; M. Harriman, 1877; E. Gerry, Jr., 1878; 
G. W. Barber, 1879. 

A parsonage was built near the meetinghouse in 1843. 

The house of worship was rebuilt in 1848, and dedicated 
by Rev. Joseph Jenne. 

The present membership is 35. Officers : C. PL Blanch- 
ard, Jesse Treat, Class-Leaders ; C. H. Blanchard, Moses 
Thomes, M. Huston, Stewards; N. B. Wilson, C. H. 
Blanchard, "M. Thomes, M. Huston, G. Purington, J. 
Treat, A. J. Dearborn, Trustees. 

The Cumberland and Falmouth Methodist Episcopal 
Society was formed as the result of meetings held by Rev. 
Joel Winch, in the school-house near the present church, 
in 1808. Edward Whittle, Martin Ruter, and Rev. 
Joshua Taylor also preached before a class was organized. 
In 1826 a class of twelve was organized by Rev. Mr. Tay- 
lor, and a church formed in 1831. The meeting-house was 
erected on the town-line, by a corporation of persons who 
were not members. Among the first members were Animi 
Prince, Joseph York, Jr., Alvan, Cyrus, and Epliraim 
Sturdcvant, Edward Small, Jane Titcomb, Lucy Barr, and 
Rachel Sturdevant. The pastors have been Revs. A. J. 
Webster, 1843 ; Joseph llawkes, Jr., 1845 ; Benjamin 
Burnham, 1846. The pastors of the West Church have 
been Silas M. Emerson, 1847-49; Charles Muger, 1850; 
Uriel Rideout, 1853; Swarton Banks, 1854; Ezekiel 
Smith, 1855; Jesse Stone, 1857; John Rice, 1858; 
Charles Blockman, 1860-61 ; John Cook, 1863 ; S. Banks, 
1864; Alvah Cook, 1865-66; Alpha Turner, 1867-68; 
0. H. Stevens, 1869; Ezra Sanborn, 1870-71 ; H. F. A. 
Patterson, 1872; 0. H. Stevens, 1873-74; B. Pease, 
1875-76 ; Charles Andrews, 1877 ; E K. Colby, 1878-79. 

The present membership is 51. 

John Newman, Elisha Duran, Class-Leaders; E. H. 
Ramsdell, Recording Steward ; L. D. Wells, L. Morton, 
George Blackman, Stewards. 

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES. 

In 1764, Nathan Titcomb, blacksmith, gave the ground 
for a school-house on his land (lot 61, now Poland), and 
David Mitchell taught school. The treasurer and selectmen 
were made trustees of the school fund of $1231, by the act 
of incorporation, in 1821. There were then .seven districts 
on the main, with Nicholas Hideout a!id Rev. Samuel Stone 
comuiittce ; and two on Chcbeague Island, Anibro.se Ham- 
ilton and Wentworth Ricker, committee. 



Grecly Institute was founded by Hon. Eliphalet Greely, 
a native of the town, who bequeathed S7000 to erect a 
building, ?20,0(»0 as a fund for its support, and $1000 
to purchase a library. The selectmen of the town are ex 
officio tru.stces. The principals of this institute have been 
Thomas J. Emery, 1867-68 ; Charles Chamberlain, Isaac 
Quimby, George M. Seiders, H. Hemmingway, John M. 
Hawkes, Charles T. Hawes, and D. B. Fuller, 1878-79. 
There are now 10 districts in the town, with 412 scholars, 
and 85600 worth of school property. Supervisor of schools, 
Lyman P. Sturdivant. 

The towTi has had no lawyers. 

Its physicians have been Frank L. Hall, M.D., located at 
Cumberland Centre, in 1867, succeeded by his brother, AV. 
W. Hall, 31. D.; and in June, 1879, by C. T. Monlton, 
M.D. These were all graduates of Bowdoin Medical College. 

Among the prominent men of the town were Walter 
Gendall, John Powell, Seth Mitchell, Alexander Barr, 
Onesiphorous Fisher, Nathaniel Blanchard, Ephraini Sturdi- 
vant, David Prince, Col. Joseph Smith, Col. Samuel True, 
Nicholas L. Humphrey. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



ALBERT RIDEOUT, 

son of Joshua and Elizabeth S. (Clough) Rideout, was 
born in the city of Portland, Feb. 28, 1830. His parents 
were natives of the town of Cumberland, where he now 
resides. His great grandfather, William, first settled in 
Cumberland upon the farm now owned and occupied by 
him, and was succeeded in possession of this farm by his 
grandfather, Reuben, and by his lather, Joshua. The 
family of Rideout was among the first settlers of the town, 
and this time-honored homestead has been in the family 
for four successive generations, a view of which may be 
seen on another page of this work. The original jiurchase 
was some eighty acres, but now contains one hundred and 
fifty acres. 

At the age of nine years he went with his parents from 
Portland and settled on this farm, where he has resided 
since. In 1860, February 2d, he married Harriet S., 
daughter of Moses P. and Abigail (Pratt) Thomes, of Cum- 
berland. They have had three children, two of whom are 
living, viz., Elmer E. and Oscar L. Mr. Rideout ranks 
among the representative agriculturalists of Cumberland 
County, and is known as a citizen of reliability and integ- 
rity in all of his relations in life. He is a member of the 
Republican party, and a promoter of all enterprises tend- 
in"; to the good of his town or its citizens. 



ANDREW R. BASTON, 

son of Daniel and Olive (Ring) Baston, was born in the 
town of North Yarmouth, May 31, 1820. He received 
only a common-school education, and upon reaching his 
majority started in life for himself by working on a farm. 
In 1844 he purchased a farm in North Yarmouth, and the 
same year married Lucy, daughter of Nehemiah and Be- 




Plioto. Ly OonauLPurtlauJ. 



^//yLA/f' ^^.d^^ni//' 




BliDPlK)©! ©? AlLSHaT KOOl'SyTT, ©lli)SaiSl!a[Lai?3©, BfflJiDKIlS. 




Undi^cc^ ■ t/b ■ yjdAyfc7z.' 







RESIDENCE OF THE WTE ANDREW R.BASTON, CUMBERLAND, ME 



TOWN OP FALMOUTH. 



269 



thiah (Maxfield) Lufkin, of that town. Their children 
were eight, four of whom are living, viz., Olive R., wife of 
Capt. Frederick Crickett, who is now at sea couiniandin" 
tlie ship " Bertha ;" Sewall, of North Yarmouth ; Lucy 
Jane, and Isabel. Sewall Baston married Laura F. Swett, 
of Cumberland, June 14, LS74. 

In 185(), Mr. Baston sold his farm and purchased the 
one now owned and occupied by his widow in tlie town of 



Cumberland, a view of which may be seen on another page 
of this work under his portrait. 

Blr. Baston spent liis life as an industrious farmer, never 
aspired to any publicity or political office, was identified 
with the Itepublican party, and known as a man of correct 
habits and integrity in all liis business relation.s. lie was 
a promoter of good, and a supporter of church and like 
interests. He died May 17, 1877. 



FALMOUTH. 



BOUNDARIES AND NAME OF THE TOWN. 

Falmouth originally embraced all the territory now in- 
cluded in the towns of Cape Elizabeth, Westbrook, Deering, 
Falmouth, and the city of Portland. The limits of the 
town wore described in a general way in the compact of 
submission to Mas.sachusetts made in 1658, but they were 
afterwards to be more particularly marked out by the in- 
habitants themselves, or in case of their neglect to do so, 
the next County Court was authorized to appoint commis- 
sioners for that purpose. The people not having fixed the 
boundaries, the General Court, at its session in 1659, ap- 
pointed Capt. Nicholas Shapleigh, Abraham Preble, Ed- 
ward Rishworth, and Lieut. John Saunders to run the 
dividing lines of Falmouth, Saco, and Scarborough. This 
committee attended to the service, and reported " that the 
dividing line between Scarborough and Falmouth shall be 
the first dividing branches of Spurwink River, from thence 
to run up into the country until eight miles be expired ; 
and that the easterly bounds of Falmouth shall extend to 
the Clapboard Islands, and from thence shall run upon a 
west line into the country till eight miles be expired." The 
western boundary corresponded precisely with what is now 
the western boundary of Cape Elizabeth, the latter town 
having been taken from it in 1765. The eastern line as at 
first run corresponded with the exterior line of the State 
as then claimed by Massachusetts, but this line was after- 
wards changed so as to run northwest from the white rock 
opposite Clapboard Island, referred to in the survey of the 
eastern line of the province by Massachusetts. The east 
and the west lines were thus made parallel, both running 
north forty-five degrees west, a distance of over eight miles 
from the sea. The rear line was a few rods over ten miles 
long, and thus the original tract contained, besides the 
islands included in it, over eighty square miles. It cm- 
braced also Richmond Island and the other islands opposite 
to it along the coast. 

Such was ancient Falmouth, which up to the time of its 
erection as a town went by the name of Casco, the general 
name applied to the settlements along the bay. It was 
reduced to its present dimensions by the separation of Cape 



Elizabeth in 1765, Portland (or the Neck) in 1786, and 
Westbrook (including Peering) in 1814. "The name 
which was given to this town was borrowed from that of 
an ancient town in I]ngland, standing at the 7noHth of the 
river Fal in Cornwall, and hence called Fidinouth. This 
river, after passing through a part of Cornwall, discharges 
into the British Channel, forming at its mouth a spacious 
harbor."* Several of the early settlors were from that 
place, and naturally enough gave the name of their old 
home to the new settlement. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The first occupation of any part of Falmouth by a Eu- 
ropean was of Richmond Island, by Walter Bagnall, in 
1628. He occupied the island without any title, living 
entirely alone, and for several years carrying on a lucrative 
trade with the Indians. His cupidity brought upon him 
the vengeance of the natives, and they put an end to his 
life on the 3d of October, 1631. 

Within two months after the death of Bagnall a grant 
was made bj' the Council of Plymouth, bearing date Dee. 
1, 1631, to Robert Trelawny and Moses Goodyeare, mer- 
chants of Plymouth, England, which included this island 
and all the present town of Cape Elizabeth. The patentees 
appointed John Winter, who was then in this country, 
their principal agent. A copy of the grant was immedi- 
ately sent to him, and on the 21st of July, 1632, he was 
put in possession of the tract by Richard Vines, of Saco, 
one of the persons appointed by the grantors for that pur- 
pose. 

George Cleaves and Richard Tucker had previous to this, 
in 1630, established themselves on the cape, near the mouth 
of the Spurwink River. They had selected one of the 
most valuable spots in the grant, and claimed to hold against 
Winter 2000 acres of land and their improvements. They 
were, however, forcibly ejected, and Cleaves and Tucker 
became the first settlers on the Neck, now Portland. 
Cleaves, in 1640, after a regular court had been estab- 
lished by Sir Ferdinando Gorges, brought action of trespass 

* Willis' History of Portlaml, p. 6;t. 



270 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



against Winter to recover damages for his removal. The 
jury brought in a verdict for the plaintiff of the house and 
four acres of land adjoining, £80 damages, and 12«. Gd. 
for cost of court. Winter soon built a ship upon the isiandi 
established a place for fishing, and engaged in commerce 
and agriculture quite extensively. 

" The fish were undoubtedly cured on the i.slands and 
neighboring main, and must have afforded employment to 
a large number of men. 

'■ Winter died in 1G45, leaving a daughter, Saiah, the wife 
of Robert Jordan. Jocelyn says of Winter, that he was 
' a grave and discreet man ;' and his management of the 
plantation proves him to have been an enterprising and in- 
telligent one. He had much difficult}' with George Cleaves 
respecting the right to the soil both on the Spurwink and 
on the north side of Casco River, which, although su.spcnded 
during the latter part of Winter's life, was revived by his 
successor. 

" In 1636, Cleaves went to England, and procured of Gor- 
ges, who had ac(|uired a title to the province of JMainc, then 
called the Province of New Somersetshire, a deed to himself 
and Tucker of a large tract in Falmouth, including the 
Neck on which they had settled. This deed was dated 
Jan. 27, 1637, and was in the form of a lease for two 
thousand years : it conveyed, in consideration of £100 ster- 
ling and an annual quit-rent, the following-described tract: 

" ' Beginning nt the furthermost point of a neck of land called by 
the Indians Machegonne, and now and forever from henceforth to bo 
called or known by the name of Stogumnior, and so along the same 
westerly as it tcndeth to the first falls of a little river issuing out of 
a very small pond, and from thence over land to the f.ills of Pesumsca,* 
being the fir."t falls in that river upon a strait line, containing by es- 
timation from fall to fall, as aforesaid, near about an English mile, 
which, together with the said Neck of land that the said George 
CIccvcs and the said Richard Tucker liiivc plaided for divert t/cnrs 
a/rcaily expired, is estimated in the whole to be 1600 acres or there- 
abouts, as also one island adjacent to said premises, and now in the 
tenor and occupation of said George Cleeves and Richard Tucker, 
commonly called or known by the name of Hogg island.' 

" Possession was given by Arthur Macworth, by appoint- 
ment of Gorges, to Cleaves and Tucker, June 8, 1637. 

" While Winter was pursuing his commercial speculations 
on the Spurwink, and Cleaves and Tucker were enlarging 
their, borders on the north side of Casco River, another 
settlement was set on foot within the limits of Falmouth, at 
the mouth of Presumpscot River. The head of this enter- 
prise was Arthur Macworth. He must have commenced 
his undertaking as early as 1632, for we find by a deed to 
him from Richard Vines in 1635, that he is described as 
having been in possession there many years ; which could 
hardly be said of a shorter term than we have supposed. 
The deed is as follows, leaving out the formal parts : ' This 
Indenture, made March 30, in the eleventh year of Charles 
I., between Richard Vines, of Saco, Gent., for and in behalf 
of Sir Ferdinando Gorges, Knight, by authority from him, 
bearing date Sept. 10, 1634, on the one part, and Arthur 
Macworth, of Casco Ray, Gent., on the other part, wit- 
nesseth, that said Vines doth give, grant, &c., to said Mac- 
worth, all that tract of land lying in Casco Bay, on the 
N. E. side of the river Pesumsea, which now and yl;r numy 



*l'resump8cot River. 



years is and hath been in possession of said Macworth, 
being at the entrance of said river, where his house now 
slande/h, upon a point of land commonly called or known 
by the name of Mcnickoe, and now and forever hereafter to 
be called and known by the name of Newton, and from 
thence up the said river to the next creek below tiie first 
falls, and so over land towards the great bay of Casco, until 
500 acres be completed, together with one small island over 
against and next to his house.' The deed was witiies.sed 
by George Cleaves, Robert Sanky, and Richard Tucker. 

" Macworth was one of the most respectable of the early 
settlers, and is believed to have arrived at Saco with Vines, 
in 1630." He continued to live upon his grant on the 
east side of Presumpscot River until his death. His widow 
remained there with the fiimily who settled around her till 
the breaking out of the Indian war in 1675, when she 
moved to Boston, and died there. 

Two other settlers in Falmouth previous to 1640 were 
Thomas Wise and George Lewis, though it is uncertain 
where thej' came from, or the exact date of their arrival. 
Lewis, previous to 1640, had received a grant of 50 acres 
of land at Back Cove from Cleaves and Tucker, upon which 
he lived. In 1657 he received an additional grant of 50 
acres, and his son John one of 100 acres adjoining. Here 
Lewis lived and died. " On the 29th of September, 1640, 
Cleaves and Tucker conveyed to Thomas Wise and Hugh 
Mosier 200 acres of land, 'beginning at a little plot of 
marsh, west side, to the northeast of their now diteliiiig- 
hovse, and next adjoining land of widow Hatwell, thence 
along the water-side until they come to the western side of 
the marsh, and so far as the well in the creek by George 
Lewis\ and thence to run northwest into the woods.' " 

Widow Hatwell (or properly Atwell) here referred to 
had land upon Martin's Point. She afterwards married 
Richard Martin, from whom the point received its name.j' 

Wise and Mosier continued a few years upon their grant. 
Mosier left it first, and went farther down the bay, where 
he died, leaving two sons, James and John. James ad- 
ministered upon the estate in 1666. 

The two brothers occupied two islands, now in Frecport, 
called Great and' Little Mosier's, but since, by corruption, 
the Moges. 

Wise was an early inhabitant of Saco, from which place 
he came to Falmouth. He also moved farther down the 
bay, and sold his land to Nathaniel Wallisin 1658. Willis, 
in his " History of Portland," says, " We are thus able to 
show, upon indisputable authority, that as early as 1640 
there were at least nine fainilies in Falmouth, viz., Atwell, 
Cleaves, Lewis, Macworth, Mitton, Mosier, Tucker, Winter, 
and Wise, of whom four were settled at Back Cove, three 
upon the Neck, one east of Presumpscot River, and another 
on Richmond's Island ; in addition to whom were Robert 
Jordan, who, we suppose, was not yet married to Winter's 
daughter, and the numerous persons employed by Winter 
in his business, and tlie persons employed by other 
settlers."! 

t Willis' Hist. Portland, p. 38. 

% Richard liradshaw had lived at Spurwink, where he had been put 
in possession' by Capt. Walter Noalc, of Piscataquu, in IGull, but he 
had sold to Tucker previous to the grant to Winter. 



TOWN OF FALMOUTH. 



271 



At this time there was but one store of goods or general 
place of traffic in the settlement ; that was kept by Winter, 
on Richmond's Island. At the first court, established by 
Gorges in 1G40, Winter was presented by the grand jury, 
consisting of twelve persons, of whom were Cleaves, Mac- 
worth, and Tucker, for irregularity in his dealings. He 
was charged with keeping down the price of beaver and 
exacting too much profit upon his liquor and powder and 
shot. It appeared in evidence that he paid £7 sterling a 
hog.shead for brandy, and sold it at 20 pence a quart, which 
would be about £33 sterling for a hogshead, and powder at 
three shillings a pound, for which he paid but 20 pence. 
A detail of this case may be interesting. The return of 
the grand jury is as follows : 

"We present John Winter, of Richmond island, for that Thomas 
Wise, of Casco, hath declared, upon his oath, that he paid to John 
Winter a noble for a gallon of aquaritap about two months since, 
and that he hash credibly heard it reported that .«aid Winter bought 
of Mr. George Luxton, when he was last in Casco bay, a hogshead of 
aquavitae for £7 sterling, about nine months since. Mr. John Baley 
hath declared, upon his oath, that about eight months since he bought 
of Mr. J. Winter si.t quarts of aquavitae at 20(1. the quart; he 
further declared he paid him for commodities bought about the same 
time about six pounds of beaver, at 6s. the pound, which he himself 
took at 8». the pound ; John West also declared that he bought of ,T. 
AVinter a pottle of aquavitae at 20f/. the quart, and shot at -id. a 
pound. Richard West, one of the great inquest, declared that Thomas 
Wise, -of Casco, coming from Richmond island, and having bought of 
Mr. J. Winter a tiaggott of liquor, aquavitae, for which he paid him 
as he said a noble, asking myself and partner if we would be pleased 
to accept a cupp of noble liquor, and how that he saw Mr. Winter pay 
abord Mr. Luxton's ship, for a hogshead of the same liquor, £7 ster- 
ling when he was last in Casco bay. Michael Milton, upon oath, de- 
clares that he hiith bought divers times of Mr. J. Winter powder and 
shott, paying him for powder 3«. and for shott 'id. the pound, and 
likewise for aquavitae, 68. Sd. the gallon. And he further declarcth 
that he hath heard Mr. Richmond declare in the house of Mr. (ieorge 
Cleeves and Richard Tucker that he sold powder to Mr. Winter for 
20f/. or 22d. the pound. lie further declared that he hath heard by 
the general voice of the inhabitants in those partes grievously com- 
plaining of his hard dealing both in his great rates of his commodi- 
ties and the injury to them in thus bringing dovpn the price of 
beaver. . . ." 

At the next session the parties entered into the fol- 
fowing agreement for referring all their controversies : 
" Sacoe, June 28, 1641. Whereas divers differences have 
heretofore been between Mr. George Cleaves, and Mr. John 
Winter, the parties have now agreed to refer themselves to 
the arbitration of Mr. Robert Jordan, Mr. Artliur Mac- 
worth, Mr. Arthur Brown, and Richard Oimesby, for tlie 
final ending of all controversies, and bind ourselves each to 
the other, in an assumpsit of £1000 sterling, to stand to 
the award of these arbitrators, and if these arbitrators shall 
not fully agree, Mr. Batchelder chosen to be an umpire for 
a final ending of the same," The same day the following 
award was made; "June 28, '41. An award made be- 
tween George Cleaves, Gent., and John Winter, made by 
the arbitrators within named. Whereas the jury have 
found £80 sterling damage, with 4 acres of ground, and 
the hou.se at Spurwink for the plaintiff' — hereunto granted 
on both parties, that the house and land siiall be due unto 
Mr. Winter, and £60 sterling to the plaintiff", presently to 
be made good. Whereas there hath been found by the 
jury in an action of interruption of a title of land for the 
plaintiflF, the same I ratify : whereas, also, there is a scandal 



objected by Mr. Winter against Mr. Cleaves, from words of 
defamation, it is ordered of said Mr. Cleaves, shall cbris- 
tianly acknowledge his failing therein against Mr. Winter 
his wife for present before the arbitrators, and afterwards 
to Sirs. Winter. Stephen Batchelder. Agitated by us, 
Robert Jordan, Richard Ormesby, Arthur Macworth, Ar- 
thur Brown." 

This award probably had the effect of suspending hostil- 
ities ; but after Winter's death the controversy for the title 
on the nortli of Fore River was revived, and strenuously 
maintained, by Robert Jordan.* 

Before the submission to Massachusetts, in 1058, besides 
the thirteen persons who subscribed to the compact, a number 
of others had settled in the town. We give the names and 
places of the settlers at this date, from Willis, as follows : 
" On the east side of Presumpscot River, lived James 
Andrews, Jane Macworth, Francis Neale, and Nathaniel 
Wliarff". On the west side of that river, Robert Corbin, 
John Phillips, Richard Martin, the settler at Martin's Point, 
opposite Macworth's Point ; at Back Cove, George Inger- 
soll, George Lewis, John Lewis, and Nath'l Wallis. On 
the Neck, lived George Cleaves, Michael Mitton, and 
Richard Tucker. At Purpooduck, Joseph Phippen, Samp- 
sou Penley, Thomas Staniford, Nicholas White, and proba- 
bly John Wallis, — Robert Jordan is the only name we meet 
with i'rom Spurwink ; Francis Small lived at Capisie, on a 
tract of land he purchased of the Indians." 

FIRST MILLS IN rALMOUTH. 

On the 10th of August, 1657, George Cleaves conveyed 
to John Phillips 50 acres of laud on the southwest side of 
the Presumpscot River, adjoining the last falls in that river, 
and " between said mill falls and Richard Martin's land." 
On the 3d of June, 1658, he conveyed to him 50 acres 
more, " adjoining the now dwelling-house of Phillips." In 
the latter deed Phillips is described " of Casco Bay, mill- 
icri(/ht." In 1662, Cleaves confirmed to Phillips his former 
conveyances, speaking of them as containing 250 acres, 
with " mill-privileges," etc. Phillips w;ts a Welshman, 
and had previously lived on Broad Bay, in North Yar- 
mouth, on a place which he sold before 1643, to George 
Felt. It is presumed that he purchased this mill-privilege 
for the purpose of pursuing his occupation, and established 
here the first mills ever erected in any part of Falmouth. 
Mills were erected on no other part of the Presumpscot 
River for many years aflerwards, until they were in opera- 
tion at Capisie and at Barberry Creek, iu Cape Elizabeth. 

The first notice of mills in this town which we have met 
with is in a deed dated June 8, 1646, iu which is the fol- 
lowing statement : " I, John Smith, and Joane my wife, 
now living at Caslco Mill, under the government of Jlr. 
George Cleaves, sell to Richard Bulgar, of Boston, all that 
dwelling-house which said John Smith hath in dowry with 
his wife, Joane, situated iu Agamenticus." The deed was 
" sealed and delivered unto .Mr. George Cleaves and Richard 
Tucker for the use of Richard Bulgar." Mr. Willis thinks 
that the mill designated as "Cos/.-o Mill' was situated at 
the lower falls of the Presumpscot.f 

« See History of Cape Elizabeth, 
f History of Portland, p. 70. 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



SETTLEltS IN FALMOUTH AT THE COMMENCEMENT OP 
THE FIRST INDIAN AVAR, 1C75. 

In Falmouth previous to the war there were rising of 
40 families, distributed as follows : on the east side of 
Prcsunipscot River, James Andrews, Huniplirey Durham, 
George Felt, Jano Macwortli, Francis Neale, Riehard Pike, 
John Wakcly, Jcnkin Williams, and Rebecca Wlior, who 
had recently lost her husband. On the west side of the 
river wore Benjamin Atwell, John Oloicc, Sr., Robert 
Corbin, Peter Housing, Robert Nicholson, John Nicholson, 
and John Phillip.s. Around Back Cove, Anthony Brack- 
ett, George Lewi.s, John Lewis, Philip Lewis, Phineas 
Rider, James Ross, Tlionias Skillings, Nathaniel Wallis, 
Thomas Wakely, and JMatlhew Coe's family. At Capisic, 
Thomas Cluice, George, George, Jr., John, and Joseph In- 
gcrsoll, and Richard Powsland. On the Neck (now I'ort- 
land), Thomas Brackett, Thaddeus Clark, George and John 
Munjoy (Elizabeth Harvey at this time a member of Thomas 
Brackett's family). On the south side of Fore River were 
Lawrence Davis, probably Isaac Davis, Joel Madiver, Samp- 
son Peiiley, Joseph Phippcn, John Skillings, Thomas and 
Robert Stanilbrd, Ralph Turner, and John Wallis. At 
S|iurwink were Walter Gendali, Robert Jordan, and prob- 
ably John Gray, Jordan's servant. Besides the.se, there 
were some whose locations cannot be definitely fixed : Na- 
thaniel and John Cloico, Jr., Henry Ilarwood, a shoemaker, 
Nathaniel White, and Rev. George Burroughs.* 

NEW CASCO. 

After the second Indian war, and before any settlement 
had been revived on the Neck, a fort was established on a 
point east of Presumpscot River, on a farm which had for- 
merly belonged to James Andrews. The fort and settle- 
ment here were named New Casco, to distinguish it from 
the Neck, where Fort Loyal stood, which was then called 
Old Caseo. The fort at New Casco was erected in 1700, 
was intended principally as a trading establishment to ac- 
commodate the Indians, and was supported by government 
in pursuance of the late treaty. In accordance with a reso- 
lution of the General Court, pa.ssed July 8, 1700, a "smith 
was kept there to mend the hatchets and firearms of the 
Indians at a reasonable price." Settlers soon gathered in 
the vicinity of the fort, among whom was David Phippcn, 
son of Joseph Phippen, an ancient settler in Purpooduck, 
whose house stood by the gully, on the east side of Pre- 
sump.scot River, nearly opposite Staples' Point. A Mr. 
Kent and Samuel Haywood also lived in the same neigh- 
borhood. 

On the breaking out of the war between France and Eng- 
land in 1702, apprehensions were entertained by the govern- 
ment of Massachusetts that the eastern Indians would again 
commence hostilities. To prevent this calamity, Governor 
Dudley, in the summer of 1703, visited the coast as far east 
as Pomaquid, and held conferences with the Indians. On 
the 20th of June a grand council was as.sembled at the fort 
in New Casco, attended by the chiefs of the NorildijcKock, 
Penobscot, Peiiacook, Amcrkcor/r/ln, and I'cqiiiikcit tribes. 

^Burroughs graduated at Harvard in 10711, and probably coin- 
uicuccd bi.-^ minii^try bcrc abuut 1074, altbougti Ibere watj uu cburuh 
tbcn guthtrcd. Sue Scarborough. 



The chiefs were well armed and generally painted with a 
variety of colors; those of the Amerisicoggin tribe were 
accompanied by about 250 men in 05 canoes. 

The meeting was conducted in the most friendly manner. 
The natives assured the Governor " that they aimed at 
nothing more than peace ; and that as high as the sun was 
above the earth, so far distant should their designs be of 
making the least breach between each other.'' As a pledge 
of their sincerity, they presented him with a belt of wam- 
pum, and each party added a great number of stones to two 
pillars which had been erected at a former treaty, and called 
the Two Brothrrs, in testimony of their amicable arrange- 
ment. The Indians, however, proved treacherous, and 
under the instigation of the Frencli soon brought on 
another destructive war."!" 

FALMOUTH rROPRIETARY. 
In 1730, Moses Pearson, Samuel Proctor, and ten others, 
styling themselves " Twelve of the Proprietors of the 
common and undivided lands of the township of Fal- 
mouth," held a meeting under a warrant from John Gray, 
of Biddeford, justice of the peace, and organized them- 
selves into a proprietary, under the statute, against the 
dissent of nineteen other proprietors. They went on making 
grants of the common lands, appropriating money, admitting 
pensons to common rights, and assuming the whole power 
over the common domain of the town. The books contain- 
ing the doings of the proprietors are now deposited in the 
office of registry of deeds for this county. In October, 
1730, they voted to sell enough of the common lands to 
raise £800 to pay the town debts. The proprietary has 
never formally been dissolved, but it has died out for the 
want of common land on which to subsist. The last pro- 
prietors' clerk regularly cho.sen was Nathan Win.slow, of 
Westbrook, who died in 1827. He was for many years 
the factotum of the company. They held their last meet- 
ing in 1826, a short time previous to which, in the same 
year, they sold at public auction for a trifling sum the 
remnant of the common property. 

TOWN OFFICERS. 
We give a list of the selectmen and other town officers 
of the old town of Falmouth, comjilete up to the date of the 
separation of Portland. The records since have been de- 
stroyed by fire, leaving a blank till 1S70; we give those 
who have been elected since that date : 

SELECTMEN. 

171S-,Sfi.— Jobii Wasf, William Scali-i", Dominiuus Jordan, five years; 
John Prichard, two years ; Benjamin Sliillin, four years; Samuel 
Moody, seven years ; Benjamin Larrabee, Richard Collier, John 
Sawyer, fiye years ; Matthew Scales, two years ; Daniel IngcrsoII, 
two years; William Roberts, Samuel Bookman, James Armstrong, 
Benjamin York, four years: Samuel Cobb, four years ; Benjamin 
Ingersoll, throe years ; John Brown, John East, six years ; John 
Perry, Joshua Woodbury, Thomas Uaskcll, Moses Pearson, seven 
years ; John Coy, John Tyng, Henry Wheeler, five years ; Ed- 
mund Mountford, James Bii.Klon, James Brickie, Robert Thorn- 
dike, three years; Joseph Cobb, (iowen Wilson, two years ; Joshua 
Moody, two years ; James Gooding, eleven years ; Thomas West- 
brook, two years; James Noble, two years; Joseph Thomiion, 

fSee French and Indian War, in the general history. 




Photo, by Conant. 




^^^^^Z-T^l^ 



cy, 




John Noyes was born in tlie town of Falmouth, 
Cumberland Co., Me., Nov. 27, 1809. His ancestors 
were among the early settlers of that town, and of 
English descent. He was the youngest in a family 
of seven sons and one daughter of Josiah and 
Susannah (Knight) Noyes, both of whom were na- 
tives of Falmouth. Mr. Noyes received a fair edu- 
cation in early life, and became impressed while 
young with habits of industry and economy. From 
1831 to 1835 he was engaged in a ship-yard, and 
was subsequently wrecked off Salem harbor, and 
lost his left arm by the falling of the mast of the 
vessel. 

This misfortune necessitated his engaging in other 
business, and for eight years he was a dealer in wool 
and pelts. In 1845 he engaged in general merchan- 
dise trade, and continued this business until 1861. 
He was in partnership with George Gallison, under 
the firm-name of Noyes & Gallison, iVoin 1851 to 
1854, and from 1855 until the close of his mercan- 
tile life he was in partnership) with John O. Luf kin. 



Mr. Noyes has held various positions of trust iu 
his town, and has discharged the duties incumbent 
upon him with fidelity and a personal interest. 

Beginning with 1846, he was clerk for twenty-four 
years, and for tw^enty-two years treasurer of the town 
of Falmouth. He has been selectman and assessor 
of the town for three terms. 

From 1851 to 1858 he was president, treasurer, 
and one of the directors of the Falmouth Mutual 
Fire Insurance Company, and for ten years, from 
1851 to 1861, he was postmaster at West Falmouth. 

Mr. Noyes' integrity in all his business transactions, 
his correct habits and prompt business ability, have 
won for him the esteem of all who know bim. He 
was first married, June 4, ] 846, to Harriet Merrill. 
Of this union were born four children, three of 
whom are living, viz., Elizabeth C, John D., and 
Arthur S. 

George E. died March 26, 1868. His wife died 
Aug. 28, 1856. He was again married, Dec. 23, 
1858, to Hannah Whitney, who died May, 1869. 



TOWN OF FALMOUTH. 



273 



three years ; Nathaniel Noyes, six years ; John Waite, four years ; 
Charles Frost, two years ; Joseph Noyes, four years j Robert 
Mitchell, Ezekiel Gushing, nine years; James Merrill, four years; 
Phineas Jones, Jt-remiah lliggs, three years; James Milk, six- 
teen years; Christopher Strout, eight years; Enoch Freeman, 
three years; John Merrill, John Robinson, five years; Steplien 
Randall, two years : John Snow, five years; Joseph Thomson, six 
years; William Cotton, thirteen years; George Berry, two years ; 
Samuel Skillin, two years; William Buckman, six years ; Enoch 
Moody, three years : William Simonton, two years ; John Waite, 
three years ; Isaac Ilsley, two years; Humphrey Merrill, fifteen 
years; David Strout, four years ; Joseph Mariner, William Slem- 
mons, nine years; E])hraim Jones, four years; Stephen Waite, 
four years ; Samuel Cobb, Benjamin Winslow, Nathaniel Carle, 
ten years ; Jeremiah Pote, Benjamin Mussey, John Bracket, Wil- 
liam Owen, Nath. Wilson, two years ; John Johnson, Jr., two 
years; Joseph Noyes, nine years; Pearson Jones, Daniel Dole, 
three years; Benjamin Titcomb, three years; Richard Codman, 
two years; Solomon Haskell, two years; Bracket Marston, 
Joseph McLellan, Samuel Freeman, Enoch Ilsley, Joshua Free- 
man, Stephen Hall, Thomas Child, five years; Daniel Ilsley, 
James Frost, two years. 
Since 1870.— B. F. Hall, Albert Winslow, S. D. Norton, ISrO; P. E. 
Hall, Joseph Newman, C. Knight, 1871; Smith Barbour, E. H. 
Starbird, Bela BLanchard, 1872; Smith Barbour, E. C. AV. Win- 
slow, G. D. York, 1S7:1 ; C. W. Winslow, G. D. York, John Noyes, 
1874; B.F.Hall, Columbus Knight, Samuel Bell, 1875; B. F. 
Hall, Samuel Bell, George D. York, 1876 ; B. F. Hall, George D. 
Y^ork, L. S. Washburn, 1877; John Noyes, George D. Y'ork, L. S. 
Washburn, 1S78 ; Silas Skillin, George D. York, L. S. Washburn, 
1879. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

1719-20, Joshua Moody; 1720-2.-!, Samuel Cobb; 1723-26, Joshua 
Moody; 1726-27, Peter Walton; 1727-30, Samuel Cobb; 1730- 
31, Moses Pearson; 1731-33, Samuel Moody; 1733-34, Moses 
Pearson; 1734-44, Samuel Moody; 1744—45, Joshua Moody; 
1745-47, Samuel Moody; 1747-50, Moses Pearson; 1750-73, 
Stephen Longfellow; 1773-80, Nathaniel G. Moody; 1780-86, 
John Frothingham.* 
John Noyes was town clerk in 1856-57, also 1370-72; he was fol- 
lowed by D. F. Small, 1872-70. 

TOWN TREASURERS. 

1719-21, Samuel Moody; 1721-22, Samuel Cobb; 1722-28, Samuel 
Moody; 1728-30, Benjamin Ingersoll ; 1730-31, John East; 
1731-33, Joshua Moody; 1733-35, Henry Wheeler; 1735-36, 
Moses Pearson; 1736-37, Thomas Westbrook ; 1737-38, James 
Gooding; 1738-39, the selectmen; 1739-40, Joseph Noyes; 
1740-43, Ezekiel Gushing; 1743-44, John Waite; 1744-45, Joshua 
Moody; 1745-46, John Waite; 1746-55, Enoch Freeman; 1755- 
66, John Waite; 1756-61, James Milk; 1761-66, Benjamin 
Waite; 1766-68, Ephraim Jones; 1768-73, James Milk ; 1773-74, 
Ephraim Jones; 1774-75, Stephen Waite; 1775-76, Smith Cobb; 
1776-86, John Waite. 
Joseph Newman was town treasurer in 1871, John D. Noyes in 

1872, F. D. Small, 1873-79. 

REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT. 

1719, William Scales; 1720, Samuel Moody; 1721, none; 1722, Do- 
minions Jordan; 1723, none; 1724, uncertain; 1725, Maj. 
Moody; 1726, Samuel Moody; 1727-29, none; 1730-33, uncer- 
tain ; 1734, Dominicus Jordan ; 1735-31), uncertain; 1737, Moses 
Pearson, Phineas Jones; 1738, uncertain; 1739, Phineas Jones; 
1740, Moses Pearson; 1741, Joshua Bangs; 1742, uncertain; 
1743, Samuel Moody; 1744, Samuel Waldo; 1745, Jabez Fox; 
1746, uncertain; 1747, Jabez Fox; 1748, Enoch Freeman ; 1749, 
Moses Pearson; 1750-52, Jabez Fox; 1753-54, Jedediah Preble; 
1755, Charles Frost (deceased), Enoch Freeman ; 1756, Enoch 
Freeman; 1757-61, Samuel Waldo; 1762-63, Francis Waldo; 
1764-65, Samuel Waldo; 1766-71, Jedediah Preble; 1772-73, 
William Tyng, Jedediah Preble; 1774, Enoch Fr 



* Also clerk of the town of Portland till 1796. 



REPRESENTATIVES TO THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. 

1775, Samuel Freeman ; 1776, Jedediah Preble, Joseph Noyes, Samuel 
Freeman, John Waite; 1777, Jedediah Preble, Joseph Noyes; 
1778, Joseph Noyes, Samuel Freeman; 1779, none; 1780, Jede- 
diah Preble, Joseph Noyes, Stephen Hall; 1781, Stephen H.all ; 
1782-83, Joseph Noyes; 1784-85, Joseph Noyes, Benjamin Tit- 
comb; 1786, Joseph Noyes, J. Frothingham. 



KELIGIOTJS. 
CHURCH OF NEW CASCO.| 

The First Parish in Falmouth was that now known as 
the First Pari.sh Churcli in Portland ; the Second Parish 
was the prtdeeessor of the. present Congregational Church 
of Cape Elizabeth, organized in 1733, when that town was 
a part of the domain of ancient Falmouth. In September, 
1753, Nathaniel Noyes, Ichabod Clark, and fifty others pe- 
titioned the General Court " to be *set oflF as a distinct 
parish." The First Parish assented to the prayer of the pe- 
titioners, and having amicably agreed upon the division 
line, an act of separation passed Doc. 18, 175S, defining 
the boundary line as follows: " Beginnning at the North 
Yarmouth line near the sea, and from thence running by 
the bay to Presumpscot River, and thence up said river as 
far as the westerly side of Mr. James Winslow's sixty-acre 
lot of land, on which his dwelling-house stands, and from 
thence to run a northwest line to the head of the townsliip, 
including Macworth's Island, Clapboard Island, and Little 
Chebeague." The number of families within these lines at 
the time of the erection of the parish was 62. 

In 1752 the First Parish had called a meeting to determine 
whether or not they would set off the people of New Casco into 
a parish, " agreeable to the frame which is set up for a meet- 
ing-house near James Wyman's dwelling-house, or so many 
as see cause to join in settling a minister to preach the gospel 
near or at said place." This object of the meeting was not 
then affirmatively agreed upon, but it was voted " that the 
inhabitants on the eastward of Presumpscot River have 
their parish-rates for this present year remitted to them so 
long as they have a minister to preach the gospel to them." 
It appears from this that they had erected a meeting-house, 
or at least a frame for one, in 1752, and had preaching as 
early as that date. This was probably by the two candi- 
dates, David Mitchell, a graduate of Harvard in 1751, and 
Isaac Noles, who had preached on probation, but were not 
accepted. Their first settled minister was John Wiswall, 
well known subsequently as the first minister of old St. 
Paul's Episcopal Church of Falmouth Neck, now Portland. 
Mr. Wiswall had graduated at Harvard College, and after 
settling on the Neck had taught a school in the First Par- 
ish, preaching occasionally to the people of New Casco. lu 
1756 he was invited to become their pastor, and was or- 
dained November 3d of that year. 

By this time considerable disaffection had arisen in the 
First Parish, and a large number of its influential members 
repaired to Mr. Wiswall's church at New Casco. Their 
leanings being towards the Church of England, and being 
desirous (as they afterwards did) of establishing a church 
of that order in Falmouth, they for some time entertained 
the belief that Dr. Wiswall would bring over the whole 



f Third Parish of Falmouth. 



35 



274 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



body of his people, or at least a majority of them, to epis- 
copacy. But in this thoy were disappointed. The church 
stood firmly fixed in the princi]>les and doctrines of Con- 
gregationalism upon which it had been founded. Mr. Wis- 
wall accepted the call of the Episcopalians to become their 
minister in 17G.^, who, meantime, had separated from the 
old parish, formed a new society, and started a subscription 
to build a church edifice. He preached in the town-house 
several Sabbaths, when, in October, he proceeded to Eng- 
land to procure ordination at the hand.sof the Lord Bishop 
of the Church of England.* 

The first meeting house at New Casco was built near 
where the road to the bay cros-ses the Sijnitterygusset 
Creek. 

Rev. Ebenezer Williams succeeded Mr. Wiswall as 
pastor. He graduated at Harvard College in 17G0, and 
settled over the parish Nov. 6, 1765, continuing till his 
death in 1799. 

At a parish-meeting, held April 3, 1799, it was voted to 
allow the late pastor's salary to continue six Sabbaths from 
his death. Rev. Mr. Gragg preached a short time, and it 
was then resolved to discontinue meetings and raise a fund 
with which to erect a new house of worship. Daniel, 
James, Moses, Joshua, and James Merrill, Jr., Benjamin 
Marston, and Walter Bucknam, were made building com- 
mittee. In response to a petition from ten freeholders, a 
parish-meeting was held June, 1802, which resulted in the 
appointment of Rev. William Miltimore as pastor. The 
first recorded meeting was held in the new meeting-house 
in September, 1808; after which both the old and new 
ones were occupied until the close of the year, when the 
old meeting-house was abandoned and torn down. 

The following have been pa.stors of the church since 
Rev. Mr. Williams: Rev. William Miltimore, July, 1802, 
to June, 1833 ; Rev. Samuel Stone ; Rev. Charles Dame, 
called May 29, 1839; dismissed Aug. 11, 1853, but con- 
tinued to supply until June, 1851. He was succeeded by 
Rev. Amory U. Tyler, who was ordained June 6, 1855, 
and dismissed Dec. 15, 1858 ; Rev. J. H. Adams became 
acting pastor in 1858, from which position he was relieved 
by the installation of Rev. Arthur N. Ward, Feb. 25, 1879. 

Deacons. — Luke Worcester, George Knight, 1799 ; 
Joshua Merrill, 1822 ; Enoch G. Sargent, Augustus Wil- 
liams, 1832; Ephraim Merrill, 1839; present deacon and 
church clerk, Alfred B. Marston ; deacon, David Wyman ; 
pari.sh clerk, Arthur Bucknam. 

In 1812 the records of the parish show the names of 98 
communicants, 34 of whom had joined previous to 177(5, 
2 in 1777, 10 in 1778, and the remainder previous to 1797. 
One hundred and fifty-eight additional members were ad- 
mitted during the next thirty years. 

The name was changed from the " Third" to the " First 
Congregational Church of Falmouth," at a meeting held for 
that purpose. May 2(5, 1835. A house of more modern 
design was erected about 1849, and the old, or second one, 
which was still sound, was abandoned. A neat chapel was 
built near the church in 1859. The parish also owns 80 
acres of woodland near the village. 

» Sec history of okl St. Paul's, rorthiiul. 



FIRST SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. 
The following extracts from " Smith's Journal," and other 
sources, give us some information respecting the introduction 
of the principles of the Friends or Quakers, and the serious 
alarm which it caused in other churches. 

"July 30, 1740.— The church kept a day of fasting and pr,\ver on 
account of the spread of Quakerism. Mr. Jeffrey and myself prayed 
A.M. Mr. Thompson preached. Mr. Allen and 'Mr. Lord prayed, 
and Mr. Willard preached, p.m. — Sm, Jour. Judge Sewall in his 
diary gives an account of the Iloegs of Newbury, who, in 171 1, be- 
came Quakers. In 1714 a fast was held in Newbury, on account of 
the spread of that "pestilent heresy."- — Cajfin. 

" Descendants of these young Iloegs visited our town last summer, 
and by their venerable ajtpcaranee, and the unchanged simplicity of 
their dress, carried us back to the dark day when their ancestors took 
their lives in their hands and ventured all things fur the faith, as they 
believed, once delivered to the saints." 

The first meeting for religious worship established by 
the Friends in this State was at Kittery, in 1730. In 
1742 a meeting was held at Berwick, and the same year 
thay appeared in Falmouth, the singularity of their dress 
and manners attracting universal attention. In 1743 a 
few fimilies in Falmouth had adopted the opinions of that 
sect, and a meeting for worship was then first established 
in the town, James Winslow being the first to join the 
society. Mr. Winslow came from Plymouth Colony before 
1728. He was a man of great influence in the neigh- 
borhood, and rendered important support to the society. 
Among others who joined in 1743 were Benjamin Inger- 
soll, Nathan Winslow, and Enoch Knight. In May, 1751, 
a monthly meeting was established for the Friends in Fal- 
mouth and Harpswell, the male members of which were 
James Winslow, James Goddard, and Benjamin Winslow, 
from Falmouth, and Edward Estes, Thomas Jones, Ebene- 
zer Pinkham, and Lemuel Jones, from Harpswell. Acces- 
sions were made continually to the society, and particularly 
from that part of Falmouth in which James Winslow re- 
sided.t Preachers occasionally visited them from abroad, 
and several of their own people " received certificates to 
travel on truth's account," among whom were Patience 
Estes and John Douglass. In 1750, Mary Curby, from 
England, and Elizabeth Smith, from West Jersey, came 
here as traveling preachers. 

In 1768 a meeting-house was built near the Presumpseot 
River, in that part of the town which still retains the an- 
cient name. It was 40 feet long and 32 feet wide, and 
stood on the same spot where their fir.st house (a small 
building) had been erected in 1752. 

The following names of the subscribers to the new house 
will probably show all the adult males belonging to the so- 
ciety in this vicinity, viz. : Benjamin Winslow, Benjamin 
IngersoU, Hatevil Hall, James Goddard, Enoch Knight, 
Stephen Jlorrell, Samuel Win.slow, Nathaniel Ilawkes, 
James Torrcy, Job Winslow, Elijah Pope, John Robinson, 
Elisha Purinton, Benjamin Winslow, Jr., David Purinton, 
William Winslow, James Winslow, Nicholas Varney, Jacob 

"f James Winslow bad n grant of land on Fall-Cove Brook, at Back 
Cove, to erect a mill on in I72S, but this falling within an anoiint 
grant, he removed northerly to the I'resumpscot River, near where its 
course is turned southerly by lilaek-Strap Hill. lie died respected, 
leaving a large posterity, in 1773. 







Photo, by Conant, Portland. 



^ ^' 



^^->.^.^u<^u^ r^ <?<^<^ 




ia!i§ai)iSJ5ii©j: ©g ©asjaviLiLi sajiLL, !?AiL5a®y7H, ssa^OKiE. 




Photo, by Connnt, Portland. 



BENJAMIN F. HALL. 




t^j^J^iiu^ ^v' ^^S'lJj'MiSi ^. i-iAlL, l?JiLM'DiJ-Si-l, iVJ^\Jj'J3 



TOWN OF FALMOUTH. 



275 



Morrell, Elijah Hanson, Jonathan Hanson, Benjamin Aus- 
tin, Daniel Hall, Pelatiah Allen, William Hall, Nathan 
Winslow. Some of these lived in Windham. 

Previous to 1774 the Quakers had been re(|uired to pay 
taxes tor the support of the ministry of the First Parish, but 
at their annual meeting in that year the parish passed the 
following vote : 

" Voted, That the following professed Quakers, living within the 
bounds of the parish, be exempted from parish rates the current year, 
viz.: Benjamin Austin, Nathaniel Abbott, Samuel Estes, James God- 
dard, Benjamin Gould, Solomon Hanson, Robert Ilouston, Daniel 
Hall, Enoch Knight, John Knight, John Morrill, Stephen Morrill, 
Jacob Morrill, Elijah Pope, James Torrey, Ebenezer Winslow, Benja- 
min Winslow, Job Winslow, William Winslow, Oliver Winslow, John 
Winslow, Samuel Winslow, and James Winslow." 

A later organization of Friends existed in the northern 
part of the town, near Duck Pond, who paid their regular 
tax to the Third Parish of Falmouth till 1804, when, by 
action of the parish, they were exempted. They continued 
to hold meetings until as late as 1829, but liave gradually 
submitted to the influence of emigration, settlement, and 
intermarriage with other sects, until nothing remains but 
their memory, and the spirit of tlirit't inherited by their 
descendants. David Allen, father of Josiah Allen, was a 
leading spirit among them in 1825. Their meeting-house, 
near Duck Pond, remained some years after. 

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

In 1823, Mary, wife of Capt. Jedediah Leighton, who 
had made a profession of religion in 1802, and four other 
ladies started a series of prayer-meetings, which were con- 
tinued four years ; during this time two persons were con- 
verted, and baptized by Elder William Woodsum. In the 
winter of 1829, Mrs. Leighton and others were baptized by 
Rev. Hubbard Chandler, who, with the assistance of Elder 
Zachariah Leach, organized a church of about 30 members, 
at the Popple Ridge school-house. May 6, 1829. The 
first members of the winter previous were Peter Pride, 
who was made clerk, Samuel Hicks, Mary Leighton, Frank- 
lin and Barbara Merrill, Hannah Cressey, and Lindsey 
Frye, who was made deacon. The society was joined to 
the Gorham quarterly meeting, and a house of worship 
erected at West Falmouth during the pastorate of Rev. 
Charles Bean. Capt. Jedediah Leighton was baptized into 
this church on his eightieth birthday, a hole being cut 
through the ice on Piscataquis Brook in midwinter for 
this purpose. A division occurred through Advent doc- 
trines, which nearly suspended work between 1863 and 
1873. The church has now 4G members. 

The pastors have been Revs. Hubbard Chandler, 6. P. 
Ramsey, S. Shaw, and Charles Bean, to 1840 ; Levi Hersy, 
C. Bean, Seth W. Perkins, Levi Hersy, 1845 ; James 
Crockett, 1848-49; Lowell Parker, 1850; George W. 
Gould, 1853; S.Warren, 1855; A. Hobson, 1860; H. 
Whicher, 1862 ; 0. F. Russell, 1874-78 ; II. H. Acterian, 
1879. 

Deacons. — Daniel Hobbs, 1829 to his death, June 5, 
1865. Lindsey Frye, 1829 to 1879. 

Clerks. — Peter Pride, John Lambert, and since 1850, 
Seward Frye. 



SCHOOLS. 

The town of Falmouth comprises twelve school districts, 
with 498 scholars. Of this number 125 attended school 
during the year ending March, 1879, without a half-day's 
absence. The town appropriation fur that year was 32000 ; 
State, 3519.20; school and bank tax, 3276.35. The 
schools are well conducted, and school-houses substantial. 
Many of them are built of brick. The school supervisor 
for 1879 is Miss Julia M. Thompson. 

A wooden academy building was erected on the farm of 
Mr. David McGregor, and an academy incorporated in 1834. 
An attempt was made to secure a donation of lands from 
the State. This failing, the building was afterwards moved 
to Falmouth Corner, where it was occupied for a period of 
ten years as a high school. The building has not been 
used since 1864. Dr. Tewksbury, William Richards, David 
Young, and Amory H. Tyler were the last trustees. 

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS. 
OAK GROVE LODGE, NO. 161, 

organized Aug. 13, 1866, with 30 members and the 
following officers: S. Dwight Stone, W. C. T. ; Mi.'^s P. 
Stone, W. V. T. ; M. L. Merrill, P. W. C. T. ; George G. 
Watts, W. Sec. ; Leonard S. Locke, W. F. S. ; George T. 
Lord, W. Treas. ; C. S. Merrill, W. Marshal ; M. C. Mer- 
rill, W. Chaplain. Present officers: Cyrus W. Poole, W. 
C. T. ; Enos E. Adams, W. V. T. ; Lucy J. Colley, W. 
Sec. ; Harlan P. Merrill, W. F. See. ; Albert H. Ma.stin, 
W. Treas.; David U. Young, W. Chap.; Charles K. 
Richards, W. Marshal. Present membership, 98. 

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS. 
NEW CASCO, 

in the east corner of the town, is a beautiful little village of 
45 dwellings, extending a mile along the .shore of Casco 
Bay, from the Cumberland line to near Mill Creek, and is 
a favorite resort for summer visitors. The business of the 
place consists of the store of Sargent & York, opened by 
George D. Sargent, in 1871, near that abandoned by S. D. 
Norton, in 1860 ; the grist-mill of Stevens & Co., on 
Mill Creek ; a tide-mill, erected by True & Burgin, who 
also repacked salt, in 1866; E. S. Dow & L. D. Wells, 
blacksmiths and carriage-works ; George D. Sargent is post- 
master ; mails daily ihi Falmouth Station. 

FALMOUTH, 

a station on the Grand Trunk Railway, five and a half 
miles from Portland, comprises 30 dwellings, the church 
and chapel of the First Congregationalist Parish, school- 
house, the abandoned academy building, and the following 
business, interests: grocery and provision store. Perry & 
Rose, established by Abner S. PeiTV, at the old stand of 
Albert L. Mitchell, in 1876; custom shoe-shop, A. C. 
Miller, established 1875 ; tinware manufactory, and ped- 
dlers' supply-.shop, M. S. Locke, established 1858; wagons, 
Samuel H. Anderson, established 1868 ; blacksmithing, 
George W. Merrill, established 1878; brickyard, James 
Lucas; painter, L. 0. Bean, established 1871; general 
mason, Charles B. Husted; Lucian Ingalls, postmaster; 
mails daily by rail. 



276 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



TRESUMPSCOT FALLS, 
a mile distant on the west bank of the river from which it 
takes its name, is a scattered hamlet half hidden by the 
mound like hills upon which it is built. It eontains a 
dozen dwellings; the cutting-shop of Chase, Knight & Co., 
shoe manufacturers, of Portland, the hand work of which 
is delivered to operatives in the surrounding country; and 
a neat union chapel, erected in 1879, by a corporation, 
of whom Albert Sampson and Henry Waite were chief 
officers. This chapel w;is dedicated in August of that year, 
by Rev. Dr. Carruthers, of Portland. The old store of 
Thomas Gledhill, built nearly a hundred years ago, and 
closed in 1879, is noticeable for its peculiar construction, as 
well as its anti(|uity, and is probably but little changed since 
our grandfathers, barefooted boys, clambered up its steps. 

WEST FALMOUTH, 
half a mile north of the station of that name, is a compact 
place of 15 dwellings, and contains the store of Small & 
Newman, established in 18G7, by S. R. & D. P. Small; 
hubs, spokes, and carriage-stock, West Falmouth Manu- 
facturing Company, employing 8 to 10 operatives, Alfred 
Merrill superintendent ; brick-making machines, L. R. Elder, 
established by J. S. Hobbs, inventor ; carriages, Isaac 
Shoals, J. Newman ; brickyard, F. F. Hall, established 
1858; saw-mill, Edward Merrill; job-printing, at Small & 
Newman's store ; D. P. Small, postmaster. A mile and a 
half to the eastward is the general machine- and repair-shop 
of Ira Winn, established 1808. 

A mile to the north, on Blackstrap Hill, the highest land 
in the town, a wooden tower, -10 feet high, was erected soon 
after the close of the war, by a Mr. Furbish and others, of 
Portland, as an observatory. A summer hotel was de- 
signed in connection, but never finished. From the top of 
the observatory, which is much visited, a magnificent view 
of the surrounding country, Portland, Casco Bay and its 
islands may be obtained. 

BURYING-GROUNDS. 

The most interesting, because the earliast occupied, is a 
beautiful cemetery on the point forming the south end of 
the town. This ground is regularly laid out, and shaded 
by elm, willow, and poplar, and a grove of pines which 
have grown up among the earlier graves. There have 
been many buried here in unmarked graves, the mounds of 
which are easily identified by their uniform direction. The 
oldest marked stone bears the name of Moses, son of Capt. 
Nathaniel Jones, died June 17, 1750. Near by, sleeps 
his father, who died in 1760 ; and Joseph York, died in 
17G0, aged thirty-three. Nathaniel Locke, a well-remem- 
bered early .settler, died in 1758. Capt. Increase Pote, 
who died in 1781. Deacons Ephraim Merrill and Gus- 
tavus Williams ; Doctors Ervin N. Tukesbury, and Jo- 
siah Batchelder, Rev. Samuel Stone and Rev. Ebenezor 
Williams, pastors of the old Third Church, arc also buried 
here. 

The halfacre known as the Merrill ground, near the 
centre of the town, and south of the east branch of the 
Piscataquis, is compactly filled with graves, most of which 
are marked by rough, uncut stones but a few inches in 



height. The low spruce, spreading its limbs over these, 
gives to the yard a sombre appearance. Upon the few cut 
.slates, rising above the rest, may be traced the names of 
Humphrey Merrill, died 1825, aged seventy-six ; Wood- 
bury Uslcy, died 1804; Deering Mitchell, died 1810; 
and Nathan Merrill. The burying-ground near the First 
Parish church contains the remains of Rev. David Mc- 
Gregor; James Merrill, who died 1854, aged ninety-three, 
with many members of his family, and the Pettengill 
family. In the west. Deacon Daniel Hobbs sleeps sur- 
rounded by members of the Leighton, Hobbs, and Crabtree 
families. A burying-ground on the town line, near New 
Casco, is connected with the meeting-house, erected there 
about 1812. There are, besides, eleven private or family 
grounds, in various parts of the town, most of which are 
honored by the graves of the early pioneers. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



GEORGE BRIDGHAM 

was born in Carlisle, Mass., Aug. 16, 1808. He is eldest 
in a family of nine children of George and Anna (Nichols) 
Bridgham, both of whom were of New England birth. 
His grandfather. Dr. William Bridgham, was .surgeon for 




GEORGE BRIDGHAM. 

some fifty years of the State militia at New Gloucester, 
Me. Mr. Bridgham received a good education during his 
minority, and at the age of twenty-one, with no pecuniary 
assistance, but with a will to do, commenced a business life 
for himself. After two years, by industry and judicious 
management, he was enabled to start a store in a small 
way, which he did at Sumner, Oxford Co., Me. He 
carried the first goods into that place ever sold there. 
After some three months he disposed of his stock in 
trade, and established himself in business at Buckfield 





I'lioto. by LamsDii, Portlnnt!. 



.>^>^^2^^^-~e^-<i^^^^^'r^^^^^ — • C7^^^Cc.^>^ ^^k^.,k«^- 



Photo, by Conant, Portlan( 




IRlgJOgKlSl ®i? ^©AM i?. S!/]iRl3iL©W, FAILIiaQOTKl, Ea^Diraig. 



TOWN OF FALMOUTH. 



277 



village, in the same county, and in connection with the 
mercantile business also carried on a hotel. He married, at 
the latter place, Aug. 20, 1834, Myrtilla, daughter of Wil- 
liam Cole. Their children are seven, five of whom are 
living, — George G., Georgiana, Emma G., William C., and 
Isabel. 

Mr. Bridgham remained six years at Buckficld, and in 
1841 settled at Poland Corner in business and also carried 
on a farm. The construction of the Grand Trunk Railroad 
interfered with his operations, and he settled at Auburn, 
Me., where he kept a public-house for one year, and 
returned to Poland. In 1854 he was a member of the 
Legislature from the latter place, of which he was selectman 
for three years and treasurer for one year, and also post- 
master for four years, having previously been town clerk of 
Buckfield for six years. 

In 1857 he removed to Bridgton, where he was engaged 
in the hotel business and farming for nine years. He was 
afterwards for two years a resident of Poland, and for about 
four years proprietor of the Walker House (now the Boston 
and Maine Railroad Depot in Portland). In 1871 he settled 
in the town of Falmouth, where he now resides. Mr. 
Bridgham is a staunch member of the Democratic party, 
and is always interested in all questions affecting local or 
State legislation. He is the present nominee on the Demo- 
catic ticket for member of the Legislature. Mr. Bridgham 
was many years ago connected with the State militia,. and 
for many years captain of a company. 



MAJOR ADAM WINSLOW, 
son of Hezekiah and Phoebe Winslow, was born in Fal- 
mouth, Feb. 28, 1795. He is a descendant of the fifth 
generation from James Winslow, who was born May 9, 
1687, and died Oct. 19, 1773, and who resided in Mas- 
sachusetts. His grandftither Samuel was the first of the 
family to settle in Falmouth, about 1750, as his son Heze- 
kiah was born in that town in 1763. Samuel Winslow 
took up the farm now owned by his great-grandson, Adam 
F. Winslow, about one hundred years ago, and settled his 
son Hezekiah upon it when a young man, who built the 
brick house now upon it. He was a military man of some 
note, and cherished a love for such displays until his death. 
He held official positions for many years in Falmouth, and 
during the war of 1812 received and kept safely packages sup- 
posed to contain gold and silver from his friends in Portland. 
Major Adam Winslow inherited the old homestead, and 
greatly improved it. He served in the war of 1812, and re- 
ceived a bounty of one hundred and sixty acres of land. He 
was at Portland as a musician when the British made their 
last attempt to burn it, and was one to help escort Gen. 
La Fayette to Portland on his last visit. He was a thorough 
business man, and although of limited book-knowledge his 
sound judgment and business ability led others to seek his 
counsel and select him to settle difiicult questions iu many 
estates. He was selectman, and held various official posi- 
twns. In politics he was a Democrat, and in religion a 
Univcrsalist. He married Anne Merrill, who was born 
Nov. 28, 1797, and died Oct. 17, 1877. They had nine 
children. 



ADAM F. WINSLOW 
was born in Falmouth, July 15, 1836. He was educated 
in the district schools of his own town, and, with the ex- 
ception of a single term at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary, 
at Westbrook Seminary. He is remembered at the last- 
named institution as a youth of exemplary habits, and, 
though in delicate health, as a close .student, and distin- 
guished especially for mathematical ability and attainments. 
In the higher mathematics he was the first scholar of his 
class, and received the highest prize of the institution at 
the examination in 1857. He has always taken a deep 
interest in the cause of education, and has done good serv- 
ice as a teacher of town and select schools. He commenced 
teaching in the winter of 1857, and taught one or two 
terms a year for a period of ten years. 

He married, March 12, 1863, Miss Mary A. McDonald, 
of Gorham, a lady of good education and an accomplished 
and successful teacher. Their family consists of five daugh- 
ters and one son. They live on the old hoiuestead, in the 
house built by his grandfather and occupied by him, and 
afterwards by his son, Maj. Adam Winslow, father of the 
present occupant, who has, however, greatly improved the 
buildings which now grace this fine old estate. 

Mr. Winslow is a practical and successful farmer. Bo- 
sides cultivating his large farm, he has, since the year 1874, 
been extensively engaged in the manufacture of lumber. 
For the prosecution of this business he erected in that year 
a mill on his own estate, and is able to utilize a valuable 
water-power and the timber of his own forest, and so de- 
velop an industry in his town which should be profitable to 
him as it is advantageous and helpful to others. 

Mr. Winslow is a social, genial, hospitable man, and is 
noted for his frankness, kindness, integrity, and public spirit. 
He is held in high esteem by his townsmen, whom, as the 
man of their choice, he served for twelve years as a mem- 
ber of the Superintending School Committee, or as School 
Supervisor. He was twice elected by the towns of Fal- 
mouth and Cumberland to represent them in the State 
Legislature, and was a member of the House of Repre- 
sentatives in the years 1872 and 1874. 



BENJAMIN F. HALL 

was born in the town of Falmouth, Me. (Cumberland 
County), Sept. 21, 1824. He is oldest son in a family of 
four sons and three daughters of George and Pjlizabeth 
(Hull) Hall, both of whom were of Engli.sh descent. Mr. 
Hall iu early life received only a common-school education, 
and remained upon the farm with his father until he was 
thirty years of age. 

In the year 1854 he uiarried Mary R., youngest child 
of Dr. Samuel and Theresa (Wormell) Brackett, she being 
a native of Falmouth, born Jan. 12, 1830. They have two 
children, — Mary T., born Sept. 16, 1855, and George L., 
born Jan. 25, 1857. In the spring of 1855, Mr. Hall pur- 
chased and settled upon the farm where he now resides. 
His life has been one of activity and devotion to business 
pursuits. Integrity in all the relations of life, correct 
habits, and a just regard for the best interests of his fellow- 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



citizens have been liis special characteristics. In politics 
he is a Democrat, and has been honored by his fellow-towns- 
men with the oflBce of selectman for seven years, six of 
which he was chairman of the Board. He is known as a 
friend of educational and kindred interests, and a repre- 
sentative farmer. 



GRENVILLE HALL 
was born in the town of Falmouth, Cumberland Co., Me., 
Jan. 27, 1824. He is third child and second son of Jere- 
miah and Hnldali (Winslow) Hall. His fiither and mother 
were both natives of Falmouth, and his paternal grandfather 
was a native of Kittery, York Co., Me., and became one 
of the early settlers of P^almouth. Jeremiah Hall died 
April 10, 1868, aged eighty years. He was an agricul- 
turist through life. Was prominently identified with the 
local interests of his town. He was several times elected 
as selectman of the town and held various other minor 
ofiBces. He was reared under Quaker influences, but never 
became a member of any church. He was known as a 
worthy citizen and a liberal supporter of church, school, 
and kindred interests. 

Mr. Grenville Hall was reared on the farm previously 
occupied by his father and grandfather. He received a 
good education and early learned the principles that govern 
a business life. His occupation has been farming, lumber- 



ing, and navigation. In politics he is identified with the 
Democratic party. Feb. 3, 1875, he married Miranda, 
daughter of William Field, of Falmouth. 



CAPT. ALBERT S. TIBBETTS 
was born in Lincoln Co., Me., March 26, 1830. He 
was eldest son and second child of James and Eunice 
(Brookings) Tibbetts, who were of New England birth. 
Capt. Tibbetts received a good education during his boy- 
hood. At the age of seventeen he went to sea ; when 
twenty years of age he commanded a .schooner in the coast- 
ing trade for two years. Afterwards he commanded a brig 
and also a bark. In 1862 he took charge of the bark 
" Ocean's Favorite," afterwards of the " Archer," and 
sailed her to the Platte River, Buenos Ayres, for four years. 
He sailed the bark " Sarah" and also the " Sacramento" for 
a time. He has made two voyages to Europe, and the 
balance of his twenty-five years' seafaring life has been 
devoted to the coasting trade. 

In 1853 he married Angelette, daughter of Joseph 
Sherman. They have one son living, — Ernest A. Tib- 
betts, born May 9, 1871. 

Capt. Tibbetts is a Republican in politics. He is a sup- 
porter of church and like interests, and takes a decided 
interest in local affairs. In 1873 he settled on the farm 
where he now resides, a view of which may be seen on 
another page of this work. 



FREEPORT. 



INCORPORATION AND BOUNDARIES. 

The northeastern part of North Yarmouth, formerly 
called Ilarraseeket, was incorporated under the name of 
Freeport, Feb. 14, 1789. 

This town originally extended to the New Gloucester 
line. That part north of lots 13, 12, 22, 23, 20, 21, 18, 
19, 16, and 17, in ranges A, B, C, D, and E, was taken oflF 
to form Pownal in 1808. Front's Gore, on the northeast, 
lying between the towns of North Yarmouth and Bruns- 
wick, was joined to the town by the act of incorporation. 
Otherwise, the town retains its original lines, and is bounded 
on the east by Brunswick; on the south, by Casco Bay; 
on the west, by Cousin River and Yarmouth, following the 
line between the 100 and 120-acre divisions; and on the 
north, by Pownal and Durham. It included all the islands 
intersected by an cast-southea.sterly line from Lane's Point, 
and belonging to North Yarmouth at that date. The town 
was to pay its share of the Revolutionary war debt, pay 
two-fifths of all assessed taxes, and receive its share of the 
town military stores on hand. 



FIRST TOWN-MEETING. 
Under a warrant issued by Samuel Merrill, Esq., an 
election was held March 23, 1789, at the meeting-house in 
the old burying-ground. Samuel Merrill was elected mod- 
erator, and Nathan Wesson, town clerk, when it was pro- 
posed and voted that Rev. Abraham Cummings open the 
meeting by prayer. John Mann was elected Treasurer; 
Joseph Staple, James Curtis, Col. George Rogers, Selectmen 
and Assessors; Cornelius Soule, George Bartoll, Collectors 
and Constables ; William Todd, Constable ; Bartholomew 
Reed, John Dunning, Wardens; Jeremiah Nason, Samuel 
Winslow, Josiah Cummings, William Brown, Samuel Griffin, 
Abner Sylvester, Mark Rogers, Daniel Curtis, Robert An- 
derson, Surveyors of Flighwaj's ; Ezra Curtis, Ambrose Tal- )' 
bot, Tithing-men ; James Buxton, Culler of Hoops and 
Staves; Seward Porter, Thomas Mains, Surveyors of Boards; 
James Crocker, Ambro.se Talbot, Joseph Mitchell, Fence- 
Viewere; Abraham Reed, Calvin Carver, Benjamin Parker, 
Jr., James Soule, Silas Wentworth, Noah Pratt, Hog-Reeves 
and Field-Drivers; Thomas Bicknell, Sealer of Leather. 



TOWN OP FKEEPORT. 



279 



EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The early voyagers reported fish, game, and wild fruits 
in great abundance within the waters and upon the hill- 
sides bordering the coast of the Harraseeket, but the diffi- 
culty of escape from Indian incursions prevented any per- 
manent settlement on the mainland for many years. In 
1658, James Lane ventured a short distance up Cousin 
River, on its east bank, in what has .since become South- 
west Freeport, wliere he soon after received a grant of land, 
and also of the island which bears his name, at the mouth 
of the river. About 1660, John Mosier* settled on Ho- 
sier's, since changed to Moge's Island. Richard Dummer 
occupied Pine, since changed to Flying Point, until his 
death in 1666. Richard Bray settled a short distance 
south of Mr. Lane. Nathaniel Wallis bought his improve- 
ment and claim to 55 acres of land in 1672. Mr. Lane's 
land was deeded in 1673. Wolfe's Nock was held and 
occupied by John Shephard in 1 666. Amos Stevens, 
son-in-law of William Royall, joined him in 1674. Bus- 
tin's Island wa.s occupied by William Haynes previous to 
the Indian war of 1676. At the commencement of hos- 
tilities James Lane was killed. His four sons, John, Henry, 
Samuel, and Job, fled with the alarmed settlers, who escaped 
with their lives, but lost their homes. 

Thomas Blashfell settled on the west shore of Harra- 
seeket River in 1681, John Harris in 1682, Vines Elliott 
and John York in 1682-84. William Larrabee, east of 
Cousin River, in 1685. The "waste land" between Mr. 
Wharton, who claimed three miles to the westward of 
Burgomungoming River, and B. Gedney, who claimed two 
miles eastward from Cousin River, was granted to J. 
Dummer, Simeon Stoddard, John Foster, and Walter Gen- 
dall in 1686. Pine Point was granted to Jeremiah Dum- 
mer, one of the proprietors' committee, in 1684. 

Thomas Bailey, one of the proprietors' trustees in 1685, 
was a son of John Bailey, who came in the " Mayflower," 
and ancestor of four John Baileys in a direct line, the last 
of whom was father of Seth Bailey, Sr., of Freeport, and 
grandfather of Amos J., Asa, and Seth Bailey, Esq., of 
Freei)ort village. 

Josiah Atwood settled near Cousin River, and sold his 
place to Thomas Reding in 1690. 

July 27, 1688, an Indian and his squaw came to the 
house of Samuel and Henry Lane, and were permitted to 
stay all night. The next morning they went to the water- 
side and called five other Indians. They asked for coals, 
with which they began building a fire near the house. 
Telling them of the danger of setting fire to the house, 
the Lanes carried the fire to the water-side for them, 
whereupon they fell upon Samuel Lane, who defended him- 



'^' Mosier was the son of Hugh Mosier, an early settler in Falmouth, 
but who afterwards moved farther up the bay. At the court in July, 
1666, James Mosier, eldest son of Hugh, was appointed administrator 
of his father's estate, and John Mosier and James Lane were his 
sureties. In court, July, 1666, the following judgment was rendered: 
"John Mosier fined for his offence 5». and officers' fees 5«. ; this 10». 
to be forthwith paid ; and if afterwards by two evidences he can make 
it out that upon the Sabbath he traveled purposely, as he pretends, to 
look after Mr. Lane, who that day, as the said Mosier prcteiuled, was 
in danger of being drowned, then the said Mosier is to have his 10». 
returned to him again." 



self so valiantly that they left him and began chasing his 
hogs with their hatchets. Soon after there was a general 
outbreak, and the settlement was abandoned until 1722. 
John Shephard was killed. Henry Wolfe married his 
daughter in England, came to America, and settled upon 
his claim in 1717. He received a grant of G7 acres of 
land upon Wolfe's Neck and Wolfe's Island in 1733, and 
in 1735 was one of the fifteen voters at the town election 
of North Yarmouth. His daughter, Mary, was the ma- 
ternal ancestor of Nathaniel Aldrich, grandfather of Hon. 
George Aldrich, the present occupant. 

Mr. Wolfe planted the first orchard in the town, but 
finding it attractive to the Indians, who came for the 
apples, he cut all down but a single extremely sour tree, 
which is still standing. 

James Anderson settled on Flying (formerly Pine) 
Point. Greenfield Pote, Gideon Mann, and Abner Den- 
nison settled near the Cove burying-ground and east of 
Harriseeket River. 

Mr. Boardman came previous to the survey of 1726. 
Other settlers joined them, and a block-house of hewn logs 
was built for their mutual protection. Joseph Anderson, 
grandfather of Mrs. T. A. Wilber, was born here in 1742. 
Mr. Babble lived on Pine Point in 1746. 

May 5, 1756, Thomas Cleans, grandfather of Deacon H. 
B. Means, of Freeport village, was shot by Indians while 
defending his family. Mrs. Means, who was captured, 
escaped to the house with her infant child, but was after- 
wards shot, the ball passing through the child, killing it 
instantly and dangerously wounding the mother. Her 
sister, a Miss Skinner, was captured at the same time. 
Mr. Martin, who had secreted himself in the chamber, 
shot one of the Indians through a crack in the floor. Mr. 
Bryant was killed near Cousin River. Two others were 
killed near by. Edward Brewer, a Connecticut sailor, was 
one of this early settlement on Wolfe's Neck. Ambrose 
Talbot came up the river in a canoe and made a settlement 
at South Freeport, just west of the village, and was joined 
by Henry Parker next to the creek westward. Stephen 
Weston settled near. Indians drove them out, and three 
times the woods were fired, forcing them to begin anew. 
The Lanes returned to their father's place. Jonathan 
Rice and Phinehas Stevens, who came as chainmen, settled 
in the town. James Jameson came in 1758. 

Amos Sylvester .settled on Front's Gore in 1759, wliere 
his son, Thomas Sylvester, was born in 17G0. James 
Sawyer, Seabury Winslow, Melzor Byrom, and Jonathan 
Woodbury also came in 1759, and settled east of the land- 
ing. Caleb Sylvester came in 1763 ; Joshua and Abraham 
Mitchell in 1768. William Todd settled near " Todd's 
Bridge" in 1771. Moses Cobb, Ezra Curtis, Capt. Thos. 
Curtis, Thomas Cofiin, Job Douglass, Samuel Griffin, Rich- 
ard Grant, Richard Kilby, Asa Miller, Daniel Pratt, and 
Josiah Stockbridge were all residents of Freeport previous 
to 1774. Nathaniel Jos.sclyn, a soldier of the Revolution, 
settled in Freeport, with his brother Abner, at the close of 
the war. William, Joseph, and Nehemiah Ward were 
early settlers; many of their descendants are prominent in 
the north of the town. Nehemiah Ward was a lilhing- 
man of North Yarmouth in 1753. 



280 



HISTOKY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Ill 1789 a committee was appointed to take cliarge of the 
various funds. A heavy pound of timbers, 40 feet square 
and Y feet high, was erected on the ministerial land, and the 
town-clerk was empowered to hire money to purchase a 
town-hook ! Eleven marriages were consuuniiatcd between 
residents of the town and their ladies.* 

In 1792 smallpox made its appearance, and, although 
subjected to rigid quarantine in pest-houses, caused many 
deaths. 

Twelve cents bounty was paid for killing crows. 

Williani Mitchell, being burned out in 1807, was relieved 
from tax and voted §100 from the public fund. 

In 1829 it was voted that "surveyors of highways are 
jjrohibited from furnishing ardent spirits on the road from 
the road-tax." 

A town-hall was erected, over the store of Mr. Samuel 
Holbrook, in 1831-33. This was burned in 1845. 

Among the places of historic interest are the old Wolfe's 
Point apple-tree and the cellar of the first house, a camping- 
place now for summer visitors, on the extreme point, and 
on Flying Point the site of the block-house where the pio- 
neers sought refuge from the Indians. 

The burying-ground near by contains the remains of 
Joseph Anderson, born here in 1743, and died in 1811. 

A iamily ground marks the resting-place of Joseph Mann. 
" G. M.," on a rough granite stone, means Gideon Mann, 
who was a resident here in 1746. 

On Wolfe Neck, Greenfield Pote, who died 1797, aged 
sixty-one; Nathaniel Aldrich, died 1834, aged eighty-two; 
and George Lincoln, died 1818, aged fifty-four, were most 
prominent. 

The largest old ground at Mast Landing contains Nehe- 
miah Randall, died 1790, aged forty-three; Abner Denni- 
son, died 178G, aged sixty-seven, and many other early 
settlers. 

At Freeport village a large cemetery, containing 9 acres, 
one half woodland, was laid out in 1859, and is held by a 
corporation. Among its occupants are Samuel Litchfield, 
a soldier of the Revolution ; and the remains from the old 
burying-giound, near the town-house, removed under the 
supervision of John C. Kendall, selectman, in 1878, and 
buried in a trench, some 3 rods long and 5 feet wide, close 
to the northern wall. 

A short distance south is the old burying-ground in 
which stood the first church. Capts. Joseph Potter, 
David Staples, Daniel Grant, and Samuel Jameson, Hon. 
Rufus Soule, Samuel Holbrook, Leonard Morse, Esq., and 
Lieut. John H. Andrews, of the 9th Maine Volunteers, 
who died at Savannah, Ga., 1862, are among its honored 
occupants. 

In the north, beside the old Bailey water-mill, on Royal 
River, are the first of the Hoyt, Jordan, and Plummer 
families ; farther south the Ward family, Capt. Charles 
Lambert, who died in 1872, aged ninety-seven; and the 
Cushing family ground, where rest Capt. David Hooper 
and wife, who were aged respectively ninety and ninety-one 
years. 

* Josiiih Reed, Samuel Woithly, Bcnj. Porter, Robert Townsend, 
Joseph Sylvester, Seth Carver, S.amuel Mitchell, Joshua Oardncr, Seth 
Builey, Robert Moore, Joseph Potter. 



In South Freeport Cemetery, Ambrose Talbot, who died 
in 1838, aged ninety-two; Stephen Weston, who died 1820, 
aged sixty-eight; and Benjamin Waite, died 1837, aged 
eighty-one, are earliest settlers. 

Westward, in the Webster ground, are John M. Loring, 
died 1839, aged seventy ; Richard Fitts, died 1817, aged 
seventy-one ; Samuel Soule, died 1835, aged seventy-three ; 
John Webster, died 1802, aged fifty-two; Joseph Staples, 
died 1807, aged seventy ; and Samuel Mitchell, died 1838, 
aged eighty. 

There is another burial-ground in the west. 

VILLAGES. 

FREEPORT, 
the chief village, is located near the centre, three miles 
from South Freeport, the chief landing, and is the only 
railroad station in the town. A portion of its lands were 
first deeded by Gen. Jeremiah Powell to Ammi R. Cutter 
in 1768, and to Joseph Mitchell in 1772, including 
the business part north of Main Street. In 1824, when 
Samuel Bliss opened the old tavern, it was a lively lumber- 
ing centre, surrounded by woods, from which busy lumber- 
men were fast stripping the valuable timber. Stages passing 
eastward from Portland stopped here, and the fisheries con- 
tributed to its general prosperity. The advent of railroads 
and a settled population have given it a local importance, 
and increased the village to its present dimensions. Scat- 
tered along its main street for nearly a mile 90 fine dwel- 
lings are half hidden by ancient elms. There are here a 
new and commodious town-house, three churches, a high- 
school building, a Masonic hall, and the following trades 
and manufactures : 

Machinery: J. P. Merrill, shoe-tools and general repair- 
ing; established 1870. 

Clothing: E. P. Oxnard, established 1870; furni.shes 
employment to 12 shop and 80 outside operatives. 

Shoes: Davis & Cushing, established 1872; employs 20 
operatives in shop and 30 outside, — mostly farmers, who 
have small shops near their dwellings. Harlan P. Den- 
nison, established 1S7S; 10 shop and 20 outside opera- 
tives. L. M. Bailey, established 1877 ; employs about 12 
operatives in all. 

Inks: H. M. Soule, e.stabli.shed 1878. 

General Slerchandise : Gore & Davis, established by 
William Gore and Samuel Holbrook in 1831, succeeded by 
his son. E. P. Oxnard, established 1874. Rufus M. 
Dill, established 1865. Ellis & Kilby, established 1879. 
Soule Brothers, established, 1862, by Edward S. Soule. 

Hardware: C. M. Ballard, since 1877, established by 
James P. Wecman, 1849. 

Drugs: 0. H. Briggs & Co., established 1877. 

Jewelry: G. E. Weston, established 1878. 

Millinery and Ladies' Goods: Mary Dillingham, estab- 
lished 1875. Ida J. Noyes, established 1879. 

Markets: I. M. Fields & Co., established 1878. Rufus 
M. Dill, established 1878. 

Custom Shoe-Shops: Joseph Farwell, established 1840. 
S. E. Cushing, establi-shed 1877. 

Harness ; Henry Green, established 1847. 



w #^ 




riiolo. by ('..iniiit, r..illaiHl. 



'^lA^ <yyH-i 



t 



Nathan Nye, Iwni in Sandwicli, ^Nlasi^., Fel). 
15, 1780, was the fourtli of eiglit cliildren of Wil- 
liam Nye and Eunice Handy, of Rochester. He, 
at the age of twelve, commenced clerking in the 
store of Lazelle, Perkins & Co., of Bridgewater, 
Mass., where he remained five years, when he was 
engaged as clerk in the store of John Fox, Corn- 
hill, Boston. In 1803 he went to Freeport, Me., 
and engaged in the mercantile business. In 182.5 
he took his clerk, Enoch Harrington, in company 
with him, under the firm-name of Nye & Har- 
rington, who were successful and well known in 
all Cumberland County. After the death of ]Mr. 
Harrington, James A. Nye, a nephew, wa.s taken 
in partnership, which business continued till 1848, 
under the firm-name of N. «fc J. A. Nve. 



He married, Oct. 15, 180(j, Susan Lazcilc, "f 
Bridgewater. Their children were Susan La- 
zelle, who died March 9, 1824; Eliza Francos, 
married Enoch Harrington ; Helen I>ouisa, mar- 
ried William Gore; and D. Lazelle, married E. 
P. Cutter, of Boston. Susan, wife of Natlian Nye, 
died Oct. 29, 1817. 

In 1818 he married, for liis second wife, Hannah 
B., sister of his first wife. Their children were 
Caroline M., married Rev. E. G. Paison ; and Na- 
than, who died May 17, 1833. 

Mr. Nye was a Federalist of the old school. 
He served his town as treasurer for a number of 
vears, and also represented it in the State Legisla- 
ture. In religious faith he was a Unitarian. He 
died March 2, 1870, and his wife died July 29, 1866. 



TOWN OF FREEPORT. 



281 



Carriages: L. T. Coffin, establislied 1874. Johnson 
Williams, establislied 1864. 

Coffins and Caskets: L. T. Coffin, established 1874. 

Blacksmilhs: Hiram B. Tuttle, H. W. Noyes, John M. 
Locke. 

Painter: F. M. Curtis, established 1855. 

Livery Stables: W. A. Mitchell, A. H. Kilby. 

Hotel : Freeport House, George P. Parker, establislied 
in Oxnard Block, 1875. 

Conveyancer and Justice of the Peace : Setli Bailey. 

Lawyers: E. W. Mitchell, Samuel Clark, H. G. Sleeper. 

Physicians : Ebenezer Wells, D. D. Spear, John G. 
Pierce, 0. W. Norton. 

Postmaster : J. H. Banks ; mails daily. 

MAST LANDING, 

at the head of tide on Harraseeket River, was so named 
from being the landing where masts were delivered from 
the surrounding forests for the British navy. Abner 
Dennison settled here as early as 1656. Joseph Lufkin, 
from Cape Ann, Mass., built his cabin near the bridge 
about 1778, and Aaron Lufkin, a fisherman, who brought 
with him, as an apprentice to that trade, John Griffin, 
father of Tristram R. and Ambrose Griffin, and Martin 
Anderson were also early settlers at this place. Zebulon 
Lufkin joined the others at the close of the war. The 
place had for more than thirty years previous been a mast 
landing under protection of British troops, who conveyed 
the woodsmen to and from their work. Above the settle- 
ment, now comprising fourteen dwellings, is an abandoned 
store and a school-house. Dennison's mill was here in 
1804, and afterwards a large flouring-, saw-, shingle-, and 
general wood-working mill. This was burned in 1861, 
and the site abandoned. On the west branch was an early 
tide-mill. 

porter's landing, 

at the head of the west branch, the home of Benjamin and 
Capt. Jo.seph Porter, — formerly Mitchell's Landing, — was 
the landing for Freeport, a mile and a half distant, and a 
place of activity. It was at this place Mr. Porter's salt- 
works were in operation, in 1793, for the evaporation of salt 
water. A hundred yards above the wharf, near the bridge, 
there was a tide-mill for many years previous to 1820. 
There are 20 dwellings, occupied by seafaring men and 
ship-builders, upon the hills around the landing. A road 
12 rods wide was laid out through this place, and passing 
Freeport village, in 1770. 

SOUTH FREEPORT 

is directly opposite the entrance to the free-port from 
which the town takes its name. From the earliest settle- 
ment of the town it was made the centre of a fishing trade, 
which assumed its greatest importance when, from 1825 to 
1830, as many as 12,000 barrels of mackerel were packed 
upon its wharf in a single year. Attention was turned to 
ship-building, which became a leading industry until 1845, 
when the fisheries were again revived by Allied Soule and 
Samuel Bliss, who opened a store at South Freeport and 
packed largely. At that date there were only Capt. Jacob 
Lincoln, Joseph and Jonathan Stockbridge, Washington 
36 



and Clement Soule, Capt. Ambrose and Floyd Talbot, 
Alfred Waite, and C. Puine at that place, which has since 
grown to comprise a fine church, 00 dwellings, store now 
kept by J. E. Davis, shoe-shop, school-house for graded 
school, erected 1867, and three ship-yards. Postma.ster, 
J. E. Davis ; mails daily by stage. It has a fine harbor and 
safe anchorage for 50 vessels inside. Wm. K. Lewis & Bro., 
of Boston, Mass., erected a general packing establishment at 
this place in 1870. Under the present law, restricting the 
catch of lobsters to the months of April, May, and June, from 
4000 to 5000 dozen cans are packed. This is succeeded 
by fish and berries until the corn season. The shops have 
a capacity of 12,000 cans of corn per day, packing 30,000 
dozen during the season. There are, besides, a large shoe- 
manufactory in the north part of the town, established by 
J. M. V. Jordan in 1874, and a store opened by J. S. Ward 
in 1864, and now conducted by E. E. Morton. 

Ship-building has been one of the leading industries of 
the town for the last century. The two ship-yards at South 
Freeport have been operated by Enos Soule, Soule & Bliss, 
and since 1877 by Soule Bros. The yard half a mile above, 
operated by Briggs & Gushing, was established in 1853. 
Edwin Merrill I'ormerly built ships at Porter's Landing. 
Mr. Soule alone has built 87 vessels. Nine were launched 
upon the Harra.seeket River in 1854. 

CIVIL LIST. 

SELECTMEN. 
1789. — Joseph Staple, James Curtis, Col. George Rogers. 
1 790. ^Joseph Staple, James Curtis, Thomas Means. 
I79I. — Joseph Staple, John Gushing, David Dennison. 
1792. — John Cushing, Joseph Staple, Capt. Greenfield Poto. 
179.3-94. — John Cushing, James Curtis, John Stockbridge. 
1795. — Joseph Staple, John Cushing, Col. George Rogers. 
1796. — John Cushing, James Curtis, John Stockbridge. 
1797.— James Curtis, Nath. Burrell, James Rogers. 
1798.— James Curtis, Noah Burrell, Barton Sylvester. 
1799.— John Cushing, Jo.seph Staple, William Pote. 
1800.— John Cushing, William Pote, .Tumes Curtis. 
1801.— John Cushing, Joseph Staple, James Curtis. 
1802-3. — John Cushing, James Curtis, William Pote. 
1804. — John Cushing, John A. Hyde, Joseph Staple. 
ISOo.— John Cushing, Joseph Staple, William Pote. 
1806.- John Cushing, Cornelius Dillingham, Edmond Pratt. 
1807. — John Cushing, Cornelius Dillingham, Thomas Bicknell. 
ISOS. — John Cushing, Edmund Pratt, Moses Soule, Jr. 
1809.— Bai-ton Sylvester, Moses Soule, Jr., Nathan AVesson. 
1810. — Nathan AVesson, Henchman Sylvester, Micah Stockbridge. 
ISU.—Nathan Wesson, Thomas Bicknell, Thomas K. White. 
1812. — Nathan Wesson, Barton Sylvester, Joseph Lufkin. 
1813. — Nathan Wesson, Barton Sylvester, Samuel Hyde. 
1814. — Barton Sylvester, Moses Soule, John Webster. 
1815. — Barton Sylvester, William Pote, John Webster. 
1816. — Capt. William Pote, Cornelius Dillingham, Ed. Pralt. 

1817. William Pote, Cornelius Dillingham, Moses Soule, Jr. 

1818.— Edmond Pratt, Cornelius Dillingham, William Pote. 
1819.— Cornelius Dillingham, AVilliam True, Josiah AV. Mitchell. 
1820.- Cornelius Dillingham, Ansyl Clark, Daniel Brewer, Jr. 
1821. — Edmond Pratt, Daniel Brewer, Jr., Joseph Dennison. 
1822.— AVilliam True, Daniel Brewer, Jr., John Townsend. 
1823.— Ansyl Clark, Samuel Porter, Josiah AV. Mitchell. 
1824. — Samuel Porter, Cornelius Dillingham, Simeon Pratt. 
1825.— Edmond Pratt, Ammi Dennison. Simecm Pratt. 
1826. — Simeon Pratt, Edmond Prutt, Ammi Dennison. 
1827.— Simeon Pratt, Edmond Pratt, Seth Bailey, Jr. 
1828. — Simeon Pratt, Seth Bailey, Jr., Joseph Mitchell. 
1829. — Simeon Pratt, Edmond Pratt, Thomas Means. 
1830.— Simeon Pratt, Rufus Soule, Seth Bailey. 



282 



HISTORY OF CUJIBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



1S31.— Edniond Pratt, Simeon Pratt, Thomas Menns. 

1832. — Simeon Pratt, Thomas Means, Scth ISailcy, Jr. 

1833. — Simeon Prntt, Sitli liailey, Jr., Joseph Denni.<on. 

1834.— Josliih \V. Mitchell, Simeon Pratt, Joel Kelscy. 

1835-36.— Simeon Pratt, Seth Bailey, Jr., Thomas Means. 

1837. — Scth Bailey, Jr., Simeon Pralt, Joseph Dennis. 

1838.- Eb(nezcr Wells, Thomas Means, Enoch Prntt. 

1839.— Ebenezer Wells, Enoch Prntt, TheoJore Curtis. 

1840.— Enoch Pratt, Simeon Pratt, Solomon True. 

1841.— Ebenczer Wells, Simeon Pralt, Seth Bailey. 

1842.— Josiah W. Mitchell, Scth Bailey, Jr., Thomas R. Dillingham. 

]843-44._Enoch Pratt, Theodore Curtis, Nathaniel Josselyn. 

1845-47.— Theodore Curtis, Nathaniel Josselyn, Simeon Pratt. 

1848.— Simeon Pratt, Nathaniel Josselyn, Kichiird Merrill. 

1849.— Theodore Curtis, Abner H. Wade, Simeon Pralt. 

1850.— Abner H. Wade, Simeon Pratt, Animi U. Mitchell. 

1851. — Ammi R. Mitchell, Nathaniel Josselyn, Micah Stockbridgc. 

1852.— Ammi R. Mitchell, Ephraim A. Hyde, William Gregg. 

1853. — Simeon Pratt, Nathaniel Josselyn, Ambrose Pratt. 

1854.- Micah Stockbridgo, Charles Waitc, Nathan 0. True. 

1855.— William Gregg, Nathan 0. True, Ambrose Pratt. 

1856-57.— Micah Stockbridge, Nathan 0. True, Joshua Soulc. 

1858. — Micah Stockbridge, Nathaniel Josselyn, Daniel Grant (3d). 

185U.— Micah Stockbridge. Nathan 0. True, Henry C. Brewer. 

I860.— Simeon Pratt, Nathaniel Josselyn, George W. Randall. 

1861. — Simeon Pratt, George W. Randall, Henry C. Brewer. 

1862. — Nathaniel Josselyn, Theodore Curtis, Daniel Brewer. 

1863-65.- Micah Stockbridge, Nathan 0. True, Edmond Pralt, Jr. 

1866. — Micah Stockbridge, Nathan 0. True, George Brewer, Jr. 

1867. — Cushing Mitchell, David R. Hawkcs, Isaac Mann. 

1868.— Cashing Mitchell, David R. Hawkcs, Charles H. Pettengill. 

1869.- — Micah .Stockbridge, David R. Hawkc,«, Isaac Mann. 

1870.- Micah Stockbridge, Edwin H. Townscnd. 

1871. — Micah Stockbridge, David R. Hawkes, John Burr. 

1872.— Micah Stockbridge, R. B. Rogers, John Burr. 

1S73. — Micah Stockbridge, John Burr, George Aldrich. 

1874.— John Burr, George Aldrich, Thomas Ward. 

1875. — Micah Stockbridge, Thomas Ward, Horace Rogers. 

1876.— John Burr, Edward S. Soulc, George W. Soulc. 

1877. — John Burr, Horace Rogers, John C. Kendall. 

1878.- — John C. Kendall, Thomas J. .Curtis, Isaac D. Bryan. 

1879. — John C. Kendall, Isaac D. Bryan, Benjamin P. Soulc. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Nathan Wesson, 1789-1807; John Cushing, 1808-9; Samuel Hyde, 
1810-13; Nathan Nye, 1814-24; Simeon Pratt, 1825-35 ; Eben- 
czer Wells, 1836-41 ; Samuel King, 1842: Samuel Thing, 1843; 
Nehemiah Thomas, 1844-49 ; Richard Belcher, 1850-62; Ambrose 
Pratt, 1853-55; William H. Soulc, 1856; Nehemiah Thomas, 
1857-01; Edward S. Soule, 1862; Edwin C. Townscnd, 1863; 
Nehemiah Thomas, 1SG4-72 ; John C. Kendall, 1873-79. 

TREASURERS. 

John Mann, 17.S9-98; Joseph Staple, 1799; John Cashing; 1800-7; 
Mnj. Thomas Mean,*, 1808-9; Samuel Dillingham, 1810-13; 
Samuel Porter, 1814-15; Samuel llolbrook, 1816; Barnabas Bar- 
toll, 1817; Samuel Holbrook ; 1818-23; Josiah W. Mitchell, 1824- 
27; Nathan Nye, 1828-35; Enoch Harrington, 1836-38; Samuel 
A. Holbrook, 1839-47; Robert S. Soule, 1848-51; Samuel A. 
Holbrook, 1852; Ammi R. Mitchell, 1853-61; Robert S. Soule, 
1862; Samuel A. Holbrook, 186.3-75; Enos C. Soule, 1876; Amos 
Field, 1877 ; John A. Briggs, 1878-79. 

COLLECTORS AND CONSTABLES. 
Cornelius Soulc, George Bartoll (col. and con.), William Todd (con.), 
1789; Josiah Rccd, George Bartoll, William Todd (vacancy), 
1790 ; Josiah Reed, Thoma.s Bickncll (cols.), 1791 ; Reuben Carver 
(West), John Stockbridge (East), 1792; Reuben Carver, Thomas 
Bickncll, 1793; Josiah Rood, John Stockbridge, Reuben Carver, 
1794; Reuben Carver, Josiah Reed, 1795; William Litchfield, 
John Mann (East), Josiah Rccd (West and Middle Dist.), 
1796: Benjamin Sawyer (1st Dist.), Reuben Carver (2d Dist.), 
John Maun (3d Dist.), 1797 ; Benjamin A. Richardson, Samuel 



Litchfield, Reuben Carver, 1798; Joseph IFutchings (West), 
Obadiah Curtis (East), 1799; Lcbbeus Tuttle (West), Josiah 
Reed (East), John Stockbridge, John Townscnd, 1800 ; Lcbbeus 
Tuttle (West), Noah Burrell (East), John Townscnd, 1801; 
Joseph Hutchings (West), Noah Burrell (East), Benjamin 
Sawyer, Joseph Townscnd, 1802; Edward Thompson (whole 
town), Joseph Townscnd, 1803; Thomas Worthly, Josiah Cum- 
mings, 1804; Joseph Hutchings (West), Thomas Worthly (East), 
Joseph Stockbridge, 1805; Simeon Tryon (West), Asa Sprague 
(East), John Stockbridge, 1806; Joseph Hutchings (West), Asa 
Sprague (East), Josiah Reed 1807; Barnabas Bartoll, Copt. 
Josiah Mead, 1808; Thomas White, 1809; Thomas R.White, 
Josiah Reed, 1810; James Johnson, 1811; Maj. Josiah Rccd, 
Capt. M. M. KinJall, 1812; John Townscnd, Jonah Reed, 
1813-14; William Jordan, Cornelius Dillingham, John Town- 
send, Josiah Reed, 1815 ; William Jordan, Robert R. Kendall, 
John Townscnd, Josiah Reed, 1816; John Townscnd, Robert R. 
Kendall, Josiah Reed, 1817-18; John Townscnd, Thos. R. 
Dillingham, Thomas R. White, 1819 ; John Wentworth, Thomas 
R. White, John Townscnd, 1820; John Wentworth, T. R. Dil- 
lingham, Thomas R. While, 1821; John Wentworth, T. R. 
Dillingham, John Townsend, 1822; Daniel Dunham, Thomas 
R.Dillingham, 1823; Bailey Curtis, John Wentworth, Thomas 
R.Dillingham, 1824; Jonathan Pratt (col.), Thomas R. Dil- 
lingham, John Townsend, 1825; Jonathiin Pratt, Thom.as R. 
Dillingham, 1826; Bailey Curtis, Thomas R. Dillingham, 1827; 
Nathaniel Curtis, Thomas R. Dillingham, 1828; Nathaniel 
Curtis, Asa Bailey, 1829-30; Nathaniel Curtis, Horatio G. Ken- 
dall, 1831; Nathaniel Curtis, 1832; Bailey Curtis, Horatio G. 
Kendall, 1833; Bailey Curtis, Thomas R. Dillingham, Bailey 
Curtis, 1834; Thomas Means, Thomas R. Dillingham, 183.5-36; 
Nathaniel Curtis, Thomas R. Dillingham, 1837-38; Enoch Har- 
rington (col.), Thomas R. Dillingham, Nathaniel Curtis, Thomas 
Means, 1839; Samuel A. Holbrook, Thomas R. Dillingham, 
Scth Bailey, Jr., 1840; Samuel A. llolbrook (col.), Thomas R. 
Dillingham, Scth Bailey, Jr., Robert R. Kendall, 1841 ; Samuel 

A. Holbrook (col.), R. Pope Kendall, Thomas R. Dillingham, 
1842; Samuel A. Holbrook (col.), Thomas R. Dillingham, R. 
Pope Kendall, 1843-44; Samuel A. Holbrook, Thomas R. 
Dillingham, 1845-47 ; Robert S. Soule, Thomas R. Dillingham, 
1848-50; Roberts. Soule, John L. Holbrook, 1851; Theodore 
Curtis, Seth Bailey, Jr., 1852; Ammi R.Mitchell, Selh Bailey, 
Jr., 1853; Ammi R. Mitchell, Noah Crocket, 1854; Ammi R. 
Mitchell, 1855; Ammi R. Mitchell, John S. Sherman, Nehemiah 
Thomas, 1856 ; Ammi R. Mitchell, George Brewer, 1857 ; Thomas 

B. Lane, George Brewer, 1858; Thomas B. Lane, Seth Bailey, 
Jr., 1859; Ammi R. Mitchell, Seth Bailey, Jr., 1860; Abner 
H. Wade, Seth Bailey, 1861; Abner H. Wade, Samuel Lunt, 
1862; Abner H. Wade, 1863; Abner H. Wade, George Brewer, 
1864-65; Abner H. Wade, Charles Field, 1866; Thomas B. 
Lane, 1867; Abner H. Wade, George Brewer, 1868; Warren E. 
Jordan, 1809; Amos Field, 1870 ; Warren E.Jordan, 1871-73; 
Reuben B. Rogers, 1874; James H. Banks, 1875-78; Alfred 
L. 0.\nord, Hor.icc B. Townscnd, 1879. 

CONGREGATIONALIST CHURCH. 
The town of Frccport was constituted a separate parish 
by its incorporation in February, 1789. The Cousjrcga- 
tionalist Church was formed December 21st ensuing. A 
churcli had ah'eady been erected in 1774 on the old bury- 
ing-ground between the vilhige and Porter's .salt-works. 
This was given to the town, with the exception of the pew- 
ground on the lower floor, in 1789. The covenant was 
signed by Ephraim and Mary GrifEu, Ambro.se Talbot, 
Bartholomew Keed, John Maun, George Kogers, Jolin 
Soule, Joseph Stockbridge, John Cushing, Samuel Wins- 
low, George and Dorcas Deniii.son, Thomas and Sarah Cobb, 
William and Anna Litchfield, Silas llolbrook, Abigail 
Todd, and Kcbccca Adams. Rev. Alfred Johnson was 
ordained pastor Dec. 29, 1789. Ambrose Talbot and John 
Cushing were chosen deacons; Calvin Cat tor was made 




PlL.tu l,y C. 11. ,1,1. I',.,!!,,,,,! 



e;^^. 



'^ C^ocr 



^^ 



Samuel Blis.s, son of Samuel and Sarah (Loomis) 
Bliss, was horn in Lehanon, Conn., April 30, 1795. 
He spent his youth on liis father's farm and in the 
common schools. (Jn attaining his majority he went 
to Virgiuia, where he engaged in the mercantile busi- 
ness, in which he remained for five years, wdien he 
sold out and returned to his native town. Oct. 
12, 1820, he married Betsey, daughter of Gershom 
Dorrance, and granddaughter of Col. George Dor- 
rance, of the Wyoming massacre. Of this union six 
children were born to tiiem, — three sons and tln-ee 
daughters, viz.: George D., born Aug. 12, 1821; 
died at Placer City, Cal., Dec. 26, 1851. Sarah, 
born in Albany, IST. Y., June 3, 1823; died Oct. 5, 
1873, aged fifty years. Gershom, born in Freeport, 
May 11, 1827 ; died Nov. 2, 1871, at Council Bluffs, 
Iowa. Elizabeth, born April 20, 1830 (married 
Seward P. Grant, of Freeport) ; and Caroline A., 
born Dec. 9, 1832. After his marriage he went to 
South Carolina, where he again engaged in the mer- 
cantile business for one year, and returned to Connec- 
ticut. Eemoved with his family to Albany, N. Y., 



where he was in trade two years, when he sold out 
and purchased, in company with John Armstrong, 
two farms in Cumberland towiisliij), and a hotel 
stand in Freeport, and commenced fixrming; which 
business they followed for four years, when Mr. Bliss 
sold out to his partner and entered the hotel business 
which he continued for six years. He then sold this 
property and })urchased a tract of land on the Raisin 
River, Michigan, upon which he located two of his 
sons. Subsequently he purchased a farm of two 
hundred and fifty acres in Pownal, Me., and kej)t a 
dairy, the first in the county. Carried on this dairv 
farm for fifteen years, when he sold it and moved to 
South Freeport, and, after a 'i^w years in the mercan- 
tile and fishery trade there, he retired from business. 
In politics Mr. Bliss is a staunch Republican. He 
represented his town in the Legislature in 1835, and 
Pownal in 1854-55. He and his wife have been 
members of the Congregational Church since 1857. 
Though having reached the ripe old age of eio-htv- 
five, he still retains his mental vigor to a remarkable 
degree. 



284 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



J. E. Prescott. Rev. Asa S. Jones nnd Rev. David C. 
Burr have entered the ministry from this church. 

A Universalifit church — the second in tlie State— was 
erected hy Joseph Lul'kin and Solomon Dennison, between 
Mast handing and l''recport village, and dedicated by Rev. 
Ilosea Rallou in 181 1. It was occupied by Rev. The mas 
Barnes, who liad formerly preached here. Rev. Jabcz 
Woodman, and Rev. Russell Strceter. This building was 
removed to the village, where it was burned in 1832, after 
which the organization ceased to exist. 

SCHOOLS. 

The first school-house of which we have any record was 
built on Capt. Roger Edwards' lot (No. 38) in South 
Freeport, in 1736. At the organization of the town the 
inhabitants of each district were ordered to meet and choose 
a school- master. .£100 were appropriated for schools in 
1794. Rev. Alfred Johnson's salary was increased in 1795, 
and he taught a grammar school as a part of his ministerial 
duty. 

Soon after the burning of the town-hall, in 1847, a 
town-house was built at Freeport village. In 1873, 
Samuel A. Ilolbrook laid out a public square for the town, 
upon which the town-house was moved, and a high-school 
building erected by Rev. John J. Bulfinch, N. 0. True, 
and Samuel A. Holbrook, manager. 830,000, obtained 
as a surplus on the settlement of the war debt of 1861-65, 
and $10,000 furnished by subscription, were appropriated 
to build the school-house. A school supervisor was chosen 
in 1876, and school districts were abolished. There are 
710 school children ; 450 attending .school. The expense 
of the high school for 1879, under the efficient manage- 
ment of Professor Stephen A. Thurlow, Principal, and 
Supervisor of Schools, was $1523 ; seventeen common 
schools, $3922 ; with a cost of $60 for supervision. The 
school-buildings are uniformly neat and well furnished. 

ASSOCIATIONS. 
FREEPORT TEMPERANCE REFORM CLUB 

was organized Dec. 22, 1875. President, William A. 
Mitchell ; Vice-Presidents, J. E. Davis, Joseph Farwell, F. 
W. Nichols, William R. Kendall ; Secretary, 0. H. Briggs; 
Treasurer, H. B. Tuttle. The officers for 1879 are H. G. 
Sleeper, President; M. M. Curtis, Vice-President; E. 
Russ, Secretary ; W. A. Davis, Treasurer. The member- 
ship is 60. 

SOCIAL LIBRARY 

has 750 volumes. P. Briggs is the librarian. 

FREEPORT CORNET BAND 

was organized in 1865 by Henry Miller, a veteran musician 
of the volunteer army of 1861-65. The band consists of 
17 pieces. H. E. Davis is leader and director. 



Freeport Lodge, No. 23, F. A. M. The records were 
burned in 1845. It was rechartered May 5, 1845. 

L.VAVYERS, 
Josiah W. JMitchell, a man of prominence and ability. 
He studied law with Judge Whitman, of New Gloucester, 



and commenced practice in Freeport, where he remained 
until his death in 1852. 

Richard Belcher, from Winthrop, a prominent man 
from 1825 to 1870 ; now retired from active business. 

Ezekicl W. Mitchell, son of the first lawyer, has practiced 
here since 1859. 

Harrison G. Sleeper, educated in Boston, admitted to the 
bar in 1862, and practiced in Freeport since 1866. 

Samuel Clark has been a prominent lawyer since 1859. 

PHYSICIANS. 

John A. Hyde, M.D., from Rehoboth, Mass., graduated 
at Boston Medical School, 1794, and began practice in 
Freeport, where he died in 1857. 

Louis Nichols, M.D., a student with Dr. Hyde, com- 
menced practice here, and afterwards removed to Kingston, 
Mass.. where he died. 

Aaron Lufkin, M.D., graduated at Bowdoin Medical 
School, Brunswick, Me., in 1823, and practiced medicine 
here until his death in 1826. 

Ebenezer Wells, M.D., born in Warren, Me., 1801 ; grad- 
uated at Bowdoin in 1823 ; settled in Freeport, where he 
still lives, in 1826. 

Ephraim A. Hyde, M.D., son of the first doctor, born 
in 1814, graduated at Berkshire, Mass., and commenced 
practice with his father in 1841 ; died in 1871. 

John Butler, M.D., settled in 1840, and removed to 
Wells, Me. 

William II. True, M.D., assistant surgeon in United 
States army in the war of 1861, practiced here two years 
after, and removed to Portland. 

Woodbury G. Frost, M.D., succeeded Dr. True, and 
removed to Bath, Me., after three years. 

D. D. Spear, M.D., of North Yarmouth, educated at 
Bowdoin and Berkshire, Mass., 1867 ; came to Freeport 
in 1873. 

John G. Pierce, M.D., graduated at Bowdoin in 1867; 
came from Canton in 1876. 

0. W. Norton practiced medicine since 1854, graduated 
at the Pennsylvania Eclectic College in 1867, when he re- 
moved from South Freeport to Freeport village, where he 
now resides. 

MILITARY. 
SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 

John Maxwell, Nathaniel Josselyn, Jonathan Byrom, 
Robert Townsend, Melzor Byrom, Richard Gookins, Na- 
thaniel Aldrich, Samuel Litchfield. 

In 1798 there were three companies of militia equipped 
as the law directs, and supplied with $200 worth of ammu- 
nition. The town rendered efficient service in the war of 
1812, both on land and water. A privateer, named "The 
Dash," was built on Harraseeket River, and manned by a 
picked crew of sixteen young men of Freeport. Capt. . 
George Bacon had receirtly, with the assistance of one man, 
rescued a prize in which he was a prisoner, and been in- 
jured in an escape from recapture, and the command de- 
volved upon John Porter. The " Dash" was spoken by the 
" Champlain" when steering for Georges Banks, and was 
never heard from after. 

Capt. Porter's brother, John Bennett, and Dennis Syl- 



TOWN OF FREEPORT. 



285 



vester were lost on the vessel. Fifteen muskets, with 
necessary araniunition, were purchased by the town, as a 
precautionary measure, in 1814. 

WAU OP 1812. 
Ricliard Belcher, Rufus Gushing, Simeon Coffin, Lieut. 
Robert Dunning, James Edes, Animi R. Mitchell, Ammi 
Mitchell, John Mitchell, Joseph Mitchell, Jolhan John- 
son, Charles Paine, Jcrtmiah Plummer, Samuel Soule, 
William Townsend, William Ward. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 



SAMUEL APPLETON HOLBROOK. 

Samuel, ffther of S. A. Holbrook, born in Lebanon, 
Conn., Dec. 16, 177C, married Hannah Webster, daugh- 
ter of John and Patience Webster, Oct. 13, 1811, who was 
born in North Yarmouth, April 4, 1786. He was the son 
of Timothy Holbrook, a respectable farmer in Connecticut, 
and spent his minority at home. He was fitted for college by 
Dr. Ely, of Lebanon, and graduated at Yale, with the usual 
honors. He subsequently taught school, while continuing 
his studies, with the intention of following for a livelihood 
one of the professions, till impaired health compelled him 
to relinquish his cherished desire. After one year as a 
merchant, he removed to Freeport, Me., about 1808, and 
in partnership with Mr. Fowler (Holbrook & Fowler) car- 
ried on mercantile business until the beginning of the war 
of 1812, when he returned to Lebanon, Conn. In the fall 
of 1815 he returned to Freeport with his family, and for 
the following ten years was engaged in the general mer- 
cantile trade. In 1824 he purchased the Governor 
Trumbull fiirm, in Lebanon, Conn., removed there, and car- 
ried on farming for some years. Subsequently, for two 
years, he was interested in the business of Shirley & Hyde, 
book publishers, Portland, and then returned to Freeport, 
and in the spring of 1830 again opened trade as a mer- 
chant. From 1832 to 1836 he had associated with him as 
partner William Gore (Holbrook & Gore), and in the latter 
year gave up^ his business to bis son, Samuel A. Holbrook. 



He was a resident of Portland, afterwards, for five years, 
and removed to Freeport, where he died, June 17, 1849. 
He was known as a man of sterling integrity, of correct 
habits, and possessed of a genial and sociable disposition. 
In politics, early in life, he was a Republican, later a Whig, 
held many town offices, and was a representative in the 
State Legislature. His children are John Webster, born 
in Freeport, Oct. 8, 1812, and died Aug. 19, 1820. Sam- 
uel Appleton, born Jan. 5, 1815. Julia A., born Oct. 9, 
1816. Samuel, Jr., born April 28, 1819, died Sept. 15, 
1820. 

The mother of these children died Nov. 7, 1820. For 
his second wife he married Mrs. Elizabeth How, of Portland. 

Samuel A. Holbrook married, Sept. 19, 1850, Emma 
Cushing, daughter of Perez and Lucy Burr, of Freeport. 
Their children are Fannie Appleton, wife of William L. 
Lowell, of Halifiix, Nova Scotia, and Julia A. In early 
manhood, Mr. Holbrook became interested in the local af- 
fairs of his town and county, and was an active member of 
the old Whig party. In 1840 he was elected treasurer of 
the town of Freeport, and served twenty years. In 1849 
he was elected representative to the State Legislature, and 
again in 1861, the Whig party having relinquished their 
organization, favoring crushing the Rebellion by force of 
arms, as an independent Union candidate was elected by 
votes from both parties, and served two terms. In the 
Legislature he was a member of important committees, and 
took decided and prominent part in the great questions 
then agitating the public. He was a member of the State 
Senate in 1865-66-67, and in the years 1870-72 was 
again elected a member of the House of Representatives. 
Subsequently, in 1873, he was elected to the State Senate, 
and served two years. Mr. Holbrook is well known 
throughout the State as a prominent Republican, and a 
gentleman of strict integrity and rare financial ability, en- 
joying to a remarkable degree the confidence of his neigh- 
bors and friends and all who have had dealings with him. 
Whether as a private citizen, a town officer, or as a legis- 
lator, his characteristic integrity, fidelity to principle, ready 
perception of future results, and sound judgment, have 
given him rank among the most influential men in the 
county and State. 



G O R H A M. 



TOPOGRAPHICAL FEATUKES. 

The town of Gorham embraces an area of somewhat 
more than six miles square. It is of an irregular shape, 
its longest side being on the Presuuipscot River, and its 
shortest on the line dividing it from Westbrook, where the 
width is about three miles. The length of the town at its 
boundary on the Presuuipscot River, which divides it from 
the town of Windham, is about eight miles. The surface 
of the town is rolling, and somewhat hilly in the northern 
part, although the hills are nowhere so steep or precipi- 
tous as to unfit any portion of the soil for cultivation. The 
soil is chiefly of a clay loam, and in the winding valleys, 
which spread out between the highlands, is rich and pro- 
ductive. The prevailing stone is micaceous slate, lying in 
ledges, and some granite and limestone are found in the 
northern part. It is considered one of the best agricul- 
tural towns in this portion of Maine. 

The whole eastern border of the town is washed by the 
Presuuipscot River, which affords, by its numerous falls, 
many hydraulic privileges for purpo.ses of manufacture. 
Stroud water River traverses the southern part of the town ; 
and Little River, rising in Buxton, within two miles of the 
Saco, enters Gorham on its western border, and flowing in 
a winding channel, affording several mill-sites, and watering 
fertile intervals, it at length fiiUs into the Presuuipscot, on 
the eastern side of the town. Formerly, the township was 
covered with a large growth of white pine, and lumbering, 
including the cutting of large masts, was a lucrative em- 
ployment ; at a later period many logs were hauled to 
supply the mills which sprang up on the Presumpscot, and 
at Saccarappa. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The original grantees of the town of Gorham were a 
portion of the 840 Massachusetts men, and their heirs, 
who bore arms in the Narragansett expedition, as it was 
called, in 1675. To these men the General Court of Mas- 
sachusetts granted 7 townships, — 2 in 1728 and 5 more in 
1732, — on the terms then generally imposed, viz., that the 
grantees should meet within two months, and organize each 
propriety, which should consist of 120 persons ; that they 
should settle GO families in each towu within seven 
years ; that they should settle a learned orthodox minister, 
erect a meeting-house, clear a certain number of acres of 
land, lay out a lot for the settled minister, one for the min- 
istry, and one for the use of schools. They were also re- 
quired to meet and choose committees to superintend their 
general concerns, and to determine the rights of claimants. 
The first meeting of the grantees was held in Boston, June 
0, 1733, when the proprietors formed themselves into 
7 distinct societies, of 120 names each, representing and 
286 



claiming each one of the Narragansett town.ships. Three 
persons were chosen from each society to make out a list of 
grantees of the respective societies, to elect ofiicers, and 
manage their affairs. At this meeting it was voted that 
one of the societies should consist chiefly of proprietors 
belonging to the towns of Barnstable, Yarmouth, Ea.stham, 
Sandwich, Plymouth, Tisbury, Abington, Duxbury, and 
one penson from Scituate, Mass. This society, headed 
by the name of Capt. John Gorham, was assigned Narra- 
gansett township. No. 7, now the town of Gorham, the 
name being derived from its chief original grantee. 

At that time few of the persons actually engaged in the 
Narragansett war were living. The committee for the 
township of Gorham were Col. Shubael Gorham, Timothy 
Waite, and Robert Stanfort. 

A small grant of land (200 acres) had been previously 
made by Massachusetts, in what is now the town of Gorham, 
to Joseph Mallison, of Boston, for the purpose of erecting 
mills at Horsebeef Falls, on the Presumpscot River; which 
falls, for many years, bore the name of Mallison's Falls. 
Mallison's tract was laid out by Phineas Jones, surveyor, 
by order of the General Court; Nathaniel Knight and 
Samuel Libby carried the chain. Mallison conveyed this 
tract of 200 acres, March 16, 1733, to Gen. Samuel Waldo, 
of Boston, for £50 in bills of credit. Neither Mallison 
nor Waldo erected mills on this grant. A few years later 
the proprietors of this town.ship granted 400 acres to Gov- 
ernor Shirley, adjoining Mallison's, near Little Falls, where 
Factory village is now situated. 

The plan of laying out the town of Gorham was as fol- 
lows: 1st division, 120 lots of 30 acres; 2d division, 100- 
acre lots; 3d division, 70-acre lots. Each right was to have 
one lot in all the divisions. The first division of 30-acre 
lots was laid out as compactly as possible on the proposed 
roads crossing each other at right angles ; the design being 
that the settlers might live near each other, for the purpose 
of mutual aid and defense against the Indians. The external 
lines of the town were run in 1734 ; the 30-acre lots were 
surveyed, numbered, drawn, and confirmed to each right in 
1735 ; several roads were also laid out the same year. A 
few lots had been sold prior to being located and numbered, 
the oldest deed being that of Thomas Thornton, of Dor- 
chester, Mass., to Col. Shubael Gorham, of one 120th un- 
divided part of Narragansett, No. 7, for £5, dated June 
12, 1735. The same year. Col. Shubael Gorham purchased 
several other such undivided parts of the township, of 
Joseph Akers, of Sandwich, Elisha Hall, of Yarmouth, 
John Maker, of Ilarwick, Robert Nickerson, of Chatham, 
and several others ; so that Col. Gorham soon became a 
large proprietor, and sold many lots to other settlers. 

The first actual settler was John Phinney, " a son of one 




Photo, by Conant, Purtlautl. 



EL1A8 S. GUFF. 



Elias S. Goff was born in the town of Gray, 
June 26, 1811. He is fifth son in a family of 
eight ciiildren of William aiul Anna GoflP. 

His father was a native of Cumberland County, 
arid was descended from a Revolutionary soldier 
who died on the field of battle at Monmouth, N. J. 
His father being engaged in agricultural pursuits, 
Elias Goif's boyhood was spent on the farm and 
in attending school. 

He learned the trade of a wheelwright, and 
engaged in building mills until 1856, when he 
commenced lumbering in the town of Standish. 
He continued in business there for seven years, 
and was engaged in the same business for one year 
in New Hampshire. 



He settled in Gorhani in 1867, and the same 
year, in partnership with Hugh M. Plummer 
(Goff & Plummer), engaged in lumbering and coop- 
erage, and in general trade. This firm carries on 
a large business, and employs some forty men. 

Mr. Goff has ever been deeply interested in local 
and State politics, and is a staunch member of 
the Republican party. In the fall of 1879 he was 
elected to the State Legislature, after a closely con- 
tested canvass, by a majority of only twenty. 

He married, June 3, 1841, Abbie B., daughter 
of Ebenezer and Betsey (Alley) Rowe. She is a 
native of Mercer, Somerset Co., Me., and was 
born Oct. 12, 1813. They have an adopted 
daughter, Annie L. Goff. 



TOWN OF GORHAM. 



287 



of the conquerors of the Narrnffansetts, a descendant of the 
Pilgrims, a wanderer from the old colony of Plymouth, 
who disembarked from his canoe on Fresumpscot lliver, 
attended by his eldest son, fourteen years of age, with an 
axe, gun, and a small quantity of provisions and amuiuni- 
uition, to select a spot for his future home. Proceeding 
westerly nearly two miles from the river, he chose a suimy, 
elevated spot on the south side of Fort Hill, and there that 
son, P^dmund Phinney, afterwards distinguished, not only 
in various town and State ofBecs, but as a colonel of the 
Revolutionary army, felled the first tree for clearing a farm. 
This was on a lot adjoining what is now called Fort Hill 
road, formerly King Street, about one mile northerly from 
the principal village in Gorham. This land is now owned 
by Mr. Jloses Fogg."* 

John Phinney was forty-three years old when he began 
the settlement of Gorham. He was a .son of Deacon John 
Phinney, of Barnstable, Mass., in which town he was born 
April 8, 1G93 (0. S.). He had married Martha Ciihnan, 
and had five children born in Barnstable, and two in Fal- 
mouth after their settlement there in 1732; whence they 
removed to Gorham in 1736. Mary Gorham, Colman, and 
James, the three younger children, were born in Gorham, 
the former being the first white child born in the town. 
Her birth occurred in August, 1736. She married James 
Irish, lather of Gen. James Irish, and left numerous de- 
scendants. Colman Phinney, the second child born in Gor- 
ham, was killed by a falling tree, when about ten years of 
age. James lived in the town till October, 1834, when he 
died in the ninety-fourth year of his age. lie was a highly 
respected and useful citizen. There .seems to be a difference 
of opinion as to the second settler, — whether it was Daniel 
Mosier or Hugh MeLellan, — but the difference is imma- 
terial, ina.spiuch as it is agreed that both settled in the 
town near the same time. Daniel Mosier removed from 
Falmouth to the town in 1738, two years after the Phin- 
neys, who up to this time had been the sole occupants of 
that part of the wilderness. Hugh McLcllan came from 
the north of Ireland, and settled on land a quarter of a 
mile north of Gorham Seminary, or the site of the present 
State Normal School. The settlers who followed Mr. IMc- 
Lellan, soon after, were William Pote, William Cotton, 
Ebenezer Hall, Eliphalet Watson, Clement Harvey, Bar- 
tholomew Thorn, John Irish, John Eayr, Jacob Hamblen, 
Benjamin Skillings, and others. 

" The first sixteen years after the settlement of Gorham," 
says Judge Pierce, " were years of great anxiety and suffer- 
ing. At one time all the provisions the family of Capt. 
Phinney had for some days was two quarts of boiled 
wheat, which had been reserved for seed. At that period 
all the towns in JIaine were obliged to erect and maintain 
garrisons for refuge against Indian attacks. The fort in 
Gorham was built on 30-acre lot No. 2, close to the old 
burying-ground, on what is still called Fort Hill, the most 
elevated land in the town." The fort had two (i-pounder 
swivels placed at diagonal corners, for the pnrpo.se of de- 
fense and to give alarm in case of the approach of Indians. 

At the commencement of the French and Indian war, 

» Pierce's History of tlorhaui, 1SC2. 



17-15, there were 18 families in the town, 9 of whom moved 
into the garrison, where they were closely .shut up for four 
years. They were in the fortress for seven years. Eleven .sol- 
diers were furnished by the government of Massachusetts to 
assist in defending the garrison and procuring the necessaries 
of life. The nine families which moved into the fort were 
those of Capt. John Phinney, Jacob Hamblen, Daniel 
Mosier, Hugh MeLellan, Clement Harvey, John Reed, 
Edward Cloufuian, Jeremiah Hodgdon, and Eliphalet Wat- 
son. Those who left the town at the beginning of the war 
were William Pote, James Irish, Joliti Eayr, Caleb Crom- 
well, Ebenezer Hall, William Cotton, Benjamin Skillings, 
and Benjamin Stevens, most of them going to Falmouth, a 
few to Massachusetts, but nearly all returning and settling 
upon their farms at the close of the war. 

The following account of the massacre of the Bryant 
family, Apiil 19, 1746, and other Indian troubles at (ior- 
liam during the war of that period, was compiled by Judge 
Pierce from a manuscript of the late Col. Hugh D. Me- 
Lellan, who wrote it from the relation of Mrs. Abigail 
MeLellan, who died about 1821. She was a girl at the 
time of the massacre, living in her father's family, and well 
remembered the terrible events she related : 

" All the families remaining in Gorham had removed into the fort 
during the winter and early part of the spring, except four; they re- 
mained on their lands, hoping to get their plowing and sowing done 
so (hey might raise some crojig. Capt. John Phinney, the patriarch 
of the settlement, who exercised a fatherly care over tlio weak and 
feeble plantation, was urgent to have all in the garrison, he feeling 
certain that the Indians would be upon them as soon as the ground 
was bared of snow. As the spring opened he entreated the settlers 
to make no delay about moving into the fort, a place of comparative 
safety, and where they might unite in defending each other. The 
forwardness of the spring increased his anxiety. 

"On the evening of the 18th of April the McLcllan family had 
completed their diiy's labor and were assembled in their log house; 
they expected to complete their work in the field the next day, and 
then designed to move immediately into the garrison. The evening 
was pleasant and warm ; their door was open and their family dog 
reclining outside on the ground ; suddenly the dog growled and became 
e.xcited, and acted as if he discovered danger; the dog's conduct 
alarmed the family, and they uttered the word ' hnlknit .'' The door 
was quickly closed and fastened; their light was extinguished; the 
windows — small openings cut in the logs of which the house was 
built — covered and fastened; blankets were hung around the fire- 
place so that no light might be seen outside ; few words were spoken, 
and those in a low tone. There were four guns in the bouse and two 
male persons (Hugh MeLellan and bis son, William) capable of using 
them; and Mrs. McLcllan was nut much inferior to her husband in 
strength and courage. 

" When the MeLellans bad put their house in the best state for de- 
fense their means afforded, they had a milk-pan full of gunpowder, 
and lead enough, but it was not in balls. Here was work for female 
hands, and while Mr. MeLellan and William lay by the loop-holes, 
each with one gun pointed outside and another within reach, Jlrs. 
MeLellan was by the fire, behind the screen, with her little daughter 
Abigail melting leail in an iron skillet, and with an iron spoon turn- 
ing it into a bullet-mould, and then making ball-oartrldgcs. No one 
in the bouse closed their eyes that night. The tedious hours passed 
on ; the morning came ; all was fair and peaceful without, nor could 
any indications of Indians be discovered, and the MeLellans concluded 
that the alarm of the dog was caused by some wild animal. Mr. Me- 
Lellan decided to go to his work, and finish it that day, and then go 
immediately into the garrison. They yoked their oxen, and he and 
his son went to his field, charging Mrs. McLcllan to keep the dog at 
home, to be watchful, and on any alarm to blow the horn. ISelorc 
they left the bouse, a neighbor, Mr. John Kced, came to borrow a 
chain; to him they made known their apprehensions. Keed said ho 
had seen nothing unusual, and did not ibink ibe Indian.* were in the 



28S 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND CODNXy, MAINE. 



neighbuiliood ; no signs of thoni had been seen, and he should finish 
his work before ho moved into the fort. lUed took the chain, put it 
on his shoulder, and started for home. AVhcn lie arrived at the brook, 
about a quarter of a mile north of the Gorhaui Academy (now called 
* Tommy's lirook'), he was sudtlenly set upon by two powerful Indians, 
who had secreted themselves in the bushes. Reed was brave and 
athletic, but was unarmed; the two Indians overpowered him, bound 
him securely, and took him to Canada. After tlie close of the 
war he returned home. The McLellan family owed their escape 
to the capture of Heed, as the Indians who took him were on Iheir 
way to Mcljclian's house; but having taken Kced, and there being 
two men at McClellan's, it would have been hazardous to have made 
an attack then. In their confliet with Bryant, the Indians had 
fired a gun and broken Bryant's; he attempted to get to the fort; 
he reached the small brook southerly of Nathaniel Hamblen's house, 
the Indians pressing liaid upon him. Bryant discovered, on the top 
of the hill where Hamblen now lives, Mr. Daniel Mosier, with his 
gun on his shoulder, coming towards them. Bryant called to Hosier 
to lire upon the In li.ins, but Mosier was a long gun-sliot off, and did 
not know the number of the Indians there; at that moment the 
nearest Indian sprang upon Bryant, and with rapid blows of the 
tomahawk dispatched him before Mosier was hardly conscious of 
what was taking place. 

" He returned t) the fort and gave the alarm. Mrs. McLellan, hear- 
ing the gun fired at Bryant, directed her little daughter, Abigail, about 
twelve years of age, to go to Mr. Bryant's and inquire what the gun 
was fired for; but the child, being afraid, secreted herself. When the 
mother discovered her, she again ordered lier to go; the distance was 
short, and slie soon arrived at Bryant's house. She entered, and the 
sight that presented itself to lier astonished eyes paralyzed her voice 
and limbs for the moment. On the floor lay the four ehildrtn in their 
blood. They all fell under the tomahawk except the bahe. The eldest 
daughter was alive; she called Abigail by name and asked for water, 
but Abigail was stricken with horror, and heeded her not: instantly 
she was flying home, nor stopped to look around. She reached her 
father's house and fell prostrate at the door. Her mother took her 
up, laid her on a bed, and immediately blew the horn for her husband 
and son to come. Animation revived in the girl, and she uttered the 
word 'Indians!' and fainted again. Mr. McLellan heard the horn 
and hastily ran home, leaving his o.\en in the yoke. Abigail, on 
recovering from her swoon, related what she had seen at Bryant's 
house. Mr. McLellan immediately put his house in a position to re- 
sist a sudden attack or to stand a siege. Water was procured, win- 
dows and doors made close and fast. They knew not the extent of 
the Indians' success, whether all the neighbors were killed or taken 
])risoners ; n'lr diil they feel sure of the safety of the fort, but they 
determined to resist the savages if an attack was made on their bouse. 
It was not long before they heard the report of the alarm-gun (a six- 
pounder at the f Tt), which was to give notice of the presence of the 
enemy in the neighborhood, and to warn all out of the fort to watch 
against surprise. Captain Phinney and the others in the fort were 
apprised that the Indians were around them by the report of Mr. 
Mosier, but they knew nothing of their numbers or the extent of 
their depredations beyond the fact that Bryant was killed; they did 
not therefore deem it prudent, with their small force, to leave the gar- 
rison. Bryant's house was but half a milo distant from the fort, but 
as most of the intervening space was covered with thick woods and 
bushes, where the enemy might lay in ambush and come upon them 
by surprise or shoot them from the thickets, they made the entrance 
to the fort secure and kept a careful watch. Thus the day passed, 
and none arriving at the fort, its inmates supposed the four families 
remaining out were all either killed or taken captives. 

"The McLellan family maintained anxious watcliing all that day 
and the following night. The next day, about noon, men were seen 
coming over what is now called the Aca<iemy Hill towards McLellan's 
house. At first sight they were supposed to be Indians, but they 
proved to be a scouting-party going to the fiirt; there were about a 
dozen armed men from Falmouth (Portland). The alarm-gun had 
been heard, and they were thus notified that Indians were about Gor- 
ham or Windham. At >Saecarnppa the scouting-party divided, and part 
went to Windham. The party for Gorliam came to McLellan's liouse, 
where they were joyfully received. McLellan's oxen, still yoked, 
were found in the woods, near by where they had been left the morn 
ing before. What furniture they had was quickly loaded on a cart, 
and under the protection of the scout they started for the fort. Near 



Bryant's house they met a party from the fort, who had ventured out 
that day to learn something of the extent of the mischief done by the 
savages. The bodies of Mr. Bryant und his children were carried to 
the fort, and buried near by with due propriety." 

Some days before this attaek Edward Cloutmaii's family 
liad removed from tlie garrison. On this day he had irone 
to his field to complete the sowing of liis grain. The 
Indians there discovered him, — some eight of them in a 
party together. He had a fine gun which they were 
anxious to obtain, and they thought also that his capture 
would be a discouraging blow to the settlement. He was 
a powerful man, of great muscular strength, and in the 
prime of life, being over six feet tall and weighing 220 
pounds. He was alone in his field when the Indians dis- 
covered liim. "As soon as his back was turned towards 
them, five of tlie savages ran towards him ; he saw them, 
and ran for Mr. Bryant's house. Coming to the fence 
where he had a short time before placed brush, in trying to 
leap over the fence he became entangled and fell back ; he 
rose and tried a second time, but did not succeed ; then 
two Indians sprang towards him; Cloutman knocked 
them down ; a third Indian he put under his feet ; two 
more savages came up with guns leveled at his breast. 
Cloutman then surrendered. Had it not been for the 
brush that entangled liim, he would probably have saved 
himself and the Bryant family." Cloutman was taken to 
Canada, whence he wrote his wife a letter, which she re- 
ceived in September following, relating the particulars of 
his capture. He informed her that the Indians took him 
and Reed and Mrs. Bryant westerly down the stream and 
remained concealed all day ; that at night two Indians 
approached the fort so near that they could hear the 
voices of the inmates; and that at midnight tlioy forded 
Little River. Mrs. Bryant being very feeble, Mr. Clout- 
man carried her on his back over all the streams, and many 
miles besides where the traveling was bad. They followed 
the Saco River, and passed through the Notch of the 
White Mountains. Cloutman and Dunbar made their 
escape, and it is supposed wore drowned in attempting to 
swim across a bay of Lake Champlain on making their way 
homeward. The skeletons of two men were found on the 
shore of the lake, and in the garment of one was found a 
pocket-compass, which w;is identified as one Cloutman had 
in Canada. 

" After peace was made, an Indian came to Gorham and 
called on Cloutman's widow, and with a beaver-skin wanted 
to buy an axe. She would not sell him her axe. He then 
went to Mr. Dennis Larry's hou.se and traded with him. 
The Indian told Mr. Larry that he wsis one of the party 
that captured Cloutman, and told how they did it. He 
said, ' Strong man, Cloutman ; he beat two Indians so they 
died before they got to Canada.' "* 

The widow of Edward Cloutman married Mr. Abraham 
Anderson, of Windham, where she died Dec. 1, 1802, aged 
eighty-four years. " She was the grandmother of Hon. 
John Anderson, of Portland, Hon. William Anderson, of 
Windham, and of Mrs. Ann Waterman, wife of Dr. John 
Waterman, of Gorham. Edward Cloutman left a son and 

s Pierce's History of Gorha 




JOHN H. ROBERTS 



was horn in the (own of (Torliain, Jan. 21, 1818. 
Tlie farm on whicli liis widow now resides was 
first settled hy Joseph Roherts, and has been in 
tlie family since. He is fourth son and fourth child 
of Samuel and Betsey (Huston) Roherts. His 
father was a native of Gorham, born June 2, 1799, 
and married, May 3, 1818, Betsey Huston, who 
was born in Portland, March 13, 1788. 

Mr. Roberts received his education in the common 
school and Gorham Academy. He married, Dec. 8, 
1850, Martha Ann, daughter of Thomas and Susan 
(Edwards) Worcester, who was born in Gorham 
Sept. 9,1819. 

Their children are Ella R., wife of Joim H. 
Harmon, of Buxton, York Co. ; Samuel W., I'c- 



sides on the homestead ; ISIartha L., wile of .lohn 
M. Russell, of Worcester Co., Mass. He \\as a 
member of the Baptist Church of South Gorham. 
In jiolities he was a Republican. 

In the late Rebellion he sacrificed his life for the 
good of his country, evincing that jiatriotism and 
bravery as a soldier which gave success to the Union 
arms. He enlisted in Company I, 17th Regiment 
Maine Volunteer Infantry, took part in several en- 
gagements, and was slightly wounded in the battles 
of (lettysburg and Jiocust Grove. 

During (ien. ({rant's (•ami)aign before Richmond 
he received a fatal wound, and died at Douglas 
Hospital, Washington, Aug. 15, 1864, after a lin- 
gering sickness of over three nimuhs. 



TOWN OF GORHAM. 



289 



daughter ; the latter died unmarried. His son, Timotliy, 
married Katy Partridge. Tiiey left a numerous family, 
who were respected and useful citizens of Gorham, and 
some of his descendants still reside in the town." 

Several other incidents occurred during this war : Col. 
Edmund Phinney was fired upon and wounded by a party 
of Indians while out in search of his cows ; a young man 
by the name of Bartholomew Thorn was captured and taken 
to Canada, where he remained seven years, and then re- 
turned to Gorham. It is said that one day during this 
Indian war five savages were killed on the Fort Hill road, 
near the brook southerly of Nathaniel Hamblen's house ; 
three of them fell by the gun of William 'McLellan. At 
another time, when all the men were out of the fort, an old 
dog, by his barking and frantic gestures, awakened the sus- 
picions of the females in the garrison. They closed the 
gate, and Mrs. McLellan, the wife of Hugh, ascended to 
the watch-bos, and carefully scanning the bushes and stumps 
in the vicinity, discovered an Indian behind a bush. She 
got a loaded musket and watched at the port-hole. Soon 
the Indian ro.se cautiously, surveying the fort. He stood 
in full view ; Mrs. McLellan fired ; her shot took effect. 
The men, hearing the report of the gun, came running to 
the fort to learn the cause. When told, they were incredu- 
lous; but an examination of the spot showed a pool of 
blood where the Indian had stood, and a bloody trail lead- 
ing into the woods. The Indian had escaped, or, if mor- 
tally wounded, had been carried off by his comrades. 

PUBLIC OFFICERS. 
DELEGATES TO TUE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. 
1774, Solomon LombnrJ ; 1775-76, Brjant Morton; 1777, Edmund 
Phinney; 1779, Solomon Lombard, to form State Constitution of 
Massachusetts. 

JUDGES OP COMMON PLEAS. 

1776-Sl, Solomon Lombard; 1784-99, Josiah Thaeher; 17S9-1S04, 
William Gorham; 1795-1811, Stephen Longfellow. 

JUDGES OP PROBATE. 

William Gorham, 1782-1805, twenty-three years. Since Maine be- 
came a State, Josiah Pierce, 1846-56, ten years. 

SENATORS UNDER MASSACHUSETTS. 
Josiah Thaeher, Stephen Longfellow, Lothrop Lewis, James Irish. 

SENATORS IN MAINE LEGISLATURE. 

Josiah Pierce, three years, president of the Senate, 1835-3C; Charles 
Hunt, two years ; James Mann, two years. 

Hugh D. McLellan was speaker of the House of the Maine Legisla- 
ture in 1847-48. 

EXECUTIVE COUNCILORS. 

Edmund Mann, of Gorcrnor Dunlap's Council ; Toppan Robie, of 
Governor Kent's Council; Dominicus Jordan, of Governors Fair- 
field's and Kavenagh's Council; Frederick Robie, of Governor 
Washburn's Council. 

Edward P. Weston, Superintendent of Common Schools^ 1S60-62. 

Daniel C. Emery was Sheriff of Cumberland County in 1856. 

Edmund Mann and .leremiah Parker, County Commissioners. 

John A. Waterman, County Treasurer, 1857-58, and Judge of Pro- 
bate, 1863-72. 

James Mann, County Treasurer, 1862. 

Lothrop Lewis, James Irish, and Joseph Adams were delegates to the 
convention that formed the constitution of Maine. 

37 



SELECTMEN. 

1765.— Benjamin Skillinss, Amos Whitney, Joseph Weston. 
176(). — Ccujamin Skillings, Amos Whitney, Bryant Morton. 
1767.— Benjamin Skillinga, Amos Whitney. Edmund Phinney. 
1768.— Hugh McLellan, Edmund Phinney, Joseph Calcs. 
176'J. — Edmund Phinney, Amos Whitney, James Gilkcy. 
1770-71.— Edmund Phinney, Jame.s (iilkey, Barnabas Bangs. 
1772. — Solomon Lombard, Edmund Phinney, Nathan Whitney. 
1773.— Edmund Phinney, James Gilkey, Samuel Whitmoro. 
1774.— Benjamin Skillings, Nathan Whitney, Prince Davis. 
1775.— Edmund Phinney, Prince Davis, William McLellan. 
1776. — William Gorham, Prince Davis, James Phinney. 
1777-78.— James Phinney, Andrew Crockett, Samuel Harding. 
1779. — James Phinney, James (jilkoy, Andrew Crockett. 
1780.— James Gilkey, Andrew Crockett, William Cotton. 
1781. — Edmund Phinney, William Gorham, Stephen Longfellow, Jr. 
1782.— Edmund Phinney, Stephen Longfellow, Jr., William McLel- 
lan. 
1783.— James Phinney, Prince Davis, William McLellan. 
1784. — James Phiuney, Stephen Longfellow, Jr., .'Austin .Mdon. 
1785. — Stephen Longfellow, Jr., James Phinney, Cary McLellan. 
1786.— Stephen Lnnglellow, Jr., James Phinney, Austin Alden. 
1787.— Stephen Longfellow, Jr., Austin Alden, Decker Phinney. 
1788. — Austin Alden, Decker Phinney, Nathaniel Frost. 
1789-92. — Stephen Longfellow, Jr., Samuel Elder, James Phinney. 
1792-94. — Stephen Longfellow, Jr., James Phinney, Decker Phinney. 
1794-96. — Stephen Longfellow, Decker Phinney, .Tosiah Alden. 
1796-1801. — Lothrop Lewis, Josiah Alden,'^-' Samuel Warren. 
1801-5. — Lothrop Lewis, Samuel Warren, Decker Phinney. 
1805-11. — Lothrop Lewis, Samuel Warren, Edmund Phinney, Jr. 
1811.— Lothrop Lewis, Edmund Phinney, Jr., Thomas McLellan. 
1812-15 — Lothrop Lewis, Edmund Phinney, Jr., David Harding, Jr. 
1815. — Toppan Robie, William McLellan, Samuel Warren. 
1815-18. — Lothrop Lewis, William McLellan, Toppan Robie. 
1S18.— Toppan Robie, David Harding, Jr., Edw. Wescott. 
1819,— David Harding, Jr., Toppan Robie, Matthew Johnson. 
1820.— Lothrop Lewis, James Irish, William Cobb. 
1S21.— Lothrop Lewis, William Cobb, Nathaniel Phinney. 
1822. — Lothrop Lewis, Nathaniel Phinney, Seward Merrill. 
1823.— Nathaniel Phinney, Toppan Robie, Simon Elder. 
1824.- Seth Webb, Toppan Robie, Simon Elder. 
1825.— Edmund Mann, David Harding, Jr., Simon Elder. 
1826.— Edmund Mann, Seward Merrill, .Seth Webb. 
1827. — Edmund Mann, Seward Merrill, Samuel Staples, Jr. 
1828.— Edmund Mann, Seward Merrill, Levi Hall. 
1829.- Edmund Mann, Seward Merrill, James Irish. 
1830.— Edmund Mann, Joseph Hamilton, Benjamin Skillings. 
1831.— Edmund Mann, Clark Swett, Robert JoHnson (3d). 
1832.— Seward Merrill, William Silla, Robert Johnson (3d). 
1833.— Seward Merrill, William Silla, Daniel C. Emery. 
1834.— Edward Mann, William Silla, Toppan Robie. 
1835. — Toppan Robie, Benjamin Skillings, Daniel C. Emery. 
1836.- Daniel C. Emery, George Strout.f Josiah L. Swett. 
1837. — Josiah Pierce, Josiah L. Swett, Benjamin Skillings, 
1838.— Josiah Pierce, Josiah L. Swett, William E. Files. 
1839-40. — Benjamin Skillings, Simon Elder, Charles 0. Libby. 
1841. — Edward Scamman, John Sturgis, Charles 0. Libby. 
1842.— Hugh D. McLellan, Simon C. Clements, Joseph W. Parker. 
1843-44.— Hugh D. McLellan. Jacob H. Clements, Joseph W. Parker. 
1845. — Jonathan Hanson, John Sturgis, Edward Seaman. 
1S46.— John Wingate, William Warren, Robert Johnson (3d). 
1S47. — John Wingate, William Warren, Daniel C. Emery. 
1348. — Daniel C. Emery, Merrill Thomas, Joseph M. Plummer. 
1849-50. — Merrill Thomas, Charles Paine, Joseph M. Plummer. 
1851. — Merrill Thomas, Charles Paine, Daniel Hall. 
1852. — ^MerriU Thomas, Charles Paine, Freeman Harding. 
1853. — Freeman Harding, William Merrill, Jr., Theodore Dame. 
1854. — Edward .Scamman, Daniel C. Libby, Joshua E. Hall. 
1855. — Edward Scamman, Freeman Harding, Joshua E. Hall. 
1856. — Edward Scamman, James Phinney, Jr., Joshua E. Hall. 

1857-58. James Phinney, Jr., Charles Moulton, Zebulon Whitney. 

1859.— Marshall Irish, Merrill T. Files, William Burton. 



^ Alden excused and Samuel Prentiss elected. 



t Resigned. 



230 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



1 sen.— Merrill T. Files, ■VVillinm Burton, Isanc E. McLcIlnn. 
1861.— Isaac E. McLclIiin, Sanrnel S. Waterhouse, Kdnin Coburn. 
1862.— Edwin Cubiirn. Samuel S. Watcrliousc. Mo8( 8 Fogg. 
ISfi;!.— Jusliua E. Hall, If. A. W.atsoii, George Chadbourn. 
ISB4.— J. W. Parker, li. A. Walfon, George Cbadbourn. 
1865.— J. W. Parker, James Phinncy, Edward Files. 
1866. — James Phinncy, Edward Files, Charles Johnson. 
1867. — James Phinncy, Charles Johnson, Joel Wilson. 
1868-69.— Joel M'ilson, Albert G. Bradbury, Solomon B. Cloudman. 
1870.— Solomon 13. Cloudman, Samuel F. Bacon, Lewis Libby. 
1871-72.— Samuel F. Bacon, Lewis Libby, S. S. Waterhouse. 
187.3.— Samuel F. Bacon, Mark Metier, Zebulon Whitney. 
1874. — Mark Mosicr, Zebulon Whitney, John S. Leavett. 
1875.— John S. Leavelt, Jose]ph Kidlon, Kimball Eastman. 
1876-77. — Joseph Rldlon, Jeremiah Parker, William L. Larrabce. 
1878.- Kimball Eastman, R. G. Harding, Jeremiah Parker. 
1879. — Samuel F. Bacon, Charles W. Deering, Henry Maybcrry. 

TOWN CLERKS. 
176-1-70, Amos Wbilncy; 1770-72, Wentworth Stuart ; 1772-7.3, Amos 
Whitney; 1772-76, William Goihnm; 1776-78, Caleb Chase; 
1778-1804, Austin Alden ; 1804-15, Josiah Alden; 1815-3.3, 
William H. Foster; 18.33-.37, William B. Harding; 1837-39, 
Eben Preble: 1839-42, RuSfcIl Linnell ; 1842-43, Charles C. 
Bangs; 1843-45, Eben Preble ; 1845-46, Rus?ell Linnell; 1846- 
49, William B. Harding; 1849-52, John Wingate; 1852-54, 
William B. Harding; 1854-55, James W. Davis; 1855-58, Samuel 
F. Bacon; 1858-61, E. W. Kevins; lSCl-64, M. G. Hayden; 
1864-66, C. Henry Paine; 1866-71, J. C. Sunimersidcs ; 1871-78, 
John C. Card ; 1878-79, David F. Watson ; 1879, J. C. Summer- 
sides. 

REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT OF MASSA- 
CHUSETTS. 

1765, Solomon Lomlinrd; 1766, voted not to send a re])resentative; 
1767-69, Solomon Lombard; 1770, voted not to send a represen- 
tative; 1771, none; 1772, voted not to send a representative on 
account of the ])overty of the town; 177.3, chose Wentworth 
Siewart, on condition that he will serve without expense to the 
town, which Mr. Siewart agreed to; 1774, voted not to send a 
representative; 1776, Bryant Morion ; 1776, Caleb Chu.-e; 1777, 
Bryant Morton; 1778-79, Edmund Phinney ; 1780, Solomon 
Lombard; 1781, none; 1782, Steiihen Longfellow, Jr. ; 1783-88, 
Josiah Thaehcr; 1788, Edmund Phinney; 1789-92, Josiah 
Thaeher; 1792, Stephen Longfellow and Josiah Thaehcr; 1793- 
95, Stephen Longfellow; 1795, Josiah Thaeher; 1796, Stephen 
Longfellow; 1797, Josiah Thaeher; 1798-1800, Stephen Long- 
fellow; lSOl-3, i^othrop Lewis; 1803, Lothrop Lewis; 1804-8, 
Lothrop Lewis; 1808, Lothrop Lewis and David Harding, Jr.; 
1809, David Harding, Jr., and Dudley F<dsom ; 1809-13, Lothrop 
Lewis, David Harding. Jr., and Dudley Folsom ; 1813-16, James 
Codman, David Harding, Jr., and Toppan Kobie; 1816, Samuel 
Stephenson, David Harding, Jr., and Toppan Ruble; 1817-19, 
David Haiding, Jr.; 1819-20, Lothrop Lewis, Toppan Robic, 
and Joseph Adams. 

SCHOOLS.* 

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. 

In tiie belief that some detailed accouut of the establish- 
ment of the normal school at Gorhani, and of the proceed- 
ings of the citizens of the town in providing suitable build- 
ings for the same, would be of general interest, and should 
be preserved, the following statements have been prepared. 

On the 18ih of January, 1877, on motion of Col. Robie, 
of Gorham, the House of Representatives 

•' Oidcrid : That the Superintendent of Common Schools be, and 
is hereby, requested to make such examination as he may deem neces- 
sary, looking to the establishment of a normal school in the western 
part of the State; and all parties interested are hereby authorized to 
communicate with him, setting forth the advantages of locality and 

« l!v Hon. .Inbn A. Waterman. 



the pecuniary bcnefils that may be offered to secure the school, and 
report by bill or otherwise to the next Legislature." 

The following order was introduced by Col. Robie, and 
concurred in by the House of Representatives, Jan. 17, 
1878: 

"Ordcial: In pursuance of an order of the last Legislature, request- 
ing the Superintendent of Common Schools to make such examination 
as he may deem necessary, looking to the establishment of a normal 
school in the western part of the State, be it further ordered, that he 
be requested to report to this Legislature any information or facts that 
he may have received from localities desiring a normal school, and his 
own conclusions and judgment in regard to the matter." 

Jan. 19, 1878, the Legislature ordered 

" That the Committee on Education be directed to make such ex- 
amination antl investigation as may he deemed necessary, looking to 
the establishment of a normal school in the western part of the State, 
giving all parties interested an opportunity to be heard, and to report 
by bill or otherwise." 

The Committee on Education reported the following bill 
to establish an additional normal school : 

" Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in 
Legislature assembled, as follows; 

" Skctio.v 1. There is hereby established another normal school, 
upon such plan as the board of trustees of normal schools may direct. 

"Sko. 2. Said normal school shall be located at Gorham, in the 
county of Cumberland, provided and upon condition that there be 
conveyed to the State by the proper authorities, for the use and pur- 
poses of such school, lancl, and buildings thereon, situated in said 
town, such as shall be, in the judgmcul of the trustees of the normal 
schools, of sufficient capacity and in such condition as to meet fully 
the demands of said school. And said trustees, upon such convey- 
ance, are authorized to procure teachers and put in operation such 
school, and cause the same to be conducted at a cost per year not 
greater than that of either of the pi-esent normal schools, such cost to 
be deducted and paid from the jiublie school funds." 

The bill was taken from the table, Feb. 15, 1878, and 
the House ordered the yeas and nays on its passage to be 
engrossed. The question being so taken, the bill was passed 
by yeas 101, nays 34. The vote in the Senate on its final 
passage was yeas 17, nays fi. 

The Legislature of 1878, without opposition, passed bills 
authorizing " the trustees of Gorham Seminary to convey 
the property of said corporation for the use and purposes 
of the normal school established at Gorham," and author- 
izing the town of Gorham,, or any of its school districts, to 
raise money for providing buildings for the same. 

At the annual town-meeting, held on the 4th of March, 
1878, a very large proportion of all the voters of the town 
being present, after a full discussion the town unanimously 
voted to raise $15,000 to aid in erecting a normal school 
building, with certain restrictions added thereto. 

The following individuals were selected to act for the 
town, in the capacity of building committee: Frederick 
Robie, Daniel C. Emery, John A. Waterman, Stephen 
Hinckley, Iloscoe G. Haiding, Solomon H. Cloudman, and 
Reuben Lowell. 

Tiie committee appointed as above submitted the follow- 
ing report, which was accepted by the town at its annual 
meeting, in March, 1879 : 

"To TIIK CiTIZKNS OF THE ToW S OF OoRIIAM: 

" The committee, appointed by the town at its last annual meeting, 
to whom were intrusted the interests of the town growing out of the 
location and establishment of the State Normal School and the ereo- 



i 



TOWN OF GORHAM. 



291 



lion therefor of suitable buildings in Gorham, have attended to 
their duty and beg leave to make the following report. They have, 
as was contemplated, acted in conjunction with coininittees duly se- 
lected by the trustees of Gorham Seminary, and by the subscribers 
to a fund raised in aid of the Normal School Building. The joint 
committee were duly organized and constituted thus : Frederick 
Robie, Chairman ; John A. Waterman, Treasurer ; George B. Emery, 
Secretary; Daniel C. Emery, Stephen Ilinkley, Joseph Ridlon, Mar- 
shall Irish, Roscoe G. Harding, Henry H. Hunt, Humphrey Cousens, 
Lewis McLellan, (Jeo. W. Lowell, Solomon B. Cioudm;in, and Reuben 
Lowell. The labors of the committee have been crowned with com- 
plete success. An elegant and noble building has been erected and 
completed, which is an ornament and honor to our town. The entire 
property has been duly accepted and transferred to the State. There 
is now in successful operation a State normal school department, with 
its model schools. The first class of pupils is unexpectedly large, and 
the opening of the Normal School promises all that its most sanguine 
friends ever anticipated. 

"The following items have been taken from the books of the treas- 
urer, which give a statement of the cost of the building, etc., and the 
sources from which funds were raised to pay the same. The treasurer 
paid out, — 

"For land $1,000.00 

" cellar and foundation wall ()22..')l) 

" building as per contract lH,.SSO.no 

" heating apparatus I,.S17.00 

" seats, desks, and other furniture 5^008.40 

101.60 

800.00 

" architect and superintendent's fees... fJOO.OO 

200.00 

800.00 

" grading, drain-pipe, and cesspool 250.00 

45.90 

. 295.90 

" extra work, insurance, coal and wood, printing, 

watchman, and sundry small items 296. .31 

$25,511.71 
** There has also been expended on the seminary 

property something over two thousand dollars... 2,000.00 

.?27,511.71 

" The following amounts have been collected and accounted for by 
the treasurer : 

"Money raised by the town $15,000.00 

From sale of old barn and apples 20.50 

Realized from village subscriptions 7,170.00 

The balance has been paid by the trustees of 
Gorham Seminary, by the provisions of special 
act of the Legislature, unless a small unpaid 
amount shall be collected from the subscription 
paper 5,321.21 

$27,511.71 

" The money raised by the town has gone entirely into the construc- 
tion account of the building. The committee have encountered raauy 
difficulties and perplexities, and have felt the weight of responsibility 
that has rested upon them, and have devoted much time and labor 
to secure a successful result. They subscribed and have paid ($5550) 
five thousand five hundred and fifty dollars towards the Normal School 
Building. They have received nothing, and make no charge for their 
services as committee, but are fully compensated in view of the pro- 
spective advantages which await our town. 

"Frederick Robie, Chaii-mnn, 

" For the committee.'* 

The following is a description of the school building, by 
Mr. F. H. Fassett, of Portland, the architect of the build- 
ing: " The style of the building is modern Gothic. The 
entire edifice rests on a solid ledge. The foundations are 
two feet thick, and laid in cement mortar. The underpin- 
ning, outside step.s, and buttresses, are of granite. All of 
the exterior walls and main partitions are of brick, 14 
inches in thickness. The outside course of the exterior 
Walls is of face brick. All the window and door trimmings, 



belt and string courses, are of Nova Scotia freestone ; the 
canopy over the front entrance is all freestone, projecting 
two feet from the face of the wall, and supported by free- 
stone columns, with elaborately-carved capitals. 

" On the front of the building there is a tower 14 by IG 
feet, surmounted by a pyramidal roof, ornamented with 
iron cresting and a copper vane. The entire height of the 
tower is 90 feet. On each side of the main building there 
is a pavilion, each 8 by 24 feet in size and 70 feet high, 
surmounted by pyramidal roofs and iron cresting. All the 
cornices and towers are of galvanized iron, that on the 
main building being bracketed and quite elaborate in de- 
tail. The roofs are high, having a pitch of 45°, and are 
slated and finished with an ornamental iron cresting. 

" The general ground-plan of the building is in the form 
of a cross, the vestibule and dressing-rooms forming the 
head, the main building making the two arms, and two 
model-school rooms the foot. The principal entrance opens 
into a vestibule, 33 by 18 feet, in which are two flights of 
wide stairs leading to the second and third stories. On 
the right and left of the vestibule are the dressing-rooms, 
each 10 by 19 feet. From the vestibule there is a corridor 
10 feet wide running through the main building, and com- 
municating with the entrances to the model-school rooms. 
On the right of the corridor is a class-room 24 by 27 feet, 
and a laboratory also 24 by 27 feet. On the left of the 
corridor are three classrooms, one 17 by 34 feet, the other 
two 12 by 27 feet each. All can be thrown into one room 
by sliding partitions. 

" Each of the model-school rooms is 22 by 26 feet, and 
the two are divided by a glazed partition arranged so as to 
throw them into one when occasion requires. Each lias a 
separate outside entrance opening into a corridor 9 feet 
wide, running at right angles to the main corridor and con- 
necting with it, thereby giving three spacious entrances to 
the building on the ground floor. 

" The second floor contains a staircase, hall 33 by 17 
feet, the main hall and school-room 48 by 70 feet. In the 
rear, over the model-school room, is a class-room 34 by 22 
feet, teachers' room 17 by 22, library 17 by 22 feet. The 
first floor is 14 feet high in the clear, the second 16 feet. 
In thebasement are located the steam-boiler, cisterns, water- 
tanks, and water-closets. The third story is unfinished. 
All the interior finish is of Michigan pine, oiled and var- 
nished. The floors throughout are Georgia pine. The 
whole building is thoroughly heated by steam." 

The exercises of the dedication of the Normal School 
building contain so many things of historic interest that 
we do not feel at liberty to omit them entirely from this 
brief sketch of the town of Gorham. 

The dedication, which took place Dec. 26, 1878, wa.s 
attended by a large concourse of people and by many dis- 
tino-uished visitors from the capital and other portions of 
the State. The Governor came not only to participate in 
the exercises, but to receive in person, as the executive 
head of the State, the munificent gift which the liberality 
of the people of Gorham had provided, and the deed of 
which was now ready to be transferred. Hon. Frederick 
Robie, president of the Board of Trustees of the Gorham 
Seminary, and chairman of the Building Committee, pre- 



2i)2 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



sented the building to the State in the following able and 
appropriate address : 

ADDRESS OF UON. FREDERICK R015IE. 

" Fkllow-Citizens of the State, Ladies and Gentlemen, — In 
bohaU' of the citizens of Gorham I welcome you as participators in 
the exercises of this interesting occasion. I could wish that your 
coming had been at a mihier season of the year. We arc not witliout 
a laudable pride in the summer beauties of our natural scenery, and 
under a warmer sky, instead of a cold December morning, we would 
have challenged your admiration. As it is, we trust you will find a 
compensation in the interesting ceremonies before us. 

" I am delegated and instructed by the town of Gorham, also act- 
ing under the direction of the trustees of Gorham vSeminary, and in 
their behalf, respectively, am prepared to present to the State of 
Maine a deed, duly executed, of the real and personal property which 
was contemplated should be given to the State as a consideration for 
the location, establishment, and maintfnance of a State Normal School 
in the town of Gorham, 

" The conditions on which the location was to be made are fully set 
forth by an act and resolve of the-last Legislature of the State. The 
parties whom I have the honor to represent, fully believing in the 
local and general advantages which were to accrue from accepting 
the conditions, readily consented to bear the pecuniary burden and 
other responsibilities which were necessary to be carried in order to 
secure the location and maintenance of a State Normal School. On 
this interesting occasion, in behalf of my fellow-townsmen, I thank 
the official representatives of the State for the opportunity given us 
to test our sincerity and faith in the future success of the Institution, 
the buildings of which are now completed. In early spring, after a 
preliminary but thorough examination of all our Academy and Semi- 
nary property, plans and specifications were executed, and a request 
was made by the State authorities for more extensive grounds, also 
the erection of a new school building was urged on a broader scale 
than was at first contemplated. These requirements, in the judg- 
ment of the State authorities, were considered essential for a suc- 
cessful school, and a compliance therewith on our part became 
necessary to secure its location. The proposition was an abandon- 
ment of the old Academy and its grounds for Normal School purposes. 

" It was a plan entirely different from our previous intentions and 
declarations, and called for a much larger outlay of money than had 
ever been contemplated. After some hesitancy and deliberation the 
proposition was unanimously accepted by all of the parties inter- 
ested, and fortunately the wisdom of the course has become apparent 
to all. An eligible and sjiacious lot was selected by the State 
authorities, and immediately purchased by the trustees of Gorham 
Seminary. 

"Active work followed, and the 'corner-stone' of the new building 
was laid six months ago. From that early period the supervision 
and examination of the many details incident to the progress of the 
work have received the careful attention of a competent and skillful 
architect, under the watchful care and direction of the State Normal 
School Board of Trustees. After a recent inspection of the entire 
work of the new building and Seminary, I am informed that this 
honorable Board, ofTicially representing the State, are fully satisfied 
that all of the conditions and requirements have been substantially 
met and performed by the parties that I represent; and they have 
expressed a willingness to accept the same, and further declare that 
the State of Maine on its part may properly receive charge of the 
entire property for purposes indicated by the action of the last 
Legislature. 

"The new building is now (-(nnpletc ; it U-lls its own story. We 
invito a careful personal inspection from the public of its external 
and internal arrangements. We have the pleasure and satisfaction 
to point out and name some of the considerations of value which are 
spread out before us connected with this undertaking. The deed 
which I hold conveys the recent purchase of land on which the 
Normal School building has been erected. The spot and associations 
which surround it arc intercisting and historic, particularly so to an 
inhabitant of Gorham. It is a part of the original lot of our earliest 
settlers, and the title comes from a lineal descendant of the same 
family and name (McLellan) which furnished the deed and title for 
the lot on which tlie old Academy stiiuds in close proximity. The 
summit on which the Normal School building has been erected com- 



mands an extensive and splendid prospect. In a southerly direction 
wc notice the blue waters of the Atlantic, on whose broad bosom as 
many as fifty sailing vessels can frequently be seen by aid of the eye 
alone. The brave men of the ocean, as they pass and repass this 
high elevation, can easily recognize the public building on its summit. 
The farmer, mechanic, and man of business, as they hurry along the 
great public thoroughfares which run in full sight of this builiiing, 
must be impressed with its importance and use. Buildings of this 
character, so conspicuous, become public monuments, which indicate 
the sentiment of the people. They inspire the beholder with confi- 
dence in the future. Far towards the north and west are seen the 
rocky but cultivated hills of old Oxford, and farther still the White 
Mountains, the highlands and granite hills of New Hampshire, and 
at shorter distances we see numerous villages with prominent church 
spires; between these are spread out the happy rural homes of the 
farmers of York and Cumberland, and thus a grand panorama invites 
and captivates the eye as it follows along a beautiful and extended 
landscape. As we turn to the west and south, Mt. Hope, the high- 
lands of York County, and the fertile valleys of Saco are ours in 
sight. Towards the east are the neighboring towns of Westbrook, 
Windham, Cumberland, and even Androscoggin County is seen in 
the far distance. In full view is the city of Portland, with its hos- 
pital, many church spires, and public schools, — ' The Forest City,' — 
it sits proudly on its own hills, 'the gem of the sea.' 

" Pardon me, if we change the scope of our vision and look directly 
about us. The summit sind the building which stands upon it are 
seen from nearly every home in town. It readily commands nearly 
every spot that is memorable in the history of our town. Let us 
pause and look upon an interesting and historic picture: in plain 
sight is the farm-lot of the first settler, the spot where the first tree 
was felted by the woodman's axe, the forest home of Capt. John 
Phinney, and the cleared grounds once occupied by his neighbors, — • 
the Cloudmans, McLellans, Watsons, Moshicrs, Hamblins, and Irishes, 
— families of olden times; the spot where the Bryant family was 
massacred by the Indians, April 19, 1746; the hill on which stood 
the old fort where all our early inhabitants gathered for mutual pro- 
tection and safety, and during a residence of seven long years were 
the subjects of untold suffering, keen privations, dire want, and 
conptant fears. Consecrated spot ! where the gospel was first preached 
and the early schoolmaster was at home; where manly heroism was 
developed and the better hereditary characteristics of our people 
were formed; where the seeds of loyalty were so^vn and took root, 
fully ripe when the crisis of our Revolutionary history called for a 
hardy race of brave men. Such were the representatives of the 
families who lived in the fort on yonder hill. At every turn of the 
wheel which marks or measures an era of progress let the chain con- 
necting us with the past continue unbroken but lengthened, so that 
a union may ever bo perfect in memory berweeu the present genera- 
tion and our ancestors. Near by the Normal School building the eye 
rests upon the soldiers' monument. It will teach a silent but per- 
petual lesson to our youth, that the memory and deeds of brave and 
loyal men never die; and although an humble patriot soldier may 
sleep forever far, far from home, he is ever remembered by a grateful 
and intelligent people. AVe cannot pass by the old Academy build- 
ing, which is the nearest neighbor to the Normal School. It has a 
remarkable history, commencing three-quarters of a century ago; 
not only revered by all for its antiquity, but still more for what it 
has done for science and learning. There is a strong and abiding 
sentiment of attachment for this old temple of learning, and it is by 
no means confined to our own citizens; for it is the Alma Mater of a 
numerous and distinguished Alumni scattered throughout our State 
and found in far-distant homes. The niunes of the former promi- 
nent men of our town are connected with its early history, — Judge 
Stephen Longfellow, Judge William Gorham, Hon. Lothrop Lewis, 
and Dr. Dudley Folsom. The Irishes, McLellans, Phinneys, and 
many others were persevering in their efforts and generous wilh 
their means to establish the Academy. They were public-spirited 
men who sleep in yonder graveyard, but their memories are still 
attached to and preserved in that building of beautiful proportion 
and model. Its heavy and reliable frame of oak has outlived the 
shade-trees that surrounded it, and looks as if it might defy the 
storms of centuries. There is a determination that it shall be faith- 
fully preserved, and long may it stand; the shadows of the two 
buildings will meet and blend fraternally together. — the one repre- 
sents the past, the other the present, generation. 



TOWN OF GORHAM. 



293 



"The Seminary brick building, which was erected in 1836, at a cost 
of $20,000, and dedicated in the year 1S37, has been thoroughly re- 
paired, heated by steam, and the deed which has been executed con- 
veys the same to the Slate, together with a large qunntity of personal 
property. It will moke a valuable and convenient dormitory for 
teachers and students. The new brick building which has been 
erected for the use of the Normal School, and about to be conveyed to 
the State, is nearly perfect in its architecture and design; it is built 
and finished of the best material, well ventilated, with steam heating 
apparatus, costly furniture, and everything connected with it has been 
carefully arranged with every modern improvement. It will bear close 
inspection and stand the test of criticism. 

" To accomplish so much, the liberality of our town and the private 
resources of our citizens have been appealed to, and there has always 
been a ready and willing response. The amount of money that has 
been raised by our citizens, and expended by the committee, to secure 
the location of the Normal School, exceeds $28,000. The deed, which 
I shall have the honor to deliver to the State, conveys real and per- 
sonal property which cannot be estimated in value by a less sum than 
$40,000. We have endeavored to meet our promises and comply with 
every condition enjoined upon us, and the Normal School is ready to 
start on its high mission. We place implicit confidence in the faith 
and strong arm of the State of Maine that it will meet its obligations 
and do its part liberally, and as the result of continued wise legisla- 
tion, we predict that this new educational enterprise will be honored 
and respected. 

" I have stated within narrow limits and under some disadvantages 
a few jioints, and have made such remarks as the present occasion 
naturally suggests. I must now draw to a close, and it becomes my 
pleasant duty to present and deliver to your Excellency, represtnting 
the State of Maine, the property herein described, to wit: the Normal 
School building, contents, and real estate, containing 5 acres of land: 
the brick seminary, contents, and real estate, containing 3 acres of 
land. The property is considered valuable, but the associations and 
memories that cling to it are dear and sacred. In the Seminary, we 
jiart with an old friend and a fond relationship, but the cloud has a 
silver lining, for the future holds out brighter promises; and at the 
commencement of this new departure, in behalf of the trustees, who 
have so long labored for its best interests, also in behalf of my towns- 
men, I promise the State that there will be the same continued sym- 
pathy, and determined eifort for the advancement and success of this 
new enterprise, that has been our pleasure and duty to bestow upon 
the old. I cannot better conclude my remarks than by repeating an 
extract from an address delivered by the Rev. Reuben Nason seventy- 
two years ago, on the occasion of the dedication of Gorham Academy. 

"He was a man of wisdom and righteousness, and during a distin- 
guished service of twenty-eight years among this people as principal 
and instructor of the academy was honored of all men, and the fol- 
lowing words which he then uttered, probably taken from the only 
]>rinted copy in existence, will be interestin;^ to our older citizens who 
were once his pupils: 'Inhabitants of this town and vicinity, — To 
behold commodious and elegant mansions rising where lately was a 
dreary wilderness; to behold the securities, the comforts, and delights 
of civilized life enjoyed, where beasts, antl men no less fierce than 
they, formerly roamed; to behold the refined and liberal arts sup- 
planting the barbarity and ignorance of savage life; and the divine 
religion of the Prince of Peace taking the place of horrid supersti- 
tion, must afford exalting pleasure to every good and generous mind. 
Permit the speaker to congratulate you upon the flourishing state of 
things among and around you, and especially to offer you his warm 
congratulations upon your possession of means to train your rising 
hopes to virtue and usefulness. 

" ' Much praise is due to our civil fathers for their readiness to in- 
corporate and endow this nursery of learning. But to your liberal 
and spirited exertions are we indebted for its present respectable ap- 
pearance. Without your fostering care it must have languished, and 
many years have elapsed before it could possess its present vigor and 
stability. May you be rewarded by the gratitude, the improvement, 
and usefulness of its children. A richer reward generous minds will 
not require. Encouraged by your example may new benefactors arise, 
who shall supply by their liberality what is yet wanting. Finally, 
may the Author of every good gift, and Governor of the world, take 
the institution under his holy protection. May he preside over it and 
bless it. May he furnisL its instructors and overseers with wisdom 
and discretion, and feed, its pupils with knowledge and understand- 



ing. May infidelity and impiety, vice and ignorance, with all their 
baneful train, be banished far from its walls. May it foster none who 
reverence and love not the God of their fathers and the Redeemer of 
men. May the pl.ants nurtured here bring forth those fruits which 
shall make glad the cities of our God. May Gorham Academy [may 
I supply State Normal School, established in Gorham, Dec. 26, 1878?] 
be distinguished for learning, virtue, and good order, till time shall 
be no longer.' 

" Governor Connor, I now deliver to your Excellency the deeds and 
property heretofore described, and the keys of the building ; and m.ay 
our noble State, the State of Maine, which has been honored by your 
careful and distinguished guidance for a series of prosperous years, 
ever find as true and just a defender of all its material interests." 

REPLY OF GOV. CONNOR. 

" M n. C n A Hi 51 A s,— The Sta te, i n establishing another Normal .'^chool 
by the act to which you have referred, required, as a condition pre- 
cedent to its location in the town of Gorham, that there should be 
conveyed to the State lands aiid buildings of sufhcient capacity and 
in such condition as to fully meet the demands of the school. The 
determination of the proper fulfillment of the requirements of the 
State was intrusted to the judgment of the board of trustees of Nor- 
mal Schools. In behalf of th.at board it is my agreeable duty to an- 
nounce to you and the authorities you represent that all the conditions 
imposed by the act have, in the judgment of the trustees, been fully 
complied with, it being the understanding that the unfinished work 
shall be speedily completed, and that with the receipt of muniments 
of title from your hand the Normal School at Gorham is duly estab- 
lished as a State institution. 

" I am confident that I stand in small danger of using words of undue 
warmth and earnestness in expressing the sentiments with which my 
colleagues and myself regard this munificent gift which you now make 
to the State. To say that we are so well satisfied of the sufficiency 
of the property you donate as to feel warranted in accepting it is an 
entirely inadequate statement of the estimation in which it is held by 
us. It is in the highest degree gratifying to receive, in the name of 
the State, these spacious grounds, these stately and commodious 
buildings, dedicated to the noblest uses, the free offering of generous 
and public-spirited citizens. The reasons for gratification are mani- 
fold and obvious. To those who have had an opportunity to see, ex- 
amine, and note the character and extent, the worth and beauty of 
the donation, and its surpassing fitness for the purpose to whichit is 
devoted, no argument is needed to set forth by how much the State is 
a,, gainer, in the intrinsic value of the property, and in the facilities 
it presents for effective service to the State in one of its prime func- 
tions, — the education of its citizens. It is a most pleasing reflection 
to the trustees, as it must be to all friends of popular education, that 
such an accession to the means of training teachers sensibly increases 
the promise and strengthens the hope of materially advancing the in- 
terests of the common school. Beautiful and valuable as is your gift, 
the State is not more enriched by its possession than honored by the 
example it displays of a distinguished public benefaction, and by the 
instance it affords of the character of our communities and people, of 
their appreciation of what is best and highest, and of a zeal ready to 
sacrifice selfish interests for common good. 

" In the name of the State of Maine, and with full confidence that 
the people will ratify my words when they come to kntiw the obliga- 
tions of gratitude you have placed them under, I thank you — the 
people of the town of Gorham, the authorities of the Seminary, and 
all individuals who have contributed to it — for your noble and admi- 
rable gift, and for the exhibition it affords of a generous spirit, bring- 
ing honor to yourselves and reflecting honor upon the people of the 
whole State. Among all the advantages that attend the infant insti- 
tution and endow it with the fair prospect of a brilliant and successful 
future, the nature of its origin is a strong encouragement of hopeful 
auguries. It owes its being to the inlelligenoe, liberality, and benevo- 
lence of this town, and I cannot but believe that these virtues will 
impart to their offspring a character in keeping with the fine strain 
from which it proceeds, and that this school will be distinguished for 
the faithful observance of all the duties and responsibilities that lie 
before it. 

"'In the detailed history you have given of the course of events 
leading to the consummation of to-day — a history, permit me to say, 
of great present interest and^)f permanent value — you have referred 



294 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY", MAINE. 



to the action of tbc board of trustees in the kindly manner our asso- 
ciation with the authorities on the part of the town would lead us to 
expect. The agents of the State nnd the agents of the town have 
been animated by the cotnmon purpose to make the most liberal pro- 
vision possible for the pro«pcctivo needs of the school, and both par- 
ties have been equally solicitous that nothing should be left undone 
that could add to its capacity for usefulness. The requirements of the 
trustees have been promptly acceded to and their suggestions have 
been courteously entertained. There has b^en no driving of close 
bargains, no unjust exactions on the one side, or attempt on the other 
to evade proper demands. In the important matter of the selection 
of a site for the main building, the town authorities gracefully yielded 
their preference to the choice made by the trustees, and later on, as 
you have assured ut*, became convincL-d of the wisdom of the choice. 
I think there need be no fear that the suitableness of the location will 
be challenged. 

*' While the trusties signified their wishes in respect to the number, 
size, and arrangement of the rooms of the jiroposed structure, they 
made no jiitipulations in relation to the architectural features and 
adornments of its exterior. The edifice owes its beautiful design, 
symmetry, artistic grace and embellishments to the genius of the ar- 
chitect and the taste and liheralily of the local authorities. 

" The new Normal School enters upon its existence under the most 
favorab'c auspices. Situated on a convenient eminence, commanding 
a wide typical New England prospect, comprising mountains and the 
Sfa, the city, villages, and rural scenes; in the midst of this liistoric 
town and among an intelligent and refined people traditionally 
friendly and helpful to scholars in consequence of years of associa- 
tion with successive generations of pupils of the academy and the 
seminary J provided with ample accommodations fur boarding pupils, 
and fairly equipped in all respects for its work, no influence or pro- 
vision seems wanting to make it a power in the school system of the 
State. The State will not fail to continue to provide for the worthy 
conduct of the school. A principal has been elected whose character, 
reputation acquired in the discharge of important public trusts, warm 
interest in the educational affairs and large experience in them, con- 
stitute the best guarantee that the standard of the school will be placed 
at a high point and maintained there. The Gorham Normal School, 
in connection with two other normal schools which have done such 
excellent service, will go far towards realizing that quality of common 
schools short of which the ])eople of Maine will not rest contented, 
for they bold the instruction of their children in like esteem as the 
Spartau who requested, in reply to the demand of their enemy for 
fifty bnys as hostages, that they might instead furnish a hundred 
grown men, since they could ill spare the young in the season of their 
discipline and instruction. 

" I thank you, Mr. Chairman, for your kind reference to myself. It 
will always remain among the most pleasing recollections of my offi- 
cial duties that I was connected with the noble enterprise whose com- 
pletion we now celebrate, and privileged to receive for the State this 
costly gift, which breathes the very spirit of peace and good-will char- 
acteristic of this Christmas time." 



ADDRESS OF REV. GEORGE SPALDING, D.D. 

We can find space only for t!»e following extract from 
Dr. Spalding's address : 

"... The people of Gorhara, years before this province became a 
State, were distinguished for their culture, and for the sacrifices which 
they made to S'icurc the e:^tablishment among them of an advanced 
institution of learning. It is now just three-quarters of a century since 
the Gorham Academy was incorporated. It was one of the earliest 
institutions of its kind in Northern New England. For years it did 
a splendid service in the cause of education, sending forth as from a 
fountain-bead influences which were powerfully felt throughout the 
entire State. I recall with personal gratification the fact that the first 
preceptor^' of your academy, and the one who was longest and most 
closely identified with it, was a n;itive of my own town,f and received 
his education from the teachings of one of my predecessors in office ; 
and I recall another, the first lady principal;^ of your seminary, whoso 

^ Uev. Kcuben Nason. 

t Dover, N. H. I Mrs. John Lord. 



supreme womanly qualities, whose noble culture and earnest Christian 
spirit, wcre^'our admiration here, and which, in her last days, so richly 
blessed the community in which I was horn. 

" The generous spirit of the olden days abides with you still. Then 
the citizens of Gorhara contributed, out of thuir scanty resources, 
$:^U00 for the use of the academy; an i now, by public tax and pri- 
vate gifts, you have donated the munificent sum of nearly S;iO,tM)l), 
presenting it to the people of Maine, in the form of a commodious 
and elegant building, which you have placed upon the choicest spot 
in all your noble surroundings. I cannot conceive of circumstances 
more auspicious for the great enterprise which we formally institute 
to-day. It may well evoke your higherst anticipations of success, and 
the good wishes an 1 ardent hopes of every citizen of the State." . . . 

The dinner in lUdlon's Hall was presided over by Hon. 
Frederick Robic. The speakers were the chairman, Gov- 
ernor Connor; Mr. Corthell, Mayor Butler, of Portland; 
Rev. Jonathan Edwards, D.D. ; Hon. John A. Waterman, 
who read letters from Josiah Pierce, Esq., of London, and 
Hon. W. W. Rice, M.C., of Worcester, Mass.; Hon. 
Warren H. Vinton; Stanley T. PuUen, Esq.; John M. 
Adams, Esq. ; William Guptill, Esq. ; Henry Warren, 
Esq., of Dover, N. H. ; Prof. S. J. Young, of Brunswick ; 
and G. B. Emery, Esq. 

ODE.§ 

" Rude was the shrine our f.ithers reared 
On this ancestral sod. 
Where, as the sacred days appeared. 
They met to worship God. 

"The drum-beat was their Sabbath bell, 
Near by the rifle lay, 
And thus, as ancient legends tell. 
They met to watch and pray. 

"Black with the smoke of clearing fires, 
The log-built school-house stood, 
Where hardy sons of hardy sires 
Their daily tasks pursued. 

" We grasp the prize for which they fought. 
The spirit of their plan ; 
With broader reach and wealth of thought, 
Complete what they began. 

"The Commonwealth, the teacher's chair 
Its special work has made, 
And summons those that task to share 
Whose gifts her purpose aid ; 

"Men trained to benefit their kind, 
And with persistent toil 
Turn the deep furrows of the mind, 
And till a virgin soil. 

" Hence sowers shall go forth to sow 
Good seed in earnest hearts; 
The teacher gathers to bestow 
The treasures he imparts. 

" This pile the townsmen's gift attests, 
Their range and breadth of thought, 
The product in the children's breast 
Of truths the fathers taught. 

"Emblem of jiowcr, the nurse of thought 
And bulwark of the State, 
Thy walls are with a glory fraught 
That time shall ne'er abate." 



§ By Rev. Elijah Kellog 



TOWN OF GOEHAM. 



295 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

Goiham contains nineteen public school districts and two 
high schools, viz. : the high school at White Rock, A. 
W. Potter, principal, IMiss Lucy E. Lowell, assistant; and 
the high school at West Gorham, taught by Mr. Willis 
0. Dyke. Both of these schools give evidence of superior 
instruction. In the high school at White liock, there 
were reported for the year ending March 1, 1879, the fol- 
lowing number of pupils from the several districts: District 
No. 9, 24 ; No. 10, 10 ; No. 19, 2 ; No. 18, 2 ; No. 15, 3 ; 
No. 6, 3; total, 44. High school at West Gorham, num- 
ber of scholars, 47, from the following districts : No. 3, 
6-; No. 5,34; No. 8,4; No. 11,3. 

The committee say, — 

"The schools have been generally succes.eful, although great im- 
provement may be made in most of them by cultivating more inde- 
pendence of thought, and confining the recitation less closely to the 
text-books. By the mere use of books, information may be crammed 
into the mind; but to awaken thought and develop character is a far 
higher work. There is also, in some of our schools, but little sense of 
decorum. This is a very important element in education. The at- 
tention of teachers is especially called to this part of their duty. The 
work of teaching involves great responsibility, and no one should 
engage in it who does not highly value its opportunities for doing 
good to the minds, manner.*, and character of liis pupils. 

" We wish to call the attention of parents to the low average of at- 
tendance, which can be improved by them alone. Less importance is 
attached by many parents to punctuality at school than to any of the 
regular duties of children at home. This produces in the mind of 
the child indifference to study and to good mental habits. 

"The presence of the parents occasionally in the school is requi- 
site to the best progress of their children. While we may freely ap- 
propriate money and procure the services of the best teachers, the 
highest results cannot be obtained without the individual attention of 
the parents." 

The estimated value of school property in the town, in- 
cluding lots, buildings, and furniture, is $13,530.70. Money 
expended for schools during the fiscal year, $5342.35. 
Number of scholars returned by agents, 981. 

School Committee. — Kimball Eastman, Koscoe G. Hard- 
ing, Jeremiah Parker, Melville Johnson, H. S. Huntington, 
M; T. Files. 

The town farm, containing accommodations for the poor, 
is superintended by Daniel D. Plumnier. The number 
of inmates of the house during the year was 7. The 
selectmen report the value of the farm property and the 
product of hay considerably increased. They say, — 

"We have visited the farm frequently, and have always found the 
house well kept and the inm.ates clean and neat." 

Money raised by tax during the year, $22,497. 74 ; valu- 
ation, $1,191,776; number of polls taxed, 731; rate of 
taxation, $1.70 on $100 ; poll tax, $3. 

SOLDIERS' MONUMENT. 
The monument stands directly in front of the town-house. 
It is made of Italian marble, with die and shaft, the latter 
m obelisk form, and rests upon a substantial base of granite. 
The die has inscribed upon it the names of our deceased 
soldiers. The shaft is ornamented with military emblems, 
carved in relief, and the whole structure is surmounted by 
the American eagle. All the carving as well as the general 



finish of the monument is very handsome and appropriate. 
The height of the column is twenty-four feet. The base 
block has the following inscription : 

KRECTED BY 

HON. TOPPAN ROBIE. 

To the Memory of the Sons of Gorham who sacrificed their Lives for 

their Country in the great Kcbellion of IS61. 

1S66. 

The following inscriptions appear on the die in order: 

Captain Almon L. Fogg, 17th Maine Regiment, mortally wounded at 

Gettysburg, Pa., July 3d, 186:!, died July 4th, aged 2t. 
Captain Oliver H. Lowell, 16th Maine Regiment, mortally wounded 

at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1st, 1.S63, died July 2d, aged .33. 
Captain Daniel M. Phillips, 12th Maine Regiment, killed at Winches- 
ter, Va., Sept. 19th, 1S64, aged 28. 
Captain Chester B. Shaw, 9th Maine Regiment, killed at Fort Wagner, 

S. C, July ISth, 18C3, aged 25. 
Lieutenant George W. Edwards, 16th Maine Regiment, killed at 

Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13th, 1862, aged 22. 
Sergeant Joseph Files, Jr., 32d Maine Regiment, killed at Spottsyl- 

vania, Va., May 12th, 1864, aged 30. 
Sergeant John McPhec, 16th Maine Regiment, killed at Petersburg, 

Va., April 2d, 1865, aged 35. 
Sergeant Charles II, Patrick, 5th Maine Regiment, died at Washing- 
ton, D. C, July 3d, 1864, aged 28. 
Sergeant Horatio F. Smith, 31st Maine Regiment, died at Gorham, 

Aug. 28ih, 1864, aged 19. 
Corpor.al William Cannell, Jr., 16th Maine Regiment, killed at Gettys- 
burg, Pa., July 1st, 1863, aged 30. 
Corporal Shirley Harmon, Jr., 2d Maine Cavalry, died at Gorham, 

Oct. 28, 1864, aged 18. 
Corporal Benjamin F. Metcalf, 16th Maine Regiment, died at Gorham, 

June 24th, 1863, aged 20. 
Corporal Henry H. Newell, 5th Maine Regiment, died at Alexandria, 

Va., Nov. 28lh, 1861, aged 21. 
Corporal Mahlon II. Parker, 12th Maine Regiment, killed at Port 

Hudson, La., May 31st, 1863, aged 22. 
Sergeant Cyrus M. Hall, I7th Maine Regiment, killed at Gettysburg, 

Pa., July 3d, 1863, aged 22. 
Sergeant William H. Johnson, 9lh Maine Regiment, died at Gorham, 

Feb. 15th, 1866, aged 44. 
Corporal Morris F. Bumpu.«, 5th Maine Regiment, wounded at Spott- 

sylvania, Va., May 10th, died May 12th, 1864, aged 29. 
Corporal John F. Harding, 16th Maine Regiment, wounded at Hat- 
cher's Run, Va., Feb. 5th, died Feb. 21st, 1865, aged 22. 
Corporal Daniel L. Robert.", 12th Maine Regiment, died at Ship 

Island, Miss., May 15th, 1862, aged 25. 
Corporal George S. Reed, 5lh Maine Regiment, died in Westbrook, 

Me., April 27th, 1864, aged 48. 
Corporal Charles M. Ward, 5th Maine Regiment, killed at Spottsyl- 

vania, Va., May 12th, 1861, aged 23. 
Abram S. Andrews, 16lh Maine Regiment, died in Libby Pri.-on, 

Richmond, Va., Nov. 2d, 1863, aged 21. 
James B. Brown, 17th Maine Regiment, died at Frederick, Md., Aug. 

1st, 1863, aged 21. 
Freeman Brown, 17th Maine Regiment, died at Baltimore, Md., April 

21st, 1865, aged 34. 
Franklin H. Blake, 11th U. S. Infantry, wounded at Spottsylvania, 

Va., May 8th, died May 9lh, 1864, aged 20. 
George W. Coonley, Baker's D. C. Cavalry, died at Augusta, Me., 

March 1st, 1864, aged 18. 
William F. Dunn, 20th Maine Regiment, died at Capo Elizabeth, Me., 

April 14th, 1865, aged 19. 
Peter Duffcy, 5th Maine Regiment, killed at Petersburg, Va., June 

20th, 1864, aged 22. 
Ormond L. Douglass, 1st California Cavalry, killed at Fort Laramie, 

Kansas, October, 1864, aged 23. 
Alonzo S. Elder, 5th Maine Regiment, wounded at Rappahannock, 

Va., Nov. 8th, died Nov. lOlh, 1863, aged 23. 
Albert S. Estes, I3lh Mass. Regiment, killed at Manassas, Va., Aug. 
29th, 1862, aged 25. 



29G 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Ephraitn Ilieks, 17th Maine Regiment, killeil at Gettysburg, Pa., July 

2d, ISn:!, a^ed 21. 
James E. Haskell, ITth Maine Regiment, killed at Fredericksburg, 

Va., Dee. 13lh, 1862, aged 20. 
Joseph D. Harmon, 5th Maine Regiment, killed at Gaines' Mills, Va., 

June 27th, 1862, aged 22. 
Lewis Libby, 20th Maine Regiment, died at Philadcl|ihia, Pa., July 

7th, 1805, aged 20. 
Solomon Mains, 10th Maine Regiment, wounded at Antictam, Md., 

Sept. 17th, died Sept. ISth, 1862, aged 37. 
George H. Merrctt, oth Maine Regiment, killed at St. Charles, Ark., 

June LS, 1802, aged 22. 
William Powers, 17th Maine Regiment, died at Washington, D. C, 

Jan. 11th, 1863, aged 20. 
Charles F. Riggs, 6th Maine Battery, killed at Petersburg, Va., Dec. 

5th, 1861, aged 24. 
John II. Roberts, 17th Maine Regiment, wounded at Spottsylvania, 

Va., May 12th, died Aug. 15th, 1864, aged 45. 
Emery Rolfe, 5th Maine Regiment, died at Governor's Island, N. Y., 

Nov. 2, 1862, aged 20. 
Freedom D. Hand, 11th Maine Regiment, wounded at the Wilderness, 

Va., May 6th, died May 7th, 1861, aged 23. 
Joseph Small, 1st Maine Cavalry, wounded and prisoner, Aug. 1864, 

died in rebel prison, aged 20. 
Francis H. Small, 2d Maine Cavalry, died at Barrancas, Fla., Sept. 

5th, 1865, aged 21. 
William M. Spaulding, 1st Maine Battery, died at New Orleans, La., 

July 5th, 1864, aged 45. 
James A. Smith, 12th Maine Regiment, died at New Orleans, La., 

May 27th, 1862, aged 19. 
William H. Smith, 32d Maine Regiment, died at New Haven, Conn., 

Sept. lUth, 1861, aged 32. 
John M. Stevens, 2d Maine Battery, died at Baltimore, Md., Jan. 4th, 

1865, aged 21. 

Silas M. Smith, 17ih Maine Regiment, died at Washington, D. C, 

May 24th, 1865, aged 29. 
Moses B. Tripp, 9th Maine Regiment, died at Fcrnandina, Fla., Aug. 

6th, 1862, aged 33. 
William W. Ward, 16th Maine Regiment, died at Annapolis, Md., 

Oct. 20th, 1S63, aged 19. 
Charles F. Waterman, 7th Connecticut Regiment, died at Fort Pulaski, 

Ga., June 5th, 1862, aged 18. 
Alonzo M. Whitney, 16th Maine Regiment, killed at Fredericksburg, 

Va., Dec. 13th, 1862, aged 18. 
G. Sumner Whitney, 12th Maine Regiment, died at Savannah, Ga., 

May nth, 1865, aged 20. 
Charles Williams, Uth Maine Regiment, died at Meridian Hill, D. C, 

April 10th, 1862, aged 41. 
Charles H. Paine, 1st Maine Regiment, died at Gorhani, May 25th, 

1866, aged 24. 

Rev. John R. Adams, D.D., died April 25th, 1866, aged 64, of disease 
resulting from devoted service during the Rebellion as Chaplain 
of the 5th Maine and the 121st New York Regiments. 

DEDICATION. 
The soldiers of Gorham and other returned soldiers, and 
the several organizations who had been invited to join in 
tlie procession, assembled on the Common (on South Street) 
at half-past twelve o'clock. The procession formed in the 
following order : 

Company Artillery U. S. A., Maj. Bartlet. 
Returned Soldiers of (Jorham, Col. Coleman Harding. 

Orator. Poet. Chaplain. 

President of the Day and Committee of Arrangements. 

Municipal Officers and Aged Citizens of Gorham. 

Families of Deceased Soldiers. 

Army ami Navy Union, from Portland. 

Officers and Soldiers from other Towns. 



Strangers. 
Citizens of Gorham. 



A Union National salute was fired in the morning, and 
on the arrival of Gen. Chamberlain, a major-general's 



salute. Fifty-seven guns were fired at noon, in honor of 
our deceased soldiers whose names appear on the monu- 
ment, — all under the direction of Lieut. Charles 0. Hunt. 
The procession moved at two o'clock, and pas.sed through 
the principal streets of the village. 

The exercises at the monument were as follows: dirge 
by the band; prayer, by Rev. Caleb Fuller; introductory 
address, by Hon. J. A. Waterman, chairman of the Monu- 
ment Committee. 

ADDRESS. 

"Fellow-Citizens, — In performing the duty assigned to me upon 
this occasion, I have thought that a brief account of the circumstances 
relating to the erection of this monument, for the dedication of which 
we have assembled, would not be inappropriate. 

" At the very outbreak of the Rebellion the sons of Gorham, true 
to the spirit which animated their ancestors, many of whom were 
soldiers in the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars, and also 
the war of 1812, were among the first to respond to their country's 
call. Immediately upon the reception of the President's proclama- 
tion of April 15, 1861, the old flag was raised and hung across our 
principal street. 

" Gazing with new interest and increased devotion upon this national 
emblem, which had just received foul dishonor from those whom it 
had protected, and who should have been its defenders, our brave and 
patriotic youth rallied about it, eager to avenge the insult cast upo n 
it and to offer their hearts* blood, if needed, to wash out the stain 
which parricidal hands had left on its hitherto untarnished folds. 

''From that time throughout the four long and an.xious years that 
followed, this town was ever ready to meet, to the fullest e-xtent, every 
demand upon her citizens or her pecuniary resources ; while our 
women and children, year after year, in the darkest hours as well as 
in more hopeful seasons, were indefatigable in their labors to promote 
the health and comfort, and to alleviate the sufferings of those who, 
between us and danger, were fighting the battles of the Republic. 

" But alas,*how many of those who went forth from us in all the 
vigor and enthusiasm of youth, or the energy and strength of man- 
hood, have fallen ! How crowded with names of dear and loved ones 
is the roll of * the unreturning brave !' 

"Yet proud as our record as a town might otherwise be, it would 
lack much of completeness without some public memorial to perpetu- 
ate the evidence of our grateful recognition of their services, and the 
honor to which they are most justly entitled. 

" Entertaining this sentiment in common with others, our venerable 
townsman and friend, Hon. Toppan Robie, has anticipated all muni- 
cipal or individual action in regard to it, and most generously appro- 
priated a portion of his amjile means, the fruit of years of industry 
and integrity, to the erection of the monument before us. 

"Early in Octobi'r, 1865, the following communication was received 
by those to whom it was addressed : 

** ' To Hon. John A. Wuternmn, Hon. Josiah Pierce, Hon. Fretlorick Robie, Gen. 
E. T. Smith, Stephen Ilinkley, Esq., Jeremiah Parker, Esq., and Lotlirup 
L. Files, Esq.: 

" ' Gentlemen, — As a token of Hly respect for the brave and patriotic men 
of Gorham who volunteered Iheir services in defense of the Union, ami liave 
aiiied in crushing the wicked rebellion, and from a desire on my part that the 
names of those who have fallen in hattle, or who have died of wounds ur sick- 
ness incurred in the service, should not be forgotten, but handed down to 
future generations, I propose to tlie inliabitants of Gorhani tliat a suittiblo 
niunimieut should be erected, at my expense, in front of the Town-House, com- 
memorative of those events, 

"' And now, gentlemen, I address you as my friends and fellow-townsmen, 
and respectfully request of you that you will call mion tlie pri>per authorities, 
and cause a meeting of the inhabitants of said town to l)e held, at such time as 
may be deemed expedient, to take into consideration the object suggested, and 
if judged expedient, that you may be constituted a committee to see tlie siuiio 
carried into effect. 

"'GonH.\M, Oct. 10, I8C5. TopPiJl RoBI£.' 

" In accordance with the request thus made, a town-meeting was 
held upon the 8th day of November last, and it was voted to accept 
the proposition, and that the thanks of this town be presented to Hon. 
Toppan Robie for his generous and patriotic offer. The persons 
recommended by him were appointed a committee to act in the prem- 
ises, and a vote was passed that an appropriate celebration be held 
when the monument should be completed. 



TOWN OF GORHAM. 



297 



"The committee thus chosen took the matter in charge, and nfter 
repeated inectings, consultations, and examinations of numerous de- 
signs and models presented, and visiting various localities where 
monuments of a character similar to that proposed had been erected, 
they at last adopted the design of this structure, and at once con- 
tracted for the erection of the same. Meanwhile no pains had been 
spared by the committee in their endeavors to obtain a complete and 
correct list of those whose names should be inscribed upon the monu- 
ment. After the list had been made as accurate as the information 
which the committee had been able to obtain would render it, it was, 
by the courtesy of the publishers, printed in sevei'al of the Portland 
newspapers, with a special request that any errors discovered therein 
should be seasonably made known to the committee, that they might 
have an oj)portunity to correct them. So that if any errors or omis- 
sions have occurred in this list they cannot be attributed to any lack 
of effort on the part of the committee to avoid them. At a town- 
meeting held on the 2Sth of April last, it was 

"Toted, That Daniel C. Emery, Samuel F. Bacon, and Uni^li D, McLellan, 
together with the Selectmen, be a Committee to prepare and arrange, in a suit- 
able manner, the grounds and surrouudings about the Soldiers' Monument to 
be erected in front of the Town-House.' 

"Also, 

" ' Voted, That the Selectmen and the Committee who have had the charge of 
procuring and erecting the Soldiers' Blonunient, and the committee this day 
chosen to prepare the grounds, be a cominittce to make suitable ari-uiij;fiiients 
for the dedication of the monument.* 

"Since the committee first chosen entered upon their duties, one of 
their number, who, so long as his physical strength would permit him 
to do so, met and counseled with them, and greatly aided them in 
their labors, has been removed by death,--- 

" And we all to-day, fellow-citizens, miss the cheerful presence and 
the inspiriting voice of him who, for nearly half a century, had man- 
ifested peculiar interest in all that pertained to the history of our 
town, and was always ready and able to contribute from his great 
fund of general and historical information to the interest of an occa- 
sion like this. 

" I know, my friends, that you will pardon this passing tribute, 
which a just respect for the memory of one closely identified with 
the affairs of the town, and long an associate and friend of the donor 
of this monument, seemed to demand. 

"The work intrusted to these various committees has been com- 
pleted, and the object contemplated in their appointment accom- 
plished. Having performed the duties assigned them they now feel 
that, at the close of this day's exercises, they may ask au honorable 
discharge. 

"And now, sir (addressing Mr. Robie), in behalf of those appoint- 
ing us, we desire again to extend to you the sincere thanks of the citi- 
zens of this town for your generous and patriotic gift, and to assure 
you of our earnest hope that you may enjoy in a ripe and honored old 
age the blessings and privileges of those free institutions which they, 
whose names you desire to perpetuate, gave their lives to preserve. 

" To you, gallant comrades in arms of those to whose memory this 
monument is consecrated, — to all present who have been connected 
with cither branch of the Federal service, military or naval, we extend 
a cordial welcome. 

*' We rejoice that a kind Providence spared your lives through all 
the perils of a long and terrible war, and permitted you to return to 
your homes in full health and strength, or bearing upon your per- 
sons honorable evidences of your heroism and fidelity to duty, — that 
you are enabled to enjoy among kindred and friends the fruits of those 
victories, to win which you contributed in no scanty measure. We still 
further rejoice that you can participate in the services in which we 
are now engaged. May the nation's gratitude be freely manifested 
towards you, its heroic defenders, and the glory of your achievements 
grow brighter as the service you have rendered is more completely 
understood and appreciated in the light of history. 

"And to all the various bodies and organizations here assembled, 
we desire to express our great gratification at their presence, and their 



* Hon. Josiah Pierce. 



readiness to co-operate with us in our endeavors to pay proper respect 
to the memory of our deceafied soldiers. 

"Citizens of Gorham, — This costly and beautiful monument, now 
yours, and to be hereafter in your custody, is a sacred and precious 
memorial. For every name inscribed upon its tablets a life was given. 
That long list of the gallant dead contains in itself a history, and could 
we particularize, the narrative would form a volume of sad but thril- 
ling interest. Upon that roll of honor are represented various ages 
andconditionsof life, — youth, manhood, mature years; and even three- 
score years did not deter him whose name was last placed thereon from 
most active and devoted service.f The farm, the shop, the institution 
of learning, the mechanic's bench, the office, and the sacred desk, — in 
fact, nearly all occupations of our ^'ew England life, — have there their 
silent representatives. 

" And under what various circumstances they died. Some suddenly, 
in the shock of battle; some in camp, or in hospital, of wounds or 
lingering disease ; some in rebel prisons; while to a few was granted 
the blessed privilege of returning to their homes, where, among devoted 
friends, receiving every attention which the fondest affection could 
inspire, and with expressions of love for God and their country upon 
their whitening lips, they calmly yielded up their spirits to Him who 
created them. 

"The soil of at least twelve different States is consecrated by holding 
the remains of our gallant dead. To some were accorded the rites of 
Christian burial, and ofiicial career the hand of friendship has desig- 
nated and guarded their last resting-places. Others are sleeping in 
graves the locality of which the most careful search of friends cannot 
discover, and which none shall know until the last trump shall sound, 
and the earth give up her dead. 

" But under whatever circumstances death occurred, or they were 
committed to the dust, — 

" ' To all who sleep a soldier's sleep, , 

Wliere'er they lie,— in hallowed t^round, 
Or those above whose grass-grown niouud 
Sad stars their lonely vigils keep ; 
To all our brave heroic band, 
Who nobly met a soldier's fate, 
This monument we coasecrate.' 

"To you, the relatives of these deceased friends, we tender our 
heartfelt sympathy. May He who alone knows how great is the 
weight of sorrow burdening each heart, afford His promised strength 
and support to each and all of you I 

"Fellow-citizens, as we look upon this monument and read the 
names of the departed inscribed thereon, let us remember for what 
and for whom they died. Let us remember that in them the love of 
life was as strong, its future as inviting, its claims upon them as ur- 
gent, as in our own cases. And yet, subjecting all other claims and 
considerations to the love of country and the call of duty, they 
yielded up life itself rather than the sacred cause they had espoused. 
They died that the nation might live. 

*' * A debt we ne'er can pay 

To them is justly due; 
And to the natioirs latest day 
Our children's children still shall say, 

'* They died for mo and you." ' 

" Let us cherish their memories. In the language of the donor of 
this monument, let * their names not be forgotten, but handed down 
to future generations,' 

" And when this marble shall have crumbled into dust, let tradition 
take up the story of their heroism and their sacrifices, and continue 
to repeat it through all coming time." 

An elegant oration was delivered on the occasion by 
Maj.-Geu. Cliaiuberlain, and a fine poem read by Hon. 
Edward P. Weston, which we regret we have not space to 
publish. They will be found in the printed proceedings of 
the dedication. 



■f- Chaplain Adams 



38 



GRAY 



EXTENT AND BOUNDARIES. 
The town of Gray is six miles square, and lies at an 
angle of forty-five degrees from the meridian. It is bounded 
on the northeast by New Gloucester, on the southeast by 
Cumberland and North Yarmouth, on the southwest by 
Falmouth and Windham, and on the northwest by Ray- 
mond. The soil is a fertile mixture of clay and sand. It 
was granted to Thomas Gray, whose name it bears, and 
others, by the General Court of Massachusetts, in 1735, 
and bore the name of New Boston until its incorporation. 

FIRST AND SECOND SETTLEMENTS. 

Settlement was begun in 1750. A fort of timbers and 
a meeting-house were erected near Gray village by the pro- 
prietors. 

May 17, 1755, theinhabitants were surprised by Indians, 
and their works destroyed. The next occupation was by 
Thomas, father of Moses and Jeremiah Twitchell, who, in 
1764, with his family, kept a camp for British marines and 
workmen engaged in cutting masts and hauling them to 
the fidls below. 

The resettlement was commenced by John Jonks, Wil- 
liam and Joel Stevens, Daniel Cummings, Daniel Hunt, 
Thomas Twitchell, John Humphrey, and Capt. Jonas 
Stevens, whose daughter Ruth was born in 1764. She 
afterwards married James Doughty, and was grandmother 
of the present James Doughty. The first male child born 
in the town was Daniel Cummings, born Oct. 6, 1766. 
He was the father of David B. Cummings, of Gray village. 
The bond under which Jethro Starbird received his land, 
in 1768, required that on or before the 12th of April, 1769, 
he should have built " a good dwelling-house, 18 feet square, 
have at least 6 acres of land cleared, and brought to English 
grass, fit for mowing," and shall pay one-sixtieth part of 
the expense of building a meeting-house and settling a 
Protestant minister. Samuel Hawes and Jabcz Hatch 
were contractors for the proprietors. 

John Barber, John Wilson, James Russell, Daniel Haney, 
Mark Merrill, Sergt. Samuel Thompson, Lieut. David 
Small, Lieut. William Webster, Maj. Jabez Mathews, 
John Nash, David Libby, Gideon Ramsdell, Jedediah Cook, 
Joseph and Samuel Webster settled previous to 1780. 

Gray, the thirty-ninth town of Maine, was incorporated 
June 19, 1778. The first election was held at the meeting- 
house, in the street, near the present town-hou.sc, July 13, 
1778, under a warrant issued by Hon. Enoch Freeman, J. P., 
to Jabez Matthews, who wsis chosen Moderator of the meet- 
ing. David Clark was chosen Town Clerk ; William 
Webster, Daniel Libby, Daniel Cummings, Selectmen and 
Assessors; David Orne, Treasurer; Nathan Merrill, 
Thomas White, Ricliaid Ilayden, Comuiittee of Safety ; 
298 



Joseph Weeks, Constable ; Daniel Libby, Jeremiah Hobbs, 
Church- Wardens; Nathan Merrill, Tithing-Man ; John 
Barber, John Morse, William Webster, Richard Hayden, 
Surveyors to Work on Roads; Daniel Cummings, Fence- 
Viewers; Jethro Starbird, Robert York, Field-Drivers; 
Elijah Jordan, David Hunt, Asa Libby, Joseph Morrill, 
Hog-Drivers ; George Doughty, Sexton ; Daniel Libby, 
Pound-Keeper; John Nash, Surveyor of Lumber; David 
Orne, Sealer of Weights and Measures. £30 were voted 
to furnish the meeting-house ; S500 were voted for high- 
ways, and $3 per day fixed as wages for a man or yoke of 
oxen ; £4 for a public school ; $50 to build a pound. 

In 1779 prices were regulated by vote, making a day's 
work 4Ss. ; imported potatoes and turnips, £1 10s. ; leaf 
tobacco, 12«. per pound; victuals, 12s. a meal; and 
" licker, 12s. a mug I" In 1780, 822.50 a day was allowed 
laborers on public roads. Representatives in General Court 
were seldom chosen, unless they could volunteer to pay 
their own expense. 

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST. 

The residence of Azariah Humphrey, two miles north- 
west of Gray village, was erected by his father, John Hum- 
phrey, in 1773, and is the oldest house in the town. There 
is but little left to mark the labors of the first settlers. 
The main interest of their descendants centres in their last 
resting-place, a fine burying-ground of 4 acres, in the west 
of the village, commanding a magnificent view of the sur- 
rounding country. This ground was donated by Daniel 
Libby, and fenced by the town in 1782. It contains many 
black slabs of the last century mingled with the white 
marble of recent years, and 41 fine monuments, most 
of which are of granite, erected since 1865. There are 
buried here 6 of the pioneer deacons, 4 ministers, 9 cap- 
tains, 6 field officers, and 8 persons above ninety ; one of 
whom was ninety-six years of age. Nearly all the early 
settlers have been gathered from private grounds in various 
parts of the town and buried here. 

VILLAGES. 



The village of Gray is finely situated on a high plain 
near the centre of the town, 90 dwellings built upon 
seven streets radiating from a broad street two hundred 
yards in length, and occupied by bu.siness houses, the prin- 
cipal of which is the Odd-Fellows' Block, a fine brick edifice 
of three stories, erected in 1876, by Hancock & Vinton, 
merchants; Lovcjoy's Eagle Hotel, occupied by Daniel 
Haney, in 1777; Titus O. Brown, 1815, and the brick 
town house, erected by David Carey, at a cost of §1200, 
and first used March 5, 1838. In 1825 the place contained 



TOWN OF GRAY. 



299 



six stores, a bakery, one hotel, a church, the centre school- 
house, where public meetings were held, and a tannery. 
The business increased to nine stores and four hotels — one 
a mile south — in 1845, the place becoming a trading-point 
for New Hampshire products. It is now a centre for local 
trade, supporting the following business houses: 

General Merchandise : Hancock & Vinton, established 
by Thomas Hancock, in 1838 ; James Small, established 
1835; C. H. Stimson, established 1876. 

Hardware: G. P. Cobb, established 1864. 

Drugs: R. G. Hall, established 1862. 

Millinery: Mrs. L. A. Hill, established 1879; S. S. & 
H. 0. Weeks, established 1854. 

Harness: Jacob Clark, establi-shed 1830; I. H. Libby. 

Stone- Workers : Augustus Lowe, granite, established 
1876 ; C. H. Doughty, Jr., slate, established 1876 ; A. M. 
Higgins, marble and granite, established 1875; E. S. Cas- 
well, marble and granite, established 1877. 

Leather: D. B. Cummings, tannery since 1856, estab- 
lished by Stephen Furbish in 1 800 ; M. B. Foster, estab- 
lished 1849; S. P. Sargent, established 1876; Samuel 
Giines, established 1874, boots and shoes. 

Painters: William M. Dow & Son, established 1856; 
Frank E. Osgood, established 1876. 

Wood- Workers : Rufus Berry, carriages, establi-shed 
1849; E. Osgood, furniture and coffins, established 1845. 

Blacksmiths; Benjamin F. Skillings, J. Newbegin, G. 
M. Edwards, F. E. Goff. 

Eastern Express Company : W. F. Lovojoy, agent, estab- 
lished 1876. 

Tiie public buildings are Methodist Episcopal, Congre- 
gationalist, and Baptist churches, Town-House, and Pen- 
nell Institute. 

A cornet band was organized in 1876, with John T. 
Merrill, leader. 

DRY MILLS, 

in the north, comprise the store of A. G. Morrill, estab- 
lished 1862; saw-mill, shook- and barrel-factory, estab- 
lished 1859; carriage- and smith-shops, and contains 30 
families. It takes its name from Dry Pond, so called be- 
cause it had no open outlet. A long beaver-dam extended 
acrcss the flat, near this place, when the first settlers came 
in 1750. 

WEST GRAY, 
in the west, is finely situated on a narrow neck of land 
overlooking a broad valley, or interval, to the south, and 
commands a view of Gray village, three miles east. It 
consists of a dozen fine dwellings, 11. A. Allen's store, saw- 
and grist-mills, W. L. Dickey's carriage- and .sleigh-shops, 
and blacksmith-shops. Gray Station is a neat depot build- 
ing and water-tank on the Maine Central Railroad, in the 
narrow valley of Royal River, three miles east of the village. 
Mails connect daily by stage for each post-office, viz., Gray, 
G. F. Cobb, postmaster ; Dry Mills, Charles E. Libby, post- 
master; West Gray, Robert A. Allen, postmaster; North 
Gray, William Beatty, postmaster. 

The principal manufiictory of the town is the Falmouth 
Woolen-Mills of William Beatty, established about 1800, 
by Samuel Jlayall, of England. The manufacture of sugar- 
shooks and fish-barrels is a leading industry. The princi- 



pal shook -makers are Robert Allen, William S. Douglass, 
Charles E. Libby, S. Goff, Thayer & Elder. 

At the falls, a short distance below the factory, the first 
mill in the town was erected on the old road, and run by 
Jabez Mathews, as early as 1778. 

SELECTMEN. 

1778.— William Webster, Biinicl Libby, Daniel Cummings. 

1779. — William Webster, Daniel Libby, Maj. .Tabe/, Mathews. 

1780. — Capt. Jonas Stevens, Sergt. Samuel Thomson, Lieut. David 
Small. 

1781.— Samuel Thomson, Gideon Ramsdell, David Hunt. 

1782.— Capt. William Webster, Jcdcliah Cobb, David Hunt. 

1783-87. — Col. Jabez Mathews, Capt. William Webster, Lieut. Jc Ic- 
diah Cobb. 

1788.— Samuel Nash, David Hunt, Robert York. 

1789.— William Webster, Jedediah Cobb, David Hunt. 

1790.— William Webster, Jedediah Cobb, Israel H. Buker. 

1791.— David Hunt, Isr.ael H. Buker, John Humphrey. 

1792-93.— David Hunt, John Humphrey, Israel H. Buker. 

1794. — David Hunt, John Humphrey, Jedediah Cobb. 

1795.— Israel H. Buker, Eliphaz Phillips, Joseph Davis. 

1796.— Jedediah Cobb, Joseph McLellan, Eliphaz Phillips. 

1797.— Joseph McLellan, Israel II. Buker, Eliphaz Phillips. 

1798-99.— Joseph McLellan, Jedediah Cobb, Eliphaz Phillips. 

1800. — James Doughty, John Humphrey, Gideon Ramsdell. 

1801.— John Humphrey, George Latham, Timothy Weymouth. 

1802. — John Humi>hrey, George Latham, Joseph McLellan. 

1803.— Eliab Latham, John Smith, Samuel Xash. 

1804-5.— Joseph McLellan, Daniel Wells, Timothy Weymouth. 

1806. — George Latham, John Smith, Daniel Wells. 

1807-8. — George Latham, Daniel AV. Green, Charles Barbour. 

1809. — George Latham, Nicholas Low, Timothy Weymouth. 

1810-11.— Joseph McLellan, Timothy Weymouth, Nicholas Low. 

1812-13.- Joseph McLellan, Timothy Weymouth, John Stimson, Jr. 

1814. — Joseph McLellan, Timothy Weymouth, Nicholas Low. 

1815. — Joseph McLelljin, Timothy Weymouth, Eliab Latham. 

1816. — Joseph McLellan, Timothy Weymouth, Joseph Webster. 

1817. — Joseph McLellan, Timothy Weymouth, Eliab Latham. 

1818. — Joseph McLellan, D.aniel W. Green, George Latham. 

1819.— Daniel W. Green, Timothy Weymouth, George L.atham. 

1820. — Timothy Weymouth, George Latham, Daniel W. Green. 

1821. — Timothy Weymouth, Daniel W. Green, John Morse, Jr. 

1822.— Daniel W. Green, Timothy Weymouth, Jer. Pennell. 

1823. — Timothy Weymouth, Daniel W. Green, .Andrew Libby, Jr. 

1824. — Andrew Libby, Jr., John Stimson, John Morse, Jr. 

1825-26.— Daniel W. Green, Timothy Weymouth, Benjamin Smith. 

1827-28. — Daniel W. Green, C. H. Humphrey, Ephraim Lawrence, Jr. 

1829. — C. H. Humphrey, Ephraim Lawrence, Jr., Ebenezer Cobb. 

1830. — Daniel W. Green, Francis AVebster, Benjamin Smith. 

1831. — Francis Webster, Benjamin Smith, Ephraim Lawrence, Jr. 

1832. — Francis Webster, Ephraim Lawrence, John Dulley. 

1833.— Eliab Latham, Ebenezer Cobb, Daniel Hall. 

1834. — Eliab Latham, Daniel Hall, Ephraim Lawrence, Jr. 

1835.- Eliab Latham, Daniel Hall, Benjamin Smith. 

1836-37.- Eliab Latham, Daniel Hall, John Humphrey. 

1838. — Ephraim Lawrence, Jr., John Humphrey, James Small, Jr. 

1839.— Daniel Hall, Benjamin Smith, Joseph II. Perley. 

1840. — Benjamin Smith, Nathaniel S. Lawrence, Joseph U. Perley. 

1841. — William Mayberry, James Small, Jr., John F. Sawyer.* 

1842, March 7. — Ebenezer Cobb, William Mayberry, James Small, Jr. 

1842, March 28. — Theophilus Stimson, Ephraim Lawrence, Jr., An- 
drew Libby, Jr.f 

1843.— Daniel Hall, Andrew Libby, Jr., William Mayberry. 

1844-45. — Nathaniel S. Lawrence, James Small, Jr., William P. 
Doughty. 

1846. — Benjamin Smith, William P. Doughty, Moses Plumraer. 

1847. — Tyng Wilson, Charles Smith, George Perley. 

* Benjamin Smith, Nathaniel S. lawrenoo, and Joseph H. Porloy 
were elected, but resigned on being instructed by a subsequent vote 
to grant license to sell into.\icating liquors. 

f The first election was found to have been illegal. 



300 



HISTOllY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



1848. — Nathaniel S. Lnwrence, William P. Doughty, Muses I'lunimer. 

1849.— Tyng Wilson, David Unll, George Peilcy. 

1850-51.— Daniel Hall, Tyng Wilson, George Perley. 

1862-5.').— Benjamin Smith, Wm. P. Doughty, Lothrop L. Blake. 

1854.— Tyng Wilson, William P. Doughty, Lothrop Blake. 

1855.- Lothrop L. Bliike, Thomas Hancock, Timothy 11. Weymouth. 

1S5B.— Timothy IL Weymouth, Daniel Hall, .leremiah Pennell. 

1857.— T. H. Weymouth, Jeremiah Pennell, Jacob Clark. 

1868.- T. H. Weymouth, Daniel Hall, William P. Doughty. 

1859-60.- T. H. Weymouth, Jacob Clark, Cephas W. Pcrlcy. 

1801-65.- Jacob Clark, Cejihas W. Perley, William Elilcr. 

1868.- Jacob Clark, William ElJer, Simon Skillin. 

1867. — Jacob Clark, Jeremiah Pennell, Simeon Skillin. 

] 868-69,— Jacob Clark, Jeremiah Pennell, Samuel Skillin. 

1870. — AVarren H. Vinton, Jeremiah Pennell, John W. Webster. 

1871.— Jacob Clark, John F. Sawyer, Alfred Lihby. 

1872-73.— Jacob Clark, George A. Morrill, Aimer H. Small. 

1874. — Jacob Clark, ,Iohn Newbegin, Jabez M. Latham. 

1875. — Jacob Clark, John Newbegin, James Doughty. 

1876.- James Doughty, Charles E. Libby, John W. Frank. 

1877.- Jacob Clark, Charles E. Libby, John W. Frank. 

1878.- James Doughty, Charles E. Libby, John W. Frank. 

1879.— Charles E. Libby, Cephas W. Perley, V. E. Frank. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

David Clark, 1778; David Orne, 1779-82; Jedediah Cobb, 178.S; 
Capt. Samuel Nash, 1784; Jedediah Cobb, 1785-87; Samuel 
Nash, 1788; Jedediah Cobb, 1789-90; Samuel Nash, 1791; Jed- 
ediah Cobb, 1792-96; Capt. Samuel Nash, 1797-18(12; Daniel M. 
Green, 1803-8; James Twitchell, 1809 ; Abraham Young, 1810- 
15 ; James Colley, Jr., 1816-17; Jabez Cushman, 1818-20; Dan- 
iel Holl, 1821-25 ; James Ford, 1826-31 • Nathaniel S. Lawrence, 
1832; James Ford, 1833; Meshack Humphrey, 1834; Nathaniel 
S. Lawrence, 1835-39; Thomas Hancock, 1840; James Ford, 
1841 ; James Ford, elected March 7, Jacob Clark, March 28, 
1842; Jacob Clark, 1843-46; Wm. P. Merrill, 1847-50; Jacob 
Clark, 1851-58; Theophilus Stimson, Jr., 1859-63; Jacob Clark 
(vacancy), 1863; Jacob Clark, 1864-69; Edward A. Marr, 1870- 
77 ; Charles H. Doughty, Jr., 1878-79. 

TREASURERS. 

David Orne, 1778-82; David Hunt, 1783; Samuel Nash, 1784; David 
Hunt, 1785; Gideon Kamsdell, 1786-88; Samuel Nash, 1789; 
Daniel Haney, 1790-97; Samuel Nash, 1798-1801 ; Joseph Mc- 
Lelhm, 1802-14; George Latham, 1815; Joseph MoLellan, 1816- 
18; Daniel W. Green, 1819; Daniel AVeston, 1820-23; Timothy 
Weymouth, 1824-28; DanielAV. Green, 1829; Daniel Hall, 1830; 
Eliab Latham, 1831-36; Nathaniel S. Lawrence, 1837-40; 
George Libby, 1841 ; George Libby, elected March 7, David 
Hall, March 28, 1842; Daniel Hall, 1843; Nathaniel S. Law- 
rcnec, 1844-45; James Small, Jr., 1846; William Mayberry, 
1847; James Small, Jr., 1848; William Mayberry, 1849-51; 
John W. Rich, 1852; Silas H. Adams, 1853-55; Moses Plum- 
mer, 1856; Joshua H. Hall, 1857-61; Jeremiah Pennell, 1862; 
John Ma.xwell, 1863; Jeremiah Pennell, 1864-66; Albeit N. 
Sawyer, 1867; Jeremiah Pennell, 1868-70; John Newbegin, 
1871; John D. Anderson, 1872; AVilliam H. Webster, 1873; 
Edward A. Marr, 1874-76; John Maxwell, 1877-78; John New- 
begin, 1879. 

COLLECTORS AND CONSTABLES. 

Joseph Weeks, 1778-79; John Morse, 1780; Col. Jabez Mathews, 
1781; Gideon Ramsdell, 1782; Joseph Pennell, 1783; David 
Hunt, 1784; Daniel Haney, 1785-86; Richard Sweetser, 1787; 
Joseph Cummings, 1788; Daniel Libby, 1789; William Grela, 
1790; John Morse, 1791; William Grela, 1792-93; David Jor- 
dan, 1794-97; Joseph Pennell, Josejjh Tompson, 1798; George 
Small, 1799; David Jordan, ISOO; Daniel Wells, 1801; Daniel 
Wells, David Jordan, 1802; Samuel Nash, 1803; Allmery Hamb- 
lin, Samuel Nash, 1S04 ; William Grela, Samuel Nash, Jr., Daniel 
Wells, George Smalls, Allmery Hamblin, 1805; Israel IL Buker, T. 
H, Euker, William Grela, Allmery Hamblin, 1806; Israel II. Bu- 
kor, I. H. Buker, Samuel Adams, 1807 ; Allinery Hamblin, Daniel 



Green, 1808; Judah Dyer, Allmery Hamblin, 1809 ; Joseph Web- 
ster, Allmery Hamblin, Abraham Young,18IO; Joseph Webster, 
Abraham Young, 181 1 ; Jeremiah Pennell, Joseph Webster, 1812- 
13; Jeremiiih Pennell, 1814; Jeremiah Pennell, Joseph Webster, 
1815-16; Jeremiah Pennell, Moses Harris, 1817-18; Geo. Latham, 
Jr., John Morse, Jeremiah Pennell, 1819; Joseph Cummings, 
Jr., Jeremiah Pennell, George Latham, Jr.. 1820; Isaac Stowell, 
George Latham, Jr.. 1821 ; (leorgo Latham, Meshack Humphrey, 
1822; Lsaac Stowell, 1S23-24; Nathan Hunt, Daniel Hall, 1825; 
Joseph Perley, 1826; Joseph Perley, Nathan Hunt, 1827; Isaac 
Stowell, 1S28; Joseph Cummings, Nathan Hunt, 1829; Henry 
Pennell, 1830; John F. Sawyer, 1831-32; Henry Pennell, 1833; 
Francis Webster, Parker S. Libby, 1834; Henry Pennell, 1835; 
William J. Weston, Albert Webster, 1836; William J. Weston, 
1837; Nathaniel S. Lawrence, 1838-40; George Libby, 1841; 
Daniel Hall, March 7 and March 28, 1842; Daniel Hall, George 
Libby, 1843; Daniel Hall, Nathaniel S. Lawrence, 1844; Henry 
Pennell, 1845; James Small, Jr., Ilinry Pennell, 1846; Elias S. 
Fo.'^ter, Nathaniel S. Lawrence (vacancy), George Libby, 1847; 
Nathaniel S. Lawrence, 1848; Ellery H. Starbird, George Libby, 
1849; Ellery H. Starbird, 1850-51 ; Joshua H. Hall, 1852; Isaac 
Perley, Joshua H. Hall, 1853; Rufus Berry, 1854; Joshua JI. 
Hall, 1855; Rufus Berry, 1856; Daniel Berry, 1857-58; Al- 
bert Hill, 1859; Jeremiah Pennell, 1860-63; Charles C. Hall, 
1864-65; Isaac E. Allen, 1866-67; Charles C. Hall, 1868-09 ; 
Rufus Berry, 1870; Henry Pennell, Charles Hall, 1871 ; Charles 
C. Hall, 1872; William Purvis, Charles C. Hall, 1873; Rufus 
Berry, Henry Pennell, 1874; Charles C. Hall, 1875; Charles C. 
Hall, Rufus Berry, 1876-79. 

CHURCHES. 
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

The first church established in Gray, in compliance with 
the terms of the land-grant, was a Presbyteriiin Church, 
which was organized in August, 1774. Samuel Nash, the 
first pastor, was ordained June 21, 1775, and remained 
pastor until September, 1782. A house of worship was 
erected, the ten pews of which were sold in 1779, for £193. 
This building was never finished, and being untenable in 
winter, — the snow sifting through in huge piles, which 
was shoveled out at the expense of the town, — meetings were 
held at Joseph Doughty 's house. It was sold to Daniel 
Ilancy, in 1790, for £4. The old church, afterwards 
standing in the street near the town-house, was built in 
1789, and torn down in 18.32. Rev. Samuel Perley, who 
became pastor in 1784, was discharged on the dis.solulion 
of the Salem Presbytery, in 1791, after which the church 
became scattered. In October, 1808, a council was called, 
which, finding but two male members, proceeded to reorganize 
the church as a Congregationalist body. Rev. Daniel Wes- 
ton was ordained pastor. In 1809 many of the members 
joined an organization in New Gloucester, styling them- 
selves Anti-Pedobaptists, and also the Universalist organ- 
ization in that town. Attempts were also made to evade 
church support, and conform to the existing law. Rev. 
Samuel Peckham succeeded Mr. Weston in 1825, and was 
discharged in 1830. During his pastorate the present 
church was erected, and dedicated in 1828. 

The subsequent pastors were Rev. Thomas Riggs, 1831 
to 1833 ; Rev. Calvin White, 1833-37 ; Rev. Nathan W. 
Sheldon, 1839-13; Rev. Allen Lincoln, 1845-59; Rev. 
James P. Richardson, 1859-G2; Rev. Ebenczer Bean, 
1862-74; Rev. Edward P. Eastman, 1875-70; Rev. 
Herbert R. Howe, 1877 ; Rev. E. Bean, 1878-79. 

Dencoiis. — John Humphrey, 1803-33; Jeremiah Twitch- 



TOWN OF GRAY. 



301 



ell, 1836; Reuben Morse, 1842; Moses Humphrey, 1825 
-44; Robert Merrill, 1844; Benjamin B. Sweetser, 1832 ; 
Luther Pennell, 1847-69; Charles H. Starrett, 1856; 
Charles Libby, 1863; John Morrill, 1865-79. 

C/mrch C/eiks. — Daniel Weston, Samuel Peckham, Wil- 
liam P. Doughty, Allen Lincoln, William P. Doughty, E. 
Bean, D. B. Cummings. The society have a good church 
and parsonage, free from debt. 

BAPTIST CHURCH. 

The first mention of the Baptist Church is in the town 
record, where it is certified that " Mar. 18, 1782, Jacob 
Twitehell joined the Baptist Church, and was ' dipt ;' wit- 
nesses on hand, Daniel Hubbard and James McCullison." 
The first preacher was William Merrill, who remained until 
1810, holding meetings at his house, now the residence of 
Hezekiah Whitney, two miles east of the village, on CoU- 
yer's Branch road. It is related of him that his meetings 
were well attended by the boys during the apple-season, 
the orchard surrounding his house being one of the first in 
Gray. On one occasion he preached from the word 
"Watch!" and on the repetition of his text, his wife, re- 
minded of temporal cares, would hasten to the window in 
obedience to the injunction. The following-named persons 
were incorporated as a Baptist Society in June, 1790: 
Moses, Asa, Joel, and Benjamin Libby ; Thomas and James 
Frank; James, John, and Oliver Humphrey; William and 
John Dolly, John and David Na.sh, Isaac Lane, Joseph 
Weeks, Hosea and Levi Morse, David Jordan, Samuel 
Howell, Nathaniel Russell, and Timothy Fogg. 0;her 
persons were members of the church in New Gloucester. 

A house of worship was erected by the Uiiiversalists, at 
Gray, in 1829, by Daniel Hall, Eliab Lotham, and Benja- 
min Smith, committee, at a cost of $1500. In 1855 the 
Baptist Society bought a half-interest, and obtained com- 
plete title in 1861. 

i^eacons.— Thomas White, 1782; Nathaniel Ford, 1803; 
Jonas Humphrey, 1839 to 1879. 

Clerks. — Joseph Allen, 1782; George Latham, 1803; 
Jonas Humphrey, 1824-39; William Goff, 1829 ; Moses 
Foster, 1853 ; Thomas Gilpatrick, 1857 to 1879. 

Pastors. — Nathan Merrill, 1782-1807; Ephraim Stineh- 
field, 1803-10; Nathan Morse, 1807-10; Samuel CoUey, 
ordained Sept. 8, 1803; John Purkis, ordained 1829; 
John M. Duran, installed 1836; George Whitney, 1840; 
O. A. Redlon, 1845; David Newell, 1850; Moses Foster, 
to 1853; Charles Bean, 1855; William T. Smith, 1857; 
Dexter Waterman, 1861 ; Moores Cole, 1863; M. Ricker, 
Edwin A. Kish, 1864; J. M. Purkis, 1865; C. Bean, 
1868; Joseph Foss, 1869; F. Reed, 1874; William T. 
Smith, 1876-79. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

In 1793, David Hunt, innkeeper, of Gray, received a 
letter from Rev. Jesse Lee, of Virginia, the first Methodist 
preacher in Maine, appointing a time when he would be at 
his house to take dinner and hold a meeting. In response 
to this appointment a large number of people gathered in 
front of the Congregationalist meeting-house at Gray Cor- 
ner, where the preacher of the place met them, and refused 



to let them to go into the house. The meeting was held in 
a barn near by. Rev. Philip Wager, who was appointed 
at Lynn, Mass., for the province of Maine, in August, 1793, 
preached next, and formed a class during the year. In 
1807, Gideon Ramsdell, James Colley, William Barncll, 
Zachariah Fletcher, Stephen Pennell, Amos Cummings, 
Moses Hunt, Reuben Hill, Josiah Clark, John Starbird, 
Ephraim Staple, Joseph Weeks, and David Small were 
recorded on the town books as Methodists by James Colley 
and William Bennett, committee of that church. 

The church was incorporated June 10, 1808. Gray 
became a part of the Readfield circuit on its organization, 
and Rev. Stephen Hull preached there once in two weeks. 
Gray and Windham were made a circuit in 1844. In 
1796, Jesse Stoneman preached here, and was succeeded 
by Revs. Nicholas Snethen, Robert Yell, Timothy Merritt, 
Josiah Taylor, John Finnegan, Martin Rutter, in 1811- 
12; S. L. Bishop, 1820; C. Fogg, 1821-22; P. Ayers, 
1823; James Jaques, 1824-25; J. Briggs, 1826; S. 
Frank, 1827; J. Hutchins, in 1828; Revs. Owen Bent 
and John Hutchins, 1829 ; Abel Alton and Francis Mas- 
seure, 1830; Caleb Fogg, 1831; Daniel Clark, 1832; 
Benjamin Burnham, 1833 ; C. C. Cone, 1834 ; John Rice, 
1835; Paul C. Richmond, 1836-37; Asa Heath, 1838; 
John W. Dunn, 1839 ; Asahel Moore and Wm. Campbell, 
1840; Daniel Waterhouse and Simeon C. Chase, 1841; 
Joseph Milliken and E. A. Stockman, 1842 ; James Rice 
and James Thurston, 1843; James Rice, 1844; Henry 
Crawford, 1845; A. Turner, G. C. Crawford, Phineas 
Libby, 1846; Charles Mason, Caleb Mugford, 1848; I. 
Harrington, 1849 ; Benjamin Lufkin, 1850-51; S. W. 
Pierce, 1852; S. H. Tobie, 1853; J. Stone, 1854-56; 
James S. Rice, 1857 ; H. B. Mitchell, 1858; A. C. Traf- 
ton, 1859; S. P. Blake, 1861 ; S. S. Cray, 1862; J. W. 
Sawyer, 1863-64 ; S. V. Gray, 1866-67 ; J. H. Pillsbury, 
1868; Alpheus B. Lovewell, 1869; Hezekiah Chase, 
1870-72; J. H. Trask, 1873-74; J. B. Cole, 1875; J. 
H. Pillsbury, 1876-77 ; E. G. Gerry, 1878; G. W. Bar- 
ber, 1879. 

A building was erected in West Gray in 1840, and a 
second erected in the east part of the town by a branch 
styling them.selves Protestants. This was moved to Gray 
village, rebuilt, and dedicated by Rev. Joseph Colby, P.E., 
in July, 1869. 

Membership, 1869, 45. Class-leaders, E. M. Hames, 
Gray; Emmery Allen, West Gray; George A. Morrill, 
Dry Mills; S. P. Sargent, Douglass Mills. Recording 
Steward, E. M. Hames. Trustees, E. Allen, Marshal Morse, 
Hiram Skillings, Daniel Doughty, E. M. Hames, J. D. 
Anderson, Henry Pennell. 

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES, 
in 1780, £350 were voted for the support of schools, 
the town was divided into two districts, and in 1785 Israel 
H. Buker was engaged to teach school a year, "at any 
place in town," for £45. He was also elected collector, 
that he might collect his own pay. A school-house was 
erected in the easterly district in 1793, by the inhabitants. 
The next year it was paid for by the town, and William 
Grela and Daniel Haley were made a committee to build 



302 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



three others in the southern, northern, and Dutton Hill 
ncij;hborhoods. A fifth was erected in 1797, Long Hill 
in 17!>9, and the seventh in 1801. Four lots of school 
land were sold in 1814 for §1171.25, to establish a school 
fund, the interest on which was $71.25 in 1878. Appro- 
priations have been: in 1788, £10; 1791, £30; 1793, 
£40; 1799, £200; 1820, SiOO; 1840, $600; 1850, $700; 
1864, $1100; 18G7-72,$2000; 1879,81400. The town 
comprised 12 districts in 1878, with ten good school-houses 
and $0000 worth of school property. Of the G15 children, 
460 attended school. School supervision cost the town $40. 
Supervisor for 1879, Susie C. Frank. 

PENNELL INSTITUTE, 

a fine brick edifice and grounds in the village of Gray, 
commenced in 187G and completed in 1879, was donated 
to the town of Gray by its founder. Major Henry Pennell, 
grandson of Joseph Pennell, E.sq., one of the early settlers 
of the town. The building comjilete, with clock and bell, 
cost $20,000 ; library, $3000 ; and laboratory, $2000. It 
is endowed with a fuud of $25,000, to be held intact for 
its perpetual support. 

ASSOCIATIONS. 
INDEPENDENT ORDER OP ODD-FELLOWS. 
Silocmi Lodge., No. 45, organized April 4, 1877, with 
Warren H. Vincent, N. G. ; Benjamin F. Skillings, V. G. ; 
William S. Douglass, Treas. ; Albert Pennell, Sec. 1879, 
membership, 85 ; net assets $3000, including finely fur- 
nished rooms in Odd-Fellows' building. Gray village. Ofii- 
cers, W. H. Vincent, N. G. ; J. H. Newman, V. G. ; 
Thomas Hancock, Treas. ; Augustus Pennell, Sec. 

PATRONS OP HUSBANDRY. 

Gray Grange, No. 41, organized Oct. 3, 1874, with 28 
members ; S. L. Adams, Mas. ; Kate Adams, Sec. ; Deacon 
John Merrill, Lee.; Hezckiah Whitney, Ov. ; David Law- 
rence, Treas. ; Mrs. Martha Merrill, Ceres. Officers, 1879, 
H. Whitney, Mas. ; Albert Pennell, Sec. ; S. L. Adams, 
Lee. ; Andrew Allen, Ov. ; George F. Cobb, Treas. ; Mrs. 
Hezekiah Whitney, Ceres. 

DRY MILLS TEMPERANCE REFORM CLUB, 

organized Aug. 7, 1874, with Wm. M. Dow, Pres.; Charles 
J. McDonald, Vice-Pres. ; George A. Morrill, Sec. ; Thomas 
Quinn, Treas. Officers, 1879, George A. Morrill, Pres. ; 
Benj. J. Simmons, Vice-Pres.; Lorenzo E. Dow, Sec; 
Freland M. Small, Treas. There are 273 names upon the 
club pledge-book. 

PROMINENT MEN. 

Among the men of the present are G. A. Morrill, E. H. 
Starbird, Henry Pennell, Charles E. Libby, W. H. Vinton, 
Charles H. Doughty, Jr., Thomas Hancock, Jacob Clark, 
D. B. Cumniings, Vincent Frank, and Cephas, grandson 
of Rev. Samuel Perley, the first preacher. 

THE LAWYERS 

have been Simeon Grcenleaf, 1807; Joseph Waterman, 
James B. Cleveland, 1831 ; James O'Donnell, 1849; J. D. 



Anderson, since 1874, and W. II. Vinton, who was a mem- 
ber of the State Senate in 1853-54, 1861-02, 1877-78, 
member of the State Legislature in 1857 and 1873, and 
president of the State Senate in 1878. He is a man of 
superior business attainments and remarkable memory. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Rev. Dr. Samuel Perley, 1774 ; Dr. Briggs, 1796 ; Peter 
Whitney, 1803; C. H. P. McLellan, 1795, 1825-28; 
Charles Hutchins, Nicholas H. Allen, 1841 ; J. D. Sturges, 
Wm. W. Green, 1863-72; Charles L. Holt, 1872-74 ; F. 
A. Morgan, dentist, 1869-79 ; Abram W. Anderson, 1876 ; 
P]gbert F. Andrews, 1874-79; J. F. Newman, 1S79. 

MILITARY. 

SOLDIERS OP THE REVOLUTION. 

Nathan Noble, killed in battle Oct. 7, 1777. 

Moses Twitchell, died in Canada, Nov. 9, 1775, after one 
month's service. 

Mo.''es Twitchell, Jr. 

Sergeant Asa Libby, enlisted April 24, 1780, for eight 
months, for £11 per month, payable in corn, etc. 

Isaac Foster, enlisted April 24, 1780, for eight months, 
for £10 per month. 

Jonathan Hayden, enlisted April 24, 1780, for eight 
months, for £10 per month. 

Amaziah Delano, died in Gray, 1850, aged ninety-two. 

Jo.soph Allen, died in Gray, 1849, aged ninety-one. 

James Welch, died in Gray, 1845, aged eighty-one. 

William Libby. 

Samuel Stowell, enlisted at Cape Ann, Mass. 

James Doughty, served under Gen. Greene, and was in 
North Carolina. 

Jonas Humphreys, served under Arnold; re-enlisted; 
was killed at the battle of White Plains. 

Sergeant Samuel Thomp.son. 

Jonas Humphrey, served under Gen. Arnold ; re-enlisted, 
and was killed at the battle of Wiiite Plains. 

Sixty pound fines paid by drafted men to Capt. Stevens, 
April 24, 1780 : Isaac Nason, Nathan Merrill, John Bar- 
ber, James Russell, Elisha Cummings, William Greely, 
Isaac Small, George Doughty, Daniel Cummings, Richard 
Hayden, John Wilson, Nicholas Low, Thomas White, Jer- 
emiah Hobbs, John Humphrey, Nathan Morse, Clement 
Hayden. 

Clothing left on hand at the end of the war was applied 
on poor, and used to pay town officers' salaries in part. 

1807. — Daniel Libby, Jr., Captain ; Calvin Jordan, Ser- 
geant; David Orne, Clerk. 

1824. — Militia, twenty cents a day voted for rations; 
quarter pound powder. 

1840. — Company B, 4th Regiment, 1st Brigade, 5th Di- 
vision, boundaries defined. 

Among the early military men of the town were Maj. 
Jabez Mathews, 1778; Lieut. Wm. Webster, 1779 ; Capt. 
James Stevens, 1780; Lieut. David Small, Maj. Jedediah 
Cobb, Lieut. Robert York, 1786 ; Capt.«<. Daniel Hancy, 
Joseph McLellen, 1790; Capt. James Doughty, 1818; 
Col. Mesheck Humphrey. 



TOWN OF HARPSWELL. 



303 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 



REV. JOHN RICE. 

His father, George Rice, born in Scarborough, Sept. 21, 
1780, married Hannah, daughter of Moses and Rebecca 
(Crockett) Hanscom, of Gorham, Me. She was born Sept. 
9, 1V8S, and died Oct. 20, 182G. He died Sept. 13, 1858. 
His grandfather, Lemuel Rice, was also born in Scar- 
borough, May 2, 1756, and died Jan. 16, 1827. John, 
born July 1, 1810, removed with his parents to Durham 
when two years old. He was educated in the common 
school, and in the New Gloucester Academy, under the 
in.struction of Rev. Jabez Woodman, and for three terms 
was a teacher during the winter months. In August, 1833, 
he commenced study for the ministry, and in 1837 was 
ordained an elder of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 
Upon the close of liis teaching, at the age of twenty-two, 
he became a traveling preacher, and in 1834 was admitted 
a member of the Maine Annual Conference. His minis- 
terial labors were continuous from 1833 to 1874, and he 
ri mains a member of the Conference as a superannuated 
mini.ster, being obliged to retire from constant labor on 
account of ill health. Both as a devoted Christian worker 
and an expounder of the Scripture, his influence has been 
felt in the various churches over which he has been called 
to preside, and large numbers have been added to the church 
annually under his teachings. He married, July 24, 1836, 



Mary T., daughter of Nathan and Mary (Haskell) Hunt, 
of Falmouth, and granddaughter of David Hunt, born in 
Quincy, Mass., July 18, 1745, who was one of the early 




I'huto. by Con.ant. 



REV. JOHN RICE. 



settlers of Gray, and for many years a representative man 
of that town. Their children are Henry F., John II. 
(deceased), John 0., and Charles C. C. 



HARPSWELL. 



GENERAL DESCRIPTION. 

This town is the most eastern civil and geographical 
division of Cumberland County. It consists of a peninsula 
called Harpswell, or Merriconeag Neck, which extends 
southward from Brunswick into Casco Bay, and of the 
following islands : Sebascondegan, or Great Island, Orr's, 
Bailey's, and Haskell's Islands, with Whaleboat Island, 
Birch Island, and several smaller ones. The area of the 
Neck is 4570 acres, and that of Great Island, 5790 acres, 
according to the measurement made in 1731, by Phinehas 
Jones, a surveyor.* The whole town probably contains 
about 12,000 acres. 

Harpswell can hardly be considered an agricultural 
town, though portions of it are very productive. Some 
excellent farms are to be found upon the Neck, and upon 
some of the larger islands. The soil of the Neck is 
largely granitic rather than a gravelly loam, with small 
tracts of clay loam. On Great Island the soil varies from 

« McKcen, in Harpswell Baiiiiey, October, IS32. 



a hard, tenacious clay to a sandy loam, while in some lo- 
calities are found a fine sand, and in others slaty and 
granitic soils. Most of the farms are equal to those on the 
Neck, being excellent meadow and grazing land, while the 
higher parts are suitable for corn and wheat. Orchards do 
not flourish well. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

A portion of Harpswell was included in the grant to 
Thomas Purchase made by the Council of Plymouth, June 
16, 1632. In the conveyance of jurisdiction to Governor 
Winthrop in 1639, the grant is defined as "all that tract 
of land at Pejepscot, aforesaid, upon both sides of the 
River Androscoggin, being four miles square towards the 
sea," meaning undoubtedly towards Casco Bay. Up to this 
time Thomas Purchase was probably the only settler in this 
region of country. 

In 1672, Nicholas Cole and John Purrington bought of 
Sagettawon and Robin Hood, Indian sagamores, " all the 
Land Lying & Being between the Two Carrying Places 



304 



HISTOKY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Upon Mcrriconcaji; Neck Beginning at the head of the 
Westerinost Branch of" Wiggen Cove, so directly over to 
Wester Bay to the Bight, and so up along the neck from 
side to Side untill they come to the Uppermost Carrying 
place at the head of the Wester Bay at the Meadow which 
George Pliipping has formerly mowed, so over to the head 
of the crick that Comes in from the Easter Bay ;" also 
" That whole Tract of Meadow which they have formerly 
possessed Upon the Great Island lying and being at the 
head of the Cove against the Little Cove on Great Jebegc 
Island." The deed was witnessed by Thomas Stevens and 
his wife, Marsarot.* It is probable that Purrington him- 
self did not occupy tins land. If ho did, he afterwards 
moved to Arundel. f 

Nicholas Shapleigh, of Kittery, had, about the year 1659, 
though the exact date is unknown, purchased and caused to 
be settled IMerriconeag (Harpswell) Neck and the island of 
Sebascodegan. The purcha.se was made of the Indians 
and the price paid for the deed was " a considerable sura of 
wanipumpeag, several guns, and a parcel of tobacco."J 
There is no special reason for supposing, however, that 
Shapleigh actually settled there iiirasclf. 

This land of Purchase and Way, and of Nicholas Shap- 
leigh, all came into the hands of Richard Wharton, a 
Boston merchant. July 4, 1683, John Shapleigh, the heir 
of Nicholas, .sold to Richard Wharton " all that tract or 
neck of land called Merryconeg in Casco Bay, Province of 
Maine, and is bounded at head, or upper end, with the plains 
of Pejepscot or lands late belonging to or claimed by Mr. 
Purchase, and on all other sides or parts is incompassed and 
bounded with and by the salt water ; and also all that the 
aforesaid island called Scbasco, alias Sequasco-diggin."§ 

Oct. 10, 1683, Eleazcr Way, of Hartford, son and 
lieir of George Way, the partner of Thomas Pui'chase, sold 
to Richard Wharton, for £100, "one moiety or half part, 
or whatever share or proportion, be the same more or less, 
he, the s** Eliazer Way, now hath, may, might, should, or in 
anywise ought to have or claim, of, in, or to a certain tract 
or parcel of laud commonly called and known by name of 
Pejepscot, situate, lying, and being within the Province of 
Maine in New England aforesaid," together with one-half 
of all lands, uplands, meadows, etc., belonging to the saiue, 
" which said tract of land and premises for the space of 
forty years, or thereabouts, before the late war with the 
Indians, was in the actual possession and improvement of 
Mr. Thomas Purchase, and was actually given by patent 
from the Council of Plymouth, within said Kingdom of 
England, to the said George Way, and Thomas Purcha.se, 
deceased. "II 

Oct. 25, 1GS3, John Blaney, of Lynn, and Elizabeth, his 
wife, the former widow of Thomas Purchase, of I'ojep- 
scot, deceased, and the administratrix of his estate, testified 
" that said Eliazer Way had sold his [Purchase's] moity to 
s** Wharton in s'' Patent by the consent of the children of 
s'' Purchase for their support and settlement for £150," 
reserving seven lots which were secured to the childien by 
articles iu the deed. The portion sold was " All that 



* Pejepscot Papers. f Ibid. J Pejepscot Records. 

I Pejepscot Pajicrs, Stiitcmtnt uf Title. |1 Ibid. 



mjiety, hulf deal, and remaining .share, whatsoever the same 
is or miy be, of the said lands late belonging to the .s'' 
Thomas Purchase by virtue of the said patent or any other 
right in partnership with the said George or Eliazer Way, 
and all the right and title, propriety and interest which the 
said Thomas T'urchase died seized of, or that he uiight, 
should, or ought to have had in the said Province of 
Maine." The children of Purchase signified their consjnt 
to the sale on the deed itself.^ 

It will be seen from the above extracts that at this time 
Wharton owned the whole of what is now the town of 
Harpswell, — except a few islands, — the gre.iter portion of 
Brunswick, and a tract on the river in what is now the 
town of Topsham. 

On the 7th of February, 1682, the General Court of 
Massachusetts "granted Merriconeag Neck, with 1000 acres 
of land adjacent, to the President and Fellows of Harvard 
College."** Under this grant, Nicholas Cole, in 1691, set 
up a claim to the possession of the Neck, he having settled 
here previous to that time, and purchased the land of the 
Indians. The college at one time became anxious to secure 
the grant which had been made in 1682, and applied to the 
Legislature for its confirmation, but the decision was in 
favor of the Pejepscot purchasers, into whose possession the 
property had come. 

Sebascondegan (Great Island), included in Harpswell, 
was granted to Governor Thomas Danforth, President of 
the Province of Maine, and to Sumner Nowell, Es(|., by 
the General Court of Massachusetts, May 7, 1684, "for 
their great pains and good service done by order of this 
Court in the expedition in .several journeys to Casco, for 
which no recompense hath been made thorn. "fj" 

In 1658, Thomas Haynes settled at Maquoit, where he 
retained land as late as 1678. His wife's name was Joyce. 
Richard Potts was settled as early as 1672, and probably a 
year or two earlier, on wliat was known as New Deniariscovc 
Island. In 1673 he owued and lived upon the point which 
still bears his name, at the extremity of Harpswell Neck. 

The following individuals are known to have been settled 
about this time, certainly prior to 1700, witliin the limits 
of what was afterwards called the Pejepscot purchase : at 
Middle Bay, John Cleaves; on White's Island, Nicholas 
White ; at Mair Point, James Carter, Thomas Haynes, 
Andrew and George Phippeny ; at Maquoit Bay, John 
Swaine, Thomas Kimball, of Charleston, who settled on 
Iloeg Island in 1658, John Sears, Thomas Wharton, Sam- 
uel Libby, who subsequently resided in Scarborough, Henry 
Webb, Edward Greet (or Creek), and Robert Jordan ; on 
Smoking Fish Point, Christopher Lawson, an Antinomian; 
at or near New Meadows, in 1G75, was Alister Coombs. 

The island of Sebascodegan was settled as early as 1639 
by Francis Small and his wife, Elizabeth, whose child was 
the first born on the island, of English parents. He was 
from Kittery, and was a tenant under Col. Shapleigh. The 
latter also owned Merriconeag Neck, The Neck at this time 
had a number of settlers upon it, who were all driven off by 
the Indians at the commencement of King Philip's war in 



1 Ibid. 
tt Ibid. 



** Attested copy of Court Record, in Pejepscot papers. 



TOWN OF HARPSWELL. 



305 



1675. In 1683, Shapleigh, finding liis property almost 
worthless on account of the Indian troubles, sold the Neck 
and island to Richard Wharton, of Boston. 

After Wharton's purchase of Sebascodegan, the Indians 
continued pos.session of the island, for the purpose of catch- 
ing fish, seal, and porpoi.se. This prevented any further 
settlements there for some years. 

A paper drawn up by one of the Pejepsoot proprietors, 
it is supposed about 1714. gives a list of the settlers on the 
purchase. At the narrows or carrying-place that parts 
Casco Bay from Merrymoeting Bay, " settled by Stevens, 
who has a son now at New Haven married to Parker's 
daughter." " Next to said Stevens, at the upper Whigby, 
or Wi.skege, by Lawson, owned by Ephraim Savage." 
" On Merriconeag Neck only two settlements, Richard 
Potts, who lived at the lower end, and John Damarell, 
about three miles above him. But one settlement at Mair 
Point, by John Phippany. But one settlement at Maquoit, 
by Robert [Thomas?] Haines." 

The Pejepscot proprietors, who owned Harpswell and 
Brunswick and other adjoining lands, were Thomas Hutch- 
inson, Adam Winthrop, John Watts, David Jeffries, Stephen 
Minot, Oliver Noyes, and John Ruck, of Boston, Mass., 
and John Wentworth, of Portsmouth, N. H. They bought 
the lands of Ephraim Savage, of Boston, administrator of 
Richard Wharton, who had become possessed of the greater 
portion of the tract, and had died in England, in 1693. 
The company purchased the lands Nov. 5, 1714, for the 
sum of £150, to hold in fee as tenants in common. The 
conveyance wa.s acknowledged the next day, and was re- 
corded in the York records on the 19th of November fol- 
lowing.* 

Oct. 20, 1714, the General Court of Massachusetts 
passed a resolution that it was for the public interest that 
some townships be laid out and settled in the ea.storn coun- 
try, and John Wheelwright and others were appointed a 
committee to receive the claims of all persons claiming lands 
there. 

On the 18th of February, 1715, the Pejepscot proprietors 
made certain proposals to the above-mentioned committee : 

1. That the General Court should give confirmation to 
their purchase, in order that they might " be better able to 
encourage substantial farmers to remove with their stock 
from England." 

2. For the encouragement of a fishing town at Small 
Point. 

3. That whenever 1 2 or more persons offered themselves 
for any new settlement, they should be " covered" with 
such a force and for such a time as the General Court should 
deem necessary. 

4. That those settling in the limits of the Pejepscot tract 
should, for the first seven years, have some assistance from 
the public towards the maintenance of a ministry, and should 
be exempted from the payment of any Province tax. 

The proprietors agreed that, if the General Court would 
consent to the foregoing proposals, they would, on their 
part, agree to enter into the following arrangements : 

1. To lay out three, or if the land would admit, four plats 



39 



* Pejepscot Papers, quoted by Wheelc 



or towns, and have them surveyed and platted that same 
summer, at their own cost. 

2. " In seven years, if peace continues with the Indians," 
they would settle " each of said towns with 50 families or 
more, in a defensive manner, having already offers of very 
considerable numbers, both in this country and from Eng- 
land." And in order thereto they were willing to grant 
them such house-lots, in fee, and such accommodations in 
regard to their lands, as might induce them to settle there. 

3. That they would lay out a convenient portion of land 
in each town for " the subsistence of the first minister, the 
ministry, and a school." 

4. " Being desirous that the people might not live like 
heathen, without the worship of God, as had been too 
frequent in new settlements," they engaged for the more 
speedy procuring of a minister, and to make it easier for 
the inhabitants at their first settling down, that as soon as 
there should be 20 householders in each of the towns, who 
would provide a frame for, and raise a meeting-house, they 
would, at their own expense, furnish glass, lead, nails, iron- 
work, and other materials, and finish the meeting-house for 
them, and pay towards the maintenance of an " orthodox 
gospel minister" in each town, the sum of £40 per annum, 
for five years. These proposals to the committee received 
the signature of all the proprietors. 

On the 27 til of the following Jlay, the committee reported 
favorably on these proposals, and the General Court, on the 
10th of June, passed resolutions in accordance therewith. 
Thus this company became undoubted legal owners of the 
territory they had purchased."]' 

OCCUPATIONS OF THE PEOPLE. 
The principal occupation of the first settlers of Harps- 
well is said to have been cutting cord-wood and shipping it 
to Boston, Salem, and other ports, although farming and 
fishing were doubtless carried on to some extent. Bailey's 
Island, which is now nearly barren of trees, was at that 
time densely covered with wood. After a while the settlers 
devoted themselves almost exclusively to farming aud fish- 
ing. 

FISHERIES. 

We have been unable to obtain any statistics of this 
business at an early date. At the present time there are 
caught, dried, and cured in Harpswell about 20,000 quin- 
tals of fish annually, consisting of cod, hake, haddock, pol- 
lock, and cusk. Smaller fish, such as mackerel, porgies, 
and herring, are also caught in abundance. In the month 
of September the herring come in very plenty, and it is not 
uncommon to see, in Mackerel Cove and Jaquis' Harbor, 
from 75 to 150 sail of vessels. Large quantities of the 
fish are taken to Portland, where they are packed and 
shipped to various parts of the country as " Portland Her- 
ring." During the months of March, April, and May, 
most of the fisliermen are engaged in tlie lobster fishery. 
The fishing smacks are so arranged that the lobsters are 
kept alive, and large numbers are shipped to Portland, Bos- 
ton, and New York. 

In former years the clam business was quite an impor- 

I History of Brunswick, Topsh:im, and Harpsivell. 



306 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



taut branch of the fisheries, but it is not so now. About 
tlio }'car 18G3 there were put up, and sold at prices ranging 
from $8 to SI 4 per barrel, not less than 2500 barrels. The 
principal dealers in fish are S. Watson, A. T. Trufant, and 
Jcilin Power, of East Ilarpswell ; Sniullen & Prince and 
J. M. Johnson, of Orr's Lsland ; E. C. Simpson & Co. and 
J. B. Piiikhain, of West HarpswcU. 



Owing to tlie fact that HarpswcU possesses no streams 
large enough to afford sufiicient water-power, but little 
attention has been given to manufactures i^i this town. 

Previous to 1758 there was a wind-mill in the town and 
a tide-mill called Jones' Mill.* The location of the wind- 
mill is not known. The tide-mill was situated near the 
farm of Arthur Orr, and was at one time owned by him. 
It was originally built by a family of Quakers by the name 
of Jones. Captain James Sinnett, of Bailey's Island, re- 
members a very old mill at Widgeon Cove, which was 
standing as late as the year 1804. It was then owned, in 
part, by Silas Allen and Deacon James Wilson. 

About the year 1800 there was a wind-mill near Charles 
Merryman's. It was built and owned by Major Paul Ran- 
dall. The great shaft for the mill he hauled from Bruns- 
wick, and it was so heavy he nearly broke the backs of his 
oxen drawing it over some of the hills. The mill did not 
do much business. It was situated down near the shore, 
instead of upon the ridge, which would have furnished 
more wind-power. The present saw- and . grist-mill was 
erected about the year 1850. It is owned in shares, about 
twenty in number. 

In 1855, or thereabouts, there were two grist-mills otr 
Great Island, one owned by Stephen Purinton, Esq., and 
the other by a Mr. Ridley. 

SALT-WORKS. 

During the Revolution salt was very scarce. An Irish- 
man on Great Island, who understood how to make salt 
from sea-water, suggested the building of salt-works on that 
island. A company was formed, a building erected, and 
kettles and other appliances were purchased. The Irish- 
man, whose name was Millay, had charge of the kettles. A 
yoke of oxen was employed to draw wood fur the ovens. 
Sixty bushels of salt per week were manufactured, and it 
was sold in Boston for two dollars per bushel. 



The population of Ilarpswell is so scattered that it has 
been found no easy thing to obtain an account of the va- 
rious trades pursued in former times or at present. The 
following is all that we have obtained any information 
about. 

Bakers. — Early in the present, or late in tlie last cen- 
tury, a Mr. Ryan had a bakery on Great Island. lie moved 
to Brunswick in 1804 or 1805. 

lilacJcsmit/ts. — Nehemiah Curtis, whose shop was one 
mile above the Congregational church on the Neck, was the 
first blacksmith in town of whom we have any account. 

» Memoranda of Rev. Samuel Eaton, in Pejepscot Papers. 



He was succeeded in the business by his son and grandson, 
of the same name. The grandson kept the shop until 1820. 
Somewhat later in the business were Benjamin Curtis, whose 
shop was half a mile northwest of the church, and Barstow 
Curtis, whose shop was where Abijah Stover now lives. 

Boat- Builders. — David Doughty was the first boat- 
builder on Great Island. He was engaged in this business 
as late as 1847. He was succeeded in the business by Wil- 
liam Doughty. Since then the business has been carried on 
by quite a large number of persons. 

Boot and Shoe Makers. — James Merryman, on the Neck, 
near the Baptist church, and William Orr, on Orr's Island, 
were engaged in the boot and shoe business for some years. 
They moved away about 1847. 

Brick-Yards. — In 1805 there was a brick -yard owned by 
a Mr. Douglass, situated on the Neck, about three miles 
above the Congregational church. It was in operation only 
a short time. There was another one carried on by a Mr. 
Reed in 1812 to 1815, on Orr's Island. 

Carpenters and Joiners. — John Curtis, in 1802 to 1804, 
and Waitstill Webber, an apprentice of Curtis', in 1804, 
worked at this trade. Their shop was on the Neck, aLout 
two miles above the Congregational church. In 1806, 
John Bibber pursued this occupation. 

Gunsmiths. — A man by the name of Nason lived on 
Bailey's Island about 1856, and carried on the business of a 
gunsmith. His shop was where Prince & Smullen's store 
is now. 

Harness and Saddle Makers. — A man by the name of 
Barstow carried on the above business for one year in 1816 
or 1817. 

3Iasons. — The only mason that we have received any ac- 
count of was a man by the name of Ewing. He lived on 
Great Island, but at what date is not known to us. 

Surveyors. — The only surveyors of land of whom we 
have any account were Paul and Benjamin Randall, who 
lived about two miles and a half above the Congregational 
church. Paul died about 1874; Benjamin, about 1847. 

Tailors. — From 1800 to 1806, D. Merritt carried on the 
tailoring business in town, lie moved to Durham. 

Tanners. — In the early part of the century, Thomas 
Farr had a tannery in Stover's Cove, on the Neck, and 
Benjamin Dunning had one about three miles above the 
Congregational church. In the eastern jiart of the town, 
Stephen Purinton had one. 



Mr. James Booker kept store as early as 1752, and as 
late as 1762. About the latter date, Andrew Dunning 
and Alexander Wilson were also in trade, — that is, they 
were licen.sed retailers, and had a stock of goods which they 
disposed of to the settlers when called upon, but they 
probably did not confine themselves exclusively to that 
business. 

Joseph Coney came from Boston, in 1795, and opened a 
store, which was opposite the lower end of Orr's Island. It 
was afterwards occupied by Bruce & Everett, Silas H. 
Dodge, and Jacob Merryman. Joseph Eaton kept store 
near the Congregational church until his death, about 
1846. A Mr. Piukham once kept store at the end of 



TOWN OF HARPSWELL. 



307 



Pott's Point, but the date is unknown. In 1847, Wash- 
ington Garcelon, postmaster, had one near Paul Randall's. 

BdUcys Island. — The old store which once stood at the 
head of the cove, on the outer end of Bailey's Island, has 
been occupied by the followina; men, in succession : Perry 
& Howard, of Brunswick, about 1800 ; Joseph Coney, Maj. 
John Rowo, Zachariah Lambert, and Capt. David John- 
son. The store now occupied by Lubce was formerly 
owned by Ralph Sinnett. 

A Mr. Dana and a Mr. Twombly both kept store on 
this island for a long time. The former was at the lower 
end. The data of their doing business is not known. 

Orrs Is/and. — In the early part of this century, Edward 
Ingraham kept a store on the southwest end of the island, 
where Prince & Smullen's store is now. He had a brother 
in business with him, who was probably Nathaniel. S. F. 
Merrill at one time had a store at Lowell's Cove. 

Great Island. — In the latter part of the last, or in the 
first of the present century, a Mr. Ryan had a store at 
Condy's Harbor. 

Esquire Snow kept a store for many years at his wharf 
on New Meadows River. 

INSURANCE COMPANY. 

On Feb. 14, 1855, Paul R. Curtis, Shubael Merryman, 
Isaac A. Johnson, Thomas A. Estes, Thomas U. Eaton, 
Abraui J. Allen, Simeon Curtis, L. II. Stover, Pennell 
Alexander, Thomas Alexander, and Abel Thompson were 
incorporated as the " Harpswell Mutual Fire Insur- 
ance Company." The first officers were Thomas Alex- 
ander, President ; Thomas U. Eaton, Secretary ; Abel 
Thompson, Treasurer. The first Board of Directors were 
Stephen Purinton, James Orr, David Webber, Alcot S. 
Merryman, Thomas U. Eaton, Thomas Alexander, and 
Henry Barnes. 

The losses of this company have been so little that there 
has never been a necessity for making any assessments 
upon the members. The present officers are Thomas Alex- 
ander, President ; William C. Eaton, Secretary ; Shubael 
Merryman, Treasurer. The present directors are Thomas 
Alexander, Pennell Alexander, William C. Eaton, Shubael 
Merryman, Sylvester Stover, Stephen Purinton, and Sam- 
uel E. SmuUen. 

POPULATION. 

In 1765 there were in Harpswell 55 houses, 111 fami- 
lies, 224 males under and 188 above sixteen years of age, 
224 females under and 186 females above sixteen years of 
age, and 14 negroes. The total population, exclusive of 
Indians, was 836. Brunswick at this time had a popula- 
tion of but 506. 

In 1776, Harpswell had 077 white inhabitants, while 
Brunswick had but 867.* 

In 1778, Harpswell had 27 Revolutionary soldiers, and 
178 males over the age of sixteen.f 

MUNICIPAL HISTORY OF HAFvPSWELL. 
Harpswell, or Merriconeag Neck, was embraced in the 
town of North Tarmouth, of which it constituted a parish, 

* Census of Massachusetts, 1765 to 1776. 
t Massachusetts Archives, book 1S5, p. .'i'JI. 



till 1740, in which year it was annexed to Brunswick by 
order of the General Court of Massachusett.s. The proprie- 
tors — Joseph Wadsworth, Adam Winthrop, Henry Gibbs, 
Belcher Noyes, and Job Lewis — set forth in a petition, 
signed by 27 other inhabitants, the difficulties of getting 
to the meeting-house of North Yarmouth, about thirty 
miles distant by land, and by water across two bays dan- 
gerous to navigate with their families in canoes, and being 
thus deprived of the public worship of God, asked to be 
annexed to Brunswick, whose meeting-house was but '• three 
miles from the upper end of the Neck, adjoining to Bruns- 
wick Town, and no water to pass over." The petition was 
granted June 27, 1740 ; but on the 1st of August, 1741, 
by act of the General Court it was returned to North Yar- 
mouth. This legislation was displeasing to the people of 
the Neck, and other petitions were sent in by the select- 
men of Brunswick and the inhabitants of Harpswell, ask- 
ing that they be again annexed to Brunswick. 

These petitions were not favorably received by the Gen- 
eral Court ; but on June 14, 1749, that body, in response 
to a petition of the inhabitants of that portion of Merrico- 
neag Neck and the adjoining lands which was within the 
limits of North Yarmouth, passed an order to the effect 
that the Neck, the land and islands mentioned in the 
petition, and the northeast part of Sebascodegan Island, 
should be a distinct and separate precinct. 

In 1758 an act incorporating Harpswell as a district was 
passed, one section of which reads as follows : 

" And the inhabitants of said Neck of land and Islands shall be and 
hereby are invested with all the powers, privileges, and immunities 
that the several towns in this Province by law do or may enjoy, that 
of sending a Representative only excepted." 

The present name of the town is not known to have been 
used prior to the incorporation. By whom it was first sug- 
gested is not known. One authority states that it was so 
named by the General Court, but according to traditionary 
accounts the name was given by the Dunnings. There is a 
Harpswell in Lincolnshire, England, and the name was prob- 
ably first suggested by some emigrant from that vicinity, 
and was favored by the Dunnings, who were English peo- 
ple, though from another county. 

The first recorded meeting of the district was held 
March 30, 1758. At this meeting Capt. John Stover was 
chosen Moderator ; Andrew Dunning, Clerk ; David Curtis, 
Isaac Hall, and Andrew Dunning, Selectmen and Asses- 
sors ; Lieut. Lemuel Turner, District Treasurer; Elijah 
Douglas and Taylor Small, Constables ; James Babbage, 
Seth Toothaker, and John Coombs, Tithing- Men ; Waitstill 
Webber, William Alexander, and Joseph Thompson, Sur- 
veyors of Highways ; Edward Easters, Thomas McGregor, 
and Joseph Linscott, Fence- Viewers; Nathan Adams, James 
Gardner, and John Snow, Hog-Reeves: and Elisha Allen, 
Sealer of Leather. It was voted at this meeting that hogs 
and horses should be allowed to run at large, according to 
the existing law. The meeting adjourned to the last Wed- 
nesday in May. 

Harpswell sent her first representative, Samuel Stanwood, 
to the General Court in 1770. At a meeting of the town 
held Jan. 16, 1776, the selectmen were chosen a committee 
to embody in a petition to the General Court the necessity 



308 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



there was for an arnieil guard and a supply of auiniuiiitii)ii 
ill the town. 

On Marcli 4th, William Sylvester, Nathaniel Purinton, 
Capt. Nehemiah Curtis, Capt. John Snow, and Lieut. Ben- 
jamin Dunning were chosen a committee of correspond- 
ence, inspection, and safety. At a meeting held May Gth 
the vote of the district in 1775, giving Minute-Men 2.s-. 8(1. 
per week for military practice on three days in each week, 
for three hours each day, was rescinded. On July SOth it 
was voted that the selectmen should take charge of the 
ammunition and arms, receipt lor the same, and then dis- 
tribute them. among the officers of the militia, who should 
be accountable for them. It was also voted to pay Nathaniel 
Purinton and the seven men who assisted him in bringing 
gnus down the Kennebec River 4s. each, for two days' 
labor. It was also voted to pay Deacon Isaa,c Snow 12s. 
for liis expenses and charge in bringing 25 firearms from 
Falmouth. Andrew Dunning was, at this meeting, chosen 
to take recognizances in Ilarpswell. At a meeting held 
on December 20th the following resolutions were passed : 

" Voted the great & tJeneral Court or Assembly of tbis State Do 
Take up nForm of Government as Soon as they think Projiper & that 
form that Shall tend uio«t to Piety, Peace, Safety, and Good Order in 
tbis State and agreeable to the Honourable Continental Congress — 
the vote unanimous at a full Meeting. 

" Voted the Selectmen Send to the General Court or Treasurer for 
Axes, Kittles, Canteens, and Money to hire Waggons & Pay the Men 
that are Draughted their Milage to the Place of Destiniitiim." 

At the March meeting in 1777, Nathaniel Purinton, 
Capt. John Snow, Capt. Nehemiah Curtis, Ezekiel Curtis, 
and Andrew Dunning were cho.sen a committee of corre- 
spondence and safety. It was also voted " Not to Have a 
Hospetal Built in the County for an Enocolating Hospetal. ' 
It was also voted this year to pay Andrew Dunning 12s. for 
superintending the delivery of powder and flints, and for 
"recording the Declaration of Independence. On November 
25th a committee was chosen to supply the families of 
soldiers with necessary articles. 

CIVIL LIST. 
REPRESENTATIVES IN GENERAL COURT OF MASSACHU- 
SETTS. 
Samuel Stnnwood, 1770; Isaac Snow, 1783, '87, '89, '90, and '92; 
Samuel Snow, 1795 ; Benjamin Dunning, 1785, '91, '93, '97, ISOO, 
1801, 1803, and 1806; Joseph Coney, 1799; Samuel Dunning, 
1808; Marlborough Sylvester, 1809; Stephen Purinton, ISIO, 
'13, '14, 'Ifi, and '20; Paul Raymond, 1819. 

SELECTMEN. 

1758. — David Curtis, Isaac Hall, Andrew Dunning. 

1759. — David Curtis, Andrew Dunning, Paul Raymond. 

17C0. — Edward Easters, Jonathan Flint, Andrew Dunning, Paul Ray- 
mond, Isaac Snow. 

1761. — Jonathan Flint, Paul Raymond, Walter Merryman. 

1762. — Jonathan Flint, Walter Merryman, James Booker. 

1763.— Capt. William Sylvester, Lieut. Joshua Bcrstow, Paul Ray- 
mond. 

1764. — Andrew Dunning, Nehemiah Curtis, Paul Raymond. 

1765.— Paul Raymond, Nehemiah Curtis, John Roduck. 

1766-67.— Nehemiah Curtis, John Roduck, Nathaniel Purinton. 

1768-69.— William Sylvester, Esq., Edward Cunningham, Nathaniel 
Purinton. 

1770. — Paul Rnyuinnd, Capt. John Stover, Ezekiel Curtis. 

1771.— William Sylvester, Ezekiel Curtis, Paul Raymond. 

1772-74.— William Sylvei-ter, Ezekiel Curlis. Isaac Snow. 



-Lieut. John lloiiuek, .\nthony 
I ester. 



Willi, 



Coomb?, J 
I Purinton, Esq., Capt. Ne 



177S.— William Sylvester, Esq., Natbi 

heniiah Curtis. 
1779. — William Sylvester, Esq., John Kinluck, Simeon Hopkins. 
1780. — John Roduck, Nathaniel Purinton, Esq., Ezekiel Curtis. 
1781-82. — John Roduck, Lieut. Benj. Dunning, Deacon Isaac Snow. 
1783. — William Sylvester, John Roduck, Nathaniel Purinton. 
1784-87.— John Roduck, Nathaniel Purinton, Ezekiel Curtis. 
1788-89. — -John Roduck, Ezekiel Curtis, Anthony Coombs. 
1790. — Isaac Snow, Daniel Randale, Ezekiel Curtis. 
1791. — Johnson Stover, John Rodick, Stephen Purinton. 
1792. — Johnson Stover, John Rodick, Lsaac Snow. 
1793. — John Rodick, Ezekiel Curtis, Stephen Purinton. 
1794. — Joseph Carr, Johnson Stover, Capt. Nehemiah Curtis. 
1795-96.— John Rodick, Ezekiel Curtis, Lieut. Anthony Coombs. 
1797-98.— Samuel Snow, John Rodiek, Marlborough Sylvester. 
1799. — John Rodick, Marlborough Sylvester, Charles Ryan. 
1800.- Paul Randall, Marlborough Sylvester, Anthony Coombs. 
1801.— Anthony Coombs, Marlborough Sylvester, Capt. Nehemiah 

Curtis. 
1802. — Anthony Coombs, Marlborough Sylvester, John Rodick. 
1803. — Capt. Samuel Snow, Marlborough .Sylvester, Paul Curtis. 
1804-6. — Marlborough Sylvester, John Snow, Jr., Johnson Stover. 
1807. — Harrison Cleaves, Marlborough Sylvester, Paul Raymond. 
1808. — Marlborough Sylvester, Aleot Stover, Jr., Paul Raymond. 
1809-12.— John Curtis, Alcot Stover, Jr., Paul Raymond. 
1813. — John Curtis, Stephen Snow, Alcot Stover, Jr. 
1814. — John Curtis, Alcot Stover, Jr., Paul Raymond. 
1815. — Marlborough Sylvester, Alcot Stover, Jr., Anthony Coombs. 
1816-17. — Alcot Stover, Jr., John Curlis, Paul Raymond. 
1318. — Benjamin Randall, John Pennell, Paul Raymond. 
1819. — John Curtis, Benjamin Randall, Paul Raymond. 
1820.— George Skolfield, Benjamin Randall, Stephen Merritt. 
1821.- Paul Raymond, John Curtis, Capt. Peleg Curtis. 
1822. — John Curtis, Paul Raymond, Benjamin Randall. 
1823. — Isaac Sylvester, Benjamin Randall, Paul Raymond. 
1824-25. — Ij.aac Sylvester, Samuel Toothaker, Capt. Peleg Curtis. 
1826.— Samuel Toothaker, Paul Randall, Peleg Curtis. 
1827. — .Sylvester Stover, Paul Randall, Samuel Toothaker. 
1823-29. — Benjamin Randall, Samuel Toothaker, James Merryman 

(3d). 
1830.— James Eastman, James Merryman (3d), Benjamin Randall. 
1831.— Peleg Curtis, James Merryman (3d), Simeon Orr. 
1832.— Paul Randall, John Stover, Simeon Orr. 
1833.— Paul Randall, Benjamin Randall, Samuel Toothaker. 
1834. — Peleg Curtis, James Merryman (3d), Samuel Toothaker. 
1835. — Isaac Stover, Paul Randall, Stephen Snow. 
1836. — Isaac Stover, Paul Randall, Samuel Toothaker. 
1837.— Isaac Stover, Paul Randall, James Eastman. 
1838. — Benjamin Randall, Thomas Alexander, James Eastman. 
1839. — Thomas Alexander, William Randall, Simeon Orr. 
1840. — Washington Gareelon, Thomas Alexander, Simeon Orr. 
1841. — Benjamin Randall, James Merryman (3d), Simeon Orr. 
1842-43.— Paul Randall, Isaac Stover, Samuel Toothaker. 
1844. — Paul Randall, Harry C. Martin, Simeon Hogikins. 
1845. — Isaiah Snow, Paul Randall, Washington Gareelon. 
1846.— Alcot Stover, Robert Pennell, Robert Stover. 
1847.— Isaiah Snow, Aleot Stover, Robert Pennell. 
1848-52.- Isaiah Snow, Robert Pennell, James Stover. 
1853-54.— Thomas U. Eaton, Simeon Hopkins, David Webber. 
1855. — Thof. U. Eaton, David Webber, Isaiah Soow. 
1856.— Thos. U. Eaton, Alcot S. Merryman, Alexander Ewing. 
1857-58. — Henry Barnes, Lemuel H. Stover, Alexander Ewing. 
1859-60.— Thos. U. Eaton, AVm. Randall, Joseph Orr. 
1861. — William Randall, Paul A. Durgan, I.saiah Snow. 
1862.— Isaiah Snow, llutson Merryman. David Webber. 
1863.— Geo. R. Skolfield, Lemuel H. Stover, Joseph D. Wyer. 
1864-65 —Lemuel II. Stover, Wm. C. Eaton, Samuel S. Toothaker. 
1866.- Thos. Pennell, E. C. Simpson, Stephen Purinton. 
1867.— L. H. Stover, William C. Eaton, Charles E. Trufant. 
1868.— William C. Eaton, L. 11. Stover, Francis J. Orr. 
1869.— L. 11. Stover, William C. Eaton, S. S. Toothaker. 
1870.— Isaac Merryman (2d), Sylvester Stover, S. S. Toothaker. 
1S71.— David Pennell. L. H. Stover, S. S. Toothaker. 



TOWN OF HARPSWELL. 



3n9 



] 872. — Jnmes Alexander, E. K. Hodgkins, S. S. Toothaker. 

1873-74.— Thomas E. Skolfield, Moses Bailey, S. S. Toothaker. 

187.1.— Thomas E. Skolfield. Moses Bailey, Charles E. Trufant. 

1876-77.— Thomas E. Skolfield, Elijah K. Hodgkins, Charles E. Tru- 
fant. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Anthony Coombs, Jr., 1783, 1793; Andrew Dunning, 1758-82; An- 
drew Dunning, 1814-20; Btnjarain Dunning, 1791-92; William 
Dunning, Jr., 1800-11; Joseph Eaton, 1821-25; Thomas U. 
Eaton, 1833-57, 1859-60 ; Washington Garcelon, 1844-45 ; James 
Mcrryman (3d), 1833-35; Robert Pennell, 1846-52; Paul Ran- 
dall, 1826-32,® 1836-43; Elisha S. Stover, 1863-65, 1872-77; 
Lemuel H. Stover, 1858, 1861, 1867-71; Sylvester Stover, 1862, 
1866; Marlborough Sylvester, 1794-99, 1813; William Sylvester, 
1784-90. 

FORT.S AND GARRISONS. 

The only fort ever constructed in HarpswcU was made 
during the war of 1812, on tlie land now owned by Wood- 
bury S. Purinton, at the mouth of New Meadows River. 
It was a simple earthwork, the foundation of which was 
made of logs. A mound of earth and a few decayed logs 
mark its location. 

There was a garrison or block-house for defense against 
the Indians, on the north end of Bailey's Island. It was 
at the Narrows, between Garrison Cove and the main bay, 
within twenty feet of the shore. The stone foundations 
have been seen by some of the older iuhabitants ; but when 
the land was put under cultivation all the stones were 
rolled over the bank, and there are now no traces of the 
garrison to be seen. 

About 1764, Joseph Orr built a large block-house on 
the farm now owned by Bradbury Wilson. It stood near 
the middle of Orr's Island, on the northwest side of the 
hill, northwest of the present house. This block-house 
was standing within the memory of Captain James Sinnett, 
of Bailey's Island. There is now no trace of it to be dis- 
covered. 

On the Neck, on tlie point of land now owned by Paul 
Stover, there was a block-house ; by whom erected, or at 
what date, is not known. It was taken down by Daniel 
Randall and erected as a store-house near his dwelling. In 
1822 it was again taken down, and rebuilt as a dwelling, 
which is still standing. 

It is quite probable that there were other block-houses 
or garrisons on the Neck, and also on Great Island, but 
these are all of which we have any account. 

CHUr.CHES. 
The old meeting-house of the First Parish in this town 
was probably commenced about the year 1757 or 1759. 
P]lisha Eaton, son of the Rev. Elisha Eaton, who was a 
carpenter living in Boston, wrote in his diary, Aug. 7, 
1757,— 

"getting stuff for window-frames and Sashes for Meeting-house 
which is for North Yarmouth y" sec'd Parish." 

"Sept. 21. Caping window-frames for meeting-house." 

" 1759, June 13th. Puting sashes on board y" vessel for Meeting- 
house at Ilarpswell." 

" Octo. 6th, sail d for Ilarpswell,— arrived there y' 8th, where I 
tarried until Nov. 27th." 

Although there is no proof, yet it is quite likely that 
Mr. Eaton worked upon the meeting-house during his stay in 

^' Supply James Merryman, 7. r. 



Harpswell, and probably put in the windows he had been 
so long at work upon. 

From an examination of the town records it appears that 
this house was a long time in being completed. At a special 
meeting of the town, Nov. 14, 1774, it was voted that the 
" Advance ground in the Galleries and scats in the same 
shall be for the use of the Parish, except the Pew in the 
Front of the Front Gallery, they (the members of the 
Parish) paying the cost of the Same." And it was also 
voted " to put in the glass wanting in the meeting-house, 
mend the putty, Prime the Sashes and window- Frames." 

At another meeting held the same year it was voted to 
lay a floor in the porch, build the stairs and doors in the 
porch, put up the breastwork in the galleries, and put in the 
seats there, and to mend the windows. Nothing further 
seems to have been done until June, 1781, when it was 
voted to shingle the " four side" of the meeting-house, and 
to hang the doors. 

This completed the work on the church until Jan. 16, 
1792, when it was voted that there should be " four pews 
built in the body of the meeting-house on the Neck, ad- 
joining the pews now built, two on each side of the front 
alley, ' and that the money arising from the sale of the same 
should be expended in repairing the meeting-house. Also, 
that the pew ground should be sold at auction. 

In November, 1797, the town voted to sell ten feet two 
inches of the pew space in each side gallery, the purchaser 
to pay $2 down, and the balance in ninety days, or forfeit 
the whole. At the sale, pew No. 5 was bid oiF to William 
Dunning, Jr., at $21 ; No. 4 to Walter Merryman, Jr., at 
$25 ; No. 3 to Joshua Bishop, at $26.50 ; and No. 2 to 
Aleck Stover, at the same price. 

This meeting-house was occupied by the First Pari.sh 
until 1844. At a meeting of the parish held Jlay 31, 

1841, it was voted " to take out the insides of the meeting- 
house, as far as necessary, take off the porch, turn the house 
round end to the road, and rebuild the inside of the house," 
and that Joseph Eaton be a committee to consult an archi- 
tect and estimate the expense. It was also voted that the 
meeting-house should not in future be used for town pur- 
poses, and that Eaton should inform the selectmen of this 
vote. At a meeting held July 5lh, the parish committee 
were instructed, in case the selectmen thought the town had 
a claim on the meeting-house, to refer the matter to some 
leal authority, and the committee were empowered to sue, 
and to defend the rights of the parish. 

At a parish-meeting, held March 26, 1842, it was voted 
to petition the District Court for leave to sell the meeting- 
house at private sale, or otherwise, with or without the 
land on which it stood, as might be thought advisable. 

The last entry in the parish records is dated Sept. 27, 

1842. It was called in the legal manner, and a legal re- 
turn was made upon the warrant, and was signed by the 
person who notified the members, and by the parish clerk. 
For some reason, however, it was not deemed legal by some. 
The entry read as follows : 

"At a certain meeting purporling to be a meeting of the First 
Parish in Uarpswell held on the 27 of September, 1S42, and which 
was called by Washington Ctarcelon, Jus. Peace, issuing his 
warrant to Thomas Alexander, voted as follows,— Thomas Alexander, 



310 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Moderator; after which the meeting was objected to by a member of 
tlie said Parish, in behalf of the Parish, and they refused to net, as 
being illegal on aocouiit of its not having Ijecn notified by said Alex- 
ander : 

"Voted, that a committee of three be chosen to remonstrate at 
court against the meeting-house being sold. Voted, Joshua Stover, 
llufus Dunning, and .Simeon Stover t2d) be this committee. Voted, 
that this committee have power to call on papers and witnesses. 
Voted, that John Stover be an agent to carry the remonstrance to 
Court. Voted, to pass over the 3d article in the warrant [to see if 
the parish would repair the moeting-house]. Voted, that all votes 
passed on the 26th of March last, concerning the sale of the Meeting- 
llousc, be rescinded. Voted, that the Mceting-IIouse be occupied as it 
has been. Voted, not to assess any money for the support of the 
Ministry. Voted, that this meeting be dissolved. 

"Attest. WiLi.LVM C. Eatos, 

" P. Clerh:" 

After this date the moeting-house remained, for the most 
part, unused, until 185G, when it was taken possession of 
by the town as a town-house and selectmen's office. 

This building, though probably one hundred and twenty 
years old, is still standing, and in use as a town-house, and 
is in a fair state of preservation. The boards, an inch and 
a half thick, and the birch-bark covering the cracks beneath 
the clapboards, are still to be seen in it, as well as the curious 
hinges and the original hand-made nails. 

The old meeting-house of the Fir.st Parish, on Great 
Island, was built about 1770, and was taken down in 1843. 
It was similar, both externally and internally, to the ol^l 
meeting-house on the Neck, and does not,- therefore, require 
further description. 

The Centre Congregational meeting-house, on Harpswell 
Neck, directly opposite the old First Parish meeting-house, 
was built in 1843. It was built by individuals who entered 
into the following agreement : 

" We, the subscribers, being desirous to have a meeting-bouse built 
in the vicinity of the old meeting-house on Harpswell Neck, to bo 
ever owned, managed, and conducted by the Congregational Society 
in Harpswell, with the privilege of its being occupied by others 
holding evangelical sentiments, at the request of any pew-holder, 
when not occupied by the said Congregational Society. To contain 
about 40 pews, with a belfry and steeple, and to be of such dimen- 
sions as the building committee and some experienced joiner shall 
deem best. 

" And we hereby agree to tiiUe the number of pews set against our 
names, and to pay the assessments as agreetl upon at any regular 
meeting of said subscribers, the first meeting to be called by the 
building committee or any three of the subscribers, to choose such 
officers and make such regulations as said meeting may think proper, 
and to determine the manner of calling future meetings. And the 
building committee to be Silvester Stover, Clement Martin, and 
James Stover. And all who can conveniently, to pay in to the build- 
ing committee. 

"Silvester Stover, 10 pews; Joseph Stover, 1 pew; Dominicus 
Jordan, 1 pew; George S. Dunning, 1 pew; James Stover, 1 pew; 
Isaac Dunning, 1 pew ; William Barnes, 2 pews; Joseph Eaton, 1 
pew ; Jacob Merrj'man, 1 pew ; William C. Eaton, 1 pew ; Hugh Farr, 
1 pew; Elisha Allen, .Jr., 1 pew; Abraham Alien, 1 pew ; James 
Dunning, 1 pew ; Simeon Orr, I pew ; Richard Orr, Jr., 1 pew ; 
Stephen Sinnet, Jr., J pew; Michael Sinnct, J pew; Norton Stover 
(2d), 1 pew; Clement Martin, S pews; George II. Skolficld, 1 pew; 
Daniel Randall, 1 pew; George Skolficld, 1 pew; Mary Skollicid, 1 
pew." 

At their first meeting the foregoing proprietors voted to 
purchase three-sixteenths of an acre of land of Elisha 
Stover, for the meeting-house lot. At another meeting of 
the same, held June 30th, it was voted, in explanation of one 
clause of their agreement, " that when the meeting-house is 



not supplied by Congregational preaching, it shall be opened 
on the Sabbath under the direction of the committee or 
agent having charge of it, and at the request of one or 
more pew-holders, for preaching by other authorized min- 
isters in regular standing, holding the sentiments commonly 
called evangelical, such as the atonement, regeneration, 
the spirltuid influences of the Holy Spirit, and future ret- 
ribution. But for preachers of other sentiments than those 
referred to, and for all other public occasions and uses what- 
ever, it cannot be opened except in the usual way, viz., by 
the committee or agent acting under tlie direction of the 
Congregational Society." It was also voted at this meeting 
that Joseph Eaton, George R. Skolficld, and George S. 
Dunning be a committee to take measures in regard to 
forming a new parish, whenever it should be thought expe- 
dient. At a meeting of the proprietors, held September 
25th, George R. Skolficld, James Stover, and Daniel Randall 
were chosen a committee of arrangements for the dedica- 
tion. It was also voted " That we, the proprietors of the 
new meeting-house recently huilt on Harpswell Neck, do 
hereby convey and transfer to the Centre Congregational 
Parish in Harp.swell, when formed, all our right, title, and 
interest in and to said meeting-house, authorizing said par- 
ish to give deeds of conveyance to any persons who may 
purchase pews in said house, and to do such other acts as 
may be legally done by parishes in respect to meeting- 
houses." 

The Union meeting-house on Harpswell Neck was built 
in 1841, and was dedicated by the Universalists on the 
21st of September of the same year. It is situated near 
the academy in North Harpswell. 

The Methodist church on Harpswell Neck was erected 
in 1854-55. Work upon the building was commenced in 
October, 1854, when there were but seven members in 
the society, which was then under the pastoral charge of 
Rev. George C. Crawford. Captains Norton Stover and 
Nathaniel Pinkham assumed the entire pecuniary responsi- 
bility. The building was dedicated May 17, 1855, and on 
that day pews were sold. The cost of the building was 
about $4000. 

The Orr's Island meeting-house, the first and only one 
ever built on that island, was erected in 1855, and is occu- 
pied one quarter of the time each by the Methodists, Free 
Baptists, Calviuist Baptists, and Congregationalists. The 
original owners were members of the three churches on 
Harpswell Neck. A Free Baptist Church was organized 
after the building was erected, and tlie above arrangement 
as to meetings was made. 

EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS. 

The earliest reference that has been found to any pro- 
vision for a school in Harpswell is the appropriation of £20 
for that purpose by the town on May 9, 1759. Where a 
school was kept this year and by whom is nowhere stated. 

In May, 17G0, the town voted that each part of the 
Neck, and also the Island, should draw their proportionate 
part of the school money that was collected, and should 
hire mistresses.* 

s No reference occurs in the records of Brunswick or Topsham to 
the employment of any mistresses in the last century. 



TOWN OF HAKPSWELL. 



311 



At the annual meeting in 17G1, the town appropriated 
£20 for the support of a school, and instructed the select- 
men to provide one. 

In 17G2 the town voted to raise £20, as usual, for a 
school. 

At the May meeting in 1703, the town voted not to 
build a school-house near the meeting-house. The town 
also voted to pay James Booker £1 and 13s. for going to 
Falmouth, " the Place being Presented for want of a school." 
By reference to the records of the Court of General Ses- 
sions for Cumberland County, October term, 1762, it ap- 
pears that though the town had been presented, it was ex- 
cused from a fine by reason of the selectmen testifying that 
they had employed a man as teacher who had been taken 
sick and had consequently been unable to attend his duty. 

In 1705 the town voted to pay William Sylvester, Esq., 
£1 and lis. "for the charges that he paid on account of 
there being no school the last summer." 

At the annual meeting in March, 1771, the town voted 
to build three school-houses. It is not known exactly 
where these buildings were located, but in all probability 
one of them was on Great Sebascodigan Island and the 
other two on the Neck. 

In May, 1780, the town voted to raise £300 for the sup- 
port of schools. The difference between this sum and £20 
seems extreme. It is undoubtedly due to the depreciation 
of the currency. 

In June, 1771, £15 was«<?oted by the town for school 
money, " to be reckoned in silver dollars as sis shillings 
each, or in other currency equal to silver." 

From this time until May, 1791, the town took no action 
in regard to school matters, except to pass the usual appro- 
priation of money. On this latter date it was voted that 
" Orr's Island and Baylie's Island are to have £5 of the 
school money for them to keep a school with the present 
year, and for no other use." The appropriation for schools 
was this year £25. 

In 1797 the town voted that " the selectmen should class 
the town into school classes, and appoint a day for each 
class to meet and choose a head for their respective classes." 

In May, 1798, the town voted to accept the school 
classes or districts on the Island, as the selectmen had di- 
vided them. Marlborough Sylvester was chosen to be the 
head of the first district on the Neck ; Capt. William Tarr 
to be the head of the second district on the Neck ; Clement 
Orr, of the district on Orr's I'iland and Bailey's Island ; 
Samuel Snow, of the first district on Sebascodigan ; Stephen 
Purinton, of the second district on the latter island ; and 
Josiah Totman, of the third district on this island. From 
this it appears that the town was divided into six districts, 
of which two were on the Neck, one included Ori's and 
Bailey's Islands, and the remainder were on the Great 
Sebascodigan Island. 

The records of the town contain nothing further in re- 
gard to schools until 1810. This year the town voted that 
school committees should be chosen iu each district. 

On Nov. 7, 1814, the town passed a vote unlike any that 
we have ever met with in the doings of any other town. 
It voted " that the school money raised on the first Monday 
of May last shall be appropriated towards paying the ex- 



penses the selectiuen were at for their attendance and ex- 
penses for the militia." Inter arum leges silent .' 

In September, 1821, the town voted to choose a superin- 
tending school committee of three, and Rev. Samuel Eaton, 
Alcot Stover, Jr., and Capt. Stephen Snow were elected. 
Agents were also chosen this year for the different .school 
districts. 

In 1822 a school committee of seven members was 
chosen. 

At a meeting of the town in September, 1828, it was 
voted that the school committee should not be paid for their 
services. As there is no evidence of any dissatisfaction 
with the committee, the above vote probably indicates the 
impression that existed in the town that the honor of hold- 
ing such a weighty office ought to be considered a sufficient 
compen.salion. 

In 1834 a new division of the town into school districts 
was made. 

In 1857 the town voted to dispen.se with a superintending 
school committee and to choose a supervisor. Thomas U. 
Eaton was elected to this office. From this time until 
18G2, inclusive, a supervisor of .schools was chosen each 
year. 

In 18G3 the town abandoned the idea of electing a 
supervisor, and went back to the old plan of choosing a 
school committee of three. 

SCHOOL-HOUSES AND TEACHERS. 

The town in 1771 voted to build three school-houses, 
but it is not known whether they were erected that year 
nor where they stood. If they were all built at that time, 
it is probable that two of them, at least, were built upon 
the Neck. If the other was built upon Sebascodigan Island, 
it was probably destroyed by fire, as according to very 
trustworthy traditional testimony the first school-house now 
known to have been built upon that island was not erected 
until about 1785. This school-house was first located a 
few rods south of the burying-ground, but about 1845 it 
was removed to its present location, about two hundred 
rods north of where it formerly stood. This house has been 
often repaired and is still quite sound, and is annually used 
for schools. 

In 1786, or a year or two later, the second school-house 
on this island was built on the land of Nathaniel Purinton. 
It was destroyed by fire in 1826, and the present building 
was erected soon after on .the site of the former. 

No information has been obtained in regard to the erec- 
tion of school-houses in other portions of the town, and but 
little can be said concerning the early teachers here. 

An Irishman by the name of Patch is said to have 
taught the first public school on Great Island. He kept a 
school in the old school-house for seven or eight winters. 
Some of the later teachers in that district have been Wcnt- 
worth Dresser, a Mr. Hill, T. Coten, and Mr. Edgecomb, of 
Topsham, who is the present teacher there. 

The first teacher in the second school-house was Joha 
Sullivan, also an Irishman. He is said to have been a 
good teacher, but addicted to habits of intemperance, and 
accustomed to close his school for a week or more iu order 
to go upon drinking " sprees." Among his successors iu 



312 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



that school have been Samuel Williams, Nathaniel Purin- 
ton, W. Dresser, Dr. Seward Gareelon, Jeremiah Ilaeker, 
S. Purinton, G. C. Smith, and the present teacher, Alvah 
A. Plummer. 

There are upon Great Island six school districts, and the 
schools average from sixteen to twenty-eight weeks each in 
length. From $20 to $W per month and board are the 
wages to male teachers, and from $2 to $(5 per week and 
board to female teachers. Board is from $2 to S-ti per 
week. The average number of scholars in each school is 
about 21). 

AC.\DEMIC.VL I.NSTITLTrONS. 

The only .school of this character in town w.is the Harps- 
well Academy. Some of the prominent citizens, desirous 
of having better advantages of education offered to the 
children of the town than were aff.jrdcd by the common 
schools, formed a corporation fur the promotion of that 
object in the year 1859. 

The first meeting of the Ilarpswell Academy Corporation 
was held June 13, 1851), in Johnson's Hall. The act of 
incorporation was accepted, and a committee of three were 
chosen to prepare a code of by-laws. These by-laws, which 
were accepted at the next meeting, provided, among other 
things, that the annual meetings should be held on the 
second Monday in June ; that the oiEcers should consist of 
a president, secretary, treasurer, and a visiting committee 
of three, together forming a board of trustees ; that the 
visiting committee should visit the school twice each term, 
and should have entire control of the school and building; 
that the board of trustees should employ the teachers, fix 
the terms of admission to the school, and make all pur- 
chases ; and that " there shall never be a majority of the 
trustees elected from any one sect or denomination of 
Christians." 

At this meeting Paul Randall was chosen President ; 
Harmon Pennell, Vice-President ; Robert Pennell, Secre- 
tary ; Ileiny Barnes, Treasurer ; and Clement Skolfield, 
Isaiah Snow, Stephen Purinton, Thomas Pennell, and 
Lemuel H. Stover, a Visiting Committee. A committee 
of three was also chosen to raise money and select a place 
for an academy building. On July 2d of this year the 
trustees voted to accept a lot of one-fourth of an acre of 
land offered by David S. Dunning at the sum of $25, and 
very shortly after this a neat and substantial building was 
erected on that part of the Neck which is designated 
North Ilarpswell. The corpoijitors, however, went in debt 
for the building, and accordingly, at a meeting held March 
1, 18G0, the academy was mortgaged in order to raise 
money to pay the indebtedness. On April 18, 18lj5, the 
trustees voted to raise money by subscription to redeem 
this building. How succe.ssl"ul this attempt was is not 
stated in the records. 

The first term of school in this academy commenced 
Monday, Sept. 5, 1859, under the instruction of H. C. 
White, M.D., with one or more assistants. The rates of 
tuition were as follows: in Primary Department, per term, 
$2; in Common English, $3; in Higher Branches, $4; 
in Drawing and Painting, §1.50 to S2 ; in Music, §G. Fur 
use of instrument, §1 extra. 

The school was kept up a few years, but finally failed 



from want of adequate support and encouragement. The 
building is still standing. 



PRIVATE SCHOOLS. 

The first school-teacher upon (Jreat Island was a man 
named Hobby. He taught in private hou.scs. Private 
schools were held in many families prior to the building of 
the first school-hou.se, but there have been but few held in 
the part of the Lsland where the second school-house is lo- 
cated. Stephen Purinton, however, is known to have had 
schools for his children. The only private teachers besides 
Hobby, who are remembered to have taught here in early 
times, were Messrs. Patch and Sullivan. 

The first teacher on Orr's Island is said to have been a 
man by the name of Kinnecum, and the first one upon 
Merriconeag Neck is said to have been a Mr. Walker. 
Both of these teachers taught private schools. 

The only teacher of a private school on the Neck beside 
Mr. Walker, of whom we have been able to learn, was Par- 
son Eaton, who taught a few day-scholars in some of the 
higher branches. Although we have no positive informa- 
tion upon the subject, it is probable that Mr. Eaton's 
scholars were only those who desired to secure a higher 
education than could at that time be obtained at the com- 
mon schools, and they very likely were the children of the 
more wealthy citizens. 

MILITARY. 

SOLDIERS IN THE REVOLUTION. 

CAPTAIX JAMES CURTIS* COMPANY. 

Adams, Thomas, private, enlisted July 20, 1776; served two months 

and twenty-five dnys. 
Andrews, John, private, enlisted July 17, 1775; served three months. 
Barslow, James, private, enlisted May 17, 1775; served three months. 
Bibber, James, private, enlisted May 20,1775; served two months 

and twenty-five days. 
Blake, John, corporal, enlisted July 17, 1775 ; served three months. 
Cumraings, John, private, enlisted June 10, 1775; served two months 

and four days. 
Curtis, Jacob, sergeant, enlisted July 17, 1775; served three months. 
Curtis, Nathaniel, private, enlisted May 17, 1775; served three 

months. 
Doyle, Elijah, private, enlisted May 17, 1775: served three months. 
Ewing. John, sergeant, cnlistetl July 18, 1775; served three months 

and two days. 
"Hunt, William, sergeant, enlisted July 18, 1775; .served three months 

and two days. 
Johnson, David, private, enlisted July 17, 1775 ; served three months. 
Johnson, James, private, enlisted May 17, 1775 ; served three months. 
Johnson, .John, private, enlisted May 17, 1775; served three months. 
Miller, Asa, fifer, enlisted July 17, 1775 ; served three months. 
Purinton, Humphrey, private, enlisted July I, 1775; served one 

month and eleven days. 
Roddick, Villiam, private, enlisted May 20, 1775 ; served two months 

and twenty-five days. 
Rogers, Mark, first lieutenant, enlisted May 15, 1775; served three 

months and two days. 
Tarr, Joseph, private, enlisted July 20, 1775; served two months and 

twenty-five days. 
Tarr, William, private, enlistc.l July 20, 1775; served two months 

and twenty-five days. 
Thompson, Cornelius, private, enlisted July 1, 1775; served one 

month and eleven days. 
Thompson, Joel, private, enlisted July 18, 1775; served three months 

and two days. 



TOWN OF HAKPSWELL. 



313 



Toothaker, Ejihi-aim, private, enlisted May 17, 1775; served three 

months. 
Williams, Samuel, private, enlisted June 10, 1775; served two months 

and four days. 

CAPT4IN NATHANIEL LARRABEe"s COMPAXY. 

Birthright, Peter, private, enlisted July 9, 1775; served si.i months 

and seven days. 
Dolph, Ellis, private, enlisted July 9, 1775; served six months and 

seven days. 
Ilall, Nathaniel, private, enlisted July 9, 1775; served six months 

and seven days. 
Larrabee, Nathaniel, captain, enlisted July 1, 1775 ; served si.\ months 

and si.\teen days. 
Snow, Isaac, first lieutenant, enlisted July 1, 1775; served six months 

and sixteen days. 
Toothaker, Abraham, private, enlisted July 10, 1775; served six 

months and six days. 
Williams, Samuel, sergeant, enlisted July 9, 1775; served six months 

and seven days. 

CAPTAIN WILLIAM LITHOOW'S COMPANV. 

Andrews, John, private, marched Aug. 6, 1776; served five months 

and twenty-three days. 
Barstow, Isaac, private, served five months and twenty-three days. 
Doughty, Benjamin, private, marched March II, 1776; served eight 

months and fourteen days. 
Hunt, William, corporal, served five months. 

CAPTAIN GEORGE WHITE'S COMPANV. 

Adams, Adam C, private, enlisted 1777. 

Adams, Samuel, private, enlisted 1777; served one hundred and 

twenty-one days. 
Allen, Pelaliah, private, enlisted 1777; served seventy days. 
Curtis, Benjamin, private, enlisted 1777. 
Henry, Zebulon, private, enlisted 1777. 
Toothaker, Seth, private, enlisted 1777; served seventy-nine and a 

half days. 
AVhittum, Thomas, private, enlisted 1777. 
Wilson, William, private, enlisted 1777; served sixty-eight and a half 

days. 

CAPTAIN reed's COMPANV. 

Samuel Adams, Badger Aderton, Robert Bray, Patrick Herfernan, 
Luke Nickerson, and Arch. Weymouth. 

CAPTAIN smith's COMPANV. 

James Whittum. 

captain lane's COMPANV. 

James Bibber, James Doyle, Jotham Doyle, and Samuel Webber. 

captain Curtis' company,-^- in colonel Mitchell's regiment. 
Bishop, Uutson, enlisted 1778. 
Booker, Isaiah, enlisted 1778. 
Gardner, Seth, enlisted 1778. 
Haskell, Ward, enlisted 177S. 
Johnson, Jonathan, enlisted 1778. 

companies, etc., unknown. 
Alexander, Thomas, captain, enlisted 1776. 
Curtis, Nehemiah, captain, enlisted 1777. 
Doughty, f James. 

Farrin,f , jirivate. 

Hodgkins, Eli, ensign, enlisted 177G-S0. 

Leavi(t,t Caleb, private, enlisted 1775; killed at Bunker Hill. 

Leavitt,! Nathaniel, private. 

Merritt.f Henry. 

Merryman, Huston, lieutenant, enlisted 1776. 

Puriuton, John M., captain, enlisted 1776-80. 

Purinton,f Stephen. 

Small, f Samuel, private. 

* Enlisted for "the term of nine months from the time of their 
arrival in Fish Kills." 

t From traditional sources alone. 
40 



Small, Ephraim, private. 

Stover, Simeon Q., ensign, enlisted 1776. 

Trufant, Samuel, lieutenant, enlisted 1776-80. 

PRIVATEERSMEN. 

vessel "sea-flower." 
Abner Bishop, John Black, John Skolfield, Elisha Snow, Isaac Snow, 
John Snow, Marlbro Sylvester, Abraham Toothaker, Isaac Tooth- 
aker, and Josiah Totman. 

WAR OP 1812-14. 

captain Johnson's company. J 

June 20 to 25, and Sept. 19 to 21, 1814. 

David Johnson, captain ; Pcleg Curtis, lieutenant; David Curtis, en- 
sign: James Merryman (4th), Benjamin Randall, Isaac Sylvester, 
James S. Wier, sergeants; Ebenezer Curtis, Thomas Merryman, 
John Reed, Jr., Simeon Orr, corporals; James Dunning, drum- 
mer; Jacob Merryman, Fryeholt Eathmian, fifers. 

Prival€«. 

Alexander, Hugh, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Alexander, Isaac, enlisted Juno 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Alexander, .Joseph, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Allen, Ephraim, Jr., enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Barstow, Robert, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Barstow, William, enlisted June 20 to 25. 

Bibber, Courtney, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Blake, John (waiter), enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Blasland, William (waiter), enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Booker, Daniel, Jr., enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Clark, David, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Clark, Paul (waiter), enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Curtis, James, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Curtis, John, enlisted June 20 to 25. 

Curtis, Paul, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Curtis, Simeon, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Douglass, George, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Douglass, William, enlisted June 20 to 25. 

Ewing, James, Jr., enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Ewing, John, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Farrin, AVinthrop, enlisted June 20 to 25. 

Gardiner, Robert, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Hersey, John, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. ' 

Hodgkins, Benjamin, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Ingalls, John N., enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Jordan, William, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Kemp, Silas, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Matthews, Samuel, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Merryman, Benjamin, enlisted June 20 to 25. 

Merryman, James (3d), enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Merryman, John, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Merryman, Michael, Jr., enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Merryman, Samuel, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Merryman, AVaitstill, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Merryman, William, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Orr, David, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Orr, William, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Perry, David, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Pinkham, Richard, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Reed, William, enlisted June 20 to 25. 

Sinnet, Hugh, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Skolfield, Samuel, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Stevens, William H., enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Stover, Daniel, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sei)t. 10 to 29. 

Stover, David, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Stover, John, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Stover, Joseph, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Stover, Joshua, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Stover, Paul, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Stover, Theophilus, enlisted Juno 20 to 25. 

i From Treasury Department, Washington. 



314 



HISTORY OF CUM BERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Sylvester, John, enlisted Sept. 10 to 29. 

Sylvester, Marlboro', enlisted .Tunc 20 to 25, iind Sept. 10 to 29. 

Sylvester, William, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 20. 

Thomas, Jesse, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Toothaker, David, enlisted June 20 to 2.5, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Totman, Levi, enlisted June 20 to 25. 

Webber, Charles, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Wheeler, John, enlitted Juno 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

M'heeler, Simeon, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 

Wilson, John, enlisted June 20 to 25, and Sept. 10 to 29. 



Sept. 10 to 29, 1811. 

Stephen Snow, eaptain; I'aul Snow, -lieutenant ; ^^'illiam Merrilt, 
ensign; Stephen Merritt, Jonathan Holbrook, Elisha Coombs, 
William Thomas, sergeants; Samuel Toothaker, Cornelius Too- 



thaker, Kingsbury Eastman, Simeon llopkius, corporals; Daniel 
Sawyer, Josiah Green, musicians. 



-John Alexnnder, George Aubins, Humphrey Aubins, James Black- 
more (waiter), Samuel Bliike (waiter), Jesse Coombs, Spencer 
Din^ley, Ebenezer Dresser, James Eastman, Israel Holbrook, 
Elisha Hopkins, Timothy Kemp, George Leavitt, James Lorey, 
Isaiah Lunt (waiter), Isaac Merritt, Samuel Merritt, Samuel 
Otis, Jr., Leonard P. Prior, Joshua Purinton, Nathaniel Pur- 
inton (afterwards promoted to lieutenant), Benjamin Rich, Mark 
Ridley, .Jr., Israel Small, Isaiah Snow, Jr., Jesse Snow, Jesse 
Snow, Jr., Samuel Snow, John Toothaker, Alexander Wilson, 
Seth Wilson. 

IS COMPA.MES, ETC., UXKNOW.V. 

George Dyer, Leonard Dyer, Paul Raymond, Robert Purinton. 



HARRISON. 



PIONEERS OF THE TOWN. 
Three miles west of Harrison village, a broad ridge ex- 
tending towards the north rises into a summit eight hundred 
and eighty feet above the level of the sea. This is the high- 
est point of land in Cumberland County. It commands a 
fine prospect of the surrounding country. To the north 
and westward the broken hills and rounded peaks rise in 
the distance till the vision is obscured by the nearer out- 
lines of Mount Pleasant. Lake Sebago, with its clear, 
crystal surface, lies in the foreground, and the white cluster 
of buildings on the opposite side, nestling in the green 
foliage, is the village of Bridgton. Two miles south of this 
point of observation, along the broad ridge now covered 
with meadows and orchards, and an occasional grove of 
maples, the Carsleys made the first opening in the forest 
in what is now the town of Harrison, erecting a rude camp, 
which should serve as a shelter on their return the next 
spring to make a permanent home upon the lands which 
they had selected. There were three of them, the father, 
John Carsley, and his two sons, Nathan and Seth, who 
came from their former home in Gorham early in the spring 
of 1793, hauling their camping utensils and their wives on 
hand-sleds. They had come prepared for sugar-making, 
for which purpo.se they had erected their camp among the 
maples, and brought their outfit. Mrs. Nathan Cjirsley 
had been brought up among the Shakers, at Alfred, whose 
society she had abandoned to share with her young husband 
the dangers and hardships of pioneer life. Sugar-making 
was scarcely over when the young mother gave birth to a 
son, whose title to the honor of being the "first white child 
born in Harrison" lias never been disputed. William 
Carsley, son of Nathan, was born in the rude sugar-camp 
which we have described, on the 1-lth day of April, 1793.* 



* William Carsley is fathe 
E. Xewcomb. 



•d Mary 



Deacon Seth Carsley, then a lad of eleven years old, drove 
a six-ox team through the rough paths and across Long 
Pond on the ice to Bridgton, for lumber to build the first 
house. John Carsley settled a short distance to the north 
of the little church-yard, where he sleeps beneath a stone 
bearing the inscription, " Finst Settler in Harrison." 
Deacon Seth Carsley, who had previously lived with his 
brother, married Susannah Whitney in 1809, and purchased 
a fitrm near by. He was made one of the first deacons of 
his church on its organization. 

In the little well-filled burying-ground, near the resting- 
place of the first settler, sleeps Nathan Carsley and his wife 
Susie, and many others of the pioneers. Here are Edward 
Bray, Charles Walker, James Chadbourne, and Elijah 
Scribner, all deacons of the same church, and Col. Haskell 
Peirce. A rough granite slab bears the rude inscription, 
"John Pitts-di-March-22-1827, ao. 91." Here also is 
the memorial of Oliver Peirce, Esq., once the most pros- 
perous and influential man of the town. 

A neat school-house now stands in a grove on the exact 
spot of the camp of the Carsleys of 1793, and the site of 
the later dwelling of Nathan Carsley is marked by a soli- 
tary locust-tree still standing. Passing down the ridge a 
mile to the south j'ou enter a road running in a direct line 
from the Emerson burying-ground on your left to Harrison 
village. The valley to the cast was once Otisfield ; to the 
west, Bridgton ; this being the old division line between the 
two towns. 

James Watson, born in Gorham Fort, and afterwards a 
soldier of the Revolution, married a sister of Nathan Cars- 
ley, also came to Harrison the same year and .settled on the 
Pond road, a mile south of the present village, where he 
erected the first frame house in town. 

In 1797, Maj. Jacob Emerson, son of William Emerson, 
of Bridgton, purchased land in the south part of the town 
near the Emerson burying-ground, erected a house, and 




RESlDFNCf or P.JOLMAN, ^ARRISON .CUMBERLAND CO.Mt 



TOWN OF HARRISON. 



315 



worked there, improving his place, for three years previous 
to his marriage. Benjamin Foster, another Bridgton boy, 
a son of Asael Foster, purchased hind near him the same 
year, and Hved alone in a camp several years, after which 
he erected a frame house, married Miss Nancy Veasey, of 
Denmark, and, as population increased, opened the first 
store in the town. 

Simeon Caswell, who was born in Taunton, Mass., in 1763, 
served a short time in the llevolutionary war, settled in Mi- 
not, Me., and removed to Harrison in 1797, in company with 
Nicliolas Bray, an old army comrade, also from Minot. Mr. 
Bray opened a clearing on the " ridge," north of John Carsley. 
His son. Deacon Edward Bray, occupied the homestead after 
him, served in tlie war of 1812, and was one of the first 
deacons of his church. Rev. Nicholas Bray was a grandson. 
Mr. Caswell, who was the father of Simeon Caswell, also a 
soldier of 1812, settled on a farm a mile north of Bolster's 
Mills. Newell N. and John W. Caswell, leading manufac- 
turers of Harri.son, are grandsons of Simeon Caswell, Sr. 

Nephtali Harmon, son of Samuel Harmon, of York 
County, and father of Deacon William Powers Harmon, 
purchased of Joseph Muffatt, a former temporary settler, a 
tract of land three miles east of the village, in 1797, and 
immediately became one of the most prominent public men. 
He built a blacksmith-shop at tlie corner of the road which 
still bears his name, near the Summit Spring, was commis- 
sioned a lieutenant in the militia by Governor Caleb Strong, 
of JIassachusetts, in 1803, and made captain in 1805. Mr. 
Moffatt's child, who died on the summit, was the first 
person who died in Harrison. Another Nephtali Harmon, 
son of Rufus Harmon, of Sandford, came soon after and 
settled two miles south. They were known as Captain and 
" Little Nep." Samuel Harmon and George Harmon were 
his sons. 

John Scribner, son of Edward Scribner, the " old man 
of Otisfield," settled on what has become since known as 
Scribner's Hill, near the Summit Spring, with Samuel 
Scribner, his cousin, in 1797. Col. Ebenezer H. Scribner, 
his brother, came at the same time, married Phoebe, daugh- 
ter of Capt. Benjamin Kimball, of Bridgton, and settled on 
the west side of the summit. Willoughby, another brother, 
married a daughter of George Peirce, Esq., and settled in 
the south of the town. 

John Woodsum, a descendant of Joseph Woodsum, the 
tailor of Berwick, settled in Harrison in 1798, and has 
several descendants still living in the town. 

Jeremiah Witham located south of John Carsley, in 
1799. The Summit Spring was included in the farm of 
Abraham Burnham, who married Alice Scribner, of Wa- 
terboro', Mass., and was one of the earliest settlers in the 
town. He attached great value to his spring, which was 
almost unknown until 1876. This was considered the best 
location in the town even then. From the top of the 
hill could be seen the quiet lakes, surrounded by unbroken 
forests, which looked like a rich velvet carpet of many 
shades of green, changing with the seasons, while the 
mountains b.eyond rose half-bared in rugged granite. 

James Thomes, father of Ellison Thomes, and cousin of 
Col. Amos Thomes, settled in the south part of Harrison, 
near the Carsleys, in 1800, and was joined afterwards by 



Col. Amos Thomes, who became a prominent and success- 
ful stock-farmer. His son, who has succeeded him, is one 
of the most successful stock-raisers in the town and a promi- 
nent citizen. During 1800, Noah Stiles, of Bridgton, and 
his son Stephen settled in Harrison near Island Pond, and 
James Sampson, of Duxbridgo, IMass., purchased the site 
of Harrison village, erected the first hou.se on the flat, 
built mills on the outlet of Anonymous Pond, and opened 
a blacksmith -.shop. His son, Ahira Sampson, erected his 
dwelling on the corner occupied by Walker & Monroe's 
store, and worked in the mill and shop. The first steam- 
boat on the lake, the " Fawn," was built and run by his 
grand.son, Capt. Christopher C. W. Sampson. 

Joshua Howard, father of Joshua Howard, who served 
in the war of 1812, and grandfather of Hon. Joshua 
Howard, settled in Harrison on the farm afterwards the 
home of Deacon James Chadbourne, and moved into a 
log house, without doors, on what was long known as the 
Howard farm, now one of the most valuable in the town, 
and owned by Jonathan Whitney. Levi Gilson settled in 
the northeast, near Crooked River, in 1803. He and his 
brother, Peter Gilson, who built a saw- and grist-mill below 
Bolster's Mills soon after, were formed, with John and Wil- 
liam Gammon, into a separate school district in 1812. In 
1795, Edward Lowell located near Caswell's Corner, in the 
northeast. His grandson. Nelson Lowell, is the only branch 
of the family now living in Harrison. 

Benjamin Willard settled near Anonymous Pond in 1805 ; 
Jonathan Lakin, father of John, Loring, and Thomas 
Lakin, settled half a mile south of the Carsleys in 1806, 
became a prominent man, and died at the age of ninety-two. 
James Hobbs Chadbourne and Benjamin Chadbourne were 
early settlers of two separate families. Benjamin settled 
half a mile north of Mr. Dawes, near Anonymous Pond, in 
1807 ; James H., a prominent citizen, settled on the 
Howard place in 1811. Thomas Cummings, who settled on 
the hill soutli of the village overlooking Long Pond in 1810, 
near Aaron Kneeland, a former neighbor, who had come 
from Topsfield, Mass., two years before. David P. Kneeland, 
the tenth son of Aaron, is father of Almon Kneeland, pro- 
prietor of the Elm House at Harrison. David Kneeland, 
who came earlier, had a house, two barns, and eleven acres 
of cleared land in 1795. 

LATKK SETTLERS. 

Among the later settlers whose families are still residents 
of the town, Wentworth, father of Charles E. Stewart, 
settled in the northeast part in 1814 ; Enoch Ha.skell set- 
tled near Bolster's Mills in 1812, where his son, Thomas, be- 
came widely known as an adventurous hunter and trapper ; 
Mcses Whitney settled on the old town line, half a mile 
south of Meadow Brook, in 1815. He was one of a family 
of eleven who served in the war of the Revolution. Ed- 
ward K. Whitney, a successful and extensive stock-raiser 
and leading citizen, is his grandson. James Weston, father 
of the prominent physician. Dr. Loton Weston, was an 
early settler. Stephen Ingalls, father of Ezra T., and grand- 
father of Hon. Melville E. Ingalls, settled near the south 
of the town, near Capt. William Kilborn, whose sister he 
married, about 1800. 



316 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Edmond Pliiiiney, an early settler, who lived near Deacon 
Carslcy, raised two sons, Revs. Clement and Joseph Phinney, 
who became Baptist ministers, and one, Thomas, who became 
one of the society of " Friends." 

Samuel Perlcy, a cousin of Enoch Perley, of Bridgton, 
settled near the Summit Spring, to the south, where he died 
in 1828. 

Hon. George Peirce, grandson of the first settler of 
Naples, and of " old Doctor Farnsworth," a land surveyor, 
representative. Senator, member of the Governor's Council 
in 1857-58, and ju.stice of the peace for forty-two years, 
has been intimately connected with the development of 
Harrison since the death of his father, Oliver Peirce, in 
1849. The family have always been prominent and useful 
citizens, whose business energy in early days has been a 
public benefit. The first marriage in Harrison after its in- 
corporation was that of Daniel Scribner and Hannah Samp- 
son, July 2, 1806. 

Daniel Jumper settled near the head of Edson Brook in 
1802. His son Daniel, now living, is one of the oldest res- 
idents. 

BURYING-GKOUNDS. 

There is no part of Harrison more intimately associated 
with the hardships of the early pioneers than tluit sur- 
rounding the church-yard where sleep the early settlers, 
and the Emerson burying-ground, where the town line road 
leaves its course to wind its way to the south. Col. Amos 
Thomes, Major Jacob Emerson, Capts. Peirce Scribner and 
Benjamin Foster, John Johnson, and Moses Whitney rest 
here, surrounded by a prosperity whose long coming they 
could not wait. On the summit, where the first busy school 
was taught, the fathers of the Burnham, Scribner, and 
Perley families .sleep in family groups, overlooking tiie 
valley, accompanied by Deacon Edward Stanley and the 
venerable pastor. Rev. David Jewell. 

Capt. Wentworth Stewart, Joseph Fogg, David Lowell, 
and many others have been gathered into the Ryefield 
Bridge Cemetery since 1859 ; another at Bolster's Mills is 
the resting-place of the more recent dead, among whom are 
Capt. John Brackett and Daniel Jumper, soldiers of the 
Revolution. In the east, the churchyard at Harrison 
village is most interesting for its beauty and the number of 
respected dead within its bounds. There are few citizens 
of Harrison who can not point out with pride the grave of 
some honored ancestor within these scattered folds. Many 
of the earlier dead still rest upon their homesteads. 

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS. 
HARRISON VILLAGE, 

comprising some 65 dwellings and 250 inhabitants, is built 
on a flat beside a sloping, sandy shore, at the northern 
terminus of the chain of navigable lakes, connecting by 
rail with Portland at Scbago. The tall spires of its 
three churches, and its large manufactories, are evidences 
of prosperity, which began with the erection of the first 
saw- and grist-mill by James Sampson, near the wire-fac- 
tory, in 1800, and the custom carding-mill of Samuel 
Tyler, at the outlet of Anonymous Pond. Joel Whit- 



more opened the first store in the village, in 1810, and 
Levi Burnham and Oliver Peirce afterwards. Deacon Silas 
Cliadbourne was a tailor long before " ready-made" clothing 
was invented. Seth Carslcy, son of Nathan Carsley, located 
early in the village, and ran a mill, where he soon acquired 
a wide reputation for his wooden plows. In 1829 he in- 
vented a machine for turning lasts and irregular objects, 
took his model in a gig, and drove to Washington, D. C., 
where he procured his patent. In 1834 the manufacture 
of wire was commenced by Grenfoll Blake and Ichabod 
Washburn. This has increased until the Eastern Wire 
Company (P. Tolman & Co.) occupy two large build- 
ings on the same ground, furnishing employment to 30 
operatives. Newell N. Caswell erected a planing-mill in 
1859, to which was added a grist-mill in 1805. Besides, 
there are here the manufactory of stave machinery and 
Woodworth's planers, T. H. Ricker & Son, established for 
the manufacture of looms, by Luther Gorman, in 1846; 
the clothing manufactory of Thomas D. Emery, established 
1873, and employing 30 operatives; the stores of J. H. 
Illsley, established 1854 ; T. R. Samp.son & Son, established 
1862 ; Monroe & Walker, I]vans A. Kneeland, established 
1874 ; the Grange store, C. E. Tolman, C. E. Libby, estab- 
lished 1878; hotel of A. Kneeland, established 1860; 
paint store of Edward Bray, established 1871 ; E. M. 
Dudley, harness, established 1879; G. W. Wheeler, car- 
riages, established 1875; W. W. Kneeland, cofiSns and 
caskets; A. S. Potts, J. S. Wentworth, smiths, 1861 and 
1875. The tall brick chimney on Boar River, to the north, 
marks the woolen-factory, burned in 1872. 

A line of canal boats was established between Harrison 
village and Portland in 1828, and continued until the com- 
pletion of the Ogdensburg Railroad. Large storehouses and 
a tavern were erected, and for many years this was an im- 
portant centre for trade. 

bolster's mills, 
lying on both sides of Crooked River in a deep valley, 
contains 140 inhabitants, the Methodist Episcopal church, 
and school-house, besides the business of the place. Isaac 
Bolster built the dam and saw-mill in 1819, a grist-mill in 
1820, and soon after the post-office was ci'eated, with Mr. 
Bolster postmaster. His son, William Bolster, erected the 
fulling- and carding-mill in 1826, which was changed to a 
shingle- and planing-mill in 1870, by E. G. Coy; the place 
also contains, in Harrison, a grist-mill established on the 
old Bolster mill site, in 1861, by 0. G. Cook. John 
Brackett's carding-mill, established 1865. 

Shoes: J. F. Allen, established 1872. 

Harness: R. H. Cobb, established 1878. 

Carriage Shops: Leander Dorman, established 1863. 

Millinery: Miss E. Fernald, established 1872. 

General Merchandise : Moses Hancock, who is also post- 
master, established 1847. Grange store, established 1875. 

A tannery was erected in 1826, run by Fogg & Billings, 
and closed in 1876. 

The post-i)ffice is kept in either town, at the option of 
the postmaster. It was in Otisfield from 1846 to 1878. 
Mails are tri-weekly to Portland and return, by stage, 
leaving Bolster's Mills Mondays. 



TOWN OF HAKRISON. 



317 



CIVIL HISTORY. 

The town of Harrison, named from Harrison Gray Otis, 
was formed from Bridgton and Otisfield, and was incorpor- 
ated by act of the Legislature of Massachusetts, passed 
March 8, 1805, and comprised that territory south of a line 
east, 15 degrees north, passing through Island Pond, and 
included between Crooked River and Long Pond. The 
surfiice consists of high ridges spreading into broad rolling 
highlands, divided by Sucker, Edson, Meadow, and Johnson 
Brooks into three main ridges, the highest of which reaches 
an altitude of 800 feet above tide. The greater portion of 
these lands are under cultivation. Hay, apples, and butter 
are the chief products. It is bounded on the north by 
Oxford County, on the east by Otisfield, on the south by 
Naples, and on the west by Long Pond and Bridgton. 
That part taken from Otisfield was surveyed by George 
Peirce, Esq. 

The first election was held at the house of Nephtali 
Harmon, at " Harmon's Corners," near where the Jirst town- 
house was built, in 1806. Joel Simmons was chosen Mod- 
erator ; Samuel Willard, Clerk ; Samuel Willard, Benjamin 
Foster, and Stephen Stiles, Selectmen ; Nathaniel Burnam* 
was Treasurer ; John Woodsuni, Collector ; Samuel Scrib- 
ner, Constable; Simeon Caswell, Edward Lowell, Ebenezcr 
Carsley, Nathan Carsley, and Rice Rowell, Highway Sur- 
veyors ; and John Woodsum, Surveyor of Lumber ; Levi 
Perry, Daniel Stone, and Peter Gilson, Fence-Viewers; 
James Sampson, Edward Lowell, and Benjamin Foster, 
Tithing-Men ; Joel Simmons, Jeremiah Turner, and Moses 
Chick, Hog-Reeves; Nephtali Harmon, Poundkeeper; 
Gushing Daws, Stephens Ingalls, and Edward Lowell, 
Field-Drivers. 

There were but 41 ballots cast at the fall election in 
1805. 

A second town-house was erected near the first in 1825, 
and the third erected in 1871, on the high land in Harrison 
village, at an expense of S2200. For many years elections 
were opened with prayer, and an entry of the fact made on 
the town record. 

SELECTMEN. 

1805. — Samuel Willard, Benjamin Foster, Stephen Stiles. 
180R.— Samuel Willard, Stephen Stiles, Nathaniel Burnam. 
1807-8.— Samuel Willard, Ezra Thomas, Stephen Stiles. 
1809. — Nathaniel Burnam, Benjamin Foster, John Woodsum. 
1810. — Nathaniel Burnam, John Woodsum, Benjamin Foster. 
1811-12.— Samuel Willard, Benjamin Foster, James II. Chadbourne. 
ISl.S-lS. — James II. Chadbourne, N.athaniel Burnam, Amos Thomes. 
1816. — James II. Chadbourne, Benj. Foster, Benjamin Chadbourne. 
1817. — Nathaniel Burnam, Amos Thomes, Charles Walker. 
1818. — Amos Thomes, John Woodsum, Charles Walker. 
1819. — Nathaniel Burnam, Amos Thomes, Benjamin Foster. 
1820. -Nathaniel Burnam, Amos Thomes, Charles Walker. 
1821.— Amos Thomes, Charles Walker, Jr., Jacob Emerson. 
1822.— Amos Thomes, Charles Walker, Jr., Joel AVhitmore. 
1823-24.— Charles Walker, Jr., Jacob Emerson, Wentworth Stewart. 
1825. — Charles Walker, Jr., Amos Thomes, James 11. Chadbourne. 
1826. — Charles Walker, Jr., Charles Washburn, Jacob Emerson. 
1827-28.— Charles Walker, Jr., Jacob Emerson, Daniel Witham. 
1829,— Benjamin Foster, Joel Whilmore, Isaac Bolster. 
1830.- Charles Walker, Jr., Joel Whitmore, Amos Thomes. 
1831.— Charles Walker, Jr., William Haskell, Wentworth Stewart. 
1832.— Charles Walker, Jr., William Haskell, Joseph Phinney. 
1833.— Charles Walker, Jr., William Haskell, John Daws. 

* The descendants of Nathaniel Burnham spell their name Burnam. 



1834-35.— Charles Walker, Jr., Amos Thomes, William Haskell. 
1836. — Charles AValker, Jr., Amos Thomes, Wentworth Stewart. 
1837.— Amos Thomes, Charles Walker, Jr., William Haskell. 
1838.— Charles Walker, Jr., AVilliam Haskell, .Seth Carsley (2d). 
1839.— Charles Walker, Jr., William Haskell, Jacob Emerson. 
1840.— Charles Walker, Jr., William Haskell, Wentworth Stewart. 
1841.— Charles Walker, Jr., Amos Thomes, Bani Burnam. 
1842. — Amos Thome.», Bani Burnham, Ilosea H. Huntress. 
1843.— Charles Walker, Jr., Ilosea II. Huntress, Thomas I'hinncy. 
1844.- Harrison Blake, Bani Burnham, Shepard Ilawkc. 
1845.- Thomas Phinney, Abner Libby, Henry Roby. 
1846.— Thomas Phinney, Hosea H. Huntress, Timothy D. Burnham. 
1847. — Thomas Phinney, George Peirce, James Weston. 
1848. — Thomas Phinney, Bani Burnham, James Weston. 
1849-50.- Thomas Phinney, Sumner Burnham, William Twombly. 
1851.— Thomas Phinney, Sumner Burnham, Ezra T. Ingalls. 
1852.— Francis Blake, Ezra T. Ingalls, Isaac Hal!. 
1853-54.— T. R. Sampson, Ezra T. Ingalls, Isaac Hall. 
1855. — Bani Burnham, William Twombly, Eben S. Caswell. 
1856.— Ezra T. Ingalls, Isaac Hall, Amos Small. 
1857-58.— Sumner Burnham, Silas Blake, Cyrus Haskell. 
1859.- Bani Burnham, Ezra T. Ingalls, S. L. Andrews. 
I860.— Bani Burnham, Ezra T. Ingalls, William Twombly. 
1861.- Silas Blake, Joshua Howard, William Twombly. 
1862.— Philander Toliuan, Joshua Howard, William Twombly. 
1863.— Joshua Howard, Albert Gray, William V. Carsley. 
1864.— Obadiah G. Cook, Samuel Thomes, Edward K. Whitney. 
1865.- Joshua Howard, .Tames E. Flood, C. C. W. Sampson. 
1866-68.— Joshua Howard, C. C. W. Sampson, Ezra T. Ingalls. 
1869.— William Twombly, Albert Gray, Charles E. Stewart. 
1870-72.— Caleb A. Chaplin, Albert Gray, Samuel Thomes. 
1873.- Josiah Monroe, George H. Cummings, George W. Braokett. 
1874.— Josiah Monroe, David Frost, George W. Brackctl. 
1875.— Joshua Howard, J. Wendal Weston, Reuben Hobbs. 
1876.— Albert Gray, Albert Cummings, N. H. Seavcy. 
1877.— George H. Cumming.s, Samuel Thomes, Nathaniel H. Seavey. 
1878.— George H. Cummings, Newel A. Trafjon, Nathaniel H. Seavey. 
1879.— Albert Gray, John W. Caswell, Moses Hall. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Samuel Willard, 1805-12; Janus AV. Chadbourne, 1813-23; Charles 
Walker, Jr., 1824-46; Thomas T. Peirce, 1847-50; Thomas R. 
Sampson, 1S5I-63 ; S. Loton Weston, 1864-71 ; Thomas R. .Samp- 
son, 1872-79. 

TREASURERS. 

Nathaniel Burnam, 1805-8; Samuel Willard, 1809-10; Nathaniel 
Burnam, lSll-12; James Sampson, 1813; Ebenezcr Carsley, 
1814; Samuel Scrihner, 1816; Charles Walker, 1816: James 
Sampson, 1817; Samuel Willard, 1818-20; Benjamin Foster, 
1821-23; Samuel Scrihner, 1824; Oliver Peirce, 1825-27; Benja- 
min Foster, 1828; Walker Brackett, 1829; James H. Chadbourne, 
1830-35; Levi Burnam, 1836; Hosea A. Huntress, 1837-40; 
Edward Stanley, 1841 ; Wentworth Stuart, 1842 ; Samuel Walker, 
Jr., 1842-50; T. R. Sampson, 1851-54; Samuel Walker, Jr., 
1855; T. R. Sampson, 1856; Silas Blake, 1857; Samuel Walker, 
Jr., 1858; Joshua Howard, 1859-60; T. R. Sampson, 1861-63; 
Samuel Walker, Jr., 1864; Joshua Howard, 1865; Thomas R. 
Sampson, 1866-70; Albion K. Morse, 1871-79. 

COLLECTORS AND CONSTABLES. 
John Woodsum, col., Samuel Scribner, cons., 1805; Jacob Emerson, 
1806-7; Seth Carsley, 1808; Peter Gilson, 1809; Samuel Scrib- 
ner, 1810; Simeon Caswell, 1811-12; Capt. Benjamin Fo.-tor, 
1813; Simeon Caswell, 1814-15; Jacob Emerson, 1816; Walker 
Brackett, Nathan Carsley, vacancy, 1817; Samuel Scribner, 1818; 
Benjamin Chadbourne, 1819; Joel Whitmore, 1820; Israel Har- 
mon, 1821-22; Walker Brackett, 1823-26; Alonzo Bobbins, 1827; 
AValker Brackett, 1828 ; John P. Lowell, 1829; Cyrus H. Conant, 
1830; Otis Carter, 1831-32; Henry Roby, 1833 ; John P. Lowell, 
1834; Haskell Peirce, 1835; Walker Braokett, 1836; John P. 
Lowell, 1837; Wentworth Stuart, 1838-39; Edward Stanley, 
1840-41; Sumner Burnham, 1842; Edward Stanley, 1843-44; 
Reuben Ingalls, 1845 ; Worthy C. Burrows, 1846 ; George F. Fos- 
ter, 1847; Wentworth Stuart, 1848; SftinucI S.Stanley, 1.849-52; 



318 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTy, MAINE. 



David Mayberry, 1853 ; Bani Burnhara, 1854; Daniel Mayberry, 
1855; Bani Burnhara, 1856; Nathan Potter, Keuben Hobbs, to 
fill vacancy, 1857; Reuben Hobbs, 1858; William Twonibly, 
185'J; Charles E. Stuart, 1800; Levi Burnham, 1861; Charles 
E. Stuart, 1862-68; Charles T. Thouies, 18CU; Charles Themes, 
Reuben Ilobbs, vacancy, 1870; Reuben Hobbs, 1871 ; Levi Burn- 
hara, 1872; Caleb A. Chaplin. Reuben Hobbs, cons., 1873; Reu- 
ben Hobbs, 1874; G. W. Newcomb, 1875-76; Frcunian J. Dunn, 
1877; Reuben Hobbs, 1878; G. W. Newcomb, 187'J. 

SCHOOLS. 
The first scliool-house in Harrison was built on the sum- 
mit, between Harmon's and Scribncr's ; a second was built 
near Jacob Emerson's, and on the organization of the town 
there were six districts. It was then voted that " each dis- 
trict build their own school-house." Benjamin Totford 
taught school in the Woodsum district in 1805. There was 
but $100 a year appropriated for schools previous to 1814. 
Many of the prominent citizens who were then boys learned 
to write upon birch-bark, by the flickering light of an open 
fireplace. In 1878 the town conipn.sed 9 districts, one of 
which was a joint district with the town of Otisfield, and 
held school property valued at $5000, with a population 
of 328 school children, of whom 2(50 were registered as at- 
tending school. There was $1000 raised by tax for the 
support of schools in 1878, and $568 from other sources. 
Supervisors of schools for 1879, Dr. S. L. Weston, H. H. 
Cook, Alphonzo Moulton. 

CHUKCHKS. 
FREE-WILL BAPTIST. 

The first Free-Will Baptist meetings in this town wore held 
by Rev. Clement Phinney, of Gorham, who preached in 
dwellings and barns. The first church was organized at 
the barn of Shepard Hawk, June 3, 1826, by Elders 
Jonathan Clay, Andrew Hobson, Zachariah Jordan, and 
Elder Clement Phinney, of Harrison. Among the original 
members were Rev. Clement and Sarah Phinney, Samuel, 
Phcebe, and Abigail Lewis, Seth and Harriet Carsley, 
Benjamin Rich, Charles Walker, Jr., Rebecca Newcomb, 
Polly Gray, Betsey Fernald, and Betsey Springer. Charles 
Walker, Jr., was chosen clerk. He was succeeded by 
Worthy C. Barrows, in 1844: Wm. Libby, 1848; David 
Libby, 1849 ; Franklin Walker, 1851 ; John Dawes, 
1853; and Charles L. Walker, in 1875. The deacons 
have been Edward Bray, Seth Carsley, Charles Walker, 
Jr., Elijah Scribnor, Asa P. Whitney, and Edward K. 
Whitney, present deacon. The first church was built 
in the centre of the town, in 1836, by Edward Bray 
and John Dawes, committee, and dedicated September 
15th of that year by Elder John Stevens, of Liming- 
ton. The pastors have been Elders Clement Phinney, 
Joseph Phinney, Ebenezer G. Eaton, George W. Whit- 
ney, Austin Wheeler, Stephen Hutchinson, David Libby, 
E. H. Hart, Orrin Bartlett, George W. Howe, and L. 
W. Raymond. A second church was erected at Har- 
rison village, in 1871, at a cost of $5500, and dedicated by 
Prof. B. F. Hayes, of Bates College, Feb. 1, 1872. A 
legal corporation was organized in 1871, under a board of 
trustees, the majority of whom are members of the church. 
Samuel N. Dawes, Franklin Walker, and Samuel Gray 
were building committee. There have been 325 members, 



of whom 95 are now in good standing. Present officers : 
Rev. L. W. Raymond, Pastor ; Charles L. Walker, Clerk 
and Treasurer ; Caleb A. Chaplin, Charles L. Walker, 
Theodore Ingalls, Marshall Thomes. and George H. Cum- 
mings. Trustees. 

The members of the Baptist Church residing in Har- 
rison withdrew from the Bridgton church, and met in 
council at the hou.se of Samuel Scribner, March 20, 1827, 
organized a church, ordained Ebenezer Bisbee deacon, and 
elected Nathaniel Burnam clerk. Among the 12 mem- 
bers were Edward Lowell and wife, Sarah Buckner, Mrs. 
Abraham and Mrs. Nathaniel Burnham. The church was 
joined to the Oxford Association in 1829, and a meeting- 
house, the first in the town, was erected at Harmon Cor- 
ners for the joint u.se of the Baptist and Congregational 
Churches. This building was removed to Harrison village, 
and rebuilt, in 1879. 

There have been 130 members, 27 of whom are now 
living, in the society. The pastors have been Revs. Jacob 
Bray, John Haines, Nathaniel Chase, Ephraim Harlow, 
Reuben Milner, Wm. 0. Grant, R. C. Starr ; and since 
1838: L. Burnham, 1843; D. Lowell, 1845-50; Rev. 
A. Snyder, to 1859; Dr. H. C. Estes, Andrew Hopper, 
1878. Deacons: Ebenezer Bisbee, 1827; Edward Lowell, 
Reuben Burnham, 1828; Alanson Cary, 1836; David 
Jewell, 1839; Wm. P. Harmon, 1839; Philander Tol- 
man, 1869; Samuel Abbott, 1874. Present clerk. Philan- 
der Tolman. Deacon David Jewell was ordained as min- 
ister, May 3, 1849. 

The South Harrison Christian Church was organized at 
the Methodist meeting-house. May 15, 1870, by Rev. 
Gideon T. Ridlon. John Johnson was made deacon, and 
Ezekiel Lakin clerk. Among the first members were 
Charles W. Foster and wife, David Fogg and wife, George 
Lewis and wife, Daniel Thompson, Edmund Carsley, Nancy 
Emerson. Twenty were baptized on the day of organiza- 
tion. Rev. J. M. Hodgdon was made pastor. A church 
was erected by Edward Carsley, Thomas Lakin, and Clark 
Lewis, trustees, and dedicated by Rev. G. T. Ridlon, Jan. 
4, 1871. Zebulon Knight became pastor in 1874, G. T. 
Ridlon in 1875. Present membership is 33. 

CONGREGATIONAL. 

The Congregationalist Church of Harrison was organized 
Feb. 15, 1826, at the house of Oliver Peirce. The council 
consisted of Rev. Josiah Merrill, Deacon Simeon Lovell, 
Dr. Silas Blake, of Otisfield ; Rev. Joseph Walker, of 
Paris; William Warren, of Waterford. Among the first 
members were James H. Chadbourne, Edward Stanley, 
Oliver Peirce, Esq., and Philip Eastman. These members 
have long since pas.sed away. Mr. Marquis O. Caswell 
united with this church Sept. 9, 1832, and is now living 
its oldest member, at the advanced age of eighty-eight years. 
The first meeting-house in the town was built by the Con- 
gregationalists and Baptists, at Harmon's Corners, in 1827. 
It was occupied but a short time by this church. The 
house in the village of Harrison was erected by Ezra Cary, 
George Peirce, and Henry Roby, committee, in 1826, and 
dedicated Dec. 29, 1836, by Rev. James P. Richardson, 
who was inst;illed pastor of Harrison and Otisfield, Oct. 22, 



TOWN OF HARRISON. 



319 



1833, and continued to July, 1837 ; previously there had 
been no stated preaching. Rev. Joseph Searl was installed 
July, 1837, died Dec. 3, 1841 ; Rev. Cyril Pearl, installed 
January, 1843, dismissed September, 1846; Rev. A. P. 
Chute, installed February, 1847, dismissed Auu;u.st, 1849 ; 
Rev. Charles Packard, installed February, 1850, dismissed 
December, 1852 ; Rev. John Dodd, acting pastor, 1854-58 ; 
E. S. Palmer, 1858-62; Rev. Thomas B. Ellis, 1861-62; 
Rev. Earnest F. Bouchers, installed January, 1869, dis- 
missed October, 1871 ; Rev. Nehemiah Lincoln, present 
pastor, installed May 15, 1872. Deacons: James H. Chad- 
bourne, p]dward Stanley, Amos P. Foster, George Peirce, 
Horace Record. Clerks of the Church : James H. Chad- 
bourne, Luther Rogers, Philip Eastman, Simeon Chad- 
bourne, A. P. Chute, Charles Packard, John Dodd, George 
Peirce, H. L. Sampson. Present membership, 50. Present 
officers: George Peirce, Horace Record, Deacons; H. L. 
Sampson, Clerk. 



ASSOCIATIONS. 



METHODIST EPISCOPAL. 

The Methodist Pjpiscopal Society of Harrison was organ- 
ized in 1832. Among the first members were E. T. Ingalls 
and wife, Solomon Libby and wife, Jacob Senter and wife, 
Benjamin Green, Benjamin Foster, Amos Thouies and wife, 
Stephen Ingalls, Moses Fogg and wife, Benjamin Chaplin 
and wife. A meeting-house was erected in South Harrison 
in 1835, and dedicated in November of that year by Rev. 
Mr. Greenalth. The pastors have been Revs. Isaac W. 

Moore, George Strout, I. W. Moore, ■ Farrington, M. 

White, Gay, T. B. Chase, John Fairbanks, 

Gerry, D. Wittenback, L. B. Green, and Alpheus B. Love- 
well. First and present class-leader, Ezra T. Ingalls. 
Present trustees, E. T. Ingalls, Henry L. Buck, T. M. 
Green. Pastor, Rev. Mr. Pease. 

LAWYERS. 

The lawyers have been Chas. Washburn, Thomas, 

Philip Eastman, 1843-46 ; Harrison, Silas Blake, 

Almon A. Strout, Caleb A. Chaplin, Silas Bullard, 0. G. 
Cook, 1861-79, clerk of County Court, 1855-61. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Thomas J. Carter, 1833 ; Conant, Rodgers, 

John E. Dunnells, Silas Blake, 1810-44 ; D. 0. S. Lowell, 

1877; Kimball, Dunn, Warren Pease, 1851 ; 

H. H. Cole, Elmer Gray, and S. L. Weston, 1859-79. 



PATHONS OF HUSBANDRY. 

Crool-fd River Grange, No. 32, organized August, 1875. 
David Frost, Master ; F. J. Sawyer, Overseer ; S. L. Wes- 
ton, Sec.; John Lombard, Treas. ; Miss M. Andrews, 
Ceres. A supply store was opened at Bolster's Mills, by 
I. S. Skiilings, the .same year. Officers 1879: W. W. 
Andrews, Master; 0. V. Edwards, Overseer; George 
Green, Sec. ; William Chute, Treas. ; Mrs. M. E. Wiglit, 
Ceres. 

Lakeside Grange, No. 63, Harrison village, organized 
Dec. 3, 1874. George H. Cumniings, Master; Charles 
H. Lakin, Overseer ; Alphonzo Moulton, Sec. ; Marshall 
Thomes, Treas. ; Mrs. Etta Thomos, Ceres. A store was 
opened, with Edward Bray storekeeper. Officers for 1879 : 
Alphonzo Moulton, Master ; Howard Thompson, Overseer ; 
Nathaniel H. Seavey, Sec. ; Edward Bray, Treas. ; Mrs. Etta 
Moulton, Ceres. 

I. 0. OP 0. p. 

A lodge of Odd-Fellows was instituted at Harrison, in 
1850, having 55 members, and obtaining a fund of S303. 
The lodge surrendered its charter in 1859, after having 
expended .S582 for relief. 

MILITARY. 
SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 

Nicholas Bray, served in the army seven years ; came to 
Harrison in 1797 ; died 1843. 

Capt. John Brackett, died 1844, and buried at Bolster's 
Mills. 

James Watson, born in Gorham Fort, Aug. 3, 1761 ; 
served through the war, and settled in Harrison. 

Moses Whitney, a man noted for his strength and courage, 
settled in Harrison after the war ; died in 1820, aged eighty- 
one. 

Simeon Caswell, born in Taunton, Mass., 1763; died Oct. 
21, 1844. 

Daniel Jumper, enlisted in Gloucester, Mass. ; died in 
Harrison, in 1841, aged seventy-eight. 

SOLDIERS OF 1812. 
Deacon Edward Bray, Joshua Howard, Capt. John 
Brackett, Enoch Brackett, Solomon Stuart, Liberius Cas- 
well, Jacob Senter, John Skiilings, Merrill Holden. Daniel 
Barker, William Brackett, Seth Carsley, Benjamin Sanborn. 



NAPLES. 



GENERAL DESCRirTION. 

The town of Naples consists mainly of high land, nearly 
all of which is adapted to cultivation or grazing. It is 
divided by Brandy and Long Ponds, extending nearly its 
entire length, and from one half to two miles in width. 
At Naples village, near its centre, a narrow drawbridge 
spans the outlet of Long Pond. Peabody and Holt's Ponds 
on the western border are small lakes fed by spring streams, 
and emptying into Sebago Lake. Trickey Pond is fed by 
a spring of pure water. 

The town was incorporated Feb. 28, 1834, and was 
formed from those parts of Otisfield and Raymond south- 
west of Crooked and Songo Rivers, extending to the mouth 
of Muddy River, and including 1000 acres not before 
incorporated in any town ; 5 tiers of lots in Sebago to 
Peabody Pond ; 4 tiers of lots from the southeast part 
of Rridgton, on Long Pond; and 11 tiers of lots from 
Harrison, between Long Pond and Crooked River. That 
part west from lot 94 to the mouth of Muddy River was 
annexed from Sebago in 1851. 

EAPvLY SETTLEMENT. 

George Peircc, of Groton, Mass., the first settler of Na- 
ples, was born Feb. 13, 1735. The proprietors of the 
original town of Otisfield set aside lot (55, at Edes' Falls, 
Feb. 17, 1774, for the u.se of a mill to be erected as an en- 
couragement to .settlers. Mr. Peirce agreed to build a saw- 
mill by November, 1774, and a grist-mill by November, 
1775, for whicli he was to have £50 on completion of the 
first mill, and £20 on completion of the second, and the use 
of the proprietors' boat for ten years, with the mill lot, until 
the town was incorporated. In 1797 he was chairman of 
the committee to procure the incorporation of the town, and 
was the only man in Otisfield who owned two horses. ■ His 
mill was swept away previous to 1795. but afterwards re- 
built. His daughter, Betsey, was born at Edes' Falls, Oct. 
3, 1781, and was the first white child born in the town. 
Mr. Peirce wa.s an extensive lumberman and successful 
physician. 

Mr. Elcazer Bartlett came from Groton, Ma.ss., with his 
two sons, Isaac and John, in 1779, and made the first open- 
ing in the dense forest between Crooked River and Long 
Pond. The place half a mile west of Edes' Falls is known 
as Bartlett's Corner. Isaac, who was then seventeen years 
old, died in 1839, leaving but one of his family of twelve, 
Eleazer Bartlett, who is now seventy years of age. During 
the first forty-five years there was no other occupant of the 
land between the pond and the river, save two seasons, when 
a Mr. Hobbs and Mr. Foster attempted a clearing north of 
them, and then abandoned it. The next settlers chose that 
part lying from Naples bridge to the southwest along the 
320 



shore of Brandy Pond. When, in 1791, Ralph Jackson 
moved up the lakes from Portland, he found Joseph March, 
Sr., living in a cabin half a mile from the present village 
between the road, since built, and the pond. He had a 
small tannery near the pond, where he dressed skins ob- 
tained from the settlements above. A horse propelled a 
stone around in a circle to crush his bark for tanning, and 
black for coloring the leather he obtained from a lamp-black 
kiln near by. Mr. Jackson settled farther east, near the 
creek, where his son William was born, in 1792, and John, 
a younger son, who occupies the homestead, was born in 
1798. 

Nathan Gerry and Elliot Staples built the first inn near 
the Church place, and Mr. Gerry entertained travelers along 
the lake, which was a much frequented route between Port- 
land and the earlier settlement in Bridgton before 1790, and 
until the opening of the " Pear.soutown road" some years 
after. In 1816, John Chute purchased the inn, and opened 
the Elm House, wliich nine years later became one of the 
pioneer temperance houses of Maine. The old hotel was 
burned in 1822, and after three weeks of energetic building 
re-occupied, to be burned again in 187G. Solomon Lamb 
settled west of Naples in 1809; David Proctor on the E. 
Proctor place, near Crooked River, in 1813. In 1815, 
Nathaniel Knight, father of Major W. and Harrison 0. 
Knight, moved from Windham to the east side of Long 
Pond near Church's. 

The first building in Naples village was the school-house, 
built in 1822, near the steamboat landing. Back on the 
hill towards Mr. Lamb's a small clearing was made the next 
year by Thomas Stevens, and a store was opened soon after 
by Benjamin Goodridge, under the management of Joshua 
Chadbourne, who boarded with Mr. Stevens. All else was 
woods. Enoch Gammon, a lumberman, kept goods previ- 
ously, for the accommodation of his hands, in his house near 
" Mast Cove," north of Naples on Long Pond, so called from 
being the point where large numbers of masts were rafted. 
The post-oflice was opened under the name of South Otis- 
field, June 21, 1828, with Abraham W. Chute post- 
master. His first quarterly report was for the sum of 37 J 
cents. 

Dr. J. Andrew Chute, a brother of the postmaster, 
opened a store at the west end of the bridge, where a land- 
ing was built in 1831. He sold to his brother and William 
Winsor in 1834, and entered the missionary service among 
the Ottawa, Chippewa, and Clierokee Indians, dying in 
that service while in Missouri, in 1838. 

The extensive Leavitt settlement west of Naples was 
made by Dr. Joshua Leavitt and his two sons, Joseph and 
Josiah, about the year 1800. Upon the hill beyond them 
to the west, Jeremiah King, David Sanborn, and William 



TOWN OF NAPLES. 



321 



West were early settlers. Francis, father of S. G. Kim- 
ball, was engaged in lumbering in that part of the town for 
some years, thus giving his name to Kimball's Corner. 
Jefferson Bray made potash at the foot of Long Pond until 
1835. In 1839, Nathan Church became proprietor of the 
old inn, transmitting it at his death to his son, Nathan A. 
Church. 

By a skillful piece of engineering Benjamin Mitchell, 
an early lumberman, constructed a dam across the outlet 
of Trickey Pond, causing it to back water into a new outlet, 
where he constructed his mills, at the opposite end of the 
pond. 

John Chaplin, a native of Massachusetts, settled in the 
northwest part of Naples, then Bridgton, in 1789, on land 
occupied by his son, Washington Chaplin, who was born 
there in 1795. A Mr. Decker, his only neighbor when he 
came, lived on the S. F. Perley farm. Mr. Chaplin built a 
saw-mill in 1799 on the pond near his residence. In 1791 
he sold 40 acres to William Daniels. 

BURYING-GROUNDS. 

In 1849 the town fenced the original part of the ceme- 
tery donated them by Benjamin Goodrich. 

Enoch Gammon and James Sanborn, Esq., who died 
in 1844, Rev. Nathaniel Stone, the pioneer preacher, in 
1846, Col. Thomas Eads in 1847, and Samuel Pitts and 
Capt. Melzor Lawrence in 1849, had already been buried 
on the beautiful knoll granted in the north part of the 
village, overlooking the lake. Nathaniel Walker was made 
superintendent, and in 1852 the grounds were regularly 
laid out. They have since been well kept. The Goodrich 
family monument covers the remains of the liberal donor. 

A half-mile beyond the cemetery stands the brick house 
erected by George Peirce, Esq., in 1800. In a field near 
by many of the early dead were buried ; then the ground 
abandoned for the new one, and the old neglected ground 
finally plowed and planted some years ago. Near the Elm 
House a burying-ground, long forgotten, was discovered 
while building the barns. Joe Marsh, son of the first set- 
tler, John Davis, Jr., and some others were buried there. 
A later ground was regularly laid out near Mr. Church's, 
and members of the Hoyt, Winsor, and Chute families 
buried there. This is the resting-place of John Chute, the 
pioneer innkeeper, who died in 1857 at the age of ninety 
years, and the young missionary. Dr. J. A. Chute. An- 
other, half a mile up the lake, contains several soldiers of 
the war of 18(Jl-65, who died in the service. The Leavitt 
family burying-ground contains the early pioneers of that 
family. The Jackson family ground is honored with the 
name of Robert H. Jackson, a fallen soldier of Company 
C, 30th Maine Volunteers. There are three other private 
yards in the east part of the town, one in the north, and 
at Edes' Falls a large and well-kept cemetery, opened in 
1872, to which mjny of the early dead have been removed 
from the unprotected private grounds. 

The stranger who visits Naples by water finds himself 
suddenly confronting a low, narrow drawbridge, half hidden 
by the trees which surround the channel below. The first 
bridge across this neck went off np stream in a sudden 
freshet, which backed the water from the Songo River into 
41 



the lakes above. The cleared field on the right, just passed, 
is the old parade-ground of the first militia. Far off to the 
north, across the bridge, Crooked Pond extends among the 
sloping hills which rise gently to a hundred feet on either 
side, covered with pine, elm, maple, and poplar, which has 
grown since the lumberman harvested the primitive forest 
and sent it floating down the lakes. The shores are dotted 
with an occasional large farm-house, which in the distance 
become mere specks of white. Broken hills of bluer hue 
rise behind each other in the distance, until the sharp white 
lines of eternal winter point out Mount Washington, the 
highest and most distant point. A large tree .spreads its 
branches where the store of the young missionary stood, in 
1831, between the road and the lake. Above the old 
parade-ground, the large, spreading elm in front of the new 
hotel marks the spot where John Chute entertained with 
temperate cheer the sires whose memory wc delight to 
honor. 

To the left, beside the little bay, the business part of the 
village of Naples extends a quarter of a mile in a cluster 
of many-colored buildings, the most prominent of which 
are the large white residence of William Wentworth, the 
Congregational church, the brick town-house, and the yellow 
residence of Mr. H. 0. Knight near the wharf; then scat- 
ters off in dwellings a quarter of a mile up and down the 
main street. The nearest building, a blacksmith-shop, low 
down by the water, marks the site of the first store in the 
town. On the bare knoll over which the road leads from 
the wharf, in the rear of the old store of Washington 
Bray, stood the old school-house, where Oliver Dole taught 
the first school in 1822, and Abraham W. Chute was 
elected town clerk and Benjamin Goodridge selectman, 
in 1834. Below the village are the large buildings of the 
Portland Packing Company, established in 1872, and ex- 
empted by town law from taxation for ten years. On the 
point above, overlooking the lake and village, the town 
cemetery spreads its marble columns in front of a group of 
fine residences and farm-buildings. The brick town-house 
was erected in 1838 by Thomas Perley, Benjamin Good- 
rich, and Enoch Gammon, on an acre of land purchased 
for that purpose. It was made free for all religious meet- 
ings in 1846, and used until the erection of the cliurchcs 
in 1858. In 1871 a town hoarse was purchased, and a 
building erected on the town lot for its keeping. A brick 
session-room has also been constructed for the use of the 
town officers. The village contains besides some forty 
fine residences, two churches, a school-house, five stores, 
carriage-, cooper-, and two smith-shops. Grange Hall, wharf 
warerooms, hotel, and clothing manufactory. Mails are 
received daily by stage each way from Bridgton and Harri- 
son. David H. Cole, postmaster. A brass band was organ- 
ized May 9, 1878, under the leadership of Mr. Freelon 
Walker, a veteran soldier of the 25th Maine Infantry. 

EDES' FALLS. 
The first settlement at this place, and the first in the 
town of Naples, was made by George Peirce, who built his 
cabin on the right bank of the river a hundred yards below 
the bridge. He constructed a mill near by, of which a 
portion of the dam still remains. In 1837, Col. Thomas 



322 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Edes, father of Thos. E. Edes, of Naples, and Wilkinson 
Edes, now of Portland, built a saw- and grist-mill at the 
Falls, and engaged in lumbering. Emery Edes, another 
brother, opened a store at the same time. Wilkinson Edes 
was made first postmaster of the Edes' Falls post-office. 
Joseph Hall built a wool-carding mill for custom work 
about 1832, which continued in operation some ten years 
after. The present mills, on the left bank of the river, 
were built by S. A. Whittier, in 1854, and comprise a kit- 
factory and saw-mill. Hon. Robert Edes purchased the 
mills in 1874. In 18G2 he started the manufactory of 
clothing, which now furnishes employn)ent to 150 opera- 
tives. The mills built by Wilkinson Edes, and burned in 
1859, have been replaced by a saw-mill built and still oper- 
ated by Richard L. Green. Robert Edes is the only mer- 
chant, and also postmaster. Mails are by w.iy of Oxford, 
tri- weekly. Edes' Falls is a compact hamlet of 175 inhab- 
itants, whose homes are grouped around the mills in a deep, 
narrow valley, formed at a bend in Crooked River, upon its 
left bank. 

ERECTION OP THE TOWN. 

Of the (35 petitioners for the new town, 2G were inhabi- 
tants of Otisfield, 14 of Harrison, 18 of Sebago, 5 of Ray- 
mond, and 2 of Bridgton. The petition was based upon 
the great distance of the petitioners from the business and 
political centres of their several towns. 

The first town election was held at the school house, near 
the foot of Long Pond, April 1, 1834. John Chute was 
chosen Moderator, and sworn by James Sanborn, Esq. 
Abraham W. Chute was elected Town Clerk ; Jefferson Bray, 
Samuel Leach, and Benjamin Goodridge, Selectmen and 
Asses.sors ; James Sanborn, Treasurer ; Thomas J. Carter, 
Constable ; Thomas Chute, Thomas J. Carter, Superintend- 
ing School Committee ; and Thomas Perley, Town Agent. 
April 19th a special meeting was held, and the coUectorship 
put up at vendue. It was awarded to James Sanborn. 
Through some mismanagement, Naples was left without a 
voice in the election of a representative to the State Legis- 
lature from its organization until 1811. 

CIVIL LIST. 

SELECTMEN. 
1834—35. — Jefferson Bray, Samuel Leach, Benjamin Goodri<Jge. 
1836. — Jefferson Bray, Benjamin Goodridge, Daniel D. Kuggles. 
1837.— Jefferson Bruy, William B. Wendsor, Washington Chaplin. 
1838-39. — Jefferson Bray, Samuel Leach, Washington Chaplin. 
1840-11. — Washington Chaplin, Benjamin Goodridge, Samuel F. 

Perley. 
1842-43.— James Sanborn, John G. Cannell, Samuel Leach. 
1844. — Benjamin Goodridge, Samuel F. Perley, Samuel Leach, 
1845.— Washington Bray, James P. Hall, Albert Gray. 
1846-48.— Washington Bray, Albert Gray, Samuel Lc.ich. 
1849.— Washington Bray, Samuel F. Perley, Ambrose F. Wright. 
1850. — Washington Bray, Samuel F. Perley, Albert Gray. 
1851. — Benjamin Goodridge, John P. Davis, John Symmcs. 
1852. — Jefferson Bray, Kmery Edes, John K. Chaplin. 
1853. — Jefferson Bray, Washington Bray, Albert Gray. 
1854.— John P. Davis, Samuel F. Perley, William Larah. 
1855. — John P. Davis, Samuel F. Perley, Augustine Chaplin, 
1856.— Albert Gray, James P. Hall, Major W. Knight. 
1857.— John P. Davis, Samuel F. Perky, Richard J. Chaplin. 
1858.— Washington Bray, Daniel Kichardson, Charles H. Moody. 
1859.— Washington Chnplin, John (i. Cannell, Daniel C. Smith. 
1800.— Washington Bray, Albert Gray, Daniel C. Smith. 



1861-62. — Washington Br.ay, Zebulon Jackson, George W. Hall. 
1S63,— Washington Bray, John G, Cannell, William H, Moody. 
1861-65.— Washington Bray, John G. Cannell, Richard S. Chaplin. 
1866. — Washington Bray, Robert Eads, Zebulon Jackson. 
1867. — Washington Bray, Samuel F. Perley, Zebulon Jackson. 
1868. — Washington Bray, Zebulon Jackson, John G. Cannell. 
1860. — Zebulon Jackson, John G. Cannell, Daniel Richardson. 
1870. — Washington Bray, Robert Eads, Enoch Gammon. 
1871. — Zebulon Jackson, Levi Cannell, Arthur Gray. 
1872-75.— Washington Bray, Charles H. Young, John C. Wight. 
1876.— Charles H. Young, Philip 0. Cannell, Enoch Gammon. 
1S77. — Philip 0. Cannell, Daniel Richardson, Enoch Gammon. 
1878.— Chas. H. Young, Daniel Richardson, Washington Chaplin, Jr. 
1879,— Daniel Richardson, Charles Choate, Philip 0. Cannell, 

TOWN CLERKS. 
Abraham W. Chute, 1834-35; James Sanborn, 1836-38; William B. 
Winsor, 1839-40 ; A. W. Chute, 1841 ; James Sanborn. 1842-43; 
A. W. Chute, 1844-45 ; AVashington Bray, 1846-48 ; Asa Warren, 
1849 ; Washington Bray, 1 850 ; John P. Davis, 1851 ; Asa Warren, 
1852-55; Benjamin F. AVentworth, 1856; John A. Bodge, 1857; 
Benjamin F. Wentworth, 1858; Zebulon Jackson, 1859-60; Robert 
Edes, 1861-74; Philip 0. Cannell, 1875-79. 

TREASURERS. 

James Sanborn, 1834-43 ; AVilliam B. AVinsor, 1844 ; AVashington Bray, 
1845-47; A. M. Thomes, 1847-48; AA^ashington Bray, 1849-50; 
Eben Choate, 1851; AVashington Bray, 1852-53; John Lamb, 
1854-55; Ansel Gray, 1856; Asa AVarren, 1857; Richard L. 
Green, 1858; Benjamin F. AVentworth, 1859-05; Harrison 0. 
Knight, 1866; Benjamin F. AVentworth, 1867; Benjamin F. 
AVentworth, Daniel Richardson, 186S; Benjamin F. Wentworth, 
1869; Enoch Gammon, 1870; AVashington Bray, 1871-76; Ben- 
jamin F. AVentworth, 1877 ; Harrison 0. Knight, 1878-79. 

COLLECTORS. 

James Sanborn, Thos. J. Carter, constable, 1834; David D. Ruggles, 
1835-36 ; John G. Cannell, 1837-38 ; James Sanborn, 1839 ; Jary 
Green, 1840-41 ; James Sanborn, Daniel D. Ruggles, cons., 1842; 
James Sanborn, Daniel D. Ruggles, cons., 1843; Jary Green, 
1844-45; Jary Green, Joseph Martin, cons., 1846; Benjauiin 
Goodridge, 1847 ; Jefferson Bray, 1848-49 ; Thomas Chute, 1850- 
51 ; Daniel K. Barker, 1852-53; AVashington Bray, 1854; Charles 
Goodridge, 1855; Hermon Wight, 1856; John AV. Noble, 1857; 
H. 0. Knight, to fill vacancy, 1857: Timothy M. Green, 1858; 
Augustine Chaplin, 1859; Timothy M. Green, ISfiO; Daniel 
Richardson, 1861 ; John R. Chaplin, 1862; Daniel Richardson, 
186.'i-64; Daniel Richardson, John Church, cons., 1864 ; Daniel 
Richardson, 1865-67; Orriu Douglass, 1868; Daniel Richardson, 
1869-70; Jary Green, 1871-75; Daniel Richardson, 1876-79. 

CHURCHES. 
FREE AVILL BAPTIST. 

Meetings were held by Rev. Jonathan Tracy at the Lea- 
vitt school-house in 1832, and by Rev. Mr. Eaton and Bcv. 
Darling Huntrees in the school-houses and barns, until the 
erection of the town-house, when that was opened for ineet^ 
ings. Rev. Oliver W. Smith organized a church at Naples 
village, Oct. 17, 1857. Nathan Walker and Robert Mc- 
Kenney were ordained deacons. Davis L. Ingalls was 
chosen clerk. Blrs. Catharine Walker, Mrs. McKenney, 
Mrs. Lydia A. Ingalls, and John Archibald were members. 
Elder John Pinkham was pastor from 1858 to 1860, Rev. 
James Austin in 18ti5, and Rev. II. F, Snow from 1873 
to 1876, Present membership, 27. Charles Mayberry is 
clerk, Nathan Walker and Hezckiah B. Crockett, deacons. 

The church building was erected by a union committee 
of three churches, for which George Ji»ck.son and John 
Archibald were appointed trustees, and Seth Walker trcas- 





^^ yj^ia-y 



His great-grandfather came from England in an early day, and 
settled in Cape Ann, Mass. He was a prominent physician and a 
descendant of Bishop Bray, of London, England. Washington Bray's 
grandfather, Ebenezer Bray, was born in Cape Ann. When about 
twenty-three years of age he married a Miss Bennett, moved to 
Maine, and settled in Minot about the year 1728. His death took 
place A.D. 1803. He had received a good education, and taught both 
public and private schools. His wife came from an influential and 
respectable family. Washington Bray's father, Wm. B. Bray, was 
born in Minot, a.d. 1775. March 6, 1796, he married Ruth, daughter 
of Isaac Cushman, of Hebron, Me. In ISll he moved to Turner, 
where he died, July, 1817. He was by occupation a merchant. At 
the time of the war of 1812 he commanded a company of cavalry, 
and was buried with military honors. Of his five sons and five 
daughters all but one grew to manhood and womanhood, and lived 
to have families. 

Washington Bray, next to the youngest of this family, was born 
Sept. 13, 1814. When he was three years old his father was killed in 
a saw-mill, and in his seventh year his mother died. Bereft of his 
parents thus early in life, and thrown upon the cold charity of a heai't- 
less world, he fought the battle of life, unaided, to manhood without 
a stain upon his character. His conduct was directed by reason, re- 
ligion, and a moral sense of duty. After the death of his parents he 
remained in Turner, working for his board at various places. He 
attended school during the winter when he could be spared from 
work. Owing to his limited advantages, he was deprived of many of 
the benefits of even a common-school education. He earned his first 
pair of shoes by picking up apples at eight cents per day. About 
1830 he was bound out to learn the tanner and currier's trade. He 
was allowed two meals a day, and slept in the barn. He very natu- 
rally became discontented with this treatment, and, after remaining 
about four months, ran away j was lost in the woods, and stayed out 
two nights before finding his way to his sister's. His employer dis- 
covered his whereabouts, and, taking him back, improved his condi- 
tion. He remained here until 1833. He was then employed by his 
brother William in driving a freight team to and from Portland. In 
1835 he went to Naples and entered his brother Jefferson's store. 
Soon after this date he was taken into the firm. About 1840 he 
started in business for himself in the same store, and laid the founda- 
tion for his future prosperity. His business increased, and in a short 
time he was able to engage quite extensively in lumbering. With his 
store, lumbering, and farm work his time was fully occupied, and by 
his fair and honorable dealing he gained the good-will and esteem of 
his townsmen, who were ever ready to show their confidence by be- 
stowing upon him positions of trust and honor. 

In 1846 he married Catherine, daughter of Mark Jordan, of Casco. 
He continued in business at Naples until 1855, when he was taken 
with the western fever, sold all his property in Maine, and moved to 
Depere, Wis., where he lived a short time, and then went to Oshkosh. 
There he entered into partnership with his brother .lefl'erson in the 



lumbering business. The climate not agreeing with him, he returned 
to Maine in 1857. He repurchased his former property at Naples, 
and again went into business. In 18()0-61 he erected a substantial 
brick house and outbuildings on his farm, and settled down, feeling 
th£it his native State was the place most desirable for his home. 
When the war of the Rebellion broke out he was serving as chair- 
man of the board of selectmen, and took a very active part in every- 
thing pertaining to the interests of the town. He was indefatigable 
in his eflbrts to have the town's quota of men promptly filled. It was 
mainly through his management that at the close of the war the 
financial condition of the town was so flourishing. There was no 
heavy debt hanging over it to crush the inhabitants with ta.xes. 
About 1870 he began to curtail his business. In 1874 he sold out his 
stock of goods to Hall k Caunell, and devoted himself to settling up 
his business and enjoying the product of his years of toil by sur- 
rounding himself and family with every comfort and convenience. 
He represented his town in the Legislature in 1851, and again in 
1874. He was first selectman for twenty-three years, acting eleven 
years in succession. He was town treasurer seven years, besides 
holding many minor offices. So great was the confidence of his 
townsmen in his ability, integrity, and honesty of purpose, that dur- 
ing all the years that he served in an official capacity he was the 
un'animous choice of the people, always promptly discharging his 
various duties with impartial justice, and adjusting matters of ini- 
portance with much caution. In assuming the responsibilities of his 
oflice he took an earnest, active interest in the progress and prosperity 
of his town. 

On May 6, 1876, he was taken sick with pneumonia. He did not 
realize the severity of his illness until his old friend. Dr. Tewksbury, 
informed him that he was in great danger and. possibly, might not 
recover. He made this answer, — " I would like to slay a little while 
longer, but if it's God's will, I must submit." Although everything 
was'done that skill and anxious care could suggest, nothing was of 
any avail, and he passed away. May 13, 1876. surrounded by his sor- 
rowing familv and friends. 

In his religious views he was a firm believer in the universal salva- 
tion of mankind, and he died as he had lived, with full confidence in 
God's never-ending care of his children. He leaves a widow and one 
son. Dr. Charles W. Bray, of Portland, who is in company with Dr. 
Tewksbury. By the death of Washington Bray the poor lost a valu- 
able and sympathizing friend. He never turned a deaf ear to any 
one in trouble, and his charities to the needy were without limit. He 
was one among the few who do not " let the left hand know what the 
right hand doeth." He possessed an inquiring mind, was a great 
reader, and consequently acquired a large amount of useful informa- 
tion. His good qualities were best known to those who knew him 
most intimately. All through his public as well as private life ho 
has left examples of industry, integrity, economy, and honesty, the 
memory of which will grow brighter and brighter as generation fol- 
lows generation. 





Benjamin Goodridge:. 



Hannah Goodrid&l. 




Residence or THF.LATL BENJAMIN GOODRIDGE, Naples, ME. 



TOWN OF NAPLES. 



323 



urer, to represent this society. The church was dedicated 
Jan. 26, 1858, by Kev. Joseph Pleasenton, Congregation- 
alist, and Rev. W. P. Merrill, Baptist ministers. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

The church at Naples was originally a class of the South 
Harrison Church. John Hill and T. J. Carter were most 
prominent as early members. Benjamin Hill was made 
class-leader in 1852. A meeting-house was erected during 
the pastorate of Rev. Sargent Gray, by James Clark, 
Thomas E. Kdes, and J. M. Green, trustees, and dedicated 
by Rev. Daniel B. Randall, in January, 1858. The pas- 
tors have been Rev. S. W. Pearce, Jonathan Fairbanks, 
184G-49; S. Ranks, 1852; Sargent Gray, 1857-58; F. 
B. Farrington, 1860 ; Solomon B. Gerry, 1861 ; Gershom 
F. Cobb, 1862-63; George W. Ballou, 1864-65; John 
Cobb, 1866-G8; Nathan Andrews, 18G9; John H. Griffin, 
1870 ; J. E. Walker, 1871-72 ; George B. Hanford, 1873 ; 
Marcus Wight, 1874; Albra Hatch, 1875-76; Merritt C. 
Pendexter, 1877; William F. Marshall, 1878; Benjamin 
F. Pease, 1879. The present officers are Thomas Edes, 
Class-leader ; James Chute (2d), Recording Steward ; 
Thomas E. P]des, J. M. Green, James Clark, Merritt 
Green, John Lamb, D. K. Barker, L. W. Crocker, George 
Lamb, Stewards. There are 95 members. 

THE FIRST CONGREGATIONALIST SOCIETY OF NAPLES 

was organized soon after the incorporation of the town, by 
Benjamin Mitchell, Nathan Church, Charles Goodridge, 
Asa Warren, William, William C, James, and Abraham W. 
Chute, D. H. Torrey, and George Goodrich, at the house of 
A. W. Chute. Nathan Church was chosen Moderator ; A. 
W. Chute, Society Clerk ; Nathan Church, Collector and 
Treasurer ; Asa Warren, Assessor. Benjamin Mitchell 
was made Deacon. Benjamin Goodrich gave SI 000, to be 
used in building a house of worship, and $600 additional 
was contributed by the townspeople and members. The 
parish has a fund of $1000, of which Enoch Gammon, of 
Naples village, is trustee. 

SCHOOLS. 

The schools were established by the old towns previous 
to 1834. Oliver Dole, of Windham, taught the first 
school in the Naples village school-house, in 1822. The 
school agents chosen for the eight districts at the first 
election were John Patch, John Chaplin, Jr., John G. 
Cannell, Joseph Levitt, Elijah Varney, Samuel Leach, 
Samuel Pitts, and Benjamin Green ; $250 were voted for 
the support of schools. The people of Naples have always 
been liberal in the support of their schools, which now num- 
ber eleven districts, with good buildings, valued at $400 
each. There were $1546.42 expended for the support of 
common schools during 1878, $1000 of which was raised 
by tax from the town. Of the 360 school children between 
the ages of four and twenty-one years, 294 have attended 
school some portion of the year. In 1864 the town-house 
was offered to Mr. D. H. Cole for the use of a high school, 
and has since been used for that purpose. In 1878 there 
were held three terms of free high school. The first was 
supported by contributions, mainly from the inhabitants of 



District No. 4, W. W. McCann, Principal. The second 

term, at Naples village, was conducted by James F. Pills- 
bury, assisted by George M. Chapin. A term was held at 
Edes' Falls, taught by Mrs. Annie B. Robinson. These 
schools were supported by $300 raised by the town and an 
appropriation by the State. D. H. Cole, Superintendent of 
Schools for 1878-79 ; Philip 0. Cannell, present Superin- 
tendent. 

SOCIETIES. 

PATRONS OP HUSBANDRY. 

Naples Grange, No. 194, was organized at Naples vil- 
lage, Jan. 13, 1875. Nathan A. Church was installed 
Master ; D. K. Barker, Overseer ; J. E. Barker, Sec; James 
Chute, Chaplain ; Mrs. N. A. Church, Ceres ; Mrs. L. P. 
Crockett, Flora ; Mrs. H. R. Crockett, Pomona. A store 
and grange hall was erected in 1876, and dedicated July 
4th of that year. Benjamin F. Wentworth opened a store in 
the building, and supplied the members with goods at re- 
duced rates. The present membership is about 30. Offi- 
cers : J. E. Barker, Master; L. P. Crockett, Sec; Mrs. 
James Chute (2d), Ceres. 

GOOD TEMPLARS. 

Crystal Lake Lodge, No. 142, was organized Feb. 2, 
1878, with H. J. Leavitt, W. C. T. ; Mary E. Walker, 
W. V. T.; Ivory Cole, Sec; Freelon Walker, Chap- 
lain; John C. Plummer, Marshal. Present membership, 73. 
The lodge meets in the Grange Hall. Officers : A. W. 
Merserve, W. C. T. ; Miss Nellie Sawyer, W. V. T. ; 
Fred. L. Walker, Sec. 

MERCHANTS. 

Enoch Gammon, Sr., succeeded Benj. Goodridge in 1824. 
Mr. Gammon built a hotel in 1829, and in 1834-35 moved 
his goods into the brick store which was afterwards occu- 
pied by George Goodridge and Thomas Edes, from 1858 to 
1863, when Enoch Gammon, Jr., son of the first proprietor, 
became a party to the firm of Edes & Gammon, who are 
dealers in general merchandise. They are quoted as among 
the most substantial business firmsin the State. 

Washington Gray, a prominent citizen, was for many 
years a merchant at Naples. 

Harrison 0. Knight, one of the most popular and success- 
ful business men of the town, began selling goods in 1843, 
and continued in active business until 1870. 

B. F. Wentworth, an industrious blacksmith, opened a 
shop in the village in 1847, and by diligent industry has 
made himself one of the leading men of the town. He 
opened a general supply store in the Grange building in 
1876. 

Zebulon Jackson sold goods in Naples from 1870 to 
1874, and was succeeded by Philip 0. Cannell. Samuel 
Leavitt began the sale of dry-goods and notions from a 
wagon in 1871. M. Skillings— tinware and stoves— was 
established 1878. 

MANUFACTUHERS. 
p]des & Gammon, clothing, established by Thomas E. 
Edes and Enoch Gammon, Jr., 1871 ; Portland Packing 



324 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Company, canned sweet corn and vegetables, established 

1872. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Dr. Joshua Leavitt filled the position of first physician 
while attending to the cares of his farm. Dr. Thomas 
Perley, Jr., brother of Samuel F. Perley, a prominent citi- 
zen, practiced medicine in Naples for some years previous 
to the war of 18G1, leaving his practice for the position 
of a surgeon in the United States army. Dr. Horatio D. 
Torrcy practiced in Naples from 1854 to 1872. Dr. Eugene 
Brooks in 1872. I. C. Sawyer commenced the practice of 
medicine in Naples in 1864, and has built hini.self an hon- 
orable record as a physician. Dr. Charles Y. Lord, a young 
physician from Wales, York Co., located in Naples in 
December, 1878. 

Among the most prominent early citizens of the town 
were Benjamin Goodridge, Enoch Gammon, Thomas Perley, 
Abraham W. Chute, James Sanborn, John West, and Asa 
Warren, who was burned in his dwelling while trying to 
save the life of his son. Mr. Warren was highly respected. 
More recently, Samuel F. Perley, Wilkinson Edes, Robert 
Edes, town clerk for fourteen successive years ; John G. 
Cannell, B. F. Wentworth, Daniel Richardson, who have 
each represented the town in the State Legislature, have 
acquired the respect of their fellow-townsmen. 

MILITARY. 
SOLDIKRS OF 1812. 

Phineas Hoyt, Solomon Lamb, Joshua Goodridge, John 
Lord, David Lord, Joab Libby, Lieut. Samuel Leach. 

MILITIA OP 1834. 

On petition of William B. Wisner and others, the first 
militia company of Naples was ordered to meet at " James 
Sanborn's inn," on Saturday, Jan. 24, 1835, to elect ofiicers. 
Enoch Gammon was chosen Captain, John G. Cannell, 
Lieutenant, and Lyman Hall, Ensign. They were a part 
of the 2d Regiment, 1st Brigade, 5tli Division of the 
Militia of Maine, and were known as K Company. Thomas 
Chute was Orderly Sergeant and Clerk. The musicians 
were Hon. Samuel F. Perley, Fifer ; William Jackson, Sec- 
ond Ba.ss Drum ; and Col. Daniel Chaplin, Drummer. Col. 
Chaplin earned his eagles in the war of 1801-65, as an 
officer of the Lumbermen's Regiment of Maine, organized 
at Bangor. Phineas Hoyt, an old drummer of 1812, played 
for them, but was not a member of the company. William 
Lamb, Asa Warren, Hiram Leach, and James Chute were 
sergeants. 

The following is a partial list of members, taken from the 
company's order-book : John K. Chaplin, Newell Gammon, 
Jacob Chaplin, Jr., Stephen Barker, Jary Green, James W. 
Chaplin, Thomas F. Perley, Wat.son Doughty, Major W. 
Knight, Timothy M. Green, Cyrus Lamb, Hiram Varney, 
Joshua Brackett, p]leazer Bartlett, Ebenezer Choate, Francis 
Kimball, Eli West, Asa Harmon, Daniel Davis, John Lamb, 
Benjamin Bailey, Daniel D. Ruggles, Jonathan Barker, 
Joshua Goodridge, James Clark, Joseph F. Gammon, Paul 
Lord, Albert Gray, William Jackson, Gideon Bean, Frank- 
lin Leavitt, Hamilton G. Kinir. 



Abraham W. Chute was commissioned payma.ster of the 
regiment in 1827. 

The last officers were, Captain, J. G. Cannell ; Lieutenant, 
James Chute ; Ensign, Albert Gray. 

The last order calls on them to assemble " armed and 
equipped, as the law directs, at James Sanborn's inn, on 
March 20, 1844." 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



DAViD H. COLE, 

son of Edward Cole, was born in Cornish, York Co., Me., 
Oct. 19,1808. 

He received his education in the common school and at 
the Limerick Academy. At the age of eighteen he married 
Ruth H. Eastman, of Cornish. For many years he has 
been a teacher, and taught school .some eighty-four terms, 
making in all twenty-four years. 




9 



' l-CA^iy-'^-e^ 



Photo, by Lamson. 



In 1839 he removed to Fryeburg, where he was engaged 
in teaching and farming. In 1862 he removed to the town 
of Naples, and continued as a teacher and farmer until 
1865, when he removed to the village of Naples, where, the 
same year, he was appointed postmaster, and continues to 
hold the position. About this time he began reading law, 
as did also his sons, Charles and Lyman L. Both sons 
were admitted to practice before their f\ither. Charles is a 
lawyer in Washington. D. C, and Lyman L. an attorney in 
Parkersburg, W. Va. Mr. Cole was admitted to the bar 
at the age of sixty-two, and is now a lawyer in Naples. In 
1850 he was elected justice of the peace, and held the 
office for twenty-five years. He is an active and earnest 
promoter of school interests, and was for some time super- 




CHARLES CHOATE. 



Photo, by LaDlsoD, Purtliind. 



Ebeuezer Choate, bom in 1796, in Essex, Essex 
Co., Mass., came witli liis parents to Bridgton, Cum- 
berland Co., Me., in 1800, where lie remained until 
he was twenty years of age. In 1824 he married 
Eliza Barker, of Bridgton. Tliey have three chil- 
dren living: Charles, born April 8, 1826; Ruth, 
born March 12, 1830; and Isaac B., born July 12, 
1833. 

In 1826, Mr. C'lioate purchased a farm in 
Naples, where he carried on farming until age com- 
pelled him to retire from tlie active duties of life, 
and since that time his son Charles has had charge 
of the homestead. 



He was an ardent supporter of the old Whig 
party, and is now a Republican. Mr. Choate was 
never very solicitous of political office, and has 
only been officially connected with town mattei-s 
as treasurer and collector. He is a man known 
for his integrity and just dealing, for his sound 
judgment and correct habits. Charles Choat« served 
in the 25th Regiment of Maine Infantry, Com- 
pany E, Col. Frank Fessenden commanding, and 
at the expiration of his term was honorably dis- 
charged. Isaac B. married Sophia P. Thompson, 
of Windham, and Ruth was married to David I^ar- 
rabee, of Westbrook, 





MRS. L. L. CROCKETT. 



L. L. CROCKETT. 




RFSinnxF OF L.LCROCKEITT, NAPLES . Maine. 



TOWN OF NAPLES. 



325 



visor of the school committee. His other children are 
Mary W., Susan E., Edward R.., Hannah J., Wallace D., 
Corydon L., and Mchitable A. 



THE PERLEY FAMILY. 

Tn the year of our Lord 1630 came Allan Perley, from 
Flint.shire, in Wales, to the colony of Massachusetts Bay. 
He was the progenitor of all of his name in America. 

In 1776, one of his descendants, Enoch Perley, of Box- 
ford, Mass., came to the township of Bridgton, in the 
Province of Maine. There were there before him a dozen 
families, the first house having been built seven years before. 

The journey from Massachusetts was toilsome, and that 
part of Maine heavily wooded, so we expect to be told that 
all the early emigrants were hardy, energetic men. Enoch 
Perley was in many respects a remarkable man, of great 
activity of mind and body, untiring perseverance, and keen 
sagacity. He was small in stature, with a sharp voice and 
a quick, emphatic manner of -speaking peculiar to himself; 
always busy, exercising his various occupations of farmer, 
carpenter, stone-mason, smith, turner, tanner and currier, 
hunter and fisherman, and withal a man of education for 
his times. He was clerk for the proprietors of Bridgton 
from the time the records were moved there in 1777 till 
1806, when, the land having all been deeded away, they 
ceased to exist as a corporation. He was always called 
" 'Squire Perley," — is spoken of to this day as " the old 
'Squire." He held many of the most important oflSces in 
town, and was for many years an acting magistrate ; was a 
man of active benevolence, an earnest member of the church, 
contributing largely to a fund for the support of the ministry 
in Bridgton, and shrewdly making his gift upon condition 
that if a church should ever be formed south of the centre 
of the town it .should go there. It has eventually fallen to 
the church at South Bridgton, much nearer his own farm, 
which extends to the southern boundary of Bridgton. 

The first house built by Enoch Perley, succeeding the 
log-camp in which he lived a short time, still stands, the 
oldest frame building in Bridgton, now used as a tool-house, 
but keeping the swinging steps by which the floor above 
was reached, and the buttons that fastened back the "turn- 
up" bedstead. It was soon too small, for in those times 
every man's house was open to travelers, and no man was 
turned from this hospitable door. A second one was built, 
which in the night of the 2d of October, 1780, was destroyed 
by fire, with the proprietors' records, — an irreparable loss to 
the historian of those times. Early next morning a passing 
traveler saw 'Squire Perley hewing a stick of timber in his 
door-yard : to the question, " What are you doing ?" he 
replied, " Making a new house," in his own sharp way. 

Enoch Perley was a prudent and far-seeing man. While 
his neighbors were getting rid of their forests with all pos- 



sible expedition, he purchased and saved all he was able, and 
lived to see it make him the richest person in that region. 
He left the principal part of his property to his two sons, 
in who.se hands it increased in value, and, what is a little 
remarkable, it has not diminished in the third generation. 
He married Anna Flint, of Boxford, who died before him, 
he living to the age of eighty years. 

SAMUEL F. PERLEY, 

fourth son of Thomas Perley, inherited the farm and still 
lives in the house built by his father in Bridgton, now Na- 
ples. 

The farm is situated on an eminence with fine views in 
every direction of the hills and lakes of this beautiful 
county, and the present owner has spent his life in improv- 
ing it, notably grafting apple-trees, and an orchard of four 
hundred pear-trees. He has always been interested in the 
improvement of methods of ftirming in Maine, experiment- 
ing upon his own farm, and being an active member of the 
agricultural societies throughout the State, and a trustee of 
the State Agricultural College at Oronc from its founda- 
tion till 1874, when he resigned on account of ill health. 

He has been a member of the Legislature four sessions, 
was for many years a justice of the peace, and, from his 
tact and good judgment, po.s.se.ssed of much influence in his 
own and neighboring towns. 

He has been well known as a land surveyor, and, adding 
a remarkable degree of wood-craft to the technical part of 
his profession, has been often called upon to settle disputed 
boundaries. He was born in 1817; married first Miss 
Griswold, of Fryeburg, by whom he has one child ; second, 
Miss Fitch, of Portland, who has no surviving children. 



L. L. CROCKETT, 



eldest son of Peter and Mary Crockett, was born in the 
town of Gorham, Dec. 10, 1815. 

His father dying when he was only eleven years of age, 
he went to live with Daniel Murch, with whom he resided, 
working on a farm, until he was sixteen years old. During 
these years he received limited opportunities for obtaining 
any education from books. He spent four years learning 
the trade of a tanner, and shoemaking, and, at the age of 
twenty, began business for himself, as a shoemaker, in the 
town of Gorham, which business he continued to follow 
for twenty years. In 1841 he married Mary J. Libby, of 
Gorham. Of this union were born six children, George E., 
Sarah C, Charlotte I., Lewis P., Frank W., and Jane A. 

Mr. Crockett is a representative farmer in the town of 
Naples, and since his first start in business he has been suc- 
cessful. In politics he is a Republican, and in all local 
matters he is a promoter of enterprises tending to benefit 
society and establish educational interests. 



NEW GLOUCESTER 



ORIGINAL GKANT OF THE TOWN. 

The town of New Gloucester is included witliin a line 
running four miles, one hundred and ninety-eight rods 
from its southern corner to the county line, seven and a 
half miles on the county line ; thence due southwest to 
such point as shall form a right angle and intersect the 
starting-point. It is bounded on the northeast by Dan- 
ville and Durham, in Androscoggin Co. ; on the southeast 
by Pownal and North Yarmouth ; on the southwest by 
Gray and Raymond ; and on the northwest by Poland, in 
Androscoggin Co. The grant, comprising a tract equal to 
six miles square, was made by the General Court of Mas- 
sachusetts to GO of the inhabitants of Gloucester, Mass., 
March 27, 1736, and the lines established by a committee 
of the General Court, in 1762.* Three additional shares 
were reserved for the support of schools, the ministry, and 
the fir.st .settled minister. A portion of the town was laid 
out and drawn by lot Feb. 17, 1738, and the remainder in 
17(55, 17(57, 1773, and 1700. Four lots were reserved as 
mill lots, for which the occupants were required to erect 
mills within two years. 

rUEPARATIONS FOR SETTLEMENT. 

John Willett was sent, soon after the first drawing, to 
open a cart-road from the point of debarkation on Cousins 
River to the present village, and construct a bridge across 
Royal River. To induce settlement, £30 were offered to 
those who would remain three years, £20 for two years, 
and £10 for one year .settlers. The first clearing was made 
by Jonas Mason, on the east slope of Harris Hill, west of 
Stevens' Brook. Other inducements were offered, and in 
1744, Capt. Isaac Eveleth came to advance the interests of 
the proprietors, and open more roads. 

John Megquier, grandfather of Gen. Charles Megquier, 
came at the age of fifteen, in 1748, and in the summer of 
that year remained alone in camp with his rifle, watching 
the oxen, and ready to sound the alarm of " Indians !" 
while the older ones crossed the river to cut hay from the 



* In 17C2 there was a difficulty about the bounJary, on account of 
the Pejcpscot proprietors on the northeast croxTiling down upon New 
Gloucester. This caused the hitter town to crowd down upon Gray, 
and Gray also upon Windham, so that about two miles of territory 
was in dispute between the towns, the space being that much too 
narrow to allow the three towns their required si.x miles square. The 
proprietors therefore petitioned tlie General Court for a committee to 
be appointed to run out the boundary lines of the towns in such a 
manner as to settle the dispute. In doing this they could only give 
New Gloucester four miles and a half and thirty-three rods on the 
Yarmouth buck line, and were obliged to run up the northeast side a 
northwestby-north course, instead of a northwest course, until it 
should contain its required amount of land. This changed the form 
of the town from a parallelogram of si.\ miles on each side to its 
present peculiar shape. 

326 



natural meadows which were held in common for many 
years. Twelve miles of roads, 19 bridges, and a saw-mill 
on Stevens' Brook had been constructed, when the Indians 
began to menace the frontiers, and the settlers were ordered 
away by the military authorities for their own safety. In 
1752 the ruins were visited by John Roberts with four 
men under orders to rebuild the saw-mill and bridges, and 
saw timbers for a meeting-house and fort. Soon after the 
settlers returned, and in 1753-54, the fort was erected on 
the high ground, between the village and burying-ground, 
overlooking and controlling the approach to the mill in the 
ravine below. The walls were of thick pine timbers pierced 
with holes for the riflemen, and mounted with two swivel 
guns. James Proctor, of Woburn, garrisoned the fort with 
6 men, 2 of whom were killed, and a third scalped by 
Indians, during the six years the settlers sought nightly 
refuge within its walls, or sallied forth in company to work 
upon their fields while one stood guard over his fellows. 
Joseph Tyler was captured by Indians in 1755, and after- 
wards became an interpreter. In 1756 the garrison was 
received on half-pay by the province of Massachusetts. 
In 1760 the saw- and grist-mills were completed on Royal 
River at the Great Falls. 

John Stinchfield, David Millett, William Stevens, Hum- 
phrey Woodbury, Samuel Worthley, Benjamin Hanimon, 
John Megquier, John Stinchfield, Jr., Horton Mitclull, 
Ciipt. Nathaniel Eveleth, William McLane, and William 
Stinchfield,— all of whom were born in this country except 
the first, making in the whole 1 2 families ; and 8 more had 
moved into the town before winter came. Col. Isaac Par- 
sons settled near the village, on the farm now occupied by 
his great-grandson, Charles P. Haskell, in 1761. John 
Woodman settled in the valley below, near the bridge. 

The proprietors' records were moved from Gloucester, 
Mass., to New Gloucester, in 1763, and a meeting held in 
the fort November 22d, when Samuel Morrill was chosen 
Moderator of the Meeting and Treasurer; Col. Isaac Par- 
sons, Clerk ; Jonathan Tyler, Daniel Merrill, William 
Harris, Committee and Assessors ; Nathaniel Eveleth, Col- 
lector; William Harris, Surveyor of Roads. 

At the first election, held at the meeting-house, Sept. 
17, 1774, Simon Noyes was made Moderator, and the fol- 
lowing town ofiicors were elected : Nathaniel Eveleth, Town 
Clerk ; Simon Noyes, Moses Merrill, Samuel Merrill, Select- 
men and Assessors ; Isaac Parsons, Treasurer ; Abel Davis, 
Constable and Collector; Jacob Haskell, Josiah Smith, 
Micah Walker, Fence-Viewers; Josiah Smith, Pelcg 
Chandler, Wardens; Moses Merrill, Tithing-Man ; Jacob 
Haskell, William Harris, Abel Davis, William Row, Sur- 
veyors of Roads ; Deacon Daniel Merrill, Scaler of Weights 
and Measures ; Samuel Parsons, Sealer of Leather ; Jere- 



TOWN OP NEW GLOUCESTER. 



327 



miah Thoits, Payn Ellwell, Hog-Reeves. A pound was 
voted, and each man ordered to make his axle-tree.s four feet 
five inches long. A meeting was held September 19th, 
at which Col. William Allen, William Harris, and Isaac 
Parsons were elected a committee to meet in Portland to 
consider " the present alarming situation of public affairs." 
One-fourth of the men were detached as Minute-Men, April 
25, 1775. Two casks of powder, 300 flints, and 200 
pounds of lead were voted, and appropriations were made 
for roads and schools. The ammunition was kept concealed 
behind the huge sounding-board in the old church. Sep- 
tember 27th a committee was appointed to inspect the in- 
habitants to see whether they respect the resolves of Con- 
gress not to use British goods. On receipt of the news of 
the battle of Lexington, the people assembled under call of 
the selectmen ; the militia were organized by Capt. William 
Harris, Capt. Isaac Parsons, and David Millett, and 20 
men were raised for the army. In May, 177(5, Capt. Isaac 
Parsons left for the war, with a company of 55 men. 

In 1787 the old fort was sold for seven bushels of corn. 
New Gloucester became a half-shire town with Portland in 
1792, continuing so until the organization of Oxford County 
in 1805, when the records were removed to Portland. 
Courts were held in the old school-house, now the tin shop 
of Philip C. CoUer. The jury-rooms were in the old Bell 
Tavern, kept by Peleg Chandler, on the opposite corner, 
since 1782. The old sigu is still kept in the village, but 
there is no hotel in the town. A whipping-post was erected 
beside the pound near by, and stocks were made, in which 
some of the community usually spent their Sundays. 

In 1824 there were five stores or trading-shops in the 
town, five taverns, one social library that was established in 
1795, and one Masonic Fraternity. Eleven of the youths 
of the town had received a college education, and many of 
them an academic. There were three attorneys-at-law, 
two of them college graduates, one of whom was a justice 
of the Court of Sessions. Rev. Mr. Foxcroffc was the first 
minister, and officiated till 1802, when Rev. Mr. Moseley 
became his successor. Mr. Foxcroft died March 9, 1807, 
at the age of seventy-two years. 

In 1824 there were three physicians, one of whom, 
Timothy Little, M.D., had a high reputation as a surgeon 
and anatomist. He had many students for the medical 
profession. The place at that time contained one cabinet- 
maker, three painters, four carpenters and joiners, a number 
of boot and shoe makers, two saddlers, harness-makers, and 
chaise-trimmers, three blacksmiths, a brass-founder, two 
tailors, two chair-makers. There had been one major-gen- 
eral, three brigadier-generals, and three colonels in town. 
The inhabitants at that time numbered over 1600, all of 
whom, except one, were born in the United States, chiefly 
in Massachusetts. There were then about 240 dwelling- 
houses in the town, all wood, except two, which were of 
brick. The town then contained ten school districts, and 
had a fund the interest of which was sufficient to pay for 
half the schooling. 

The practice of selling the poor was abandoned in 1834, 
and a town-farm purchased. Town business was transacted 
in the old church until 1838, when the old Baptist church 
was purchased and used for a town-house. The heaviest 



business of the town was in the days of courts, mail- 
coaches, and lumbering, previous to 1830. It now sup- 
ports a thriving local trade. 

Sept. 7, 1874, a centennial celebration was held on the 
ground of the Old Fort, and an address delivered by Hon. 
Charles H. IIa.skell, of the Portland bar, a great-great- 
grandson of Jacob Haskell, one of the first settlers of the 
town. Addresses were also delivered by many natives of 
New Gloucester who had attained distinction in other 
States. Five hundred dollars were bequeathed to the town 
by Ezra Tobie in 1770, the interest of which was to be 
divided among the town panpors each Thanksgiving-day. 

Historic interest centres around the old village beside 
the Fort of 1754, on the hill, still po.ssessing the house of 
Capt. Parsons, erected in 1773, and used as a store-room by 
Charles P. Haskell ; the dwelling of Rev. Samuel Fox- 
croft, the second frame house in town, and in which Col. 
Joseph E. Foxcroft was born in 1773; the old Foxcroft 
store ; the Bell Tavern, the court-room ; the old, unpainted 
town-house ; beyond the fort, the single pine-tree where 
stood the mill, and near by the burying-ground donated 
by Paul Stevens in 1793. Capt. Parsons, of Revolu- 
tionary fame, sleeps here by the side of his four wives, his 
'own marble headstone, in compliance with his dying in- 
junctions, " a little higher, thicker, and a little more to the 
front" than the black slate ones marking their graves 
on either side. There are, besides, burying-grounds at 
Gloucester Hill, West Gloucester, and at the east corner 
of the town, to which most of the early dead have been 
gathered. 

VILLAGES. 

NEW GLOUCKSTER, 

the principal village, contains 42 dwellings, the town-house, 
school-house, Congregationalist and Baptist churches, and 
the following business houses : 

General stores: I. H. Keith, establi-shed in 1848, in 
company with Sewall Gross; J. W. Mitchell, established 
in 1879. 

Hardware and tin : P. C. CoUer, 1875. 

Harness; William P. Taylor, 1829. 

Millinery: Miss Martha Marsh, 1871. 

Wagons: John Hancock, J. G. Bennett, 1876. 

Blacksmith: Edwin Bean, 1878. 

There are two resident physicians : Dr. A. Q. Marshall, 
1872 ; and Dr. John I. Sturgis. 

In the valley half a mile distant are the depots of the 
Grand Trunk and Maine Central Railroads. 

UPPER GLOUCESTER, 
two miles north, contains 25 dwellings, a fine, large school- 
house, over which the " Centennial Hall" was erected at 
the expense of the school district in 1870 ; the stores of 
Sewall Gross, established 1855; and George Blake, 1856; 
Isaac Brown's shoe-shop, Alvin Brown's blacksmith-, and 
Benjamin Seger's wagon-shop. Near by are the saw mills 
of Allen & Jordan and Alverdo Estcz, on land occupied by 
mills for nearly a century. 

The post-oflices are West Gloucester, the Shaker sellle- 
mcut, Samuel Keudrich, postmaster; Upper Gloucester, 



328 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Sewall Gross, postmaster; New Gloucester, Mrs. Abbie S. 
Stevens, postmistress. 

Cobb's is an abanJoiicd station on the Grand Trunk 
Railway. 

Fogg's Corneii consists of 16 dwellings and the store 
of J. F. PoUister, established in 1876. 

Gloucester Hill is a hamlet of 20 dwellings near the 
Free-Will Baptist church. The Maine Central and Grand 
Trunk Railways pa.ss through the town in nearly parallel 
routes from north to south. 

SHAKER VILLAGE,* 

or United Society of Believers, located in the northwest 
corner of the town of New Gloucester, is deserving of es- 
pecial notice, both from the peculiarity of their religious 
views and the successful experiment of their domestic 
economy in community life, patterning the first Christian 
Church as represented in the New Testament, " the multi- 
tude of them that believed were of one heart, neither 
said any of them that aught of the things which he pos- 
sessed was his own, but they had all things in common." 
(Acts iv. 32.) 

Copying from an interesting paper contributed by the 
Shakers at the centennial anniversary of the town, Sept. 7, 
1874, a brief extract of the origin of the Shakers is here 
presented as an introduction : 

" Ann Lee, the founder, was born in Manchester, England, Feb- 
ruary, 1736, who firstly became a disciple of James and Jane AVardly, 
Friends or Quakers, who belonged to the sect called the French Proph- 
ets. In early life, Ann was endowed with uncommonly deep religious 
feelings, and under their teachings becnme deeply inspired, and was 
blessed with many divine gifts, visions, revelations, and prophecies, 
until it was acknowledged by her elders and the society to which she 
belonged that she had received greater light and power and a minis- 
tration superior to theirs, and instinctively looked to her for counsel, 
and called her mother, an endearing title which all her faithful fol- 
lowers repeat with pleasure. 

** Her testimony whs so sharp, keen, and ])owcrful against the root of 
human depravity that it aroused the enmity of the wicked, and she 
and her followers were bitterly persecuted. At one time her persecu- 
tors led her out into a valley, and attempted to stone her to death ; but, 
as she declared, she was shielded by the power of God, and they were 
not able to injure her. E.xasperated by failure to accomplish their 
fiendish designs, they fell into contentions among themselves, and she 
escaped. At another time she was placed in the stone prison of Man- 
chester, in a cell so small she could not straiten herself, and there 
kept fourteen days without food or drink, except once in twenty-four 
hours a lad by the name of James Whittaker would insert the stem 
of a pipe through the keyhole of the prison-door, and pour a little 
wine and milk into the bowl of the pipe; in this way she obtained all 
the nourishment she received during that time. At the end of the 
fourteen days the prison-door was opened, with the hope and c.\- 
pectation of finding her dead, but to the surprise of all she walked 
off as smart and strong as on the day she was put into prison. 

"After that she received a revelation to come to America, and on 
the 19th of May, 1771, she and eight of her followers embarked in a 
vessel called the ' Maria,* which was condemned as unseaworthy. 
During the passage, Mother Ann told the captiiin he should not know 
whereof to accuse them, e.\cept it were concerning the law of their 
God, especially in the manner of their worship, which did prove of- 
fensive; and when they went forth to jiraise God in songs and 
dances, the captain was greatly enraged, and threatened to throw 
them overboard if they repeated the offense. But she, believing it 
better to obey God rather than man, again went forth in the same 
manner to worship Him; this so enraged the captain that he at- 
tempted to put his threats into execution. This was in the time of a 

* Prepared by Elder Otis Sawyer. 



storm, and the ship sprung aleak. All hands were called to the 
pumps. Mother Ann herself and her companions took their turns. 
The storm was so violent and the leak so bad that the captain turned 
pale as a corpse, and told them there was no hope of safety, that the 
ship must go down, and all on board perish; but Mother Ann said, 
' Nay, captain, be of good cheer, not one hair of our heads shall 
perish ; we shall all land safe in America, 1 just saw two bright 
angels of God standing by the mast, from whom I received this 
promise.' Immediately a huge wave struck the ship, closing the 
plank into its place, which had started off and caused the leak ; the 
storm abated, and after that the captain said to Mother Ann, * To yon 
we owe the safety of the ship and our lives, henceforth worship God 
as you please ; you shall not be molested ;* and ever afterwards treated 
her with great kindness. And, as Mother Ann predicted, they did all 
land safely in New York, on the 6th of August, 1774. They soon 
settled in Niskyuna, now Watervliet, N. Y., from whence, in the 
spring of 1780, their testimony began to spread." 

In November, 1783, Elisba Pote, Nathan Freeman, and 
Enoch Waitef came from Gorham, Me., into what was then 
called Thompson Pond Plantation, and held meetings. 
They were all gifted speakers and singers. Elisha Pote 
took the lead in speaking, being a man of learning and 
eloquent in his address, mild and persuasive in tone, and 
his reasonings clear and convincing. After preaching they 
went forth in the dance with much power. After singing 
one song, they gave liberty for any one to unite with them 
who wished to, when Dorothy Pote and Mary Merrill were 
simultaneously inspired by the power of God, their bodies 
were mightily agitated, and they turned swiftly round like 
tops for the space of an hour. They both received faith, and 
like many others, like the multitude who went with Jesus to 
John the Baptist confessing their sins and were baptized in 
Jordan (which signifies judgment), so they confes.sed their 
sins and were baptized in the spiritual Jordan which we 
believe is coming to judgment. 

Nathan Merrill was the first man who embraced the 
Shaker faith, and this was on the 12th of November, 1773. 
Soon many others joined, and among the heads of families 
may be named Gowen Wilson, James and Edmund Merrill 
(brothers of Nathan), Josiah, Simeon, and Gershom Holmes, 
Thomas and Samuel Pote, Barnabas and Ephraim Briggs, 
and Thomas Cushman, — these with their wives and most of 
their children ; besides many individuals of various ages, 
prominent among whom was George Parsons, nephew of 
Col. Isaac Parsons, who for intelligence, ability, and firm- 
ness proved himself a worthy connection of the indomitable 
uncle, and a staunch advocate of the Shaker faith. 

The society was organized on the 19th of April, 1791, 
under the leadership of Elder John Barnes, whose associ- 
ates were Robert McFarland, Eldre.ss Sarah Kendall, and 
Lucy Prescott. These composed the mini.stry and presided 
over the society at Alfred as well as this. Here is an in- 
teresting fact for the advocates of women's rights, which 
they suppose is a new thing in the earth, but which has 
been acknowledged by the United Society of Shakers co- 
eval with their existence, wlien woman, the representative 
of the Mother in Deity, is permitted to take her place in 
the order and government of the Church of Christ co-equal 
with man. 

The first trustees appointed were Nathan Merrill and 
Barnabas Briggs; they then commenced to build the present 



f Corrected from Centennial Report. 



TOWN OF NEW GLOUCESTER. 



29 



settlement. The meeting-house was raised on the 14th of 
Juno, 1784, patterning the old Dutch style then in vogue 
in Now York, which was imitated by all the Shaker socie- 
ties in tjie New England States. The bricks for the chim- 
neys were made near Sabbath-day Pond, and were some- 
what smaller in size than those made nowadays. All the 
nails used in its construction were made by Joseph Briggs 
(son of Ephraim Briggs) and a young apprentice. The 
shingles put on the roof that year remained on until 1S7G, 
when they were removed and new ones put on. 

The old Central dwelling was built in 1793, and other 
buildings were erected yearly as the society had need and 
ability to build, such as barns, workshops, etc. 

The first grist-mill built by the combined labor of the 
brethren was in 177(5, and contained one run of stones, in 
which was ground wheat, rye, corn, and all kinds of grain. 
In it was a small bolt, the linen cloth of which was spun 
and woven by the expert hands of the Shaker sisters. 

In 1796 the society built a saw-mill, the first one erected 
in the west part of the town. In 1808-9 the society built 
a large mill, in which were two runs of stones, and a good 
bolt made of imported cloth. In the same building were 
turning-lathes, and in the attic were card-machines for 
making woolen rolls, the entire machinery in the mill being 
made by the brethren of the community. The carding- 
niachine was said to be the second or third set put in 
operation in this State. 

By industry and prudence additions have been made 
from time to time, until the real estate of the society 
at large comprises over 1800 acres of laud, more than 
1000 of which lies in the town of New Gloucester, the re- 
mainder in the town of Poland, where, a mile distant due 
north, is a branch family called the Novitiate Order. In 
the year 1808 a small society was organized in the town of 
Gorliam in this county, but for prudential reasons the 
members composing the society sold out their property in 
the year 1819, purchased lands, and settled on what is 
called Poland Hill, a good farm and a most delightful loca- 
tion, and became an auxiliary to the Church family, so 
called. That family has, during the present year, 1879, 
completed and moved into a large stone dwelling-house, 70 
feet long, 4G feet wide, and three stories in height. In the 
centre of the third story, arched up into the roof, is a chapel, 
of ample dimensions to accommodate over 100 persons, 
finished very plain, but with exquisite neatness ; and the 
cellar under the whole building cannot be excelled, if 
equaled, within a radius of fifty miles. 

The first garden-seeds raised and put into small packages 
and packed in boxes for the market in this State were pre- 
pared in this society, under the supervision of James 
Holmes, eldest son of Josiah Holmes. The manufacture 
Wits early commenced of wooden-ware, tubs, pails, churns, 
dry-measures, oval boxes in nests, hair-sieves, brooms, linen 
and woolen wheels. The sisterhood would purchase cotton 
in Portland, wash and card it by hand, spin and weave it, 
not only for home use, but to make sheeting, shirting, bed- 
ticking, and checked blue and white for aprons, for the Port- 
land market. After machinery was introduced into New 
England to manufacture cotton-yarn, the merchants of 
Portland would furnish yarn, and the sisters would weave 
■42 



many hundred yards yearly, for which they received a cer- 
tain percentage, twenty cents per yard for weaving and 
whitening No. 30, and so on, more or less, according to the 
number. 

It may be interesting to the young ladies of our day who 
wear aimy their time playing on the piano, to know that 
the young ladies of that day would weave on a Iiandloom 
from ten to eighteen yards of plain sheeting, and smart hands 
would weave ten yards of firm bed-ticking in a day. 15ut 
all these kinds of manufacture have been superseded by 
machinery, and of all the above-named branches, the making 
of dry-measures and brooms is alone carried on. Other 
branches of business have been introduced, and after the 
building of our present extensive grist-mill and machine- 
shop in 1853, the manufacture of shocks from oak-staves 
has been carried on yearly to a limited extent. In 18(j3, 
an ingenious mechanic, Hewett Chandler (born in Poland, 
Me., in 1833), and reared in the society since he was five 
years old, invented a much-improved mowing-machine, 
which found ready sale for what few ho could make, until 
superseded by others of greater improvements. In 1876 
the same inventive genius made moulds, and commenced 
the manufacture of dry-measures in conformity to the 
metric system, from a deciliter in regular gradation up to 
a hectolitre, comprising some ten different sizes, being the 
first ever manufactured in the United States (so says the 
Metric Bureau in Boston, Mass.), for which, at present, 
there is but a very limited sale, but with the prospect of 
an increasing demand. 

The principal articles manufactured for sale by the sister- 
hood at the present time are a great variety of ladies' work- 
baskets, needle-books, pin-cushions, feather-fans, feather- 
dusters, etc., and the world-renowned " Shaker apple-sauce." 

The fundamental principles of Shakerism are virgin purity, 
non-resistance, peace, equality of inheritance, and unspotted- 
ness from the world. In the book of written rules for the 
observance of the members of the community, the first one, 
written in a bold hand, is the following: 

" Belt'vcrg (Shakers) 7ituHt jwt run in debt to tfic tcot-ld, and any one, 
even a Trustee, who deparls from the rule is held personally respon- 
sible for the debt so oontr.ieled, and the Society will not hold ilacif 
responsible; and of this fact the Leaders keep the Public well informed, 
by frequently publishing it in the leading Newspapers that circuliito 
where the Shakers do busine.ss in the form of a Vcdarution and C'du- 
tion to the public." 

To show that the Shaker life and habits are productive 
of longevity, we look over the records and find that in the 
two families one hundred and eighty-nine deaths have oc- 
curred at the average age of fifty-eight and a half years, 
dating back to 1787. Seventy-five of them lived to be over 
seventy years, many of the number were over eighty, and 
several from ninety to ninety-six at the time of their death. 

As a proof of the Shakers' anti-war s])irit and unselfish- 
ness as a people, we note the fact that at the conimenceinent 
of the late civil war many reasons were presented the War 
Department, at Washington, why Shakers should be exempt 
from bearing arms or performing military duty, and after 
setting forth many vital, conscientious reasons, the following 
fact was shown : that had the members of the United Society 
been permitted to draw pensions for military services, to 



330 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



which they were legally entitled, the Society at New Glouces- 
ter alone would have received from the United States gov- 
ernment, in pensions, to say nothing of bounty land, which, 
had it been put at six per cent, compound interest, would 
at that time — 1862 — have amounted to the snug little for- 
tune of $811,572.66, which was refused for conscience' sake, 
and this kind of reasoning was appreciated. 

The organization of the United Society consists firstly 
of the ministry, generally composed of four persons, two 
of each sex, who preside over two or more societies, who 
direct the spiritual affairs and advise in all the temporal, 
and have authority to appoint members to office or remove 
members from one family or society to another in their own 
bishopric. 

At the organization, in 179i, Elders John Barnes and 
Robert McFarland and Kldresses Sarah Kendall and Lucy 
Prescott composed the ministry, and the following-named 
persons have succeeded as leaders : When Elder John 
Barnes resigned, in 1814, ho was succeeded by Thomas 
Cushman, who died in 1816. Elder Elisha Pote from 
1816 to 1841. Elder Joseph Bracket from 1841 to 1859. 
Eldress Sarah Kendall resigned in 1818, succeeded by 
Eldress Lucy Prescott from 1818 to 1831. Eldress Re- 
becca Hadsdon from 1831 to 1853. Eldress Deborah 
Fuller from 1853 to 1856. Eldress Lavina Mclntire 
from 1856 to 1859. In October, 1859, Elder Otis Sawyer, 
Eldress Hester Ann Adams, and Eldress Mary Ann Gil- 
lespie were appointed, continuing without change, and com- 
pose the order at the present time. 

Second in importance are elders who preside at the head 
of each fomily, lead the meetings, and direct all minor 
matters pertaining to the family, to see that good order is 
observed, always acting in concert with the ministry. As 
it would occupy too much space to name all who have 
acted in that capacity, we give the names of only the pres- 
ent very intelligent and efficient elders. In the church 
family they are Joseph Brackett, William Dumont, Lavina 
McLitire, Aurelia Mace. And in the novitiate order, or 
Poland Hill family, Nehemiah Trull, Hannah Davis, Eliza- 
beth Haskell. 

Trustees. — Two or more persons compose the board of 
trustees to whom is intrusted the management of the tem- 
poralities of the community, and in all cases act for and in 
behalf of the society for which they are appointed to do 
business. When appointed to office, are required to sign a 
declaration of trust as in .selling or purchasing real estate. 
They are the legitimate persons to execute deeds, in which 
they invariably signify it is in trust, which prevents any 
claim of legal heirs on the part of the trustees, and all the 
business for the community is done by them or by their 
direction. Since the first ones, namely, Nathan Merrill and 
Barnabas Briggs, there has been a regular succession as 
follows: Samuel Pote, Joseph Briggs, William Merrill, 
James Holmes, Levi Holmes, Otis Sawyer, and the present 
talented, honest trustees are Hewett Chandler and Samuel 
Kendrick. 

CIVIL I,I.ST. 

SELECTMEN. 

1774.— Simon Noycs, Moses Merrill, Saimiel Merrill. 
1775. — Isaiic I'lirsons, William lliirrid, .John Sawyer. 



1776. — Enoch Fogg, Isaac Parsons, Nathaniel Eveleth. 
1777.— James Ilafkcll, Benjamin Hcrrin, David Millet. 
1778.— Enoch Fogg, Col. Moses Merrill, Ca|.t. William Harris. 
1779.— Cajit. William Harris, Enoch Fogg, Nathaniel Eveleth. 
1780.— Enoch Fogg, Nathaniel Eveleth, John Haskell. 
1781.— Nathaniel Eveleth, Enoch Fogg, Eilward Parsons. 
1782.— James Hiirsey, Jacob Haskell, Jr., Nathaniel Eveleth. 
1783.— Moses Haskell, Col. Moses Merrill, Nathaniel Eveleth. 
178-).- Jacob Haskell, Nathaniel Eveleth, John Merrill. 
1785.— Nathaniel Eveleth, Col. Moses Merrill, Ca)it. Wm. Harris. 
1786.— Nathaniel Evclclh, Col. Moses Merrill, John Merrill. 
1787.— Nathaniel Eveleth, John Merrill, Col. Moses Merrill. 
1788. — Nathaniel Evelelh, Enoch Fogg, Col. Moses Merrill. 
1789-90.— AVilliam Widgery, Andrew Campbell, Maj. Samuel Pierce. 
1791. — Col. Moses Merrill, Capt. Jacob Haskell, Jr., Nathaniel Eve- 
leth. 
1702.— Capt. Nathaniel Eveleth, Col. Moses Merrill, Capt. Jacob 

Haskell. 
1793.— Capt. Nathaniel Eveleth, Eliphalet Haskell, Col. Moses Merrill. 
1794-95.- William Widgery.Capt. Bildad Arnold, Nathaniel Eveleth. 
1796-99.— Nathaniel Eveleth, Col. Moses Merrill, Bildad Arnold. 
1800.- Nathaniel Eveleth, James Yetten, Eliphalet Haskell. 
1801.— Nathaniel Eveleth, Col. Moses .Merrill, Capt. John Woodman. 
1802-3. — Nathaniel Eveleth, Isaac Par-^ons, John Woodman. 
1804.- Nathaniel Eveleth, Andrew Campbell, John Woodman. 
1805.— Nathaniel Eveleth, John AVoodman, Eliphalet Haskell. 
1806.— Nathaniel Eveleth, Eliphalet Haskell, Isaac Gross. 
1807.- Joseph E. Fo.xcroft, Nathaniel Eveleth, Capt. David Nelson. 
1808.- Eliphalet Haskell, Isaac Gross, Capt. Jabez Cushman. 
1809.— Nathaniel Eveleth, David Nelson, Isaac Gross. 
1810-11. — Nathaniel Eveleth, Isaac Gross, Thomas Johnson. 
1812.- Nathaniel Eveleth, Isaac Gross, Richard Tobie, Jr. 
1813-14.— Nathaniel Eveleth, Isaac Parsons, Thomas B.Stiuchfield. 
1815. — Nathaniel Eveleth, Isaac Parsons, Isaac Gross. 
1816. — Isaac Parsons, Jr., Isaac Gross, Moses Woodman. 
1817. — Isaac Parsons, Jr., Isaac Gross, Jabez AVoodman. 
1818-19. — Isaac Gross, Jabez Woodman, John Webber. 
1820-23. — Isaac Gross, Isaac Parsons, Jr., John Webber. 
1824-27. — Isaac Gross, Isaac Parsons, Jr., Moses AVoodman. 
1828. — Isaac Parsons, Moses AVoodman, Aaron Eveleth. 
1829. — Aaron Eveleth, Moses AVoodman, Levi Tobie. 
1830.— Aaron Eveleth, Levi Tobie, Otis C. Gross. 
1831. — Aaron Eveleth, Otis C. Gross, Moses AA'oodman. 
1S32-33.— Aaron Eveleth, Otis C. Gross, Ezra Tobie. 
1834. — Aaron Eveleth, Ezra Tobie, Obadiah AVhiinian. 
1835.- Otis C. Gross, David Allen, Oljadiah AVhitman. 
1836.— Aaron Eveleth, Otis C. Gross, Obadiah AVhitman. 
1837.- Nathaniel Eveleth, David Allen, Otis C. Gross. 
1838. — Nathaniel Eveleth, David Allen, Thomas Lane. 
1839.- Nathaniel Eveleth, David Allen, Aaron Eveleth. 
1840. — Aaron Eveleth, Solomon H. Chandler, Thomas Lane. 
1841.— Otis Nelson, Aaron Eveleth, Ezra Tobie. 
1842.— Thomas Hiiskell, Ezra Tobie, Gen. Charles Megquier. 
1843.— Thomas Haskell, Job AVhite, Thomas M. Haskell. 
1844^45.— Otis C. Gross, Winthrop Cobb, Joseph Raynes. 
1846.— Ezra Tobie, Peter Haskell. Jr., Asa L. Haskell. 
1847.— Daniel Allen, Moses AVithara, Otis C. Gross. 
1848.- Daniel Allen, Ezra Tobie, Otis C. Gross. 
1849. — Otis Nelson, Henry Butler, Paine Merrill. 
1850. — David Allen, Moses Witham, Solomon H. Chandler. 
1851. — David Allen, Sewall Gross, Miltimore AVatls. 
1852-53.— Otis Nelson, Miltimore Watts, Scth L. Haskell. 
1854-55. — Ezra Tobie, Joseph Cross, Prentiss M. AVoodman. 
1856. — Prentiss M. AVoodman, Sewall Gross, George F. Hammond. 
1857. — David Allen, Lemuel R. Fogg, Jacob Bailey. 
1858. — Lemuel R. Fogg, Jacob Bailey, James Merrill. 
1859-60.- George AV. AVhitman, James Merrill, Nathaniel Rideout. 
1861.— George AV. AVhitman, Liikc Morgan, Scth L. Haskell. 
1802. — Prentiss M. AVoodman, David AV. Merrill, Geo. AV. Pluinmcr. 
1863.— David AV. Merrill, George AV. Plununer, C. H. Carlton. 
1864-65.— Jliltimorc AVatts, David AV. Merrill, John P. Stephens. 
1866.— David AV. Merrill, Henry A. Fogg, Nathaniel S. Shurtliff. 
1867. — Henry A. Fogg, Nathaniel S. Shurtlifl', Freeman Jordan. 
1868.— Charles P. Haskell, Amos F. Kevins, Oren Bailey. 
1869.— Otis C. Nelson, Charles P. Haskell, George AV. Plummcr. 




Phulo. I»y Lamaon, Purtloiid. 




0/^^^;&</y^/-^ 



Nicholas Rideout, son of Nutlmniel atid Riifli 
Rideout, was born in the town of Pownal, Me., Feb. 
24, 1822. He is fifth in a family of twelve ehildron, 
nine of whom are living, and spent his boyhwMl on 
the farm and in the common schools of New Glouces- 
ter and Pownal, where he acquired liabits of industry 
and economy, and where he laid tlie Coiiiidation for 
a successful business career. 

He married, Sept. 24, 1848, Charlotte, daughter 
of Capt. Moses and Charlotte Woodman, of New 
Gloucester. She was born April 3, 1825. They 
have two children, viz.: John Woodman, born Dec. 
1, 18o5, and Nichola'* Blanchard, born Nov. 9, 1866. 

Upon reaching his majority Mr. Rideout starte<l 
in life for himself. He had no money, but something 
of more value, willing hands and resolution to carry 
to a successful completion whatever he undertook. 
The result of his labor is the sole |)os.scssion of a 
farm of two hntidreil and fifty acres, under a good 
state of cultivation, and upon which he Ikl-* erected 



commodious !)uildings for his convenience, a view 
of which may be seen on another page of this work. 
His farm lies on tlie line of the Grand Trunk and 
Maine Central Railroads, and his residence is within 
five minutes' walk of the two depots. It is com- 
])rised of a part of the John Woodman farm. John 
Wootlmaii w itli his wife, grandparents of Mrs. Ride- 
out, settled on this farm in 1761. IMr. Rideout has 
furniture in his house made from hewn timlKT that 
w:is taken i'rom the old bloek-housc built in 1754 
to secure a home for the settlers, and his son, John 
W., has articles of clothing made by hand by his 
great-grandmother. 

In politics Mr. Rideout is a Republican, and is 
a member of the Congregational Church of New 
Gloucester. He is intereste<l in and a promoter 
of good society, and of all enterprises of a chari- 
table nature. He is a thrifty, enterprising farmer, 
and among the best agricnltundists of Cumberland 
County. 



TOWN OF NEW GLOUCESTER. 



331 



1870-72. — Otis C. Nelson, Elisha M. Morgan, Nicholas Rideout. 
1873.— Otis C. Nelson, George W. Plummer, Charles P. Ilasliell. 
1874-75.— Otis C. Nelson, Oilman Martin, Charles P. Haskell. 
1876.— Otis C. Nelson, Barker Holt, Charles P. Haskell. 
1877.— Nicholas Rideout, Elisha M. Morgan, John W. True. 
1878.- Otis C. Nelson, Elisha M. Morgan, John W. True. 
1879.— Otis C. Nelson, John \V. True, Charles P. Haskell. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Nivfhaniel Evcleth, 1774-181»; Aaron Eveleth, 1816-17; Jabcz 
Woodman, 1818-21; John Harris, Jr., 1822-25; Jahoz Wood- 
man (vacancy), 1825; Jaboz Woodman, 1826-38; Thomas John- 
son, 1839-48 ; Elisha J. Moseley, 1849-62 ; David N. True, 1863 
Sewall N. Gross, 1864-65 ; Benjamin F. Sturgis (vacancy), 1865 
Benjamin F. Sturgis, 1866-67 ; Solomon H. Chandler, 1868-72 
Jabez H. Woodman, 1873; Isaac H. Keith, 1874-76; Joseph 
Cleaves, 1877-79. 

TREASURERS. 

Isaac Parsons, 1774; Samuel Parsons, 1775-76; Simon Noyes, 1777- 
79; Jacob Haskell, 1780-82; Isaac Parsons, 1783-89; Maj. Na- 
thaniel C. Allen, 1790-96; Isaac Parsons, 1797; Gen. Nathaniel C. 
Allen, 1798-1805; Isaac Parsons, 1806-8 ; Nathaniel C. Allen, 
1809; Joseph E. Fo.\croft, 1810-11 ; James Yetten, 1812; Israel 
Smith, 1813 ; Nathaniel C. Allen, 1814 ; Israel Smith, 1815 ; Jabez 
Woodman, 1816; Joseph E. Foxcroft, 1817-24; Aaron Eveleth, 
1825-27; Samuel Foxcroft, 1828-31; Joseph Cross, 1832-37; 
Sewall Gross, 1838 ; Joseph Raynes, 1839-42 ; Samuel Gross, 
1843-44; Sewall Gross, 1845; Samuel Foxcroft, 1846; Joseph 
Raynes, 1847-48; Sewall Gross, 1849; Solomon H. Campbell, 
1850; Joseph Cross, 1851-53; Samuel Foxcroft, 1854; Sewall N. 
Gross, 1855-58; Joel S. Morgan, 1859-60; Luke Morgan, 1861 ; 
Henry A. Fogg, 1862-63 ; R. P. M. Greeley, 1864; Sewall Gross, 
1865; Gilman Martin, 1866-67; David W. Merrill, 1868 ; Joseph 
Cross, 1869-70; Benjamin W. Merrill, 1871-75; Melville R. 
Berry, 1876 ; Benjamin W. Merrill, 1877-79. 

COLLECTORS AND CONSTABLES.* 

Abel Davis, 1774-75; David Millet, 1776 ; Isaiah Smith, 1777 ; Jacob 
Haskell, 1778; Ebenezer Collins, 1779; Ebenezer Lane, Moses 
Bradbury, 1780; Jacob Haskell, Moses Bradbury, 1781 ; Enoch 
Fogg, 1782; Lieut. Robert Bayley, Bezaleel Loring, 1783-86; 
Robert Bayley, Benjamin Haskell, Bezaleel Loring, 1787; David 
Woodman, south, Benjamin Haskell, north, 1788; Adam Cotton, 
1789-90; Adam Cotton, Bezaleel Loring, Lieut. Robert Bayley, 
1791; Capt. John AVoodman, Bezaleel Loring, Robert Bayley, 
1792-95; Robert Bayley, Bezaleel Loring, Enoch Fogg, 1796; 
Robert Bayley, B. Loring, Enoch Fogg, John Haskell, 1797; 
David Woodman, Samuel Pingree, B. Loring, 1798 ; Capt. John 
Woodman, Samuel Pingree, John Haskell, Robert Bayley, 1800; 
Capt. John AVoodman, Samuel Pingree, Joseph E. Foxcroft, 
Ebenezer Collins, Jr., 1801 ; John AVoodman, Samuel Pingree, 
Thos.B.Stinchfleld, Robert Bayley, 1802; John Woodman, Sam'l 
Pingree, William Warner, Benjamin Haskell, Daniel Cash, 1803; 
John Woodman, Samuel Pingree, AVilliam AVarner, B. Loring, 
Thomas B. Stinchfield, 1804; David AVoodman, AVilliam AVarner, 
Samuel Pingree, Godfrey Grosvenor, 1805; David AVoodman, 
AVilliam AVarner, William Hatch, Samuel Pingree, 1806 ; David 
AVoodman, Thomas Johnson, AVilliam Hatch, Samuel Pingree, 
1807; David Woodman, Thomas Johnson, Benjamin Arnold, 
William AVarner, 1808 ; Richard Tobie, Thomas Johnson, Benj.t- 
min Arnold, William AVarner, Moses Merrill, 1809; Richard 
Tobie, Jr., Thomas Johnson, Moses Merrill, 1810; Richard Tobie, 
Jr., Joseph Raynes, Jr., AVilliam AVarner, Simeon Parsons, 1811 ; 
Richard Tobie, Jr., Joseph Raynes, AVilliam AVarner, Samuel 
Cushman, 1812; Richard Tobie, AVilliam AA'arner, Moses Merrill, 
Jr., Capt. Thomas Johnson, 1813; Richard Tobie, William War- 
ner, Thomas -Johnson, Moses Merrill, John Harris, Jr., 1814; 
Richard Tobie, Moses Merrill, Thomas H. Tobie, Joseph Raynes, 
Jr., Thomas Johnson, 1815; Richard Tobie, Moses Merrill, Thos. 
H. Tobie, Joseph Raynes, Jr., Thomas Johnson, AVilliam AVarner, 

^ The first named is both collector and constable, the other; son- 
stables only. 



1816; Richard Tobie, Jr., Moses Merrill, Jr., Joseph Raynes, 
William Warner, Robert Novcns, 1817; Richard Tobie, Jr., 
Zenas Briggs, Joseph Raynes, AVilliam AVarner, Robert Novcns, 
1818 ; Robert Nevcns, John Harris, Joseph Raynes, AVm. AVarner, 
Job White, 1819; Samuel Cushman, Robert Nevens, Joseph 
Raynes, Job AVhite, 1820 ; Richard Tobie. Jr., Solomon Melntire, 
Joseph Raynes, Job AVhite, Joseph Manning, 1821 ; Richard 
Tobie, Jr., Solomon McIntirc, Joseph Raynes, Samuel Pierce, 
Jr., 1822 ; Levi Tobie, .Solomon Melntire, Joseph Raynes, Sam'l 
Pierce, Jr., 1823 ; Samuel Cushman, Solomon Melntire, Levi 
Tobie, Joseph Raynes, Daniel Collins, Samuel Pierce, Jr., 
1824; Capt. Moses Stinchfield, Joseph Raynes, Daniel Collins, 
Samuel Pierce, Jr., 1825-26; Moses Stinchfield, 1827-28; 
Samuel Fcxcroft, Moses Stinchfield, 1829; Samuel FcxcroR, 
Benjamin Hamilton, 1830; Samuel Foxcroft, Benjamin Ham- 
ilton, Thomas Johnson, 1831 ; Joseph Cross, Daniel Foxcroft, 
Thomas Johnson, 1832; Joseph Cross, Thomas Johnson, 1833; 
Joseph Cross, Thomas Johnson, Joseph McIntirc, 1834; Joseph 
Cross, Thomas Johnson, Nathaniel Brackctt, 1835; Joseph Cross, 
Thomas Johnson, Zebulon AVitham, 1836; AVilliam AVhite, Jr., 
Joseph Melntire, Thomas Johnson, Joseph Cross, 1837; Sewall 
Gross, Thomas Johnson, 18.38; Joseph Raynes, 1 838-40 ; Joseph 
Raynes, Thomas John.son, 1841-42; Samuel Gross, Thomas H. 
Tobie, Benjamin AVebber, 1843-44; Sewall Gross, Thomas John- 
son, 1845; Samuel Foxcroft, Thomas Johnson, John Hatch, 
Thomas H. Tobie, Daniel Collins, AVilliam Proctor, 1846 ; Daniel 
Collins, John Hatch, Joseph Raynes, Thomas H. Tobie, Moses 
True, Thomas Johnson, 1847; Joseph Raynes, Thomas Johnson. 
James Merrill, John Hatch, John M. AVebster, 1848; Daniel 
Merrill, 1849; Amaziah D. Harris, John Hatch, Thomas John- 
son, Stephen L. Harris, James Merrill, Moses True, Jr., 1849; 
Daniel Merrill, Thomas Johnson, Daniel Collins, Thomas H. 
Tobie, John AV^. AA'ebster, 1850; Joseph Cross, Thomas Johnson, 
Daniel Collins, Samuel Lunt, John Hatch, Lucius Woodman, 
1851; Joseph Cross, Daniel Collins, Thomas H. Robie, Thomas 
Johnson, John Hatch, 1852 ; Joseph Cross, Solomon A. Plum- 
mer, Thomas Johnson, Daniel Collins, Thomas 11. Robie, John 
Hatch, 1853; Samuel Foxcroft, Daniel Collins, S. A. Plummer, 
John Hatch, Thomas H. Tobie, S. L. Harris, 1854; Sewall N. 
Gross, Thomas .Johnson, John Preble, S. N. Gross, Solomon A. 
Plummer, 1855 ; Sewall N. Gross, Benjamin AV. Merrill, Thomas 
H. Tobie, George AV. Plummer, David II. Harmon, 1856; Sewall 
N. Gross, Benjamin AV. Merrill, T. H. Robie, Benjamin AVebster, 
1857; Ephraiui S. AVhite, Stephen L. Harris, Sewall N. Gross, 
T. H. Robie, 1858; Joel S. Morgan, S. N. Gross, AVilliam Has- 
kell, 1859; Joel S. Morgan, S. N. Gross, T. H. Tobie, Luke Mor- 
gan, 1860; Luke Morgan, Isaac Fuller, Thomas H. Tobie, AVil- 
liam Haskell, 1861 ; Henry A. Fogg, AVm. Haskell, Jr., Bcnj. AV. 
Merrill, James Merrill, 1862; Henry A. Fogg, Wm. Haskell, Jr., 
1863; R. P. M.Greeley, AVilli.am Haskell, Jr., 1864; Sewall Gross, 
AVm. Haskell, 1865; Gilman Martin, Sewall Gross. 1866; Gilman 
Martin, A. C. Shaw, 1867; D. AV. Merrill, Gilman Martin, AVm. 
Haskell, 1868 ; Joseph Cross. Artcmas S. Carsley, David AV. Mer- 
rill, 1869 ; Benjamin AV. Merrill, D. AV. Merrill, J. Cross, 1870; 
Benjamin AV. Merrill, AVm. Haskell, Gilra.™ Martin, 1871-72; 
Benjamin AV. Merrill, 1873-74 ; Benjamin AV. Merrill, Charles P. 
Haskell, Joseph Cross, George AV. Plummer, 1875; Melville R. 
Berry, B. W. Merrill, Wm. Taylor, George AV. Plummer, 1876; 
Benj. W. Merrill, Joseph G. Bennett, Henry A. Fogg, M. R. 
Berry, 1877-78; Benj. AV. Merrill, Joseph G. Bennett, Henry A. 
A. Fogg, B. F. AVoodbury, 1879. 

RELIGIOUS. 
CONGaEGATIONALIST CHURCH. 

Rev. Samuel Foxcroft, the fii-st settled minister of New 
Gloucester, graduated at Harvard College in 1754, and w;is 
ordained at the Fort, amid much merry-making, by Rev. 
Thomas Smith and Rev. Samuel Deane, Jan. 16, 1765, in 
the presence of about 40 families, constituting the inhabi- 
tants of the town at that time. But 8 of these united as 
members of the church then organized. John Tufts, Jabez 
True, Daniel Merrill, Moses Woodbury, William Stevens, 



332 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Peleg Chandler, and Ebenezer Mason were of this number. 
In 17(50, 61 persons joined in buildinj; a meeting-house. 
Each pew-holder bought liis share and erected his own 
pew, surrounded by high wooden walls and railings. Rev. 
Mr. Foxcroft ceased preaching in 1786, in consequence of 
opposition from a majority of the town, and Rev. Nathan 
Church, of Bridgton, supplied his place in 1787, after 
which he resumed the charge until 1791. Rev. Wait 
Cornwall preached in 1791 ; Rev. Nathan Bradstreet, 
1792-93; and Rev. James Boyd in 1798. In 1800 the 
General Court proceeded to arraign them for having no 
established preacher. The subsequent pastors were Elisha 
Mosely, ordained 1802, died 1826 ; Benjamin Rice, ordained 
1828; Samuel II. Shopley, ordained 1838; Ncwall A. 
Prince, ordained 1848; Charles Packard, installed 1854; 
Wellington R. Cross, installed 1865, discharged 1873; 'J. 
G. Leavitt, 1876 to 1879. 

Beacons. — Micah Walker, 1778; Daniel Jlorrili, John 
Sawyer, Israel Parsons, to 1825. 

The first Free-Will Baptist meetings recorded were held 
June 18, 1780, and on the 26th of that month the 
ordinance of baptism was administered. By 1786 they 
had so increased in numbers, in connection with the Uni- 
versalists, as to defeat the established Congregationalist 
Church in town parish-meeting by 2 votes, and subse- 
quently to prevent the establishment of a regular minister 
by that body. Ebenezer Lake and Nathaniel Haskell 
were among the earliest members. The church organized 
during that year, and in 1803 met in council at the house 
of Rev. Ephraim Stinchfield, where they assumed the name 
of ''General Provisional Anti-Pedobaptist Church," under 
which name they were incorporated in June, 1805. Wil- 
liam and Thankful Megquier, Sally Witham, Betsey Wood- 
man, and Eliplialet Haskell, who was made first clerk, were 
embodied under the name of the Monthly Meeting of New 
Gloucester, and soon received additions to their number. 
Nathaniel Ford, of Gray, was made deacon ; both towns 
being connected in the organization. Meetings were held 
at Elder Ephraim Stinchfield's, from 1787 until 1809^ 
and afterwards in a school-house, until the erection of the 
church in 1837, when the church was reorganized. Wil- 
liam and Thankful Megquier were the only old members 
then living. Elder H. Chandler succeeded Elder Samuel 
Colley as pastor in 1827. The subsequent pastors have 
been Revs. Jonathan Tracy, 1837; Joseph H. Phinney, 
1838-41 ; George W. Haskell, 1842; James Libby, 1844; 
Smith Fairfield, Franklin Merrill, E. T. Weeks, 1844-45; 
Josiah Keene, 1846 ; Amos Redlon, 1847 ; James Crookett, 
Aaron Ayer, 1847-48; Isaac Libby, 1849; Wm. P. Nevins, 
1851; Asa F. Hutchinson, 1852; Josiah Keene, 1857- 
58; Samuel N. Royal, 1859 ; Benjamin P. Parker, 1861 ; 
1862 to 1806 no pastor; M. W. Burlingame, 1867; A. 
S. McLean, 1868; H. Whitcher, 1870; Asu F. Hutch- 
inson, 1871-75; II. S. Morgan, 1876; Seth Perkins, 
1877-79. 

Deacons. — Nathan Ford, 1803 ; Jonathan Haskell, 1839; 
Freeman Carslcy, 1837-58 ; David Jordan, 1869 ; Owen 
Bailey, 1870-73 ; Henry Curamings, John B. Bennett, 
1875-79. Present Clerk, Melvin Clark. 



FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. 
The first mention of Baptists in the town was in 1780. 
Rev. Henry Smith and Rev. Nath. Lord, from York 
County, were the first Baptist preachers in this, then new, 
settlement. On June 26, 1780, occurred the first bap- 
tismal service, from which time meetings for the worship 
of God were regularly held in the town by those favorable 
to the Baptists. In 1781, Rev. James Potter, a pioneer to 
the Baptists in the interior parts of the State, and instru- 
mental in laying the foundation of many of the churches, 
organized a church here of about 20, a part of the mem- 
bers residing in Gray. The Calvinist Confession of Faith 
and Covenant were adopted. Mr. Job Macomber, a li- 
cen.sed Baptist preacher from Middleboro', Mass., was the 
first minister who continued with them. He was followed 
by Mr. Nathaniel Merrill, who was subsequently ordained 
at Gray, Oct. 2, 1787, and served the church quite accept- 
ably several years. The General Court of Massachusetts 
passed an act in June, 1790, incorporating them as a re- 
ligious society. But from the beginning there was a di- 
vision among the members in regard to the doctrines of 
Calvinism and Armenianism, which finally resulted in a 
separation and dissolution of the church, and a new or- 
ganization was effected Oct. 16, 1794. Rev. Isaac Case, 
of Readfield, preached the sermon of recognition. The 
original members were John Warren, Stephen Washburn, 
Jame.s Stinchfield, Robert Herring, John Stinchfield, 
Job Haskell, Levi Hersey, Isaac Gross, Abigail Warren, 
Sarah Stinchfield, Anna Bradford, Sarah Gross. John 
Warren was chosen deacon, and Isaac Gross clerk. Rich- 
ard Tobie and Dorothy Francis were added by baptism. 
Rev. Robert Low became the first pastor in 1800. The 
church grew slowly, but a house of worship was built in 
1811, which subsequently was purchased for a town-house, 
when the new house was built, in 1837. A parsonage was 
built in 1853. 

In some periods of its history the church has been very 
prosperous, having large congregations on the Sabbath and 
many additions to its membership. Several of the deacons 
have filled prominent places in town afl^airs for successive 
years, and have been noted for their ability and fidelity as 
well as their piety. Through death and removal the num- 
ber of members has been greatly reduced,- — the present 
number being only 54, with Rev. James N. Studley as 
pastor ; Jacob Roe, Deacon ; Sewall Gross, Clerk. 

The following have served the church aspastore: Rev. 
Robert Low, 1800-1807; Rev. Daniel D. Lewis, 1809- 
10; Rev. Robert Low, 1815-20; Rev. Adam Wilson, 
1824-27 ; Rev. Enoch W. Freeman, 1827 ; Rev. Robert 
C. Starr, 1828-36; Rev. Alvan Felch, 1836-42; Rev. 
Joseph Ricker, 1843-47; Rev. William 11. Watson, 1847 
—48 ; Rev. Mylon Merriam, 1850-51 ; Rev. John Rounds, 
1852-60 ; Rev. T. J. B. House, 1860-62 ; Rev. Cyrus H. 
Carleton, 1863; Rev. Lebbeus Kingman, 1864-65; Rev. 
Richard J. Langridge, 1866-68 ; Rev. Walter Chase, 1870 
-71 ; Rev. Henry Stetson, 1872-74 ; Rev. James N. Stud- 
ley, 1878. The following have been ordained to the min- 
istry : Robert Low, 1800; Daniel D. Lewis, 1809; Enoch 
W. Freeman, 1827; Alvan Felch, 1836; John Rounds, 
1852; Charles H. Rowe, 1861. There have been licensed 






THE FIRST R£i> LRtoTED 81 ISAAC PaRSONS IN 1752 







••4*"'-t«'U;;,„ ' 



. ^^- 



RESIDENCE OF CH/^S. p. HASKELL , New GLOUCESTER, Maine. 





OTIS C. NELSON, 



MRS. OTIS C. NELSON. 



( PHOTOS BV W CURTIS LIWISIOM ML ) 







m 


iV:^ 




Rlsidlncl Of ot;s C nelson ,New Gloucester, Me. 



TOWN OF NEW GLOUCESTEK. 



333 



by the church as preachers, Jonathan K. Smith, 1809 ; 
Eobert II. Noyes, 1831 ; Charles II. Rowe, 1857; Edwin 
A. Wormwood, 1868; Howard C. Kowe, 1872. The fol- 
lowinn; have served as deacons : John Warren, David Nel- 
son, Isaac Gross, William Grover, Charles C. Haskell, Otis 

C. Gross, David Allen, Paine Merrill, Josiah Grover, 
Prentice C. Woodman, Sylvanus C. Rowe, Amasa Wharff, 
Daniel L. Tobie, Isaiah Nevins, Jacob Howe. Post clerks, 
Isaac Gross, Jabez Woodman, Otis C. Gross, Charles C. 
Haskell, Prentice C. Woodman, Sewall Gross. 

UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. 

The Universalist doctrine began to exhibit soon after the 
arrival of Rev. John Murray, in 1770, but there was no 
attempt to " poll off"* until 1783, when Solomon Atwood, 
Nathaniel Bennett, Micah and John Webber, and others 
joined themselves together in forming a body which aided 
in outvoting the Established Church in 1786, and in 1789 
were so numerous as to receive their share of the parish 
money. Rev. Thomas Barnes, the first Universalist min- 
ister settled in the State, followed his Gloucester, Mass., 
friends to their Eastern home in 1798, traveling and preach- 
ing until 1802, when he was ordained in Gray, January 6th, 
by Rev. Zebulon Streeter. Rev. Mr. Barnes continued to 
preach to them until the sickness which terminated his life 
in 1816. 

April 16, 1805, Jonathan Bennett, Jr., Isaac Blake, 
William Hatch, Joseph Pennell, Isaac Parsons, John and 
Robert Mayall, and 42 others, inhabitants of Gray, New 
Gloucester, Pejepscot and Poland, were incorporated as the 
First Universalist Society of Christians, of New Gloucester. 
Lieut. Robert Bayley was moderator of the first meeting ; 
Reuben Barnes was elected clerk, and Nathaniel Bennett 
treasurer. Through the exertions of their minister. Rev. 
Mr. Barnes, who was a member of the Legislature irom 
Poland, the burden of supporting a church with which they 
could not fellowship was removed from all denominations 
within the State. A building was erected at Gray Corners, 
in 1839, and dedicated in autumn by Rev. Zenas Thomson, 
and occupied about twenty years, after which it was sold to 
the Baptist society of that place. A church was organized 
in 1840, and 10 new members were baptized. 

The ministers have been Elbridge W. Locke, settled in 
1839, and ordained in New Gloucester, in 1840; Elbridge 
Wellington was pastor 1841-43; David T. Stevens, 
1841-49; and Rothens M. Byram, Hiram P. Osgood, 

Horace J. Bradbury, Poster, Amos Hitcliings, Wm. 

A. Drew, S. H. McAllister, Anson Titus, Jr., J. H. Weeks, 

D. L. R. Libby, S. 8. Fletcher, George G. Hamilton, 1876 
to 1879. 

SCHOOLS. 

The first school-house in the town was built by the 
proprietors, in 1764. John Stinchfield, David IMillet, 
Ebenezer Mason, and Isaac Parsons were made school com- 
mittee, and Samson Colbey hired to teach school. Another 

* Persons wishing to withdraw from the parish in which they lived, 
and support the doctrine of their choice instead of the established 
one, were required to poll, or file their names on the town clerk's rec- 
ords, with proof of a public teacher or minister under whose teachings 
they already worshiped. This was termed polling olT from the parish. 



school-house was built near the mill, in 1778. In 1777 
the school money was divided into four parts, and school kept 
in the house of Adam Cotton. £250 were appropriated in 
1778. There were 5 districts in 1790. In 1803 the school 
lands were divided among 8 districts, but subsequently 
formed into a school fund, amounting to §4939.93, in 1815. 
In 1803, $600 were appropriated for a grammar school in 
four parts of the town. The district sy.stem was abolished 
in 1877, and the schools are managed by a committee of 
three, one of whom is elected each year. There are 1 1 
school-houses in the town, valued at §5000. The number 
of school children in 1878 was 443, of whom 308 were 
registered on the school rolls. School Committee, 1879: 
Rev. J. G. Leavitt, Charles P. Haskell, George G. Pierce. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Dr. Russell, 1776 ; William Brigham, 1792 ; Benjamin 
H. Mace, 1827 ; Joel S. Stevens, 1828; Symoiids Baker, 
1829; Timothy Little, J. D. Sturgis, A. Q. Marshall, and 
John I. Sturgis, 1879. 

LAWYERS. 

Hon. William Widgery, one of the most prominent men 
of his time, was first elected a representative to the General 
Court of Massachusetts, from 1787 to 1796 ; held the office 
of State Senator in 1794. He was a representative in the 
Twelfth Congress of the United States in 1810, where 
he voted for war in 1812 ; and was judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas until his death, in 1832. 

Ezekiel Whitman practiced law in New Gloucester from 
1802 to 1817, when he removed to Portland, and became 
chief justice of the Supreme Court of Maine. A. K. Paris 
and Josiah W. Mitchell read law in his office while here. 

Nathan Weston, late judge of the Supreme Court, came 
in 1806; removed in 1809. 

Gen. Samuel Fessenden began practice here in 1809, 
and remained eight years. Peleg Chandler, a .student in 
his office here, became judge of the Court of Se.ssions in 
1809, and afterwards moved to Augusta; he died in 1848. 

William Bradbury was an early lawyer. 

SOCIETIES. 

FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS. 

Camherland Lodgi;, No. 12. — The charter of this, the 
third lodge of Masons organized in Cumberland County, 
bears the date of June 13, A.D. 1803, and is signed by Isaiah 
Thomas, M. W. G. M., and John Proctor, G. Sec. of the 
Grand Lodge of Massachusetts. At the first meeting, held 
Aug. 2, A.L. 5803, the following were installed officers : R. 
W. Ezekiel Whitman, Master ; Joseph E. Fo.xcroft, S. W. ; 
Nathaniel Jcnks, J. W. ; Peleg Chandler, Jr., Sec. ; Na- 
thaniel C. Allen, Treas. ; Samuel Sweet, S. D. ; Israel 
Smith, J. D. Samuel Pingree, Thomas B. Stinchfield, and 
Rev. Jabez Woodman were initiated in November, 1803. 
A orand installation of a full list of officers took place at the 
Congregational meeting-house, September 24th, 37 visiting 
Masons being present. An address was delivered by Rev. 
Daniel Weston, a Mason, of Gray. Three of this lodge — 
Simeon Greenleaf, Samuel Fessenden, and Jabez True— have 
been Grand Masters of Maine. During the auti-Masouic 



334 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



movement, from April 25, 1831, to Jan. 11, 1844, there 
was no labor in this lodge recorded. A building and hall was 
erected by them, in 1852, at Upper Gloucester. Contribu- 
tions have been made to the militia and the Bible Society 
of Maine, besides their own charities. Officers: Dr. John 
I. Sturgis, W. M. ; John D. Anderson, S. W. ; Wm. A. 
Knight, J. W. ; George H. Goding, Sec. 

INDEPENDENT ORDER OB' GOOD TEMPL,.\RS. 

Kiiiffsljiir^ Lodge, No. 24, instituted Dec. 18, 1877, with 
34 members. Officers : Charles F. Harris, W. C. T. ; Mrs. 
E. M. Morgan, W. V. T. ; B. B. Legare, Chap. ; John M. 
Lane, W. Sec. ; Frank H. Merrill, W. F. Sec. ; Mrs. A. D. 
Merrill, W. Treas. ; Laurentus Lane, W. Blar. ; H. L. P. 
Eveleth, P. W. C. T. 

MILITARY. 

SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 

John K. Smith, enlisted June 12, 1775 •, was in the re- 
inforcement at Bunker Hill ; at Ticonderoga in 1777 ; made 
lieutenant and adjutant of Col. Titcomb's Massachusetts 
regiment ; participated in the capture of Burgoyne ; win- 
tered at Valley Forge, under Washington ; fought at Mon- 
mouth, in command of his regiment; discharged, after eight 
years and seven months' service, in 1783. 

Aaron Bird, served yi Maj.-Gen. Heath's division, and 
was enrolled as lieutenant in Shays' Rebellion. 

Zachariah Fletcher. 

William Widgery, lieutenant of privateer under Capt. 
Nathaniel Thomp.son. 

Capt. Benjamin Hammond, killed at Ticonderoga. 

Thomas Millctt, Jr. 

Benjamin Hammond, Stinchfield, Mathews, 

spies, captured in Canada and released by a woman. 

Capt. Isaac Parsons' company, mustered into service in 
May, 1776, for eight months' service in Col. Prime's regi- 
ment, under Brig.-Gen. Wadsworth. 

First lieutenant, Ichabod Hanson ; second lieutenant, 
George Roberts. 

Drummer : Peter Smith. 

Sergeants: Benjamin Haskell, Josiah Wallace, Benjamin 
Trott, Asa Libby. 

Corporals: Moses Harris, Jacob Brown, Walter Simon- 
ton, William True. 

Privates: John Bayley, John Chandler, Nathaniel Chase, 
Ephraiui Chamberlain, Joshua Clark, Philemon Collins, 
Abraham Cleaves, James Chute, Samuel Crockett, Henry 
Dyer, Paul Dyer, Joiin W. Davis, Isaac Eveleth, Jacob 
Elliott, Isaac Foster, Edward Flint, George Hayes, Jere- 
miah Hanson, Benjamin Herring, Jonathan Hayden, Eze- 
kiel Hackctt, Andrew Jordan, George Knight, Joshua 
Lane, Samuel Lord, James Leavitt, Thomas Mitchell, 
James Mitchell, Thomas Mayberry, Levi Morse, Ebenezer 
Mason, John\^Ieg(juier, Eleazer Parsons, Ephraim Stinch- 
field, James Stevens, Enoch Slrout, Micah Small, Elisha 
Small, George Strout, Samuel Tobin, Barnabas Winslow, 
John Winship, Zebulon York. 

WAR OF 1812. 
Lieut. Thomas Johnson, Jr., served under Generals 
Hampton and McComb. 



MILITIA. 

Two companies of infantry, one of riflemen, one of cav- 
alry, and one of artillery have been formed in this town. 
In the days of the Revolution, even boys were made to 
train with the bow and arrow. Among the militia officers 
have been, — 

Generals: Nathaniel C. Allen, brigadier-general, 1778; 
Samuel Fessenden, major-general ; Charles Megquier, 1842 ; 
Otis C. Gross. 

Colonels: Moses Merrill, 1778; Joseph E. Foseroft, 
1813; Isaac Parsons, John Webber, 1814. 

Majors: Nathaniel Eveleth, Samuel Pierce, Solomon H. 
Chandler, Otis Nelson, Richard Tobie, Job White. 

Captains: William Harris, 1774; Jacob Haskell, Jr., 
John Woodman, 1791 ; Nathaniel Eveleth, 1792 ; Bildad 
Arnold, 1794; Jabez Cushman, 1801; Thomas Johnson, 
1813 ; Jonathan True, Walter Johnson, 1818 ; Moses 
Stinchfield, 1825; Peletiah Lyon, William Haskell, Rev. 
Elisha Moseley, chaplain, 1806. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



JOSEPH B. HAMMOND, 

son of George and Martha (Baker) Hammond, of New 
Gloucester, was born April 8, 1825. He is the third in 
a family of ten children, five of whom are now living. 
His father, born March 11, 1797, was one of the leading 
representative men of the town. At the age of eighty lie 
was as active as a young man. He was killed by the cars, 
near Lewiston, in March, 1877. He, Jo.seph B., received 
his education in the common schools of New Gloucester, 
supplemented by one term at the academy at Lewiston 
Falls. By his first marriage he had eight children. For 
his present wife he married Catherine Hobart, daughter of 
Thomas and Elizabeth Eastman, of Dennysville, Me. After 
his first marriage he moved to Bethel, Me., and engaged in 
the lumbering business, where he remained for six years. 

In 1861 he enlisted in the 5th Maine Regiment of In- 
fantry, and after serving a few months was discharged on 
account of sickness. In 1863 he removed to New Glou- 
cester and settled on the David Eveleth farm. In the spring 
of 1864 he recruited a company for the 32d Maine Vol- 
unteer Infantry, of which he was lieutenant, and in April 
he started for the front in charge of a battalion of si.^ 
companies of this regiment, which was attached to Burn- 
side's corps of the Army of the Potomac. He was in 
active service in the battles of the Wilderness and Spott- 
sylvania. He received the first promotion in the regiment 
— to the rank of captain. 

He served till October of that year, when his health 
again failed, and he again resigned. He went to Lew- 
iston, where he lived three years. He then returned to 
New Gloucester and purchased the old homestead where he 
now resides, a view of which may be seen elsewhere in this 
work. 

In politics he has always been a Republican, but was 
never an office-seeker. Both he and his wife are consistent 
church members. 




a^y-Cy, 



y^A 



6rxL(yy^ 



U 



TOWN OP NEW GLOUCESTER. 



335 



JOSEPH E. FOXCROFT* 

is a descendant in the sixth generation from Daniel Fox- 
croft, who was born in England, and was mayor of Leeds, 
A.D. 1G66, and was a descendant of Robert Foxcroft, a resi- 
dent at Foxcroft-shire, in 1327, during the reign of King 
]<]dward IIL Francis, son of Daniel, born Nov. 13, 1657, 
settled in Boston, Mass., as a merchant; married, Oct. 3, 
1G82, Elizabeth, daughter of Judge and Deputy-Governor 
Thomas Danforth, of Cambridge, Mass. He held a colonel's 
commission, and was judge of probate. He removed to 
Cambridge, where he died Dec. 31, 1727. He was pious, 
and of the faith of the Church of England. 

Joseph E. Foxcroft was born in New Gloucester, March 
10, 1773 ; married. May 3, 1801, Hannah, daughter of Ben- 
jamin Stone, of Brunswick. His ancestral line, stretching 
back unbroken to 1327, is dotted all the way down by 
pious and worthy names, — names known and honored by 
England's kings and England's people before the continent 
of America was fairly discovered. Not to go farther back, 
we find his grandfather. Rev. Thomas Foxcroft, for many 
years a highly useful and reputable minister of the First 
Church in Boston. His father, Samuel Foxcroft, was the 
first and worthy pastor of the Congregational Church in 
New Gloucester, where he settled in the ministry, in Janu- 
ary, 1765, an educated and elevated, also a truly pious and 
godly man. The son, Joseph E., was not unworthy of his 
ancestors. While yet a young man we find him o'er- 
marching the bounds of ordinary business, purchasing a 
township of land in the wilderness, his only access to it 
being on foot, finding his way by compass and spotted 
trees. Bowdoin College, of which he purchased, imposed 
as a condition the settlement of twenty-four families within 
a given period. By his efficiency and good management 
the families were secured and the town.ship became his. The 
population increased ; they sought incorporation ; and, not 
because he was chief owner, but especially because of the 
esteem in which the inhabitants held him, they petitioned 
that the town should bear his name, so that witii the pleas- 
ant and flourishing town of Foxcroft, in this State, his name 
will probably be associated to the end of time. Though 
not then a professed disciple of the Saviour, yet the early in- 
habitants of the town were incited and encouraged by him 
to meet together for religious worship on the Sabbath, and 
hymn and sermon-books were presented by him for their 
use. Without a doubt, to his example and influence the 
early establishment of the institutions of religion in Fox- 
croft may be greatly traced. He generously set apart three 
lots of land, one for the first minister, one for the ministry, 
and one for schools. In 1807 he was chosen to represent his 
native town to the General Court at Boston, which duty he 
performed so creditably to himself and to his constituents 
that, for the last six years of Maine's provincial connection 
with Massachusetts, he was re-elected without intermission. 
When Maine had become an independent State he was 
chosen a member of the convention for drafting a constitu- 
tion and laying the foundation of its laws as a body politic. 
In 1821 he was appointed high sherifl" of the county (Cura- 

* Samuel,* Rev. Thomas,* Francis,^ Daniel,^ Daniel,^ who was a 
descendant of Robert in the twelfth generation. 



berland), which office he held for a longer period than any 
other man has ever done, and he filled it with dignity and uni- 
versal acceptance. He was repeatedly cho.scn a member of 
the State Senate. Appointed postmaster in 1806, he held the 
office till 1841, and from youth until old age he filled offices 
of trust in his native town. He seemed always to guard 
the interests of the town as if they had been his own per- 
sonal concern. It is truth to .say that, whether a young 
man engaged in rescuing primeval wilderness from the do- 
minion of the lords of the forest, and peopling them with 
the abodes of civilization and Christianity, or filling one of 
the first offices in the county, or legislating for the interests 
of his native town in the mother State, or, after Maine had 
become a Slate, laying the foundation of her laws and policy, 
or still later sitting among her senators, we find him dis- 
charging all these duties with assiduity and faithfulness, 
and filling all these offices without reproach. 

Mr. Foxcroft was for several years a member of the Con- 
gregational Church at New Gloucester, and a liberal sup- 
porter of the .«arae. As a man he was honest, upright, and 
truthful ; genial and courteous, he ever bore about him a 
halo of joyousuess that reflected the sunshine of a hapi)y 
disposition wherever he went. As a neighbor he was kind 
and obliging even to a fault ; as a citizen he was public- 
spirited, charitable, and benevolent ; as a husband and 
father he was faithful, constant, kind, and affl'ctionate. 

His wife, born Oct. 12, 1776, died Feb. 28, 1806, leaving 
two children, viz.: Samuel, born Aug. 1, 1802 (married 
Salome, daughter of Caleb and Judith Haskell, of New 
Gloucester. They have one child, Abbie Stone, born Dec. 
16, 1857), and Hannah, born June 19, 1804 (married 
Samuel E. Crocker, of Portland, whose son, Samuel R. 
Crocker, established the Liierury Wuild, of Boston). 

For his second wife he married Abigail, daughter of 
Abijah and Mary Hammond, of Boston. The result of 
this union was an only daughter, Abigail Catherine Mary 
Foxcroft, born July 23, 1812, and who now resides upon 
the old homestead, a view of which may be seen in this 
work, and was the first two-story house built in the town, 
and has been known as the Foxcroft homestead for mure 
than a century. 



JOHN MORGAN, 



son of John M. and grandson of Luke Morgan, was born 
in the town of New Gloucester, Aug. 8, 1789. 

In 1779, Luke Morgan, a native of Gloucester, Cape 
Ann, Mass., with his family of three children, John M., 
Sarah, and Martha, settled on a farm in New Gloucester. 

John M., born April 20, 1765, reared a family of seven 
children, viz., John, Mary, Sarah, Luke, Lydia, Susan, and 
Martha ; all of whom grew to manhood and womanhood. 
None of these children are now living, except the subject 
of this sketch. 

John JL married Sarah Tarbox, of New Gloucester; she 
was born Aug. 28, 1763, and died April 17, 1863, aged 
nearly one hundred years. He died in 1842, aged seventy- 
seven years. 

John spent his youth on the farm and in the common 
school. 



336 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



On Feb. 5, 1818, he married Surah, daughter of Kim- 
ball and Sarah (Pearse) Ramsdell, of New Gloucester. She 
was born Nov. 18, 1791. The result of this union was; 
Mary, born Jan. 21,1819, married Samuel 0. Cobb, of New 
Gloucester; Elizabeth P., born Oct. 15, 1820, died Nov. 




PI... to. l.y CciKint. 



JOHN MORGAN. 



5, 1842; Harriet K., born July 19, 1822; Charles M., 
born Dec. 10, 1824, married Mary E. Locke, of Wood- 
stock, Me. ; Elisha M., born Oct. 28, 182G ; John F.,born 
Sept. 24, 1829, now a Congregational minister in Portland. 
Mr. Morgan remained on his father's farm till he was 
twenty-nine years of age, when he purchased a part of the 
farm where he now resides, and which has for the past 
thirty years been carried on by his son, P^iisha M. Morgan. 
In politics he was first a Whig, and afterwards a Republican. 
Both he and his wife are members of the Congregational 
Church of New Gloucester, of which he was a deacon for 
six years. 



OTIS C. NELSON. 



Thomas Nelson, the emigrant, born in England in 1613, 
settled in Rowley, Mass., in 1631, and died there, 1702. 
His descendant, David, came from Milford, Mass., about 
the year 1787, and settled in New Gloucester, Me., on the 
farm now owned by his grandson, Otis C. Nelson. He 
was a prominent and worthy citizen, and one of the organ- 
izers of the Calvinist Baptist Church of that town in 1818, 
and familiarly known as Deacon Nelson. He was a man 
of great hospitality, and especially so during the early 
history of the country, when tlie stranger and missionary 
always found a welcome to his home. He was a soldier in 
the Revolutionary war, and was at West Point at the time 
of Arnold's treasonable act. He was a representative in 
the General Court of Massachusetts, 1812-15, and was 
a captain in tlie old State militia. He is said to have 
erected the first brick house in the town, a view of which, 
with the modern improvements and spacious buildings, 
erected by the present owner, may be seen on another 
page of this work. He died April 14, 1836. Otis Nel- 



son, his son, born 1795, married first Lois G. Raymond, of 
New Gloucester, Aug. 30, 1818. Ho resided in Minnt, 
Androscoggin Co., for seventeen years, and was prominently 
identified with that town. He afterwards returned to the 
old homestead, where he resided during thp remainder of 
his life. He was a selectman for many years in New 
Gloucester; was ranked as major in the old State militia; 
and was an active member of the old Whig party, and 
afterwards of the Republican. He died Sept. 15, 1861. 
His wife died July 11, 1853, having been born Feb. 26, 
1798. Their children are, viz., Abigail R., Edwin N., Otis 
C, Charles H., and Persis T. 

Otis C. Nelson was born in the town of Minot, Jan. 29, 
1826. He received his education in the common school 
and at the Lewiston Academy, and was a teacher for seven 
winter terms. In 1848, February 14th, he married Martha 
Whitney. She died Nov. 3, 1853. In 1849 he went to 
California, where he spent seven years in the mines. Re- 
turning to the old homestead in New Gloucester, in 1858, 
January 31st, he married Julie, daughter of Hanson Bailey, 
of Now Gloucester. Of tliis union were born three chil- 
dren, — Lilian F , Charles H., and George B. 

Mr. Nelson is a representative fanner and fruit-grower, 
a man of untiring indu.stry and resolution, and a man of 
acknowledged good judgment and executive ability. He 
carries on quite largely on his farm the manufacture of 
cider-vinegar, making several hundred barrels of cider 
and vinegar every year. This business, begun by his 
fotlier forty years ago, he continues. He was formerly a 
Whig, then a Republican, and in 1863 became a member 
of the Democratic party. He has been chairman of the 
board of selectmen of New Gloucester for ten years past, 
was postmaster of the town in 1849, appointed by Post- 
master-General Cave Johnston. He was in the State 
Legislature in 1865, and was a member of the committee 
on the division of counties. In 1876 he was again a 
member of the State Legislature, and was placed on the 
committee on agriculture. He has been a candidate for 
county ofiices and for State senator, but his party being in 
the minority, he failed of election. 



CHARLES P. HASKELL 

is a lineal descendant in the fifth generation from Jacob 
Haskell, who came from Cape Ann, and was the first set- 
tler of this branch of the Haskell family in New Glouces- 
ter, Cumberland Co., Me. His grandfather, Peter Haskell, 
when quite young, came with his parents from Cape Ann, 
where he was born, to New Gloucester. Hi.s father, Peter 
Haskell, born in New Gloucester, Jan. 10, 1797, married 
Sally Pulsiver, of Poland, Me., April 1, 1823. She died 
Sept. 30, 1831, leaving four children, — JIary Parsons, Lucy 
Lufkin, Jacob Ward, and Ezekiel Whitman. For his 
second wife he married, Dec. 16, 1832, Betsey Ilawes, born 
in Wellfleet, Cape Cod, March 5, 1806, and who came to 
New Gloucester with her parents wiicn a little past two 
years of age. The children of this union were Charles 
Peter, subject of this narrative, and Thomas Hawes. Peter 




//, C-'/C^--»-'-<^<^<^!^<^-'*-^' 



TOWN OF NEW GLOUCESTER. 



837 



Haskell, while a lad of twenty-two years, went to live with 
Col. Isaac Parsons, and resided on the Parsons farm during 
his life. He was known in New Gloucester as a worthy 
citizen and a man of sterling integrity. In politics he was 
a Whig, and subsequently a Republican. He was captain 
of a company of the old State militia ; was officially con- 
nected with his town, and in 1845 was a member of the 
State Legislature. He died May 6, 1878. Charles Peter 
Haskell, born March 8, 1835, spent his minority on the 
farm where he has since resided. His education from 
books was confined to the common school. He married, 
March 5, 1868, Helen M., daughter of Hezekiah Crockett, 
whose father, Enoch Crockett, was the first of the family 
that settled in the town of Gorham. She was born March 
22, 1841. Their children are Mary Cross, Eugene Mau- 
rice, Fanny Crockett, and Frederick Peter. 

Mr. Haskell's occupation has been farming and lumber- 
ing. In early manhood he became an active and interested 
citizen in the local affiiirs of his town, and has filled the 
various offices of selectman, member of the superintending 
school committee, and moderator at town-meetings for .sev- 
eral years. He was appointed by Postmaster-General 
Montgomery Blair, postmaster at New Gloucester, which 
office he held for nine years. He cast his first vote the 
year of the organization of the Republican party, and sup- 
ported the Republican platform until 1872, when he 
strongly advocated the election of Horace Greeley, since 
which time he has been identified with the Democratic 
party. A view of his residence, formerly the residence of 
Col. Isaac Parsons, settled in 1760, may be seen on an- 
other page of this work. 



MAJOR SOLOMON H. CHANDLER. 

Edmund Chandler, the first of the family in New Eng- 
land, was of English birth, and is supposed to have come 
to America about 1630, as he resided at Duxbury, Mass., 
in 1633. 

Peleg Chandler, a lineal descendant of Edmund, born 
April 27, 1735, married Sarah Winslow at North Yar- 
mouth, Dec. 9, 1762, and settled in New Gloucester, Me., 
in 1764. He was one of eight who organized the Congre- 
gational and First Church in New Gloucester. He was one 
of the pioneers of the town. He was a man of strong force 
of character, of sterling integrity, and a well-balanced mind. 
He was a member of the General Court of Massachusetts 
from New Gloucester. Among his descendants are Hon. 
P. W. Chandler and Theophilus Chandler, prominent mem- 
bers of the Suffolk bar, Boston, and the late Charles Chand- 
ler, a leading member of the Piscataquis bar for many 
years. 

Philip, son of Peleg, born in New Gloucester, May 23, 
1767, married Deborah Hewitt, a lady of high moral worth 
and great hospitality, and died Nov. 15, 1823. He settled 
the farm now owned by his grandson, Andrew C. Chandler. 
Their children were Solomon H. (subject of this sketch),. 
George W., Mrs. Gen. Samuel Fessenden, Mrs. Freedom 
Keith, Mrs. William Meserve, and Mrs. Joseph Cross, and 
four other children, who died young. 
43 



Solomon Hewitt, son of Philip Chandler, born in the 
town of New Gloucester, Nov. 21, 1790, married, Feb. 3, 
1825, Sally, daughter of Andrew and Lydia (Hewitt) 
Campbell, and granddaughter of Andrew and Sarah (Ar- 
cher) Campbell, of New Gloucester. His wife, Sally 
Campbell, was a lady of high moral worth, and, although 
delicate in health from early womanhood, her great work 
was in the moral training of her children, and in her model, 
exemplary ways before the world. 

Andrew Campbell, the first settler of the Campbell family 
in Cumberland County, was of Scotch descent, born in 
Salem, Mass., Feb. 7, 1744 ; married Sarah Archer, Aug. 
1, 1779. She was born also in Salem, Oct. 20, 1748. 
Their children were Andrew and Mrs. Samuel Merrill. 
Andrew married Lydia Hewitt, Jan. 28, 1796. She was 
known for her excellent womanly qualities, and sympathy 
and charity for the needy. She had a vigorous constitution 
and strength of moral character, and lived respected by all 
who knew her. Her father, Capt. Solomon Hewitt, fol- 
lowed the sea for many years ; was a man of a remarkably 
robust constitution, resolution, and force of character. 

Solomon H. Campbell, son of Andrew and Lydia Campbell, 
was a man of rare financial ability, shrewd in the management 
of his own affiiirs, and equally careful of those intrusted to 
his care. His sound judgment and strict integrity were 
acknowledged by all who came in contact with him. He 
died in New Gloucester, Aug. 20, 1870, aged fifty-nine. 

Solomon H. Chandler spent his boyhood on the farm 
and at school, and although his educational opportunities 
were limited, he was a successful teacher for some three 
terms. 

Upon reaching his majority, unassisted pecuniarily, he 
started in life to carve out a fortune for himself; and 
his native energy, his resolution to carry to a successful 
completion whatever he undertook, his indomitable perse- 
verance, economy, and good judgment, so developed in early 
manhood, characterized his whole life, and gave him rank 
among the best financiers of Cumberland County. 

At the age of twenty-four he began business as a country 
merchant at New Gloucester, where, by prudent manage- 
ment, he for many years carried on business successfully, 
and laid the foundation for his future opulence. 

In 1837 he gave up his mercantile trade, and gave his 
attention to fiirming and general business, residing upon 
the old homestead after his father's death. He engaged 
quite largely in real-estate operations for many years, giving 
employment to a great number of men, and at the time of 
his decease he owned some two thousand acres of land in 
his native town. 

He possessed that strong force of character that com- 
mands the confidence of the public, and seemed able to 
comprehend future results arising from present business 
enterprises. Originally a Whig, he became a Republican 
upon the formation of that party in 1856. He always de- 
clined the emoluments of office and any political prefer- 
ment, although often solicited to represent his town in the 
State Legislature, preferring the quiet and independence of 
a business life. 

As a citizen, he was interested in the local affairs of his 
town and county, and for a time was selectman of Now 



338 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Gloucester. In the old State militia he took an active part, 
and ranked as major, by which title he was usually called. 

He was one of the original stockholders of the Atlantic 
and St. Lawrence Railroad, and director for many years ; an 
original stockholder and director of the Androscoggin and 
Kennebec, and a stockholder of the Kennebec and Penob- 
scot Railroads. In these relations he was far-seeing, and 
his quick perception and rare financial ability were recog- 
nized in their judicious management. 

He resided during his whole life in the town of his birth, 
and died Oct. 28, 1858. His wife died Oct. 7, 1837. 

Their eldest son, Solomon Hewitt, died Nov. 17, 1825. 
Two sons are living : Solomon Hewitt, born June 5, 1828, 
and Andrew C, born July 30, 1830, married, Jan. 4, 
1854, Catherine C. Cunningham, of St. Stephens, N. B. ; 
of which union have been born four sons, viz., Andrew C, 
Charles Peleg, Fred. H., and Roland C. Chandler. 

A. C. Chandler, Jr., was married Dec. 25, 1878, to Miss 
Cora E. Bean, of Readfield, Me. 



WINTHROP TRUE, 

a descendant of Henry True, who came from England and 
settled in Salem, Mass., in 1G32, and whose ancestor set- 
tled in New Gloucester in 1760, is the son of Moses and 
Martha (Pierce) True, and was born in New Gloucester 
Oct. 20, 1812. Moses, born in North Yarmouth June 15, 
1790, and Martha in New Gloucester Aug. 3, 1788, reared 
a fiimily of nine children, as follows : Winthrop, Moses, 
Elbridge, Nathan 0., Calvin S., Martha P., Lewis P., Wil- 
liam P., and Jabez, — all living but Winthrop and Moses. 
Winthrop spent his boyhood on his father's farm and in 
the common schools of his native town. On Dec. 13, 
1842, he married Ophelia T., daughter of John and Lucy 
Gooding, of Pownai, Me. She was born Sept. 17, 1814. 
The children of this union were Lucy P]., born Jan. 1(5, 
1846, married, Nov. 9, 1867, John Cunningham (they 
have one child, Alice W., born Aug. 18, 1868) ; John W., 
born Aug. 4, 1848, married, July 17, 1873, Caroline, 
daughter of Horace and Sarah Murdock, of Springfield, 



Ma.ss. (their children are Albert D., born Dec. 6, 1874, 
and Bertha 0., born June 13, 1877) ; and Anna T., born 
July 29, 1850, married, Nov. 18, 1877, Elisha C. New- 
comb, of Portland. 




Photo, by Conant. 



Mr. True was a tiller of the soil, and deemed it the 
highest honor and pleasure. In that and in the educa- 
tion and advancement of his family he spent his life. In 
politics he was a Republican, but was never an office- 
seeker. Both he and his wife were for several years con- 
sistent members of the Congregational Church of New 
Gloucester. He died Sept. 9, 1874, aged sixty-two. 

Mrs. True survives to mourn his loss, but her bereave- 
ment is tempered by the consciousness of his upright life 
and the high esteem and confidence reposed in him by all 
who knew him. 




Tiayi Kl©B!«)liTiiaE), ©MKIIE© B'y iD. W. TKUE m im&. 

POLAND, MAINE. 



NORTH YARMOUTH. 



ORIGINAL BOUNDARIES. 

The boundaries of Nortli Yarmouth originally extended 
from the white rock adjoining Falmouth northwest eight 
miles ; thence northeast about eleven miles, until intersected 
by a line running northwest from the mouth of Bungonung 
River, and from the white rock and the mouth of Royal 
River southeast to the sea. It will be .seen that these lines 
included Mare Pointy Merriconeag Neek, Sebascodegan, a 
large number of lesser islands, and Cape Small Point at the 
mouth of the Kennebec River. Mare Point was set off to 
Brunswick in 1739, Small Point to Georgetown in 1741, 
and Merriconeag Neck and the islands adjacent were incor- 
porated in the town of Harpswell, Jan. 25, 1758. In this 
act one island lying south of Great Island was omitted 
through a mistake, and it has ever since borne the name of 
North Yarmouth Island, from the town to which it origi- 
nally belonged. At a later period it was annexed to Harps- 
well. 

The township of North Yarmouth — originally called Wes- 
custoffo, the Indian name of Royal River — was granted] 
to Joseph Phippen and others in 1680; the same year 
it was incorporated as a town and its name changed to 
North Yarmouth, probably from Yarmouth in England. 
The Danforth government had then come into power, and 
President Danforth, acting under authority of Massachu- 
setts, came to Falmouth to aid in the resettlement of the 
towns which had been destroyed by King Philip's war. 
While at Fort Loyal, in the discharge of this duty, he 
incorporated North Yarmouth, adding somewhat to its 
dimensions on the west .side, as the following act will show : 

" Fort Loyal, in Falmouth, 22cl Sept., 1680. 

" For the further Inlargemcnt and Incourageraent to the settlement 
of the township, by the Governor and Company of the Massechusetts, 
on the easterly side of "Wescustogo River, on Casco Bay : It is hereby 
granted unto tbem that the waste lands lying between the said grant 
and Falmouth shall be added to the township, and also an island lying 
between the sea and said township, called New Dameras Cove. 

'* It is also hereby ordered and declared that the name of the said 
plantation shall be North Yarmouth. 

■'Thomas Danforth, /'reaideiil." 

FIRST SETTLEMENT. 

Within the boundaries of this territory a number of set- 
tlers had establi.shed themselves from thirty to forty years 
before King Philip's war. Willis mentions the names of 
" John Cousins, near the mouth of Royall's River; Thomas 
Haines, at Maquoit ; James Lane, on the east side of 
Cousins' River; Richard Bray, on Maine's Point, in North 
Yarmouth ; John Maine, at the same place ; James Parker, 
on the Kennebec River, or its neighborhood ; William 
Royall, on the east side of Royall's River, near its mouth ; 
and John Soars, probably on one of the islands. Besides 



these there were Hugh Mosier, Thomas Morris, and Thomas 
Wise, who lived somewhere in the Bay, but at what particu- 
lar place we are unable to determine, probably in North 
Yarmouth." 

Mr. Russell, in his history of North Yarmouth, mentions 
George Felt as the first settler in 1G43, at the place where 
he built his stone garrison* (Deacon Scales' place), unless 
John Phillips, of whom he bought his land, was there 
earlier, which is uncertain. Willis mentions John Phillips 
as living on the '• west side of Prcsumpscot River" prior 
to 1658, where he bought 50 acres on the lower falls, "be- 
tween said iniU falls and Richard Martin's land," of George 
Cleaves, Aug. 10, 1675, and adds, " He had previously 
lived on Broad Bay, in North Yarmouth, on a place which 
he sold before 1643 to George Felt." Phillips undoubtedly 
lived there prior to the date mentioned, but he was probably 
not the first settler. Willis says, " William Royall, the 
first of the family in this country, was settled in Casco Bay 
as early as 1636, and is probably the same person who is 
mentioned in a letter from the Governor of the New Eng- 
land Company to Endicott (1 Haz. 265) as having been 
sent over to him in 1629. He was a ' cooper and cleaver.' 
In 1643 he purchased of Thomas Gorges the point of land 
on the east side of the river which bears his name, and on 
which he then lived." This agrees with a deposition made 
by John Royal, a son of William, in Boston, July 16, 
1688, in which he states that his father had occupied the 
land "forty years," /.e., till the time he left it at the com- 
mencement of King Philip's war. 

William Royal was one of the leading men of the first 
period of settlement in Maine. He was a member of the 
General Assembly of the Province in 1648. In 1673 he 
conveyed to his sons, William and John, his land and 
buildings on Wescustogo River, in consideration of support 
for himself and his wife Phebe.f His son John married 
Eliza Dodd, granddaughter of Nicholas Davis, of York, 
and was living there in June, 1680. His son William was 
born in 1640, and died Nov. 7, 1724, in his eighty-fifth 
year. Hon. Isaac Royal, son of the second William, was 
born in 1672, resided in Antigua nearly forty years, returned 
in 1737, and died June 17, 1739. John, son of the first 
William, was taken prisoner by the Indians. His house 
was used as a garrison by order of Col. Tyng and Judge 
Stoughton. The first William Loyal was the man after 
whom Fort Loyall, in Falmouth, was named. He was one 

« The stone garrison referred to stood on Scales' I'oint (honu'-lot.< 
56 and 57), in what is now Cumberland. It was not built by (Jcurge 
Felt, but by John Phillips, previous to his sale to Felt. See history 
of Cumberland, in this work. 

t William Royal died at Dorchester, .tune Mk 1676; his wi. low died 
July 16, ie-8. 

339 



340 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



of the committee appointed by the General Assembly of 
Ligonia, to whom was referred the petition of Robert Jor- 
dan respecting the Trelawny estate, Dec. 18, 1648. 

In 1645, John Cousins lived on the neck of land which 
divides the branches of Cousin River, and owned also 
Cousins' Island. Cousins sold half of the island to William 
Bray, in 1647, and in 1651, James Lane, of Gloucester, 
moved to the farm now owned by W. Fogg, in Freeport, 
and gave his name to the island at the mouth of the river. 
John Maine lived on the Foreside, at the point which still 
retains his name, in 1652. John Holman, in 1670, lived 
on Holraan's, now Prince's, Point. In 1674, Walter Geu- 
dall and Harry Saward built the first saw-mill at the lower 
falls. Gendall lived next the Falmouth line ; Thomas Blash- 
field lived on the farm of the late Richmond Loring ; Ben- 
jamin Larrabee, on the Deacon Halpes' place; Amos Stevens, 
who married the daughter of William Royal, lived on Wolf 
Point ; Thomas Reading, on the east side of Cousin River, 
and west of Lane's farm, and William Haines on Pine, now 
called Flying Point. 

These were probably all the settlers of the first settlement 
previous to the Indian war of 1675,* or King Philip's war, 
during which the .settlements were completely broken up, 
and the settlers compelled to fly from their homes. The 
mill was burnt, and probably most of the houses, and the 
settlement remained deserted till after the peace of 1678, 
when the inhabitants began to return, and measures were 
taken for the resettlement and organization of the town. 
We have already given an account of the incorporation in 
1680, and the grant of the township that year to Joseph 
Phippen and others. We have no means of learning much 
about these grantees. Mr. Phippen was admitted an in- 
habitant of Falmouth as early as 1650. Mr. Willis says 
he probably came from Boston. He bought land of Robert 
Jordan in the northern part of Cape Elizabeth, where he 
was living, on the south side of Long Creek, in 1680. In 
1662 he was a commissioner, with George Cleaves, for Fal- 
mouth and Scarborough, and was approved by the General 
Court. 

The records commence with an order relative to the set- 
tlement of the town, dated July 13, 1681, signed by Bar- 
tholomew Gedney, Joshua Scottow, Silvanus Davis, and 
Walter Gendall, a committee " Impowered to order and 
regulate the settlement of a township granted by the Gov- 
ernor and Company of the Colony of Massachusetts, Propri- 
etors of the Province of Maine, on the northerly part of 
Casco Bay, formerly called Wescustogo, and now named 
North Yarmouth." The members of this committee were 
widely scattered. Bartholomew Gedney was a land-specula- 
tor of Salem, a physician, and judge of a court called to 
take immediate action against those charged with witch- 

* Since writing the above we find that Moses Felt was a resident of 
North Yarmouth in Ifilid. He says, in a deposition made in Boston, 
Mny 10, 17.3.'!, that llonry Sawyer built a saw-mill "upon the lower- 
most falls on the cast side of the river," before the first Indian war, 
*' which was possessed by said Sawyer till they removed from thence 
in the first war." Moses was a bruthtr of George Felt. Ho says in 
his deposition that George Felt, Francis Neal, and Jenkin Williams 
bought a large tract of land of the Indians on the Prcsumpseot River, 
part of it adjoining the lower falls, but never made any improvement 
on it. 



craft ; Capt. Joshua Scottow was a principal man in Scar- 
borough ; Capt. Silvanus Davis was an enterprising citizen 
of Falmouth ; and Capt. Walter Gendall was then a resident 
of this town. He was its first representative to the Gen- 
eral Assembly, held at York, in 1683. 

In laying out the town the committee determined that 
the place of building should be " on the land commonly 
called Maine's Point, to be ordered so in the laying out as 
to be compact and most capable of defense : it being under- 
stood that Maine's Point includes that whole neck of land 
where John Maine and John Holman formerly dwelt." 
They laid out " 10 acres of plain land in a square lot, for 
a meeting-house, burial-place, minister's house-lot, market- 
place, and school." Around this 10-acre lot a street was 
laid out four rods wide, and on this street were house-lots 
of half an acre each, and in some convenient place a com- 
mon field equal to 6 acres to each house-lot." Any two of 
the committee, with the selectmen, were authorized to grant 
lands " to such as they should entertain as inhabitants." 
A committee was appointed to procure a minister. A grant 
of land was made to Walter Gendall of 200 acres near the 
Falmouth boundary, •' and George Peirson was appointed 
recorder to the town of North Yarmouth, aforesaid." 

The town was formed in this compact little square, cal- 
culated for 24 house-lots, so as to be more easily defended 
from the attacks of the Indians. 

In July, 1681, John Royal, John York, John Harris, 
and Walter Gendall were appointed trustees to parcel out 
the land of the town to inhabitants. We .shall not attempt 
to follow the various grants made from time to time, as it 
would be impossible to do so with even an approximate 
degree of completeness. The records for many years are 
wanting, and besides, our space must be devoted to a mere 
summary view of the town history. 

In 1688 the town was again destroyed by another Indian 
war. Capt. Gendall and others were killed ; all the inhab- 
itants, amounting to 36 families, were compelled to abandon 
their homes, which they had gained at great cost and sacri- 
fice, to the merciless savages. Three houses and two barns 
belonging to Capt. Gendall were burnt, and also the saw- 
mill and grist-mill built by him. He was at that time the 
most enterprising and wealthy of the settlers. 

After the destruction of the town, nineteen years of war 
with the Indians and of uncertainty intervened before any 
attempt was made at resettlement. The saw-mill was re- 
built previous to 1719 by Nathaniel Weare, of Hampton. 
In May, 1722, upon petition of the inhabitants and others 
interested in lands in the town, the General Court apjiointed 
William Tailer, Elisha Cook, William Dudley, John Smith, 
and John Powell " a committee to regulate the settlement 
and manage the prudentials of the town for present." 
An honorable committee it was, t<io. Tailer lived in 
Dorchester, and had been lieutenant-governor of Miissa- 
chusetts ; William Dudley was a son of Governor Dudley 
and a member of the Council, residing in Roxbury ; Elislia 
Cook was a distinguished political character; John Smith 
was a merchant in Boston, and a brother of Rev. Thomas 
Smith, the first minister in Falmouth ; John Powell Wiis a 
merchant in Boston, and afterwards a resident of North 
Yarmouth, and father of Judge Powell, fir.st judge of the 




ft 



William Buxton, the eldest in the family of 
Jeremiah and Jane G. (Drinkwater) Bnxton, was 
born at North Yarmouth, Me., Oct. 28, 1796. He 
spent his boyhood at home on the farm till he was 
seventeen, when he formed a copartnership with his 
father as a ship-builder, in which business the latter 
had been engaged for several years at North Yar- 
mouth. He early interested himself in the affairs of 
the town, beginning his career as a town officer some 
time before he was thirty years of age. He filled 
every office of importance in the town ; was select- 
man seventeen years, and was its representative to 
the Legislature thirteen years. He was also for 
two years one of the Governor's council. For 
many years he was one of the trustees of the school 
fund of the town, and a trustee of North Yarmouth 
Academy. He was also a director of the Andros- 
coggin and Kennebec Railroad for one year. He 
always regarded the town as one of his special trusts, 
guarding its interests with a watchful eye, never 
losing his devotion to its affairs, until failing ener- 
gies and wasting disease began to make their sad 
inroads upon a formerly strong constitution and 



well-balanced mind. His method and accuracy in 
business was early imbibed, and fastened, by many 
years of intimacy with Gen. Edward Russell, one 
of the former worthies of North Yarmouth, whose 
systematic and careful business method he took great 
pride in alluding to as a model for town officers to 
imitate. 

On Oct. 27, 1830, he married Jane, daughter of 
Samuel and Jane Chadbourn, of North Yarmouth. 
Of this union were born two children, — Abbie A., 
born May 16, 1838, died July 19, 1860; and Wil- 
liam AI., born April 19, 1848, and died Sept. 4, 
1878. 

About twenty yeare previous to his death, which 
occurred July 27, 1873, Mr. Buxton discontinued 
his business of ship-building and settled upon a 
farm, and at the time of his death was one of the 
largest real-estate owners in the town. He was 
originally a Whig, but latterly a Democrat. 

In his death his family lost a kind and tender 
husband, a loving and indulgent father, and the 
entire county one of its most prominent and honored 
citizens. 



TOWN OF NORTH YARMOUTH. 



341 



Court of Sessions of Cumberland County. He died in 
North Yarnioutli in 1742. 

The old town records, which had been taken away at the 
comniencement of the late war, were in the hands of Capt. 
Samuel Phipps, of Charlestown, and were by order of the 
General Court taken to Boston and preserved. 

The committee held their first meeting at the house of 
John Powell, in Boston, in April, 1723, and appointed John 
Smith clerk. Under their management the ancient settlers 
and their heirs received the first attention, and these with 
new proprietors made up a settlement of 100 souls. The 
new proprietors drew their lots at the residence of James 
Parker, in North Yarmouth, in 1727. Each proprietor, to 
entitle him to a deed of his home-lot and a share in after 
divisions, was required to erect before the 1st of June, 
1729, "and well finish a convenient dwelling-house, to 
clear and fence five acres of his home-lot, and to repair to, 
abide and remain in North Yarmouth, either in person or 
by some able-bodied man, and reside there till the expira- 
tion of that time." 

In May, 1780, there were 41 houses and 12 frames. All 
expenses, including building the meeting-house, the min- 
ister's salary, and the surveying of the lands, were defrayed 
by a tax upon the home-lots, — pretty hard conditions for a 
new and poor settlement, in which the productive property 
amounted to scarcely anything. No wonder the minister, 
the surveyors, and the carpenters complained that they 
were not well paid ! The collectors also complained because 
the proprietors were unable to pay. 

The committee continued to manage aifairs for the in- 
habitants until April 6, 1733, when, upon their report and 
recommendation, the General Court passed an order author- 
izing Samuel Seabury, Esq., of North Yarmouth, to " call 
a meeting of the inhabitants as soon as may be, to choose 
.selectmen, constables, and other oi'dinary town oiEcers." 
Accordingly, a meeting was held in the meeting-house at 
which the town was duly organized by the choice of officers, 
which organization has continued without interruption to 
the present day. Samuel Seabury was chosen Moderator ; 
Barnabas Seabury, Clerk ; Jedediah Southworth, Treasurer; 
Jacob Mitchell, Joseph Chandler, and Francis Wyman, 
Selectmen ; Jacob Mitchell, Joseph Chandler, and Cornelius 
Soule, Assessors ; and Edward King, Constable. 

INDIAN DISTURBANCES IN 1746. 

In June of this year, Joseph Swett, of Falmouth, was 
killed while riding on horseback near where Capt. Andrew 
Blanchard now lives. Philip Greely was killed the same 
year, near the present residence of David True, by a party 
of Indians secreted in a gully by the road, waiting for an 
opportunity to attack Weare's garrison. It is thought that 
the life of Mr. Greely saved the garrison, as the party find- 
ing that they were discovered, abandoned their purpose of 
attacking it, and left the neighborhood. 

In June, 1748, Ebenezer Eaton was killed on the old 
road on the south side of the ledge, and Benjamin Lake was 
taken prisoner. 

Ill the spring of 1751, Joseph Chandler and Solomon 
and David jNIitchell, young lads, were captured by the 
Indians near the present residence of Mr. Oakes. The two 



oldest boys were recovered by their friends in two or three 
years, but the youngest remained a captive ten years, and 
was not restored till the general peace afler the conquest of 
Canada. 

The last attack of the Indians in this quarter was upon 
the house of Mr. Maine, at Flying Point, May 4, 1756. 
Mr. Maine was killed, his wife was wounded by a shot 
which killed a child in her arms, and a girl by the name of 
Skinner was taken prisoner. During these perilous times 
" almost everybody's house was a garrison, and every man 
carried a gun to meeting."* 

REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 
The respite from Indian wars was soon interrupted by 
the war of the Revolution. The spirit of the town of 
North Yarmouth during this period is forcibly shown by 
the following vote at a full town-meeting on the 20th of 
May previous to the Declaration of Independence, which, 
but for such hearty and patriotic support through the New 
England town-meetings, probably never would have been 
made, and but for the resolute backing they gave their vote 
when the time of action came, never could have been made 
a fixed fact : 

"Votfcl, iw.inlwously, Th.lt sliould the Honoralile Congress, for the 
safety of the United Colonies, declare their independence of the 
Kingdom of Great Britain, the inhabitants of this town do solemnly 
engage with their lives and fortunes to support Congress in the 



INDIAN GRANT. 

The question of an Indian title to lands partly in this 
town and partly in New Gloucester, involving a litigation 
which lasted till 1748, was one of the most important law- 
suits ever engaged in by the inhabitants of this town. 
Robin Hood and other sagamores had sold to Thomas 
Stevens, of Kennebec, " for a valuable consideration," a 
tract of land two miles wide on each side of the Wescus- 
togo River, from the first falls to the head, and including 
" every branch and creek thereunto belonging," in 1673, 
the deed of which was never acknowledged. Stevens sold 
the tract to Col. Gedney, of Salem, and Henry Saward, of 
York, Oct. 12, 1674, who built a saw-mill upon it, which 
was burnt in King Philip's war, and was rebuilt by Capt. 
Walter Gendall, who purchased the Indian claim of Ged- 
ney in 1681. Gedney had come into full po.ssession of it 
by foreclosure of mortgage against Saward, who had bor- 
rowed money to build the mill and had failed to pay. Gen- 
dall also, in turn, mortgaged the land to Gedney to secure 
payment of the purchase-money (£110), which he never 
paid, and in July, 1684, the whole property became Ged- 
ney's the second time. There were then on the premises 
one saw-mill, one grist-mill, one dwelling-house, with about 
four acres cleared on the east side of the river, and a hovel 
and about the same quantity cleared on the west side. All 
these were destroyed by the Indians in 1G88, and Nathaniel 
Weare, who had purchased one-third of the claim, built a 
third saw-mill. 

Soon after the town was resettled, in 1722, the proprie- 
tors (disregarding this Indian claim) laid out upon it 
the " 120acre divisions" and the " 280-acre s([uadrons," 

* Mrs. Clough, iiuotcU by Mr. Russell. 



342 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



amountinij; to about 7000 acres of land. Subsequently, in 
1730, a number of persons appeared as proprietors of the 
tract, some of whom had bought into it for purposes of 
speculation, — people from Boston, London (England), and 
other parts of the country. They brought an action and 
obtained judgment " for partition to be made of and in a 
certain tract of land, lying partly within and partly adjoin- 
ing the town of North Yarmouth, containing about 
100,000 acres of land, with the buildings and appurte- 
nances thereunto belonging," bounded as described in the 
Indian deed to Stevens. Partition was accordingly made, 
in which one-sixth was set off to Peter Weare, son of Na- 
thaniel Weare, and one-si.\th to Joseph Fellows. 

The proprietors of North Yarmouth, in 1730, probably 
with a design of testing the Indian title, granted to Samuel 
Seabury and Jacob Mitchell " so much of the river at the 
lower falls as may be needful for a grist-mill," and 10 acres 
adjoining. Seabury and Mitchell built the mill, and it 
appears that Weare had some share in it; but in 1733, 
Nathaniel Emmes commenced an action against the owners 
and recovered judgment and costs. Not discouraged by 
this failure, the proprietors in 17-11 commenced action 
against the claimants for that part of the claim lying in 
the Gore, and the next year another action for the 120- 
acre divisions, which actions were tried, continued, and re- 
newed until 1748, when the proprietors obtained judgment 
with costs.* Thus was it finally decided that the Indian 
title was invalid, or that Indians have no right to the soil 
in fee-simple which they can legally convey ; this principle 
has been recognized throughout the United States, and 
wherever titles are based on purchases from the Indians, 
they have been possessory titles, confirmed by the courts. 
When this (juestion, through the perseverance of the pro- 
prietors, was finally decided in North Yarmouth, the town 
was freed from a hindrance and a burden which it had long 
seriou.sly felt. The town of New Gloucester paid part of 
the expense of carrying on the suit. 

KELIGIOUS. 
FIRST CHURCH OP NORTH YARMOUTH. 

We quote from Mr. Russell's hi.story the following : 
" A tax was assessed upon the home-lots for raising 
money to build a meeting-house in April, 1729. I find 
nothing further on record, or on file, respecting it that 
year, except a proposal from a carpenter in Meiford to do 
the work. As a meeting was held in this house April 24, 
1730, to give a call to Rev. Mr. Cutter, there is no doubt 
the building was raised and the outside partly finished in 
1729. The boards were rafted from the mill at the lower 
falls, I suppose, to Larrabee's Landing, there being no road 
by which lumber could be hauled from the mill to the 
meeting-house. Five years after a committee was appointed 
to clapboard the house, and finish all except making the 
pews. In two years more a vote was pa.ssed to plaster the 
meeting-house overhead, and lay part of the floor. The 
steeple was raised the next year, and the pew-ground or- 
dered to be laid out. 

"The steeple was never furnished with a hell, but the 



* Kdwarci Russell, Tlistorv Nnrtii Yai 



inhabitants about this time contrived a substitute, for we 
find that in March, 1738, the town 'voted £5 be allowed 
Mr. Seth Mitchell for beating a drum on the hill behind 
the meeting-house, every Sunday morning and noon, to no- 
tify the time of public worship, for the year ensuing.' In 
1739, ten yeai-s after, the building was rai.sed, the pews 
were finished, and divided by lot among the proprietors of 
the house-lots. In 1762 the town voted to enlarge the 
house by putting a piece in the middle. The work was imme- 
diately commenced, and the expen.se defrayed by the sale of 
the additional pews. In this state it has remained, with 
occasional repairs, till the present time, and is, I have no 
doubt, the strongest meeting-house built of wood now 
standing in the State, and I presume the only one that was 
never lighted for an evening lecture. This house was the 
place for holding proprietors' meetings, town and parish 
meetings, a great number of years. The garret was used 
for the magazine of military stores ; the adjacent common 
was the place for military musters ; and within half a cen- 
tury the green in the rear of the meeting-house has been 
ornamented with a pair of stocks and a whipping-post. In 
1665, the town, then Wescustogo, was presented and fined 
forty shillings ■ for not attending to the Court's order for 
making a pair of stocks, cage, and a ducking-stool.' I pre- 
sume the whipping-post and stocks erected one hundred 
years after were in compliance with some statute, to avoid 
another fine. 

"Among the things which recall to our remembrance the 
fashions of former times, the ' horse-block' deserves a place 
in its history. For many years a large congregation assem- 
bled for public worship in this house, when there were not 
two carriages in the town in which persons could ride to 
meeting ; yet every horse carried as many as at the present 
time, and to accommodate the ladies a large piece of timber 
was placed at the east end of the meeting-house, about three 
and a half feet high, with steps at one end. When the 
congregation was dismissed this became the centre of a 
most animated scene. The top was immediately occupied. 
Men and boys, soon mounted, came around with the pillion ; 
the horse hardly stopped to receive his burden ; a lady was 
ready to occupy a seat behind her husband; another tossed 
a child into her lap, and the next moment was on the suc- 
ceeding horse herself. In this style half the assembly were 
in a few minutes, without confusion or disorder, on their 
way home, the horses two or three abreast, and conversation 
was carried on by the riders, either grave or gay according 
as impressions had been made upon their minds by the 
sermon of the preacher. 

" The first minister employed here, of whom we have 
any record, was Rev. Samuel Seabury, who preached from 
1727 to November, 1729. He received an invitation to 
settle here, which was not accepted. Rev. Ammi-Raha- 
mah Cutter, who began to preach here Nov. 10, 1729, and 
was ordained Nov. 18, 1730, became the first setted pastor. 
He was dismissed from the pastoral office Dec. 12, 1735, 
after which ho entered the practice of medicine, and became 
a citizen of much prominence. Rev. Nicholas Loriug, from 
Hull, Mass., was ordained Nov. 10, 1736, and remained 
the pastor of the parish until his death, July 31, 1763. 
Rev. Edward Brooks, from Medford, Ma.ss.. succeeded Mr. 



^gr ^ 




I'liutu. liy (_'«iiiint, rmilniMl. 



Of the loading pliysicians who in tiiis part of the State 
commenced tlic practice of their profession early in this 
century, no one has been more favorably known than Dr. 
Amos Osgood, of North Yarmouth, who died in that town, 
March 19, 1874, after only a week's illness. 

Dr. Osgood was born at Conway, N. H., March 23, 
1792, and received his medical education mainly at a private 
medical school at Fryeburg, instituted by Dr. Alexander 
Kamsay, a Scotchman, and a gentleman of rare medical 
culture for those times. 

The class was composed of such men as Drs. Reuel 
Barrows and Ira Towle, of Fryeburg ; Dr. Jonathan Thomp- 
son, of Conway, N. H. ; Dr. Wm. Swctt, of Brownfield,— 
men of marked character and ardent professional zeal. 

The ordinary course of lectures Dr. Osgood attended at 
(Concord, N. H., and obtained his diploma from the State 
Medical Society, at that time authorized to confer degrees. 
lie commenced the practice of medicine at Waterford, Me.; 
remained there about a year, and then removed to North 
Yarmouth, where lie continued in the active duties of his 
jirofession for over forty years, and until his failing strength 
admonished him that he should resign to other hands the 
more exacting labors of the position. He occasionally 
prescribed for and visited his old friends till within two 
years, when he expressed a lack of confidence in his dis- 
crimination of symptoms and judgment respecting treatment. 

Dr. Osgood was ardently devoted to his profession. 
While his strong common sen.se and sound practical judg- 
ment were of great value in the difficulties of daily practice, 
ho yet carefully and continually studied, seeking to make 
himself master of the theory of medicine and of the bearings 
of general science upon the profession. In conversation 
with him one could not fail to receive the impression that 
he was a remarkably intelligent practitioner. It is greatly 
to be regretted that his modesty prevented liim from re- 
porting any of the many remarkable cases which came 
viiider his care, and which, as w;ts his wont, he observed 
with unusual patience and thoroughness. 

The poor and destitute always found a friend in Dr. 



?^ 



fj-^i^^ 



0.sgood, and it can bo fairly said of him that ho never re- 
fused his professional services even where there could be no 
compensation expected. He would often say that ho 
thought it more incumbent upon him to attend on such 
calls than those from wealthier patients. Although always 
pressed by the urgent activeness of a wide practice. Dr. 
Osgood found time to devote due attention, as a citizen, to 
public aflFairs. Often solicited to take office, he never did 
so but once, being elected by a large majority, and serving 
with much credit in the House of Representatives in 1862. 
In town and parish affairs he always maintained a lively 
interest, and ever manifested a generous and practical public 
spirit. He was a counselor of remarkable prudence, and 
his kind sympathy and wise advice were continually effectual, 
and have done much to relieve care, remove difficulties, and 
adjust differences. 

Although not a professed Christian, he was through his 
life a firm believer in the distinctive doctrines of evan- 
gelical religion, and a liberal and reliable supporter of all 
the institutions of the Gospel. He was superintendent of 
the first Sabbath-school in North Yarmouth. He was al- 
ways a strict observer of the Sabbath, and, until infirmities 
intervened, his .seat in the church was never vacant unless 
professional duties called him from it. So far as possible) 
he arranged his visits to allow him the Sabbath for its ap- 
propriate uses, and for many yeai"s before he closed practice 
he was in the habit of giving all he received for Sunday 
calls to benevolent purposes. His children recall the earn- 
estness and regularity with which he catechised them upon 
religious topics, and his habitual explanation of the Scrip- 
tures, as they read of a Sunday evening. Ho maintained 
family worship regularly, conducting it personally whenever 
he could. 

A worthy man in all tho relations of life, it would be safe 
to say that no one during the last forty years of his life 
more largely influenced the community in which he lived. 

He married, Jan. 20, 1825, Miss Lucy B. Cha.se, nf 
North Yarmouth. Of this union were born seven children, 
five of whiim are livinu'. 




^^...'-A^--^' 



Photo, by Coilant, PDrllarid. 



WiLLiAiNt Osgood, M.D., eldest son of Amos and 
Lucy B. Osgood, was born in North Yarmoutli, 
Nov. 12, 1825. He received his preparatory educa- 
tion at the Nortii Yarnioutii Academy, entered Bow- 
doin College in 1842, from which he graduated with 
the usual honors in 1846. His medical education 
was mostly received at Bowdoin and Harvard Medi- 
cal Schools, and he received the degree of M.D. at 
the former school in the spring of 1850. Since 
graduating he has remained in continuous prac- 
tice at North Yarmouth. He married, Nov. 20, 
18G0, Sarah E. Gammans, of Belfast, Me., of which 
union have been born two sons, — Henry A. and 
George G. 

Dr. William Osgood's skill and success in his pro- 
fession have earned for him an exceptionally large 
l)ractice and a wide and well-deserved popularity. 
Well read in the literature of medicine, and alireast 
with the advances of the times in the science and 
methods of the i)rofession, he is an efficient and 
honored member of the County and the State Medi- 
cal Associations, having been chosen to official posi- 
tions in these organizations. As a wise, kind, and 
conscientious medical man, the qualities in which lies 
the chief commendation of tliis vocation, those who 
know him best hold him in highest esteem and re- 
gard. A man of enlightened public spirit, he has, 
notwithstanding the exacting demands of his pi'ofes- 
sion, found time and inclination to take an important 
part in promoting social, religious, and educational 
interests. 

His townsmen have confided to Dr. Osgood a lead- 



ing share in the administration of their political and 
municipal affairs, and his discharge of the responsi- 
bilities tiuis arising has met general acceptance, and 
been marked by acknowledged enterprise, ability, and 
integrity, while from time to time his fellow-citi/ens 
have chosen him as their representative to decide and 
direct in the wider relations of politics. Holding 
his opinions with a good degree of tenacity, opposi- 
tion has sometimes, as was natural, manifested itself, 
yet ojiponents allow his courtesy and candor, and 
admit that his positions are not assumed witiiout 
thoughtful consideration. Pjconomy and judicious 
management have given him a good measure of finan- 
cial prosperity without working detriment to i)rofes- 
sional faithfulness. 

Dr. Osgood has certainly won the right to be en- 
rolled among the influential men of the county. The 
endowments, energy, and diligence by which his thor- 
ough education and subsecjuent professional standing 
have been secured are a guarantee of larger activities 
in the future, which shall continue to make good the 
reputation of the family line for talent, usefulness, 
and success. 

In politics Dr. Osgood is a Republican, and in re- 
ligious persuasion a Congregational ist. For twenty- 
one vears he was town clerk, served for several yeai's 
on the school committee, and is treasurer of the 
North Yarmouth school fund. He is pension ex- 
amining surgeon ; and, as vice-president of the State 
and president of the County INIediail Associations, 
his acknowledged executive ability gave him merited 
place among the membei-s of those organizations. 



TOWN OP NORTH YARMOUTH. 



343 



Loriiifj, his oidinatiun being celebrated in a sumptuous 
manner, July 4, 1764. 'J'lie last minister settled by the 
town, in the old meeting-house, was Rev. Tristram Oilman, 
from Exeter, N. H., a graduate of Harvard College in 
1757, who was ordained in November, 17l)!t. Rev. David 
Shepley, in speaking of Parson Oilman, says, ' Possessing 
a vigorous frame, endowed with strong features in his 
mental constitution, studious, evangelical, ever diligent and 
enterprising in the studies of his calling, he soon obtained 
uncommon ascendency over the minds of his peeple, rose to 
eminence in the vicinity, and at his departure left his strong 
impress on the place blessed by his long-continued and suc- 
cessful labors and influence.' " 

In 1791 a general revival of religion occurred in the 
neighborhood of Walnut Hill, which continued through 
the year, and resulted in a petition, in 1794, from 130 men, 
heads of families, for the formation of a separate pari.sh, to 
be called the Northwest Religious Society of North Yar- 
mouth. The bounds included in the petition became those 
of the town, by its incorporation in 1720. 



VESSELS CAPTURED BY THE FRENCH FROM 179G TO 

1800. 

Hriyn. — "Neptune,'-' Capt. Bela Blanchard : and " Ca.«siji," Capt. 
Allen Drinkwater. 

Schooners. — '* Union," Capt. Samuel Larrabee: "Retrieve," Capt. 
Joseph Chandler ; "Dispatch," Capt. William Cutter; "Centu- 
rion," Capt. Philip Greely J " Lucretia," Capt. William Young. 

Si(tof)s. — "Farmer," Capt. Asa tJreely ; ".lane," Capt. Nathaniel 
Mitchell. 

NORTH YARMOUTH PRIVATEERS. 

The following is a list of the vessels sailed or partly 
manned and owned by the people of North Yarmouth 
previous to the close of the war of 1812-14, with the dates 
of their commission : 

Schooners. — "Mary," July 7, 1812, 22 tons, 2 guns, 14 men ; Joseph 
Sturdivant, master; Reuben G. York, mate. " Keaper," April 
17, 1813, 206 tons, 6 carriage guns, 75 men; Ephraim Sturdivant, 
master; Andrew Blanehard, mate. *' Ilsley," 1-13 tons, 6 guns, 
75 men j Ephraim Sturdivant, master; Andrew Blanchard, mate. 
"Pilot," July 9, 1813, I'J tons, 2 guns, 8 men; Joseph Sturdi- 
vant, commander; John Underwood, lieutenant. "Lucy," Dec. 
22, 1814, 25 tons, 1 carriage gun, 26 men ; John Babson, com- 
mander; Perez Drinkwater, lieutenant. Also the "Mars," 
"Morning Star," "Yankee," "St. Michael," "Favorite," "Lilly," 
" Partridge," " Rover," " Parrott," " Anson," " Revenge," " Su- 
perb," " Orange," " Lively," " Washington," " Fly." 

liriys. — " Rapid," " Leo," " Clio," "John Champlain," " Grand Turk," 
"Dash," Capt. William Cammet, first commander, 16 men; lost 
at sea, under Capt. Porter, with all on board. " Leopard," com- 
missioned May 29, 1813, 226 tons, 5 carriage guns, 22 men; 
Pbineas Drinkwater, commander; Benjamin Rich, lieutenant. 

Sloops.—" Satisfaction," about 1798, 100 men ; John Stevens, captain ; 
Joseph Drinkwater, first lieutenant and owner. " Razor," 3 tons, 
1 carriage gun, 6 men; Joseph Sturdivant, owner and master. 

Ships. — " Hyder AH;" " Invincible," previous to ISOO the " Fame," 
Capt. John Rush; "Butler," Capt. Elliott Deering; "George," 
Capt. Jonathan Stone; "Portland," Capt. David Harding; 
"President," Capt. William Crabtroe; "Portland," Capt. John 
Dicks. 

THE PRIVATEER SLOOP "SATISFACTION" 

was purchased by Lieut. Joseph Drinkwater and fitted out 
as a privateer, 1778. She cruised on the coast of Ireland, 
and was in some engagements. 



Officers and Crew. — Captain, John Stevens; first lieutenant, Joseph 
Drinkwater; second licutmanl, John Dartlett ; lieutenants of 
marines, fi'-st, Richard Thomas: second, Ezekiel Loring; master, 
James Brown; sur geon. T humiis Flint; mate, Thomas Brewer; 
prize-mates, Thomas Dolibec, Benjamin Tucker, Nathaniel Lee j 
boatswain, Samuel Knox; boat.<wnin's mate, William Atkins; 
gunner, .'^amuel Dunlap : gunner'.- mate, William Patterson: 
musicians, John Bartlelt, Jr., drummer; John Wormstead, fifcr: 
steward, Nathaniel Pierce : cook, Joi^eph Brown ; carpenter, 
Aaron Sutlers: cooper, John Cumber; crew: Abel Bathoriek, 
Philip Season, Elias Briars, Andrew Brewer, Thomas Brewer, 
Increase Blelfin, David Carter, Daniel Chapman, John Caswell, 
James Clerk, William Clark, Robert Deveric, John Dally, Ben- 
jamin Dodd, .John Ellis. Richard Evans. Amos Grant. John 
Grant, John Green, John Gray, .lohn llilbert, Robert Harslet, 
Abijah Hitchins, Jonathan Harrick, John Hooper, John Ham- 
mon, Benjamin James, Robert Johnson, James Jackson, Francis 
Jarvis, Timothy Kirabiill, Edmund Langford, Downing Lee, 
John Laroy. John Lewis, Francis Moscar, John Miller, Thomas 
Mebraid, William Murphy, Robert Nulling. Edward Newhall, 
Robert Newhall, Nathaniel Nichols, James Nash, Edward Noah. 
William Orchard. Thomas Oliver, Andrew Peltroc, William Roe, 
Sylvester Stevens, Jonathan Sawyer, John Scarlett, Nathaniel 
Tibbetts, John Thates, David White, Albn Whitford, James 
Wheeler, Thomas Wormstead; boys: J()hn Bubien, caj»tain's 
elerk; Azariah Allen, James Dunlap, Amos (irandy. Benjamin 
Hanover, Jacob Lucker, Nathaniel Pierce, Jr.. John Price. 

SOLDIERS OF THK REVOLUTION. 
The following soldiers in Capt. John Gray's company. 
Col. Jonathan Mitchell's regiment, in the Penobscot Ex- 
pedition, enlisted July 7 to Sept. 12, 1719 : 

Captain, John Gray ; first lieutenant, John Soule; second lieutenant, 
Ozias Blanchard ; sergeants, Joseph Luden, James Pittce, Robert 
Anderson, .lames Rogers; quartermaster's sergeant, Ezekiel Lor- 
ing ; corporals, Samuel Talbot, James Crocker, Calvin Carver, 
John Winslow ; musicians, Jacob Brown (drummer), David Wood- 
ward, Jr. (fifer) ; privates, Nathaniel Aldrich, James Anderson, 
Seth Blanch.ard, William Bu.\lon. William Bradbury, Ephra im _ 
Brown, Joseph Brewer, Geoi'ge Bartol, Thomas Burrows, Daniel 
Carter, Amaziah Delano, John Davis, Joseph Davis, Abner Den- 
nison, John Drinkwater, Jr., Josiah Dill, Benaiah Fogg, Joseph 
Humphrey, Amos Harris, Ezekiel Hackett, Josh Lake, John Lee, 
Samuel Lawrence, Nathaniel Mitchell, Daniel Mitchell, Jr., Levi 
Marston, Jacob Merrill, Jr., John Oakes, Thomas Pearson, Jr., 
Edward Parker, James Pomeroy, Isaac Royal, William Ring, 
Moses Roberts, Josiah Reed, John Swectser, Barnabas Soule, 
Richard Stubbs, Thomas Sylvester, William Soule, William True, 
Burril Tuttle, Zcbulon Tuttle, Jonathan True, Edward Titcomb, 
Jr., Comfort Videto, Benjamin Winslow, Josiah Wyraan, Daniel 
Worthly, Peter Wear, Joseph Williams, Nathaniel Weeks. 

The following signed receipts for blankets delivered them 
by the town committee when with their commands in the 
Continental army, April 12, 1777 ; 

William Adkinson, Daniel Brown, Benjamin Br own , Moses Brown, 
.lames Curtis, Nathan Johnson, William Lawrence, Jonn Law- 
rence, Joseph Lincoln, John Mitchell, Jacob Royal, Samuel Win- 
throp Royal, William Royal, Starbird Turner, Jonathan True. 

Jacob Bradbury, aged sixteen, Capt. Blanchard's company. Col. Rus- 
sell's regiment, enlisted March 28, 1781. 

Capt. Samuel Larrabee, Dr. David Jones, surgeon. 

John Baghdineer, aged eighteen, Capt. Soule's company, Col. Russell's 
regiment, enlisted Jan. 9, 1782. 

Samuel Baker, aged nineteen, Capt. Brown's company. Col. Russell's 
regiment, enlisted .Ian. 8, 1782. 

Joseph Towns, Capt. Brown's company. Col. Russell's regiment, en- 
listed JIarch 7, 1782. 

WAR OF 1812. 

The following enlisted Septoniber, 1814, and were as- 
signed to Fort Burroughs : 



344 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Captain, Daniel Mitclicll ; lieutenant, Auinsa liaker; ensign, Benja- 
min Heriick ; sergeants, Jeremiah Mitchell, Jacob Blanchard, 
John True, Nathaniel liacon, William Waistcoat; corporals, John 
Soulc, Gushing I'rince, Reuben Brown, John M. Russell; musi- 
cians, Phincas 8oulc (drummer), Asa Bisbee (fifor); privates, 
Elisha Allen, Isaac Allen, John Bracket, Cyrus Blanchard, Joseph 
Burton, Ephraim Batchcldcr, Rufus Batchelder, David Bosworth, 
James Brown, Samuel Beak, John Clough, John W. Collins, 
Eben Corliss, Benjamin Delano, Bzekicl Delano, Tristram Drink- 
water, John R. Drinkwatcr, Ammi Denuison, Benjamin Fogg, 
Jacob Favor, David Gray, Joseph Griffin, Stephen Hall, Willard 
Hall, Ebenozer Jordan, John Kelly, Gershom Lincoln, Seth L. 
Lufkin, Seth Lambert, William Leighton, Charles Loring, Levi 
Lang, .Joseph Low, Daniel Mitchell, Jr., John Meservcy, Timo- 
thy Mitchell, Samuel Merrill, Thomas Marston, Robert C. Max- 
well, Thomas Nason, John Xewbegin, Benjamin Porter, James 
Parker, Richard Parker, William Parker, Reuben Reed, Win- 
throp Royall, Samuel Soulc, Isaac Soule, Isnac Skillings, David 
Shaw, William Smith, Levi Sweetsir, Salatbiel Sweetsir, Samuel 
Sweetsir, John Swazey, John Snell, Daniel Staples, Reuben Skill- 
ings, James Skillings, Enos Sawyer, Benjamin Soule, William 
Thompson. Edward Thompson, Benaiah Titcomb, Jr., Enoch Tit- 
comb, Beuaiah Titcomb, William Tyler, Zebulon Tyler, Bailey 
Talbot, Alpha Trebou, Jacob Winslow, James Whitney, Lemuel 
Wyman, Asa Wortbley, John Whitcomb, Jeremiah Walker, John 
Whitehouse, John Young. 

YARMOUTH GUARDS. 

The following enlisted Sept. 11 to 18, 1814, and were 
assigned to Lieut.-Col. Samuel Baker's command : 



Corporals, Solomon Winslow, John Seabury, Benjamin Pratt, William 
Seabury, Francis Yeaton, Levi H. Moulton, Solomon Winslow, 
Philip Lorry, William M. Drinkwater, John Sargeant, David 
Lawrence, John Pierce, Enos Storer, Simeon Prince, Ammi 1{. 
Mitchell, Jeremiah Blaisdell, John Winslow ; privates, John 
Blanchard, Nathaniel Beals, Benjamin Brown, James Bishop, 
Willijim Batchelder, Ephraim Batchelder, Ebenezer Corliss, 
Charles Cutter, John R. Drinkwater, William C. Davis, Ammi 
Davis, Jeremiah Davis, James Field, .Joseph Grouse, Rufus 
Gooch, Thomas Gooch, Benjamin Goooh, Rufus Goooh (2d), Reu- 
ben Humphrey, Samuel Hatch, Jeremiah Loring, Samuel Lovell, 
George Lewis, Jeremiah Mitchell, William Pettee, John Prescott, 
John Pierce, John Ross, Peter Ross, Isaac Ross, John Russell, 
M'illiam Sampson, David Seabury, Henry S. Swazey, Nathaniel 
Swazey, Benjamin Seabury, Charles Stubbs, Peter Scott, Samuel 
True, Jacob True, Edward True, Bradbury True, Bradbury True, 
Jr., Nathaniel True, Benaiah Titcomb, Joseph Thomas, Thomas 
Wentworth, John Winslow, Thomas Wade, John Wilson, John 
Young. 

May 4, 1812, Joseph Thomas, Is<aiah Mitchell, Thomas Gooch, Joseph 
Smith. 

July 26, 1814, Benjamin Seabury, Joseph Smith. 

Sept. 8, 1814, Asa Bisbee, fifer, and the company required to be in 
readiness. 

Detached from the Militia for Aetice .Jc/'iv'ce.—Capt. Edward Brewer, 
Capt. Joseph Batchelder, Lieut. James Brewer, Lieut.-Col. Sam- 
uel Baker, Capt. Jacob Chase, Sergt.-Maj. John Hayes, Capt. 
Jacob Johnson, Capt. Seth Mitchell, Capt. Jacob Merrill, Muj. 
George Rogers, Capt. Benj. Soule; Ensigns Israel True, Nathan 
Weston ; Capts. Skillins, Leighton, Dennison. 



OTISFIELD. 



GRANT OF THE TOWN. 

The town of Otisfield originally extended to Harrison 
village and the outlet of Long Pond, and, including the 
greater part of Ilarri.son and Naples, was originally granted 
to the officers and soldiers of Capt, John Gorham's com- 
pany, in 1771, for services in the Canada expedition of 
1690. Thirty families were to be settled within six years, 
a meeting-house built, and four shares of one sixty-fourth 
each of the lands of the grant were to be set aside for the 
grammar school, Harvard College, for the first settled 
minister, and for a perpetual fund for the support of the 
ministry. 

The unsettled state of public affairs delayed settlement 
until after the war, when returned soldiers, inured to 
hardship and privation, sought homes in the new country 
" to the eastward of Saco River," 

In 1774, James Prescott and Stephen (jiorliam were sent 
from Boston to compel the town of Raymond to fix the 
boundary lines between the two towns ; and George Peirce 
was induced to build a mill at Edcs' Falls, then in the 
southern part of Otisfield, as an encouragement to settlers. 
" In the confusion of the times occasioned by the British 
invasion, in 1773, the proprietors' book was lost." So reads 
the first page of the subsequent record. In October, 1776, 



a meeting of the proprietors was held at " The Bunch of 
Grapes," in Boston, and a second drawing for lots took place, 
in which lot 116 was drawn for the college, 120 for the 
ministerial, and 71 for the school fund. It was then voted 
that the town previously called " Parkcrstown" be given the 
name of Otisfield, and George Peirce be appointed to survey 
and establish the lines of the lots. 

FIRST SETTLERS. 

The land comprised a dense forest, approachable only on 
foot or by boats, rising in high broken ridges, between which 
were numerous ponds, confined above their natural level by 
the industrious beaver, whose dams still mark the old " mea- 
dows," or remain secreted in the timber at the outlet of the 
remaining ponds, which has grown .since they were aban- 
doned. Benjamin Patch arrived at Mr. Peirce's May 17, 
1776, after a four days' journey from Groton, Mass., making 
that his home while hunting and trapping beaver in the 
ponds and meadows. In 1779 he selected lot 92, on the 
western slope of the high hill now known as Meeting-House 
Hill, as his future home, spent the fall in clearing laud, 
piled his log heaps while boiling sugar the next spring, and 
in June of 1780 planted the first crop raised in the town. 
Daniel Cobb, who was driven from Naples through fear 



TOWN OF OTISFIELD. 



345 



of Indians, moved in the same spring, and located on the 
top of the hill. His son, the late Rev. William G. Cobb, 
born at Edes' Falls, Oct. 14, 1779, and Levi, son of Ben- 
jamin Patch, born Nov. 21, 1782, were competitors for the 
prize of 100 acres of land donated to the first male child 
born in the town. The land was awarded to Levi Patch, 
as an actual resident. He was afterwards the first postmaster 
of Otisfield. 

In 1778, Joseph Spurr, with his sons, Enoch and Samuel, 
settled at Spurr's Corners. Zebulon Knight settled on the 
hill near Mr. Cobb, and was joined by Jonathan Moors, an 
old soldier, in 1779, Noah and Samuel Reed locating a 
mile to the northeast about the same time. Ebenezer Kemp 
and John Fife also came in 1779. 

A committee was sent to Otisfield during this year, to see 
if the conditions of the grant were being complied with, 
and in 1780 Dr. Davis Ray was sent to erect a saw- and 
grist-mill. In the woods, a few rods below Mr. Holden's 
mills (where the outlet of Saturday Pond flows through a 
crevice in the rock, then takes a plunge of thirty feet), the.se 
mills, the first in the town, were erected. This became the 
central place for business, and at one time supported two 
stores, but the mill was suflFered to decay, and, after 1845, 
the business was transferred to Bolster's Mills and Spurr's 
Corners. 

Lieut. Joseph Hancock (a cou.sin of John Hancock, of 
the Continental Congress) settled, with his two sons, Joseph, 
Jr., and Thomas, at the head of Parker (now Pleasant) Pond, 
where his grandson, C. P. Hancock's store, now is. Thomas,- 
David, and Daniel Thurston located, in 1779, beside the 
beaver meadow, a mile south of the Spurrs ; Mrs. Thurston 
attending at the birth of William G. Cobb in that year. 
Samuel Whiting located in the south part of the town, and 
in 1782 3Iark Knight came. The proprietors were noti- 
fied that their lands would be sold at auction for not being 
settled. More time was finally granted, and in 1784 Joseph 
Wight settled at the head of a beaver meadow, near " the 
willow-tree," with his sons, Joseph, Jr., Benjamin, Thomas, 
and Nathan. Samuel Scribner settled on Scribner's Hill, 
in the south ; Jonathan Britton and Benjamin (father of 
Joseph and Ireson) Green northwest of Saturday Pond ; 
and in 1787 David Kneeland, Samuel Gammon, and Deacon 
Stephen Phinney had joined the settlement. 

On petition of Dr. Davis Ray, Benjamin Patch, Joseph 
Hancock, Jonathan Moors, and Samuel Gammon, a meeting 
was held. May 15, 1787, at the house of Deacon Phinney, to 
organize a plantation government. The officers chosen were 
David Ray, moderator of the meeting; Joseph Wight, Jr., 
clerk ; David Ray, Benjamin Patch, Noah Reed, assessors ; 
Jonathan Moors, collector. 

In 1795 the following persons had also become residents 
of the plantation ; Joseph Cotes, Nathaniel and William 
Edwards, William Gammon, Elias and Rowland Hancock 
(a second family of the name, who settled south of Bolster's 
Mills), Oliver Hapgood, Stephen Johnson, Robert and 
Henry Knight, Ebenezer Kollock, David Mayberry, Joseph 
Mor.se, Dan. Morse (the first blacksmith in the town), 
Edward Scribner (who came in 1791) and his sons Joseph, 
John, Samuel, and Willoughby (settled on the highest land 
in the south of the town), Jonathan Smith, John Sawyer, 
44 



Elisha, Thaddeus, and Simeon Turner, George Walker, 
Zachariah and Thomas Weston, Nathan Haskell ; in 1796, 
lohabod Whithani, Nathan Nutting, John Holden ; and by 
1808, Thomas Edes, Dennis Lovewell, William Anderson, 
John and Richard Lombard, Barney and Thomas Sawyer, 
Benjamin Stevens, Timothy Jordan, Peter and Samuel 
Wardwcll ; Zach. Morton, Robert Anderson, Edwin, Joseph, 
and Daniel Scribner were annexed, with their lands joining 
Oxford County, formerly called Philip's Gore, in 1803. 

In 1795 there were but 15 houses and 19 barns in the 
town ; George Peirce owned 2 horses, and 19 others owned 
1 each. Among the 66 voters there were but 226 acres 
of cleared land, exclusive of the beaver meadows which 
had been partially drained, and furnished excellent pasture 
or hay. A careful canvass, made in the fall of that year, 
shows the entire potato crop to have been 86 bushels. 

Many of the early settlers were soldiers of the Revolu- 
tion, and the greater number from the vicinity of Groton, 
Mass. In 1812 their de.scendants readily anticipated the 
need of the government for troops, and chose Capt. Daniel 
Holden, Grenfill Blake, Oliver Pierce, Silas Blake, and Ben- 
jamin Wight a committee of safety. A patriotic pledge, 
breathing the spirit of the great declaration, was signed, 
and the citizens responded cheerfully to the first call for 
troops with men already organized as minute-men. The 
oldest settler is John Edwards, who came in 1816, camped 
three years, brought his family in 1819, and is still living 
in the north part of the town at the age of ninety-one yeara. 

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST. 

On the high hill where Daniel Cobb and Jonathan Moors 
settled, and the first two children were born, the first church, 
since replaced by a more modern one, was erected in 1797. 
Saturday, Pleasant, and Thompson's Ponds, and the distant 
Sebago Lake, were the only openings then visible in the 
wide expanse of timbered valley now broken by farms and 
numerous villages, and the high range of hills circling the 
county to the north and west were barely visible through 
the tops of the surrounding trees. Across the road the 
well-filled churchyard, selected by the proprietors as a bury- 
ing-ground in 1781, contains the remains of Major Moors, 
Joseph Wight, Benjamin Patch, and Levi Patch, the first 
child of Otisfield ; Dr. David Ray, first physician of Oti.s- 
field ; Samuel Scribner, Joseph Weston, " a soldier of the 
Revolution," and many other early settlers. The first male 
child born in the town — Elder Wm. G. Cobb — rests in the 
little cemetery south of East Otisfield, beside Pleasant Pond, 
with the early dead of his family. Half a mile or more to 
the south is the old first church, deeded to the town in 1845, 
and moved to its present position by Capt. Otis Fernald, 
Capt. Roland Holden, and Lyman Nutting, who removed 
the lower portion, but left the main features. Still farther 
to the south, but in sight of the town-house, a large willow- 
tree spreads its branches over the road. 

Rev. Thomas Roby, the first minister, brought from Mas- 
sachusetts two willow-sticks, when he first came to Otisfield 
in 1796. One he cut in pieces and planted on his own 
farm, the ministerial lot, between Johnson Knight's corner 
and Ray's mill. The other he gave to Mrs. Abigail Wight, 
who cut it in three pieces, two of which she planted on her 



346 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



own place. The third she gave Dr. Joseph Wight, who 
planted it in front of his residence. The latter is the tree 
referred to at the close of the preceding paragraph. 

The South Otisfield cemetery is honored by the grave of 
William Edwards, one of the first settlers, who died in 
1847, aged ninety-four years, and others who shared with 
him the hardships of pioneer life. 

At Spurr's Corners, Mark Knight and David Thurston 
each donated half an acre of land, previous to 1801, to 
form the ground where they are buried. A smaller yard, 
two miles to the west, was opened after. 

Elmwood Cemetery, near the church at Ray's Mill, com- 
prises three acres of land donated by Deacon Eliphilas 
Wight. It was incorporated in 1869, and is the most 
beautiful cemetery in the town. The other principal bury- 
ing-grounds are the Scribner ground, south of East Otisfield, 
containing many old granite stones with the simple initials 
and date, among which is " E-S" (Edwin Scribner) " A- 
G-101-". The East Otisfield cemetery of the Wight 
family, and the North Otisfield, where are buried John and 
Capt. Elisha Lombard, David Sawyer, Timothy Jordan, and 
other pioneers. There is also an old cemetery two miles 
north of East Otisfield, and a small family ground a few 
rods east, near the lake, containing the grave of Nathaniel 
Lamb, who died in 1850, aged seventy-one. 

VILLAGES. 
EAST OTISFIELD, 

on Thompson's Pond, contains the saw-, grist-, and shingle- 
mill of Stephen D. Jilson, established 1850, on the site of 
the old Scribner mill, J. D. Wight's blacksmith-shop, store 
of Horace A. Hall, established 1828, a school-house, and 
six dwellings. Mails are received by stage tri-weekly, con- 
necting with Oxford and Portland. Horace A. Hall, post- 
master. 

bolster's mills, 

in Oti.sfield, contains ten dwellings, I. H. Stuart's lumber- 
mill, the Hancock House, M. Hancock, established 1859, 
and F. Chute's blacksmith-shop. It is a part of the main 
village in the adjoining town of Harrison. 

spurr's corners, 
the Otisfield post-oflttce, contains a church, school, the 
store of R. G. Scribner, closed in 1878, 17 dwellings, 
Bangs & Co.'s clothing manufactory, established 1871 , shoe- 
shop of Benjamin Stone, Jr., established 1874, and half a 
mile east of the corner the store of C. P. Hancock, estab- 
lished 1849, and the carriage-shop of E. A. Holbrook. 
Mails from Oxford Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, 
and from Portland the alternate days. R. G. Scribner, 
postmaster. 

Nearly three miles south, on the Mayberry place, is the 
Oriental Mineral Spring, a new and popular resort for 
invalids. 

INCUliPUKATIUN. 

In pursuance of the act of incorporation of the town of 
Otisfield, passed by the Mas,sachusetts Legislature Feb. 19, 
1798, a warrant was issued to Benjamin Patch, yeoman, 
for a meeting to be hold at the public meeting-house, May 
28, 1798. At this meeting, David Ray was cho.seu Mod- 



erator ; Enoch Spurr, Clerk ; David Ray, Pelatiah March, 
Zebulon Knight, Selectmen and Assessors ; Lieut. Mark 
Knight, Treasurer ; George Peirce, Esq., Constable and 
Collector; Elijah Turner, David Mayberry, Tithing-Men ; 
Capt. P. March, Jonathan Moors, Nathan Burnam, Fence- 
Viewers. 

A strip, 410 rods wide, was annexed to the northeast side 
in 1803; that part of the original grant west of Crooked 
River was taken oflf in 1805 ; a part of Naples was taken 
oiF in 1834 ; and 47 acres were added to the east in 1858. 
The surface, which is low, broken, and well timbered, in- 
cludes Little, Moo.se, Saturday, and the greater part of 
Pleasant Pond. Otisfield is the most northerly town in 
Cumberland County. It is bounded on the north by Nor- 
way, in Oxford County, on the east by Oxford, Thompson's 
Pond, and between 350 and 400 acres of land not incor- 
porated in any town,* on the south by Caseo and Naples, 
and on the west by Harrison, Crooked River forming the 
boundary line. 

CIVIL LIST. 

SELECTMEN. 



1787 
1788. 
1789. 
1790 
1791. 
1792- 
1794. 
1795. 
1796- 



1798, 
1799, 
1800, 
1801- 
180:i, 

1804, 
1805, 
1806, 
1807, 
1808. 
1809 
1811. 
1812- 
1814- 
1818. 
1819. 
1820. 
1821. 
1822. 
1823. 
1824. 
1825. 
1826. 
1827. 
1828. 
1829. 
1830. 
1831- 
1833. 
1834. 



ASSESSORS OF OTISFIKLD PLANTATION. 

— David Kay, Benjamin Hatch, Noah Reed. 

— David Ray, Zebulon Knight, Benjamin Patch. 

The same were said to have held over. 
— David Ray, Zebulon Knight, .lonatlian Moor.'?. 
— The same were said to have held over. 
-93. — David Ray, Zebulon Knight, Benjamin Patch. 
— Joseph Wight, Jr., Enoch Spurr, David Thurston. 

Joseph Wight, Jr., Daviil Thurston, Jonathan Britton. 

r.— David Ray, Samuel (iainmun, Capt. Pelatiah March. 

SKLECTMEJI Oi' THK TOWN OF OTISFIELD. 

. — David Ray, Pelatiah March, Zebulon Knight. 

. — Capt. Pelatiah March, David Thurston, Jonathan liritton. 

. — Pelatiah March, Enoch Spurr, Daniel Holden. 

-2. — Enoch Spurr, Daniel Holden, Nathaniel Burnam. 

. — Lieut. Daniel Holden, Dr. Sireno Burnell, Lieut. Robert .\u 

derson, Samuel Scribner, David Thurston. 
, — Benjamin Wight, David Kay, Pelatiah March. 
, — Enoch Spurr, Zebulon Knight, Capt. Robert Anderson. 
, — Enoch Spurr, Benjamin Wight, Robert Anderson. 
. — Enoch Spurr, Zebulon Knight, Benjamin Wight. 
, — Enoch Spurr, Stephen Knight, Robert Anderson. 
-10. — Daniel Holden, Stephen Knight, Robert Anderson. 
,— Daniel Holden, Enoch Spurr. Grinlill Blake. 
-13. — Daniel Holden, Enoch Spurr, Benjamin Wight. 
-17. — Orinlill Blake, Daniel Holden, Thomas B. Chambers. 
,— Griufill Blake, Nath.an Wight, Oliver Peirce, Esq. 
, — Nathan Wight, Francis Chute, Silas Blake. 
, — Grinlill Blake, Oliver Peirce, Benjamin Wight. 
— Benjamin Wight, Oliver Peirce, Enoch Spurr. 
, — Benjamin Wight. Thomas Sbedd, Oliver Peirce. 
, — Benjamin Wight, Thomas Shedd, Francis Chute. 
—Thomas Shedd, Roland Holden, Francis Chute. 
— Jonathan Britton, Roland Holden, Benjamin Holden. 
—Thomas Shedd, Benjamin Wight, Roland Holden. 
— Roland Holden, John Phipps, John Linncll. 
—Roland Holden, Thomas Shedd. John Phipps. 
— Roland Holden, Oliver Hancock, Jonathan Britton. 
— Roland Holden, Benjamin Wight, Wyatt Turner. 
-32. — Roland Holden, Wyalt Turner, Harvey JIayberry. 
— Henry Holden, Samuel K. Anderson, Jefferson Bray. 
— Roland Holden, Henry Holden, John Hancock. 



*Tho land " unassigned to any town" is the property of Dominicu 
J. Edward.*, and has had nu resident owner for some years. It com 
prises 347 acres, on the west side of Thompson's Pond, which has neve 
been ta.xed. 



TOWN OP OTISFIELD. 



347 



1835. — Roland IloUlon, Harvey May berry, Francis Chute. 

l.S3(i. — John Hancock, Jesse Holden, Oliver Spurr. 

1837. — John Hancock, Joseph Hall, Daniel Weston. 

1838. — John Hancock, Daniel Weston, Henry Holden. 

1839. — John Hancock, Henry Holden, George W. Burrows. 

1840. — John Hancock, Paul Stone, George W. Burrows. 

1841. — John Hancock, Robinson Cook, David Andrews. 

1842. — John Hancock, Robinson Cook, Henry Holden. 

1843.^RobinsoQ Cook, Paul Stone, Samuel P. Hancock. 

1844. — John Hancock, Samuel P. Anderson, James Wight. 

1845. — John Hancock, George P. Holden, Daniel Weston, David 

Andrews, Stephen Rich."-=^ 
184G. — John Hancock, David Andrews, George P. Holden. 
184".— John Hancock, Dan. Shedd, David Andrews. 
1848.— John Hancock, David Andrews, William E. F. Linnell. 
1849. — Daniel Weston, Samuel Chambers, Samuel Spurr. 
1850.— William E. F. Linnell, Samuel Spurr, Daniel Holden. 
1851. — Daniel Weston, Robinson Cook, Ebenezer C. Andrews. 
1852. — Daniel A^'eston, E. C. Andrews, William Lamb. 
1853. — Robinson Cook, William Lamb, Johnson K. Lovewell. 
1,854. — William Lamb, Johnson W. Knight, Joseph Green. 
1855.— Daniel Weston, S. L. Andrews, Alpheus B. Lovewell. 
1856.— William Lamb, William Smith, Francis Holden. 
1857.— William C. Smith, Asa Andrews, J. K. Lovewell. 
1858 —Johnson K. Lovewell, Mark Knight (2d), William Haskell. 
1859.— William Lamb, J. K. Lovewell, William H. Lord. 
I860.— William Lamb, William H. Lord, Johnson W. Knight. 
1861.— William H. Lord, Edward Seribncr, Jesse F. Holden. 
1862.— William H. Lord, Johnson W. Knight, Jonathan Wardwell. 
1863.— William Lamb, Daniel Holden, Jonath.an Wardwell. 
1864. — Daniel Holden, Jonathan Wardwell, Jr., Darius Jonlan. 
1865.— E. C. Andrews, A. B. Lovewell, Daniel Holden. 
1866. — Robinson Cook, David D. Scribner, Joseph S. Mayberry. 
1867.— David D. Scribner, Daniel Holden, E. J. Sylvester. 
1868.— David D. Scribner, Albert F. Nutting, Daniel L. Brett. 
1869.— A. F. Nutting, D. D. Scribner, Joseph S. Mayberry. 
1870. — Joseph S. Mayberry, David Andrews, Johnson Knight. 
1871. — Johnson K. Lovewell, Daniel Holden, James Maines. 
1872. — Johnson K. Lovewell, Daniel Holden, James Maines. 
1873. — Johnson K. Lovewell, .Tames Jlaines, Moses Hancock. 
1874. — Jonathan Wardwell, Daniel Holden, James W. Holden. 
1875. — Jonathan Wardwell, Jr., James Maines, II. H. Huntress. 
1876.— Albert F. Nutting, H. H. Huntress, Fernald J. Sawyer. 
1877.— Albert F. Nutting, S. C. Barrows, Benjamin S. Skillings. 
1878. — Jonathan Wardwell, HoseaH. Huntress, Benjamin S. Skillings. 
1879.— Hosea H. Huntress, Daniel L. Brett, Fernald J. Sawyer. 

CLERKS. 

PL.VNTATIO-V. 

Joseph Wight, Jr., 1787-9U ; Enoch Spurr, 1792-93 ; Benjamin Wight, 
1794-95: George Peirce, 1796; John Holden, 1797-98. 



Enoch Spurr, 1798-1802; Sireno Burnell, 1803; Enoch Spurr, 1804 
-8: Levi Patch, 1809-17; Thomas B. Chambers, 1818; Levi 
Patch, 1819-45; Benjamin Patch, 1846-48; Johnson W. Knight, 
1849-50; Lewis H. Sawyer, 1851-55; Mark Knight, 1856; Mark 
Knight {2d), 1857-58; Lewis H. Sawyer, 1859-63; Albert F. 
Nutting, 1864-67; R. 6. Scribner, 1S68 ; Roscoe T. Green, 1869 
-72; Russell G. Scribner, 1873 ; Silas Morton, 1874-77; Horace 
A. Hall, 1878-79. 

TREASURERS. 



PLANTATION. 

Lieut. David Ray, 1794: Elias Hancock, 1795 
1796; Benjamin Patch, 1797. 



Lieut. Mark Knight, 



Lieut. Mark Knight, 1798; Benjamin Patch, 1799-lSOO; David 
Thurston, 1801-6; Thomas B. Chambers, 1807-8; Benjamin 
Wight, 1809; Daniel Holden, 1810-16; Thomas B. Chambers, 



* Through a misunderstanding on first ballot, David Andrews and 
Stephen Rich were sworn in, and the whole five candidates served 
through the year, though bitter political opjionents. 



1817; Silas Blake, 1818-19; Thomas B. Chambers, 1820-21; 
Silas Blake, 1822-27; .Tohn Phipps, 1828; Samuel P. Anderson, 
1829-31; Silas Blake, 1832; Merrill Knight, 1833-37; Thomas 
B. Chambers, 1838; John Phipps, 1839-40; Dan. Shedd, 1841; 
Merrill Knight, 1842; Samuel Chambers, 1843; Thomas Chute, 
1844-46; Samuel Chambers, 1847-50; Samuel Chambers, 1S51 
-54; Lewis H. Sawyer, 1855; Johnson K. Lovewell, 1856-57; 
Samuel Chambers, 1858; Lewis H. Sawyer, 1859-61; Silas D. 
Andrews. 1862-71; William Lamb, 1872-79. 

COLLECTORS. 

I'l.ANTATION. 

Jonathan Moors, 1787; Stephen Knight, 1788-93; Benjamin Patch 
and Stephen Knight, 1794: Stephen Knight, 1795; .l.nuilhnn 
.Moors, 1796-97: Stephen Knight. 1798. 



George Peirce, Esq., 1798-1800; Stephen Knight, 1801-2: Ca|it. 
.Jonathan Moors, 1803: Stephen Knight, 1804: John Sawyer, 
Stephen Knight (vacancy), 1805 : Nathan Wight, 1806; Capt. 
Daniel Holden, col., Stephen Knight, cons., 1807; Benjamin 
Stevens, 1808; Stephen Knight, 1809; Dr. Silas Blake, 1810: 
M.TJ. .Jonathan Moors, 1811-13; Ephraim Kneeland, 1814: Col. 
Francis Chute, 1815-21; Nathan Wight, 1822; Capt. Joseph 
Haskell, 1823; Horatio Wight, 1824; Harvey Mayberry, 1825; 
Horatio Wight, 1826: Harvey Mayberry, 1827-28; Robert Edes, 
1829-30; Emery Edes, 1831 ; Merrill Knight, Thomas J. Carter, 
cons., 1832; Merrill Knight, Thomas J. Carter, cons., 1833; 
Mark Knight, 1834; Moors Hancock, 1835; Moses Hancock, 
Reuben Sampson (vacancy), 1836; Reuben Sampson, 1837; 
Mark Wight, Henry Holden (vacancy), cons., 1838; James G. 
Warren, 1839; Dan. Shedd, 1840-41; Moses Rogers, 1842-43 ; 
Dan. Shedd, 1844-46; Job Morton, 1847; Dan. Shedd, Job Morton 
(vacancy), 1848; Thomas Shedd, 1849; William C. Smith, 1850; 
Francis Holden, 1851; William C. Smith, 1852-56; Johnson W. 
Knight, 1857-58; William C. Smith, 1859; Joseph W. Holden, 
1860-61; George F. Andrews, 1862; David D. Scribner, 1863 
-64; B. F. Skillings, 1865; Darius Jordan, 1866-67 : Moses D. 
Andrews, 1868-70; Daniel L. Brett, 1871-73; Eastman Bean, 
1874-75: Johnson Knight. 1876-77: Zebulon Knight, 1878-79. 

CHURCHES. 

CONQREGATIONALIST. 

In 1794 the inhabitants of Otisfield agreed to build a 
meeting-house, and join with the proprietors in hiring a 
preacher. Funds were colleeted, and the first church in 
the town was erected on the hill just to the east of the 
present one. In 1796, Rev. Thomas Roby came from 
Massachusetts and • began preaching to the settlers. A 
council convened at the house of Dr. David Ray, Nov. 23, 
1797. Rev. Mr. Webster, of Bradford, was chosen chairman, 
and Rev. Mr. Merritt, of Standish, scribe. Rev. Mr. Jewell, 
of Gorham, was also present. Thomas Thurston, George 
Pierce, Elisha Turner, Joseph Hancock, Joseph Spurr, 
Elias Hancock, Merriam, William, and Enoch Spurr were 
the first members. Rev. Mr. Roby w;is installed pastor, 
and continued to fill that position until Sept. 4, 1810. 
Elias Hancock was made deacon in 1798. During this 
year the church attempted by a unanimous vote to dis- 
miss Rev. Mr. Roby, for intemperance, but failed in their 
efforts, and a compromise was effected. George Pierce, 
Benjamin Patch, and David Thurston were appointed a 
committee to finish the church, which was done by June, 
1800, at a total cost of £18G 12s. In 1797 persons 
began to register their names with the clerk of the town 
to be released from this churoli, and new members were 



348 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



joined to the society each year. A second niccting-hovise 
was built beside the first in 1839, by Silas Blake, Samuel 
P. Anderson, and Levi Patch, committee, and the old one 
given up for the use of the town officers, who had shared 
in its use since its erection. Perez Chaplain became 
church clerk in 1810. Rev. Josiah G. Merrill was pastor 
from November, 1814, to November, 1830 ; Rev. James P. 
Richardson, from October, 1833, to July, 1858, and was 
succeeded by Rev. Wm. Davenport, in 1862. Philo B. 
Wilcox was pastor from October, 1865, to 1870; Charles 
Morgridge, 1870 and 1871 ; Rev. IL A. Loring, June, 
1873-74; Warren F. Bickford, 1875; Geo. H. Dunlap, 
1876; Daniel Green, 1877. Present deacon and clerk, 
Silas Morton. This church joined with the Free-Will 
Baptists in the support of their pastor, Rev. J. M. Pease, 
in 1878. 

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 
In 1799, Deacon Daniel Cobb, Chitman Cobb, Nephtali 
Cobb, and Jonathan Pepper were given certificates of ex- 
emption from the Congregational parish, and in 1802, 
James Gerrish, John Scribner, Eleazer Chadbourne, '■ so- 
ciety clerk," and Rev. Zachariah Leach are mentioned in 
the town records, and in 1804, Joseph Cates and Daniel 
Scribner. Rev. James McOrson was pastor in 1804. The 
church failed for want of support, and was again organized 
Nov. 16, 1823, in a council which convened at the house 
of Rev William G.Cobb. Andrew, Jonathan, and Han- 
nah Cobb, Eunice Morse, Betsey and Nancy Winship, were 
organized into a church, and Andrew Cobb was made clerk. 
The next spring a reformation added many to the church. 
Rev. Mr. Cobb was succeeded in 1831 by Rev. James 
Libby, who was succeeded by Rev. Gideon Perkins, in 
1833. Wm. G. Cobb remained with the church until his 
death in 1850, at the age of .seventy years. He was con- 
verted at the age of twenty-two, and baptized by Rev. Mr. 
Leach, in 1801. He preached his first sermon March 27, 
1808. He was ordained in 1824, and continued to preach 
until his death. Rev. Solon Royal assumed the pastorate 
in 1857 ; John Pinkham, 1860 ; Hubbard Chandler, 1862 
to 1865. The church was reorganized in 1869, under the 
pastorate of Rev. Joseph Hutchinson, who was succeeded in 
1872 by the present pastor, Rev. J. M. Pease, who holds 
services in the Free-Will Baptist church at East Otisfield, 
the Congregationalist church and the Union churches at 
Spurr's Corners, and east of Pleasant Pond. Deacons 
Andrew Cobb, 1830 ; John Winship, Stephen Edwards, 
1834; Albert Kemp, 1869; William Lamb, 1870. Da- 
rius Jordan has been church clerk from 1843 to 1879. 
The present membership is 71. 

Officers. — John M. Pease, Pastor ; William Lamb, 
Albert Kemp, Deacons ; Darius Jordan, Clerk, and ex 
officio Trustee. 

A free meeting-house was erected at East Otisfield by 
Thomas Jordan, John Knight, John Phipps, Methodist, 
and Henry Holden, Oliver Hancock, Baptist, trustees, at 
an expense of $1030, and dedicated by Revs. Clement 
Phinney, Z. Jordan, and Stephen Waterhouse, Jan. 9, 
1829. This became the property of the Baptist Society 
in 1869, and was rededicated by Rev. B. F. Hayes, of 
Bates College. 



The Union church at Spurr's Corners was dedicated 
Jan. 18, 1871, by Rev. Dr. Harris, of the Auburn, Me., 
Congregationalist Church, and Rev. L. B. Green. Trus- 
tees in 1879, H. P. Spurr, E. J. Sylvester, Jonathan 
Ingalls. 

THE SOUTH OTISFIELD GENERAL BAPTIST CHURCH 

was organized in the South Otisfield school-house, June 
16, 1857, by Rev. John A. Bridge and Rev. James S. 
Potter. Edward Scribner was made deacon, and John C. 
Smith clerk. Among the first members were Mrs. Scrib- 
ner, A. J. Scribner, Lydia Lunt, Louis Smith, Sarah Bur- 
gess, Dorcas Edwards, Harriet Scribner, Deborah Smith. 
Preaching has been supplied by Revs. Walter Parker, 
Thomas Strout, O. Gammon, N. L. Robinson. Nathan 
Maxfield was made trustee of the association in January, 
1878. Their church was erected in 1874, a short distance 
east of Pleasant Pond, near the Caseo line. It is at present 
occupied by Rev. Mr. Pease, of the Free-Will Baptist 
Church. 

SCHOOLS. 

In 1798, Jonathan Moors, David Thurston, and Ben- 
jamin Patcli were appointed a committee to dispose of 
timber on the school lands. That on lot 15 was sold for 
1236 ! In 1800, $70 were voted for the support of schools. 
The next year a school-house was built on the hill, and 
Joel Simmons taught the school of 1802-3. William 
Swan taught school as early as 1794-95. By act of Legis- 
lature a committee was appointed to divide the ministerial 
and school lands in accordance with the division which 
made the town of Harrison. David Ray was made chair- 
man of the board of five trustees for Otisfield, with power 
to elect their successors annually ; Nepthali Harmon was 
chairman of the similar organization in Harrison. The 
school appropriations have gradually increased from $300 
in 1813; $524 in 1842; $600 in 1854; $725 in 1800, to 
$1200 in 1868. In 1819 the school fund was $2361.50. 
In 1826 the town comprised 9 districts and 506 children. 
There were, in 1879, 13 districts, one of which is a joint 
district with Harrison, 9 wood and 3 brick school-houses, 
valued at $2300, and 308 school children, 251 of whom 
attended school; $1503 have been expended for their sup- 
port during the year, of which $880 was from tax, and 
$141 from interest on the school fund. The schools have 
been managed by a supervisor since 1876. Supervisor 
for 1879, Rev. John M. Pease. 

ASSOCIATIONS. 



Crooked River Lodge, No. 152, F. and A. M., or- 
ganized April 15, 1869. Officers, William Chute, W. M. ; 
Fernald J. Sawyer, S. W. ; William Twombly, J. W. ; 
George B. Dorman, Treas. ; Alpheus B. Lovewell, Sec. ; 
Gilman Nutting, S. S. ; Lcander Dorman, J. S. ; Jonathan 
Ingalls, Chaplain. Officers 1879, Stephen C. Jlaxfi.-ld, 
W. M. ; Jjeaiider Dorman, S. W. ; Isaac Sands, J. W. ; 
Fernald W. Sawyer, Treas. ; Alpheus B. Lovewell, Sec. ; 
S. S. SkiUings, S. S. ; Cyrus W. Stone, J. S. ; Benjamin 
Skillings, Tyler ; Alpheus B. Lovewell, Chaplain. Mem- 
bership, 67. The lodge own a hall and grounds, costing 



TOWN OF OTISFIELD. 



349 



$1000, in Bolster's Mills, Harrison, the lower room of 
which is leased for a store. 

PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. 

Otisfield Grange, No. 117, organized Feb. 27, 1875, 
with E. J. Sylvester, Master ; Sumner Spurr, Sec. ; Sam- 
uel G. Spurr, Overseer ; Otis F. Mitchell, Lecturer ; James 
Maines, Lecturer ; Henry P. Spurr, Treas. ; Elizabeth M. 
Cane, Ceres. Officers 1879, Ezekiel J. Sylvester, Master; 
Sumner Spurr, Sec. and Treas. ; Marian T. Sylvester, Ceres. 

The early merchants have been Perkins, Jonathan 

Small, at Ray's Mill ; William Swett, on Meeting-IIouse 
Hill ; Consider Hill, Ivory Tripp, John Phipps, 1820-29 ; 
Enos Woodward, Oliver and Daniel Dale, Oliver Cooley, 
and Dr. Horace Barrows, 1854. An early store was kept 
at the town-house by B. Shaw, llufus Houston, and last 
by Benjamin F. Wight, T. B. Chambers, and Samuel G. 
Scribner in 1826. John Lombard, Jr., R. G. Scribner, and 
S. L. Gilson were late merchants at Spurr's Corners, and 
W. Turner, at Bolster's Mills, 1828, to his death, 1878. 
Major Jonathan Moors kept an early tavern near the old 
church. 

PHYSICIANS. 

The physicians have been David Ray, 1780 to 1822 ; 
Joseph Wight, 1784; Sirenus Burnell, 1803^; Silas 
Blake, 1810 to his death in 1851, succeeded by his son, 
Josiah M. Blake; Albion Cobb, 1851-57; Horace A. 
Barrows, for many years previous to his death, in 1852 ; 
Jonathan Small, 1854 ; Dr. Kimball, Dr. Carter. 

LAWYERS. 
Hon. Aaron B. Holden, now judge of probate, Port- 
land, Me., Eastman Bean, Grinfell B. Holden, a native of 
Otisfield, admitted to practice in 1865, and since in the 
employ of the general government, engaged in lumbering 
in Wisconsin since 1870. 

MILITARY. 

SOLDIERS OP THE REVOLUTION. 

Lieut. David Ray, boin 1742; served until 1779: died at Otisfield, 

1822. 
Lieut. .Joseph Hancocli, Thomas Haneock. 



John Holden, Jr., born 1702; served a8 a waiter boy from the first of 

the war; died 1828. 
John Holden, born 1739; died ISOG. 
Robert Anderson, afterwards captain of militia, born 1762; died 

184fi. 
Jonathan Britton, Benjamin Green, Ebenezer Kemp. 
Mark Knight, born I'.'iO; died 1813; buried at Spurr's Corners. 
Nathan Morse, Jr. 

Enoch Spurr, born 17fil; died 1843; buried at Spurr's Corners. 
Jacob Thurston. 

Dr. Joseph Wight, a surgeon on board a privateer. 
John AVinship, died 1848, aged eighty-five. 
Jonathan Piper. 
John Knight, universally known as "Snappy"' Knight, from his 

peculiar quickness and sliarp, snapping eyes. 
•Jonathan Moors, afterwards major of militia, born 1730; died 1829. 
James Sampson, born 1764; died 18.01 ; buried at Elmwood Cemelcry. 
Joseph Weston, born 1750: died 1840, aged eighty-four. 
John Lombard, served on Lake Chainplain :ind at Ticondcroga; died 

1S53, aged eighty-nine. 

SOLDIERS OP THE WAR OP 1812. 

Drafted from militia company commanded by Capt. Levi Patch, 
Lieut. Samuel Ivnight, in 2d Regt., 1st Brigade, Dth Division, of 
which Francis Chute was lieutenant-colonel. 

Capt. John Kilborn's company, under Col. William Ryerson, drafted 
Sept. 21, 1814 ; Lieut. John Smith, 1st Sergt. Stephen Edwards, 
Mark Jordan, David Thurston, Jr., Daniel Chute, Enoch Brack- 
ett (substitute), Joseph Scribner (sub.), Joseph Noble (sub.), Cal- 
vin Morse, John Noble, Jonathan Kemp. July: Stephen Noble, 
ApoUos Knight, Richard Edwards, Nathaniel Edwards, Jr. 

Drafted into Capt. Bailey Bardwell's company, September, 1814, for 
forty days : Thomas Jackson, Samuel Wardwell, Jr., Charles Tur- 
ner, Shepherd Hawke, William Lamb, Solomon Lamb, Daniel 
Walker, James Scribner (sub.), Thomas Wardwell (sub.). 

In Capt. Asa Ingalls' company, fourteen days from Sept. 14, ISW : 
Samuel P. Anderson, Samuel Knight, Harvey Mayberry, Caleb 
Edwards, Oliver Spurr, Joseph Noble. 

Drafted Sept. 8, 1814 : Samuel Knight, Jr.. fifer ; Nathaniel Edwards, 
Caleb Edwards, John Morse. 

Lieut. Samuel Knight, Jonathan Scribner, David Jordan, Nathan 
Knight, Joseph Haskell. 

Drafted Sept. 21, 1814: Andrew Cobb, Jonathan Cobb, Thomas 
Wight, David Thurston, Jr., Daniel Walker, David Lord, Rich- 
ard Lombard, Thomas York, Jr., Abner Bean, John Lord, 
Solomon Lamb, John Weeks, Ephraim Edwards, Andrew Cates, 
Sergt. Stephen Edwards, Joshua Goodridge, Joseph Wight, 
Simeon Libby, Willoughby Scribner, John Scribner, Richard 
Gardner, James Weston, David Jordan, Sergt. Oliver Spurr, 
Samuel P. Anderson. « 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 



JONATHAN INGALLS, 

son of Cyrus Ingalls, was born in Denmark, Me., Feb. 9, 
1814. At the age of fifteen he began learning the black- 
smith's trade, and at the age of twenty began business for 
himself in the village of Denmark, which he continued for 
twelve years. He spent several years as a stock-dealer, in 
which he was quite successful financially. In 1861 he 
settled in the town of Otisfield and purchased the fiirm now 
occupied by him, since which time he has given his atten- 



tion to farming and blacksmithiiig. He first married 
Rebecca Swan; she died soon after the birth of her first 
child, which also died. In 1862 he married Caroline 
Barker, of New Hampshire. Mr. Ingalls served its deputy 
sheriff for four years in Oxford County, and has served for 
twelve years in Cumberland County. He is identified with 
the Republican party.* 



» See portraits of Jimathan Ingalls and wife on following page. 



S50 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 





JONATHAN INQALLS. 



MRS. JONATHAN INOALLS. 



P O W N A L. 



GENERAL DESCRIPTION. 

PoWNAL, the northeastern half of Preeport, was incor- 
porated as a separate town by act of the Massachusetts 
Legislature, approved March 3, 1808. Previous to 1789, 
the southern part was a portion of ancient North Yar- 
mouth. The northern part, comprising 13 squadrons of 
450 acres each, was part of a gore extending across the 
northeast end of North Yarmouth, and annexed through 
the efforts of Rev. Ammi R. Cutter, June 24, 1734. The 
southern part was surveyed by Phinehas Jones, and drawn 
June 20, 1733. The town comprises its original lands. 
It is bounded on the northeast by Durham, in Androscoggin 
County ; on the southeast by Preeport ; on the southwest 
by Yarmouth and North Yarnioutli ; and on the northwest 
by New Gloucester. 

The surface is varied, presenting an ever-changing land- 
scape, consisting of broad meadows separated by narrow 
groves and numerous bold granite ledges rising to a height 
of from 25 to 80 feet above the surrounding surface. Prom 
the high rock forming the main peak of Bradbury Moun- 
tains in the centre of the town, 100 feet above Pownal 
Centre, half a mile distant, the view of broad and nearly 
level fields is encircled by glimpses of the ocean, revealed 
between timbered headlands, beyond which the open water 
blends with the horizon. To the westward the vision is 
bordered by higher lands, which rise in broken peaks, 
until it ends in Mount Pleasant and Mount Washington in 
New Hampshire. To the north and east the more broken 
land extends over the town, ending in Bradbury Mountain, 
it.s highest point. 



EARLY SETTLEMENT. 
Much of the history of the old town of North Yarmouth 
is antecedent to the history of Pownal. The first local 
rulers were Jeremiah Dummer, Walter Gendall, John Roy- 
all, and John York, trustees and sub-committee in 1685. 
The first inhabitants were mainly descendants of the hardy 
settlers along the coast, who were prevented penetrating 
farther inland by Indian wars for many years. Settlement 
began shortly after 1780. Jonathan True located in the 
south part of the town, a mile from Preeport line, where 
his son John, father of the present Lymatj C. True, was 
born, Aug. 7, 1785. Lieut. Peter W. Brown settled in 
the north. William Lawrence, John York, Lebbous Tuttle, 
and Jeremiah Knight were settled previous to 1785. Mr. 
Tuttle lived under the ledge near Bradbury Mountain 
while clearing ; his shelter was a " lean-to," made by standing 
slabs against the cliff. John Sturdivant and John Sawyer 
were living on lot 13, in the north corner, in 1789. After 
the first settlement was made, people began to centre around 
the end of the road opened from Yarmouth, by way of 
Walnut Hill, by Jacob Parsons in 1750. Nathaniel True, 
and Jonathan Barbour, Job Allen, Asa York, Levi Knight, 
Simeon Jones, John Dam, Jacob Bemis, Esq., Josiah 
Walker, Caleb Richardson, Elcazer Lake, Isaac Small, Isaac 
Libby, Jonathan Newbegin, Capt. William Blackstone, 
William Sawyer, Melzar Turner, Thomas Noyes, Thomas 
and William Cotton, Josiah Walker, and Robert Royal 
came soon after the first settlers. Thomas Haskell erected 
his mill in 1796, and the settlement of Little Yarmouth, 
approachable from the .south over a continuous bridge of 



TOWN OP POWNAL. 



351 



logs, or " corduroy" road, a mile in length, became known to 
the outside world. A school-house was erected near the 
grist-mill, and in 1798 the inhabitants presented their claim 
to the parish at the annual meeting, and were allowed the 
use of the parish minister once in three months ! This 
school-house became the centre of all general gatherings 
until the erection of the church, and was for many years 
the town-house. Here each soldier, on training-day, re- 
ceived his pound of powder, ready made into cartridges, 
and here the poor were for years bid oif in open market. 

The town has become nearly cleared during the last 
twenty-five years, and presents a prosperous appearance. 
The chief industry is raising hay and apples, the manufac- 
ture of butter and light cheese, and shipment of milk for 
the Portland market. There is but little trade or manu- 
facturing conducted within its borders. 

BURYING-RROUNDS. 

The dark, ancient headstones of the pioneers, ranged in 
regular order beside the first church erected in the town of 
Pownal, far outnumber the white marble ones beneath which 
sleep their children. Beneatli the shade of the hackmatack, 
acacia, apple, and lilac you may here read the names of 
Rev. Perez Chapin, the first minister; Jacob Bemis, a 
soldier of the Revolution ; Seth Sweetser, died 1867, aged 
ninety-three ; Joseph Brown, died 1838, aged seventy-seven ; 
Edmund Cleaves, died 1828, aged seventy-seven; Uriel 
Whitney, died 1835, aged seventy-eight; Thomas Noyes, 
died 1821, aged fifty-one; Capt. Jabez True, died 18-18, 
aged seventy-sis; Joseph Thonis, died 1833, aged seventy- 
five; Capt. William Blackstone, died 1850, aged eighty- 
four ; and George M. Allen and George S. Noyes, soldiers 
of the Union, who died in battle during the great Rebellion. 
The ground for this yard was purchased of Jabez True, in 
1824, by the town. A town hearse was procured in 1834, 
and a house erected on this ground for its keeping. 

In the North Pownal burying-ground nearly all the old 
headstones are retained, giving it an ancient appearance not 
generally preserved. Prominent here are the graves of Lieut. 
Peter W. Brown, an officer of the Revolution, who died in 
1830, aged seventy-five ; Col. Samuel Newell, an officer of 
the war of 1861 ; Edward Tompson, died 1854; Simeon 
Jones, died 1859; Sim.son Thoits, died 1838; John Dam, 
died 1830 ; Levi Knight and PJleazer Lake, died 1850. 

At West Pownal the old burying-ground on the Col. War- 
ren place is overgrown with sumac, cherry, and briars, while 
modern attention is turned to the new ground, half a mile 
north. In the old ground are the Warren family, of whom 
George Warren, Esq., was a leading citizen until his death, 
in 1819, at the age of sixty-nine years; Thomas Paine, who 
died in 1854, aged ninety-three; Nehemiah Allen, died 
1841, aged eighty-six; and in the new ground the later 
dead of the Keith, Tuttle, and Allen families and others. 

The Eastern Cemetery, a beautiful grove of a third of an 
acre, contains the graves of Captain Benjamin Davis, died 
1859, aged eighty-four; John Mann, died 1815, aged fifty- 
one; and Benjamin Soule, died 1836, aged sixty-six. 

On the old True farm, in the south, near the centre of 
the little burying-ground, a plain white stone bears the 
inscription, " John True, born in Pownal, Aug. 7, 1785 ; 



died March 28, 1 86 1 ." This man was the son of Jonathan 
True, and the first male child born in Pownal. Around 
him are members of the Noyes, Merrill, and Loring families, 
John Newbegin, and John Lawrence. 

VILLAGES AND HAMLKT.S. 
POWNAL CENTRE. 

The principal village, because the oldest, and the centre 
of town business, is Pownal Centre. There are here 6 
dwellings, the old church, a school-house, the town-house, 
erected in 1827 ; Lyman C. True's blacksmith-shop, opened 
in 1849 ; and the store kept by Capt. Isaac S. Brown, since 
1867, opened in 1832, by Hosea Newell. As late as 1809 
this place was included in the farms of Jabez True and 
Thomas Noyes, and the beautiful farms surrounding were 
an unbroken forest, traversed by roads, which crossing here 
made the corner. The road to the south led to the grist- 
and saw-mill of Thomas Haskell, erected at the crossing of 
Royal River, in 1796. The westward road led to the 
prosperous settlement known as Little Yarmouth. Mails 
are daily by North Yarmouth and Durham stage ; L. C. 
True, postmaster, 

NORTH POWNAL 

also possessed a saw and grist-mill, erected about the 3'ear 
1800, by Jacob Randall, near the present mills of Enoch 
Shaw, half a mile south of that hamlet. Jonathan New- 
begin had a blacksmith-shop near the mill. Joseph Luf kin 
opened the first store on his place in North Pownal, and 
afterwards Mr. Randall sold goods at his mills. The main 
stock in those days consisted of West India goods and 
rum. The place now contains thuteen dwellings, the store 
of James Rice, blacksmith-shop, harness-shop, the Metho- 
dist Episcopal church, and a school-house. Mails are 
daily. James Rice, postmaster. 

WEST POWNAL, 

in the extreme corner of the town, on the Grand Trunk 
Railway, is a lively business place and shipping-point for 
milk, which is an important article of export along the line 
of the railway. The place contains the depot, dwellings, 
and store of Tuttle & Lawrence, operated by George A. 
Miller since 1878, and the fine residence of Moses Plum- 
mer, Esq., one of the leading citizens of the town. The 
place is finely situated, and much frequented during the 
summer. Mails daily by railroad, and to North Pownal. 
David J. Lawrence, postmaster. 

FIKST TOWN-MEETING. 

The first town election was held in the school-house near 
Reuben Haskell's, April 15, 1808, under a call issued by 
Ammi R. Mitchell, Esq., to William Blackstone, one of the 
principal inhabitants of Pownal. Josiah Lovell was chosen 
Moderator of the meeting ; Thomas Worthy, Town Clerk ; 
Jedediah Austin, Treasurer ; Jedediah Austin, Benjamin 
Soule, Josiah Lovell, Selectmen and As.sessors ; Reuben 
Haskell, Collector ; James Turner, John Lawrence, Simeon 
Stubbs, Israel Noyes, Timothy Pratt, Simeon Estos, Benja- 
min Soule, Tlion)as Noyes, Seth Sweetser, David Loring, 
Ephraim Fogg, l)aniel Warren, Jacob Randal, Simson 
Thoits, Job Allen, Ebenezcr True, Surveyors, Field- Drivers, 



352 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



and Hog- Reeves; James Turner, William Cotton, Tithing- 
Mcn ; William Barbour, Robert Royal, Eleazer Lake, Sur- 
veyors of Lumber ; Lebbeus Tuttle, Thomas Haskell, Joseph 
Libby, Fence- Viewers. In May, $250 were voted for schools, 
$100 for preaching. Edmund (Jleaves and Thomas Worthy 
were made a committee to employ a preacher, and the se- 
lectmen were authorized to settle with Freeport. And 50 
cents fine was voted for any person " twitching lumber 
across a bridge." 

CIVIL LIST. 



SELECTMEN. 



isos, 

1809, 

1810. 

1811. 

1812. 

1813. 

1814. 

1S15. 

1816. 

1817, 

1818. 

1819. 

1820 

1821 

1822. 

1823.- 

1824. 

1826.- 

182fi- 

1828. 

1829. 

1830.- 

1831 

1832. 

1833. 

1834. 

1835. 

1S3B 

1837, 

1838. 

1839, 

1840. 

1841 

1842.- 

1843. 

1844. 

1845. 

1846. 

1841, 

1848.- 

1849. 

1850 

1851. 

1852. 

1853. 

1854.- 

1855.- 



1856 
1857, 
1858. 
1859. 
1860. 
1861 
1862. 
1863 
1864. 
1865 
1866 
1867 
1869. 
1870, 



— Jeilodiah Austin, Benjamin Saul, Josiali Lovell. 

— Josiah Lovell, Benjamin Saul, Thomas AVorthy. 

— Benjamin Soule, Edward Tompson, William Blackstone. 

— Benjamin Soule, William Blaekstone, Ebenezer Fickett. 

— Benjamin Soule, William Blackstone, Ellison Libby. 

— Benjamin Soule, John Dam, Ellison Libby. 

Benjamin Soule, George Warren, Ephraim Fogg. 
, — Benjamin Soule, William Blackstone, Ebenezer True. 
. — Benjamin Soule, William Blackstone, Michael Dyer. 
, — Benjamin Soule, Michael Dyer, Benjamin Mitchell. 

Benjamin Soule, Benjamin Mitchell, Thomas Noyes. 
— Isaac Cushman, Michael Dyer, John Tyler. 
— William Cleaves, Joseph York, William Barbour. 
, — William Cleaves, .Joseph Lufkin, Joseph York. 
— Benjamin Soule, Benjamin Mitchell, Ebenezer True. 

Benja'min Soule, Ebenezer True, William Barbour. 

William Cleaves, Benjamin Soule, Ebenezer True. 
— William Cleaves, Joseph Brown, Jr., Joseph Paine. 
27. — Benjamin Soule, Joseph Brown, Jr., William Cleaves. 
— William Cleaves, Isaac Cushman, Joseph BrOwn, Jr. 

Joseph Brown, Jr., Michael Dyer, Joseph Tuttle. 

■William Cleaves, Michael Dyer, Joseph York. 
—Michael Dyer, William Cleaves, Adams True. 
— Michael Dyer, Adams True, Joseph Brown, Jr. 

Joseph Brown, Jr., Henry Warren, Joseph Blackstone. 
— Henry Warren, William Barbour, Joseph Brown, Jr. 
— Joseph Brown, Jr., Henry Warren, Elbridge York. 
— Henry Warren, Michael Dyer, Benjamin Mitchell. 
— Joseph Brown, Henry Warren, Edward Tompson, Jr. 
— Joseph Brown, Jacob Bemis, Dennis Soule. 
, — Henry Warren, Dennis Soule, Benjamin Small. 

Henry Warren, Isaac Cushman, Joseph Brown. 
— Jacob Bemis, Elbridge Work, Daniel Paine. 

Henry Warren, Elbridge Work, Daniel Paine. 

Henry Warren, Benjamin Small, Enos Small. 

Henry Warren, Benjamin Small, William Barbour. 
— Henry Warren, Joseph Brown, William Barbour. 

Joseph Brown, Henry Warren, William True. 
, — Benjamin Small, John Gooding, William Barbour. 

Benjamin Small, John Gooding, Henry Warren. 

Richard Dresser, Israel Jones, Anthony M. Frost. 
, — Benjamin Small, Joseph Brown, Henry Warren. 
— Benjamin Small, Daniel Merrill, John Gooding. 
— Benjamin Small, Jacob Bemis, True Tuttle. 
— Benjamin Small, Jacob Bemis, George Watts. 
— Henry Warren, Benjamin Small, True Tuttle. 

Henry Warren, George Leighton, David T. Libby. 
, — Benjamin Small, John Newbegin, Samuel S. Latham. 
— Henry Warren, George Leighton, Isaac Lobdell. 
— John Newbegin, Benjamin Small, Samuel S. Latham. 

.min Small, Timothy Keith, Tristram G. Hutchins. 
— Benjamin Small, Cyrus Libby, Seth D. Stetson. 
— John Newbegin, Cyrus Libby, Nathaniel Dyer. 

Seth D. Stetson, Cyrus Libby, Moses Plummcr. 
— John Newbegin, Isaac S. Brown, Samuel S. Latham. 

Benjamin Small, Isaac S. Brown, Samuel S. Latham. 
—Moses Plummcr, Samuel S. Latham, Elijah H. Bennett. 
—John II. Noyes, Samuel J. Tuttle, George W. Toothakcr. 
-68.— John 11. Noyes, Samuel J. Tmtle, Benjamin I. Small. 
— Samuel J. Tuttle, Nathaniel S. Lawrence, lienjamin True. 

John T. Lawrence, Israel T. Molntyre, Leander F. Wood. 



1871.— Elbridge York, Elijah II. Bennett, Nathaniel B. Jordan. 
1872.— Samuel J. Tuttle, Nathaniel Dyer, Asa L. Haskell. 
1873. — Isaac S. Brown, Benjamin Small, Jeremiah K. Morse. 
1874. — John T. Lawrence, Benjamin True, Israel T. Mclntyre. 
1875. — John T. Lawrence, Israel T. Mclntyre, Harlan B. True. 
1876.— John T. Lawrence, Harlan B. True, Charles H. Hodsdon. 
1877.— Harlan B. True, Charles H. Hodsdon, Nathaniel Fickett. 
1878.- Ilarlan B. True, Charles H. Hodsdon, Alroy Noyes. 
1879.— Seth D. Stetson, John T. Lawrence, Conrad D. Snow. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Thomas Worthy, 1808-10; Edward Tompson, 1811; Benjumiu 
Soule, 1812-15; William Blackstone, 1816: Benjamin Soule, 1817- 
18 ; William Cleaves, 1819-21 ; Ebenezer True, 1822-23 ; William 
Cleaves, 1824-25; Benjamin Soule, 1826-27; William Cleaves, 
1828; Benjamin Soule, 1829; William Cleaves, 1830-31 ; Joseph 
Brown, Jr., 1832-34; Elbridge York, 1835; Henry Warren, 
1836; Joseph Brown, 1837; Jacob Bemis, 1838; Dennis Soule, 
1839; Henry Warren, 1840; Jacob Bemis, Jr., 1841; Henry 
Warren, 1842-43; Moses Richards, 1844; Joseph Brown, 
1845-46; Benjamin Small, 1847-48; Richard Dresser. 1849; 
Benjamin Small, 1850-53; Henry Warren, 1854-55; Benjamin 
Small, 1856; Henry Warren, 1857; John Newbegin, 1S58 ; Ben- 
jamin Small, 1859 ; John Newbegin, 1860-61 ; Seth D. Stetson, 
1862; John Newbegin, 1863; Benjamin Small, 1864; Moses 
Plummcr, 1865; John H. Noyes, 1866-68; Samuel J. Tuttle, 
1869 ; John T. Lawrence, 1870 ; Elbridge York, 1871 : Samuel J. 
Tuttle, 1.872; Isaac S. Brown, 1873; John T. Lawrence, 1874-76; 
Harlan B. True, 1877-78; Seth D. Stetson, 1879. 

TREASURERS. 

Jedcdiah Austin, 1808; Josiah Lovell, 1809-15; Lebbeus Tuttle, 
1816; Josiah Lovell, 1817-18; Lebbeus Tuttle, 1819-20; Ben- 
jamin Mitchell, 1821 ; Joseph Lufkin, 1822-28; William Cleaves, 
1.S29; Joseph Brown, 1830; John Tyler, 1831-32; John Jones, 
1833; William Tuttle, 1834; William Marston, 1835-40 ; John 
Skillin (vacancy), 1840; Simon Estes, 1841; John Skillin, 
1842-43; William Tuttle, 1844; Lebbeus Tuttle, 1845-47; Tris- 
tram G. Hutchins, 1848 ; John G. Merrill, 1849 ; Tristram G. 
Hutchins, 1850: John G. Merrill, 1851; Owen Thoits, 1852-53; 
David T. Libby, 1854-55; Elijah H. Bennett, 1856; Seth D. 
Stetson, 1857; George W. Pillsbury, 1858; Dennis Libby, 1859; 
Elias Tuttle, Jr., 1860-61; Joseph Knight, 1862; Benjamin 
Small, 1863; Joseph Small, 1864-65; John T. Lawrence, 
1866-68; Tristram G. Hutchins, 1869-70; Isaac S. Brown, 1871; 
John T. Lawrence, 1872 ; Joseph Small, 1873-74; Perez Chapin, 
1S75-79. 

COLLECTORS AND CONSTABLES. 

Reuben Haskell, Lebbeus Tuttle, 1808 ; Lebbeus Tuttle, Joseph Hutch- 
ins, 1809; Benjamin Sawyer, Joseph Hutchins, 1810 ; William 
Cleaves, Reuben Haskell, 1811; Benjamin Sawyer, Thomas 
Noyes, John Williams, 1812 ; Lebbeus Tuttle, 1813-14; Ellison 
Libby, 1815-16; William Cleaves, Ellison Libby, 1817; William 
Cleaves, 1818: John Tyler, Joel Kelsey, 1819; Joab Libby, 
John Tyler, 1820; Joab Libby, 1821-22; Joseph Brown, Jr., 
1823; William Tuttle, 1824; Enos Sawyer, 1825; John Tyler, 
Enos Sawyer, 1826 ; William Cleaves, Noah Bennett, Enos Saw- 
yer, 1827; Enos Sawyer, Noah Bennett, Russell Brown, 1828 : 
Noah Bennett, Joseph Brown, Jr., 1829; John Tyler, Russell 
Brown, Elias Tuttle, 1830 : John Tyler, John Cashing, Joseph 
T. Sawyer, 1831; Joseph T. Sawyer, Elias Tuttle, 1832; John 
Jones, John Gushing, 1833; William Tuttle, John Cashing, 
Joseph T. .Sawyer, 1834; William Marston, John Cushing, 
Joseph T. Sawyer, 1835 ; William Marston, John Cushing, 1836; 
William Marston, David Paine, George Watts. 1837; Wil- 
liam Marston, 1838-39; William Marston, John Noyes, 1840; 
John Skillin, 1840;* Simon Estes, John Noyes, 1841; John 
Skillin, Cyrus Jones, 1842; John Skillin, Cyrus Jones, Elias 
Tuttle, 1843; William Tuttle, John Skillin, 1844; Lebbeus 
Tuttle, Cyrus Jones, John Skillin, 1845; Lebbeus Tuttle, Cyrus 
Jones, 1846; Lebbeus Tuttle, Henry I. Warren, Isaac Cushman, 
1847; Tristram G. Hutchins, Webster Moses, 1848; John G. 

« To fill vacancy caused by the death of William Marston. 



TOWN OF POWNAL. 



353 



Merrill, Webster Moses, 1819; Tristram G. Ilutcliins, Webster 
Moses, 1850 ; John G. Merrill, William P. Allen, 1 851 ; Owen 
Thoits, Aaron Libby, 1852; Owen Thoits, True Tuttlo, 1853; 
David T. Libby, William P. Allen, 1854; David T. Libby, George 
M. Libby, 1855; Elijah H. Bennett, Seward P. Barbour, 1856; 
Scth D. Stetson, Seward P.Barbour, 1857; George W. Pillsbury, 
1858; Dennis Libby, 1859; Elias Tuttle, Jr., David T. Libby, 
1860-61; Joseph Knight.Samuel Latham, 1862 Elijah II. Bennett, 
Seward P. Barbour, 1863; Elijah II. Bennett, Nathaniel Wilbur, 
1864; Otis Allen, Tristram G. Hutebins, John T. Lawrence, 
1865; Benjamin True, Samuel S. Latham, D. II. Bennett, 
1866; Benjamin True, Benjamin I. Small, 1,867; Elias Tultlo, 
Jr., William P. Allen, 1868; John T. Lawrence, I. S. Brown, 
1869; Benjamin True, David T. Libby, 1870; Benjamin True, 
Elias Tuttle, Jr., 1S7I ; Benjamin True, Alonzo Loring, Thomas 
Noyes, 1872 ; Benjamin True, John T. Lawrence, 1873 ; Tri;tram 
G. Hutchins, Benjamin True, 1874; Benjamin True, Isaac S. 
Brown, 1875-77; Benjamin True, Samuel S. Latham, Elias 
Tuttle, 1878; Benjamin True, Isaac S. Brown, 1879. 

EELIGIOUS. 
CONGREGATIONALIST CHORCII. 

Rev. Alfred Jolinsoa, settled pastor of Freeport, was 
sent to preach four Sabb;iths at Bradbury Mountain, as a 
part of his ministerial duties in 1798, and five in 1799. 
In 1807, Jabez True, Elias Lake, and Job Allen were 
made a committee to engage a minister, and in 1808. at the 
town election, it was voted to call Rev. Samuel Sewell at a 
salary of 1300. A church was organized at the house of 
Thomas Haskell, March 20, 1811. Among the first mem- 
bers were Josiah Lovell, who was made deacon, Thomas 
Worthy, Josiah Merrill and wife, Mary True, Lucretia 
Haskell, Simeon Jones and wife, Edward Tompson, Ed- 
mond Cleaves. A large house of worship was erected in 
1809 at Pownal Centre. This house is still occupied by 
the society, its lower rooms being used by the temperance 
organizations of the town for session-rooms and library. 
Revs. Samuel Sewell and Jacob Farwick supplied this people 
in 1808 and 1809. Rev. Perez Chapin became the first set- 
tled pastor in 1811, and remained until his death, Jan. 27, 
1839. During his pastorate his pulpit was supplied by 
Rev. Oliver Real, in 1813 ; Rev. Cyrus Cummings, in 
1817; Rev. Allen W. Cobb, in 1819; and Rev. J. J. 
Carruthers, in 1828. He was succeeded at his death by 
Rev. A. P. Chute, who was discharged in November, 1841. 
The subsequent pastors have been Rev. William V. Jor- 
dan, settled September, 1843, dismissed May, 1852, and 
Revs. Jldwin A. Buck, 1852-53; Joseph Loring, in- 
stalled February, 1855, dismissed January, 1859 ; Samuel 
Bowker, 18G0; Joseph Boardman, 18fil-65 ; Charles L. 
Nichols, installed 18(56, dismissed 1871 ; Abrain Maxivell, 
1871 ; George A. Perkins, 1872-75 ; Rev. Mr. Wilder, 
1876; Prof. R. C. Stanley and students from Bates Col- 
lege, 1876-78 ; Rev. Richard Wickett, 1879. 

The deacons have been Josiah Lovell, appointed 1811 ; 
Simeon Jones, 1817; Benjamin Mitchell, 1829; Daniel 
Sweetser, 1844 ; Moses Merrill, 1856 ; Benjamin L. 
Mitchell, 1861 ; Asa L. Haskell, 1866 ; and Nathaniel 
True, present deacon, appointed 1873. 

Present membership, 61. Clerk, A.Mitchell; Parish 
Clerk, Perez Chapin, son of the first pastor. 

SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. 

A small meeting hou.se was erected on the apposite side 
of the road from the dwelling of Simeon Estes, two miles 
45 



east of Pownal Centre, now occupied by Capt. Joseph 
Brown, about the year 1800. This road was known as 
the " Quaker road" previous to that date. Among the 
members of this society were Simeon and Elisha Estes, and 
the Austin, Pote, and Goddard families. This continued to 
be a place of worship until 1850. The society ceased to 
exist in the town as an organization soon after. 

A meeting-house wa.s erected in the western part of the 
town, two miles from Pownal Centre, by four men, in 1844, 
and occupied by the Frco-Will Baptist Society, who formed 
during that year, and gained some strength, but were dis- 
persed by dissension and removal after a few years. The 
remaining first members are Anson Libby, Henry Merritt, 
Amos Sawyer, and William Loring. 

A small church was erected by the Methodist Episcopal 
Society at North Pownal in 1844, and dedicated in October 
of that year by Rev. George Webber. There i.s no reg- 
ular organization, and no records have been kept. The 
building is still occupied by .semi-monthly .services. Class- 
Leader, Mr. A. I. Carsley. 

SCHOOLS. 

On the organization of the town the schools received 
immediate attention. Schools were established in the north, 
the centre, and the western parts of the town, and §250 
voted for their support. Six districts were .soon formed, 
and these were increased to twelve by 1830, The town 
now includes ten districts, with nine school-houses, valued 
at $4000. Of the 274 inhabitants of legal school age, 256 
are registered as having attended school some time during 
the year. Present school committee : Messrs. Conrad S. 
Snow, John T. Lawrence, and Alroy Noyes. 

SOCIETIES. 

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS. 

Triumph Loilgc, No. 50, organized Dec. 20, 1865. First 
officers, Hiram S. Tuttle, W. C. T. ; Parthenia F. Libby, 
W. V. T. ; David J. Lawrence, W. S. ; Nathaniel Dyer, W. 
F. S.; Lyman C. True, W. Treas.; D. T. Libby, W. M.; 
C. L. Nichols, Chaplain. Present membership, 83. Con- 
rad S. Snow, W. C. T. ; Nettie M. True, W. V. T. ; George 
Gore, W. Sec. ; D. S. Toothaker, W. F. S. ; Charles Crockett, 
Treas. The lodge has a fine library, opened in 1878. 

The old physicians of the town have been Dr. Joseph 
Cushman, to 1845 ; Dr. David Y. Pierce, 1854 ; Dr. Green- 
field Tompson, Dr. J. P. Haskell, 1838. 



SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 

Those who have lived and died here are Jacob Bemis, 
who died in 1814, aged eighty-four; Lieut. Peter Brown, 
who was in the battle of Bunker Hill ; Josiah Walker, and 
A. Jobllen. 

WAR 01" 1812. 

Paul Allen, who is still living, at the age of ninety 3'ears ; 
Isaac Stetson, Reuben Hodgden, Zebulon Berry, John 
Noyes. 



354 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Tlie prominent men of the town, not elsewhere mentioned, 
have been: to 1825, Major Benjamin Soule, George War- 
ren, Esq., Thomas Worthly, William Blackstone, Lebbeus 
Tuttle, Lieut. Peter W. Brown; 1825-50, Capt. Joseph 
Brown, Michael Dyer, Reuben Haskell, Capt. Benj. Small, 
Josiah Walker, Isaac Cushman, Esq.; since 1850, Benjamin 
True, Perez Chapin, George Noycs, Capt. Isaac Brown, 



Capt. Joseph Small, Jloses Plummer, Esq., Hiram S. Tul- 
tle, Conrad S. Snow, Seth D. Stetson. 



OFFICERS OF THE JIILITIA. 



Colonels, John Lawrence, G. Warren ; major, Benjamin 
Soule ; captains, Jabez True, Edw. Tompson, John Skillin, 
Henry J. Warren, Joseph Brown, Jacob Cotton, Eben True. 



RAYMOND. 



LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES. 

In lieu of a grant made Capt. William Raymond, and 
60 other inhabitants of Beverly, Mass., in 1735, for services 
against the French aud Indians in 1690, and found to be 
in New Hampshire,* a new grant was made their heirs in 
June, 1765, and confirmed by the General Court, Jan. 30, 
17G7. 

April 30th, a meeting of the proprietors was held at 
Beverly, Mass., and it was voted that the township be 
named Raymond. Capt. George Raymond was made 
Treasurer ; Thomas Porter, Clerk ; and other ofiBcors 
elected to forward the settlement. 

The town of Raymond, lying to the east of Sebago 
Lake, extends in a northeasterly direction twelve and a 
quarter miles from the point of Raymond Cape, and is four 
and three-quarters miles in width. The south part is in- 
dented by Jordan Bay. It is bounded on the north by 
Androscoggin County, on the cast by New Gloucester and 
Gray, on the south by Sebago Lake, and on the west by 
Casco. The oiiginal town comprised 37,750 acres, of which 
428 acres were excluded for Rattlesnake Mountain, and 
5945 acres for ponds. It was seven and one-half miles 
square, the base line running due northwest on the western 
line of New Boston (now Gray) and Windham. The part 
west of Crooked River was taken to form Naples in 1829, 
the western half incorporated as Casco in 1841, and Ray- 
mond Cape annexed from Standish in 1871. The surface 
is diversified by lowlands in the south, rising to the north- 
ward into broad uplands and peaks, the highest of which is 
Rattlesnake Mountain. On the west. Panther, Great and 
Little Rattlesnake Ponds extend through the town, and are 
navigable by sloops a portion of the year. 

Indications of mineral wealth are found ; sulphurets 
from near the centre of the town have been assayed, show- 
ing both silver and gold in paying quantities. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

Raymond has had no Indian wars. John Davis, Jr., a 
trapper, the first white occupant, was troubled by Indians 

* Called originally Warctown. 



stealing his game, and told his comrade on leaving his 
camp that he was about done submitting. Soon after a shot 
was heard. When Davis returned he had his traps with 
him, and he told his comrade that they " must leave that 
ground mighty quick !" His sons, John and Gideon 
Davis, chose lots east of the present village, in 1770; 
D. Nathaniel Jones, of Cape Elizabeth, Thomas Lewis, and 
William Dingley also choosing lots the same year. 

In 1768 a tax of £90 was assessed on the sixty shares, 
to pay the expense of survey ; four lots were given to Capt. 
Samuel Skilling, for services in locating. In 1769 a choice 
of fifteen 100-acre lots was offered to either proprietor who 
could move to the town, build a house, and clear four acres of 
land within fifteen months. In April, 1770, this offer was 
made to include " any person" who should choose before 
December 1st of that year. June 18, 1770, Capt. Nathaniel 
Jordan had recorded the choice of lot 3, range 2, embrac- 
ing the outlet of Panther Pond ; and September 24th, Capt. 
Joseph Dingley recorded lot 9, range 2, including the outlet 
of Thomas Pond. 

The first settler was to have a lot of 100 acres. Samuel 
Jordan and Capt. Dingley started from Massachusetts about 
the same time, Mr. Jordan in advance. Both .stopped for 
the night at the old " carrying-place," on the south shore 
of Sebago Lake. While Mr. Jordan was sleeping Capt. 
Dingley rose quietly, and procuring a boat paddled across 
the lake to his location above the cape. Mr. Jordan awoke 
to find himself alone, and started to walk around the lake, 
that he might be the first settler, arriving at the mouth of 
Panther Run, where he settled late in the afternoon. By 
the division of the town to form Casco, which included 
Capt. Dingley 's place, Samuel Jordan became the first 
settler of Raymond. George Peirce, Esq., was authorized 
to lay out the town in fourteen ranges, commencing in the 
south corner and running northwest, each containing twenty- 
four lots or less of 100 acres each. He was removed in 
1789, and Nathaniel Winslow, surveyor, employed to com- 
plete tlie survey and present a map to the proprietors, 
which was accepted March 17, 1791, and a new drawing 
for "rights" \*as made the same day. 

Capt. Nathaniel Jordan cleared the first road, in 1771. 





GIDEON PLUMMER. 



JtOSES PLUJIiMEK. 





HENRV JORDAN. 



IlENUY .JORDAN (deceased). 



TOWN OP RAYMOND. 



355 



Of the first 30 settlers in Ilayniond who received deeds 
for their hinds March 29, 1794, Dominicus Jordan settled 
on the bay bearing his name, where his son S iniuel located 
the first farm in present Raymond, and his grandson, 
Samuel Jordan, Jr., the first child born in the town, was 
born Sept. 21, 1775. Joseph Brown settled next towards 
the village, Mark Leach and James Jordan north of the 
village, John Davis east on Panther Run, Samuel Jordan 
a mile west near Pulpit Rock, and Capt. Dingley just over 
the line in Casco, with his mills on both sides of the 
stream. 

The site of the village was reserved as a " mill lot," but 
afterwards sold to James Leach, Eli Longley, J. Plummer, 
and E. H. Scribner, who held it in 1828. Raymond Hill, 
in the centre of the town, contained the families of Roger 
Jordan, of East Raymond hamlet; Gideon Davis, at the 
south end of Panther Pond; John Davis, west, including 
the burying-ground ; and Thomas Crisp, northwest, while 
farther to the north were John Cash, the snake-charmer, 
Francis Symonds, Jonathan Simonton, James Finney, and 
north of the Raymond Hill burying-ground, Benjamin 
Smith. Moses Starbird settled west, towards Rattlesnake 
Pond. In the north corner of the town Widow Experi- 
ence Willson lived, and at the foot of Panther Pond, east 
side. Widow Catharine Welch, whose husband was killed in 
the Revolutionary war. John Nash and his son Elijah 
Nash came as early as 1812. 

Samuel Strout and George Small came in 1816. John 
Nash settled near the centre of the town in 1817, Henry 
Merrill a mile east in 1824, Jacob Gray at the north end of 
Panther Pond in 1822, and John Spiller on the north 
of Little Rattlesnake Pond in 1816. 

Pulpit Rock, a huge granite pile near Raymond Cape, 
now overgrown with trees and bushes, rises to a height of 
sixty feet, and is capped with three large rocks rising above 
the surrounding tree-tops. It is said to have been the 
former council-ground of the Indians. 

The first settlers in Raymond Cape were Daniel Mason, 
who came by boat from Standish, and built his hou.se on the 
north shore near The Images in 1818, and Samuel Tarbox, 
his brother-in-law, who was frozen to death while returning 
from mill on foot with a bag of meal. His wife, who had 
gone forth to meet him and wrapped him in her own clothing, 
was found dead near by. The children remained two days 
alone during a terrific snow-storm, blowing a horn for help. 
Surrounded by wild animals, Mr. Ma.son lived alone on the 
cape for many years. His wife is still living, a person of 
vigorous mind, at the age of ninety-six. The cape contains 
a dozen farm-houses, scattered along its single road. Fry's 
Island, a quarter of a mile distant, takes its name from Mr. 
Fry, of Scarboro', a hunter of great powers, who ran down 
the cape to The Images when pursued by Indians, letting 
himself drop from the top of a jagged rock into the snow 
which covered the frozen lake, whence he crossed to the 
island beyond. The Indians, astonished at the daring leap, 
when they saw him crossing the ice abandoned the pursuit. 
This cape was much frequented in early years for fish and 
game. A fissure in the granite ledge forming The Images, 
some eight feet wide, extends inward from their face, and is 
covered with rocks and earth which have fallen from the 



height above, forming a cave into which a boat can be 
drawn, with an opening through the rocks above. The 
walls of this bluff rise CO feet above the water and extend 
downward in a straight wall 80 feet from the mouth of the 
cave to the bottom of the lake. 

PLACES OP HISTORIC I.NTEREST. 

At South Casco, on the Raymond side, is the Union 
church, — formerly Edward Seribncr's inn, — the residence 
of Mrs. Hawthorne, and the boyhood home of Nathaniel 
Hawthorne the novelist. The hou.se is but little changed 
externally, the partitions only having been removed and a 
gallery erected in 1839 by a bequest from Richard Manning, 
the early agent of the proprietors. 

The old burying-ground at Raymond village is regularly 
laid out with granite borders and contains some fine monu- 
ments. Most of the early pioneers of South Raymond are 
buried here. Among the most prominent are the names of 
Elder Zachariah Leach, the first preacher, who died in 1S41 ; 
Dominicus Jordan, who died 1823, aged seventy-seven ; 
Col. Nathaniel Jordan, died 1842, aged sixty-five; Eliot 
Plummer, died 1817, aged forty-four; Samuel Brown, died 
1825, aged seventy-eight; Jeremiah Hayden, died 1847, 
aged seventy-nine, and their associates in life. A Mr. 
Fowler, whose grave is marked by an unlettered stone, was 
the first buried there. 

Near the old church on Raymond Hill, the next princi- 
pal burying-ground contains the graves of Samuel Jordan, 
the first-bo'rn of Raymond, who died 1859, aged eighty-four; 
Rev. Isaiah Libby ; Rev. Joseph Files ; John Jordan, died 
1861, aged ninety-three; John Brown, died 1849, aged 
eighty-six; John Na.sh, Sr., died 1813, aged eighty-one; 
John Spiller, died 18 15, aged seventy-eight; and many other 
pioneers. This ground now includes the site of the first 
church and school-house. 

Mark Leach was buried in the field near his residence, 
in the west of Raymond village, now owned by Joel Mason. 

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS. 
SOUTU CASCO, 

on the Raymond side, contains the store of Samuel L. 
Mason, established 1858, Sibly, Gould & Strout's shook- and 
shingle-mill, established 1865 by Eliot Fulton, who built 
the Fulton dock and warehouse on Jordan Bay at that 
time, and a dozeu buildings, including the Hawthorue 
church. 

RAYMOND VILLAGE, 

the principal settlement of the town, is built upon the re- 
serve " mill lot" of the proprietors, and is separated from 
Jordan Bay by a quarter of a mile of level meadow. As 
early as 1809, Stephen Swett kept the inn on the corner, 
enlarged, and occupied since 1871, by W. H. Smith. A 
small two-story building and store standing ea.st of the inn, 
the dwelling of Mr. West on the south side of the road, and 
Eliot Plummer's house, now the oldest in Raymond, a 
short distance east of the corner, still standing, comprised 
the village of Raymond in 1809. Two years later Capt. 
Jesse Plummer erected a dwelling near the inn, and Isaac, 
father of Hon. Z. L. Whitney, settled west of the store. 
On Panther Creek, the tannery of Nehemiah Mitchell and 



356 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Jussc riumnicr's mill, first erected by John Davis, were sur- 
roundeJ by woods. Farther down the stream was the old 
Jordan mill, built for the proprietors by Domiiiicus Jordan. 
The village now comprises a fine new church ; school house ; 
the Central Hotel, occupied many years by Eli Longley ; 
a general country store by D. & E. A. Plummer, estab- 
lished 1854, by Morrill & Plummer; W. H. Skilling, har- 
ne.ss, establi.shed 1872; Elbridge Gerry, wagon- and smith- 
shop, established 1859; millinery-store; .sugar-, shook-, and 
lumber-mills, Plummer & Davis, established 1848, — mills 
first built 1795, — and 32 dwellings. Mails daily by Port- 
land and Bridgton stage; E. A. Plummer, postmaster. The 
early merchants of the place have been Mark Leach, Seth 
Giles, Hugh Simms, Samuel Witham. 

EAST RAYMOND, 

four miles north, was formerly the centre of business. 
Cyrus Latham, the first merchant there, sold a hogshead of 
rum in a single week, for harvesting, about 1820. After- 
wards there were three stores, kept by L. D. Strout, Thomas 
Morrill, and Jcseph Symonds, during the extensive lum- 
bering operations. There are now a dozen dwellings; the 
store of H. J. & 0. B. Lane, established 18G3; and the 
town-house, built by Dominicus Jordan for Frank Winslow, 
John Cook, and D. J. Sawyer, committee, in 1838. On 
the division of the town this house was moved to its pres- 
ent central position. Mails are daily by Bridgton and Port- 
land stage ; J. H. Lane, postmaster. Two miles north is the 
shook and stave manufactory of Elias Bartlett. 

North Raymond post-ofiice, near the county line, is at 
the store of W. Small, postmaster. 

CIVIL LIST. 

OFFICER-S OF RAYMOND PREVIOUS TO INCORPORATION.* 

Tlionms Porter, 1767; Elijah Porter, 1773-75; Thomas Porter, 1776; 
Sivmucl Williams, 1783-84; Francis Drake, 1785-88; James 
Jeffrey, I7U7; Joseph Wight, 1801-2-3. 

TKEASUIlEltS. 

Capt. George Raymood, 1767; Joseph Blaney, 1783-84; Isaac Chap- 
man, 1785: James Jeffrey, 1788; James Jeffrey, 1797; Samuel 
Dinglcy, 1802. 

AGENTS. 

Nathaniel Jordan, 1776; George I'circe, 1785; Dominicus Jonathan, 
Joseph Dinglcy, 1 789 ; Samuel Dingley, Dominicus Jordan, John 
Cash, 1795; Samuel Dinglcy, 1798. 

COMMIT'l'EE AND ASSESSOIiS. 

1767. — Picnjamin Raymond, Elijah Porter, Thomas Porter, John 

Chipman. 
176S. — Benjamin Raymond, Elijah Porter, Thomas Porter. 
1783-84. — Jonathan Gardner, William Goodhue, George Williams. 
1785-88. — Capt. John Gardner, Capt. George Williams, Joshua Dodge, 

Capt. Jonathan Gardner, Capt. Stephen Abbott. 
1797. — Bcnj. Pickm.an, Gen. Stephen Abbott, Richard Manning, Jr. 
1801.— Joseph Wight, Samuel Dingley, George Small. 
1802. — Joseph Wight, Samuel Dingley, John Cash. 
1803.— Amos Rogers, Daniel Small (3d), Mark Leach, Jr. 



Joseph Ward, 1709; Thomas Porter, 17.S3; Isaac Chiipman, 1788; 
Richard Manning, 1795; Richard Manning, Jr., 1797; Daniel 
Small, 1801; George Small, 1802; Amos Rogers, 1803. 

* The date.-i are those on which the elections were held. 



The town of Raymond was incorporated June 20, 1803. 
The first election after, was held at the inn of Capt. Sam- 
uel Dinglcy (now Casco), Aug. 15, 1803. 

Joseph AVight was elected Clerk; Joseph Wight, Samuel Dingley, 
George Small, Selectmen and Assessors; Samuel Dinglcy, Treasurer; 
Daniel Cook, Constable; Hezekiah Cook, John Mitchell, Richard 
Mayberry, Samuel Dingley, Francis Symonds, James Leach, Ephraim 
Whitney, John Small, Surveyors of Highways; Edward Mayberry, 
Samuel Leach, Surveyors of Boards; Samuel Dingley, Surveyor of 
Lumber, 

Elections were afterwards held in Eli Longley 's stable 
until 1834. 

.SELECT.MEN. 

I so:'..— Joseph Wight, Samuel Dingley, George Small. 
1801.— Joseph Wight, Edward Mayberry, George Small. 
1805.— Samuel Dingley, Daniel Small (3d), Joseph Wight. 
1806. — George Small, Joseph AVight, Henry Jordan. 
1807.— George Small, Daniel Small, Joseph Wight. 
1808. — Samuel Dingley, Samuel Leach, Henry Jord.an. 
1809.— Samuel Leach, George Small, Nathan Cook. 
1810.— Daniel Small, John Tukcy, Mark Leach, Jr. 
1811.— Samuel Leach, Daniel Small, Stephen Swett. 
1812. — Samuel Leach, Samuel Jordan, Mark Leach, Jr. 
1813. — Mark Leach, Samuel Jordan, AVilliam Dingley. 
1814. — Samuel Leach, Daniel Small, Henry Jordan. 
1815. — Samuel Leach, Henry Jordan, Nathan Cook. 
1816.— Daniel Small, John Smith, Ichabod M. Gay. 
1817. — Henry Jordan, Samuel Jordan, Nathan Cook. 
1818. — Henry Jordan, Samuel Leach, Joseph Wight. 
1819. — Samuel Leach, Henry Jordan, Joseph Dinglcy. 
1820. — Samuel Jordan, Henry Jordan, Mark Leach, Jr. 
1821. — Richard Manning, Mark Leach, Jr., Henry Jordan. 
1822. — Henry Jordan, Mark Leach, Zachariah Leach. 
1S23. — Zaohariah Le.ach, Henry Jordan, Richard Cook. 
1824.- Henry Jordan, Daniel Small, Richard Cook. 
1825. — Henry Jordan, Richard Cook, Zachariah Leacb. 
1826.— Henry Jordan, Richard Cook, Daniel Small. 
1827. — Henry Jordan, Richard Cook, Isaac Whitney. 
1828. — Henry Jordan, William Webb, Zachariah Leach. 
1829.— William Webb, Jonathan Leach, Uriah Gibbs. 
1830-31. — William Webb, Jonathan Leach, Henry Jordan. 

1832.- William Webb, Ephraim Browne, John Sawyer. 

1833. — John Cook, Ephraim Browne, John Sawyer, Dominicus Jor- 
dan (vacancy). 

1834. — James Webb, Henry Jordan, Peter Staples, Jr. 

1835. — James Webb, Ebenezer Ilayden, Charles Latham. 

1836. — Charles Latham, Robinson Cook, James M. Leach, 

1837. — Robinson Cook, James M. Leach, Joseph Symonds. 

1838.— Zachariah Leach, Jr., Isaiah Winslow, Ebenezer Strout. 

1839. — William Webl), Dominicus Jordan, John Nash. 

1840. — Dominicus Jordan, John Nash, Isaiah Gould. 

1841.- John Nash, Charles Latham, William Plummer. 

1842. — Charles Latham, Henry Jordan, Jr., William Plummer. 

1843.— Zachariah L. Whitney, Henry Jordan, Jr., Henry Tenney, Jr. 

1844. — Zachariah L. Whitney, Samuel S. Browne, Charles Latham. 

1845-40.— Zachariah L. Whitney, Samuel S. Browne, Wentworlh U. 
Lane. 

1847-48.- Samuel S. Browne, Mahlon D. Hayden, Matthew Churchill. 

]849._John Nash, Jesse Plummer, Jr., Matthew Churchill. 

1850. — John Nash, William Nason, Samuel S. Browne. 

1851. — Samuel S. Browne, William Nason, Matthew Churchill. 

1852. — William Plummer, James Strout, Stephen Fogg. 

1853.— William Nason, Samuel S. Browne, Matthew Churchill. 

1854.— AVilliam Nason, Samuel S. Browne, Randall Burton. 

1855-56. — John Sawyer, Samuel S. Browne, Matthew Churchill. 

1857.— Randiil Barton, Andrew Libby, Thomas Morrell. 

1S5S.— Samuel S. Browne, Andrew Libby. Thomas Morrell. 

1859-60.— William Nason, John Nash, William Small. 

1801.— William Small, Cyrus K. Bowker. Lyman B. Chipman. 

1862.— Ira Witham, Alvin B. Jord.in, William Morrell. 

1863. — Ira Witham, Francis Small, Bcla Latham. 

1804.— Francis Small, William Nason, Beta Latham. 



TOWN OF RAYMOND. 



357 



1805.— Francis Small, Elijah Fulton, John D. Ppiller. 
1866.— William Rolfe, Jr., William Small, Ei-astus A. Plum'mcr. 
IS67.— Henry J. Lane, Erastus A. Plummcr, David Nash. 
ISfiS.— Ilcnry J. Lane, Joel Mason, llamden Spillcr. 
1809.— Henry J. Lane, Erastus A. Plummer, David Na.sh. 
1870.- Henry J. Lane, Gibson Plummcr, Jr., David Nufb. 
1871.— Zachariah L. Whi'ney, David Nash, Charles N. Wilson. 
1872.— Iknry J. Lane, David Nash, Charles N. Wilson. 
1873.— Henry J. Lane, Charles N. Wilson, Francis H. Witham. 
1874.— Charles N. Wilson, David Nash, William P. Hayden. 
1875.— Divvid Nash, Erastus A. Plummer, Benjamin W. Merrill. 
1876.— Erastus A. Plummer, Francis H. Witham, Jordan Brown. 
1877. — Charles N. Wilson, Francis H. Witham, Erastus A. Plummer. 
1878-79.— Francis H. Witham, Charles N. Wilson, William H. Smith. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Joseph Wight, 1803-8; Samuel Leach, 1809-12; William Dingley, 
1813: Samuel Leach, 1814-2i; Zachariah Leach, Jr., 1825; Wm. 
P. Ilolden, 1826-28; Zachariah Leach, Jr., 1829-30; Mark Leach, 
Jr., 1831; Zachariah Leach, 1832-35; Zachariah L. Whitney, 
1836-40; Joseph Symonds, 1841; Cyrus Jordan, 1842; William 
Plummer, 1843-49; Wentworth R. Lane, 1850-51; Nathaniel 
Staples, 1852 ; Lorenzo D. Stroul, 1853-54 ; Wentworth R. Lane, 
1855-64; Orrin B. Lane (vacancy), 1864; Orrin B. Lane, 1865- 
70; Francis H. Witham, 1871 ; Orrin B. Lane, 1872-79. 

TREASURERS. 
Samuel Dingley, 1803; Joseph Wight, 1804-5; George Small, 1806- 
15; Richard Manning, 1816-21; Eli Longley, 1822-27; Mark 
Leach (2d), 1828-31; Zachariah Leach, 1832-35; Zachariah L. 
Whitney, 1836-40; Joseph Symonds, 1841 ; Anson Jordan, 1842; 
John Sawyer, 1843-51; Joseph T. Sawyer, 1852; John Sawyer, 
1853; Ephraim Brown, 1854-56; John Sawyer, 1857-62; John 
Nash, 186.3-65; Henry J. Lane, 1866-67; John March, 1868; 
Alvin B. Jordan, 1869 ; Erastus A. Plummer, 1870-77; Henry 
J. Lane, 1878; Erastus A. Plummer, 1879. 

COLLECTOR AND CONSTABLE. 

Daniel Cook, 1803 ; Mark Leach, Jr., 1S04; Daniel Small (3d), 1805-6; 
Nathaniel Jordan, 1807; Mark Leach, Jr., 1808-9; Joseph 
Wight, 1810; Edward Jordan, 1811 ; John Smith, 1812; Stephen 
Swett, John Smith (vacancy), 1813 ; Stephen Swett, col.; Stephen 
Swett, John Smith, Mark Leach, Jr., Samuel Leach, 1814 ; Daniel 
Small, col. and con. ; Samuel Leach, con., 1315 ; Samuel Jordan, 
1816; Stephen Jilson, 1817; Joseph Wight, col. and con., Samuel 
Leach, con., 1818 ; Mark Leach, Jr., col. and con., Samuel Leach, 
con., 1819; Mark Leach, Jr., 1820-21; Joseph Wight, 1822; 
Daniel Small, 1823-24; Mark Leach, col. and con., Edward Jor- 
dan, con., 1825 ; Mark Leach, 1826-27 ; John Holdcn, 1828 ; Levi 
Holden, 1829 ; John Holden, 1830. 

Charles Latham (Eastern District), Eli Langlcy (Western District), 
1831 ; Ebenczer Strout (Eastern District), Mark Leach (Western 
District), 1832; James Webb (whole town), 1833; Ebenezer 
Strout (Eastern District), Barclay Wight (Western District), 
1834; Clement Hayden (whole town), 1835; John Nash, 1836-38 ; 
James M. Leach, Seth Gibbs (vacancy), 1839 ; Samuel S. Browne, 
1840; Ebenezer Strout, 1841 ; Anson Jordan, 1842; Zachariah L. 
Whitney, 1843-44; Ebenezer Strout, 1845; John Nash, 1846; 
George Small, 1847 ; John Nash, 1848 ; Lorenzo D. Strout, 1849 ; 
Joseph Browne, Jr., 1850-51 ; John Small, Jr., 1852; Thomas 
Morrill, 1853; Ira Witham, 1854; Oliver P. Jordan, 1855-56; 
John Nash, 1857-58; Alvin B. Jordan, 1859-61; Samuel B. 
Nash, 1862; Stillman A. Danforlh, 1863-65 ; Joshua R. Adams, 
1866; George S. Nash, 1867-69; Jordan Brown, 1870; Thomas 
Davis, 1871 ; Jordan Brown, 1872-74 ; Samuel B. Nash, 1875-76 ; 
Francis M. Nash, 1877; Andrew J. Witham, 1878; Francis M. 
Nash, 1879. 

RELIGIOUS. 
FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

The first religious meetings in Raymond were licld, pre- 
vious to 1790, by Eider Joseph Hutchin.son, an associate 
of Rev. Mr. Randall, the first Free-Will Baptist preacher. 



He was followed in 1790 by Elder James McOrson, Elder 

Nathan Merrill, and Elder William Iri.sh. Jesse Brown 
and Daniol Sniiill were the first persons baptized. Septem- 
ber 29tli, Elder Merrill baptized Moses and Martha Star- 
bird, John and Sarah Small, and Zachariah Leach. Nine 
others were baptized in November. These met at the house 
of Moses Starbird, Dec. ?>0, 1791, cho.se Zachariah Leach 
clerk, and appointed regular conference meetings for the 
future. In response to a re(iuest made by this society, 
Zachariah Leach was ordained Nov. 6, 1794, and entered 
immediately upon his duties, baptizing his first convert, 
Jeremiah Hayden, November 23d. A great revival oc- 
curred in 1798, including John Brown, Eliot I'lummer, 
and many others. Two meeting-houses were begun in 
1801 : one upon the height between John Maxfield's barn 
and John Mitchell's, now Casco, and one in the angle of 
the road leading from Zachariah Leach and John Small's 
to Portland, now the site of the cemetery on Raymond 
Hill. 

In 1804, Elijah Nash and Jeremiah Hayden were ap- 
pointed deacons, and Isaac Barton, clerk. Revival meetings 
were vigorously conducted in 1805, 1808, 1809, and 1815, 
the converts proceeding from the meeting to the water, 
where they were iiumediately baptized, or were baptized 
duriiig meetings, which were also held beside the ponds. 
In accordance with the requirements of the grant, to settle 
a learned Protestant minister. Rev. Mr. Leach was elected 
the first minister of Rayiuond, in 1817, and thereby re- 
ceived the ministerial lot, reserved by the Commonwealth. 
This he transferred to the school fund, two years after. 

Rev. Zachariah Jordan was ordained in 1818. Elder 
Leach was pastor until his death, Nov. 3, 1841. p]lder 
Josiah Kcene became pastor in 1 845 ; Lowell Parker, 
1846; William Chase, 1851 ; D. A. Maddox, 1853; Elder 
Brackett, 1854; Elder Henson, John Pinkham, J. S. Pot- 
ter, 1867-70 ; Urial Chase, 1871-74. Jeremiah H;iydin 
was licensed 1851, L. D. Strout, 1854. 

Deacons. — Elijah Nash, 1794-1849; John Jordan, 
1844; John Nash, 1851 ; John Rolf, 1858; Levi Jordan, 
1875-79 ; Charles Butters, 1875-79. 

Clerks. — Z. Leach, 1791; Joseph Symonds, 1824-33; 
Thomas Jordan, John Rolf, Francis Small, to 1866 ; James 
Austin, to 1875 ; succeeded by Col. Thomas Davis, present 
clerk. Elbridge Gerry is clerk of a branch society at 
Raymond village. 

The present meeting-house was built near the old one 
on the hill north of East Raymond in 1S34, and dedicated 
by Elder Joseph White, assisted by Elders Z. Leach and 
J. Phinney. In 1842 the church resolved, as a part of 
their covenant, — 

"We agree that ive will not make, vend, nor use as a beverage or 
drink, ardent spirits of auy kind." 

This had received the signatures of 181 members previous 
to 1858. The present membership is 56. 

Five hundred dollars, left the church by Deacon John 
Small, in 1855, was invested in a parsonage on Raymond 
Hill. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 
In the summer of 1814, Rev. Allen H. Cobb began 
preaching in the proprietors' meeting-house on Raymond 



358 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Hill. He was succeeded by Rev. Joseph Ireson, who 
formed a chiss of five members, — Thomas and Slatira Files, 
Betsey Strout, and Ale.x. Alexander and wife. A meeting- 
house was built at East Raymond by Thomas Files, George 
and Daniel Small, between 1816 and 1820, and is still in 
u.se. The class was changed from Portland to Gray circuit 
in 1820, to Otisfield in 18:52, Raymond in 1841, and Ray- 
mond and Casco in 1843. 

The Methodist Episcopal parish of Raymond was incor- 
porated July 12, 1823, with E. Strout, Clerk; Thomas 
Files, Joseph Wight, and Levi Small, A.ssessors ; Daniel 
Small, Collector; George Small. Treasurer. In 1844 there 
was a class on Raymond Cape with Alfred Manes, leader ; 
in East Raymond, Simeon S. Nash, leader; and two classes 
in Casco, Daniel Nash, recording steward, 1844. A class 
was formed in Raymond village in 1870, with John F. 
Woodman, leader. Levi Small, George Strout, and Simeon 
S. Nash were class-leaders previous to 1845. Present 
class-leaders, John F. Woodman, Gibeon Plummer, Samuel 

B. Nash, leader and recording steward, 1869-78 ; Marcus 
Nash, leader, 1809-78. 

Faslors.—J. L. Bishop, 1820 ; C. Fogg, 1820-21 ; 
Peter Ayer, 1823; James Jacques, 1824; P. P. Morrill, 
1825; J. Briggs, 1826; Silas Frink, 1827; Moses San- 
derson, 1828; Oliver Bennett, 1829; Abel Alton, 1830; 
A. P. Millman, 1831 ; Isaac F. Moore, 1832-33; George 

D. Strout, 1834 ; A. F. Barnard, 1836 ; J. Lull, 1837-38 ; 
Dan Perry, 1839; Benjamin Foster, 1840-41; J. Hatch, 
1842; Cyrus Phoenix, 1843-44 ; T. Jordan, 1845 ; T. B. 
Chase, 1846; William Folyard, 1847; John Fairbanks, 
1848 ; Simeon W. Pierce, 1849 ; Benjamin Lufkin, 1850- 
51 ; S. W. Pierce, 1852; Stephen H. Toby, 1853; Jesse 
Stone, 1854; Sargent S. Shaw, 1856; John Fairbanks, 
1857; PhineasLibby, 1858; Marcus Wight, 1859; James 

C. Strout, 1860; Samuel P. Blake, 1861; S. S. Gray, 
1862; J. W. Sawyer, 1863-64; J. H. PiUsbury, 1868- 
69; James Nixon, 1870; P. B. Sawyer, 1871; C. W. 
Dealtry, 1873 ; Delano Berry, 1876-77 ; Thomas J. True, 
1878-79. 

Membership, 1869, 61. 

Tr)is(ees. — George S. Nash, Gibeon Plummer, J. F. and 
James 0. Woodman, M. W. Nash. 

A fine church building was erected at Raymond village 
in 1879 by William H. Smith, David Plummer, Jr., Miss 
Margaret Ann Leach, Mrs. Abbie M. Smith, and Stephen 
Hamlin, trustees of the Raymond Village Union Parish, 
which was organized for that purpose. The Ladies' Mite 
Society contributed $700 towards its erection, which cost 
$2200. Erastus A. Plummer is treasurer of the parish. 

ASSOCIATIONS. 
PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. 
Riverside Grange, No. 93, was organized Jan. 12, 1875, 
with 40 members. First officers : Robert T. Smith, Mas- 
ter ; Gibeon P. Davis, Overseer ; Gibeon Plummer, Lecturer ; 
William H. Smith, Steward ; Alvin K. Plummer, Chaplain ; 

E. A. Plummer, Treas. ; Z. L. Whitney, Sec. ; Mrs. 
Abbie Smith, Ceres. Officers 1879: Gibeon Plummer, 
Master; F. A. Brown, Overseer; William H. Smith, 
Lecturer; B. H. Nason, Steward ; Elbridge Gerry, Chap- 



lain ; Je.sse Plummer, Sec. ; Z. L. Whitney, Treas. ; Mrs. 
Isabel Nason, Ceres. 

TEMPERANCE REFORM CLUB 

was organized Nov. 2, 1875, with W. H. Smith, President ; 
James M. Leach, Vice-President ; R: T. Smith, Secretary. 
1879, — W. H. Smith, President; Jesse Plummer, Vice- 
President; George M. Leach, Secretary; James M. Leach, 

Treasurer. 

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 

Hiiwtlwrne Lodge, No. 16, was organized Dec. 19, 1877. 
Charles 0. Rowe, C. C. ; Henry Harmon, V. C. ; Robert 
T. Smith, P. ; Daniel H. Chipman, M. of E. ; W. H. II. 
Spiller, M. of F. ; Alvin E. Plummer, K. of R. and S. ; 
Bani Nason, M. of A. Present membership, 49. Officers, 
1879: Frank H. Boody, C. C. ; Lester N. Jordan, V. C. ; 
Hiram M. Cash, P. ; Levi Weseott, M. of A. 

I. 0. OF G. T. 

Ilaicthorne Lodge, No. 62, was organized Feb. 10, 1879, 
with 41 members. William Mitchell, W. C. T. ; Miss 
Abbie J. Brown, W. V. T. ; Fred. E. Plummer, P. W. C. 
T. ; Willis Rolf, Chaplain; Lewellyn Welch, Sec; Miss 
Plummer, Lee. ; W. H. Smith, Lodge Deputy. The Watch- 
man's Club, organized 1850, was a vigorous reform club, 
and did much towards establishing the prohibitory law. 



The first appropriation for schools recorded was a tax of 
£40, in 1801. An act authorizing the sale of school lands, 
then consisting of seven lots, was passed June 14, 1814, 
and Stephen Swett, Esq., Samuel Leach, Dan Small, 
Joseph Wight, and William Dingley were made the first 
trustees of Raymond school fund. In September, 1819, 
Rev. Zachariah Leach transferred the two lots reserved to 
him for the ministry and ministerial support to the school 
fund. In 1804 the Eastern meeting-house was repaired 
and used for schools, and soon after the other was also used 
for a school. There were, in 1878, 11 districts with school- 
houses valued at $3000, and 416 school children, of whom 
348 attended school. A high school is held in winter, at 
Raymond village. Present school fund, $1336.50. Super- 
visor, 1879, Robert T. Smith. 

PHYSICIANS. . 

Dr. Levi Brigham, 1804-18; Dr. Winthrop Brown, 
1819-35; Dr. William Plummer, 1835-55; Dr. Gitchell, 
1865-68; Cyrus K. Bowker, 1858-62; Geo. Sylvester, 
1873 ; Dr. Lester H. Jordan, 1874-79. 

Among the prominent men of Raymond are William 
Small, Benjamin W. Merrill, Henry J. Lane, Charles Cole, 
Jesse Plummer, James Strout. Gibeon Plummer, John 
Mason, George M. Leach, and Elbridge Gerry. 

MILITARY. 

SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. 
George Strout, Prince Strout, Thomas Crisp, John Cash, 
William Shurtliffe, Hezekiah Jordan, Andrew Brown, 
Knight, Joshua Brown, Mark Leach, Eli Longiey. 



TOWN OF SCARBOROUGH. 



359 



WAR OF 1812. 
Nathaniel Jordan, Simeon Small, Levi Small, William 
RofF, Benjamin Davis, Samuel Davis, Hczekiali Jordan, 
Tyler. 

EX-MILITIA OFFICERS OF RAYMOND AND CASCO. 

Colonels, Joseph Dingley, Nathaniel Jordan, Eben Serib- 



ner, Edwin Jordan ; Lieutenant-Colonels, Collins Strout, 
James Leach, Thomas Davis; Major, Jonas Jordan ; Cap- 
tains, Jesse Plumnier, William Cook, Joseph Syinonds, 
Benjamin Maybcrry, Stephen Hall, Jacob Dingley, Jcthro 
Libby, Mahlon D. Haydcn, William Brown, Joseph Tukey, 
Ebenezer Hayden. 



SCARBOROUGH. 



SITUATION AND PHYSICAL FEATURES. 

This town is situated in the southwest corner of Cumber- 
land County, upon the sea-coast, from which it extends into 
the interior about eight miles. It is bounded on the north- 
west by the towns of Gorham and Buxton, on the north- 
east by Westbrook and Cape Elizabeth, on the southeast 
by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the southwest by the town 
of Saco, in York County. The "Beach" of this town, 
which is one of the most beautiful and noted on the New 
England coast, is resorted to by many in summer, for the 
excellent advantages it affords for surf-bathing and for en- 
joying the cool sea-breeze which constantly comes in from 
the ocean, rendering it comfortable at any of the hotels 
during the most extreme heat of the sca.son. It is accessi- 
ble by the Eastern and the Boston and Maine Railroads, the 
latter of which has a station at the Beach, and at Pine 
Point. The principal hotels are the Black Rock House, 
at the bay, and the Kirkwood and Atlantic, at the main 
beach. The sea-view is fine here, being unobstructed by 
islands. 

The general surface of Scarborough is flat, though in the 
northwestern part of the town the hills rise to a considera- 
ble elevation. It has a large tract of salt marsh adjoining 
the sea ; the interior is sandy, with considerable portions of 
clay and loam, and intervale upon the rivers. 

The principal streams of the town are the Dunston, or 
New River, the Nonesuch, Libby's River, and the Spur- 
wink, which forms a portion of the southeastern boundary. 
New River has several branches, the chief of which are 
Oriocoag River and Mill Creek. The villages or hamlets 
are Dunstan, West Scarborough, Blue Point, Oak Hill, and 
Coal Kiln Corners. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

There is pretty good evidence that the first settler in this 
town was John Stratton, from whom Stratton's Islands took 
their name, and that he settled here and was engaged in 
fishing and trade with the Indians prior to the grant made 
to Cammock in 1631. It is believed that his residence was 
on the island still bearing his name. That he had given 
his name to the place before the grant to Cammock is evi- 
dent from the fact that that name was known in England, 
and the islands are styled " Stratton's Islands" in the grant. 



The only records which there seem to be of Stratton are 
those of the court held at Saco, March 25, 1G36, when 
Edward Godfrey petitioned for an attachment of a brass 
kettle belonging to Mr. John Stratton for a debt which had 
been due about three years ; and a mention of him as one 
of the claimants in the original charter of Wells, given by 
Thomas Gorges in 1643. At that time Stratton was prob- 
ably living at Salem, where he was settled in 1637.* 

The first legal proprietor within the town was Capt. 
Thomas Cammock, to whom the Council of Plymouth 
granted 1500 acres of land between Black Point and Spur- 
wink River. Cammock was a nephew of the Earl of War- 
wick, at that time a leading member of the Council of 
Plymouth. The patent bears date Nov. 1, 1631, but Cam- 
mock had come to New England in 1G30, and for three 
years had been an agent at Piseataqua (now Portsmouth) 
for Mason and Gorges. These propiietors in 1633 granted 
him a tract of land on the eastern bank of the Piscalar|ua, 
extending halfway to the river Agamenticus. Delivery 
was given him of the Black Point patent, May 23, 1033, 
by Capt. Walter Neale, and he seems to have immediately 
taken possession. Soon after he was joined by Henry 
Jocelyn, a former friend, who had aLso been an agent at 
Piscataqua; and in 1040 Cammock made his will, by 
which he gave his real and personal estate to his " well- 
beloved friend" and companion, Henry Jocelyn, only re- 
serving to himself 500 acres, to be disposed of at his death 
as he pleased. The remainder of the estate was to become 
Jocelyn's immediately after the death of himself and wife. 
Cammock died in the West Indies in September, 1643, and 
Jocelyn soon after married his widow. 

Cammock was a man of a retiring turn of mind, who 
seems to have been contented to enjoy the quiet beauties 
of his .sea-side home, and the company of such friends as 
his good wife Margaret and the brothers Henry and John 
Jocelyn. It is not known that he took part in the admin- 
istration of public affairs more than once during his resi- 
dence at Black Point, — then he acted as one of the com- 
missioners of the province of New Somersetshire, in the 
year 1633. 

Among the planters who settled near Cammock were 

* Fell's Annals of Salem. 



3G0 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY,- MAINE. 



Stophc'ii Latliorne and Ambrose Boaden, in 1640; both 
built thuir iiouses near the Spurwink. Ambrose Boaden 
had been captain and owner of the vessel in which Cam- 
mock and his wife came to America, and he received his 
land near Spurwink in part payment for the passage. Here 
Boaden resided till his death. He was for many years the 
Spurwink ferryman, having been appointed by the court, 
which fixed his charges at two pence a person, ready pay, 
but three pence if he was obliged to charge the same in a 
book. In 1670 he became blind, and remained so till his 
death, in 1675. 

For three years after Caniraock's arrival there was no 
other part of the town occupied, c-xeept by Indians. The 
next principal settlement was at Blue Point, in 1636, by 
Richard Foxwcll and Henry Watts. They were .supposed 
to have settled on the grant made to Thomas Lewis and 
Richard Donython by the Council of Plymouth, Feb. 12, 
1630, and had been brought over by the proprietors in part 
fulfillment of their agreement to settle fifty planters on their 
patent in a period of .seven years. But a survey showed 
that they' were not within the bounds of the grant. 

John Bonython, the only son of Richard, the patentee, 
was known throughout the province and Massachusetts as 
an invincible rebel. None of their laws eould be made to 
reach him. He thought nothing of being outlawed by the 
General Court, nor did he show any disposition to regard the 
authority of the government until Massachusetts also pro- 
claimed him a rebel and set a price upon his head ; then 
he submitted rather than lose his life. It was doubtless 
this troublesome character for whom a rhymer of those days 
intended the following epitaph : 

"Here lies Bonython. the sn-aniorc of Siico ; 
He lived a rogue and died a knave, and went to Ilohbovvocko."* 

Foxwell died in 1676. He had been a member of the 
General Assembly of Ligonia in 1648; one of the commis- 
sioners of the town in 1664 and 1668; clerk of the writs 
for Scarborough in 1658 and 1665; and was again elected 
in 1668, but declined. He had three sons, John, Richard, 
and Philip, none of whom left children but John, who had 
one son, Nathaniel, at whose death the male branch of the 
family became extinct. Philip was one of the selectmen of 
the town in 1681. He removed to Kittery in 1690, and 
died there the same year. 

Henry Watts removed from Saco to Blue Point with Mr. 
Foxwell in 1636, and settled upon the plantation adjoining. 
Tiie first notice of him in the records occurs in the pro- 
ceedings of the court, September 15, 1640, when he was 
"presented" witli one Frctby, for "carrying bords" on the 
Sabbath. It appears that George Cleaves, as deputy-presi- 
dent of Ligonia under Rigby, had assumed to dispose of 
grants of land at Blue Point, and had granted a small 
tract to Walts. In 1673, Watts sold one half of his whole 
plantation, including the grant from Cleaves, to Ralph 
Allison. Watts had built the first mill in town, on Fox- 
well's Brook, on the western side of the Point, and it 
appears from the deed to Allison, in which the land and 
mill were conveyed, that the settlement had been named 



* The Satan of the lodians.- 
liistoriciil Collections. 



-Fohum'n Sum andJIkliU/ord. Maine 



" Cockell," though from what the name is derived is un- 
known. Watts took an active part in the political affairs 
of tlie town and province. He was a member of the Gen- 
eral Assembly of the Province of Ligonia in 1648; com- 
missioner for Falmouth and Scarborough in 1659; constable 
of Scarborough in 1660 ; commissioner in 1661, 1662, and 
1664. He was living at Blue Point in 1085, being upwards 
of seventy-one years of age. The date of his death is not 
known. The next settlers at Blue Point were George 
Bearing and Nicholas Edgecomb, some time after whom 
came Hilkiah Bailey and Edward Shaw. Tristram Alger 
also lived here about the same time of the last mentioned. 

Roger Bearing, who died at Blue Point in 1676, is sup- 
po.sed to have been a son of George Bearing. A grandson, 
by the name of Roger, came from Kittery and .settled here 
about 1700. 

Nicholas Edgecomb was a member of the younger branch 
of the noble family of Edgecomb, of Mount Edgecomb, 
England. Sir Richard Edgecomb received a grant from 
Gorges of 8000 acres of land in the town, which was for a 
long time afler his death the subject of controversy. A 
descendant of Nicholas Edgecomb, probably his grandson, 
was agent for the Edgecomb estate ; he lived at Blue Point 
about twenty years, and then removed to Saco. His sons 
were Robert and John, and probably Michael and Christo- 
pher, who were living here in 1675. Robert was married 
to Rachel Gibbons, of Saco, where he died in 1730, aged 
seventy-four. John was one of the selectmen of Saco in 
1686. Of the daughters, Mary married George Page, of 
Saco, and after his death John Ashton, of Blue Point, 
afterwards of Marblehoad, Mass. Joanna married a Mr. 
Puncheon, of Boston. 

William Smyth first settled at Blue Point in 1040; 
thence he removed to Black Point, where he resided at the 
time of his death. He and Foxwell were the appraisers of 
Cammock's estate, in 1643. He had a brother Richard, 
and two sisters, living at Worcester, England, in 1661, and 
it is probable that he was a native of that city. He was 
born in 1587, and died at Black Point, in March, 1676. 
Richard Smyth, who was one of the witnesses to the de- 
livery of Black Point to Cammock, in 1633, w.as probably 
the brother of William, who was living in Worcester, in 
1661. If so, he remained in the province but a few years. 

Hilkiah Bailey and Edward Shaw settled at Blue Point 
before 1648, for a deposition of Smyth's shows that they 
had been some time there when Rigby 's government was 
established, and that was in 1648. Bailey was the father of 
Jona. Bailey, who died at Blue Point in 1663. Shaw left 
a son, Richard, who lived a number of years on his father's 
estate, and sold it, in 1662, to John Howell. 

Most of the early settlers above referred to were prop- 
erly planters, for they gave their attention to agriculture, 
and the improvement of their estates. 

The third principal settlement within the town was 
made at Bnn.stan, about the year 1651, by the brothers 
Andrew and Arthur Alger (sometimes erroneously spelled 
Augur). Mr. H. Ilight, a resident of Dunstan, who has 
given some attention to its early history, says, — 

"The lirst authentie account of tho brothers, Andrew and Arthur 
Alger, relates that in the jcnr 1645 they resided at i^tralton's Wand, 





Mrs. Joseph Larrabee. Joseph Larrabee. 

( PMOTOS. BY I.AMSON ) 




Residence of BENJAMIN larrabee, Swrboro:me 



TOWN OF SCARBOROUGH. 



361 



iiiiil had 11 number of fishermen in their employ. Several depositions 
in the York County records refer to the faet thiit they cauie from a 
village called Dunstan, in England. In ono old record we find that 
Arthur signed his name 'Arthur Alger, Jr.' This may indicate that 
his father's name was Arthur. The deposition of John lioaden says, 
'Arthur who was Lieutenant." 

" It is now (1S7S) near two hundred and thirty years since they first 
rowed up the Dunstan River. They came from the vicinity of Black 
Point and ]mrsued the course of the flood-tide until they arrived at 
or near Dunstan Landing. Some time in the year 1651 they purchased 
of the Indian .sagamore, who resided .at Blue Point, a tract of land 
containing near 1000 acres. In the year 1654, Arthur, with his wife, 
and Andrew, with his family, were fully established at Dunstan. The 
purchase made in 1651 was confirmed by a second acknowledgment 
of the sale, 'dated ll'th of December, 1659,' and reads as follows: 

" ' Declaration of Jane, the Indian, of Scarborough, concerning 
lands.' 

'" This aforesaid Jane, alias Uphanum, doth declare that her mother, 
namily Naguasqua, the wife of Wackwarrawaskec, Sagamore, and 
iu-r brother, Ugagaguskis and herself, namely Uphanum, coequally 
hath sould unto Andrew Alger and to his brother Arthur Alger a tract 
of land, beginning at the mouth of ye river called Blue Point River 
where the river doth part, and soc bounded up along with the river 
called Owascoag. in Indian, and soc up three score pooles above the 
falls on one side, and on the other side bounded up along with the 
northernmost river that draineth by the great hill of Abram Josclyn's 
and goeth northward, bounding from the head of ye river southwest, 
and soe to the aforesaid bounds, namely, three score pooles above the 
Falls. 

"'This aforesaid Ui)hauum doth declare that her mother and 
brother and shee hath already in hand received full satisfaction of the 
aforesaid Algers for the aforesayd, the land, from the beginning of the 
world to this day, provided on conditions that for tyme to come from 
year to year, yearly, the aforesaid Algers shall peaceably suifer Up- 
hanum to plant in Andrew Alger's field soe long as Uphanum and her 
mother, Neguasqua, doe both live, and alsoe one bushi of come for 
acknowledgement every year soe long as they both shall live. 

'" Uphanum doeth declare that ye bargain was made in the year 
1651, unto which she doeth subscribe her mark of 

(Signed) " ' Ui'Hanum X.' 

"Just previous to the breaking out of the Indian war of 1675, 
when the war spirit began to show itself among the Indians of this 
eastern section, the Algers, thinking — we presume — that it might be 
for the interest of peace in their then flourishing settlement, obtained 
a third acknowledgment of ' the sayle, dated May the 27th, 167'1.' 

" They were now — excepting the apprehension of Indian troubles — 
very pleasantly situated on their clearing. Three of Andrew's daugh- 
ters were married, and with their husbands were residing on the pur- 
chase. Others had settled around them. 

"Joanna Puncheon's deposition says, 'They made large improve- 
ments on their farms, and sold considerable quantities of grain 
yearly.' On the salt marshes they could cut hay for their cattle for 
winter, and around them their cattle found feed in summer. They 
had a house at the ' Neck' which they made their rendezvous in the 
best season for fishing. The fish furnished them oil for their lamps, 
anil together with the products of the land, the dairy, and the abun- 
dant supply of wild game, supplied them even to a degree of comfort- 
able independence. 

" We presume they were extremely anxious to maintain peace, but 
notwithstanding the Indians acknowledged that they had received 
lull satisfaction of the aforesaid Algers from the beginning of the 
world, — although from year to year, yearly, the aforesaid Algers had 
peaceably suffered Uphanum to plant in Andrew Alger's fields, and 
although for more than twenty years they had been on terms of 
friendship, and every year the 'bushel of corne' had been given as a 
peace offering, — still, these settlers could not fail to soe that an Indian 
war, with all its horrors, was about to burst upon them. 

" Early in the autumn of 1675 they were warned to assemble at the 
garrison, and thoy removed their families to Sheldon's garrison, at 
Black Point. Probably at the time of the removing of their families 
they carried many of their goods with them, and again they went to 
Dunstan with an escort of soldiers to guard them and assist them to 
carry off their goods. 

"On the 12th of October, 1675, Andrew and Arthur, accompanied 
by some relatives, went up to their cabins to get some of their effects 

46 



that they had hitherto been unable to remove. They were attacked 
by the Indians. It is quite impossible at this time to ascertain the 
particulars concerning the attack. Tradition among their descend- 
ants .says they were attacked when on their way back to the garrison, 
— ' that Andrew was killed and Arthur was mortally wounded.' South- 
gate, in the ' History of Scarborough,' says 'they wore in their cabins 
at the time of the attack.' However this may be, it is perhaps 
enough for us to know that on the 12th of October, two hundred and 
three year.-i ago, the ' Enemy Indians made an attack upon these the 
first settlers of Dunstan. The casualties were Andrew Alger killed, 
and Arthur .\lger mortally wounded. 

" ' The deposition of Peter Witham, aged 72 years, testificth that I, 
about 52 or :! years ago, then being in the country's service, under the 
command of Capt. John Wincoll, and being posted with other soldiers 
at Blue Poynt, at Mr. Foxwell's (Jarrison, went up to Dunstan to guard 
Andrew and Arthur Alger, and we assisted them to carry off their 
grain. Some days after which the said Andrew and Arthur, with 
some of their relatives, went from Shelton's Garrison to Dunstan to 
bring off some of their goods, and were beset by the Indians, and 
said Andrew was killed and said Arthur was mortally wounded. 
And I did help to carry one off, and also to bury them both.' 

" The deposition from Joanna Puncheon says, ' One Robert Nichols, 
who lived on their land, was killed with his wife in the beginning of 
the Indian war, in wheat harvest and some weeks after Andrew and 
Arthur was killed in Indian harvest.' Arthur probably survived 
long enough to make his will, by which he gave his property to his 
wife, Ann Alger. 

" The relatives referred to in Witham's deposition might have been 
the sons-in-law of Andrew, or his son John, or other persons. Giles 
Roberts, who resided in Scarboro' in 1662, speaks of Arthur Alger 
as his loving brother-in-law. In an old deed, now more than txvo 
hundred years old, we find the following: 'I, Arthur Alger, for the 
love and good-will which I have and do bear towards my loving 
cousen, Abram Roberts, have given him one hundred acres of land,' etc. 

"From these facts we learn they were not without relatives in the 
settlement. 

" They had much to do with the affairs of the times in which they 
lived. Andrew took an active part in opposition to Cleaves, who 
claimed to have authority from Rigby to govern the province. He 
was at different times one of the selectmen, constable, etc. 

"Arthur was for several years attorney for the town, and held other 
important positions. 

" The deposition of John Boaden, 1730, says, ' They were persons of 
note and good character.' There is not a word to indicate that they 
were other than high-minded, honorable men, and much to confirm 
our opinion that they were honest, fair-dealing pioneers. 

•' Their widows soon removed from the scenes of their afflictions. 
The widow of Arthur removed to Marblehead, Mass. She had no 
children. 

" By the following, from the book of Eastern Claims, we infer that 
she married again : ' Auu Walker, formerly relict of Arthur .\lger, 
claims a tract of land (here is copied the old Indian decil to the Algers) 
which was conveyed by his last will and tc'^tament. dated 1675. to his 
wife, Ann Alger.' 

"The widow of Andrew removed to Boston. Probably at that time 
all, or nearly all, of her children had become of age." 

The Algers gave the name of Dunstan to their settlement 
in commemoration of their native town in Somersetshire, 
England.* It was at a later periotl transferred to the set- 
tlement at the landing, and .still later to the village. 

In the division of the Alger estate, Arthur took the 
northern part, which was separated from his brother's by a 
brook. He died without issue. Andrew had six children, 
— three sons, John, Andrew, and Matthew, and three daugh- 
ters. Elizabeth married John I'almer ; Joanna married 
first, Elias Oakman, and second, John Mills, who lived in 
Boston, where she died; and the third married John 
Austin. John, the son of Andrew, had several daughters, 

» Boadcn's deposition. The town referred to was probably Dunslor 
or Dunstorre, in Somersetshire. — Willi: 



362 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



one of whom, Elizabeth, married John Milliken, house- 
wright, first of Boston, then of Scarborough. The de- 
scendants of the Millikens still reside at Dunstan, among 
whom are J. A. Milliken, the present clerk of the town of 

Scarborough, and Milliken, who has attained the age 

of ninety-six years. 

Andrew Alger, Jr., was master of a vessel, and was 
killed in Falmouth in 1690, leaving one daughter, wife of 
Matthew Collins. Matthew Alger was master of one of 
the transports in Sir William Phipps' expedition to Canada, 
and died of the fleet-fever soon after his return. He was 
the last surviving male of that race, and the name in this 
branch is extinct in this country. The widow of the first 
Andrew married Samuel Walker. Several of Andrew's 
children were married and settled near him before his 
death : first, John, then Palmer ; the others followed, 
fronting the marsh in the neighborhood of the Dr. South- 
gate place, whose farm was a part of the Alger estate. 

The settlement at Black Point increased more rapidly 
than the other two, and became one of the most flourishing 
and important places on the coast. John Jocelyn (" Voy- 
ages," page 200) thus speaks of it in 1671: "Six miles 
to the westward of Saco, and forty miles from Gorgiana 
(York), is seated the town of Black Point, consisting of 
about fifty dwelling-houses, and a magazine or dogonne, 
scatteringly built ; they have a store of neat [cattle] and 
horses, of sheep near upon 700 or 800, much arable and 
marsh land, salt and fresh, and a corn-mill. To the south- 
ward of the Point (upon which are stages of fishermen) lie 
two small islands ; beyond the Point northeastward runs 
the river Spurwink." 

CAREER OF HENRY JOCELYN. 

Henry Jocelyn was for over forty years the principal man 
in the town, and one of the most distinguished inhabitants 
of the province. He was the son of Sir Thomas Jocelyn, 
Knight, of Kent, England, whence he came to New Eng- 
land as chief agent of Mason, at Piseataqua, in 1634, and 
the following year removed to Black Point. He was one of 
the counselors of the province of New Somersetshire upon 
the organization of the government in 1635. His com- 
mission was renewed under the patent of 1639, and he 
was a member of the first court at Saco, June 25, 1640. 
By this court John Wilkinson was sworn constable of 
Black Point, and a similar ofiicer was appointed for Fal- 
mouth. This is the earliest record of the appointment of 
a town oflBcer for either of these towns. Upon the organi- 
zation of lligby's government, in 1648, Mr. Jocelyn 
was made one of the judges of Ligonia, the others being 
George Cleaves and Robert Jordan. 

Mr. Jocelyn was strongly opposed to the submission of 
the province to Ma.ssachusetts. After the western .settle- 
ments had submitted, in 1653, Jocelyn and Jordan held 
out against it for the next five years, being zealous and 
consistent loyalists; and when summoned, in 1654, to 
appear before the commissioners of that obtrusive colony 
at York, they refu.sed to recognize her authority and de- 
clined to appear. During the same year Jordan (who was 
an Episcopal clergyman ) was arrested and imprisoned in 
Boston for persisting in ba2)tiziiig children according to 



the forms of the church, although repeatedly forbidden to 
do so by the authority of Massachusetts. He was released, 
and in a short time he and Jocelyn were arrested and re- 
quired to give bonds for their appearance before the 
General Court. They did not yield their opposition to 
what they considered usurpation on the part of IMas- 
sachusett,s until convinced that they could do so without 
the sacrifice of principle, or, at least, saw that a settlement 
of the wearisome controversy would be for the best good 
of the country, under existing circumstances. In 1657 
they made their appearance before the General Court, and 
were discharged from their bonds. In 1658, Black Point, 
Richmond Island, and Casco submitted to the authority and 
jurisdiction of Massachusetts before a court of commissioners 
held at the house of Robert Jordan, near the mouth of the 
Spurwink, in July of that year. 

Twent^'-eight persons signed the compact, of whom the 
following fourteen were inhabitants of Scarborough : Henry 
Jocelyn, Richard Foxwell, Henry Watts, Samuel Oakman, 
Abraham FoUen, Andrew Browne, Ambrose Boaden, Sr., 
Michael Moddiver, Thomas Hamweth. John Tenney, Arthur 
Alger, Jr., Nicholas Edgecomb, Ambrose Boaden, Jr., and 
George Taylor. 

In these articles of submission it is provided : " 7. That 
those places which were formerly called Black Point, Blue 
Point, and Stratton's Island, thereto adjacent, shall here- 
after be called by the name of Scarborough.* The bounds 
of which town, on the western .side, beginneth where the 
town of Saco endeth, and so runs along on the western side 
of the river Spurwink, eight miles back into the country." 
" 10. That the towns of Scarborough and Falmouth shall 
have commission courts to try causes as high as fifty pounds." 
" 11. That those two towns of Scarborough and Falmouth 
are to send one deputy yearly to the Court of Election, and 
have liberty to send two deputies if they see cause." 

Scarborough was named from the market-town of that 
cognomen in the North Riding of Yorkshire, England. 

Jocelyn and Watts were appointed commissioners for 
Scarborough, under the 10th article of the agreement. Mr. 
Jocelyn was also chosen one of the magistrates in 1 658, in 
September of which year a court was held in Scarborough 
by the a.ssociates for the county. Henry Jocelyn, Robert 
Jordan, Nicholas Shapleigh, Edward Rishworth, and Abra- 
ham Preble were the judges present. 

The government of Massachusetts was borne with pretty 
good grace till the accession of Cliarles II. to the throne of 
England, in 1660. This revived the hopes of the royalists 
in the province, and Jocelyn and others were less careful to 
conceal their ill-feeling towards the existing government, to 
which necessity, for a time, had compelled them to submit. 
In 1662, Jocelyn and Shapleigh (of Kittery) refused to take 
the oath of office as a.ssociate.s under Ma.ssachusetts. The 
government sent a commissioner, Capt. Waldron, to see to the 
enforcement of her authority. It was in vain : the recusant 
associates protested, and refused to take the oath. At the 
court, in 1663, not only Jocelyn and Jordan, who seem to 
be the leading rebels, but two strong reinforcements of their 



' The Inilian name of Scarborough was Oiro»co«y, — p)ace of iiiu li 
grasa. 



TOWN OF SCARBOROUGH. 



8GH 



party (ShapJeigh and Chainpernoon) were " presented" be- 
fore the General Court for acting against tiie authority of 
Massachusetts. But tliese proceedings liad no other effect 
than to strengthen them in tlieir opposition. The govern- 
ment, however, modified its policy, so that a temporary 
or partial reconciliation was effected, and the next year 
Scarborough made her returns to the General Court, which 
accepted Mr. Jocelyn as one of the commissioners. His 
remarkable political career closed in l(i7(>, in which year, 
or soon after, he removed to Plymouth. 

INDIAN HOSTILITIES. 

Hostilities in the first Indian war commenced in Massa- 
chusetts in June, 1675. The news of the first outbreak 
must have soon found way to the settlements along the 
coast. Then (we imagine) the settlers congregated here 
and there to talk of the prospects, some doubting whether 
war would come, some fearing it might, and all hoping for 
a continuation of peace. 

The emissaries of King Philip were soon among the 
different tribes, where they probably found willing listeners, 
especially among the Indians (then living) who could re- 
member the tim.e when no white man had an habitation in 
all the land. Envy and hatred with the wildest infatuations 
of war soon prevailed in all their councils, and powerful 
bands of hostile savages might properly enough be imag- 
ined anywhere in the depth of the wilderness, ready to fall 
upon and destroy the weakest and most defenseless settle- 
ments. 

Among the first acts of hostility on the Maine frontier 
was the attack upon Saco, and the killing of Robert 
Nichols and his wife, at their homes on the south .side of 
Dunstan, in time of wheat harvest (middle of September), 
1675. About the same time the news of the inhuman 
murder of the Wakely family on the eastern side of the 
" Presumpscot," spread among the settlements. (Lieut. 
George Ingersoll, of " Casco," who was the first to visit 
that scene of horror, had during these troublesome times 
frequent communication with Black Point.) October 12tli. 
Andrew Alger, of Dunstan, was killed, and his brother Ar- 
thur was mortally wounded. One deposition says, " Their 
families, and their children and their families, were drove 
off, their houses and barns were burnt, their cattle killed, 
and the chief of all they had was destroyed." During 
the later part of the autumn of 1675, news of savage 
attacks upon the settlements, east and west, came in rapid 
succession. 

We learn from Hcottows Journal that, about the last of 
October, forty Boston soldiers were added to the force at 
Black Point. Capt. Joshua Scottow was in command, and 
Black Point garrison was the headquarteis of " ye Maine 
Guard." October 31st, Capt. John Wincoll with sixty 
men was sent up to Dunstan to save corn and fight the In- 
dians. November 2d, in the afternoon, twenty-nine of the 
inhabitants, while threshing grain, were nearly .surrounded 
by seventy or eighty Indians. They were relieved by a 
force under Sergt. Tippin. At this time Capt. Scottow 
seemed to have been extremely anxious to destroy the 
" barbarous enemy," and evidently expected a fight with a 
large force of Indians near Andrew Brown's house (across 



the marsh from Dunstan). But the Indians, choosing a 
difi'erent mode of warfare, " fell to burning houses, barns, 
hay-stacks, and all before them," thus leaving nothing for 
the soldiers to defend. November Gth, Capt. Wincoll with 
a force " went up the Nonesuch" to secure corn left in the 
deserted hou.scs and barns on the northeast side of the town. 
They had two skirmishes with the enemy. Samuel Ryall, 
one of the Boston soldiers, was mortally wounded. Early 
on Sunday morning, November 7th, the enemy burned 
houses and barns ; they ventured near Sheldon's garrison 
and burned eight or nine houses. As soon as the fires were 
discovered the soldiers and inhabitants at Black Point gar- 
rison hastened towards Sheldon's garrison, which was above 
musket-shot of the burning houses. Their advance was 
hindered by the tide, which had overflowed the road and 
bridge. As soon as they could pass they " .scour" the town 
towards the northeast. On their way they met Lieut. In- 
gersoll with twelve Casco men who came to "joyn" them, 
but they found no enemy. Early next morning Lieut. 
Ingersoll, with 60 men, went up to Saco Falls, but they 
found no enemy in that direction. Probably the main 
force of the Indians left this vicinity immediately after 
firing the houses on Sunday morning. That was the clos- 
ing scene of the Indian depredations for the season. They 
had burned nearly all the buildings in the town, had feasted 
upon the crops and cattle of the provident settlers, and 
now that cold weather was upon them they hastened away. 

In the spring of 1676 the settlers had hopes of peace ; 
the Boston soldiers no longer needed were " put to march- 
ing home by land.'" The death of King Philip and the 
conclusion of peace between the settlers and Indians in 
Massachusetts, in August, encouraged their hopes, but 
about the same time came the sad news of fresh outbreaks 
to the eastward. August 11th, a messenger from Falmouth 
came to Black Point begging for assistance. He brought 
a brief letter from Mr. Burroughs, the minister, which 
gave an account of 32 killed and carried away by the 
Indians. August 12tli, Mr. Jocelyn sent the letter to 
Brian Pendleton at Saco. So all the settlements were again 
alarmed. 

In October a strong force of the enemy, led by " Mugg," 
laid siege to Black Point garrison. Jocelyn parleyed with 
Mugg ; the inhabitants retreated in boats, and left Jocelyn 
and the garrison in possession of the enemy. So on Oct. 
12, 1676 (just one year from the attack on the Algei-s), 
Old Scarboro', that previous to the troubles was a flourish- 
ing town, with various settlements, several hundred inhab- 
itants, quite a number of fiirms, 100 houses, 1000 head of 
cattle, etc., was entirely abandoned, its buildings burned, 
and its farms desolate. 

During the winter of 1676-77, Mugg was constrained 
to make a treaty, and peace was considered certain. Tlie 
settlers returned to Black Point. But peace with these 
savages was only a treacherous name for war. Early in 
May a large force of Indians, commanded by the same 
"Mugg," laid siege to Black Point garrison. Three of 
the defenders were killed, and one, more unfortunate still, 
was taken prisoner. May 16th, Mugg was shot by Lieut. 
Tippin, and immediately the enemy " drew off." 

A little more than a mouth passed by and Black Point 



364 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



was a sceue of a most fearful conflict. A force of ninfety 
men, under Capt. Benjamin Sweet, was drawn into an 
ambusli, about two miles from the garrison, by an over- 
whelming number of savages. The struggle that followed 
was one of the most desperate recorded in the annals of 
those trying times. We might have known more concern- 
ing it but for the fact that Capt. Sweet and two-thirds of 
his force were numbered among the dead that laid along 
the line of their retreat. Tiius was the killing of Mugg, 
May 16th, terribly revenged on Tuesday morning, June 
29th. 

Soon after this event some settlers at Pemaquid con- 
cluded a peace with the Eastern Indians. This peace was 
ratified at Casco, April 12, 1G78. Thus ended the first 
Indian war. 

The peace that followed, however, was continually brooded 
over by apprehensions of war. We find the settlers at 
Scarboro', in IGSl, building a strong fortification between 
Moor's Brook and the southeastern end of the great pond. 
(The transactions concerning this fortification can be seen 
in the town record of that date.) In 1683 the General 
Court ordered the establishment of strong garrisons in all 
the towns. In 1685 no person was allowed to leave the 
town without permit from the commander of the militia. 

Confidence, and consequent prosperity, had hardly begun 
to return when the poor settlers were again alarmed by the 
tbreateniugs of war. 

The finst Indian war was a war against the settlers. The 
second had its origin in the courts of France and England. 
Blind religious zeal, 

" In hope to merit heaven by making earth a hell," 

found its way into the wilderness to encourage savages to 
deeds of horrid cruelty, that were described by one French 
writer of tho.se times as " actions brave and beautiful." 

The first act of hostility of this war fell upon North 
Yarmouth in September, 1689. Several were killed, — 
among them Walter Gendall, previously of Spurwink. A 
few days afterwards occurred Col. Church's fight at Fal- 
mouth. In this action Andrew Alger, Jr., of Dunstan, 
was killed. 

In May, 1690, 500 French and Indians came against 
Falmouth, and it was entirely destroyed. Immediately the 
occupants of the garrisons at Black Point and Blue Point 
drew ofi'. So Scarboro' was again entirely abandoned. 
The Peace of Ryswick in 1677 ended the war in Europe, 
but the news, unread by the savages and unrelished by their 
allies, brought no peace to Maine until January, 1699. 
Five years of peace and the " alarum" of war again aroused 
the settlements. Queen Anne's war commenced in 1702. 
Again the French and English were ready to destroy each 
other. In June, 1703, the assembled chiefs made most 
solemn pledges of friendship, but in less than two months 
500 French and Indians were laying waste the settlements 
and attacking garrison after garrison from Casco to Wells. 
Twenty-five were killed or carried away from I'urpooduek ; 
22 were killed at Spurwink ; at Winter Harbor 1 1 were 
killed, the garrison was captured, and 24 were taken pris- 
oners. Under Beaubasin, a Frenchman, they besieged the 
old garrison at Black Point, but a few brave men under 



Capt. John Larrabce, from whom one word of command 
was worth a score of men, held the fort. In 1707, Col. 
Hilton, with a considerable force, landed at Black Point 
and succeeded in killing 22 Indians without the loss of a 
man. About the time of the close of the war (1713j, 
Lieut. Hunniwell and 19 others were ambushed by 
200 Indiaiis, near the Great Pond, and only one of their 
number escaped. William.son says, " The Indians imme- 
diately beset the garrison, in which remained a small party 
of defenders, who maintained a gallant defense until they 
found an opportunity to escape to a vessel in the harbor; 
then the triumphant enemy set the garrison on fire. 

The peace which followed brought new life to the settle- 
ments, and the frontier was extended into the wilderness. 

In 1719 the town records, that were carried to Boston 
tbirty-one years before for safe-keeping, were brought back 
to the town and the town government was reorganized. 
Subsequent Indian troubles did not drive oflF the settlers. 
They had come to stay. In 1722, Massachusetts declared 
war against the Eastern Indians. Col. Westbrook, then a 
resident of Scarboro', was placed in command of the forces. 
Some skulking bands of Indians committed depredations in 
the town, and in the old records we find- the following : 
" The dath of Thomas Lereby and his son, Anthony 
Lereby, who were killed by the Ingons April 19, 1723;" 
also, " The dath of Sarah Deering, the wife of Mr. Roger 
Deering, who was killed by the Ingons June the 26th day, 
anno. 1723." 

The destruction of the French and Indian settlements at 
Norridgewock (in which Scarboro' soldiers took an active 
part) put an end to the French influence, and the Indians 
and their wars, after the lesser troubles of 1745, gradually 
fell back westward. 

" A list of the inhabitants at Black Point Garrison, Oct. 12, 1676. 



Inyo 


Daniel Moore 


Living 


Ralphe Heison 


Qarison 


John Tenney 


mu^ 


kett 


Mathew Ileyson 




lU-nry 13rookin 


shott from 


Joseph Oliver 




Nathaniel Willett 


ye Gari- 


Chris'r Edgecome 




Charles Browne 


son 




John Edgecome. 




Edward ftairfield 






Michael Edgecome. 




Hampton & Salisbury 


Liv 


ng 


Robert Edgecome 




soldiers. 


thremus- 


Henry Elkins 


In yc 


fl'rancis .Sholot 


kett 


.•ihott 


John Ashden 


butts 


Anthony Roe 


froi 


rye 


John Warrick 


wth out 


Thomas Bickford 


garison 


Goodman Luscomc 


ye Gari- 


Robert Tydcy 






Timothy Collins 


son but 


Richard Moore 






Andrew Broune, sen. 


joining 


James Lybbey 






Andrew Broune. 


to it 


.John Lybbey 
Anthony Lybbey 
Paumel Lybbey 
George Taylor 
Jaine.s Ogleby 
Dunkcn Chessom 
William Sheldon 
John Vickors 
Rrd. Bassen 
Ro'rt Eliott 
fl'rancis White 
Richard Honeywell 
John Howell 






John Broune 
Joseph Broune 
Ambrose Bouilcn 

Constable 
Tho. Cuming 
John Herman 
Samuel Oakman, sen. 
John Elson 
Peter Hinkson 
Kicd. Willin 
John Symson 
Tho. Cleaueley 
John Cooke 
R'rd Burroughs." 



TITLES TO LAND CONPIK]\IKD. 
Soon after the purchase of Maine by Massachusetts, in 
1679, Thomas Danforth, the Deputy Governor, was ap- 






Hiram Higgins 



( PHOTOS er CONANT. ) 



MRS. Hiram Higgins 




Mkm....,\. 



RES. or Hiram Higgins. 



M- -■»' ^B!aA■f" vKajy4- -s-fAwi^, 






^i 




.^^^ 



HIGGINS' BEACH, SCARBORO , ME 



TOWN OP SCARBOROUGH. 



365 



pointed president of Maine. Tlie new government con- 
sisted of a president, deputy president, a Council and a Gen- 
oral Assembly, the latter made up of the people's represen- 
tatives. The first Council consisted of eight members, of 
whom Capt. Joshua Seottow, of Scarborough, was one. In 
1081, the General Court empowered the President of Maine 
to confirm the titles of the inhabitants to their lands in the 
province. Accordingly the president conveyed to Capt. 
Seottow, Walter Gendall, Richard Hunnewell, William 
Burridge, Andrew Browne, Ambrose Boaden, and John 
Tenny, Trustees, the township of Scarborough. The con- 
veyance is dated July 26, U584. From this time all lands 
were conveyed by a vote of the town, or by a committee ap- 
pointed for that purpose. 

SECOND SETTLEMENT OF THE TOWN. 

After the destruction of Falmouth by the French and In- 
dians, in 1G90, the inhabitants of this town wisely decided 
to save themselves by flight. They drew off immediately 
to Saco, and from Saco, in a few days, to Wells, and from 
Wells many went to Portsmouth. In this manner the 
settlements in this town and vicinity were entirely broken 
up. The precise date of the second settlement of the town 
is not known. In 1702 a little band of seven persons ar- 
rived from Lynn in a sloop. They were John Larrabee, 
Henry Libby, and his three sons, and two men by the name 
of Pine and Blood. They erected a small fort for their pro- 
tection. The next year five hundred French and Indians 
attacked the fort. There were in it only eight persons able 
to fight, but fortunately they had in Capt. Larrabee a brave 
and resolute commander. He refused to surrender or ca- 
pitulate upon any terms. The enemy undertook to under- 
mine the fort, but there came a drenching rain and filled 
up the ditch, so that in digging they became exposed to 
the shots of the little band inside, and were so harassed 
that they became discouraged and went off in search of 
other prey. Thus the brave settlers escaped. 

The fear of the Indians kept back settlers, so that the 
town for some time increased very slowly in population, 
and there was no organization of a town government till 
1720. 

Pine Point received its name from Charles Pine, a famous 
hunter. Newbury Point was so named from William New- 
bury, also a hunter. 

In 1723 the Indians again attacked all the .settlements 
along the sea-board. In April they suddenly fell upon the 
inhabitants at Black Point, killed Sergeant Chubb, of the 
fort, Thomas Larrabee, and his son Anthony. On the 26th 
of June they attacked the garrison-house of Roger Dear- 
ing, killed his wife, took captive two of his children, and 
Mary Scamman, of Saco, who was visiting there. The same 
day they took John Hunnewell, of Black Point, a prisoner. 
The only other per.son killed in this town during the war 
was a Mr. Mitchell, of Black Point, whom they waylaid 
and murdered near Spurwink, in 1724. 

In 1747 the Indians appeared at Scarborough on the 14th 
of April. They had secreted themselves in the woods near 
the garrison on Scottow's Hill, intending to take it at night. 
Nathaniel Dresser, a young man residing at the garrison, 
going out to work on the west .side of the hill, discovered 



the Indians, and started to run back with all speed. He 
was pursued and fired upon, and falling dead upon his face, 
one of the Indians came up and hastily took off his scalp. 
As he turned to go. Capt. Daniel Harvey, the only man lefi 
in the garrison at the time, fired upon him and .shattered 
his right arm. Having thus shown themselves, the Indians 
made no attempt ujion the garrison, but went off towards 
Falmouth. 

LOUTSMOUlUi, .JUNE T, 174.-). 

One hundred and sixty of the men of Scarborough were 
enlisted in Col. Waldo's regiment during the campaign for 
the capture of Louisbourg, the French stronghold in North 
America. The fort was taken June 17, 1745. It does not 
appear how many of the men of this town were actually 
engaged in the capture, excepting Samuel Milliken, Roger 
Hunnewell. and Seth Fogg. Milliken was lost on his return 
trip, and Hunnewell had an arm shot off in the engage- 
ment, Richard King, afterwards an eminent citizen of 
Scarborough, was commissary, and Joseph Prout acted as 
local commissary of the town. The following from tiiis 
town are a few out of many who enlisted in the war: 

Capt. George Berry s Company. — Daniel Moody, Joseph 
Hunnewell, John Libby, Thomas Foss, Robert Munson, 
Alex. Roberts, Lieut. John Libby, Noah Libby, Samuel 
Larrabee, Richard Hunnewell, Jethro Starbird, Richard 
Carter, Theod. IMoses, Robert Munson, James Libby, David 
Sawyer, Lieut. Daniel Field, Walter Foss, Timothy Haine.s, 
Daniel Moody. 

Ca\)t. Thomas Perkins' Company. — I.saac MacKene, 
James Libby, Thomas Larrabee, Ephraim Andrews, Sam- 
uel Fickett, Elijah Bragdon, John Myrick. 

Among the inhabitants of the town at the .second settle- 
ment were the following: Jonathan Andrews, 1732 ; Amos 
Andrews, later; John and Nathaniel Babb, Dunstan; Dr. 
Abram Bacon, 1799 ; Moses Banks, before the Revolution ; 
Capt. Elias Banks, ship-cavpenter; Joseph Berry, 1720; 
Arthur Bragdon, 1725; Solomon and Gideon Bragdon, 
later ; Joseph Calef, 1725 ; John Coolbroth, 1730 ; Roger 
Dearing (from Kittery), 1716 ; Henry Dre-sser, 1729 ; Jo- 
seph Emerson (merchant at Dunstan), 1796; James Fly, 
1716; Daniel Fogg, 1720; Caleb Graffiim, 1714; Daniel 
Hasty, 1735; Samuel Harrison, 1726; Fergus Higgins, 
1750; George Hight, 1780; Roger Hunnewell (died), 
1720 ; Aaron Jewett (Dunstan), 1727 ; John Jones, 1736 ; 
Martin Jose, 1729 ; Ivory Kilborn, 1777 ; Richard King, 
1745. The remainder of Mr. King's life was .spent in 
Scarborough in agricultural and mercantile pureuits. He 
died at his residence near Dunstan Landing, March 27, 1875, 
aged fifty-seven. Mr. King married Isabella Bragdon, of 
York, by whom he had the following children : Rufus, born 
1755 : died April 20, 1829. Mary, born 1757 ; married Dr, 
Robert Southgate, June 23, 1773; died March 30, 1824. 
Paulina, nuuried Dr. Aaron Porter, April 13, 1777. Isa- 
bella, the mother, died Oct. 19. 1759, The second wife of 
Richard King was Mary, dauglitcr of Samuel Black, of 
York, born Oct, 8, 1736 ; married Jan. 31, 1762. Children 
by the second marriage : Richard, born Dec. 22, 1762, 
married Hannah Larrabee, Jan, 14, 1790; Isabella, born 
Sept. 8, 1764, died Sept. 12, 1770; Dorcas, born May 20, 



366 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



1766, married Joseph Li'liuid, Dec. 28, 1786 ; Willi;im, 
born Feb. 9, 1768, "died June 17, 1825 ; Betsey, born Jan. 
7, 1770; Cyrus, born Sept. 6, 1772, married Hannah 
Storer, Oct. 1797, died April 25, 1817. Mary, second wife 
of Richard Kinj;-, died May 25,1816. Mr. King had three 
brothers, — David, Josiah. and William. David was a 
merchant in Saco ; William was a sea-captain. They were 
descended from the Kings of Kittery. Rufus King, the 
eldest son of Richard, was a native of Scarborough ; gradu- 
■ uated at Harvard College, 1777 ; studied law at Newbury- 
port with Judge Parsons, where he resided. His career as 
a lawyer. Senator in Congress, and Minister of State is well • 
known, and reflects lasting honor upon the place of his 
birth. Ex-Governor William King, of Bath (deceased), 
the first Governor of Maine, was the third son of Richard 
King, born in Scarborough, Feb. 9, 1768. Cyrus, the 
fourth son, and youngest of the children, distinguished 
himself at the bar and in the halls of Congress. Died at 
Saco, April 25, 1817. 

Capt. Alexander Kirk wood lived at Front's Neck, which, 
during his residence there, was called ■' Kirkwood's Neck." 
He was a Scotchman from the English navy, and married 
Mary, daughter of Timothy Prout, Flsq. The Libbys, 
among whose heirs Prout's or Libby's has recently been 
divided, are descendants of Henry Libby, who, with his 
three sons, Capt. Larrabee, and others, came from Lynn in 
a .sloop in 1702. They had a numerous oifspring in the 
town. 

Other settlers were Capt. Timothy McDaniel, 1765; 
John McKenney, 1670; John Milliken, 1719; John J., 
Samuel, and Nathaniel Milliken, 1730 ; Clement Meserve, 
1725; Daniel Moody, 1724; George Moses, 1754; Daniel 
Moulton, son of John Moulton, 1720 ; Robert Munson 
(Dunstan), 1726 ; William Newbry, 1720; Morris O'Brien, 
1740; Joseph and Jonathan Pillsbury, before 1800; Aaron 
Piummer. 1720 ; Timothy Prout, from Boston (purchased 
the Camniuck patent of the heirs of Capt. Scottow, 1828) ; 
David King, prior to 1728; Ebenezer Sevey (Blue 
Point), 1717 ; David Sawyer, previous to 1728 ; Robert 
Southgate, M.D., June 29, 1771 (see Cumberland Bench 
and Bar in this work) ; Paul Thompson (Blue Point), 
1727; James Tyler (Blue Point), 1718; Elliot Vaughan, 
1742 ; Walter Warren, 1750 ; Joseph Waterhouse, 1730 ; 
William Watson (Higgins' farm), 1748; Dr. Daniel Wins- 
low (^from Falmouth), 1728. 

KEVOLUTIONAIiV SOLDIERS. 

The following list of Scarborough men who were engaged 
in the war of the Revolution is taken from Southgate's 
history of the town, the rank of the officers being given and 
the names of places where longest stationed in parenthesis. 

THE MACHIAS COLONY. 

The census of Scarborough in 1761, previous to the re- 
moval of the colony to Machias, showed 310 taxable polls, 
190 houses, 448 oxen, 633 cows, 1067 sheep, 257 swine, 
6613 bushels of grain, 907 tons of English hay, 426 tons 
of meadow hay, 1467 tons of salt hay. The following 
year tlu^ cro])s were almost wholly cut off by an unusual 
dniuglit. This was one causi' nf the removal oi" so large a 



colony to Machias, who became the founders of that town. 
An association for that purpose was formed in 1762, con- 
sisting of the following named persons : Samuel and Syl- 
vanus Scott (brothers), Timothy, David, and George Libby 
(brothers), Solomon and John Stone (brothers), Daniel and 
Japheth Hill (brothers), Isaiah Foster, Westbrook Perry, 
Isaac Larrjibee, and Daniel Fogg, of this town ; and 
Thomas Buck, of Plymouth, captain of a coaster, Jonathan 
Carlton, of Sheepscot, and William Jones, of Portsmouth, 
16 in all. This company began the settlement of Machias 
in 1763; Joel Bonny, a millwright, and Wooden Foster, 
a blacksmith, of Scarborough, went with them. In 1765 
the following persons from Scarborough also joined the col- 
ony at Machias ; Morris O'Brien, and his two sons, — Gideon 
and Jeremiah ; Daniel Elliot, Joseph Holmes, Jo.scph and 
Ebenezer Libby, Benjamin Frost. Joseph Sevey, Joseph 

Munson, Baloh, Ezekiel Foster, Joseph Getchcll.and 

Benjamin Foss. Of the names upon the petition to whom 
the township of Machias was granted, in 1770, there ap- 
pear no less than 54 from Scarborough. 

CHURCHES. 

TOWN MINISTRY. 

In accordance with the usual early custom in New Eng- 
land, ministers were called and settled by the town, and 
supported by the town-tax, until parishes were set oif. The 
first minister at Black Point whose name appears in the 
records was Rev. John Thorpe, who was complained of to 
the Court by Jocelyn and Jordan, in 1659, for." preaching 
unsound doctrine," Nothing further is recorded concerning 
him, but probably he did not remain long after that. An- 
other minister is referred to, but not named, in the record 
of 1665, where, an entry is made of the fining of Christopher 
Collins and Sarah Mills " for not paying the minister his 
stipend." These persons were Quakers, and declined to 
support the minister on account of their conscientious 
scruples. But the laws of Massachusetts strictly required 
all persons to support the clergy of a certain order, whether 
their consciences allowed them to do so or not.* Sarah 
Mills afterwards received twenty stripes for Quakerism. | 

In 1680, Rev. Benjamin Blackman settled in Sear- 
borough. He was induced to become the town minister 
through the influence of Capt. Scottow, who gave him 20 
acres of land near the Ferry Rocks. He preached one year 
for the town, being employed by the selectmen, and also 
represented the town in the Court at York, in 1682. lie 
had graduated at Harvard College in 1663. He married 
Rebecca, daughter of Capt. Scottow. In 1683 he removed 
to Saco, where he became the proprietor of nearly one-fourth 
of that town. 

In 1 686 the celebrated George Burroughs, of witchcraft 
memory, was obtained to preach for the town. He had 
formerly preached at Falmouth, beginning there in 1674, 
and was driven from there by the Indians in 1675, but re- 
turned in 1683. It is not known how long he remained at 
Black Point. He was put to death in Salem. Aug. 19, 
1692, for the alleged crime of witchcraft. 

- Acts and Laws of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, pp. 16, 34, 
Ill.ralitioii of 1759. 
t M;iinc Hist, Coll,, vol, iii, ].. 151, 



TOWN OP SCARBOROUGH. 



367 



The first meeting-house in the town was built upon a 
plain, a short distance from Jocelyn's, wliich stood near the 
Ferry Rocks. 

Rev. Hugh Campbell was the first minister of the town 
under the new organization of 1720. He had been preach- 
ing some time, when the inhabitants at the first town-meet- 
ing voted him a " salary of £50 for the year ensuing, 
besides his meat and drink, washing and lodging." Under 
this arrangement he preached one year, when he left the 
town. Rev. Hugh Henry was next settled for a short time, 
and then the town was without a minister till 1728, when 
Rev. William Tomp.son began to preach. At this time a 
church was formed, which was the first regularly organized 
religious body in the town. The next year Mr Tompson 
was ordained and installed pastor. His salary was fixed at 
£100 for the first year, £110 for the second, £120 for the 
third, and so on, according to the ability of the inhabitants. 

It seems that the first meeting-liouse had prior to this 
been destroyed, probably in the Indian wars ; for Mr. 
Tompson began to preach in the hou.se of Arthur Brag- 
don, who lived on the plains near the Black Point burying- 
ground. In March, following, the town voted to build a 
meeting-house, of the following dimensions : 40 by 35 and 
20 feet high. It was erected in 1731, and stood on the north- 
west corner of the Black Point burying-ground lot. Soon 
after another was built on the common at Dunstan, and Mr. 
Tompson ofiiciated alternately in each of these divisions 
of the town, until the second society was formed in Dunstan, 
in 1744, by setting ofi" fifteen males and as many females 
from the Black Point Society. Mr. Tompson continued 
his labors until his death, in February, 1759. He was held 
in high esteem, and his loss was deeply deplored. At his 
death the town voted his " funeral expenses" and " a suit 
of mourning for the widow."* 

Parson Smitli s journal, under date of Feb. 13, 1745, 
makes the following allusion to Mr. Tompson and to 
Whitefield's preaching here : 

" Mr. Whitfield has gone to Dunstan." 2l8t, " Mr. W. preached A.M. 
at Eiddeford, and returned to .Scarboro' and preached for Mr. Tomp- 
son." 20th, " I heard Mr. Whitfield a.m. at Mr. Allen's, and I'.Jt. at 
Mr. Tomj)Son's." 

After Mr. Tompson's death, Rev. Mr. Hill supplied the 
pulpit for three months, and was succeeded by Rev. Mr. 
Ward, who remained but a short time. 

In 1762 the society, consenting to adopt Pre.sbyterian 
usages, settled Rev. Thomas Pierce, who remained in the 
service of the parish till Jan. 26, 1775, the time of his 
death. He was born in Newbury, Oct. 11, 1737, and 
graduated at Harvard College in 175!). 

Rev. Thomas Lancaster was ordained and took charge 
of the parish in 1775, and continued in the pastorship a 
period of fifty-six years. In the church record is the fol- 
lowing entry : 

•• Voted ye Itev. Mr. Thomas Lancaster Fieu riMiumml Four H,ui- 
tU-ed Ptntu/fs in the present old paper currency to make good his 
salary of SU-li/ Pounds." 

Rev. Mr. Lancaster died Jan. 12, 1831. 



* Rev. Mr. Tompson was the son of Rev. Edward Tompson, or- 
dained at Marshfield in Ififtii, and was the father of Justice Tompson, 
of Scarborough, and of Rev. John Tompson, of Berwick. 



Rev. Thomas Jameson was ordained as his colleague in 
1825. His health failing in 1840, Rev. Daniel Sewall was 
installed August 26th of that year, and continued two years. 
He was followed by Rev. Albert W. Fisk till 1848. Rev. 
William Tobey was settled Sept. 20, 1848, and died Sept. 
10, 1849. 

Rev. James Brown Thornton was ordained pastor of the 
church June 4, 1851. 

The meeting-house upon Oak Hill was built in 1799, 
and was subsequently taken down, and the present neat and 
comfortable edifice erected. 

DUNSTAN, SECOND PARLSH. 

Dunstan was incorporated as a parish in 1758, and from 
that time the clergymen ceased to be supported by the town 
as such, each parish supporting its own. Previously to the 
division of the town into parishes. Rev. Richard Elvins 
had been settled over the church at Dunstan, and was min- 
ister at the time of the .separation. He was ordained in 
November, 1744, and continued in the ministry there till 
Aug. 12, 1776, the time of his death. His wife was the 
widow of Rev. Samuel Willard, of Biddeford, whose son 
Joseph, the distinguished president of Harvard College, was 
educated and trained for his future greatness under the 
paternal direction of Mr. Elvins. Eunice, the youngest 
stepdaughter of Mr. Elvins, was married to Rev. Benjamin 
Chadwick, his successor in the second parish. Mr. Chad- 
wick was ordained Dec. 19, 1776, and was minister of the 
parish about eighteen years. He died in November, 1819. 
After his retirement the parish was without a minister five 
years. Dec. 10, 1800, Rev. Nathan Tilton was settled, and 
continued pastor till 1827. He died in the town Oct. 4, 
1851. Mr. Tilton was a graduate of Harvard in 1796, and 
had served the church acceptably for twenty-seven years. 

In September, 1829, Rev. Moses Sawyer was installed. 
He remained eighteen months, and was the last minister of 
the parish. The largo church of this parish was built in 
1800. After Mr. Sawyer's time, no regular services were 
kept up, and several years ago the edifice was torn down. 

METHODIST CHURCH. 

The first MethodLst meeting in town was held at the 
house of Samuel Harmon, in January, 1802. Rev. Mr. 
Taylor preached to a small, but interested audience. The 
next year Mr. Timothy Waterhouse petitioned the General 
Court for the incorporation of a Methodist Society, to be 
collected out of Scarborough, Buxton, and Saco. Their 
first house of worship was at that time erected in Dunstan, 
and Rev. Asa Heath was appointed the minister. Ui.s 
congregation consisted of about 200 persons, of whom 411 
were communicants. In 1839 the present neat liou.se of 
worship was erected. 



BIOGHAFHIGAL SKETCHES. 



JOHNSON LIBBY, 

son of Joshua Libby, was born in the town of Scarborough, 
Cumberland Co., Me., July 4, 1824. He received the ad- 
vantages of the common school only in obtaining an educa- 
tion, and spent his minority at home. 



368 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



He married Catherine Skillen, by whom he had one 
daugliter, Mary C, who married H. Libby. After the 
decease of his first wife he married Miss Lydia Moulton, 
by whom ho had two sons and one daughter, — Edna, Eu- 
gene H., and Moulton C. 




JOHNSON LIBBY. 

Mr. Libby has taken an active part in the local affairs of 
his town for many years. In 1863 he was elected town 
treasurer, and served until 1865. He was elected collector, 
1866-67, and the same year was elected selectman, which 
office he has held continuously since. He is a member of 
the Democratic party. 



ASA M. SYLVESTER, 

son of Asa Sylvester, of Northampton, was born July 8, 
1820, in the town of Etna, Penobscot Co., Me., and re- 




ASA M. SYLVESTER. 

maiiiwl there until 1864, when he came to Cumberland 
County, and settled in Scarborough. During his early 



manhood he learned the trade of a carpenter and joiner and 
a millwright, and followed this business for twelve years. 
He then engaged in farming, and continued it until he came 
to this county. After coming to Scarborough he engaged 
in millwrighting, and helped build the rolling-mills at Li- 
gonia. In 1866 he commenced trade as a merchant at Soar- 
borough Station ; was appointed postmaster of Oak Hill 
post-office, and continues to hold that office and carry on 
his mercantile business. For four years he was engaged on 
a sailing vessel in the coasting trade near Cape Cod. Mr. 
Sylvester is prominently identified with the Masonic frater- 
nity, has been a Master Mason for thirty-five years, and has 
been instrumental in organizing several lodges. He is a 
Republican in politics, and was never married. 



JOHN MOULTON, 



son of Daniel Moulton, was born in the town of Scarborongh, 
June 24, 1793. His father was a native of the same town, 
and his ancestors were among the first settlers. His boy- 
hood was spent in agricultural pursuits. At the age of 
eighteen he went to sea, and was a common sailor for two 
years, visiting the West Indies and important seaports in 
this country. Returning home, he engaged in farming and 
lumbering. At the age of twenty-two he settled in Hart- 
ford, Oxford Co., Me., purchased a farm, and two years 
later, Dec. 25, 1817, married Sophia Barrow, of Hebron. 
Their children are Gratia, Cyrus F., John, William, Allen 
B. For twenty years, Mr. Moulton remained in Oxford 
County, and then returned to his native town, where he has 
since resided. In 1867 he was elected selectman for one 
term. Mrs. Moulton died June 27, 1877. His son Wil- 
liam resides with his father on the farm, and is a civil en- 
gineer. Mr. Moulton is a Democrat in politics, and has 
been honored with the offices of treasurer and collector of 
his town, and is now an acting justice of the peace. In 
1874 he was elected to the Legislature, and re-elected in 
1S75. 



CYRUS F. MOULTON, 

son of John Moulton, was born in the town of Scarborough, 
Dec. 20, 1823. He resided at home until the age of twenty, 
when he went on board a sailing vessel, — the brig " Elmira," 
— making three trips ; then as able .seaman, serving one 
year; second mate for two voyages, when he was promoted 
to captain, and followed the sea for eighteen years, principally 
engaged in the West India trade, but made trips to Eng- 
land, Spain, Holland, and South America. In 1850 he 
married Olive M. Foss, of Saco, Me. They have five 
children, — Frank F., Gratia, Alice J., Albion F., Hattie A. 
In 1857, Mr. Moulton was elected on the Democratic 
ticket to the Legislature, and served one term. In 1862 
he was elected collector, and remained in office for two years. 
In 1872 he was again elected collector, and in 1878 treas- 
urer, and remains in office. 



I 



^■f \ I 




CAl'X. C. F. MOULTON. 




A-J-^ (^pfp,f/i^-C,'-L'a^:<^ 





.KlIiriAN 1,. LARKABEE. 




CAPT. JIllIX I.ARKAUEE. 




BENJAMIN LARKABEE. 



I'hotoi. by Lamson, rurthillii. 



CYRUS MILLIKEN. 



TOWN OF SEBAGO. 



369 



JORDON L. LARRABEE, 

son of Benjamin Larrabee, was born in the town of Scar- 
borough, June 4, 1818. His boyhood was spent in the 
routine of farm work and attending school. His father 
died in 1833, and soon afterwards he went to Portland and 
became an apprentice to learn the carpenters' and joiners' 
trade, which after he had learned, he followed for a number 
of years, and then gave his attention to agricultural pur- 
suits. He is now the owner of one of the finest and best 
producing farms in Scarborough. In 1849 he married 
Caroline F. Beals. They have two sons, — Allen, born Aug. 
20, 1852, a practicing physician of prominence; Setli, born 
July 22, 1855, a lawyer in Portland. 

Mr. Larrabee is well known for his industry, integrity, 
and good judgment. He is a Republican in politics. 



JOHN LARRABEE, 

son of Benjamin Larrabee, was born March 19, 1808, in 
the town of Scarborough. His minority was spent on the 
farm and attending school. In 1833 his father died, and 
he has continued to carry on the farm occupied by him. 
He married, July 4, 1832, Asenath, daughter of Demericus 
McKenney, of Livingston, York Co., Me. They have five 
children, — Wm. H., born July 15, 1834; Mary H., born 



Aug. 2, 1838; Benjamin Scott, born Sept. 2, 1840; Har- 
riet S., born Jan. 14, 1842. Mr. Larrabee received his 
familiar title of captain when connected with the State 
militia, many years ago. He has been somewhat active in 
politics, and is a Republican. In 1851 he was elected to 
the Legislature, re-elected in 1852-53, and wa.s appointed 
two terms to fill vacancies. 



BENJAMIN LARRABEE, 

son of Joseph Larrabee, was born on the farm where lie 
now resides, in the town of Scarborougli, Dec. 8, 1829. 
This farm was settled by his great-grandfather about one 
hundred and fifty years ago, and has remained in the family 
since. His great-grandfather, Benjamin, was a soldier of 
the Revolutionary war, and his father was a soldier in the 
war of 1812-14. 

He received a common-scliool education during his boy- 
hood, and from early maidiood has been a farmer. In all 
his business relations he is known for his integrity, and for 
his liberal and liearty support of church and charittible 
interests. In politics he is a member of the Republican 
party. He married, June 3, 1869, Mahala R. Hunt, of 
Troy, N. Y. They have two children, — Joseph S., born 
July 22, 1870, and Susie E., born May 20, 1873. 



SEBAGO. 



DESCRIPTION AND BOUNDAllIES. 
Sebago, which is low and level near Sebago Lake, is 
rough and broken, rising in the high, bare peaks of Tiger, 
Peaked, and Saddleback Mountains, in the northeast and 
south. The centre and western parts are diversified by 
valleys, ridges, and small lakes. Among these are Brown's, 
formerly called Sabbath-Day Pond, Perley, Fitch's, south- 
east. Tobacco or Hancock, and on the north border. Pea- 
body and Great Hancock Ponds. The soil is sand and 
clay, and is susceptible of cultivation to near the mountain 
tops. Nearly the whole town is visible from the top of 
Saddleback Mountain, which rises near the south line. 
The town of Sebago was incorporated Feb. 10, 1826, and 
was originally a part of Baldwin. A part of Denmark was 
added in 1830, a part of Baldwin subsequently, and a part 
of Naples was taken off in 1851. It is bounded on the 
north by Naples and Bridgton, on the ea.st by Sebago 
Lake, on the .south by Baldwin, and on the west by Hiram 
and Denmark, in Oxford County. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 
The first settlement of Sebago was induced by the heavy 
pine forests which covered its lands, and the easy access to 
47 



market by way of Northwest River and Sebago Lake. For 
upwards of fifty years from the first settlement, in 1790, 
men chopped and .sawed, hallooed at their o.xon, rolled logs, 
and camped among tlie fallen tree-tops, disappearing with 
the first giant growth of pine, and leaving no record but 
the ruin they had wrought. A few remained, and their 
grand.sons inherit productive farming lands, surrounded by 
beautiful groves which have grown since the memory of the 
oldest inhabitant. 

Joseph Lakiii and Jacob Howe were the first settlers in 
the town. Mr. Howe carried the first mail from Bridgtou 
to Portland, making the trip once a week on hoi-seback, 
before the roads were opened. Jo.scph Lakin came from 
Groton, Mass., and built his cabin on " the ridge ;" return- 
ing for his family and goods, cros.sed Sebago Lake in a 
boat, and made his way through the difficult path to where 
he hoped the public road would soon be built. George 
P. Lakin, of Harrison, is his son. Deacon Daniel Hill, 
father of Daniel J. and Charles" Hill, then a young man of 
twenty-seven, married Mr. Lakin's daughter, Polly, in 1799, 
settled himself on the same land, and left it to his sons, the 
present occupants. Ilis sons, John, Loran, Thomas, and 
Charles H. Hill, are residents of HarrLson. Joseph Fitch 



370 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



settled near tlie Jewell place, where he was joined by David 
Potter, in 1802. In 1808, Edward Dike, from Massachu- 
setts, moved witli his i'auiily to the north side of Saddleback 
Mountain, near the highest peak. Oliver D. Dike and Kim- 
ball W. Dike, his sons, are the present occupants. From 
this point nearly the whole town can be seen, witii its eight 
ponds and lakes. 

Capt. James Babb came from Gorham in 1817, and with 
two workmen opened a cooper-shop near Joseph Fitche's 
place, and a store, the first in lown, where he kept West 
India goods, cotton for spinning, and a few of the most 
needful articles of trade. His goods were kept in a lean-to 
at one end of the cooper-shop. Capt. Babb was first ser- 
geant in Capt. Robie's company, at Portland, in the war of 
1812, and rode all night to alarm the company when called 
out. 

John B. Brown settled first near Brown's Pond, pre- 
viou.sly known as Sabbath Day Pond. Jonathan Sanborn 
settled on Tiger Hill, in the north. To the east, on Peaked 
Mountain, was James Gray. Beniah Davis joined Capt. 
Babb on the ridge. John Dougla.ss, father of Rufus and 
Andrew Douglass, settled near Northwest Lake in 1825. 
Robert McDonald was an early settler south of Sebago. A 
road was opened from the landing northward past Perley 
Pond in 1821, and a hugh pine trough built in between 
two trees was made the feeding-place for teams hauling 
freight. Near the pond is the scene of an attempt to con- 
struct a log " drive" or chute, which failing to work, after 
much expense, received the name of Pingree's Folly, by 
which it is still known. In the busy days of lumbering as 
many as 11,000 logs have been discharged from Southwest 
River in a single drive. The best pine was often sold for 
$2 per thousand feet, and $3 was an exorbitant price. 
Many of the early purchasers bought the land for the tim- 
ber alone, and it was not until that was exhausted it was 
believed to be valuable for farms. Daniel and Josiah Mc- 
Kenney built a mill on the Northwest River above the pond, 
in 1830, and commenced sawing the hemlock, which was 
previou.sly considered worthless. About 1835 a large town- 
house was erected in the centre of the town, where, alone in 
the woods, it has been the scene of semi-annual j)ulitical 
gatherings until the present day. 

BURYING-OPtOUNDS. 

Tiie old cemetery, a short distance south of the farm first 
settled by Joseph Lakin, contains a beautiful statue, sur- 
mounting a monument to the Potter family. Conspicuous 
among the names it bears are those of Col. David Potter, 
one of Sebago's most prominent and useful citizens, who 
died in 1830, aged sixty-four; and Capt. Amos Storer, who 
died in 18(j3. The flag of our country surmounts the name 
of Charles W. Cole, Company K, 25th Maine Regiment. 
Here rests also Rev. Samuel Tyler, who died Oct. 13, 
1867, after a life of usefulness as a Christian teacher and 
citizen. 

At New Limington the graves of Deacon William Haley, 
Robart Libby, Seth and John Pugsley, William Whitney, 
and Dennis Johnson, all of them old pioneers, attach a 
historic interest to the little burying-grounds of their 
families. 



VILLAGES AND HAMLETS. 

NF.W LIMINGTON 

is a scattered hamlet near South East Pond, thirteen miles 
from Bridgton Centre, containing fifteen scattered resi- 
dences, a school-house, the fir.st church built in the town, 
and the grange supply-store and assembly-room. There 
are here two small and well laid out burying-grounds, con- 
taining the remains of the early pioneers and their families. 

EAST SEB.\GO, 

a fjuarter of a mile from Sebago Lake, was originally set- 
tled by William Fitch, Esq., who built the first saw-mill 
on the site of the present grist-mill, on North West River. 
The mills now include saw, stave, planing, and general 
wood-work. In 1873 the sons of Luther Fitch formed 
the present management, under the style of Fitch Brothers. 
The first store, built in 1829, and occupied by Elijah Ful- 
ton for the accommodation of lumbermen, was burned in 
1855. There is a steamboat-landing here, for transfer of 
goods and shipment of lumber. Mails are tri-weekly. 
John P. Fitch, postmaster. Post-ofiice established 1870. 

Haskell's landing, 

a mile north, was formerly a shipping point for wood and 
timber. 

SEBAGO, 

lying upon the northern slope of Saddleback Mountain, 
overlooking " the Pond," is the old Fitch homestead. The 
stave-mill occupies the site of the first saw-mill built by 
William Fitch, Esq. The first grist-mill was built at the 
outlet of the pond in 1798. Luther Fitch opened a store 
here in 1830; afterwards burned, with all the town records, 
previous to 1864. The only lawyer of the town, E. L. 
Poor, has done business since 1806. The Union church, 
school-house, and half dozen residences complete the sei> 
tlement. 

FIRST TOWN-MEETING. 

The first meeting to elect town oflicers was held at the 
school-house, formerly the 5th district of Baldwin, March 
13, 1826. The petition for this election was signed by 
Oliver M. Pike, Samuel McOrrison, Samuel Dike, Edward 
Dike, Reuben Cook, William Norton, George Whitney, 
William Irish, James Gray, .Scolly G. Usher, William 
Sanborn, James Cook, and George W. Dillingno. There 
were 89 votes polled. Owing to the destruction of the town 
records by fire, in 1864, it is impassible to present a com- 
plete list of town officers. 

CIVIL LIST. 

SELECTSrEN. 

1826-27.— William Fitch, Oliver M. Tike, Joseph Leavitt. 
1S28.— Oliver M. Pike, David Potter, Jr., Joseph Leavitt. 
1829.— William Fitch, Joseph Leavitt, John Ringsley. 
IS.'JO.— Oliver M. Pike, David Potter, Robert Staple. 
1831. — Oliver M. Pike, Joseph Leavitt, John Pugsley. 
1832.— David Potter, John tJ. Cannell, Timothy Goodwin. 
1833. — David Potter, Nathan Parker, David Brown. 
1834-35.— David Potter, Luther Filch, William Hiiley. 
1836.- Oliver M. Pike, Samuel Dyer, llobcrt Staples. 
1837. — David Potter, .Joseph Brown, Reuben Whitney. 
1838. — David Potter, Joseph Brown, John Langley. 
1839-41.— David Potter, Robert McDonald, William Haley. 





LUTHER FITCH 



REBECCA FITCH. 



( PBOTOS BV CON-.NT ) 







Res. OF rnr LATE LLITHFR MIlh, ■J )V\ u\r nrt MICH BROTHFRS East Sebago 



TOWN OF SEBAGO. 



371 



1842-43. — Dnvid Potter, William Haley, Richard Larrabcc. 

1844.— William Haley, Samuel Tyler, Thomas W. Larrabcc. 

1345.— William Haley, Luther Fitch, William Bickfonl. 

1S46.— Roliert McDonaUl, John Libby, William Ward. 

184T.— David Potter, William Ward, James Weed. 

1848. — Robert McDonald, James Weed, Moses R. Dyer. 

1S49.— William Fitch, Jr., Williiun Ward, Oliver D. Dike. 

1850.— Elijah Fulton, William li. Pike, Seth Douglass. 

1851.— Hubert McDonald, Elijah Fulton, William Haley. 

1S52.— William Fitch, Jr., William B. Pike, Elijah Fulton. 

18.i3.— Robert McDonald, William B. Pike, John D. Martin. 

1S54.— David Potter, William Whitney. 

1855.— William B. Pike, J. E. McDonald, William Haley, Jr. 

1856.— William B. Pike, John E. McDonald, Amos Ward. 

1857.— William B. Pike, J. E. Brown, William Haley, Jr. 

1858.— David Potter, Amos Ward, William Haley, Jr. 

1859.— William B. Pike, Stephen R. Potter, Arthur Boothby. 

I860.— Edwin L. Pike, Moses R. Dyer. 

1861.- Moses R. Dyer, John D. Martin, William Haley, Jr. 

1862.— John D. Martin, William Haley, Jr., Almon Young. 

1863.— William B. Pike, Moses R. Dyer, Charles A. McKeiiney. 

1864. — John D. Martin, Charles A. McKenncy, Almon Young. 

1865. — John D. Martin, Charles A. McKenney, Peter B. Young. 

1866. — Almon Young, Charles A. McKenney, A. F. Richardson. 

1867.— John D. Martin, Charles A. McKenney, A. F. Richardson. 

1868.- John D. Miirtin, James S. Martin. 

1869.— Oliver D. Dike, William Haley, Jr., J. P. Flint. 

1870-71.— John D. Martin, Wm. W. Fitch, George W. McKenney. 

1872.— William W. Fitch, John P. Fitch, James C. Babb. 

1873. — John D. Martin, Charles A. McKenney. 

1874.- James C. Babb, Albert D. Siinborn, Charles A. McKenney. 

1875.— John D. Martin, James C. Babb, E. L. Poor. 

1876.— James C. Babb, John P. Fitch, Charles Davis. 

1877.- William B. Pike, Amos Ward, George W. McKenney. 

1878.— William B. Pike, E. L. Poor, Albion P. Fickett. 

1879. — John D. Martin, Joseph B. Brown, Reulien Sanborn. 

COLLECTORS. 

Scully G. Usher, 1826 ; Nicholas Davis, 1827 ; John Pugsley, 1828-35 ; 
Joseph Brown, 1836 ; William Fitch, Jr., 1837-38; James Weed, 
1839 ; John E. McDonald, 1840 ; James Babb, 1841 ; James Weed, 
1842-46; Elijah Fulton, 1847-48; John D. Martin, 1849; Edwin 
L. Poor, 1850; William W. Fitch, 1851; Elijah Fulton, 1852 ; 
James Brown, 1853; Almon Y'oung, 1854: James Brown, 1855 
-58; Almon Young, 1859; James C. Babb, 1860; Charles A. 
McKenney, 1861; Peter B. Y'oung, 1862; Almon Young, 1863; 
Silas B. McKenney, 1864; Almon B.Young, 1865; Peter B. 
Young, 1866; Edwin L. Poor, 1867; Amos Ward, 1868; Charles 
A. McKenney, 18G9; Albert H. Sanborn, 1870-73; Edwin L. 
Poor, 1874; William Haley, Jr., 1875-77; Albert H. Sanborn, 
1878-79. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

The first town clerk was William Fitch, Esq.; Rev. Samuel Tyler; 
John D. M.artin; Charles H. Y'oung, 1864; Peter W. Sawyer, 
1865; Peter B. Young, 1866; Stephen R. Porter, 1867-68; Ho- 
ratio H. Cole, 1869; James C. Babb, 1870-71; Luther H. Fitch, 
1872; Oliver D. Dike, 1873; Luther H. Fitch, 1874; James C. 
Babb, 1875-76; Orestes W. Brown, 1877-79. 

TREASURERS. 

William Fitch, 1826; William Fitch, Jr., 1837; James Weed, 1842 
-46; Elijah Fulton, 1852; William W. Fitch, 1857; William W. 
Fitch, 1866: Daniel J. Hill, 1867; Silas B. McKenney, 1S68; 
Reuben Sanborn, 1869; Daniel J. Hill, 1870-71; L. H. Fitch, 
1872; Reuben Sanborn, 1873-74; Daniel J. Hill, 1875; John D. 
Martin, 1876-78; Reuben Sanborn, 1879. 

CHURCHES. 
THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH OP SEHAGO 

was organized by Revs. James Libby, Jeremiali Bullock, 
and John Steven.s, Nov. 19, 1826. Mr. Stevens, who was 
the first pastor, preached Ills first sermon in the little scIioqIt 



hou.se near the old church. Among the first members were 
William Haley, who was chosen deacon ; Mrs. Haley, James 
Weed, ]\Ir,s. Tlioiiiaf; Butler, Pliuehe, wife of Rev. Reuben 
Whitney ; Isaac RiJlnn, and John Jloody and wife. James 
Weed was made clerk. Rev. Mr. Stevens wa.s succeeded 
by Revs. John Pike, Samuel Tyler, and Rev. Reuben Whit- 
ney, who remained until his death in 1837. Rev. Naum 
Foss preached here in 1845, and was succeeded in 1847 by 
Rev. J. Buzzel, through who.se efforts the General Provis- 
ional Bapti.st Church was formed with twenty of the 
members. Paine Kesser was chosen second deacon, and 
Lemuel Dyer clerk. Rev. Walker B. Parker has been 
settled pastor since 1866. A meeting-house was built at 
New Limington, in 1844, by Deacon William Ilaley, John 
Pugsley, and William Whitney, trustees. There are 42 
members. John D. JIartin is deacon and church clerk. 

The Scbago village church was built in 1856 by a com- 
pany of ten, styled the Sebago Meeting-house Corporation, 
each of whom paid in $100. They were Oliver D. Dike, 
Stephen P. Douglass, Nathan S. Chadbourne, Reuben San- 
born, John Fitch, Luther Fitch, Joseph Ridlon, Charles 
Hill, Abram Tyler, and Kimball J. Dike. Under a war- 
rant issued by David Potter, Esq., they met March 24, 
1856. Oliver D. Dike was made chairman, and Reuben 
Sanborn secretary. The land was donated at Sebago vil- 
lage by William Fitch. This church was dedicated by 
Revs. Cyril Pearl and William P. Merrill, June 25, 1857. 
At a council held at this house May 18, 1858, a Free-Will 
Baptist Church was organized. Oliver D. Dike was made 
clerk, and Jo.seph Merrill deacon. Mrs. Dike, James 
Weed, James Gray and wife, Daniel Young, and Nathaniel 
Bolter were admitted at this time. Rev. Charles Bean 
was the first regular minister, making many additions to 
their number during the year. Rev. J. M. Perkins, the next 
Baptist preacher, came in 1868. and continued to preach 
until 1872. The meeting-house has been shared with the 
Congregationalist Church since 1876, the two congregations 
joining in the support of the different ministers alternately. 
The receipts from the old parish fund of Baldwin, amount- 
ing to §6400, is divided between the two towns, and ap- 
propriated to the payment of the ministers' salaries by a 
committee elected annually by the parish at town-meeting. 

THE CONGREGATIONALIST SOCIETY OF SEUAGO 

is a part of the Baldwin Church, comprising about 30 
members, who are parti;dly supplied with preaching in the 
Sebago church by the Baldwin p;istor. 

SCHOOL.S. 
The first school-teacher of Sebago was Miss Rebecca 
Hale, who taught previous to 1798. On its organization, 
in 1830, Sebago contained 271 school children, in six dis- 
tricts, drawing §176.50 for the support of schools. In 
1848 there were ten districts and 341 scholars. There are 
now nine districts, five having good school-houses, and 263 
school children, 239 of whom have attended school during 
the year. The school property is viilued at SI 600. There 
have been $1103 expended for schools in 1878, with an 
expense of $23 for supervising. There have been $743 
yoted by the town, and $459 received from the State. The 



372 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



average wages for teachers lias been $13.25 for female and 
$22. GO for male teachers. School supervisor for 1879, 
James C. Babb. Dr. Josejjh F. Potter, a prominent phy- 
sician of Cincinnati, Ohio, a native of Sebago, and son of 
Daniel Potter, who was for years a prominent citizen, fur- 
ni.shed the Sunday-schools of Sebago with books and papers, 
and at his death left a bequest of $30,000 to establish a 
free high school on the death of his wife, the school to be 
located within one mile of the present Sebago village. 

ASSt)CIATIOiSfS. 
PATRONS OP HUSBANDRY. 

MiipJe Grove Grange, No. 148, was organized April 
lit, 1875. The first officers were Joseph Brown, Master; 
Charles Davis, Sec. ; Mary Davis, Ceres. A branch of 
the State grange store was established at New Limington 
in 1876, with Charles Davis agent for this grange. Mr. 
Davis has been Master since 1876. Present membership, 
34. 

A charitable anti-tobacco and temperance society was 
organized in 1840, which exercised a commendable influence 
for some years, until the spirit of reform became general. 

PKOMINENT MEN. 

William Fitch, Esq., who settled at Sebago in 1792, was 
the fir.st postmaster, town clerk, and first representative of 
Sebago in the Legislature. He was one of the most ener- 
getic business men, and for many years a leading citizen, 
serving several terms as magistrate. 

Oliver D. Dike, a prominent citizen, represented his dis- 
trict in the Legi-slature in 1857. 

John D. Martin, for many years selectman, was elected 
to the Legislature in 1873, and again in 1876. 

James C. Babb, the present school commissioner, has 
been for some years a leading citizen. 

The merchants of the town have been James C. Babb, 



John E. McDonald, David Brown, William Bickford, pre- 
vious to 1840. Present, Fitch Brothers, East Sebago; 
John P. Fitch, Sebago; Charles Davis, New Limington. 

MANUFACTUKES. 

Fitch Brothers, staves and general wood-working material, 
established 1 829. George C. Dow, smith, established 1 877. 

E. L. Poor, a young man of energy, resident at Sebago, 
is the only lawyer of the town. 



f 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 

WILLIAM FITCH 

was born in Groton, Mass., in 1792. His father, William, 
a native of the same place, came to the town of Sebago in 
1793, purchased and settled the farm now owned and occu- 
pied by the subject of tiiis narrative, and was appointed 
the first postmaster in the town. William Fitch, Jr., had 
limited opportunities for an education, and from early man- 
hood to the close of his active business life was a farmer 
and lumberman. 

In 1821 he married Betsey S. Usher, of Ma.ssachusetts. 
Their children are William, Lydia, Lizzie, Charles (de- 
ceased), John, Ellis, Emma (deceased), IMary, and Luther. 

He now resides in the house built by his father in 1811, 
a view of which, with his portrait, may be seen in this 
work. He is a member of the Republican party, was the 
first treasurer of the town, and for many years postmaster. 
He is liberal in the promotion of all worthy enterprises, 
and especially in contributions to church and school inter- 
ests. His daughter Lydia resides with him on the old 
homestead, and cares for him in his declining years. His 
wife died Oct. 18, 1855. 



1 



STANDISH. 



INCORPORATION AND BOUNDARIES. 
The town of Standish was incorporated Nov. 30, 1785, 
and named in honor of Miles Standish. It is indented in 
the north by Sebago Lake ; bounded on the east by Wind- 
ham and Gorham ; on the south by Buxton, in York County ; 
on the west by the Saco River ; and on the north by Bald- 
win and Sebago. The land is low and sandy in the north- 
ern part, rocky and more elevated towards the south and 
east, with a mixture of clay towards the Saco River ; the 
north is timbered plains, and uninhabited. The Portland 
and Ogdensburg Railroad runs through 'the town, and the 
Cumberland and Oxford Canal formerly connected with 
Sebago Lake at the eastern point. Tiic Portland Water- 



Works Company take their water for the city from the 
lake, at South Bay. 

The first election was held at the meeting-house, March 
27, 1786. John Deane, Esq, was chosen moderator; be- 
sides the principal officers, there were elected surveyors of 
highways, tithing-men, fence-viewers, field-drivers, pound- 
keeper, an informer of deer, a sealer of leather, cullers of 
hoops and staves, sealer of weights and measures, wardens, 
a committee for examining accounts, a mini.ster to preach 
three months, and an appropriation of .£25 voted for his 
salary. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

Ebenezer Shaw, the original settler of Standish, came 
from Hampton, N. H., in response to an ofier, made hira 





TOBWS LORD. 



MRS. TOBIAS LORD. 




RESfDENCE: a Mills or TOBIAS lord Steep Falls Cumberland Co me 



TOWN OF STAN DISH. 



373 



by Moses Pearson, of 200 acres of land and a sawmill, if 
lie would build the mill, and move to the place with his 
I'ainily. Mr. Shaw came in 17G3, and built the mill in 
nine daj's' time. A fort, sixty feet square, had previously 
been erected of heavy, hewn timbers by the proprietors, in 
the present crossing of the roads, at Standish Corner, and 
lots laid out. Mr. Shaw was followed, the same year, by 
Daniel Cram, Daniel Sanborn, John Sanborn, Jonathan 
Sanborn, Michael Piiilbrick, Jonathan Philbrick, John 
Pierce, Moses Lowcl, Caleb Kowe, Worthy Moulton, Jon- 
athan Bean, and Jabez Dow, from New Hampshire, most 
of them having families. Judith, daughter of Jonathan 
Philbrick, born Aug. 27, 17G3, was the first white child 
born in Standish. Samuel Warren settled at Bonny Eagle 
in 1768. The first baptism recorded was that of Mary 
Freeman, in 1769. Daniel Harmon, John Hall, James 
Moody, Moses Richardson, and Dominicus Mitchell came 
previous to 1776. Joseph Paine came from Cape Cod, 
Mass., in 1780. James Moody opened a blacksmith-shop 
near Standish Corner, in 1775 ; Josiah Shaw kept a tavern. 
In 1783, Aaron Parker purchased 200 acres of land on 
" the Neck," where his grandson Charles Parker now lives, 
ibr £150, and occupied it with his family. 

In 1782, Thomas Shaw built a windmill to grind corn. 
This was the first corn-mill in the town, and, with good 
wind, would grind fifty bushels of corn a day. In 1788 it 
was turned into an ashery, as tlie result of public enterprise 
at town-meeting. At this time there were forty voters in 
the town. Ashes were collected in a sail-boat, which 
travensed Sebago Lake, and brought sixpence a bushel. 

Eliakim Wcscott settled on the Neck, near Wescott Falls, 
in 1795. 

Sergeant Shaw and Annie Tompson, the first couple 
joined in marriage, were united by John Deane, Esq., 
Sept. 14, 1786. The first few years the settlement was sur- 
rounded with hardships and dangers. When threatened by 
Indians, the little colony sought refuge in the fort. Be- 
coming nearly starved on one occasion, two of the bravest 
ventured forth into the deep woods and shot a moose. 
Cutting off a quarter, they hastened into the ibrt, and re- 
turned with help for the remainder, only to find that the 
Indians had taken their game. John McGill, a hunter, 
lived in the fort for some years, until it was torn down to 
make room for the first church, which was erected in its 
place in 1769, and which was in turn torn down, after re- 
peated efforts to have it removed. One dark night in 1805, 
Edward Tompson, Esq., magistrate, who kept a tavern 
joining the corner, was aroused by the crash of tearing 
shingles and clapboards. Taking bis perforated tin lantern 
in one hand, and " the riot act" in the other, he sallied 
forth and commenced to read ; before he had proceeded far, 
the destroyers threw shingles and put out his light; by 
this time, Dr. Howe, who kept the tavern where I. D. Saw- 
yer's coat-factory stands, had come to his assistance, — but 
in vain. The morning sun rose only upon ruins, which 
were afterwards built into a school-house, and the street was 
clear. 

PLACES OP HISTORIC INTEREST. 
The old home of Elliot Hammond, built by him in 1778, 
is the oldest building in the town. It stands overlooking 



the lake across the lower bay, a short distance to the east 
of the ground where, upon a grassy knoll, sleep the remains 
of Josiah Moses and the Waterhouse and Harmon fam- 
ilies. 

The large weather-beaten house standing with its eaves 
to the road, and overlooking the lake from the bluft" oppo- 
.site Indian Isle, was built by Wni. Cummings in 1785, 
John Cummings, grandfather of Hiram T. Cummings, set- 
tling near by. The great willow in front has grown from 
a twig planted eight years after, and before breaking down 
spread over a diameter of 160 feet.* Much of the tim- 
bered lands surrounding it were the cultivated fields of the 
pioneers. John Smith bought the old Cummings house 
of Dr. Howe, in 1825. Indian Isle, a wooded knoll of 
100 acres, was a rendezvous of Indians, and it is here, tra- 
dition says, white prisoners wore secreted in the early wars. 
Stone implements are still sometimes found upon the island. 
A boat capsizing years ago near this island, with five men, 
who were never found afterwards, attaches a weird interest 
to the place. It is said this lake never gives up its dead. 

On the road leading from Standish Corner to the lake is 
the home of the poet Shaw, bi*ilt in 1774, where the first 
settlement was made by Ebenezer Shaw. The ballads of 
Thomas Shaw, the son, were well known along the coast of 
Maine for many years, and date back to the Revolutionary 
war. Conspicuous among his productions was the " Ship- 
wreck of the Schooner Charles," on Richmond's Island, 
July 12, 1807. The ballad was headed by sixteen black 
coffins, to represent the number of victims, and surrounded 
with a heavy border. Thomas Siiaw, his son, occupies the 
old homestead, which contains many relics of early days. 

The old church at Standish Corner is pointed out to the 
stranger as a monument to the religious energy of sires and 
grandsires, who rest in the cemetery across llie street and 
in various parts of the town. 

BURYING-GKOUNDS. 
In 1772, Moses Pear.son deeded to the town one-half 
acre of land at Standish Corner for a buryiiig-ground. This 
is the oldest cemetery in the town, and contains the remains 
of Rev. Jonathan Gould, Isaac Snow Tompson, whose epi- 
taph is " First Physician of Standish ;" John Deane, Esq., 
Deacon Jonathan Philbrick, and others equally venerated. 
There is a fine large cemetery at Steep Falls, inclosed with 
iron and granite and regularly laid out. The Bonny Eagle, 
containing the Warren, Davis, and Sturgis pioneers, and 
Peltiah McDonald, " a soldier of the Revolution ;" the 
Harding Ground, on the Neck, whore rest Rev. Elias F. 
Blake and Rev. Joseph White, are the principal burying- 
"rounds in Standish, besides which there are thirty private 
and family burying-places in various parts of the town. 

VILLAGES AND HAMLETS. 
ST.\NDISH CORNER, 
the point of original .settlement, was for many years the 
business centre of Standish and the country to the north- 
west, which furnished a busy trade for two tanneries, six 
stores, and three hotels. The opening of the Portland and 
0"densburg Railroad transferred the business to Sebago 



374 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Lake Station, which also absorbed that of the old landing 
where the Portland water-works connect with that lake. 
The business of the place consists of two coat manufacto- 
ries, a general niercliaiidise store, ladies' goods, hotel, harness- 
shop, marble- and blacksmith-shops, law-office, and two 
physicians. There arc three churches, school-house, town 
farm and buildings, — established 18G7, — and sixty dwellings. 
This is the oldest post-office in the town. Mails twice 
daily by stage, IVom Sebago Lake. 

,s?;b.vgo lakk, 
on the lower bay of the lake, contains a depot, twenty-five 
dwellings, three stores, hotel, grist- and wood-mill, two 
clothing manufactories, carriage-shop, and the store-rooms 
of the Sebago Lake Ice Company of Portland. There was 
but one store on the opening of the railroad. A steam- 
boat line was opened between Sebago Lake Station, Naples, 
Bridgton, and Harrison in 1867. Post-office established 
Jan. 1, 1872 ; Nathaniel Lane was first postmaster. Bonny 
Eagle is a post-office hamlet, of which twelve houses, the 
school-house, and the Methodist Episcopal church extend 
along the road from Bonny Eagle Island in Saco River to 
York's Corner, where there is a store and several shops. 

STEEP FALLS 

is the principal village of Standish ; is a station on the 
Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, and contains five stores, 
a post-office, hotel, church, saw-mill, and wood-working 
machinery, and is a shipping-point for lumber. There are 
thirty-eight residences in Standish, and some on the oppo- 
site side of the Saco River. The first settlement here was 
made by Capt. Benjamin Poland, who built a mill a mile 
below the falls in 1826. James Foss opened the first store 
in 1829. Tobias Lord erected a gri.st-mill in 1836. Wil- 
liam Pierce established the first hotel here in 1826. The 
place is finely located on high land and surrounded by 
beautiful groves. 

RICIIVILLE 

is a flag station near Rich's mill, in the north part of the 
town. 

CIVIL LIST. 

SELECTMEN. 

1786. — Caleb Rowe, Daniel Hasty, John Deane. 

1787. — Josiah .Shaw, Peter Moultou, Enoch Linnel. 

1788. — Isaac S. Toinpson, Jusiah Shaw, George Freeman. 

1789.— Peter Moulton, Josiah Shaw, Thomas Shaw. 

1790. — John Deane, Daniel Hasty, Job Eastman. 

1791. — Peter Moulton, Enoch Linnel, George Freeman. 

1792. — Peter Moulton, Theodore Mussey, George Freeman. 

1793.— Joseph C. Rackliff, Dominicus Mitchell, .Tamos D. Tucker. 

1794. — Peter Moulton, Daniel Lowell, Dominicus Mitchell. 

1795. — James D. Tucker, Dominicus Mitchell, Peter Moulton. 

1796. — James D. Tucker, Dominicus Mitchell, George Freeman. 

1797.— Dominicus Mitchell, Enoch Linnel, Peter Moulton. 

1798. — Dominicus Mitchell, .Tames D. Tucker, Enoch Linnel. 

1799-1800. — James D. Tucker, Edmond Massey, Joseph Dow. 

1801. — Peter Moulton, John Deane, Josiah Shaw, Daniel Hasty, Levi 

Gram. 
1802. — Peter Moulton, Levi Cram, Joseph Dow. 
1803. — Levi Cram, William Tompson, Jonathan Pliilbrick. 
1804.— Peter Moulton, James D. Tucker, John Snnboru. 
1805. — Levi Cram, AVilliam Tompson, Wm. Higgins. 
1806.— William Tompson, John Lowell, William Higgins. 
1807.— William Tompson, Williaiii Higgins, James Hasty. 



1808.— Peter Moulton, Daniel Hastj', .Sargent Shaw. 

1809.— Simeon Moulton, Peter Rowe, James D. Tucker. 

1810. — Simeon Moulton, Daniel Hasty, Jr., Samuel Dcnnot. 

1811. — Simeon Moulton, Moses Rich, John Sanborn. 

1812.— Simeon Moulton, Moses Rich, William Graffam. 

1813.— Simeon Moulton, Daniel Hasty, Jr., Wm. Hasty, Jr. 

1814. — Simeon Moulton, William Hasty, Jr., Jonathan Dow. 

1815-16.- Edmund Mussey, Daniel Hasty, Jr., John Spring. 

1817-18.— Simeon Moulton, Mark White, Timothy Higgins, Jr. 

1819.— Simeon Moulton, Daniel Hasty, Knowles Higgins. 

1820.— Simeon Moulton, Col. John Spring, Mark White. 

1821.— Mark White, William Tompson, William Hasty, Jr. 

1822. — William Tompson, Benjamin Haskell, Jr., James Hasty, Jr. 

1823.— William Tompson, Knowles Higgins, Jonathan Dow. 

1824. — Isaac S. Spring, Sargent Shaw, Jonathan Dow. 

1825.— William Tompson, Mark White, John Cumniings, Jr. 

1826-27.— Wm. Tompson, John Cummings, Jr., Enoch F. Higgins. 

1828.— John Cummings, Jr., William Tompson, Enoch F. Higgins. 

1829.— William Hasty, Sargent Shaw, Jabcz Dow. 

1830-32. — Benjamin Poland, Benjamin Cbadbourne, Jabez Dow. 

1833-35. — Benjamin Cbadbourne, Edmund Mayo, Lemuel Rich. 

1836-37.— Benjamin Cbadbourne, Lemuel Rich, Jabez Dow. 

1838.— Benjamin Chaclbourne, Daniel Davis, Tobias Lord. 

1839. — Tobias Lord, Daniel Davis, Peter Shaw. 

1840. — Lemuel Rich, Daniel Davis, Peter Shaw. 

1841. — Lemuel Rich, Samuel Phinney, Joseph Sanborn. 

1842. — Samuel Phinney, Joseph Sanborn, Lemuel Rich. 

1843. — Lemuel Rich, Samuel Phinney, John Knapp. 

1844-45. — Joseph Sanborn, Ebenezer Moulton, Etiakim Wescott. 

1840-17.— Joseph Sanborn, Wm. T. Cbadbourne, Frederick Lowell. 

1848.— William T. Cbadbourne, Frederick Lowell, Joshua Paine, .Ir. 

1849. — Joseph Sanborn, .Toseph S. Tompson, James Foss. 

1851. — Joseph Sanborn, Joseph S. Tompson, Josiah Moulton. 

1852.— Joseph S. Tompson, Lemuel Rich (3d), Wilson Dow. 

1853.— Joseph S. Tompson, Scith Higgins, Eliakim Wescott. 

1854. — ^Joseph S. Tompson, Jonathan Moore, Amos Boulter. 

1855. — Joseph S. Tompson, Henry M. Chadbournc, Joseph Sanborn. 

1856.— Henry M. Cbadbourne, Seth Higgins, Peter Paine. 

1857. — Joseph Sanborn, Frederick Lowell, Eliakim Wescott. 

1858. — William Paine, Josiah L. Swett, Samuel L. Davis. 

1859-60. — Samuel 0. Paine, Lemuel Rich (3d). Arza Mayo. 

1861.— John H. Philbrick, Lemuel Rich (3d), William Wingato. 

1862.— Lemuel Rich (3d), Eiisha B. Mitchell, Harvey Wescott. 

1863. — Joseph Sanborn, Ebenezer Moulton, Asa Berry. 

1864. — Joseph S. Tompson, Samuel 0. Paine, Amos Boulter. 

1865. — Ebenezer Moulton, Joseph Sanborn, Asa Berry. 

1866. — Ebenezer Sloulton, William Freeman, Samuel 0. Paine. 

1867. — Samuel 0. Paine, James K. Emery, Merritt I. Paine. 

1868.- Merrilt I. Paine, Wm. D. Freeman, Daniel S. Davis. 

1869.— Wilson Dow, William H. Dresser, Eliakim Wescott. 

1870-71.— William H. Dresser, Eliakim Wescott, Wilson Dow. 

1872.— Wilson Dow, Ambrose Cram, William Rich. 

1873. — Ambrose Cram, Eiisha B. Mitchell, Augustus Y. Staples. 

1874. — Henry M. Cbadbourne, Oris R. Phinney, A. S. Hutchinson. 

1875.— John D. Higgins, .Samuel Dingley, Augustus S. Hutchinson. 

1876.— Henry M. Chadbournc, Wm. H. Libby. Orville S. Sanborn. 

1877. — Henry M. Cbadbourne, Seth Higgins, Almon H. Cressey. 

1878.— Orville S. Sanborn, Tobias Lord, Jr., Ichabod Cousins. 

1879.— Almon U. Cres.sey, Winthrop B. Dresser, John H. Davis. 

TOWN CLERKS. 
Theodore Mussey, 1780-89; Dominicus Mitchell, 1790; Theodore 
Mussey, 1791-95; James D. Tucker, 1796; Theodore Mussey, 
1797-1803; William Tompson, 1804-7; Daniel Hasty, 1808; 
Daniel Hasty, Jr., 1S09-10; Isaac S. Spring, 1811-12; Theodore 
Mussey, 1813-10; James Hasty, Jr., 1817-29; Oliver Frost, 
1830-32; Phineas Ingalls, 1833-43 ; Horatio J. Swasey, 1841-48; 
John II. Philbrick, 1849-56; Theodore M. Bradbury, 1857-58; 
Joseph S. Tompson, 1859-60; James K. Emery, 1861 ; Joseph S. 
Tompson, 1862; Theodore M. Bradbury, 1863 ; William B. Cobb, 
1864 ; Theodore M. Bradbury, 1865 ; William U. Dresser, 1866-67 ; 
William Paine, 1868; Joseph S. Tompson, 1869-72; to fill va- 
cancy, John D. Higgins, 1872; John D. Higgins, 1S73-74; Wil- 
liam II. Libby, 1875; Grin K. Phinney, 1876-77; William H. 
Libby, 1878; Isaac D. Sawyer, 1879. 



'^'^ % 





WILLIAM RICH. 



MRS. WILLIAM RICH. 




Residence OF WILLIAM RICH .Standish, Me 



TOWN OF STANDISH. 



375 



TREASURERS. 

Jofiiih Shiiw, 17cS6; Jonalhnn Pbilbrick, 17S8; Theodore Mussoy, 
1789; Doniinicus Jlitcbcll, 1790; Theodore Wusscy, 1791- 
1803; William Tonipson, 1804; Theodore Musscy, 1805; Wil- 
liam Thomson, 180C-7; Jnmes Philhriek. 1808; Samuel Din- 
net, 1809-11; Isaac S. Spring. 1812; Theodore Mussey, IS13- 
17; Jnmes Hasty, ,Tr., lSlS-29; Olircr Frost, 1830-32; I'hineas 
Ingalls, 1833-43; Horatio J. Swasey, 1844-48; John Philbrick, 
1849-56; Theodore M. Bradbury, 1S57-58; Joseph S. Tompson, 
1859-60; James K. Emery, 1861 ; Joseph S. Tompson, 18C2; 
Theodore M. Bradbury, 1863; AVilliam B. Cobb, 1SC4 ; Theo- 
dore M. Bradbury, 1865; William H. Dresser, 1866-67; Wil- 
liam Pain, 186S; Joseph S. Tompson, 1869-72 ; to fill vacancy, 
John D. Higgins, 1872; John D. Higgins, 187.3-74; William 
H. Libby, 1875 ; Orin K. Phinney, 1876-77 ; William II. I.ibby, 
1878; Isaac D. Sawyer, 1879. 

CONSTABLES AND COLLECTORS. 

Sargent Shiiw, 1786; Dominieus Mitchell, 1787; Israel Thorn, 1788; 
Daniel Hasty, 1789; Josiah Shaw, 1790; Daniel Iliisty, 1791; 
Simeon Sanborn, 1792; John Peirce, Peter Moulton, 1793; 
James Moody, 1794; Daniel Lowell, 1795-96; Edward Mussey, 
1797; James Moody, 1798; Joseph Dow, 1799-1800; Edward 
Tompson, .Tosej)h Dow, cons., James Harty, col., ItOI ; Edward 
Tompson, 1S02; Robert Rowe, 1803; Joseph Dow, 1804-5; 
Daniel Hasty, 1806; Silas Lowell, col., Bryan Martin, cons., 
1807; ThomiisShaw, 1808; Richard Pierce, 1809-10; Joseph C. 
Riickliff, 1811 ; Levi Sanborn, cons., Peter Snnborn, col., 1812; 
John Philbrick, 1813; Daniel Freeman, 1814; Caleb P. Phil- 
brick, 1815-16; William Buller, 1817 ; Caleb P. Philbrick, 1818- 
21; Joseph Bailey, 1822; Edward Thonijison, 1823-26: James 
Hasty, Jr., cons, and col., Edward Tompson, cons., 1827; 
Edward Tompson, cons., James Hasty, Jr., col., 1828; Daniel 
Hasty, 1829-30 ; Samuel Phinney, 1831-35 ; Peter Shaw, 1836-38; 
William Paine, cons., 1838; Lemuel Rich, 1839; Charles Tomp- 
son, 1840; Arza Mayo, cons., 1840; Arza Mayo, cons., Charles 
Thompson, col., 1841 ; Charles Thompson, 1842-44; Arza Mayo, 
cons., 1844; Joslyn C. Robinson, 1845-47; Jonathan Moore, 
1848-50; Lorenzo H. Moore, 1851: Alvah Weeks, 1852-54; 
Samuel L. Davis, 1855-57 ; Ebenezer C. Hamblin, 1858; Lyman 
Sanborn, 1859; Lyman Sanborn, Robert Ridlin, cons., 1860; 
Lyman Sanborn, 1861, Alvah Weeks, 1802 ; Ebenezer Shaw, Jr., 
Ebeuezer C. Hamlin, cons., 1863 ; Alvah Weeks, William H. Dres- 
ser, cons., 1864; Uriah A. Berry, 1S65; Ephraim Higgins, 1866; 
John L. Chase, 1867-69; Merritt I. Paine, 1870; Walter Brug- 
don, Alfred S. Cousins, cons., 1871; Alfred S. Cousins, 1872-73; 
Daniel A. Paine, 1874-75; John E. Tompson, 1S76; John P. 
Moulton, 1877; Alfred S. Cousins, 1878; James Moody, 1879. 

JUSTICES. 
John Deane, 1786-90; Josiah Thatcher, 1791 ; John Deanc, 1795- 
1803; Thomas Musscy, 1804; John Deane, 1808; AVilliam 
Tompson, 1S09; Theodore Mussey, 1812; William Tompson, 
1820 ; B. Chadbourne, 1834 ; James Hasly, Jr., 1835< E. Mayo, 
1836; Horatio J. Swasey, 1839; James Hasty, 1839-41 ; Benja- 
min Chadbourne, 1845; Phineas Ingalls, H.J. Swasey, 1845-48; 
Charles Tompson, 1845; Phineas Ingalls, H. A. Swasey, 1846; 
Joseph Sanborn, William C. Lowell, 1847; T. M. Bradbury, 
1848 ; H.J. Swasey, J. H. Philbrick, Caleb Hodsdon, 1849 ; John 
Sawyer, 1849 ; Phineas Ingalls, 1851 ; H. J. Swasey, George M. 
Small, Lemuel Rich (3d), 1852; Joseph Sanborn, 1856; Ebenezer 
Moulton, 1857 ; H. J. Swasey, 1858. 

CHUPvCHES. 

The " Records of the Church of Christ in Standish" 
recite that the first religious organization in the town 
was formed May 11, 1769, under the patronage of the 
original proprietors of the land, who erected a church on 
the site of the old fort at Standish Corner in that year, 
and John Tompson, who was ordained at Portland, Oct. 
25, 1768, was settled by them as pastor. The salary was 



payable in " one-third each, cash, East India good.s, and 
produce." There were seven meinbors, John Tompson, 
John Pierce, George Freeman, Jlichael Philbrick, Josiah 
Shaw, David Sanborn, and Peter Moulton. Mary, wife of 
Josiah Shaw, Jonathan Philbrick and wife, and Kbeiiezer 
Shaw and wife joined the eliurch during that year. Jona- 
than Philbrick was the first deacon. Rev. Jonathan 
Gould was ordained Sept. 16, 17915, and became pastor at 
once, retaining charge until his death in 1795. He was 
succeeded by Rev. Daniel Marrett, who was ordained for 
that purpose, and also died at Standish, after a pastorate of 
thirty-three years. The present "Old Church" was erected 
in 1805, and dedicated by him in 1806. Thomas Church 
was one of the main contiibutors. Rev. Thomas Tenny 
was ordained in 182(1, and was pastor until 1829. In ISSi 
a dissension occurred, taking away many of the members. 

After the reorganization of the Evangelical Church, as 
the new society was named, the Unitarian Church 
Covenant was drawn up by Rev. Amos D. Wheeler, a 
young minister just ordained, and was adopted April 14," 
1835. lie was pastor until 1846, and was succeeded in turn 
by A. M. Bridge in 1843 ; K. J. Gerry, 1846 ; Geo. Osgood, 
1854; Jacob Caldwell, 1855; Rev. Mr. Nickerson, 1862. 

THE EVANGELICAL CONGREGATIONAL CUUilCH 

was organized Feb. 5, 1834, by Rev. D. Merritt, with 73 
members. The officers were Rev. Thomas Tenny, Pastor 
and Clerk ; Enoch Moody and Joshua Paine, Deacons. 
Revs. Clark Perry, Silas Baker, Isaac Weston, William 
Rand, and D. Harris succeeded as pastors. Mr. Harris 
died at this charge, June 9, 1850, and was succeeded by 
Rev. James P. lladley, who made many converts to the 
church. Rev. Mark Gould became pastor in 1858 ; Charles 
Soule, 1862; Calvin Chapman, 1863 ; Samuel llopkin.s, 
1866; Stephen H. Robinson, 1873 ; and John P. Trow- 
bridge, the present pastor, in 1873. A fine building was 
erected in 1834 by Josiah Davis, Thomas Tenny, Jo^hua 
Paine, Committee. Present membership, 37. 

FREE WILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

Baptist meetings were held as early as 1793. In ISUS 
there was an effurt m:ide to obtain from the town that part 
of the church tax which came from Baptist citizens, but 
without success. Meetings were held at the house of John 
Plaistead, on Standish Neck, until the erection of the church 
in 1806, through the efforts of Simeon Moulton. Clement 
Phinney, a young school-teacher, who was converted at this 
time, became afterwards u prominent minister. Sargeant 
Shaw was an early minister. In 1816, Miss Almira Wes- 
cott was ordained, and became a leading preacher. Rev. 
Joseph White died here. Rev. Z;iehariah Leach, 1816; 
Clement Phinney, 1816-25 ; John Buzzell, Chri.stopher 
Bullock, Jeremiah Bullock, Thomas Strout, and Walker 
Parker have since supplied them. 

May 4, 1861, the Frec-Will Baptist Provisional Church 
was or<'anized by Rev. James Buzzel, who had been a reg- 
ularly ordained minister of the Free-Will Baptist Church. 
Clark Caimel was chosen clerk. Rev. Tiiomas Strout suc- 
ceeded to the pastorate in 1869, when George Maybery 
was chosen clerk, and Melvin Shaw deacon. Meetings are 



37 C 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



liL'W ill a scliool-liousc, the old diuicli luiviiig boeu torn 
(liiwii ill 1875. Pieseiit niciiiboiship, 28. 

The Frcc-Will ISapti.st Cliurch at Steep Falls was organ- 
ized Feb. 21, 1847, by Rev. Aiidiew Ilobson. Among the 
first members were Irva Ncirton, Feter Grafi'am and wife, 
Peltiah Ilobson, Statera IluUsoti, and Lyuian Fisher, wlio 
was chosen clerk. Their building was erected in 1851, and 
dedicated by Rev. Mr. Feck, of Portland, July 31st of that 
year. Pastors: Andrew Ilobson, L. Parker, 1859-71 ; E. 

C. Cook, 1872-74; A. G. Hill, 1874-7G; Peltiah Ilobson, 
present pasior; Present membership, 104, of whom 28 
are non-residents. Officers : Israel Small, Deacon and 
Clerk; John Rand. Deacon; S. H Coii>iiis, Treasurer; Is- 
rael Small, Hubert Ridlon, Evans Ilaiuion, Committee. 

METIIOin.ST KIMSCdI'.M. CIlUIiCLI. 

The first Methodist class was funned under the preaching 
of Revs. Alfred Metealf and Daniel Berry in 1802. Early 
meetings were held in Capt. Jonathan Moore's house, the 
'room-partitions being removed Ibi-tliat purpose. Thomas 
Shaw, Jonatiian Moore, Ann Warren, and George Thomas, 
wjio was clas.s-leader until 1821, were among the first mem- 
bers. Revs. Ebenezer Blake, Philip Ayer, and Joel Wick 
preceded Joseph Dennet, who came in 181G, and was fol- 
lowed by James Jayiies. Rev. Mr. Ainies, who died in 
Gorham, John Paine, Jonatiian Whiting, Philip and John 
S. Ayer, IMelville B. Cox, and John Shaw also preached on 
this circuit. Rev. Jlr. Shaw died in Gorham while a 
young man. Through the exertions of Rev. Green G. 
Moore a church was erected in 182G at York's Corner. 
Revs. Nathaniel Morris, Samuel Jewott, Philip Munger, 
1832 ; M. Wright, 1834 ; James Harrington, Daniel Crock- 
ett, David Copeland were pastors to 1838 ; Nathaniel 
Pride succeeded in 18313 ; John Hatch, 1840 ; Isaac Lord, 
1841 ; Orlando H. Jasper, 1842; George S. Davis, George 

D. Strout, 1843; O. II. Jasper, 1845; Edward A. StuflF- 
nian, 1848; Luther B. Knight, 185G; Benjamin Free- 
man, 1858 ; John E Baxter, 18G0; S. V. Gerry, 18G2 ; 
Nathan Andrews, 18G3 ; II. H. Martin, 18G4 ; William C. 
Steven.s, 18G7 ; Ezra Sanborn. 18G9; Alva Cook, 1871; 
Benjamin F. Pease, 1874; W. S. Mclntire, 1877; W. F. 
Berry, 1878: George Hoyt, 1879. Present trustees: 
Charles F. Brown, A. Boulton, David L. W'arren, A. 
IT.-ihei-. Recording steward and class-leader, Aaron S. 
Nasoii. Membership, 82. 

A church was organized at Standish Corner in 1849; 
Jonathan Moore, Joseph Moody, Freeman Paine, John 
and Daniel Rich, and others, to the number of 29, joining 
in application for a charter. A building was erected by 
Jonathan Moore, Joseph Moody, Freeman Paine, and Leon- 
ard Chase, trustees, and dedicated by Rev. Joseph Jennie, 
presiding elder, Dec. 4, 1849. The pastors have been 
John C. Perry, 1849; Daniel Waterhouse, N. D. Centre, 
C. C. Mason, Alpha Turner, S. S. Ranks, J. Rice, Marcus 
Wright. Pi'esent steward, Freeman Paine. Trustees, 
Freeman Paine, William Dullif, Daniel B. Jackson. Mem- 
bership, 28. 

TUE STANDISH AC.\I)K.MY 

was incorporated by act of Legislature, in 1848, with Rev. 
Ichabod Nichols, Rufus P. Cutler, John T. G. Nichols, 



Andrew Hobson, Jonathan Moore, Wm. H. Lowell, Edwin 
J. Gerry, Geo. II. Nichols, Green Cram, Gardner Dennett, 
Tiieodore M. Bradbury, Thomas Cram, Joshua Payne, Jr., 
James W. Emery, trustees. Rev. Ichabod Nichols wa.s 
made President; William H. Lowell, Vice-President ; T. 
M. Bradbury, Secretary; and Gardner Dennett, Treasurer. 
The upper floor of the First Parish church was filled by 
them, and occupied as academy rooms. In August, 1849, 
the Legislature of Maine conveyed to the trustees one-half 
towii-sliip of land; their committee eflPectcd a sale to Wni. 
T. Chadbourne, for $4350. 

The principals have been Thomas Talbott, 1848-49; 
Richard Gardner, Lincoln F. Emer.son, 1851 ; George 
Sennot, 1852; D. L. Lane, 1853; Lucien Hunt, 1853 
-54 ; Henry Dunlap, 185G. The academy declined for 
want of sufficient patronage. The last meeting of the di 
rectors was held July 14, 1857. 

A.SSOCIATIONS. 

There is a lodge of F. A. M., Standi.sh Centre. 

Lodges of 1. 0. of G. T. : Sebago Lake, No. 9G ; Steep 
Falls, No. 77 ; Bonny Eagle, No. 21. 

Patrons of Husbandry, Standish, No. 122. 

Cornet Band, Steep Falls, established 1879, Andrew F. 
Saiiburn, leader. 

Merchants: Theodore Mussey, Robert Rowe, Standish 
Corner, 1803 ; Benj. Chadbourne, Joseph Webster, Old 
Landing, 1825 ; Wm. Foss, Wm. Wingate, Steep Falls, 
182G ; Cousins & Banks, Wingate & Hobson, Tobias 
Lord, Jr., Steep Falls, 1878; Nancy W. Trafton, ladies' 
goods, W. Paine, postmaster, 1878; J. S. Webster, Lemuel 
Rich & Sim, Sebago Lake, 1878; J. P. Warren, Bonny 
Eagle, 1878. 

Manufacturers : Archambeau & Decormier, grist-mill, 
established 1874 ; G. M. & S. C. Rich, lumber and stones ; 
J. (3. Dyer, staves; F. A. Radou, F. Harmon, W. S. 
Ilanseom, carriages; Waterhouse & Plummer, boots and 
shoes ; Irvin & E. T. Libby, smiths ; W^. H. Bacon & ('n . 
clothing, Sebago Lake; Wingate & Hobson, clothing; 
Tobias Lord, box-lumber, plaster, and grist-mill ; Coolbroth 
& Tucker, grist- and stave-mill ; W. D. & Leroy S. Mayo, 
coopers; C.N. Shaw, smith, Steep Falls; Isaac D.Sawyer, 
established 1877 ; Evans & Libby, clothing ; D. B. Jack- 
sun, marble ; Bryant Paine, D. U. Paine, A. Rand, N. 
Rand, coopers; S. Higgins, Freeman Paine, smiths. 

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES. 
The first schou! was organized in the western district 
previous to 1787, iu which year a proposition was pre- 
sented for building a school-house. The next year, £60 
were voted to build a school house. The first school com- 
mittee were Bryan Martin, Peter Moulton, Joseph Case, 
and William Cummings. Mrs. Cummings taught school 
in her house in 1793, giving the children their lessons 
while working at her loom. In 1821 the town was regu- 
larly orgiinized into 10 school districts, and in 183G in- 
creased to 15. The town now comprises 13 school di.s- 
triets. W^iole number of school children, G07. For the 
year ending March, 1879, moneys rai.sed by the town were 
$2100, of which $50 is assigned to Fry's Island, an i.sland 





/^{y^.-C-0' 




'^^r Z_, 



William H. Dkesseu, eldest son of Josepli and 
Olive (Dennett) Dresser, was born in Hollis, York 
Co., Me., Jan. 1, 1832. His tatlier was a native of 
Bnxton, and died abont 18-37. His niotlier was a 
dangliter of tiie late John Dennett, of Hollis, one 
of the early settlers of that town, a farmer and 
tanner by oeeupation, a prominent citizen of the 
town and connty, and who, for twenty years in suc- 
cession, was a representative in the Legislature of 
Massachusetts prior to Maine I)ecoming an inde- 
pendent State. 

William H. received his education in the common 
school and Htandish Academy. For ten years he 
was a teacher during winter terms, working on the 
farm in summers. In 18()7 he opened a general 
store in Standish, having become a resident of that 
town when only two years of age by the removal of 
his parents, who .settled there from Hollis in 18.34. 
He continual his mercantile business for three years. 
In 1870 he was appointed deputy sheriff, which 
office he held until 187<!, when lie was clee^ted on 



the Republican ticket sheriff of Cumberland County, 
and by re-election, in the fall of 1878, is now serving 
his second term. 

In early manhood Mr. Dresser began to take an 
interest in local politics and a general interest in the 
affairs of town and county, and as a citizen of Staiidisli 
represented his town in various official places of trust. 
For three years he was a member of the school 
board ; was collector and treasurer of the town, 
and for three years selectman, assessor, ami over- 
seer of the poor. The other children of his father's 
family are Daniel R. and Angeline, wife of James 
AV. Brown, principal of the State Rcfbriu School, 
Minnesota. 

He married, April 27, 18(31, Cassendana, yoimgest 
•laughter in a family of ten children of Wear ami 
Mercy (Sanborn) Cram, of Standish. Her grand- 
father, Daniel Cram, was one of the early settlers 
of the town. Mrs. Dresser was born February, 
18;;(». Their children are Walter II., Alvin C, 
Maud (i., and Mabel. 



TOWN OP STANDISH. 



377 



in Sebago Lake, containing 1000 acres, and occupied by 
one family. The balance is divided among the various 
districts. There are good wood school-houses in each dis- 
trict, except that in No. 4, at Sebago Lake, which is of 

brick. 

LAWYERS. 

Simon Greenleaf, late Professor of Law in Harvard Uni- 
versity, and author of " Greenleaf on Evidence," 1833; 
Randolph S. Codman, William Boyd, Nathan Appleton, 
Daniel C. Pool, Henry Lowell, Pitz-Henry Blussey. Present 
— Horatio J. Swasey, who commenced practice at Standiah 
Corner, in 1833. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Dr. Isaac Snow Tompson, Dr. Ebenezer Howe, who died 
in 1841, Dr. Phineas Ingalls, Dr. Toles, Dr. Whitney, Dr. 
William Westcott. Present — Dr. William Cobb, from 
1864, Dr. A. V. Thompson, 1874 to 1879. 



cepted Scottish bodies to tiie thirty-second degree, and 
has been installed Chancellor Commander of the first lodge 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

TOBIAS LORD, 

son of Tobias and Susan (Deering) Lord, natives of Ken- 
nebunk, York Co., was born in Hollis, York Co., Dec. 30, 
1803. His early life was spent on the form and in assist- 
ing his father in lumbering. The remainder of his life, 
after reaching his majority, has been spent in farming, lum- 
bering, and as a merchant. 

He married Adeline, daughter of Joseph Hobson, of 
Buxton, Me. Of this union were born five children, four 
of whom are living, viz., John, Jeremiah, Abbie, wife of 
Dr. William S. Cobb, of Standish, Tobias, Jr. Politically 
he was originally a Democrat, but became a Republican 
upon the formation of that party. He was a representa- 
tive from Buxton in the State Legislature of 1836. In 
the spring of 1836 he removed from Buxton to Standish, 
and has been a representative since he resided in Cumber- 
land County, and has also held the local offices of assessor 
and selectmen. 



TOBIAS LORD, Jr., 

youngest son of Tobias Lord, was born in the town of 
Standish, Cumberland Co., Me., Dec. 2, 1846. His pa- 
rents removed from Buxton some forty years ago, and set- 
tled at Steep Falls, where his father has been largely 
engaged in the lumber business, and during his residence 
there he has been instrumental in building up the village. 
Tobias Lord, Jr., received a good common-school and aca- 
demical education, and at the age of sixteen was appointed 
clerk in the Provost-Marshal General's Bureau, Washing- 
ton, D. C. After one year he resigned and became a 
clerk for his father. In 1875 he succeeded his father in 
the general store, and has since carried on a successful 
business at Steep Falls, Standish. Mr. Lord is an inter- 
ested, active, and influential member of the Republican 
party, and represented the district of Standish and Bald- 
win in the Legislature of 1879 and 1880. He has been a 
member of the Masonic fraternity since lie reached his 
majority, passing through the York and Ancient and Ac- 
48 




I'hoto. by Lamson, 



of Knights of Pythias instituted in Standish. He is a 
man of great perseverance, of strict integrity in all his busi- 
ness relations, and performs his official duties-with zeal and 
fidelity. 




COL. LEMUEL RICH (3d), 
son of Tsriiel and Rliuda (Smith) Rich, was born in the 
town of Standish, Aug. 25, 1804. His father was born 



378 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



in Gorham in 1776, and his ancestors were from England, 
settled in Truro, Mass., from wliich place the family re- 
moved to Cumberland County. 

Col. Rich received his education in the common school 
and in Gorham Academy. His early life was spent in 
agricultural pursuits, teaching school, and in the cooper 
business. In 1831 he began selling general merchandise 
in the town of Standish, and in the same year, December 
2d, he married Esther, daughter of James Bangs, of Gor- 
ham. They have an adopted son, John H., who is a mem- 
ber of the firm of L. Rich & Son, of Standish. Politically, 
he was originally a Democrat, but became a member of the 
Republican party during President Pierce's administration. 
He was a representative in the State Legislature in 1840 
aud 1841 ; county commissioner in 1842, '44, '45, and '46 ; 
and has held the office of justice of the peace since 1831, — 
a period of nearly one-half a century. 

He is a member of the Baptist Church of Standish. He 
joined the State militia in 1823, was commissioned lieuten- 
ant in 1826, and resigned with the rank of colonel. His 
wife died March, 1874. 



WILLIAM RICH, 

son of Col. Lemuel and Betsey (Smith) Rich, was born in 
the town of Staudi.sh, Oct. 15, 1809. His education was 
received in the common school and at Parsonsfield Academy. 
His life has been spent on the farm and in the manufacture 
of lumber. He married, Oct. 19, 1837, Hannah, daughter 
of Joshua Emery, of Gorham. She was born in that 
town, May 16, 1816. Of this union were born six chil- 
dren, — Lyman H., born July 19, 1839, and died Dec. 13, 
1857; Samuel C, born Sept. 12, 1841, and resides with 
his father ; W. E. Channing, born April 10, 1843, princi- 
pal of Lameree Grammar School at South Boston ; Cyrus 
H., born March 18, 1845, resides in Lowell; Eugene, born 
April 10, 1847 ; Emery, born Nov. 7, 1850. The mother 
of these children died Nov. 17, 1850. 

Mr. Rich married, June 26, 1853, Lucy, daughter of 
Daniel Freeman, of Standish. She was born Dec. 8,1821. 
Of this union was born one daughter, — Hannah E., born 
July 25, 1857. He is a respectable farmer, and has held 
the office of selectman in his town. He is a member of 
the church, and a promoter of kindred interests. 



WESTBROOK AND DEERING. 



BOUNDARIES AND PHYSICAL FEATURES. 

Thk towns of Westbrook and Deering, formerly West- 
brook, are bounded by Falmouth on the north, Casco Bay 
on the east, Portland, Cape Elizabeth, and part of Scar- 
borough on the south, and Gorham and Windham on the 
west. The principal streams in the towns are the Presump- 
scot, which enters Westbrook from Gorham, running nearly 
southeast to the falls at Saccarappa, where it makes a beud 
to the eastward and northward, and forming the dividing 
line between Westbrook and Deering, flows in a northeasterly 
course into the town of Falmouth, whence by an easterly 
course it empties into Casco Bay ; the Stroudwater, which 
crosses the southern part of the towns, flowing southeast- 
ward into Fore River, which it enters at Stroudwater vil- 
lage, the old landing- place for vessels at tide- water ; and 
Fore River, which takes its rise in Deering, and flows south 
into Portland Harbor. Duck Pond Creek, flowing from 
the north, enters the Presumpscot River in Westbrook. 

The surface of these towns is flat or rolling, and in some 
places moderately hilly. Along the coast it is agreeably 
diversified, presenting many points of beautiful scenery, in 
which the cultivated landscape and bright waters of the 
bay mingle in the view. Northward of Portland or Back 
Cove sandy plains prevail to a considerable extent. This 
section of Deering, being traversed by railroads and horse- 
cars, forms a suburban adjunct to the city of Portland, 
aud is adorned by many country-seats and villas. The 



horse-cars run every half-hour during the day to Wood- 
ford's and Morrill's Corners, Evergreen Cemetery, and 
Westbrook Seminary, in Deering. 

FIRST PARISH OP WESTBROOK. 

Westbrook, with Falmouth, Cape Elizabeth, Portland, 
and Deering, was originally included in the settlement begun 
in 1632, known first as Casco, and after the submission to 
Massachusetts, in 1658, as Falmouth. That part known 
as the town of Westbrook (including Deering) was set off 
and incorporated in 1814. Previous to this it had a long 
history as part of the general territory, and then as a parish 
in Falmouth, organized for a purpose which lies close to the 
loot of New England society, the support of public wor- 
ship and the institutions of religiou. When we go back 
in the history of a New England town we draw to a focus 
around the old meeting-house. 

The original town of Falmouth was one parish uji to 1733, 
when the territory of Cape Elizabeth was formed into the 
Second Parish, called Purpooduck till the incorporation of 
the district of Cape Elizabeth, in 1765. The First Parish 
was that which now has its meeting-house on Congress 
Street, Portland, and dates from 1727. In 1753 that por- 
tion of Falmouth called New Casco, now Fidmouth Cor- 
ner, was set off' into the Third Parish, on account of the 
distance from the Neck, and the difficulties of attending re- 
ligious services there, the people having to cross from 





MRS. CHARLES ROBERTS, 



CHARLES ROBERTS. 



( PHOTOS BY LAMSON 




RESIDENCE OF CHARLES KUBLKIS .WtsrBROOK, ME. 



TOWNS OF WESTBROOK AND DEERING. 



379 



Martin's Point to the point where the Marine Hospital 
now stands or boat over to what is now East Deering.* 

On the 28th of March, 17G4, the inhabitants residing 
in what are now Westbrook and Deering obtained the 
consent of the First Parish for a separate organization, and 
were accordingly set off as the Fourth Parish in Falmouth. 
This designation they bore till the incorporation of Cape 
Elizabeth, the year following, when, the society in that 
town having taken the name of the First Parish of Cape 
Elizabeth, the parish in Westbrook became the Third 
Parish of Falmouth. When Westbrook was incorporated 
it became the First Parish of Westbrook, and so when 
Deering was set off it became the First Parish of Deering, 
besides being known by such familiar names as " Parson 
Browne's," " Parson Bradley's," and " Old South.'' 

The authority to organize the new parish was granted by 
the General Court ; the old parish held a meeting at which 
there appears to have been two chairmen, William Slemons 
aud Peter Noyes ; Stephen Longfellow was clerk, and Jo- 
seph Noyes, surveyor, to lay out the new parish, which was 
done in due time. The parish immediately took active 
measures for their religious edification. A meeting was 
called at the house of Mr. Joseph Riggs, Sept. 10, 1764, 
to " agree to settell the Gospell" among them. John 
Johnson was moderator, and James Bailey clerk.f Mr. 
Riggs was instructed " to go aud get a good minister to 
preach the Gospel to them as soon as he could conveniently 
allow." 

" Mr. Riggs was evidently a prompt man in those days 
when telegraph poles were wanting and mails went only slowly 
over the king's highway to Boston and beyond ; for on the 
3d of October we find that the Rev. Thomas Browne 
had come all the way from Marshfield, Mass., and after 
resting a day or two, and calling upon a few of the scat- 
tered pai'ishioners, Parson Browne preached on the 7th 
of October, which was Sunday, and on Monday, the next 
day, the people met at -Mr. Jeremiah Riggs', and after 
adding two to the committee to make it more imposing, 
they were ' empowered to make a contract with the said 
Rev. Thomas Browne for him to preach three or five months, 
and also to agree with the minister for his boarding.' Hav- 
ing now a parish and a preacher, a meeting-house was next 
in order. The same working committee was ordered ' to 
gitt a frame 40 foot long and 35 feett wide, one story high, 
to be sitt near where the meeting-house is to be built, near 



•Willis records the fact that " in 1751 a monthly meeting was estab- 
lished for the Quakers residing in Falmouth and Harpswcll." The 
male members were James Wiuslow, James IJoddard, and Benjamin 
Winsluw, of Falmouth. It is supposed that these people met at a 
private house. Mr. James Winslow some years before had a grant of 
land on Back Cove, near Fall Brook, near the place now owned by 
Mr. John Warren. The grant was made to him in 1729 for a priv- 
ilege to erect a corn-mill. He afterwards moved with his elTects to a 
place near the Maine Central Railroad crossing of the Presiiuipscot 
River. It would appear that the Friends had the first organiza- 
tion for religious worship in the country northward of Portland, 
and that the parish at Falmouth Corner was the ne.vt. The earliest 
mentioned meeting-house of the Friends was built near where the 
old Gray road crosses the Presumpscot River, in Falmouth. The 
building was used in 1815, and how much later we are not informed, 
t Mr. Johnson lived at the place known as "Johnson's neighbor- 
hood;" Mr. Bailey probably at " Bailey's Hill." 



the County road, above Mr. Anthony Brackctt, Jr.'s house, 
to be for the meeting-house for the present.' This is the 
lot used for the present church edifice. No mention is 
made of any stoves, for they had none ; nor were lights 
used excepting near the desk." 

Parson Browne was an educated man. He had been pre- 
viously settled at Marshfield, Ma-^s. His preaching pleased 
the people so well that, in April, 17G5, they concluded to 
settle him as a permanent minister. The contract was that 
he should receive £100 a year and £120 for a "settle- 
ment," as the term was,-^probably a kind of bonus paid 
by the people, as ministers were scarce, and had to be moved 
at expense to themselves for long distances. This last 
amount of £120 was to be paid in installments of £40 a 
year. 

"June 12, 17()5, a committee was raised to hunt up 
entertainment for man and beast when the ministers and 
delegates should arrive to settle Parson Browne. A meet- 
ing of this kind was an imposing affair in those days. The 
clergy appeared in their gowns, and quite likely in wigs. 
The examination of the candidate was conducted at great 
length into all the hair-splitting shades of theology. At 
some time during the day (for a whole day was thus sacri- 
ficed) their attention was directed to the lighter matters of 
an installation dinner, which was generally served at the 
residence of the best parishioner, and was apt to be pro- 
longed so as to encroach upon more solemn duties. The 
prohibitory law was not then in force, and the various kinds 
of rum, gin, and brandy, from the choice collections of the 
'squires and sea-captains, were brought into full service to 
fortify the venerable preachers for their further duties. 
The records show that Mr. Joseph Riggs reported that he 
had spent nine pounds eight pence for the installing ser- 
vices, and the parish thought it a fair charge and voted to 
pay the bill." 

" There is an amusing incident that will bear recital in 
connection with Mr. Browne's leaving Marshfield. It 
seems that his ministry in that town came to an abrupt 
termination. The pulpit in those days was perched up higii 
in the air ; the preachers and the deacons wore wigs ; the 
deacons sat in special seats provided for them directly under 
the pulpit and facing the people. Now, into the meeting- 
house at Marshfield one Sunday came a jolly old sailor, who 
did not know the laws of seating, and desiring to get as 
good a seat as he could, he strolled up to the deacon's seat 
and placed himself between the venerable occupants. 
Pretty soon the sailor began to tire of the sermon, and 
fumbling round in his pocket he pulled out a rope-yarn, aud 
in a was;gish way tied the said yarn to the pig-tails of the 
yi'i'TS of the deacons. Then, as Pai-son Browne was ' long 
preaching,' the deacons followed the example of the young 
man in the Acts, and ' fell asleep.' Aud as they nodded 
and pitched forward their heads, our jolly sailor pulled on 
his rope yarn and pulled off their wigs. Parson Browne 
looked down and saw it all at a glance. He laughed out- 
right: he could not help it, but his laugh cost him his 
pulpit in Marshfield. ";|: 

Seven years ran along with no marked event, until 1772. 



t Manuscript disoourso of William B. Qould, Esq. 



380 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



The rooords show that a dispute had arisen between this 
and the First Parish rcsjieeting sundry lines of division 
between them. Probably some wealthy people lived near 
the borders whose tax each jnirish desired to secure. At 
all events, Mr. William Slenions, who lived over beyond 
Stroudwater, on the Buxton road, was delegated to go to 
Boston to represent the interests of the Third Parish at the 
General Court ; but from some cause the affair took a dif- 
ferent turn, for in December, of the same year, the parish 
was called to decide if they would unite with the other 
party in leaving the matter to the arbitration of Dr. Edwin 
Russell and John Lewis, of North Yarmouth, and Mr. 
William Hasty, of Scarborough, or other three good men. 
In 1773, Joseph Riggs and William Siemens were 
cho.sen a committee to build a new meeting-house, upon the 
understanding that the old parishioners should have their 
rights in the new building. Although it does not appear 
upon the records, it is the current tradition that the house 
was erected in 1774. In consequence of the depreciation 
of the currency (Continental money) from 1776 to 1779, 
the parish voted to raise Mr. Browne's salary to £240. In 
the latter year the parish received a grant of 60 acres of 
land, and Capt. Pride, from Pride's Corner, Lieut. Wilson, 
from Frost's Woods, and Maj. James Johnson, from beyond 
the Stroudwater, were appointed a committee to find said 
land and to " pitch it," and then to " report as soon as may 
be." The year 1779 seems to have been a hard one in 
money matters, and Parson Browne preferred to try pro- 
duce for his salary that year. William Frost, parish clerk, 
enters the following contract upon the records : 

" Votedf That one-fifth part of Rev. Thomas Browne's salary for 
the present year be paid in Indian Corn, rye, and wheat, in the month 
of January next, at the following prices, viz. : Indian Corn, the natural 
growth of this country, at four shillings, rye at iU. Ss,, and wheat at 6«. 
per bushel. That the remaining four-fifths of his salary be stated 
and proportioned agreeable to the current price of beef in the afore- 
said parish in the month of Movember ne.\t; allowing two jience and 
^ of a penny per ib, to be the original price, and that the asses- 
sors and the Rev. Thomas Browne be vested with full power to deter- 
mine the price of beef as proportioned above, and to proportion the 
salary accordingly." 

" The next year it was no better, although paper money 
was abundant. The salary was paid in 1780 in corn, rye, 
and wheat, with the addition of good cord-wood, delivered 
at his house in Back Cove, at His. a cord, beef at 2d. cijai:, 
or Spanish milled dollars at 6s., or, if people preferred, they 
might pay — even in those days of primeval greenbacks — 
at forty-five paper dollars for one Spanish milled dollar. 
Subsequently the records show that a price in paper money 
was fixed for corn for all that year, viz., sixti/ dollars of 
paper currency for every bushel of corn. The next year 
Ruth PeuDcll was voted 18s. for being the woman sexton, 
yet she got $45, such as it was."* 

In the Ibllowing vote, taken at a parish-meeting in 1785, 
there appears the dawn of a change from the old-fashioned 
method of " lining out" hymns, which were usually drawled 
by one of the deacons : 

** Vittml, That the singers are desired to sit in the singers' seats, and 
have liberty to sing the last time on each day of public worship witii- 
out reading, and to sing such tunes as are agreeable to them.'' 



■ Manuscript discourse of Mr. Gould. 



At the same meeting there was a bill presented by Joshua 
Stevens " for making a christening stand, one pound ten." 

In 1797 commenced the illness of Parson Browne which 
terminated his earthly labors. The parish, in addition to 
the usual salary, voted £50 to supply preaching by another 
when the minister was sick. Mr. Browne died that year, 
and his widow was paid £75 in full settlement of his claim. 

Mr. Browne lived in a house which stood near Wood- 
ford's Corner, a rod or two south of the present residence 
of Mr. George Racklefl'. His barn stood where Capt. Jor- 
dan's house now stands, and we are told that his well was 
some years since filled up with stones. Mr. Sawyer's house, 
on the corner, is about where the old well was. He owned 
all the land from Brighton Corner to the salt water, — i.e., 
the woods on High Street, and thence down Spring, Me- 
chanic and Lincoln Streets, including Mr. Sparrow's place.'}" 
We are not informed what Mr. Browne paid for this land, 
but it is said that when Mr. Chandler Racleff bought of 
Mr. Browne he paid only $2200 for the entire tract. 

After Mr. Browne's death, Rev. Mr. Wright supplied the 
pulpit till June, 1798. A meeting was then held to see if 
Rev. Mr. Parker should be called : the parish voted against 
it. In June, 1799, Rev. Caleb Bradley was called, and 
accepted the invitation of the parish. He was then a young 
man, and had been studying theology with Rev. Dr. Cum- 
mings, at Billerica. Dr. Cummings preached the sermon 
on the occasion of his ordination, Oct. 9, 1799. Dr. Deane, 
of the First Parish in Portland, made the ordaining prayer. 

The affairs of the parish went on smoothly, with nothing 
special to note, except the death of Mr. Daniel Dole, in 
1815, who had for many years served the parish as clerk. 
But the trial came in 1821. " The preaching, or the prac- 
tice, or both, of Mr. Bradley, together with the growing 
doctrines of Universalism and of other liberal teachings, 
and possibly the outgrowing of the old parish taxing sys- 
tem, led a very great number of the parishioners to give 
formal, legal notice to the clerk that they were no longer 
to be considered as contributors to the salary paid to Rev. 
Caleb Bradley." A large number of those who withdrew 
formed the Universalist Society, now worshiping at Ste- 
vens' Plains,]; while several who withdrew were again voted 
in as members of the old parish. Of course the " Old 
South" Society was weakened by the withdrawal of so many 
worthy men ; the finances shrank ; even as far back as 1823 
Parson Bradley concluded that he was himself the best tax 
collector in the parish, and actually undertook the task, and 
was allowed six per cent, commission on the collection of 
his own salary. By continual increase of their debt to the 
preacher the parish became largely in arrears, and, after 
much consultation, it was finally settled by the release to 
Mr. Bradley of a very considerable property then owned 
by the parish, being the estate so long occupied by himself, 
as well as much land running along the road eastward from 
his house, back to Brighton. In 1824 the parish was told, 
in very plain English, that if they did not propose .to pay 
their bills he should stop his preaching ; but he made a 
proposition to abandon the old system of parish taxes and 
accept voluntary contributions, which appears to have been 

f Manuscript discourse. 

X See History of the Universalist Church. 




GC^ci^/-^ ^^-e^ C/ct.^^/-zX^> 



Hon. Leander Valentine was born in the village of 
Saccarappa, town of Westbrook (then Stroudwater), March 
1-i, 1814. His first ancestor in this country was John 
Valentine, who descended from an ancient family in the 
parish of Eccles, England, and who is mentioned in the 
Boston Records as having been made a freeman May 12^ 
1675. Married, April 16, 1702, to Mary Lynde. They 
had seven children. Their son, Thomas, Leander's great- 
grandfather, removed to Hopkinton, Mass., about 1730. 
Was married, July 17, 1735, to Elizabeth Gooch, whose 
parents lived upon a street in Boston which now bears their 
name. They had six sons and five daughters. Their .son, 
William Valentine, born Nov. 2, 1750, at Hopkinton, Mass., 
married, about 1770, Elizabeth Jones, by whom he had 
fifteen children, — eleven sons and four daughters. Their 
son, William, Leander's father, was born April 14, 1773. 
Married Abigail Spring, of Northboro', Mass., and in 1803 
removed to Westbrook (then Falmouth), where he engaged 
in the manufacture of nails. At the same time he carried 
on a grocery trade in the building now occupied by L. W. 
Edwards. In 1815 he gave up all other business and 
turned his attention to farming. He was for several years 
selectman of the town, and was one of the original trustees 
of the Saccarappa Grammar School Association. He died 
in Westbrook, April 16, 1845. His wife died Jan. 27, 
1861. They had eleven children, three of whom are still 
living, viz., Albert, Leander, and Caroline, the latter the 
wife of Moses B. Walker, of Poland, Mc. 

Leander Valentine received his education in the common 
school at Saccarappa village, supplemented by two terms 



at Westbrook Seminary. He taught school from 1835 to 
1S54, nineteen years, mostly in the town of Westbrook. 
He was for a number of years engaged in the grocery trade 
at Saccarappa, first with T. B. Edwards as partner, subse- 
quently with the firms of Valentine, Hardy & Co., and 
Valentine & Pennell. He was married Aug. 28, 1842, to 
Margaret S. Coolbroth, daughter of Joseph W. and Alice 
Coolbroth. Mrs. Valentine was born April 21, 1822, in 
the town of Gorham. They have had one child, Marcena 
Adriana, born May 16, 1845; died April 1, 1846. 

In politics Mr. Valentine was identified with the Demo- 
cratic party up to the time of the repeal of the Missouri 
Compromise. Regarding slavery and its extension as the 
paramount evil of the land, he united with the Republican 
party, and from the time of its organization has been one 
of its staunch supporters. He has held various ofiBces of 
public trust ; was school commissioner twelve years, and 
one of the selectmen two years ; represented the town in 
the Legislature in 1847-48 ; was a member of the Senate 
in 1849 ; a member of tlie Executive Council in 1850-52 ; 
and has been connected with the custom-house in Port- 
land from May, 1861, to September, 1877, — six years as 
weigher and ganger, one year as assistant appraiser, and 
nine years as appraiser. At the end of this long term of 
service he resigned the position on account of ill health. 

In religion Mr. Valentine has entertained Universalist 
views. He has always resided near the place where he 
was born, and the places of honor and trust he has held 
are of themselves sufficient evidence of the esteem in which 
he is held by his townsmen and the public. 




Iiuto. tiy Uuntjoii, rurtluud. 



WILLIAIM L. PENNELL 



was bom in the town of Gray, Cumberland Co., Mc, 
April 15, 1821. The family descends from Clement Pen- 
nell, one of three brothers who emigrated from the Isle of 
Jersey and settled in the town of Deering (then Falmouth). 
He married Ruth Riggs, Jan. 10, 1742. Their son Joseph, 
grandfatlier to William L., married for his first wife 
Hannah Ward, by whom he had eight cliildreu. His 
second wife was Charlotte Nasli, by whom he also had eight 
children. Joseph Pennell, W. L. Pennell's father, was 
the second child by the fir.st wife. He was born in the town 
of Gray, Aug. 7, 1778. He married Elizabeth Stone, of 
Kennebunk, Me., Oct. 29, 1779. Their children were 
Disey S., Susannah, Jeremiah, Robert B., Hannah W., 
Luther, James, William L., and Luther. The first five were 
born in Minot, Androscoggin Co., tlie four latter in Gray. 
All are deceased, except Luther, James, and William L. 
The father died March, 182(5; tlie mother, June, 1828. 

William L. lived at the homestead in Gray until twenty- 
one years of age. His education was limited to the com- 
mon school. When of age, with fifteen dollars in money, 
and a trunk for which he gave his note for five dollars, he 
started out for himself. The note and trunk have been 
preserved as relics. Tiie first year he worked at brick- 
making in Summcrville, Mass., at sixteen dollars per montli. 
The next two seasons he was employed by Geo. Lothara, 
on a farm in Gray. In 1814 he came to Saccarappa, 
where for two seasons he engaged in brick-making, in com- 
pany with his brothers, Luther and James. In 1847 he 
was employed in the cutlery works of Mr. Ropes, at Sacca- 
rappa. In the fall of 1848, in company with James Pen- 



nell, he engaged in the manufacture of coopers' lieading, in 
which business ho continued up to 1854. For tlic next 
thirteen years, cliiefly in company with Leandcr Valentine, 
he carried on the grocery trade in Saccarappa. On account 
of poor hoallh, and with a view to recruit it, he sold out his 
interest, went to Canada, and entered into the oil speculation. 
Lost money, but recovered his liealtli. 

Mr. Pennell, in politics, was first a Whig, and a Repub- 
lican since the organization of the latter party. In 1861-62 
was clerk and treasurer of the town of Westbrook (then 
including Deering). In that capacity he paid the first 
soldiers' bounty for the town. In 1867-68 was one of the 
selectmen of the town. In 1867 was appointed deputy 
sherifi", which position he held for five years. In 1872 
was elected sheriff, and held the office four years. 

In the spring of 1878 he purcliascd liis residence and 
store at Cumberland Mills, where he still resides, and 
carries on the leading grocery trade of the place. 

He was married. May 25, 1848, to Sophia J. Pennell, 
daughter of Thomas and Sarah Pennell. Mrs. Pennell was 
born March 10, 1821, in the town of Buxton, York Co., 
5Ie. They have had six children, viz. : Sarah, born Feb. 
9, 1849 ; died June 21, 1853. Joseph Henry, born July 
27, 1852 ; died Sept. 29, 1870. Addie Louisa, born Dec. 
11, 1853; married, Jan. 27, 1876, Frank Hale Boody ; 
one child, Jennie Ethelyn, born June 30, 1877. William 
Jones, born Sept. 7, 1855; married. May 14, 1879, Abbie 
F. Quinby. Hattie Jane, born July 21, 1857 ; died June 
22,1863. Nettie Sophia, born Nov. 11, 1859 ; living at 
home. 



TOWNS OP WESTBKOOK AND DEERING. 



381 



accepti'il, 1111(1 IVoni tliat time acted ti|i.iri. In 1829, Mr. 
Brailloy ri'sij.'iied the paslui-atc, liavini; lieeii iiiiMister of the 
parish about thirty years. 

" The ministry of Mr. Bradley was marked by charac- 
teristics difi'eriug from those of many of his contemporaries. 
He was freijuently in controversy with the neighboring 
clergymen on matters of doctrine, and for some years was 
not in fellowship with the more orthodo.\ and evangelical 
wing of his denomination." 

Mr. Gould relates the following incident illustrative of 
the peculiarities of Mr. Bradley, which was told him by an 
eye-witness. The scene was at Gorham Corner, in March, 
1847. The Congregational Church had been for some little 
time destitute of a settled pastor, and the people were desir- 
ing to be free from the "candidate fever," so much so that 
several meetings had been held for prayer and consulta- 
tion. The regular quarterly fiist of the church was held, 
and the attendance was quite general. Several of the 
brethren had prayed, and others had bewailed their wicked 
state, when up jumped Mr. Bradley, who had come from 
the Codnian Flats, and in his quick and nervous way said, 
" Let us pray." His prayer was at first a general descrip- 
tion of Gorham ; the wickedness of the people; their needs; 
then what was desired if they had their own way. Then 
he paused, and placing himself as erect as his form would 
allow, he continued nearly as follows : " Lord, have 
mercy on this people ! Thou knowest, Lord, that they 
are a very difficult people, — a people hard to suit. Thou 
knowest that they have had good men sent to them, but they 
did not suit ; some were too tall, some were too short, and 
some they could not have. Thou knowest that they are a 
difficult people." Then Mr. B. paused, and once more he 
began : 'And now, Lord, if thou hast in all thy wide 
univer.se a man suited to this people, we pray, O Lord, that 
thou wouldst find him, and then send him along. Amen," 
— quick and short. It is needless to say that the meeting 
was soon closed. The result was that in a very short time 
the Rev John K. Adams came, and a happy pastorate of 
fourteen years followed. 

The good people of Gorham had one other surprise 
from Mr. Bradley at an earlier day. When llev. Asa Rand 
was the pastor in that town, he exchanged once with Mr. 
Bradley, as etiquette required, but for many years the Gor- 
ham pulpit was closed to the Westbrook minister, as Mr. 
Rand, Mr. Payson, and some others had declared Mr. 
Bradley hardly sound in the fiiith. But in 1822, Rev. Mr. 
Pomeroy came to Gorham, and etiquette required an ex- 
change. It was a bright Sabbath morning in summer, the 
congregation was large, and Mr. Bradley was in his best 
mood. The opening services passed along nicely, while the 
older people were counting how many years it had been 
since the good brother had stood in their pulpit. It was 
time for the sermon. Mr. Bradley stood up with his pecu- 
liar expression, his straight form, and looked all over the 
audience. Every eye was upon him ; everybody feared 
that something was about to happen. Then with his sharp, 
quick voice, he exclaimed so that all the people heard, ''It 
in 1, be not afraid P' When the smile had passed away 
from the faces of the congregation, he added in his most 
serene and quiet tone, " Matt. xiv. 27." 



Some of the old people in Gorham may remember tlie 
time that he visited the school in the Codman District. In 
his fatherly way he told the boys that by real hard study 
they might probably be ministers, or lawyers, or doctors; 
" but," added the par.son, " any of you can be a James K. 
Polk !" 

After a very short interval Rev. Henry Jewett was called 
to the pastorate. He was settled for a term of five years, 
and was a devoted and genial minister, who left behind him 
memories still cherished and an abiding influence for good. 
His ministry began in 1829 and terminated in 1835. At 
a parish-meeting held this year, it was decided to settle 
Rev. Joseph Lane as pastor, and to take down the old meet- 
ing-house and erect a more suitable and modern edifice 
upon the same site. Mr. Lane at first declined, but after- 
wards, upon the importunate pressing of the invitation, he 
accepted, and was ordained Dec. 19, 1836. The new church 
was also built, and is familiar to many as the white church 
still standing. 

Mr. Lane reniaine<l two years. He sub-sequently re- 
moved to the West, and died there in 1850. Rev. Jotham 
Sewall, Jr., was the next pastor, who was ordained in Oc- 
tober, 1839, three months after his call. He came of a 
famous preaching ancestry, and has a goodly number of 
sons who honor the profession. Mr. Sewall was employed 
for $550 a year and a house to live in, the house belonging 
to John Haskell, and rented for $60 a year with the lot. 
He ministered to the parish two years and a half, and was 
succeeded by the following-named clergymen, who success- 
ively supplied the pulpit for several years : Rev. Stephen 
Merrill, Rev. Charles E. Lovel, and Rev. Calvin N. Ran- 
som. 

Rev. John B. AVheelwright received a call in July, 1855 ; 
he was installed by a council in April, 1856, and minis- 
tered with profit till April, 1859, when he was called to 
Bethel, Me. Rev. George S. Gray came in 1860, and 
preached two years. Rev. Francis Southworth followed 
from 1862 to 1864 ; then Rev. Wm. H. Haskell for a 
short time after. 

The Congregational Parish at Woodford's Corner was 
formed, and the house of worship erected, in 1872; since 
which time the services of the denomination for this sec- 
tion of the town have been held in the new edifice, although 
occasional preaching by ditt'ereut persons has been main- 
tained at the old parish. 

CONOREG.\TION.\L CHUKCH AT SACCARA1'P.\. 

This church was the offspring of the First Parish of 
Westbrook, and was formed into a separate parish under 
the ministry of Rev. Mr. Jewett in 1832. Previous to 
this time the minister of the old parish had divided his 
time equally between the two places. But the people in 
Saccarappa and in the upper part of the town had become 
tired of going so far as the old meeting-house to worship ; 
the minister also had got tired of encountering the mud 
and slush and snow and wind during tlie inclement season, 
and desired a change. Besides, Saccarapjia had become 
an important growing centre of population and business, 
and needed a church of her own, as well as tor the accom- 
modation of those farther ofi still from the old parish 



382 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



church. Accordiiifily, on Jan. 17, 1832, the second church 
was formed, and after sixteen months Rev. Joseph Searle 
was installed pastor. 

Among the successons of Rev. Mr. Searle in this parish 
have been Rev. John H. Mordough and John H. Ashley, 
who remained longest, and in more recent days Rev. 
Messrs. Danielson, Tliwing, and Rev. Henry B. Mead. 

CONGREGATIONAL CHUIIOH AT CUMBERLAND MILLS. 

The church in this growing and prosperous village be- 
came a fixed organization Sept. 30, 18G9. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH, WOODFORD'S CORNER. 

In the year 1855 the Methodist Episcopal Society of this 
part of the town was formed, consisting of 20 members, 
and worshiping in the chapel on the corner of Pleasant 
Street and Forest Avenue. The chapel was erected in 
1855-56, and dedicated in the latter year. Rev. William 
McDonald was the first pastor. Rev. W. N. Richardson 
followed, and, with the exception of an interval of about 
four years (^1870-75), there have been preachers in charge 
of the society. Rev. John A. Strout is the present minister. 

UNIVERSALIST CHURCH, STEVENS' PLAINS. 

The settlement of Rev. Russell Streater at Portland in 
1821, and the dissemination of Universalist views at that 
period through the pulpit and the press, had much to do 
with the origin of this society. There were also influences 
at work in the First Congregational Parish of Westbrook, 
with which most of the original founders of this society 
were connected, which favored the movement for the estab- 
lishment of a more independent organization. The 40 or 
50 persons alluded to in the history of that parish, who 
in 1821 notified the clerk that they were no longer to be 
considered its supporters, mostly united to form the Uni- 
versalist Society in 1829. In that year they petitioned 
Moses Quimby, Esq., one of the justices of the town, who 
granted a warrant for the organization of the society. 
Among the founders of this society whose names were 
familiar in the past afl'airs of the old parish, two are still 
living,— Jona. Smith and Albert Stevens. 

Upon the formation of the society measures were early 
taken to secure a place of worship. Several meetings were 
held in the school-house at Stroudwater, and it was finally 
decided that the lot offered by John Jones, Esq., was the 
most eligible site on which to build. The house was ac- 
cordingly erected on the rock at Brighton (now the town- 
house of Deering), and was dedicated by Rev. Mr. Reese, 
of Portland, in September, 1830. In October of the same 
year, Rev. Samuel Brimblecom was settled as pastor, at a 
salary of $400 a year. 

COL. THOMAS WESTBROOK. 
Of Col. Thomas Westbrook, from whom the town de- 
rives its name, we have been able to obtain materials only 
for a meagre sketch. Neither the place nor the date of his 
birth is given by any authority which we have been able thus 
far to discover. From the fact that he named the place of 
his settlement here Stroudwater, it has been inferred that 
he came from Stroudwater in Gloucestershire, England. 



But that is only conjecture. His ancestors may have come 
from there, but ho himself may have been born in this 
country. His early residence was in Portsmouth, N. H., 
where he was well known and held in high esteem by the 
authorities of that province. He first appears in the his- 
tory of Maine as commander of an expedition sent to 
Norridgewock, in 1721, for the purpose of capturing Father 
Rale, the Jesuit priest, who was .supposed to have incited 
the Indians to renewed hostilities. The priest made his 
escape, but important papers were discovered, implicating 
the French in a plot to let loose the savages upon the de- 
fenseless .settlers. When the war broke out, in 1723, Gov- 
ernor Dummer appointed Westbrook c(jmmander of the 
forces on the eastern frontier. 

Willis, in speaking of the second settlement of Falmouth, 
says, " Some, who in that day filled a large space in the 
annals of the town, have left no living memorial to perpet- 
uate their memory. Of these was Col. Thomas Westbrook, 
who had been commander of the forces in the late war ; he 
came from Portsmouth, N. H., in 1727, and was admitted 
a proprietor on the payment of ten pounds. He was a 
very active and useful man, became a large proprietor of 
land, built mills, employed many men, and by his activity 
and capital essentially promoted the welfare of the town. 
He fixed his residence at Stroudwater, in the neighborhood 
of which his estates were situated. Unfortunately, he en- 
tered into large speculations in eastern lands, with Gen. 
Waldo and others, by which he was efiectually ruined. In 
1743, Waldo recovered judgment against him for ten thou- 
sand five hundred pounds, which he levied upon his prop- 
erty, and swept it nearly all away. He died in February, 
1744 ; the fragments of his estate sold at auction, by Enoch 
Freeman, his administrator, amounted to six thousand four 
hundred and six pounds eighteen shillings and nine pence, 
old tenor, equal to eight hundred and fifty pounds lawful 
money."* 

He first lived on the hill beyond Stroudwater Bridge, 
and subsequently built his seat, called " Harrow House," 
on the other side of Stroudwater River, near where the 
tannery now stands, or stood recently. 

In 1735, Col. Westbrook and Samuel Waldo built a dam 
and saw-mill at the lower falls of the Presumpscot River. 

Among the estates which Col. Westbrook owned here 
were half of Great and Little Chebeague Islands. Half 
of the former had been conveyed to Richard Wharton, and 
his title was confirmed by the government of Massachusetts 
in 1683. After his death his administrator, Ephraim Sav- 
age, conveyed his .share of the island to the deacons of the 
First Church, in Boston, for the benefit of the poor. In 
1743 it was owned by the First Church of Boston and Col. 
Westbrook, for in that year Westbrook's half was set off 
upon execution to Samuel and Cornelius Waldo. We are 
not informed how Westbrook came into possession of his 
part of Great Chebeague Island, but Willis tells us that he 
and Waldo derived their title jointly to Little Chebeague 
from the legatees of Silvanus Davis, and that it was taken 
by Waldo on execution at the same time that his property 
in the other island was taken. It was only the year before 



» History of Portlanil, p 354. 




^Uc^//^^^ 



I'l ly I.:ini«.ii, I'.Mllaiiil. 



^ I'^^^^A 



Hon. Georok Waruen was born in tlie town of West- 
brook, Cumberland Co., Me., Oct. tJ, 1811. He was eldest 
son of John and Eleanor Warren, and from boyhood to the 
week of his death, July 29, 1870, his life was one of un- 
tiring activity. While a mere boy he became valuable in 
the service of his father, whose lumbering enterprises 
promised a field for the exercise of his early desire for 
business life. He was clerk and treasurer of the Sacca- 
rappa Manufacturing Company, formerly occupying what is 
known as the island at Saccarappa. His first busine.ss 
venture for himself was in forming a copartnership with the 
late B. M. Edwards (Edwards & Warren), about the year 
1830, a general store, groceries, etc. During this partner- 
ship he attended school at Gardiner, Me., and had previously 
attended school at Bridgton, Parsonsfield, and Gorham. 
His next business connection was with Rufus and Cyrus 
King and his brother, Lewis P. Warren. After the death 
of his father he took the leading part in carrying on the 
extensive lumber manufacturing interest which had been 
built up by his father and uncle. He also, in company with 
his brother, Lewis P., was a.ssociated with diff'erent firms in 
the manufacture of weavers' harnesses, wire, and moccasins. 

He became interested in the building of the York and 
Cumberland Railroad (now the Portland and Rochester), 
and was one of its directors. Having ownership, on the 
death of his father, in lands in Pennsylvania and in Aroos- 
took, Me., he made frequent trips both to the West and 
East in looking after these intere-sts. A Republican since 
the organization of the party (formerly a Whig), he never 
sought office, but accepted a place on the staif of the Gov- 
ernor's council, which came to him, unsought, through the 
influence of friends who knew his worth. 

His valued services in this position were appreciated by 
both Governor Dingley and Governor Connor. It was im- 
possible for him to be otherwise than active. His nature 
and long-continued practice required of him continual labor, 
and not till 1 875, when he became a councilor, was there any 



relaxation. In 1876, having determined to close up the 
lumber business entirely, and desirous of making a business 
for his sons, he commenced the improvement of the island 
water-power, which, by a division of real estate between 
him and his brother, Lewis P., April 1, 187G, became his, 
and arranged to erect a mill for the manufacture of woolen 
goods. This enterprise he did not live to carry out. The 
bridge and foundation for the mill were but just completed, 
when, having recently returned from a visit to the Centen- 
nial Exposition at Philadelphia with his wife, ho took a 
violent cold at the seaside, whither he had gone to spend 
the Sabbath with his brother, and forced to take his bed at 
home on Monday morning, died on the following Saturday. 
His funeral was largely attended. Governor Connor and his 
council paying their last respects to the deceased by their 
presence. 

Mr. Warren always manifested a strong interest in Free- 
masonry, studied its beauties, and lived up to its teachings. 
He was Past Master of Temple Lodge, No. 86, Past High 
Priest of Eagle Chapter, No. 11, and member of council 
and eommandery at Portland. In the old militia tiroes he 
was lieutenant and captain. At the time of his death he 
was trustee of the grammar school fund and of the Sacca- 
rappa Savings Bank. 

Mr. Warren was a close student of the Bible, and in re- 
ligion entertained liberal views. Though he had withdrawn 
from membership in the orthodox church, he continued a 
constant attendant at divine service. Firmly supporting 
and maintaining his own belief, he was an earnest laborer in 
the cause of truth. He married, in 1842, Catharine B. 
Palmer, of Hampton, N. II., who survives him. 

Their children are W^illiam L., born May 12, 18-13, mar- 
ried Isa L. Cummings, of Paris, Me. ; George L., born 
Oct. 11, 1847, married Jennie L. Duncan, of Danvci's, 
Mass.; Ellen L., wife of Hebron Mayliew ; George, Jr. 
(deceased); Charles F., born March 29, 1851; Bnfns 
King (drowned) ; Fred. E. 




Photo, by Lamson, Portland. 



LEWIS P. WARREN 



was born in tlie town of Westbrook, Ctimljcrlaud 
Co., Me., Aug. 11, 1817, the youngest child of John 
and Eleanor (Lamb) Warren. 

John Warren, Ids grandfather, was born in Ber- 
wick, York Co., Me., March 5, 1731, and before 
marriage settled in Westbrook. He married Jane 
Johnson, who was born in Westbrook, June 15, 1740. 
They had twelve chihh-en, six sons and six daugliters. 

John Warren, his father, was their fourth son. 
He was born in Westbrook, IMay 23, 177(5 ; married 
Eleanor Lamb, daughter of William Lamb, Nov. 
29, 1810. ]\L-s. Warren M-as born July 5, 1785. 
Their children were George, whose biography ap- 
pears on another page of this volume; William G., 
born Dec. 17, 1814, killed April 14, 1835, while 
employed in rolling logs; and Lewis P., the subject 
of this sketch. John Warren was an extensive manu- 
facturer and dealer in lumber, and was one of West- 
brook's most enterprising and active business men. 
He died Sept. 10, 1845. His wife died Jan. 13, 
1835. 

Lewis P. Warren received his education in the 
common school at Saccarappa, with two years' attend- 
ance at the academy, Parsonsfield, York Co., Me. 
At the age of eighteen he engaged in the dry-goods 
trade at Saccarappa, in company with Cyrus King, 
a partnership which continued five years. He then 
took the management of the homestead farm. Upon 



the death of their father his landed estate, mill, and 
mercantile interests c^me into the joint possession of 
George and Ivewis P., which thereafter, until 1876, 
were kept undivided, George taking charge of the mill 
and mercantile interests, the conduct of the form 
devolving upon IjCwIs P. In addition to the exten- 
sive lumbering interests in which, in company with 
his brother George and others, under different firm- 
names, he was engaged, he had a joint interest with 
his brother in the nianufiicture of wire — firm, War- 
ren & Pennell ; in milling — firm, S. T. Raymond & 
Co. ; in the manufacture of moccasins — firm, W. H. 
Neal & Co. ; and in the manufacture of weavers' 
harnesses — firm, Warren, Pennell & Co. On the first 
day of April, 1876, a division of property was made 
between himself and his brother George, since which 
time Mr. Warren has devoted himself to the care of 
his farm and in settling up the business of the firm. 
In politics Mr. AVarren has been identified with 
the Whig and Republican parties. He has been a 
member of the Congregational Church at Saccarappa 
since 1843. He w;is married, Feb. 20, 1844, to 
Sarah Turner, daughter of Henry and Sarah Turner, 
of Otisfield. Mi-s. Warren was born May 21,1818. 
They have five children, viz. : John W., born Jan. 
16, 1847; Albert R, born March 4, 1850; Lelia 
A., born Dec. 28, 1852; Edna A., born Feb. 25, 
1857; and Cora B., born Dec. 26, 1858. 



TOWNS OF WESTBROOK AND DEERING. 



383 



liis death that Col. Westbrook was stripped of these estates. 
Wlio knows by how much intrigue and overreaching by 
his associates in business this ruin may have been acoom- 
pli.shed, and what effect these misfortunes may have had in 
hastening their victim to an untimely grave? He was a 
man evidently of large abilities, and one who had proved 
himself worthy of exalted trusts by the government. In 
the fourth Indian and French war he was appointed to the 
command of the eastern forces ; and there is no evidence 
that his duty was not faithfully discharged. He was the 
government agent for procuring masts for the navy, and 
when that interest was removed from Portsmouth to Fal- 
mouth, in 1726, he was sent early the next spring to take 
charge of it ho'e. 

The Neio England Weekly Journal, May 8, 1727, printed 
at Boston, observes : 

"We have an account tb at the mast business, which has for some time 
been fo much the benefit of the neighbor province of New- Hampshire, 
is removed farther eastward, where it has been carried on the last win- 
ter with such success as could hardly have been expected, considering 
the very little seasonable weather for it. Capt. Farles, in one of the 
mast ships, now -lies in Casco Bay, who, we hear, is not a little pleased 
with the peculiar commodiousness of that fine harbour to carry on 
the said business. And as this must tend very much to encourage 
the settlements of those parts of the country, especially the flourish- 
ing bay that will be the centre of it, so there is no reason to fear but 
that our government will, in their wisdom, look upon it very much to 
their interest to protect and encourage it." 

Col. Westbrook married a daughter of John Sherburne, 
mariner, of Portsmouth, N. H. His only child, Elizabeth, 
married Richard Waldron, of Portsmouth, a grandson of 
Col. Richard Waldron, whom the Indians killed at Dover 
in 1689. They left issue, and Maj. Waldron, of the United 
States Marine Corps (1851), was her grandson.* Rich- 
ard Waldron, who married Elizabeth Westbrook, was born 
Feb. 21, 1694, and died Aug. 23, 1753. 

Col. Westbrook was clerk of the town of Falmouth in 
1736. Southgate, in his history of Scarborough, says, 
" Col. Thomas Westbrook was residing in Scarborough in 
1719. At this time he, with his lumbermen and John 
Milliken, Jr., were the only persons living at Dunstan. 
He was at that time a shipper of masts, and continued 
here a long time in the pursuit of that business. In 1728 
we find him assisting in the organization of the Black Point 
Church." He had settled at Stroudwater previous to this, 
but his interests extended to all the lumbering regions 
of this section ; and Dunstan was no doubt one of his 
stations for operating in masts. 

EAKLY SETTLERS OF WESTBKOOK AND DEEK- 
ING. 

The following notices of early settlers of Westbrook 
have been compiled chiefly from memoranda furnished by 
Fabius M. Ray, Esq., who has devoted much patient labor 
to the genealogy of many of the early families of this por- 
tion of Old Falmouth. 

At Sacearappa the first settler was Joseph Conant (who 
is said to have gone up the Presumpscot River in a canoe). 
He built his house on the northerly side of the river, at 
the falls, where he probably lived for a considrrable tinje, 

* Ueuealogieal Record, v. 182. 



He deeded this house to Thomas Haskell, husbandman, of 
Falmouth, May 13, 1762. It is described in the deed as 
" my dwelling-house that stands on the northerly side of 
Presumpscot River at Sacearappa Falls." We learn from 
this deed also that Joseph Conant was a liusbandman ; 
although he owned a mill-site at Sacearappa Falls, it does 
not appear that lie ever built a mill upon it. We find that, 
on February 5, 1730, land was laid out to Joseph Conant 
on Fore River, and also at the mouth of the Presumpscot 
River, Aug. 10, 1734. 

Bartholomew Conant lived at Duck Pond, in Westbrook, 
and was probably a son of the first Joseph Conant. Bar- 
tholomew and Joseph Conant deeded to Daniel Conant, 
Oct. 17, 1792, one-half part of the mill-privilege which 
their late father, Joseph Conant, purchased of the Rev. 
Thomas Smith. 

These Conants are doubtless descendants of Roger Co- 
nant, one of the first settlers in Salem, in 1628. Samuel 
Conant was a son of Joseph, the first settler in Westbrook, 
and the descendants of Samuel are still living in the town. 
Samuel married iMary Peabody, who was born Aug. 10, 
1718. Their children were Daniel, born in 1761 ; Eliza- 
beth, married to William Babb ; William, married, Sept. 
23, 1779, to Ruth Chapman, who was his widow June 11, 
1808, at which time there were three children, — Ruth, Sam- 
uel, and Edward, who united with the widow, their mother, 
in conveying their house to William Webb. Daniel, son 
of Samuel and Mary (Peabody) Conant, and brother of 
William, married Anna, daughter of Solomon Haskell, Sr., 
of Sacearappa, Oct. 26, 1786. Among their children were 
Daniel, who died unmarried in 1874; Nathaniel, unmar- 
ried ; Solomon, who married Susan S. Libby, of Gray; 
and Betsey, who married Jeremiah Clements, and has sev- 
eral sons living in the town. The children of Solomon and 
Susan (Libby) are Mary E., married to Henry S. McLel- 
lan; Daniel and Hattie L. Solomon died in 1869, aged 
sixty-eight years. 

The Babbs were among the early settlers in Westbrook. 
They came from Scarborough and intermarried with the 
Haskells and Conants. Peter Babb married Anna Haskell, 
Jan. 24, 1760. She was probably the daughter of Thomas 
Haskell, born in 1737, which would make her twenty-three 
years old at the time of her marriage. William Babb 
married Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Peabody) 
Conant. He was a son of James Babb, who had other 
children,— Solomon, Elizabeth, Alexander, and Daniel. 

Tradition says that some of the Thompsons lived at an 
eariy time at Ammoncongan Falls. A family by this name 
were buried in the old burying-ground on the Lewis place. 

The Slaves were there when Mr. Lewis settled on the 
farm in 1774, and the occupants are said to have been 
driven from Salem by the witchcraft persecution. They 
were connected with the family of Peter G. Winslow. 
When the graves were plowed, one of them, a large man, 
was found turned over on the face. 

There wsis laid out to John Tyng 100 acres of land on 
the southerly side of Presumpscot River, beginning at 
Sacearappa Falls and running down the river one hundred 
and twenty-six and a half rods to a stake, and from the 
stake one hundred and tweuty-six aud a half rods back 



384 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



from the river, by the proprietors of Falmouth, March 31, 
1732. John Tyng was a descendant of Edward Tyng, 
who with his brother William came from England in 1630. 
William settled in Braintree, and died, leaving no male 
descendants, about 1653. Edward, who was a merchant 
and brewer in Boston, married Miss Scars, and had ten 
children, the third of whom, the oldest son, Jonathan, 
settled in Woburn, and married for his second wife Widow 
Davis, and for his third wife Judith, widow of Rev. Jabez 
Fox, and daughter of Rev. John Rayner. He died June 
19, 1724. His son William, the fifth child, born April 22, 
1679, was the father of Rev. Thomas Smith's first wife, 
Sarah, and, according to the best authority, of John Tyng, 
the grantee above mentioned. If this be true, and it prob- 
ably is, this ancient proprietor at Saccarappa was born in 
Tyngsborough, Mass., in 1705, graduated at Harvard Col- 
lege in 1725, was judge of the Common Pleas of Middlesex 
County from 1763 to 1786, married Mary, daughter of 
Benjamin Morse, and had two daughters, — Mary, who 
married John Pitts, and Elizabeth, the wife of Robert 
Brinley. 

The Willis Manuscripts, Book N, page 240, contain the 
following statement of James Means, of Stroudwater, in 
1830 : " I am seventy-seven years of age, grandson of Rob- 
ert Means. Robert came here a young man from Ireland, 
by way of Massachusetts, with John* (?) Armstrong. He 
married Armstrong's daughter. He lived five years upon 
the Neck, one or two years in a log house near Stroud- 
water meeting-house, then at the ferry on Purpooduck 
about ten years. He then moved to Saco, where he died, 
with his wife, who was aged about one hundred years, and 
my father. They came here in 1717, not direct from Ire- 
land. Robert had two sons, John and Thomas. My 
father's name was John.f Thomas lived at Freeport ; he 
was killed by the Indians,! leaving one son. Secretary 
Armstrong was descended from one of the Armstrongs that 
came here, who moved to Pennsylvania. Armstrong, of 
Boston, was from another. . . . My grandfather, Robert, 
was fifteen or sixteen years old when ho came from Ireland. 
Before he moved to Falmouth he had married Miss Arm- 
strong." John Means died at Old Orchard Beach, March 
16, 1776, leaving five sons, — John, Robert, James, Thomas, 
and George, the third of whom commanded a company 
during the four last years of the Revolution, and after- 
wards settled at Stroudwater, where he was living at the 
time he wrote the above communication, aged seventy-seven 
years. Robert, who died in Saco, as well as his son John, 
was buried at Old Orchard Beach, and their gravestones 
may still be seen, bearing their respective inscriptions, in 
the burying-ground between the station and the Sea-shore 
House. 

Among the early men of Saccarappa was Timothy Pike, 
son of Timothy Pike, of Newbury, a blacksmith, and a 
well-to-do citizen. The first Timothy Pike died in 1767, 
leaving a will by which it appears that he left two chil- 
dren, — Timothy Pike, Jr., and Mary Coflin. He left a wife 

*■ James Armstrong ; John was a, son of James, 
f .John Means, of Birltlcfoid, niarried Eleanor Johnson, Dec. 25, 
W\<.~Fixhiiouil, Rkoi-iIs, 1, 141. 
X Killed, llb^.—Foleom. 



whom he made his executrix, and to whom he bequeathed 
most of his property. He gave to his .sou Timothy his 
negro man, Harry, his blacksmith tools, various household 
goods, his gun and sword, the family clock, £50 in money, 
the whole of his land in Windham, and the third of his 
house and land in Newburyport after his wife's decease. 
Timothy Pike, Jr., married first Hannah Kingsbury, of 
Newbury, by whom he had children, — Timothy, Hope, and 
Sally. His second wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Ephraim 
Jones, whom he married in 1774. In 1775 he moved to 
Saccarappa, where he erected a saw-mill, and set up a forge. 
He was an enterprising and useful citizen. His sons were 
William, Robert, Samuel, George, and Charles, and his 
daughters, Hope and Polly. William settled in Calais, and 
was the father of James S. and Hon. Frederick A. Pike. 
Samuel was a blacksmith in Westbrook, where he died 
leaving a largo family. Robert niariied a daughter of 
William Vance, and had children, — Charles, Polly, and 
George, deceased. He died In Saccarappa. Timcjthy Pike, 
the ancestor of the family in Westbrook, died in August, 
1818. 

In 1774, Arclielaus Lewis settled at Saccarappa and 
opened a tailor-shop in the rear of where L. W. Edwards' 
store now stands. In 1776 he entered the Continental 
army, and served five years in the service. He was with 
Washington's army at Valley Forge, and held the commis- 
sion of a lieutenant. When he returned from the army he 
went to live at Stroudwater. The settlers on the Cooper 
or Munjoy claim, being disturbed in their possession by the 
Waldo heirs, Mr. Lewis was employed by the Smalls, 
Grants, Baileys, and others to buy them ofi^. The lands at 
Ammoncongan and Rocky Hill not being claimed, Mr. 
Lewis settled upon them and built the residence at Cumber- 
land Mills now occupied by John Wheeler. He was for 
many years a prominent citizen and held many public ofiices. 
He was the son of a Welsh sea-captain, and a nephew of 
Francis Lewis, one of the signers of the Declaration of In- 
dependence. He was several times married, and has a son, 
Archelaus, now living in Falmouth. Mr. Lewis was born at 
Berwick, Me., and came to Saccarappa at the age of twenty- 
one. He was familiarly known as " 'Squire Lewis." He 
died Jan. 21, 1834, aged eighty-one years. 

Thomas Haskell was an early settler of the town. He 
came from Gloucester, Mass., to Falmouth Neck in 1726, 
being then thirty-seven years old. He was born in 1689. 
He had in all ten children, .some of whom were born before 
he came here. Among his children born here were William, 
Sarah, John, and Anna. At the time of his death, Feb. 
10, 1785, in his ninety-seventh year, he had 79 grandchil- 
dren and 58 great-grandchildren. He was dismissed from 
the First Church about 1743 to help form the church at 
New Marblehead (now Windham), having removed to the 
vicinity, though he still lived within the limit* of the Fir.st 
Parish. 

The Falmouth proprietcirs laid out to him 33 acres of 
land, on the back line of Joseph Conant's 47 acres, on the 
northerly side of the Presumpscot below Cumberland Mills, 
July 12, 1738. He had a gri.st-mill at Saccarappa, on the 
northeast side of the river, one-quarter part of which he 
conveyed to Solomon Haskell, March 3, 1758. 



TOWNS OF WESTBROOK AND DEERING. 



385 



Benjaiiiin Haskell deeded to Ebeiiezer Ma^JO, April 1, 
1769, 30 acres of land laid out by Thomas Haskell, June 
12, 1738. Soloiuon and Benjamin Haskell were brothers. 
John Ha.skell was a son of Thomas. His father conveyed 
to him one-fourth of the grist-mill March 4, 1758 ; he sold 
it to Benjamin Haskell and purchased the land of the latter 
in Gorham. 

Thomas Haskell bought of Joseph Conaut his house on 
the northeast side of the river at Saccarappa Jiyie 10, 1740. 
Solomon and Benjamin Haskell purchased of Thomas and 
Hannah Flucker 100 acres at Saccarappa, on the south 
side of the river, July 14, 1768. This deed vpas to dis- 
charge a mortgage given to Samuel Waldo, assignee of 
John Tyug, to whom this tract was first laid out. 

Daniel Godfrey owned considerable land in the neigh- 
borhood of Saccarappa at an 'early time, as the proprietors' 
records show. There was laid out to him, Dec. 4, 1730, 30 
acres above Saccarappa Falls ; Sept. 26, 1732, 70 acres 
adjoining the above ; Nov. 24, 1738, 1 acre for house-lot, 
on the corner of 30 acres; Nov. 28, 1738, 3 acres on 30- 
acre lot ; Dec. 27, 1738, 4 acres below the above, and a 
grant in 1738 of 48 acres somewhere in that vicinity. The 
southerly corner of the 70 acres laid out to Godfrey in 1732, 
including 12 acres,'was sold to George Johnson, Jr., by the 
proprietors in 1775. 

In 1802, Edmund March kept a hotel at Saccarappa, and 
Elias Merrill kept a store. Mr. March was a descendant 
of Peltiah March, born in Amesbury, Mass., April 7, 1741, 
and who bought a house and lot in Portland of John Proctor, 
Dec. 1, 1772. He married for his second wife Widow Mary 
Brackett, daughter of Joseph Fabyan, of Scarborough. He 
was one of the Committee of Safety in Falmouth, and died 
in 1813. By his first wife he had eleven children, of 
whom the oldest was Edmund, who married a Woodbury. 
There was another Edmund, the son of John, and grand- 
son of Peltiah, but whether it was the first or the second 
Edmund who kept the hotel at Saccarappa we have no 
means of knowing. The descendants of this family were 
numerous, and several of them have occupied prominent 
positions. 

Samuel Peabody lived on the Almon Hanscom farm in 
Gorham, and was a brother of the wives of David Webb 
and Daniel Conant, Sr. Joseph Peabody, who was formerly 
a distinguished merchant in Salem, lived at Saccarappa (in 
what business we are not informed), but he removed from 
there in 1785. Joseph and Samuel were sons of Francis 
Peabody. 

Daniel Dole was an early settler. He married Sarah, a 
daughter of Moses Pearson. He was probably a brother 
of Deacon Richard Dole, of Windham. Daniel Dole, and 
Sarah, his wife, in a deed bearing date August 8, 1780, 
conveyed land at Saccarappa to Archelaus Lewis. It is 
described as " on the northerly side of the road that leads 
from Falmouth to Gorham, and in the northerly side line 
of one hundred acres of laud laid out to John Tyng and 
now in possession of Solomon Haskell • " • the same 
divided to me, the said Sarah , from my late father, Moses 
Pearson, Esq." Lewis deeded one-half the above to Wil- 
liam Conant, Oct. 12, 1803, the other half belonging 
already to Daniel Conant. 
49 



Among the early settlers of the town were Joseph and 
Benjamin Quinby and their families. Joseph Quinby was 
a shipwright by occupation, and came to Portland previous 
to 1740, in which year he married Mary, daughter of Capt. 
Haskell. At the time of his death he owned a house and 
lot on Middle Street, in Portland, a pew in the First Parish 
church, 25 acres adjoining the Tate place in Stroudwater, a 
quantity of land at Ammoncongan (Cumberland Millsj, and 
a privilege for a grist-mill, on the northeast side of the 
Presumpscot River, at Saccarappa, on which a mill then 
stood, " called Haskell's mill." Captain Haskell had died 
in 1776,* and probably left this mill property to his daugh- 
ter, Mrs. Quinby. On the 5th of February, 1791, all this 
property of " the late Joseph Quinby" was divided be- 
tween his widow, his son John, and three daughters, who 
were then living. Two of his sons, Thomas and Levi, were 
deceased. John was the only remaining one. His daughters 
then living were Rebecca Peirce, a widow ; Mary, the wife 
of William Slemmons; and Eunice, the wife of William 
Webb, of Portland.f 

Thomas Quinby, of Stroudwater, is a son of Moses 
Quinby, who was probably a son of John, the surviving 
son of Joseph, in 1791. If so, he is the great-grandson of 
the original proprietor in Falmouth. There are several 
families of Quinbys now living at Saccarappa, prominent 
among whom is Capt. Isaac F. Quinby. He is a descend- 
ant, probably great-grandson, of Benjamin Quinby, who 
came from Sowersworth, N. H., as early as 1779, and 
started clothing-works on the island at Saccarappa, being a 
fuller and clothier by occupation. We find this record : 
" May 6, 1779, Benjamin Quinby and Elenor Starbird were 
united in marriage by William Gorham." We find the 
death of Benjamin Quinby recorded Nov. 6, 1810, at the 
age of sixty-four. If this was the Benjamin the clotliier, 
at Saccarappa, he was born in 1746. 

HONORABLE MENTION. 

Mr. Gould, in his lecture, has mentioned the names of 
Henry B. Smith, LL.D., the eminent scholar and man of 
letters ; Paul Akers, the gifted artist ; and Anna Louisa 
Gary, the singer, as former distinguished residents of West- 
brook and Deering. He has also spoken of " Esquire 
Archelaus Lewis, deacon of the old church in Parson 
Browne's day, a leading man of the town, who has had 
scores of children named in his honor ;" and the other 
deacon, James Bailey, father of Mr. Alexander Bailey, "so 
well known as the oldest and smartest man for his age" in 
the town. He does not forget the Warrens, of Saccarappa ; 
John and Nathaniel, the enterprising manufacturers; nor 
those who preceded them as leading lumbermen, — Joshua 
Webb and Noah Nason. Benjamin Quinby, al|o of Sac- 
carappa, and William Valentine, are mentioned among the 
active citizens ; and " Bryce M. Edwards, who lived and 
died an honored and respected man. Many a young man 
in this region has found in this honest trader a true friend, 
both in his counsels and by his helping hand." 

At Stroudwater the old block-house Wiis built to protect 
the people against the Indians. This also is where " the 

* Smith's Journal. 

-f Records of Deeds, vol. 18, p. 56. 



886 



HISTORY OF CUMHKRLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



big barn was built, whose timbers were su near together that 
old Mr. Broad could not squeeze through between them. 
Here is where Admiral Tate lived. Whether he actually 
loaded a swivel to shoot a tramp, and killed his mother 
(as the legend has it), we cannot say. At any rate, we 
know that here lived the Tate family, honored by all." 
Near Stroudwater was the old Hroad place, with its big 
tree, well remembered by many as the scene of sport ; and 
just beyond, " about where the lleform School now stands, 
lived the Lobdells ; and fiirther eastward the Seals. Capt. 
Thomas Seal is remembered as commander of the largest 
ship which in those days sailed out of I'ortland, — the ship 
' Eunice.' There lived the Doles, and Capt. John and 
Moses Quinby." 

Proceeding eastward, we come to the place known as the 
Brewer House. 'Squire Pepperell Frost built his house 
here. And fiirther west we come to the residence of Capt. 
John Jones, now called the Fowler place. At the corner 
of the road is Parson Bradley's, and Jeremiah Riggs lived 
where the Chenerys now reside. Across the road lived 
Capt. Isaac Mason. 

Mr. Charles Bartlett once built large ships at the old 
wharf now rotting away at Stroudwater. Old Dr. Jacob 
Hunt once harnessed his horse here to answer calls by day 
and by night for the whole region of country around. At 
this old village there was formerly a vast amount of trade. 
Teams would come down from the country loaded with farm 
produce and cooperage to be loaded at the old wharf, and 
the teams went back loaded with West India goods and rum. 

Beyond Stroudwater lived the Johnsons, Siemens, and 
Porterfields, all famous in their day in town and parish af- 
fairs. Near the present .site of the Marine Hospital, at the 
eastern edge of Deering, there was once a block-house for 
protection against the Indians, who made much trouble by 
continual skirmishing and fighting across the Presumpscot 
River, particularly at the falls near the mouth. There was 
another block-house at Stroudwater, at the top of the hill 
on the north bank of the Capisic stream, where now stands 
a large elm beside the main road as you go to the Reform 
School. The positions of these two wooden forts were com- 
manding, and the custom was for the infirm or the women to 
keep a lookout for the Indians while the men were at work. 
The firing of a gun was the signal of dansrer. Sometimes, 
when the men were to be away for a whole day, the women 
and children and the old people would spend the day in 
these block-houses. 

The estate of Capt. James Deering, for whom the town 
of Deering was named, was once the old Brackett farm, 
where, in a hollow on the edge of the oaks, occurred the 
fight with the Indians on the 11th of August, 1676, — one 
hundred years before the Revolution. Nathaniel Mitton, a 
brother of Brackett's wife, was killed in cold blood. Brack- 
ett and his wife, and five children, and negro servant, were 
taken captive. The Indians proceeded round Back Cove to 
the Presumpscot River, where they killed Robert Corbin, 
Humphrey Durham, and Benjamin Atwell. They then 
entered the .settlement on the Neck, and shot John Munjoy 
and Isaac Wakely. Another party shot Thomas Brackett, 
a son of Anthony, and took his wife and children captive. 
There was a garrison on Munjoy Hill, to which many fled 



after the work of slaughter began, but feeling unsafe there 
they retired to Bang's Island, where they were secure from 
further attacks. Thirty-four persons were killed and taken 
captive. 

David Winslow, the Friend, who built the large house 
near Deering Bridge, was a justice and a highly-esteemed 
citizen. 

The Woodfords have left a memorial of their character and 
enterprise in the village which they founded. Ebenezer D. 
Woodford was for many years an enterprising manufacturer 
of combs and other wares. He built up the Corners which 
bears his name in its interests, and was an active and useful 
citizen, a man of zealous care for the interests of education 
and religion, and noted for his beneficence towards many 
who were dependent upon him. Samuel Jordan, Esq., was 
latterly associated with him in business relations. 

Mr. Jordan's house is on the site of Parson Browne's 
barn. Parson Browne sold a large tract of land (a hun- 
dred acres or so), extending from the Brighton woods to 
the shore, or near it, to Chandler Rackleff for $2200. 

The Stevens family were the settlers upon the plains 
which bear their name. The first was Capt. Isaac Stevens, 
who kept the early hotel ; then Zachariah B. Stevens, Esq., 
and then his son, Samuel B. Stevens. These are among 
the best of the honored names in the town. Through the 
different generations may be traced an honorable business 
record, and a high-minded and gentlemanly bearing. 

George Bishop* was an early resident at " Bishop's Cor- 
ner," where also resided the Merrills, — Levi and Rufus, — 
who contributed in no small degree to the prosperity and 
honor of the town, and for whom the " Corner" is named. 

Beyond Morrill's Corner lived Silas Ester, a very sub- 
stantial and worthy member of. the Society of Friends. 
Dr. Solomon Allen lived at the corner which bears his 
name, and for many years performed a faithful professional 
service. In the upper edge of the town, near Duck Pond, 
lived Mr. James Gowin, who was a gentleman of character 
and influence in his day. 

Mention may be made here of John B. Russwurm, the 
son of a gentleman who owned a large tract of land in 
Deering, running from Ocean Street to Morrill's Corner. 
This man was a negro, who graduated with honor at Bow- 
doin College. At one time he was editor of a paper in 
New York. In 1829 he went to Liberia as a merchant ; 
he there established a paper, and for sixteen years was the 
honored Governor of a colony at Cape Palmas, under aj)- 
pointmentof the Maryland State Colonization Society. He 
died June 17, 1851. 



*' This George Bishop was the mail who had cliarge of the small 
box in the east porch of the old Bradlej church — the box with a gliis.s 
front — that so many anxious young men and maidens looked into uu 
a Sabbath morning or between meetings, and wondered when Mr. 
Bishop would publish Mc/r intention of max-riage. For be it known that 
getting married in those days was much more of a solemn thing than 
to stop round to the parson's and in five minutes' time have that yoke 
and cord put on that love ought to make light and easy to be worn. 
Thfu the people had to know all about it, and although it might he no- 
body's business, yet everybody was at liberty to discuss the matter for 
two full weeks in advance. We can well understand how the subject 
was discussed. The girls felt certain that the bride was not to make 
much of a wife, and as for the man — why, of course, every girl had 
ruftisfd liiin a dozen times. Good enoui'h for him. 



/ 



f 



TOWNS OF WBSTBKOOK AND DEERING. 



387 



CIVIL LIST. 
SELECTMEN. 
1815.— Randall .lohnson, Joseph Valentino, Peter Luiit. 

1316. Joseph Valentine, Randall Johnson, Peter Liint. 

1817.— Silas Ester, Luther Fitch, Randall Johnson. 
1S18.— Luther Fitch, Silas Ester, Randall Johnson. 
!S19. — Silas Ester, Randall Johnson, Benjamin Qiiinby. 

1S20. George Frost, Randall Johnson, Xath. Warren. 

1S21. — George Frost, Nafh. Warren, William Slemons. 

1822. — George Frost, William Siemens, Benjamin Quinby. 

1823. — William Siemens, Benjamin Quinby, Z. B. Stevens. 

1824. — William Siemens, Zach. B. Stevens, Benjamin Quinby. 

1325, — Benjamin Quinby, William Siemens, Zach. B. Stevens. 

1S2C. — William Siemens, Zach. B. Stevens, Benjamin Quinby. 

1827. — Zach. B. Stevens, William Siemens, William Valentine. 

1828. — George Frost, William Siemens, William Valentine. 

1829. — Oliver Buckley, Charles Bartlett, Benjamin Quinby. 

1830. — Benjamin Quinby, Oliver Buckley, Charles Bartlett. 

1S31. — Charles Bartlett, Benjamin Quinby, Oliver Buckley. 

1832. — George Bishop, Isaac Mason, Benjamin Quinby. 

1833. — George Bishop, Isaac Mason, Charles Pratt. 

1834, — George Bishop, Benjamin Quinby, Isaac Mason. 

1835.— Henry C. Babb, Cyrus Cumming.s, Isaac Mason. 

1836. — Benjamin Quinby, Samuel Blake, Isaac Mason. 

1837. — Isaac Walker, Samuel Blake, Isaac Mason. 

1838. — Isaac Walker, George Bishop, Isaac Mason. 

1839.— William Roberts, Rufus Morrill, Isaac Mason. 

1840.— William Roberts, Rufus Morrill, Isaac Johnson. 

18-11. — William Roberts, Joseph Cox, Isaac Johnson. 

1842.— H. S. Babb, Rufus Moi-rill, Isaac Mason. 

1843.— II. S. Babb, Rufus Morrill, Isaac Morrill. 

1844. — Moses Hall, James Johnson, Isaa-c G. Walker. 

1845.— Moses Hall, George Libby, Isaac G. Walker. 

1846. — Benjamin Gordan, George Libby, Isaac G. Walker. 

1847. — Aaron Quinby, George Libby, Cyrus Cummings. 

1848-49.— Aaron Quimby, George Libby, Walter Goodrich. 

1850. — Gerry Cook, George Libby, Leander Valentine. 

1851. — James Johnson, Lewis Hardy, Leander Valentine. 

1852. — ,Iehn Read, Solomon Conant, George Libby. 

1853-54.— John Read, Solomon Conant, Daniel Fowler. 

1855.— Samuel North, AVilliara Kimball, John Haskell. 

1856.— William Co.\, Joseph Moulten, .lohn Haskell. 

1857. — William Cox, Joseph Moulton, George Siemens. 

1S58-59.— Rufus King, Charles Cobb, James Babb. 

1860.- n. B. Walker, Jonas Raymond, Edwin Payson. 

1861-02. — George Johnson, Joseph Haws, Solomon L. Libby. 

1863-66. — Jonas Raymond, Henry B. Boedy, Charles Stevens. 

1867-68.— George C. Codman, Daniel Dole, William Pennell. 

1809.— H. B. Walker, Jonas Raymond, Freeman Porter. 

1870.- H. B. Walker, Jonas Raymond, John R. Sawyer. 

1871.— U. B. Walker, J. Cloudman. James Babb. 

1872. — 11. B. AValker,» James Pennell, George W. Harmond. 

1873.— II. B. AValker, J. Pennell, G. W. Harmon, J. L. Best, J. F. Bean. 

1874. — Alonzo Libby, W. W. Lamb, Jason Leighton. 

1875.— Clement P. Maxwell, Henry Walker, John F. Bean. 

1876.— W. M. Neal, Clement Maxwell, Charles E. Boedy. 

1877.— Alonzo Libby, Stephen Caldwell, C. E. Beody. 

1878.- H. B. Walker, Dwinal Pride, AVilliam Gilmore. 

1879. — Henry B. Walker, Daniel Pride, William Gilmore. 

TOWN CLERKS. 
Alpheus Shaw, 1815: George Bishop, 1816-38; .John C. Blake, 1838; 
George Bishop, 1839-42 ; Aaron Quinby, 1842-44 ; George Blake, 
1844-46; Aaron Quinby, 1846-48; W. S. Chadbourne, 1848-51 ; 
George Bishop, 1851-55; Benjamin Freeman, 1855-58; H. J. 
Bradbury, 1858-61; William L. Pennell, 1861-63; Fabius M. 
Ray, 1863-67; George C. Codman, 1868; Elbridge Huston, 1869; 
Rufus M. Pinkham, 1870; James M. Webb, 1871-79. . 

WATER-POWER AND MANUFACTURES. 
The water-power of Westbrook affords greater manufac- 
turing facilities than are to be found in any other portion 



' In connection with others. George AVarron, Samuel Raymond. 



of Cumberland County. The Prcsumpscot River, fed by 
its 45 lakes and ponds, whose aggregate surface is about 
100 square miles, is twenty-two miles in length from Sebago 
Lake to tide-water. The estimated volume of water dis- 
charged by this river is 20,400,000,000 cubic feet per 
year. The volume employed at Cumberland Mills, esti- 
mated from the statement of the superintendent, George 
W. Hammond, Esq., is about 50,000 cubic feet per minute. 
This run, continued throughout the working-days of the 
year, for ten liours a day, would carry off about 9.5 billion 
cubic feet. The water of this river, naturally remarkably 
uniform in its flow, is controlled by artificial means, so that 
for the practical purposes of extensive manufacturing it is 
constant throughout the year. There is a dam eight feet 
high at the outlet of Sebago Lake, by which a head of four 
feet is now commanded over the whole surface. It is capable 
of being raised four feet more without incurring more than 
trifling damage for flowage. The capacity of this immense 
and constant flow of water for hydraulic purposes is thus 
estimated : 

" A head of six feet, giving a volume of 8,363,520,000 
cubic feet, would supply 44,600 cubic feet per minute for 
the ordinary working hours of the year. This, which in- 
cludes the storage alone, would yield, on a fall of twenty feet, 
as at Cumberland Mills, a gross power of 1G88 horse for 
the time specified. It would yield, in its fall of 247 feet 
to the tide, a gross power of 20,846 horse, 833,840 spin- 
dles throughout the year. To this requires to be added 
the power due to the natural low-run volume of the river, 
to arrive at the constant aggregate of its manufacturing 
power from Sebago Lake to the sea. ... Of the 20,000 
to 30,000 horse-power available upon this river, and unsur- 
passed in all respects, but a small portion is yet in use. 
The absolute immunity of the power from dearth or freshet, 
the superiority of the natural sites for improvement, the 
proximity to market, con.spire to give this river unusual 
attractions to the manufacturer.''^ 

There are three important water-powers in use on the 
Presumpscot River, which have built up around them two 
thriving villages : one at Cumberland Mills village, five 
miles from Portland, on the Portland and Rochester Rail- 
road, and two in the village of Saccarappa, six miles from 
Portland, on the same railroad. 

CUMBERLAND MILLS. 

The Cumberland Mills power has a ftiU of 20 feet, con- 
taining 14 mill-powere, or 2013 horse-powers, of which 
about one-half is now in use in the manufacture of paper. 
The mean velocity of the stream is 1.52 feet per second, 
or 181 inches, taken from five observations; the mean depth 
of the stream, taken five hundred feet above the fiills, is 3.31 
feet, the width of the stream being one hundred and seventy- 
six feet. 

"The mills are owned by S. D. Warren, E.sq., and are 
worked the whole year. They give employment to 125 
men and 100 women, and produce an annu;il manufiicture 
of over $1,000,000. The improvement of the power has 
increased the population and wealth of the village to a 
very large extent, there being from 1854 to 1867 an in- 

f Water-power of Maine. 



388 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



crease of resident families from 16 to 66, and of dwelling- 
houses for the same period from 16 to 48. Besides the 
extensive paper-mill of S. D. Warren & Co., there are the 
following manufacturers and tradesmen : J. 0. Harmon, 
boots and shoes; George W. Brown, razor-.strops ; W. H. 
P. Files, painter ; E. R. Howard, carpenter ; physician, Dr. 
J. L. Horr. 

SACCARAPPA. 

The upper power at the village of Sacearappa has a fall 
of 12 feet, and the lower power of 19 feet. These powers 
contain, respectively, 13 and 8 mill-powers, making a total 
of 21 mill-powers, of which number 13 are now in use. 
The cross-section of the upper fall is about 10 feet, and 
that of the lower 8 feet, taken 1 5 feet above the falls. 

The mills at these falls are those of the Westbrook 
Manufacturing Company, Frank Haskell, agent, engaged 
in the production of cottons and duck, employing 75 men, 
175 women, and producing $300,500 worth of goods 
annually ; W. K. Dana, manufacturer of cotton yarn, em- 
ploying 20 men and 40 women, and producing $100,000 
worth annually; Westbrook Foundry Company, employ- 
ing 10 men, and producing annually $20,000 worth of 
work ; Knowlton Brothers, niachine-.shop, annual product 
$4000; J. W. Warren, cotton-warps, $50,000; Harkell 
Silk Company, machine-twist and sewing-silk, $75,000 ; 
George E. Davis, leather-board ; S. H. List, N. Weston & 
Co., flour- and grist-mills. In addition to these the follow- 
ing are manufacturers and tradesmen ; Foster & Brown, 
machinery ; John Adams, carriages ; J. W. Libby, C. S. 
Ritchie, harness ; F. B. Wiley, B. D. Hanson, C. E. Lewis, 
boots and shoes ; Lord, Haskell, Neal & Co., moccasins ; 
Dana A. Brackett, tailor ; James Pennell, Temple H. 
Snow, tinware; Loudon, Hanson & Co., S. E. McLellan 
& Co., smiths ; J. F. Ayer, brickmaker ; Presumpscot 
Mills Dye-House, dyers ; Warren & Towle, wooden boxes. 

Sacearappa has a brass band and an excellent circulating 
library ; C. E. Paine, librarian. 

Physicians. — S. E. Root, A. H. Burroughs, C. W. Bailey, 
and N. R. Martin. 

Lawyer. — Fabius M. Ray, Esq. 

Hotel. — Presumpscot House, Mrs. B. M. Pratt. 

Postmasters. — J. M. Webb, Sacearappa; D. P. Horr, 
Cumberland Mills ; Albert Dingley, Duck Pond. 

ASSOCIATIONS. 

Masons. — Sacearappa Temple, Wednesday of week of 
full moon ; Eagle lioyal Arch Chapter, Monday of week 
of full moon. 

Independent Order op Odd-Fellows, Fridays; 
Ciimmings Encampment, second and fourth Tuesdays. 

Reform Club, S. H. Mayberry, President, meets Fri- 
days, Cumberland Mills. 

Knights of PrrHiAS. — Presumpscot Valley, No. 4, 
meets Thursdays, Pride's Corner. 

Patrons of Husbandry. — Westbrook, No. 87, D. H. 
Gowen, Master. 

Independent Order of Good Te.mplars, — Pre- 
sumpscot River, meets Tuesdays, Duck Pond. Union, 
meets Fridays. 

Patrons of Husbandry, H. H. H. Hawcs, Master. 



DUCK POND. 

This pond is over 3 square miles in extent, and about 
20 in average depth. It is 171 feet above tide, and is sup- 
plied chiefly from small ponds and springs. The stream 
which forms its outlet is 10 miles in length from the pond 
to Pride's Bridge, where it joins the Presumpscot, and has 
a fall in this distance of 161 feet. The average width of 
the stream is about 40 feet. 

At the outlet of the pond there is an improved water- 
power of 50 horse upon a fiill of 17 feet, which is owned 
by the Cumberland Bone Manufacturing Company, and 
employed in the manufacture of bone manure and of pails 
and tubs. This establishment gives employment to 25 
men, and produces in the manufacture of bone manure 
about $25,000 annually, and in that of pails and tubs 
about $20,000. The latter is known as the Portland 
Woodenware Company, C. P. Maxwell, Superintendent. 
They also deal in lumber of all kinds, of which Kendall 
& Whitney, of Portland, are agents. Thayer & Elder 
have a steam-mill ; Edward F. Thayer, Joseph Elder, and 
William Elder, dealers in shook and long and short lumber. 
W. H. Jordan and Albert Dingley & Co. have stores of 
general merchandise at this place. There are a post-office, 
a Good Templars' lodge, and a lodge of Patrons of Hus- 
bandry. 

SCHOOLS. 

westbrook seminary. 

" The Westbrook Seminary had its birth in a resolution 
passed by the Kennebec Association of Universalists, in its 
annual session at Greene, Sept. 29, 1830." — Rev. Wm. A. 
Drexo, in Gospel Banner of April, 1870. 

" This convention provided for a meeting at Westbrook, 
to take into consideration the matter of a classical school or 
seminary, ' digest a plan for the same,' and taking measures 
for accomplishing the object. Revs. W. A. Drew, of Au- 
gusta ; S. Brimblecom, of Norridgewock ; W. I. Reese, of 
Portland ; Hons. C. Holland, of Canton ; J. Dunn, Jr., of 
Poland ; S. Gardiner, of Bowdoinham ; Elisha Harding, of 
Union ; Maj. J. Russ, of Farmington ; Dr. A. Pierce, 
of Greene ; Gens. Thomas Todd, of Portland, and J. Her- 
rick, of Hampden, were appointed to address the public upon 
the .subject. There was considerable discussion in this con- 
vention as to location. Waterville, Winthrop, and West- 
brook were named ; but finally, as there was no similar in- 
stitution in New England (or indeed, as far as known, in 
the world), it was thought to make the school as accessible 
as might be to Massachusetts and New Hampshire, and it 
was established at Westbrook. According to appointment, 
a meeting was holden at Stevens' Plains, Oct. 27, 1830. 
Daniel Reed, of Lewistown, was chosen president, and 
Daniel Winslow, of Portland, secretary. It was voted to 
adopt a con.stitution, and petition the next Legislature for 
an act of incorporation. This was obtained, and the West- 
brook Seminary incorporated, and the following trustees 
appointed : J. C. Churchill, F. 0. J. Smith, Daniel Wins- 
low, Nathan Nutter, William Slemmons, Mo.ses Quinby, 
Josiah Dunn, W. A. Drew, D. McCobb, G. W. Tinker, 
Alfred Pierce. These, with others allowed by the charter, 
met the following May, and organized as follows : Hon. J. 




Photo, by LamsoD, Portland. 



HON. SAMUEL JORDAN. 



Hon. Samuel Jordan was liorn in the town of Raymond 
(now Casco), Cumberland Co., Me., June 5, 1806. Hedescends, 
the sixth generation, from the Rev. Robert Jordan, of the Eng- 
lish Episcopal Church, who emigrated from England about the 
year 1640, and settled at Richmond's Island, Cape Elizabeth, 
and married Sarah, the only daughter of Capt. John Winter, 
wlio had occupied the island for fur-trading with the Indians. 
Of this union there were six sons, from whom the Jordans 
in this country have chiefly descended. 

The Rev. Robert Jordan was persecuted by the Puritans of 
Massachusetts, driven away by the Indians, and died in Ports- 
mouth, N. n., in 1679. His third son, Dominicus, married 
Hannah Tristram, of Saco, by whom he had three sons and 
three daughters. He settled and lived in Sjiurwink. 

Dominicus, his eldest son, married Catharine Maxwell; 
lived for a time at Cape Elizabeth ; then, about 1774, moved 
to Raymond. Their children were William, Ezekiel, Na- 
thaniel, Hannah, Mary, Elizabeth, and Martha. He died 
at Raymond, March 13, 1823; his wife, at the same jilacc, 
Sept. 26, 1826. 

His eldest son, William Jordan, married Anna Leach, and 
settled, lived, and died in the northern part of Raymond. 
Their children were Mark, Catharine, Peggy, Doniinicus, 
William, Peter, Martha, Asa, Samuel, Elizabeth, and Asa 
(2d), all deceased except Samuel Jordan, the subject of this 
sketch. 

Upon the death of his father, at the age of fifteen, he came 
to the town of Westbrook (now Deering), where for two years 
he was in the em))loy of Elisha North. The next two j-cars 
were spent at Hebron Academy, where he pursued a course of 
study with a view of entering West Point. His design in 
this respect was given up in deference to the wishes of his 
mother. Ho then came to Woodford's Corners, and became 
agent for the sale of combs manufactured by E. 1). Wood- 
ford. The agency extended through the New England States 
and the Provinces, and as far south as Baltimore, Md. In 
1832 entered into partnership with his employer, under the 
firm-name of Woodford & Jordan. This partnership continued 
about six years, having in the mean time added to their busi- 
ness the manufacture of tinware. Upon the dissolution of this 



partnership Mr. Jordan continued in the manufacture of tin- 
ware with Gerry Cook, firm-name Cook & Jordan. These 
partnerships were both successful. The latter continued three 
years. Mr. Jordan then purchased the farm formerly owned 
by Capt. Thomas Seal, his father-in-law, situated in Deering, 
and has since devoted his attention principally to its manage- 
ment. He was president of the Westbrook Bank for six years. 

Mr. Jordan has been one of the leaders in his locality of 
the Democratic party. He has filled the following ofiices : 
selectman, one year; representative in the Legislature in 
1848-49 ; trustee of the Westbrook Seminary a number of 
years; director in the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railroad 
(now Grand Trunk) ; and postmaster of Portland from 1857 
to 1861. 

Mr. Jordan was married, Nov. 7, 1832, to Eunice Quinby 
Seal, daughter of Capt. Thomas and Ann (Frost) Seal. Mrs. 
Jordan was born in Westbrook, Feb. 4, 1808. Their children 
are as follows : Dominicus, born Aug. 17, 1833, died an infant; 
Emily F., born July 17, 1836, living at home; Horace M., 
born Dec. 10, 1837, journalist, connected with the Boston 
Traveler; Jane Elizabeth, born Jan. 17, 1840, wife of J. W. 
Thompson, of Decring; Arthur W., born Jan. 25, 1842, mar- 
ried Helen A. Warren, of Dcering ; Henry I., born Jan. 31, 
1844, physician and surgeon, died Oct. 16, 1870, in Stillwater, 
Minn. ; Edward C, born March 17, 1846, civil engineer, mar- 
ried Kliza P. Thomas, daughter of Hon. W. W. Thomas, of 
Portland (his wife died March 4, 1876) ; Isabella F., born 
Aug. 4, 184'J, wife of F. W. Sewall, cashier of First National 
Bank, Wiscasset, Me. Mrs. Jordan died May 23, 1863. 

It is not too much to say of Mr. Jordan that few men still 
living have been more closely identified with all interests of 
his adopted town. He took an active part and was largely 
instrumental in securing the division of the town. He has 
contributed liberally of his means towards the building and 
support of its churches and other public institutions. A kind 
husband, a devoted father, an obliging neighbor, and a stead- 
fast friend, Mr. Jordan's declining years are deservedly 
brightened by the loving attention and devoted aftection of 
his children, and the good-will and respect of the entire com- 
munity in which he has passed a busy life. 




Pliotci. liy Lamson, I'i>rtl<iiiil. 



JAMES M. BUZZKLL, M.D. 



James M. Buzzell, M.D., was the seventh son of the Rev. 
John Biizzell, of Parsonfield, Me., and was born in that town 
Nov. 4, 1812 ; and, as his father was a firm friend and sup- 
porter of President Madison's administration, his birth occur- 
ring about the time of his re-election, he was honored by being 
named after this great patriot and statesman. Receiving an 
academical education as preparatory to the study of the medical 
profession, this being the profession ofhis choice, he was fixvored 
with the opportunity of commencing his studies under the pre- 
ceptorship of the family physician, who was one of the most 
scientific, skillful, and deservedly popular surgeons in New 
England, the Hon. Moses Sweat, M.D., and who afforded him 
every facility and aid to qualify him for the practice of the 
profession. His first course of medical lectures was at the 
Bowdoin Medical College, Brunswick, Me., in 1834. 

Prof. R. D. Mussey, M.D., who lectured at the Bowdoin 
College at this time, gave Dr. Buzzell a kind invitation to 
spend the summer of 1835 at Hanover, N. H., and attend his 
private lectures upon surgery, which invitation was gladly 
accepted, as Dr. Buzzell desired to avail himself of every op- 
portunity and means to qualify himself for the practice of 
surgery. While under Prof Mussey's instruction, Dr. Buz- 
zell carved a model of the sphenoid bone five times the natu- 
ral size, and which Prof. Mussey pronounced to be, before 
the class, a perfect model. 

Dr. Buzzell's second course of lectures was at Hanover, in 
the fall of 1835, where he was dissector and assistant in all 
the operations before the class. He attended his third course 
of medical lectures at Hanover, and graduated in the fall of 
183C. 

His practice has been confined, with the exception of four 
years at Springfield, Mass. , where he had the charge of a private 
surgical hospital, and six years spent in Philadelphia, in con- 
nection with two colleges as professor of surgery, to the 
counties of Cumberland and York, in Limerick and Gorham, 
etc. He represented the classed towns of Limerick, Cornish, 
and Newfleld in the Maine Legislature in 1851-.52, — the session 
when the original Maine Liquor Law was enacted ; was on 
the special committee to whom it was referred, and did 
what ho could in favor of its passage and to sustain it against 



all opposition. He also represented the town of Gorham in 
1869. 

Dr. Buzzell edited the Maine Free- Will Baptist Repository 
eight years, and the Watch Tower two years, which were in 
the interest of what are now called General Baptists in this 
State. 

That he had his full share of surgical practice will ap]iear 
from the fact that he has amputated the leg seventeen times, 
— twelve times above the knee, — the arm and forearm three 
times, the arm at the shoulder-joint twice, amputated the 
female breast thirty-seven times, removed the parotid gland, 
operated for stone in the bladder, removed an ovarian tumor 
weighing fifty-six pounds, made a resection of the thigh-bone 
for non-union of fracture, the first time it was performed in 
New England, etc. 

Entertaining always a kind and liberal spirit towards all 
medical pathies, and ready to meet them cordially as fellow- 
servants of the people in the treatment of disease, and be- 
lieving that the several systems of medical treatment have 
added essentially to the fund of medical knowledge, and man- 
ifestly modified what is usually called the regular system of 
treatment, he regarded as the right and province of the honest 
seeker after medical truth to " prove all things and hold fast 
to that which is good," and to practice medicine according to 
the true principles of physiology and good common sense. En- 
tertaining these liberal views, when the Eclectic Medical Col- 
Ice of Massachusetts was chartered Dr. Buzzell accepted the 
chair of anatomy and surgery in that institution. He also 
received an appointment to the chair of surgery in the Eclectic 
Medical College of Pennsylvania, and while he resided in 
Philadelphia he filled the chair of surgery in the Pennsyl- 
vania Medical University, the institution that first opened its 
doors for the education of female students. 

Dr. Buzzell is now located at Morrill's Corners, Deering, 
where he expects to spend the remainder of his days, and in 
the practice of his profession as far as he is able. And al- 
though he is now in his sixty-seventh year, ho is still healthy 
and vigorous, having a firm nerve and steady hand, and ready 
to perform any surgical operation that may be required in 
his practice. 



TOWNS OF WESTBROOK AND DEERING. 



389 



C. Churchill, President ; Daniel Winslow, Vice-President 
and Secretary ; Hon. F. 0. J. Smith, Treasurer. The 
Universalist convention, which met in June, at Farmington 
Falls, indorsed the plan and purpose, and appointed Rev. 
Messrs. Drew and Brimblecom to address ' our religious 
public' on the subject. Mr. Brimblecom was at that time 
in charge of the parish at Stevens' Plains, and was one of the 
nicst earnest workers in collecting funds and pushing the 
matters of the seminary towards completion. He was at that 
time associate editor of the Christian Pilot, and mentions, 
in the issue of May 23, 1833, ' that the building is now in 
progress.' In the spring of 1834, ' a brick building, 37 by 
70, two stories high, with a cupola,' was erected on land 
generously given by Z. B. Stevens and 0. Buckley, Esq. ; 
cost of building, about $7000. 

" The first term commenced June 9, 1834, with Rev. 
Samuel Brimblecom, Principal ; Rev. Alvin Dinsmore, As- 
sistant. Board was secured in private ftimilies in the 
neighborhood, at $1.25 to $1.75 per week. Mr. Brimble- 
com resigned in the fall of 1836. Between this time and 
1839, Mr. Furbush had charge of the school a portion of 
the time. In 1839, Jolin K. True was chosen principal, 
and remained until December, 1842 ; to him the following 
principals succeeded : 1843, Moses B. Walker and George 
W. True ; 1844, E. P. Hines ; 1846, G. W. Bradford ; 
1849, Rev. L. L. Record; 1851, Mr. Nathaniel Hatch. 
Rev. J. P. Weston came to the charge in March, 1853. 
The school had been closed for several terms, and was in a 
very low state. Mr. Weston gave it new life, and it began 
to show permanent strength. 

" Chiefly through Mr. Weston's untiring efforts, money 
was raised for building and furnishing Goddard Hall. He 
resigned in the fall of 1859. From that time the school 
was under the charge successively of Messrs. C. S. Fobes, 
S. B. Rawson, and G. B. Ames, until Rev. S. H. McCollLs- 
ter took charge in the spring of 1861. Under his care the 
institution continued to prosper. 

" Rev. J. C. Snow was called in 1SG9, and under his 
wise and energetic administration the school was established 
upon its present basis. Hersey Hall and the now dining- 
hall were built, new steam apparatus put in, and other im- 
provements made, to the total amount of $40,000. Mr. 
William A. Post came in 1872, and administered afi"airs 
ably until his resignation, in the fall of 1873. 

" G. M. Bodge, A.M., was called to take charge in the 
spring of 1874, and the school greatly prospered under his 
care." He continued to occupy the position four years. 

In August, 1878, Rev. J. P. Weston, D.D., was called 
to take charge of the school the second time. He is a 
man eminently fitted to give dignity, character, and success 
to such an institution. 

Dr. Weston was born in Bristol, Maine, July 14, 1815, 
and graduated at Bowdoin College, in the class of 1840. 
He entered the ministry at Gardiner, Me., in 1843. For 
thirteen years — from 1859 to 1872 — he was president of 
Lombard Univei-sity, at Galesburg, 111., which position he 
resigned in 1872, and was called to take charge of Dean 
Academy, at Franklin, Mass., where he remained till 1877, 
and after a year's rest, at the urgent solicitation of the 
trustees and his former students and patrons, he took charge 



of Westbrook Seminary. The school already exhibits the 
good efi'ects of his superior management and ripe experience 
as an educator. 

" The institution provides two courses in the collegiate 
department, and confers the degree of Laureate of Arts 
upon all young ladies who successfully pa-ss examination in 
a classical course, and Laureate of Science in the scientific 
course. In the academic department diplomas are granted 
in two courses, English and college preparatory. 

The following table gives the names of the schools in 
Westbrook, the teachers, and the salaries paid per month for 
the year ending March 1, 1879 : 

Suro Sireel. — Annie Sawyer, $.'i2. 

Mnin Street.— Annie Sawyer, $.32. High school : I,. B. Shrhan, $125 ; 
Miss Young, assistant, $125. Tntermediate : George F. Johnson, 
$40. Primary: Emma C. I'ittee, $32; E. H. Hosmer, $32; El- 
len Winslow, assistant, $24. 

Sj,nwe Sli-ecl.— Jennie I'ennell, $24. 

Cumherhiml Milh.— Jennie Pcnnell,$24. (irammar: 11. 11. B. Hawes, 
$40. Primary : Ida E. Griggs, $32. 

Rocky i/i'H.— Clara F. Woodman, $32. 

North Street.— VAniiy F. Maxficld, .$40. 

Duck Pojirf.— Hattie F. Waterman, $32. 

Priilet Corner.— A. D. Holmes, $40. High school : J. F. Kceiic. if-U). 
Primary : Mrs. S. L. Chubbuck, $40; Nellie S. Pcnncll, .*24. 

ItKVKNITK. 

Raised for common schools $2500.00 

" " high school 500.00 

From State mill tax 1060.18 

'' " school fund 663.47 

" " for high .schools 500.00 

" town of Falmouth, order 20.25 

" " " Deering 52.53 

$5296.43 

KXrFNOITrHES. 

Summer term for teaching $1309.10 

Fall '• ■■ " 1345.77 

Winter •' " " 1334.53 

Fuel and incidentals.. 277.24 

Repairs, ten per cent, of school money 429.64 

Amount overdrawn March 1, 1878 349.00 

Balance in favor of schools, March 1. 1879 201.13 

$5296.43 

Whole number of scholars in town lO.iS 

Increase over last year 18 

Whole number attending school in summer 543 

" " '■ fall 550 

" " ■• " winter 557 

Average " " " summer 456 

" " •• " fall 464 

" '*' ■' '' winter 445 

The superintending committee report that the schools of 
the town during the past year have shown decisive im- 
provement. 

" Teachers have labored faithfully, and excited an interest 
in pupils to progress which deserves our warmest praise. 
The attendance compares favorably with previous years. 
The average attendance for the three terms has been 455, 
showing an increase over last year of 22. 

" Believing that the scholars would be greatly benefited 
by a change of reading-books, those in use having been in 
our schools for more than fifteen years, after a careful ex- 
amination we decided to adopt ' Monroe's Readers,' and 
introduced them into all the lower schools at a trifling ex- 
pense by exchanging the new books for the old ones. As 
the ' Sixth Reader' of this series was used in our high 
schools, we now have a uniformity of reading-books. 

" Mr. Robins having resigned his position as teacher of 



390 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



the high school, we engaged Mr. L. B. Shehaii. He was 
assisted by Miss Young, both coming highly recommended, 
have done good service and proved themselves competent 
and efficient teachers. 

" The high school at Pride's Corner has been in session 
ten weeks this winter, under the tuition of Mr. J. F. Keene. 
The .school, although small, has been exceedingly interest- 
ing and the work accomplished satisfactory and pleasing. 

"The school at the Duck Pond has been for several years 
under the instruction of a female teacher. In the school 
are several large scholars not sufficiently advanced to enter 
the liigh school. We believed that the interest of the 
school would be better promoted by employing a male 
teacher. AVe placed Mr. A. D. Holmes, of Brunswick, in 
charge. The wisdom of our decision is apparent in the 
wholesome discipline and progress of the school. 

" We are happy to report that the citizens and parents 
are becoming more deeply interested in tlie progress of our 
schools, as manifested in all parts of the town." . . . 

During the year " the outlay for repairs has been un- 
usually large, — ten per cent, of the school money having 
been devoted to that purpose. The school-rooms on Main 
Street, Saccarappa, have been altered and improved, being 
changed into one room, furnished with modern furniture 
of the latest and most approved style, making it one of the 
mast pleasant and commodious .school-rooms in town, with 
accommodations for 112 scholars. The change made it 
necessary to remove the intermediate school to Saco Street. 
There is much need of more room in the village, as there 
are not accommodations for more than two-thirds of the 
scholars in this locality." 

DEEKING. 

The town of Deering was set off from Westbrook, and 
incorporated by act of the Legislature, approved Feb. IG, 
1871, to take effect March 21st following. The boun- 
daries were defined by the act, as follows : 

" Commencing at the Presumpscdt River, at the line of 
the town of Falmouth ; thence up said river to the wes- 
terly corner of the Hunt farm ; thence along the westerly 
line of said farm to the Portland and Rochester Railroad ; 
thence along the southeasterly line of the Larrabee farm to 
the Congin road ; thence, along the dividing line between 
the said Larrabee farm and the widow Lamb's farm, to the 
land of the heirs of Moses Quinby ; thence, along the east- 
erly and southerly lino of the land of the heirs of Moses 
Quinby, to the Stroudwater Road at the Canal bridge ; 
thence by the Cumberland and Oxford Canal, westerly, 
about ten rods to the line between the farm of the heirs of 
the late Zebulon Trickey, and the lands of George Johnson 
and Isaac Johnson ; thence by said last-described line 
southwesterly to the easterly line of the Slemons farm, 
being the dividing line between .said Siemens farm and the 
land of George Johnson, southeasterly about twenty rods 
to the lands of W. D. Boothby ; thence southwesterly, by 
the dividing line between said Boothby's land and the 
Slemons farm, to the Cape P^lizabeth town line." 

These boundaries included a portion of the former town 
of Westbrook considered equal to about two-thirds of its 
value; hence the law reijuircd the tnv/u of Dccrini; to pay 



two-thirds of all the debts and liabilities of the town of 
Westbrook existing at the time of separation, or that 
might occur from any pending lawsuits. A board of com- 
missioners was provided for by the act, wliose duty it w.xs 
to settle all questions arising out of the division, and in case 
of any matter which they could not adjust, to bring it 
before the commissioners of the county. They were .suc- 
cessful in settling all matters between the two towns in a 
satisfactory manner, except some expenditures for roads 
and bridges, which were settled by the county commis- 
sioners. The town-house and ground, the poor-house and 
farm, belonging to the town of Westbrook, and situated in 
Deering, were purchased by the latter town. 

TOWN OFFICERS. 

The following have been town clerks of Deering : 
Thomas J. Riggs, 1872; D. F. Small, 1873; Thomas J. 
Riggs, 1874-79. 

The treasurers have been J. S. Ricker, 1872 ; D. F. 
Small, 1873 ; D. D. Chenery, 1874-78 ; George B. Leavitt, 
1879. 

SEI.F.fTMEN. 

1872. — Andrew Ilawcs, David Torrcy, Cyrus Thurlow. 
1S73.— Smith Barber, E. C. W. Wiuslow, G. D. York. 
IST-I. — David Torrey, Francis Purinton, Solomon Stuart. 
1875-76. — David Torrey, Solomon Stuart, Jonathan Fogg. 
1S77. — John C. Phenix, Oilman G. Lane, George AV. Johnson. 
1878. — George H. Crocker, John C. Phenix, Solomon Stuart. 
1879.— Solomon Stuart, Isaiah Elder, Charles Cobb. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

HENRY B. WALKER 

was born in Charlestown, Mass., Jan. 15, 1819. His father, 
Edward S. Walker, was born in Fryeburg, Me., in 177(5. 
Some time prior to 1800 he removed to Charlestown, Mass., 
where he married Persis Phipps, and by whom he had nine 
children, all born in Charlestown. Henry B. was their eighth 
child. His father was a brickmaker by trade. Both the 
father and mother died in Charlestown, and are buried 
there. 

Henry B. received his education in the common school, 
and at Dodge's Academy, at Charlestown. When eighteen 
years of age he entered the navy as carpenter's yeoman. 
After one year's service in that capacity, he became assist- 
ant paymaster. His first service was on the ship-of-the-line 
" Ohio," Commodore Isaac Hull, on the Mediterranean Sta- 
tion. The nest on the frigate " Congress," Commodore 
Joseph Smith, on the Mediterranean and Brazil Stations. 
In 1840, in company with Purser Edward Bissell, he sailed 
from New York, as passenger, on the sloop-of-war "Boston" 
for the purpose of joining the Gulf Squadron. The vessel 
was wrecked on the island Eleuthera, one of the Bahama 
Islands, Nov. 16, 184G. He .subsequently joined the war- 
ship " Potomac," belonging to the blockading squadron off 
Vera Cruz. He left her at Pensacola in 1847, the last of 
his naval service. During his naval experience he visited 
all phaces of interest on the Mediterranean, also the Holy 
liuiid. Ill' returned to Charlestown, and engaged in the 



TOWNS OP WKSTBROOK AND DEi<:RING. 



301 



provision business there two years. lie murried, April 
22, 1847, Mary A. Lunt, daughter of George W. Lunt, of 
Westbrook, Me. In January, 1849, he sailed for California 
vi(i Cape Horn. Upon arrival at San Francisco, in com- 
pany with eleven others, with a boat brought with him 
from Massachusetts, he went to Stockton, one hundred and 
twenty miles in the interior from San Francisco. Owing 
to the illness of his wife, he returned to Massachusetts, 



has since lived. In 18G1 he made another trip to Cali- 
fornia, and was absent two years, visiting Oregon, Wjush- 
ington, and Idaho Territories. He returned in March, 
1863. Mr. Walker has followed farming and brick-making 
during his residence in Westbrook. 

In politics he is a Democrat. He has been chairman of 
the board of selectmen eight years ; justice of the peace 
since 1873; town auditor two years, and has filled other 





^^^l^&^ 



crossing Mexico on the return. Reached home Jan. 29, 
1851. His wife died May 6, 1851. 

On the 13th of June following he started for California 
by way of the Isthmus. Remaining there about two years, 
he returned via Nicaragua, arriving in Charlestown August, 
1853. He was again married. May 11, 1854, to Zelia A. 
Lunt, sister of his first wife. Mrs. Walker was born in 
Westbrook, May 13, 1825. The same year he purchased 
of his wife's father the farm, in Westbrook, upon which he 



minor oflSces of trust in his town. Was candidate of his 
party for representative in 1871. 

By his first wife he had one child, who died in infancy. 

By his present wife he has five children, — Calvin S., born 
Sept. 28, 1855 ; Edward S., born Aug. 12, 1857 ; Henry 
Percy, born Nov. 17, 1859 ; Charles B., born Jan. 6, 
1864; and Ernest W., born April 17, 1866. The two 
latter were drowned in the Presumpscot River, March 30, 
1872. 



CHARLES ROBERTS 

was born in the town of Westbrook (then Falmouth) Jan. 
20, 1804, the eldest child of William and Betsey (Hatch) 
Roberts. His grandfather, Benjamin Roberts, lived in the 
town of Cape Elizabeth (then Falmouth), where his father 
was born in 1774, and when the latter was a boy the fiuuily 
moved to the town of Gorham. Both his grandfiither and 
father were ship-carpenters, and besides carrying on a farm, 
worked at their trade. After marriage, his father, in 1805, 
purchased a farm in "Westbrook, on the Saco road, one mile 
and a half south of the village of Saccarappa. In company 
with Daniel Trickey he purchased timber lands in the town 



of Sebago, and under the firm of Roberts & Trickey carried 
on a lumber trade in connection with farming for many 
years. His father died Oct. 24, 1868, aged ninety-three 
years. Charles Roberts has always lived near the spot 
where he was born. The house in which he still lives was 
built by his father in 1816. 

In early life he was much employed in driving team con- 
nected with his father's lumber business. When but eight 
years of age he drove a team to Portland. He worked eight 
seasons after he was eighteen years old in his father's log- 
ging swamp. His education was limited to the common 
schools of Westbrook. He was married May 6, 1832, to 



392 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Eleanor J. Cliemn-}', ilauf^htcr of Joseph aud Rebecca 
Chenery. Mrs. Roberts was born April 26, 1810, in West- 
brook. They have had seven children, viz. : Frances E., 
born Feb. 20, 1833; wife of Randall J. Elder ; they have 
five children. Marrietta B., born March 27, 1835; died 
May 17, 1871. John, born Oct. 21, 1837; married 
Martha Roboi'ts, daughter of Joshua D. Roberts ; four 
children. Annie R., born Oct. 4, 1840; wife of George 
A. Hunt, of Portland ; four children. William, born 
March 20, 1843 ; living at home. Charles E., born July 
27, 1848; married Ella M. Whitney; two children. 
Eddie, born May 28, 1853; died Dee. 3, 1858. 

With the exception of the time employed in lumbering, 
as above named, Mr. Roberts has followed farming, and few 
men in the town of Westbrook with better success. In 
politics, Mr. Roberts was a Democrat up to the organization 
of the Republican party, since which time he has acted 
with the latter. Though the life of a farmer is one of toil, 
and in this respect Mr. Roberts has been no exception, yet, 
inheriting a vigorous constitution, kept unimpaired by a 
temperate life, few men can be found upon whom seventy- 
five years sit more lightly. 

A representation of their home, together with the por- 
traits of Mr. and Mrs. Roberts, appear ou another page of 
this work. 



JAMES PENNELL 

was born in the town of Gray, Cumberland Co., Me., July 
4, 1818, the seventh child of Joseph and p]lizabeth (Stone) 
Pennell. (For a more extended account of the genealogy 
of the family see biography of William H. Pennell, on 
another page of this volume.) 

At the age of fifteen James Pennell commenced to learn 
the shoemaker's trade, of his brother, Dixey S. Pennell, 
with whom he remained three years, attending school winters. 
He worked thereafter at his trade for two years. In 1838 
he opened a boot- and shoe-store in New Gloucester, which 
he carried on for six years. He then moved to Saccarappa, 
where for several years he engaged in the manufacture of 
brick. For one year thereafter he traveled through Maine, 
New Hampshire, and New York as agent for a patent carriage 
spring. In 1849, for about two years, he engaged in the 
manufacture, at Saccarappa, of Vogel's patent loom harness ; 
and for ten years thereafter, in company with Henry 
Smith, G. & L. P. Warren, under the firm-name of Warren, 
Pennell & Co., continued in the manufeeture of loom harness. 
In this copartnership Jlr. Pennell had the management of 
the business. For the next twelve years he engaged with 
G. & L. P. Warren in the manufacture of wire, at Sacca- 
rappa. In April, 1875, purchased the store known as the 
Brackett stand, in Saccarappa, where he now carries on the 
stove and hardware trade. 

In politics Mr. Pennell is Republican. Was county com- 
missioner from 1866 to 1869; two years selectman; was 
commissioner with Samuel T. Raymond, from the town of 
Westbrook, in the .settlement of the business of the town at 
the time of setting off from it the town of Deering. 

Mr. Pennell has been twice married. His first wife was 
Mary A. Taylor, of New Gloucester, by whom he had four 



.children, all deceiised. His second wife was .lane M. 
Haskell, of Saccarappa. They have six children, viz., 
Frank H., Anna S., Jennie F., Marcia W., Bertha M., and 
Mary E. 



WILLIAM GILMOUR 
was born in Distan, near Sterling Castle, Scotland, July 25, 
1839, the fourth child of James and Annie (Mithven) 
Gilmour. The family emigrated to America in 1842, and 
settled in Lowell, Mass., where, for seventeen years, his 
father was master machinist in the Lowell Machine-Shop 
Company. In 1859 the family moved to New York City, 
where the father died, Nov. 4, 1869. His mother died in 
Lowell, May 11, 1855. Mr. Gilmour received his educa- 
tion in the public schools of Lowell. At the age of six- 
teen he went before the ma.st on the whale-ship " Eshcol," 
and returned to Lowell after a thirteen months' voyage, 
with $45 as his share of the profit. He then learned the 
machinist trade of his father. At the age of twenty he 
was foreman in the cotton-machinery department of the 
Lowell Machine Company. In 1861 he enlisted as private 
in the 1st New Hampshire Regiment for three months; 
was detailed with others from the regiment for the defen.se 
of Fort Constitution, off' Portsmouth. He received an 
honorable discharge at the end of his term of enlistment. 
He was thereafter employed as machinist on government 
work in New York City and Portland, and in the navy- 
yard at Portsmouth. In 1867 he went to San Francisco, 
Cal., where for one year he was employed in the Union 
Iron -Works Company, and for three years thereafter had 
charge of the construction-shops of the Central Pacific 
Railroad at Sacramento. While at Portsmouth he volun- 
teered as engineer on the war-ship " Agawam," sent in 
pursuit of the steamer " Chesapeake," which had been 
captured by the rebels. In 1871 settled at Cumberland 
Mills, where for five years he engaged in general mer- 
chandising. Since 1876 has dealt in real estate. He was 
married Feb. 21, 1867, to Georgie S. Jack, daughter of 
Edward and Sarah Jack. Mrs. Gilmour was born in Port- 
land, May 26, 1843. They have had three children, viz.: 
Nellie F., born Aug. 2, 1868, died Oct. 6, 1877; Alice 
A., born Jlay 8, 1871 ; Annie M., born Sept. 29, 1872. 
Mr. Gilmour voted with the Republican party up to the 
second nomination of Grant, when he cast his vote for 
Horace Greeley, since which time he has been identified 
with the Democratic and Greenback parties. He was 
elected by them in 1878 a school commissioner and one of 
the selectmen of the town of Westbrook. The latter 
position he still holds. 



JAMES M. WEBB 
was born in the town of St. Alban's, Me., Dec. 14, 1835. 
He lived with his grandparents until he was sixteen years 
of age. His education was limited to attendance at the 
common school of his native town, with two terms at the 
St. Alban's Academy. After working for two years on a 
farm for Isaac Pierce, at Somerset, Mass., and the same 




JAMES PENNELL. 





y/ AyC/f cca^rx ' '^.-L- ^-^1 ''/ 1! t) 




^^^/' 




.,^/m^^ 




U cry c Oyj /J ^ ni^T^ cri tl • 





RrsiDENCE OF CEORGE JOHNSON, Delring, Me 



TOWN OF WINDHAM. 



393 



length of time in the carpet-factory of Moses Bailey, at 
Winthrop, Me., he commenced to learn carriage-making of 
Lemuel Stilson, at Waterville, Me., where lie also remained 
two years. In October, 1857, after working at his trade 
in a number of places in Maine, he settled in October, 
1857, at Saccarappa. In 1862 he enlisted, as private, in 
Company H, 17th Maiue Regiment of Infantry. The 
regiment was attached to the 3d Brigade, Kearney's Divi- 
sion, of the Army of the Potomac. Though Mr. Webb 
was in all the great battles, and many skirmishes in which 
that army was engaged, and often in the thickest of the 
fight, he escaped, unharmed, to within two days of the sur- 
render of Lee's army. On the 6th of July, 1865, while fol- 
lowing up and skirmishing with the rear of the retreating 
rebel army, he was wounded with a minie-ball in the upper 
third of the thigh, making a compound fracture of the thigh- 
bone, necessitating amputation of the leg. From the time 
of receiving the wound to July following, he was in the 
hospitals at Annapolis and Philadelphia. During his term 
of service he received a number of promotions. His first 
was after the battle of Gettysburg, to sergeant, and soon 
after to orderly-sergeant; in 1864 to second lieutenant, 
Company K, and the same year to first lieutenant, Company 
D, both of the 17th Regiment. He commanded Company 
C iu the engagement before Petersburg. He returned to 
his home at Saccarappa in July, 1865, and was mustered 
out of service Sept. 18, 1865. He was laid up eighteen 
months on account of his wound. In 1867 he was ap- 
pointed postmaster at Saccarappa, and the same year was 
appointed trial justice. Was chosen town clerk in 1871, 
and town treasurer in 1874. He still holds these difierent 
offices. He was elected county treasurer in 1879. Mr. 
Webb has always been a Republican, and an active man in 
his party. He has been twice married. His first wife was 
Charlotte Hodsdon, by whom he had three children, viz., 
George F., Frank Elmer, and Lottie ; the latter is deceased. 
His second wife is Emma Hodsdon, sister of his first. 
Their children are Willie W., Lena Blanche, and Isa 
Maud ; the two latter twins. 



GEORGE JOHNSON 

was born in the town of Westbrook (now Decring), Nov. 
7, 1820. The family descends from James Johnson, who 
emigrated from Ireland in 1733, and settled in what is now 
the town of Scarborough or Cape Elizabeth. His occupa- 
tion was a ferryman over the Spurwink River, afterwards 
between Old Orchard and Prout's Neck beaches. He died 
in 1740. His ancestors emigrated from Scotland to Ire- 
land during the McGregor war. He had two sons, James 
and John. James was born in 1690 and died in 1774. 
His wife's name was Jane, and she lived to be ninety-four 
years of age. Their children were George, Flora, Eleanor, 
James, John, and Margaret. Their son John, grandfather 
to George, was born May 14, 1737 ; died May, 1833, aged 
ninety-six years. He married Eleanor Lamb, March, 1764. 
They had ten children. Alexander Johnson, father to 
George, was their seventh child, born April, 1777 ; mar- 
ried Sarah Johnson, daughter of Randall Johnson, who 
was also a descendant of James Johnson, the line of 
descent being James, John, Robert, and Randall. Mrs. 
Johnson was born in Westbrook (now Deering), Feb. 18, 
1793. Their children were Jane, born Dec. 4, 1818, wife 
of John Trickey, a farmer in Westbrook ; George, subject 
of our sketch ; Dorcas, born Dec. 8, 1822, living at the 
homestead ; and Joseph, born Oct. 7, 1824, married Dec. 
22, 1852, Maria Cloyes, of Framingham, Mass., died Nov, 
25, 1872. The father died May 13, 1840 ; the mother, 
June 3, 1876. 

In 1749, James Johnson, great-grandfather to George, 
settled in Deering, on the place which has since been held 
in the family. His father built their present residence in 
1784. Mr. Johnson has always lived at the old homestead. 
He received his education in the common schools of hm 
native town. In politics, a Democrat up to the time of the 
organization of the Republican party, and has since been 
identified with the latter. He was selectman of the town 
in 1861 and 1862. A representation of the homestead, 
with portraits of Mr. Johnson and sister, appear on another 
page of this work. 



WINDHAM. 



ORIGIN OF THE TOWN. 
On the 20th of November, 1734, a petition was pre- 
sented to the General Court of Massachusetts by Abraham 
Howard and Joseph Blaney, representatives of the town of 
Marblehead, " shewing that the said town is of very small 
extent, and the inhabitants more numerous than in most 
towns in the province, so that they are much straitened in 
their accommodations, and therefore praying for a tract of 
land for a township for such persons belonging t» the said 
town of Marblehead as will settle thereon." This petition 
was granted, and in December, 1735, John Wainwright, 
John Hobson, and Daniel Epes were appointed a committee 
50 



on the part of the House of Representatives, and William 
Dudley and Ebenezer Barrill on the part of the council, to 
admit sixty inhabitants of the town of Marblehead to be- 
come o-rantees, to lay out the township and the first division 
of the home-lots. 

The conditions of the grant were, that the home-lota 
should be sixty-three in number, should be laid out in as 
defensible a manner as convenient, and all future divisions 
should be in equal proportions. Three of the lots or rights 
were to be disposed of as follows : one for the first settled 
minister, one for the ministry, and one for the support of 
schools. The grantees were to build a dwelling-house eigh- 



394 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



teen feet square, and seven-foot posts ; to have seven acres 
of land brought to English grass, and fit for mowing : to 
settle a learned, orthodox minister; to build a convenient 
meeting-house for the public worship of God within five 
years after their admission ; and each grantee, upon his ad- 
mission, should pay five pounds to the committee. 

The sixty persons specified in the grant, and admitted 
Jan. 17, 1735, wore the following named: Jeremiah Allen, 
Micah Bowden, Robert Bull, Nathaniel Bartlette, John 
Bailey, Thomas Bartlette, Nathan Bowon, Francis Bowden, 
Jedediah Blaney, Samuel Brunblecom, Jos. Blaney, Thomas 
Chute, Peter Coleman, Mo.ses Callcy, Nathaniel Cogswell, 
Richard Dana, Benjamin Dodge, Humphrey Devereaux, 
Nicholas Edgccome, Natlianiel Evans, John Gelton, Thos. 
Frothingham, Joseph Gallison, Josepli Griffin. William 
Goodwin, Robert Hooper, Ebcnezer Ilawkcs, Jr., Abraham 
Howard, Benjamin llendley, Edward Holyoke, Joseph 
Howard, John Homan, Ebenezer Hawkes, Benjamin James, 
Willam Ingalls, Giles Iremy, Samuel Lee, Joseph Majory, 
Isaac Maxfield, William Mayberry, John Oulton, Robert 
Paramore, George Pigot, John Palmer, Jonathan Proctor, 
James Perrimon, James Pierson, John Reed, Richard 
Reed, Samuel Stacy (3d), James Sharrar, John Stacy, 
Ebenezer Stacy, James Skinner, Joseph Swett, Joseph 
Smithurst, Andrew Tucker, Isaac Turner, Calley Wright, 
Thomas Wood. 

Several of them held a meeting at Marblehead, and ap- 
pointed Ebenezer Hawkes, Thomas Chute, and William 
Goodwin a committee, on the part of the grantees, to accom- 
pany, assist, and advise the committee appointed by the 
General Court to locate the township and lay out the first 
division of lots. The committee, with Rowland Houghton, 
a surveyor, proceeded to the site of Windham, April 19, 
1735, and began its location, running out and establishing 
the home-lots according to the terms of the grant, the lots 
containing ten acres each. They made a plan or map of 
the same, which was accepted by both branches of the Gen- 
eral Court, June 7, 1735, and the lands described therein 
confirmed to the grantees, provided they fulfilled the speci- 
fied conditions. At a meeting of the committee at Marble- 
head, June 27, 1735, the 63 home-lots were drawn and 
disposed of to the proprietors. 

The town was called New Marblehead ; as originally laid 
out it embraced six miles square and 25,600 acres. The 
first division of home-lots was located on the main road 
from Westbrook to Raymond, running parallel with and 
one-half mile from the Presump.scot River, being the first 
public road laid out in Windham. They extended from 
the road back to the river, beginning opposite the dwelling- 
house now occupied by John Webb, Esq., and terminating 
a few rods below the dwelling-house of Josiah Elder, thus 
extending along the road a distance of two miles. 

In order to comply as strictly as possible with the terms 
of the grant in regard to making the settlement defensible, 
these lots were located with narrow fronts of 10 rods each, 
so as to bring the houses into nearer proximity with each 
other, while each lot was half a mile long in the other 
direction. The General Court was induced to make this a 
condition in all the grants made at that time from their 
extreme carefulness to protect the settlers from the ravages 



of the Indians, to which all the frontier settlements in 
Maine were exposed for more than a hundred years from 
the time the first settlements began. The .settlements on 
the coast pa.s.sed through several successive bloody and 
destructive Indian wars before settlements were begun in 
tlic interior, but no part of the country was safe from the 
attacks of the savage tomahawk and scalping-knife till 
Canada was taken from the French, in 1760. 

The town, as originally laid out, extended down the Pre- 
sumpscot River to Saccarappa Falls, and the boundary-line 
between it and Falmouth (now Westbrook) was in dispute 
for a period of twenty seven years. It was finally settled by 
an act of the General Court, passed Nov. 27, 1761, when 
the eastern boundary was established as it is at present. 
The boundary-line between this town and Gray (then New 
Boston) was also undecided for a considerable time. The 
claim of the Pejepscot proprietors on the northeast of New 
Gloucester encroaching upon that town as originally laid 
out, caused it to crowd upon New Boston, which in turn 
crowded upon New Marblehead, causing a disturbance which 
almost resulted in a local war. The difference in dispute was 
about two miles of territory, which no amount of pushing 
and jostling could create for the benefit of either town. The 
difficulty was settled by the proprietors of New Gloucester 
petitioning the General Court, in 1761, for a committee to 
run out New Marblehead, New Boston, and New Gloucester, 
and establish their bounds, which was granted. The com- 
mittee, in the exercise of its powers, changed the original 
boundaries of the several towns.* 

PREPARATIONS FOR SETTLEMENT. 

On the 4th of July, 1735, the grantees, at a meeting in 
Marblehead, voted that " each home-lot have ten acres more 
added to it on the other side of the main road at the front 
of said lots," which were subsequently laid out directly op- 
posite the home-lots, and corresponding with them in (|uan- 
tity and form. The grantees, prior to the commencement 
of actual settlement, held various meetings, and expended 
considerable sums of money in the way of improvements. 
They built a bridge across the Presumpscot River, imme- 
diately above Saccarappa Falls, and bridges over Inkborn 
and Colley Wright's Brooks ; they laid out considerable 
money in opening roads and in preparing the township for 
the habitation of civilized man, as yet unknown within its 
wilderness limits. And to have everything in readiness 
for a fair start in the race of subduing the forest and plant- 
ing a civilized, well-ordered community, it was proposed by 
the grantees to build a meeting-hou.sc for public worship in 
advance of the arrival of the first pioneer. Accordingly, 
on the 9th of June, 1737, a committee was appointed to 
report a plan for such an edifice. They reported at an 
adjourned meeting, July 23d, that it was their " opinion 
that a meeting-house suitable for said township at present 
■ be about forty feet long and thirty feet wide and ten feel 
liigh." The report was accepted, and a vote taken to build 
the meeting-house accordingly. 

" lodJ, That the meeling-house be built on the westernmost corner 
of the ten-acre lot, to be liiid out and belonging to the ministerial lot 



» See history of New Gloucester in this work. Also Isaac Parsons, 
in Maine Ilisturicul Collections. 



TOWN OF WINDHAM. 



395 



(house-lot No. S.'i), and that £1^0 be assessed on the several rights to 
defray the expense of building the house." 

Who ever heard before of a people taxing their unoccu- 
pied wilderness land to build a plain temple in the forest 
in which to worship their Creator? But the ruthless pagans 
of the forest interfered with their work of Christian devo- 
tion, claiming the land and menacing the workmen, so that 
the house was not finished till 1740. This was the first 
meeting-house built in the town of Windham. It stood a 
few rods north of the dwelling-house occupied in latter 
years by Col. Edward Anderson,* the younger. 

FIKST SETTLEMENTS. 

The first settlement was begun in this town by Capt. 
Thomas Chute, July 30, 1737. Mr. Chute was born in 
1690, and was therefore a man of forty-seven years of age 
when he entered the wilderness and began a new home for 
himself and fiimily. He had emigrated to Marblehead, 
Mass., and in the spring previous to his settlement in 
Windham had come to Falmouth Neck. He was one of 
the grantees, and drew home-lot No. 12, on which he set- 
tled, about thirty rods from the Presumpscot River. Here 
the first trees were felled and the first habitation erected 
within the town, — a rude cabin, such as sheltered most of 
the early pioneers. This cabin stood on the farm occupied 
in the third generation by John Chute, a grandson of Capt. 
Thomas Chute. 

We find the following items respecting the Chute family 
in the records of births, baptisms, marriages, and deaths 
kept by Rev. Peter Thacher Smith, during his pastorate of 
the First Church of Windham : 

Deacon Thomas Chute, died in 1771. 

Mary, wife of Thomas Chute, died July 30, 17C2, aged 
seventy years. The brief record adds : " and is greatly 
lamented not only in her own family, but by all who had 
any acquaintance with her." 

Curtis Ciiute, married Miriam Carr, March 21, 1754. 



Ruth, born Jan. 13, 1755. 
James, born April 7, 1757. 
Josiah, born June 4, 1759. 
Thomas, born Feb. 19, 17G2. 

Curtis Chute admitted to communion March 11, 1753. 
Killed by lightning June 4, 1767. 

BAPTISMS. 

Curtis and David, sons of Josiah and Jlary Chute, Jan- 
uary, 1785. 

Elizabeth, daughter of John and Elizabeth Chute, Feb. 
24, 1799. 

Mary, daughter of Thomas and Mary Chute, June 16, 
1799. 

Dorcas, daughter of Josiah and Mary Chute, Aug. 4, 
1799. 

William Mayberry was the second settler in the town. 
He was also from Marblehead, and one of the grantees. 



* Smith's History of Windham. 



He settled on house-lot No. 27, on the place near the river 
lately owned by Frederic Smith. We find in the records 
above referred to the following records of the Mayberrys : 

BIRTHS. 

William Mayberry, son of Thomas and Bethiah, Feb. 1, 
1744-45. 

William Mayberry,f son of Thomas and IJcthiah, April 
12, 1746. 

John Mayberry, son of Thomas and Bethiah, March 28, 
1748. 

Sarah Mayberry, daughter of Thomas and Bethiah, July 
12, 1749. 

Thomas Mayberry, son of Tiiomas and Bethiah, July 
17, 1751. 

Bethsheba Mayberry, daughter of Thomas and Bethiah, 
July 14, 1753. 

David Mayberry, son of Thomas and Bethiah, March 8, 
1756. 

Charity Mayberry, daughter of Johii and Elizabeth, 
August 30, 1755. 

BAPTCSMS. 

Mary Mayberry, daughter of Thomas and Bethiah, Oct. 
3, 1762. 

Bethsheba Mayberry, daughter of Richard and Martha, 
Nov. 13, 1763. 

John Mayberry, son of William and Jane, April 15, 1764. 

Pilchard Mayberry, son of Thomas and Bethiah. 

James Mayberry, son of William and Jane, Sept. 8, 
1765. 

Anne Mayberry, daughter of Richard and Martha, 
March, 1766. 

Richard Mayberry, son of William and Jane, April 8, 
1767. 

Richard Mayberry, son of Richard and Martha, April 
26, 1767. 

Margaret Mayberry, daughter of Thomas and Margaret, 
Dec. 8, 1771. 

David Spear Mayberry, son of William, Jr., and Rose, 
May 10, 1772. 

Jenny Mayberry, daughter of William and Jenny, June 
14, 1772. 

Samuel Mayberry, son of William and Jane, June, 1774. 

Robert jMayberry, son of William and Rose, November, 
1774. 

Josiah Mayberry, son of Thomas, Jr., and JIary, Feb- 
ruary, 1775. 

ICdward Mayberry, son of Richard and Martha, Jan- 
uary, 1776. 

Thomas Mayberry, son of William and Rose, July, 1776. 

Lovina Mayberry, daughter of Thomas and Mary, June, 
1780. 

Joseph Mayberry, son of David and Jemima, April 13, 
1783. 

Miriam Mayberry, daughter of Thomas and Mary, April 
20, 1783. 

Martha Mayberry, daughter of William and Rebecca, 
Oct. 17, 1784. 

f The first William died aged five months, April 26, 174S. 



396 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Francis Mayberry, son of Thomas and INIary, January, 
1785. 

John Mayberry, son of James and Bethsbeba, Nov. 18, 
1787. 

William Mayberry, son of William and Mary, June 16, 
1799. 

MARRIAfiES. 

Thomas Mayberry and Mrs. Bethiah Spear, both of 
Windham, Jan. 17, 1744—15. 

Thomas Mayberry and Ann Sweat, Dec. 3, 1767. 
Williain Mayberry and Rose Waldon, Feb. 4, 1708. 
James Mayberry and Betbsheba Mayberry, Dec. 1, 1785. 
John Mayberry and Rachel Wilson, Oct. 9, 1788. 

DEATHS. 

William Mayberry, son of Thomas and Bethiah, April 
26, 1745. 

John Mayberry, son of Thomas and Bethiah, Aug. 27, 
1748, aged five months. 

William Mayberry, March 15, 1764. 

Anne Mayberry, wife of Thomas, April 6, 1770. 

Bethiah Mayberry, wife of Thomas, June 14, 1807. 

William Knight, from Marblehead, was one of the first 
settlers of New Marblehead, now Windham, Me. Married 
Mary Haskell. Second wife, Hannah Roberts. 

CHILDREN BY FIRST WIFE. 

William, married Mary Knight. 

Joseph, married Lucy Libby. 

Abigail, married Uriah Nason. 

William and Joseph were carried off by the Indians, 
April 14, 1747, but soon after escaped and returned home. 
Joseph was again taken April 14, 1756, but escaped and 
returned in May following. 

CHILDREN BY SECOND WIFE. 

Rutharoa, married William Whitmore. 

Sarah, married Sargent Shaw. 

Winthrop, died in the Revolution. 

John, married Mercy Gregg. 

Bet.sey, died single. 

Joanna, married Eliakim Wescott. 

William, son of William and Hannah Knight, married 
Mary Knight, and .settled on the homestead of his father, in 
Windham ; owned, in 1867, by William Silla, Esq. 

CHILDREN. 

George, married Rebecca Davis. 

William, married Elizabeth O.sgood. 

Hannah, married Enoch Waite. 

Eunice, married William Motley. 

Martha, married Elkanah Harding. 

Nathaniel, married Nancy Johnson ; second wife, Han- 
nah Mugford. 

Nathaniel, son of William Knight, settled first on the 
homestead of his father, in Windham ; thence to Otisfield ; 
thence to Sebago, where he died in 1832, aged fifty-six. 

CHILDREN BY FIRST WIFE. 

David, died single, aged fifty-six. 
Martha, married Thomas Fagan. 



Harriet, drowned with her mother, at Little Falls, Wind- 
ham, Feb. 19, 1807, aged twenty months. 

CHILDREN BY SECOND WIFE. 

Nancy, married Joseph D. Roberts. 

Eunice, died in infancy. 

Major W., married Lydia Bean ; second wife, Caroline 
Jackson ; third wife, Lucy Scribner. 

HarrLson O., married Susan Weston. 

Eunice D., unmarried. 

Henry, married Sophia S. Hicks. 

Franklin F., married Eliza Bailey. 

Lois G., unmarried. 

Mary E., married Stephen Sawyer. 

George W., married Hannah Davis. 

Henry, son of Nathaniel and Hannah Knight, married 
Sophia S. Hicks, and settled in Portland. 

CHILDREN. 

Frances A., married Reuben H. Prince. 

Charles Emmons, died in childhood, aged two years. 

Mary Isabella, died in childhood. 

Harriet Olivia. 

Edward E., died in childhood. 

Carrie Ella. 

Harrison Sherman. 

The following were heads of families in the first parish 
of Windham, in 1762 : Abraham Anderson, James Bailey, 
John Bodge, Thomas Bolton, William Bolton, Eleazer 
Chase, William Campbell, Thomas Chute, Curtis Chute, 
Hugh Crague, Nathaniel Evins, William Elder, Isaac 
Elder, John Farrar, Caleb Graffam, Zerubbabel Hunnewell, 
Eliot Hall, William Knight, William Knight, Jr., Ste- 
phen Lowell, John Mayberry, William Mayberry, Richard 
Mayberry, Thomas Mayberry, Thomas Mugford, Stephen 
Manchester, John Manchester, William Maxfield, Robert 
Miller, Simon Noyes. John Stevens, William Stinchfield, 
Joseph Starling, Thomas Trott, Samuel Webb, Eli Webb, 
Ephraim Winship, Gershom Winship, Micah Walker, 
Thomas Haskell, of Falmouth, Seth Webb, of Gorham. 

We find in this little book of records the following entry : 

"Dec. 2.3, 1750. — Voted, that Edmund Phinney, some time since 
being admitted to full communion in this church, be dismissed there- 
fiom to be joined with (or embodied with) the church speedily to be 
gathered at a plantation called Gorham Town, near to us. Near the 
conclusion of the public service the foregoing vote was taken. 

" KoMiXD Finny.'' 

Another of the early settlers was Dr. Caleb Rea. He 
was the son of Dr. Caleb Rea, Sr., and was born in Dan- 
vers, Mass., March 8, 1758. He married Sarah White, 
daughter of Capt. John and Abigail (Blaney) White, of 
Salem, Oct. 4, 1781, and had children : Thomas, who died 
in Ohio, in 1860; Sarah (Sally), who married Dr. Jacob 
Hunt, and died at Stroudwater, in 1870 ; Mary, who died 
in Portland, in 1849; Caleb, born April 11, 1790, died 
Sept. 11, 1849, in Windham; Aaron Porter, who died in 
Nashville, Tenn. ; Albus, M.D. (first named John White), 
who died in Portland, 1848. 

Dr. Rea was descended from Daniel Rea, of Plymouth 
(1631). The descendants in the regular line from the 



TOWN OF WINDHAM. 



397 



first Daniel were Joshua, Daniel, Zerubbabel, Dr. Caleb 
Kea, Sr., and Dr. Caleb Rea, Jr. The latter died at Wind- 
ham, Dec. 29, 1796, and was buried on his farm, consisting 
of lot No. 1, in the first division of 100-acre lots. His 
widow died in 1836. • 

Samuel Webb, the first schoolmaster and blacksmith 
in Windham, was the son of Samuel Webb, a native of 
London, England, who was poisoned bj negroes in Africa. 
He was born in England on Christmas Day, 1696, and, 
after emigrating to Rhode Island, learned the blacksmith's 
trade of one Mclntyre, whose daughter, Mary, he married 
on Christmas Day, 1718, by whom he had children, Samuel 
and Thomas. His second wife was Mrs. Bathia Spear, 
widow of Capt. David Spear, and fifth daughter of John 
Farrar and Percy his wife, an early settler of Windham. 
Mrs. Spear was a maiden, a widow, and a mother before she 
was sixteen years of age. By the latter marriage Mr. Webb 
had eight children: David, born July 17, 1727, in Wey- 
mouth, Mass., married Dorothy Peabody ; Ezekiel ; John ; 
Seth ; Eli, born at Tiverton, R. I., Nov. 7, 1737 ; James; 
Susannah, married William Maxfield, 17.53;* and Eliza- 
beth. 

In 1744, Samuel Webb moved to Boston, whence he 
came to Falmouth Neck, then to Saccarappa, and then to 
Windham. From Windham he moved to Deer Isle, with 
his son Seth, in 1766. His wife died Nov. 30, 1770, aged 
sixty-two years. He died Feb. 1.5, 1785. David Webb, 
the oldest of his second family of children, lived in Wind- 
ham at the time he married Dorothy Peabody, of Falmouth, 
July 25, 1745. f John, the third son, married Elizabeth, 
daughter of Benjamin and Amy (Pride) Larrabee, of Back 
Cove, in 1753, and had three sons and four daughters. Eli 
Webb, after his settlement in Windham, lived on the 100- 
acre lot No. 1 (afterwards the Red Farm) until 1777, when 
he moved to lot No. 101 in Gorhani, near the Powder 
Mills. He married Sarah Cloutman, daughter of Edward 
and Anna Cloutman. She was born near Stroudwater, 
April 25, 1742, and her father was the Edward Cloutman 
whom the Indians carried ofi' in 1746. Her mother after- 
wards married Abraham Anderson, of Windham. By her 
first marriage she had Timothy, ancestor of all the Clout- 
mans in this vicinity, Sarah, above named, and Mary, who 
was never married. 

James Webb lived in Windham, and married Elizabeth 
Mayberry, Aug. 19, 1762. They had one son and one 
daughter, who were baptized May 10, 1765, and may have 
had other children. 

We find a John Webb (whether related to the above or 
not we do not know), born in 1750, died in Windham, in 
1835, aged eighty-five. He married Susannah Sweat, July 
27, 1779, and had six children, viz., Thomas, John, Stephen, 
Polly, Betsey, and Hannah. Thomas married Lydia Bick- 
ford, and had children ; John married, and lives in Auburn, 
Me. ; Stephen married Mary Padden ; Polly married John 
Goodell, of Windham, and died, aged eighty, in 1861 ; 
Betsey married Josiah Freeman, of Windham, who died, 
aged eighty-seven or eighty-eight ; five children, — Stephen 



* William Maxfield married again, Mary Westcott, March, ]7fi3. 
fSee marriage records of John Wight, pastor. 



W., of Windham, Benjamin, of Washington, D. C, Thomas 
W., of Denmark, Elizabeth, wife of Jonathan Sanborn, of 
Windham, and Lois, unmarried. Hannah married Lsaac 
Gibbs Walker, of Saccarappa, and died in 1878, leaving 
three children. 

Aaron Silla, son of Benjamin and Judith Silla, of Salis- 
bury, born in 1746, and died in 1805 ; married Elizabeth 
Dodge, in Windham, Nov. 3, 1767. She was born in Bev- 
erly, Mass., in 1743, and died Dec. 8, 1824. He was a 
brother of William Silla, who settled in Gorham, and had 
a large family. The daughters are married into the Riggs, 
Bolton, and Cook families. 

Col. William Silla is the only descendant bearing the 
name now residing in Windham. He has been a leading 
citizen, and has held various town offices. He was born in 
Gorham in 1800, has been twice married, but has ho chil- 
dren living. 

Windham was the birthplace of Hon. John A. Andrew, 
the famous war Governor of Massachusetts during the late 
Rebellion. His family was of English origin, descending, in 
America, from Robert Andrew, who died in Rowley, Mass., 
in 1668. Governor Andrew was born on the 13th of May, 
1818, graduated at Bowdoin College in 1837, studied law 
in Boston, and was admitted to the bar in 1840. In 1850 
he opposed the Fugitive Slave Law. He resided in Bo.ston, 
where he was the law-partner of Theophilus P. Chandler, 
Esq. In November, 1860, he was elected the twenty-first 
Governor of Massachusetts, and in that capacity during the 
war displayed an ability and patriotism which attracted 
universal attention. He was one of the most brilliant and 
accomplished statesmen of his time. 

Hon. John Anderson, well known as mayor of Portland 
and member of Congress from this district, was born in 
Windham. He was son of Abraham and Lucy (Smith) 
Anderson, and grandson of Abraham Anderson, one of the 
first settlers. 

FIRST SAW-MILL. 

At a meeting of the proprietors, held Jan. 19, 1738, a 
vote was passed granting to Ebenezer Hawkes, William 
Goodwin, Isaac Turner, and Ebenezer Stacy, all their right 
to any one of the falls of water on the Presumpscot, with 
10 acres of land adjoining, upon condition of their erecting 
and putting in operation a saw-mill. The mill was accord- 
ingly built on the falls called Horse-beef, and accepted by 
the proprietors Dec. 13, 1740. This was the first mdl of 
any kind erected within the limits of the town. J 

DIVISION OF THE LANDS. 

On the 22d of October, 1740, 63 one-hundred-acre lots 
were laid out by vote of the proprietors, and constituted the 
second division of the common lands of the township. By 
a subsequent vote a third division was made Jan. 26, 1763, 
consisting of 126 one-hundred-acre lots. A fourth division, 
including all the remaining common lands, was made into 
63 seventy-three-acrc lots, Oct. 3, 1801. This last was ac- 
cepted and confirmed Feb. 16, 1804. In these several 
divisions each one of the 63 original rights drew 393 acres 
of land. 

J Smith's History of Windham. 



398 



HISTORY OF CUJIBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



INDIAN TROUBLES. 

The few eaily .settlors of" Windham had not long boon in 
possession of their territory when they began to experience 
trouble with the Indians, eonsequcnt upon the breaking out 
of the war between England and France. In anticipation 
of this war Massachusetts determined to put her eastern 
frontiers in as defensible a position as practicable, and 
accordingly tiie Legislature, in 174.'!, made an appropriation 
of £1280, to be expended among the eastern settlements 
for their defen.sc. One hundred pounds of this money was 
assigned to New Marblebead, and expended in building a 
fort. We take tiie following descriplion of this fort from 
Smith's History of Windham: 

" This fort was built on lot No. ;'>!>. in the centre of the 
' Ancient Dnniiiiiun,' or home-lots, on the most elevated and 
beautiful site in I he ' two mile territory,' a favi rods south 
of the dwelling-hou.se of the late Peter Thacher Smith. It 
stood partly on the road and partly on land occupied by Col. 
Anderson for a garden. The fort was 50 feet square, 2 
stories high, with walls one foot thick, of hewn hemlock 
timber, the upper story jutting one foot over the lower, 
with a tier of port-holes. There were 2 watch-boxes at 
diagonal corners, 2 stories high, 12 feet square, with walls 
1 foot thick, each watch-box having a swivel gun, furniishrd 
by the proprietors, and so placed as to defend two sides of 
the fort. The fort was surrounded with a stockade, about 
25 or 30 feet from it, made by .setting posts, 10 or 12 inches 
in diameter, 12 feet long, perpendicularly in the ground, 
and so near together that the Indians could not pass between 
them. The fort was provided with an iron ' nine-pounder 
gun' by the State [Province], which was placed before the 
fort for the purpose of firing alarms and giving the neigh- 
boring settlements notice of the approach of Indians. The 
fort was built during the spring of 174-1, and was the only 
one ever erected in this town." 

William jNIayberry had been active and had purchased 
at his own expense one half-barrel (50 pounds) of powder, 
costing £20 9s. The proprietors, at a meeting in Marble- 
head, July 30, 1744, voted to pay Mr. Mayberry, and " that 
the said powder be put into the hands of William Mayberry, 
lie supplying the inhabitants (who want it) to the value of 
half a pound each man, and the remainder of said powder 
to be kept in the block-house for the use thereof in time of 
action, in case the same be attacked by the Indians or any 
other enemies, and no otherwise whatsoever." " Voted, 
That the present company be, and hereby are, directed, at 
the public charge of the proprietors, to purchase two swivel 
guns and send them to said township for the use of the pro- 
prietors, to be placed in the block-house for the defense 
thereof." 

The inhabitants, encouraged by such assistance on the 
part of the province and the proprietors, bestowed upon 
their fort a great amount of labor and made it a place of 
considerable .safety. The war which had been anticipated 
was declared in March, 1744, and formally communicated 
to the Governor of Massachusetts in June following.* 

The troubled and perilous condition of a frontier settle- 
ment during an Indian war can be too vividly conceived to 

* .See hi.'stor.v of tlio Indinn wars in the general part of this work. 



need much description. The savage foe would suddenly 
emerge from his hidden haunts in the forest, do his work 
of destruction and death, perhaps at the midnight hour 
while the defen.seless inhabitants were uncon.sciously sleep- 
ing, and as suddenly di.sappear in the impenetrable fa.st- 
nesses of the wilderness, beyond tlie reach of pursuit or 
discovery. All that would be heard or seen would be the 
savage yell, the gleam of the tomahawk or scalping-knife, 
the glare of the blazing brand, or the tall, naked bodies of 
the savages mingling in the liorrid slaughter, — then all 
would be silent : the enemy having disappeared as mysteri- 
ously as he came. Such well-known traits of Indian war- 
fare kept the early settlers constantly on the alert, day and 
night, to guard against surprises. When at labor in the 
field they were often obliged, in a sudden emergency, to re- 
pel an attack or make a hazardous retreat to a place of 
safety. By reason of the danger to which they were con- 
stantly exposed, they were unable to cultivate their lands 
to any advantage. They were obliged to go armed to public 
worship on the Sabbath, and usually when at work posted a 
sentinel in some con.spicuous place to keep watch. Even 
these precautions did not always prevent surprise. Indians 
lurking behind stumps or trees or hidden in the bushes would 
watch the husbandman at work in the field, and when he 
was off his guard for a moment, get between him and his 
gun. or steal it and carry it off. In short, the distressed 
people were afraid even to milk their cows, although they 
took the precaution to keep them pastured as near as pos- 
sible to the fori. Whole families were frequently shut up 
for months together in a state of wretched anxiety. This 
state of things continued till the close of the war, in 1751. 
The first outrage committed by the Indians on the in- 
habitants of Windham was on the 14th of April, 1747, 
when they took as prisoners William and Joseph Knight, 
two sons of William Knight, one of the pioneers of the 
town, who came from Manchester, Mass. They were un- 
armed and takeu by surprise at Saccarappa, but were well 
treated by the Indians and soon returned home. On the 
27th of August, following, a party of some twenty or 
thirty Indians entered the town, and made an attempt to 
capture two young men who were out of the fort, William, 
son of Thomas Bolton, and William Maxfield, who lived 
with William Mayberry. They were both well armed 
with muskets and made a brave resistance. Bolton dis- 
charged his musket upon his assailants, but before he could 
reload the Indians rushed upon him and made him a 
prisoner. Maxfield retreated, walking backwards towards 
the fort, and occasionally menacing the Indians with his 
gun, till he was rescued by a band of armed men from the 
garri.son, but not till he had been seriously, though not 
fatally, wounded by a shot from the Indians, having an 
arm broken. Bolton was carried captive to Canada, where 
he was purchased by a French naval officer, and taken on 
board a French frigate as a servant. The French frigate 
was soon after captured by an English vessel and taken to 
Boston, and Bolton became the servant of Lieut. Wallace, 
of the Engli.sh frigate. But his situation becoming known 
to the captain of a coasting vessel belonging to Falmouth, 
he was released on application to the Governor, and brought 
home to the great joy of his parents. 



TOWN OF WINDHAM. 



309 



On the 22d of August, 1750, a party of Indians sur- 
prised and captured Seth Webb, son of Samuel Webb, 
formerly of Falmouth, who settled in Windham, March 15, 
1742, making a prisoner of him and carrying him to Canada, 
whence he returned after the war. 

During the interval between this and the next war the 
settlement in Windham prospered both in its general im- 
provements and in additions to its population. 

The next war (known as the last French and Indian 
war) broke out in 1754. The inhabitants of this town 
spared no pains to put the settlement in a good state of 
defense. Three dwelling-houses were converted into gar- 
risons : Wayberry's, on home-lot No. 18; Bolton's, on 
home-lot No. 52; and Graffam's, on home-lot No. Gl. 
They had attached to them " watch-boxes" two stories 
high, and were surrounded by stockades of heavy posts 
planted in the ground. 

In February, 1756, the Indians again surprised and 
captured Joseph Knight. Having been a long time pris- 
oner among them during the preceding war, he had suflB- 
ciently learned their language to understand them, and 
became aware of their intention to attack the frontier towns 
from Brunswick to Saco, and he determined on making his 
escape and alarming the settlements. The Indians had 
taken him to the Androscoggin River, and to prevent his 
escape compelled him to sleep at night between two war- 
riors pledged to keep him securely. He watched liis oppor- 
tunity, and while they were both asleep withdrew himself 
quietly and walked away. He came to North Yarmouth, 
and there gave warning of the intentions of the Indians.* 

On the morning of May 14, 1756, Ezra Brown and 
Ephraim Winship, while on their way with a guard of four 
men and four boys to work on Brown's farm, were attacked 
by fifteen or twenty Indians, who lay concealed in a thick 
woods through which the party had to pass. Brown and 
Winship were in advance, and had entered the woods before 
the others came up. The Indians fired upon them. Brown 
was shot dead on the spot ; Winship received two bullets — 
one in the eye and the other in the arm — and fell. Both 
were immediately scalped by the Indians. Part of the 
guard, viz., Abraham Anderson, Stephen Manchester and 
two lads, Timothy Cloudman and Gershom Winship, hear- 
ing the firing, rushed on to the scene of action, determined, 
if their companions had been killed, to avenge their blood. 
The rest of the guard retreated to the fort. When the 
brave little band, encouraged by Anderson, who called out, 
" Come on, my lads," had reached their fallen companions, 
the Indians had hardly finished their bloody work, and seeing 
the white men coming they hastily concealed themselves 
behind tree.s. Poland, the noted leader of the band, was 
the first to fire from his covert, discharging his gun at 
Manchester. In his haste to reload he exposed his body 
to Manchester's sure and steady aim, and was in an instant 
shot dead. The Indians gathered around their fallen chief, 
and in a few moments two more of them were killed or 

■■■■' *' May 10. — This morning we were alarmed with young Knight, 
who escaped from the Indians three days ago, and got to North Yar- 
mouth this morning, who bring news of 12U Indians coining upon the 
frontiers, who are to spread themselves in small scouts from Bruns- 
wick to Sa.co."— Smith's Journal, p. 64. 



mortally wounded, when the rest fled from the scene, carry- 
ing witli them the body of their leader. The garrison 
being by this time alarmed, a small body of armed men 
started in pursuit. Among them was Seth Webb, who had 
been taken prisoner in the previous war. At a place called 
" The Meadows," between Canada Hill and the Westbrook 
line, they discovered an Indian carrying a quarter of beef 
on his .shoulder, and two of the party fired upon hiui. 
They did not, apparently, hit him, for he continued on his 
course, making his best possible exertions to escape with 
his plunder, which had probably been taken from a slaugh- 
tered animal belonging to the settlers. His pertinacity, 
however, cost him his life, for Seth Webb, who was an 
unerring marksman, leveled his gun upon him and brought 
him to the ground. He died of his wound the following 
night, and the next night one who had been mortally 
wounded by the other party died. Thus were the murder 
of Brown and Winship doubly avenged, for four Indians 
had perished at the hands of the whites. The death of 
Poland put an end to all trouble with the Indians in this 
quarter.^ 

REVOLUTIONART PERIOD. 

This town was among the earliest to manifest its pa- 
triotic spirit under the series of oppressions by the Brit- 
ish government which led to the final separation of the 
colonies from the mother country. A town-meeting was 
held at the meeting-house, Feb. 16, 1773, "to choose a 
committee to act on anything the town may think proper, 
in answer to a letter of correspondence sent by the town 
of Boston to this town, concerning the infringements 
which are made upon the rights and privileges that we 
ought to enjoy, and to do anything the town may think 
proper in answer to said letter." Capt. Caleb Graffam 
was chosen moderator; Thomas Mayberry, Richard May- 
berry, Z. Hunnewell, Caleb GraflTaui, Thomas Trott, Wil- 
liam Knight, and Hugh Crague were chosen a committee 
of correspondence, etc. We have not space here to insert 
the letter to the Boston committee and the series of emi- 
nently fitting and patriotic resolutions adopted by the 
meeting. They will be found in the town records. At a 
subsequent meeting, held in January, 1774, the committee 
of correspondence were instructed to answer a further 
communication from Boston, which they did in bold and 
energetic language, declaring their determination to adhere 
to and support their brethren in every measure touching 
the rights and liberties of the country. When the famous 
Cumberland County resolves were passed at Falmouth, 
Sept. 21, 1774, Zerubbabel Hunnewell, Thomas Trott, and 
David Baker were there to represent the town of Windham- 
In pursuance of the action of this convention, a meeting 
was called, Nov. 7, 1774, " to choose three oflScers to in- 
struct those who are inclined in the military art." Richard 
Mayberry was chosen captain, David Baker lieutenant, and 
Edward Anderson ensign. In March, 1775, it was voted 
that William Knight be captain for the militia of this town, 
David Baker, lieutenant, and Richard Dole ensign. 

From the commencement of hostilities to the close of 



f This engagement where Poland was slain was on lot No. 21, first 
division of hundred-acre Ms.—Smlth'a HUtmy of M'imlham. 



400 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



the war the calls upon the town for men, money, clotliing, 
and provisions were incessant. From statements furnished 
by Mr. Smith in his history, we foot up over 100 men from 
this town, called into the service as recruits and otherwise, 
not in any organized local companies. Besides these a con- 
siderable number .served for different periods, and some 
through nearly the whole of the war, in addition to those 
belonging to Capt. Mayberry's company. 

In November, 1776, Capt. Richard Mayberry, of this 
town, enlisted a company of 64 men, including officers and 
privates, into the Continental service for three years. The 
captain and eleven of the number belonged to Windham. 
They were in most of the great actions during their period 
of service, — Burgoyne's surrender, Monmouth, and Hub- 
bardstowu, where they sufiFered severely. 

In the war of 1812-14, Windham was not called upon 
to furnish any for the United States armies, the men for 
that service being raised by voluntary enlistments. But 
near the close of the war one company of militia was de- 
tached, under command of Capt. Nathan Goold, of Wind- 
ham,, mustered in at Portland, Sept. 10, 1814, and mus- 
tered out Sept. 22, 1814. The detachments were only for 
a short time and were not under fire. 

In the war with Mexico, Joseph C. Chute, Augustus 
Hall, and Charles Rand, from Windham, were in the army, 
and the last-named died in the service. 

INCORPORATION OF THE TOWN. 
The town was incorporated under the name of Windham 
(derived from the English Windham, county of Norfolk), 
June 12, 1762. At this time it contained thirty-nine fam- 
ilies. Two years later it was estimated to contain 250 in- 
habitants. Up to 1760 all the settlements had been con- 
fined to the home-lots. The first town-meeting after the 
incorporation was held at the old fort, July 5, 1762. Abra- 
ham Anderson was chosen moderator; Thomas Chute, town 
clerk ; Caleb Graffam, Thomas Mayberry, and John Farrar, 
selectmen ; and Abraham Anderson, town treasurer. We 
give below a list of the chief town officers and representa- 
tives from the incorporation to the present time : 

CIVIL LI8T. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Thomas Chute, 1762-66; Abraham Anderson, 1766-70; Richard 
Muyberry, 1770-71; Micah Walker, 1771-74; Richard Dole, 
1774-87; Edward Anderson, 1777-83 ; Richard Dole, 1783-89; 
Abraham Osgood, 1789-92; Caleb Rea, 1792-93; Richard Dole, 
1793-1804 ; Josiah Chute, 1804-5 ; John Gallison, 1805-21 ; John 
Collins, 1821-22; William Brown, 1822-23; John Eveleth, 
1823-42; William Silla, 1842-43 ; John Eveleth, 1843-45 ; Sam- 
uel Freeman, 1845-46; John Eveleth, 1840-49; Samuel Freeman, 
1849-50; John Eveleth, 1850-55; Howard C. Freeman, 1855-63; 
Peter R. Hall, 1863-65; George E. Hawkes, 1865-68; John C. 
Cobb, 1868-71; AlpheuB A. Goold, 1871-72 ; Fred. S. Hawkes, 
1872-79. 

SELECTMEN. 

1762. — Caleb Graffam, Thomas Mayberry, John Farrar. 
1763. — John Bodge, Thomas Mayberry, Abraham Anderson. 
1704. — William Knight, Caleb Grafrnm, Richard Mayberry. 
1765-66. — James Bailey, Thomas Chute, Isnac Elder. 
]767. — Curtis Chute, William Knight, Thomas Mayberry. 
1768-69. — Caleb (irafTam, Thomas Mayberry, Abraham Anderson. 
1770. — Caleb Gralfam, Hugh Crague, William Knight. 
1771._William Copprian, William Knight, William Elder. 



1772. — William Knight, William Copprian, Zebulon Hunnewell. 

1773. — Caleb Graffam, Thomas Mayberry, Richard Mayberry. 

1774.— Ichabod Hanson, Hugh Crague, Thomas Trott. 

1775-76.— Thomas Trott, Ichabod Hanson, Da.vid Baker. 

1777. — William Knight, Abraham Osgood, Diiniel Pettengill. 

1778.— Abraham Osgood, Timothy Pike, Thomas Trott. 

1779.— Timothy Pike, Paul Little, Caleb Graffam. 

1780.— Caleb Graffam, Jonathan Loveitt, Thomas Trott. 

1781. — Paul Little, Jonathan Loveitt, Edward Anderson. 

1782. — Daniel Pettengill, William Knight, Abraham Osgood. 

1783. — Gershom Rogers, Ezra Brown, Daniel Pettengill. 

1784. — Gershom Rogers, Ezra Brown, Joseph Hooper. 

1785. — Ezra Brown, David Purrington, Gershom Rogers. 

1786-87. — Edward Anderson, Ezra Brown. David Purrington. 

1788.— Josiah Chute, Ezra Brown, David Purrington. 

1789. — David Purrington, Paul Little, Joseph Hooper. 

1790. — Ezra Brown, Paul Little, David Purrington. 

1791. — Winslow Hall, Josiah Chute, Ezra Brown. 

1792-94. — David Purrington, Josiah Chute, Ezra Brown. 

1795-96. — Ezra Brown, Josiah Chute, Abraham Anderson. 

1797. — David Purrington, Ezra Brown, Thomas Crague. 

1798. — Josiah Chute, Ezra Brown, David Purrington. 

1799.— William Hall, Thomas Crague, Edward Anderson. 

1800. — Ezra Brown, Josiah Chute, Thomas Crague. 

1801.— Ezra Brown, David Purrington, Elijah Kennard. 

1802-4.— David Purrington, Paul Little, Josiah Chute. 

1805.— David Purrington, Josiah Webb, John Swett. 

1806.— David Purrington, Josi.ah Webb, John Chute. 

1807.— Josiah Chute, Ezra Brown, William Hall. 

1808.— Josiah Chute, William Hall, Noah Read. 

1809-11.— Josiah Chute, Josiah Webb, William Hall. 

1812-13.— Nathan Goold, Josiah Webb, William Hall. 

1814-15.— Nathan Goold, Stephen Hall, Josiah Chute. 

1816.— Nathan Goold, William Brown, Josiah Chute. 

1817.— Nathan Goold, William Brown, Timothy Hanson. 

1818.— Nathan Goold, William Brown, Josiah Webb. 

1819.— William Brown, Josiah Webb, Stephen Hall. 

1820.— William Brown, Joseph Staples, Stephen Hall. 

1821.— Nathan Goold, Thomas Little, Josiah Webb. 

1822. — William Brown, Ebenezer Hawkes, John Gallison. 

1823.— John Eveleth, William Brown, Ebenezer Hawkes (3d). 

1824. — William Brown, Ebenezer Hawkes (3d), Stephen Webb. 

1825. — Stephen Webb, Daniel Hall, Joseph Staples. 

1826. — William Brown, Joseph Staples, Edmund Boody. 

1827. — William Brown, Ebenezer Hawkes (3d), Timothy Hanson. 

1828. — William Brown, Elias Baker, Solomon Hawkes. 

1829. — Elias Baker, Stephen Webb, Edward Anderson. 

1830. — William Brown, Thomas Mayberry, Jr.. John Read. 

1831-32. — Thomas Mayberry, Jr., John Read, John Waterman. 

1833. — Thomas Mayberry, Jr., Elias Baker, John Webb. 

1834. — Thomas .Mayberry, Jr., Edward Anderson, James Mcintosh. 

1835. — Thomas Mayberry, Jr., Edward Anderson, Thomas Varney. 

1836. — Stephen Webb, Allen Hamblen, Asa Legrow. 

1837. — William Brown, Thomas Hawkes, Asa Legrow. 

1838. — Levi Tobie, Asa Legrow, Lewis Hardy. 

1839. — Thomas Hawkes, Levi Tobie, Lucius Whipjile. 

1840-41. — Thomas Hawkes, Lucius Whipple, William E. Brown. 

1842. — William Silla, Edward Anderson, Josiah Fogg. 

1843. — Lucius Whipple, Thomas Hawkes, Thomas L. Smith. 

1844. — Lucius Whipple, Enoch Mayberry, Thomas L. Smith. 

1845. — Lucius Whipple, Enoch Mayberry, Ezra Brown, Jr. 

1846. — Enoch Mayberry, Ezra Brown. Jr., Edward Anderson. 

1847-48. — Edward Anderson, Mark Knight, Thomas Hawkes. 

1849-50. — Ezra Brown, Jr., Samuel Freeman, David P. Baker. 

1851-53.— Thomas Mayberry, Ephraim Legrow, Thomas Hawkes. 

1854. — Thomas Hawkes, Ephraim Legrow, Edward Anderson. 

1855-56. — William Silla, Elisha Jones, Jason Hanson. 

1857. — Thomas Mayberry, Thomas L. Smith, Jason Hanson. 

1858. — Thomas Mayberry, Charles Jones, Charles Rogers. 

1859-60.— Oliver Pope, Jason Hanson, William S. Cobb. 

1861.— Samuel Freeman, William Silla, Abijah U. Purrington. 

1862. — Samuel Freeman, Abijah H. Purrington, Charles Hunnewell. 

1863-64.— Abijah H. Purrington, Charles Hunnewell, Isaiah Elder. 

1865. — William Silla, Charles Jones, Charles Rogers. 

1866.— Thomas L. Smith, William H. Smith, Andrew J. Morrill. 



TOWN OP WINDHAM. 



401 



1867-69. — Charles Jones, Charles Rogers, William M. Smith. 
1870-71.— William H. Varncy, Joshua Tukoy, William .S. Cobb. 
1872-73.— William H. Varney, Charles Jones, William M. Smith. 
1S74._B. M. B:iker, Joel Rand, Charles A. Haskell. 
1875.— Joel Rand, Charles A. Haskell, John T. Fellows. 
1876. -John T. Fellows, Urban Lowell, Charles R. Ooodell. 
lS77._Charles R. Goodell, Urban Lowell, Thomas L. Allen. 
1878.— Charles R. Goodell, Thomas L. Allen, F. H. Boody. 
1879.— Thomas L. Allen, F. H. Boody, Urban Lowell. 

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL COURT OF MASSA- 
CHUSETTS FROM 1762 TO 1820. 
1767-68, Abraham Anderson; 1797, Ezra Brown; 1803, Peter T. 

Smith; 1805-12, Josiah Chute; 1813-15, Stephen Hall; ISIG, 

Nathan Goold; 1817-20, Josiah Chute. 

TOWN PROPERTY. 

The property belonging to the town consists chiefly of a 
poor-house and farm, and of a brick town-house. The 
buildings for the accommodation of the poor are large and 
convenient, and reflect credit upon the town. The town- 
house is a building 40 by 50 feet, with walls of 13 feet 
elevation, containing a safe for the deposit of the town of 
the best construction, and convenient offices for business. 
It was erected in 1833. 

CENTENNIAL OF THE FIRST SETTLEMENT. 

On the 4th of July, 1839, was held the centennial of the 
first settlement of the town of Windham. The day was 
ushered in with an artillery salute at sunrise. At six o'clock 
a procession was formed at the hotel of James Greenough, 
under the direction of Gen. Elias Baker, chief marshal, 
and Daniel W. Dole and Ezra Brown, Esqs., assistant mar- 
shals, which, for numbers, is seldom equaled in any place. 
A large number of the old citizens of Windham came from 
a distance to pay tribute to the memory of their fathers. 
Hon. John Anderson presided, and Moses Little and Lucius 
Whipple, Esqs., officiated as vice-presidents. The occasion 
was one long to be remembered by those wiio participated 
in it. A full report of this grand celebration would occupy 
too much space to be embodied in this history, but many 
copies of it have been preserved in the excellent historical 
sketch of the town prepared by Thomas L. Smith, Esq., 
and published in 1873. 

RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS. 
CONGREGATIONAL. 
The church established by the proprietors of the town 
was of the Congregational order. The first meeting-house 
was erected in 1740. Two years elapsed before a church 
was formed and an effort made to secure a minister. At a 
meeting of the proprietors, held March 3, 1742, it was voted 
to " settle an orthodox minister as soon as may be," to pay 
him "forty-five pounds for his settlement" out of the pro- 
prietors' treasury, and " thirty pounds per annum" for his 
salary, " until the township be incorporated as a town." 
James Skinner, Nathan Brown, and Jonathan Proctor were 
chosen a committee to settle Mr. John Wight, who duly 
ordained and entered upon his labors, with a church mem- 
bership of seven persons, in September, 1743, seven pounds 
ten shillings being voted by the proprietors to pay his ordi- 
nation expenses. We give a brief summary, as follows, of 
the pastors of this church : 
51 



1. Rev. John Wight, graduated at Harvard College in 
1721 ; came from Dedhani, Mass. ; ordained Dec. 14, 1743 ; 
preached in Windham till his death, May 8, 1753, aged 
fifty-five years. 

2. Rev. Peter Thacher Smith, son of Rev. Thomas 
Smith, born in Portland, June 14, 1731 ; graduated at Har- 
vard College in 1753; ordained Sept. 22, 1762; dismissed 
Nov. 26, 1790 ; died Oct. 26, 1826, in the ninety-sixth 
year of his age, having preached twenty-eight years and 
two months. 

3. Rev. Nathaniel Stone, graduated at Harvard College 
in 1795 ; came from Provincetown, Mass.; ordained Oct. 1, 
1798; dismissed Feb. 3, 1805. 

4. Rev. A.sa Lyman, born at Lebanon, Conn., about 1777 ; 
graduated at Yale College in 1802 or 1803, installed Nov. 
3,1809; dismissed June 1, 1810; died in the State of New 
York, in 1836, aged fifty-nine years. 

5. Rev. Gardner Kellogg, installed April 25, 1811 ; con 
tinned pastor till his death, Nov. 29, 1826, aged sixty-one 
years. 

6. Rev. William Gragg, ordained Oct. 15, 1828; dis- 
missed Aug. 31, 1831. 

7. Rev. Jonathan Lee Hale, ordained Sept. 12,1832; 
continued pastor till his death, Jan. 15, 1835, aged forty- 
five years. 

8. Rev. John W. Shepard, ordained Aug. 3, 1836 ; dis- 
missed July 19, 1839. 

9. Rev. William Warren,* ordained February, 1840 ; dis- 
missed November, 1849. 

10. Rev. John Perham, ordained Jan. 21, 1851 ; dis- 
missed Sept. 19, 1854. 

11. Rev. Luther Wiswall, installed Sept. 20, 1854 ; and 
is the present pastor of the church. 

Besides the meeting-house already spoken of, erected in 
1740, two other meeting-house frames were erected in the 
south part of the town prior to 1795, but neither of them 
was ever finished, and both were subsequently taken down. 
The fourth Congregational meeting-house was erected in 
1795, and stood opposite Thomas L. Smith's dwelling-house. 
It was taken down in 1861. The first Congregational meet- 
ing-house at Windham Hill was built in 1834, and is the 
one now occupied by the society. It is a convenient, well- 
finished church, with steeple and bell, being the first bell in 
any church in Windham. 

The proceeds of the ministerial right in the town-grant 
have been converted into a fund, the income of which is 
about $225 a year, for the benefit of the church. 

friends' SOCIETV. 
The Friends' society is next to the oldest religious organ- 
ization in the town of Windham. At a town-meeting held 
October 13, 1774, it was voted to excuse eight persons of 
this society from paying the ministerial taxes, — a decidedly 
just and liberal act on the part of the people of the town. 
The Friends built their first meeting-house in 1779, estab- 

«Mr. Warren was educated at Bowdoin College, and prepared for 
the ministry at Bangor Theological Seminary. He rcecived the dc- 
crree of D.D. from Bowdoin College. During his residence in Wind- 
ham he was also engaged in teaching, and was the author of a geog- 
raphy which was extensively used in the schools of Maine. 



402 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



lished a "preparative" meeting in 171)H, a (|uartorly meet- 
ing in 1801, and a monthly meeting in 1802. Their 
present house of worsliip — a large and commodious one, 
near the centre of the town — was erected in 1849. They 
are the only society in town that has sustained a regular 
meeting from the first to the present without a suspension 
of public worship. They provide for the needs of the le.ss 
favored among them, none of their society being allowed, 
oti account of poverty or misfortune, to become chargeable 
to the town for as.si.stance or support. They had at an 
early time an academy for the instruction of youth, which 
was the only one ever established in the town. 

METHODIST CHURCH. 

The first Methodist sermon preached in Maine was at 
Saco, Sept. 10, 1793, by Elder Jesse Lee, of Virginia. 
He had been principally instrumental in forming societies 
of this order in the New England States, which he com- 
menced in Connecticut in 1789. At a conference held in 
Lynn, in 1793, this zealous disciple of Wesley was ap- 
pointed to travel through Maine. In a tour of several 
months through the State he went as far east as Castine. 
A circuit was formed on the Kennebec called " Readfield's 
Circuit," and Elder Wager was appointed preacher. He 
was no doubt the first Methodist circuit preacher in Maine. 
The Portland circuit was established in 1794, and a class 
formed there in 1795, in December of which year the first 
quarterly meeting ever held in this State assembled at Port- 
land. It was probably about this time, or soon after, that 
the Methodists built a church edifice at Windham, that 
being included in Portland circuit, although we find" it 
stated by Mr. Smith, in his history of Windham, that it 
was built in 1792. Probably Elder Wager, when he was 
on the Portland circuit in 1795-96, was the first preacher 
of Methodism in Windham. Rev. Joshua Taylor, very 
likely, preached here also after he came upon the circuit in 
1 804. At all events the early meetings here did not prosper. 
The church was abandoned, and taken down many years 
ago. They also subsequently built a meeting-house in the 
south part of the town, which was removed and used for a 
school-house. At present they have no denominational 
house of worship, but hold services in the free meeting- 
house at Windham Upper Corner. 

BAPTISTS. 

The Baptists of this town are all of the Free-Will order. 
A large society was gathered, and a meeting-house erected 
on the Little fiirm, near Malli.son Falls, in 1822, mainly 
under the ministry of Elder Clement Phinney, an able and 
popular preacher. For some time the congregations were 
large and euthu.siastic, but they ultimately dwindled away, 
worship was suspended, and the meeting-house, after re- 
maining unoccupied for several years, was taken down. A 
free meeting-house was erected in the south part of the 
town in 1870, and is occupied by the General Baptists and 
Second Adventists. 

UNIVERSALISTS. 

" Fifty years ago there was scarcely a Universalist in the 
town. At present they are more numerous than any other 
society." A Universalist society was first organized June 



8, 1840. On the 15th of that month it was voted to 
build a meeting-house forty-eight feet long, thirty-eight 
wide, with posts seventeen feet high, lo have a suitable bel- 
fry, dome, and spire. The building was accordingly erected 
that fall, and dedicated May 12, 1841. Rev. George Bates 
preached the dedicatory sermon. Rev. Leander Hussey 
was the first settled pastor. For several years after the 
church was built they had large congregations and constant 
meetings. But in process of time the meetings were sus- 
pended, and the church remained unoccupied for several 
years. In 1871 the society was revived under the preach- 
ing of Rev. S. S. Fletcher. 

There is a free meeting-house at Windham (!entre, 
erected in 1846. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

HON. WILLIAM GOOLD, 

of Windham, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, is 
emphatically a Maine man. The ancestors of both of his 
grandfathers were early settled at Kittery, in that part now 
Elliott. Only the width of the road separates the two farms, 
which are yet owned and occupied by the descendants of 
the two families. Family tradition says that two brothers 
came from England, and both settled in the vicinity of the 
Piscataqua. One of them was named Benjamin Goold. 
He was the great-great-grandfather of him whose name 
stands at the head of this sketch. He purchased his farm 
in 1717. His will names five sons and two married daugh- 
ters. The homestead he bequeathed to his son Benjamin, 
who died in 1806. He had four sons and three (married) 
daughters. Alexander, the second son, had the home farm, 
and cared for his parents. He was a soldier at the battle 
of Bunker Hill, and was on board the ship which carried 
Dr. Benjamin Franklin to France, in 1776. He was a 
military pensioner, and died about 1850, at the age of 
ninety-two ; at which time he had in the house, separate 
from all other money, all of his pension which he had 
drawn, amounting to sixteen hundred dollars. With all 
his American ancestors, he is buried in a private inclosure 
on the old farm, which is now owned by his son James. 
He was the granduncle of the present William Goold. 

Benjamin, the youngest son of the second Benjamin, and 
brother to Alexander, was born at Kittery, in 1749. At 
the age of nineteen he went to Falmouth, Me., and worked 
six years for Daniel Hall, a farmer; after which, in 1774, 
he went to Windham, and built a log hou.se on a lot of wild 
land, which he purchased with his six years' earnings and his 
scanty patrimony, and the same year he married Phoebe, 
the daughter of Nathan Noble, of New Bo.ston, now Gray, 
who was the son of John Noble, the founder of the beau- 
tiful town of New Milford, Conn., where he was born Feb. 
4, 1722. Nathan Noble served in the French war; was at 
the siege and surrender of Louisbourg, in 1745. He after- 
wards enli.sted for three years in the array of the Revolu- 
tion, in 1775, leaving his family at Gray. He was in the 
battles of Stillwater, Hubbardston, and Saratoga, where 
Gen. Burgoyne surrendered his army, Oct. 17, 1777. In 



TOWN OF WINDHAM. 



403 



this memorable battle Mr. Noble was killed by a musket- 
ball while entering the enemy's work.s. lie wa.s William 
Goold's paternal great-i;randfather, 

Benjamin Goold, the third of the name of successive 
generations, and Phoebe Noble, his wife, from their lot of 
wild land made a fruitful farm, and a frame house, yet 
standing, took the place of the one of logs. In these 
houses, within the space of seventeen years, were born to 
them five sons and two daughters, of whom none are now 
living, 

Nathan Goold, the second son of the third Benjamin, 
and his wife, Phojbe Noble, was born at their homestead in 
Windham, April 10, 1778. In 1800, being then twenty-two, 
he purchased the farm nearly opposite his father's, on which 
he spent the remainder of his busy life. His second wife, 



He died of consumption, in 182:5, aged fort3'-five. His 
widow died in 18U6, aged eighty-five. 

Nathan and Betsey (Gowen) Goold were the parents of 
William Goold, whose name and portrait heads this sketch. 
He was born at the family residence in Windiiam, April 
13, 1809. He was fourteen years old at the death of lii.s 
father, with only what education he acquired at the brief 
terms of the district school, which has been his only school- 
ing. The same year, at the age of fourteen, he commenced 
as an apprentice in a cloth- and clothing-store in Portland, 
where, during the six succeeding years, he acquired the me- 
chanical and mercantile skill requisite for the management 
of the business, in which he became a partner with his 
employer in 1830, who finally left the business to him two 
years after. In 1834, Mr. Goold married the only daugh- 




Plioto. by Conant. 



whom he married in 1807, was Betsey, the oldest child of 
James Gowen, of Westbrook, to which town he came from 
Kittery, where he was born, in 1754. His father, William 
Gowen, died in the Provincial army in Canada in 1760, 
and he was reared by his uncle and godfather, the Hon. 
James Gowen, of Kittery, who was one of the three Massa- 
chusetts Councilors from Maine from 1770 to 1774. He 
was the grandson of William Gowen, who was a freeholder 
in Kittery in 1675. Nathan Goold and his wife, Betsey 
Gowen, had two sons and one daughter ; only the sons are 
now living. He was a farmer and trader. He was elected 
chairman of the board of selectmen in 1812, and re- 
elected to that ofiBce eight successive years. He repre- 
.sented his native town in the Legislature of Massachusetts 
in 1815. He was a justice of the peace, and was a captain 
in the militia, called for the defense of Portland, in 1814. 



'j^crCeX. 



ter of his first employer, Mr. Seth Clark. He continued 
in business until 1837. when his health became impaired, 
and he left the business and removed to the home farm, 
which he had always retained. After spending seven years 
on the fariu, and having regained his health, he returned to 
the clothing business, with his brother, in Portland, to whom 
he sold out two years after, and went into the manufacture and 
sale of fur goods. -Vt the commencement of the war, in 
1861, Mr. Goold again removed to the old homestead, — to 
the same house in which he was born, built in 1775. In 
1867 he represented the district composed of Windham 
and Scarborough in the Legislature, and was elected to the 
State Senate in 1874, and re-elected the next year. He 
has always been interested in historical research, especially 
in the history of his native State, and has written several 
lengthy papers on that subject. Some of them have been pub- 



404 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



lished in the " New England Historic Genealogical Register," 
and others are in the " Archives of the Maine Historical 
Society," before which they have been read, and of which 
he is a member, elected in 1873. He is an enthusiastic and 
industrious historical student, and his initials are familiar 
to the readers of the Portland newspapers. 

Mr. Goold has four sons and three daughters, one of 
whom, Mrs. Abba Goold Woolson, the wife of Mr. Moses 
WooLson, a teacher of Concord, N. H., is well known by her 
lectures on Engli.sh literature and other subjects, and from 
her published works, the best known of which is " Women 
in American Society," published by Roberts Brothers, of 
Boston, in 1873. She was one year employed as essayist 
on the Boston Journal. One daughter is the wife of 
Mr. George H. Harding, of Windham, and the youngest 
has been five years a teacher in the public schools of Port- 
land. Of the sons, the two oldest are watchmakers in Bos- 
ton and Portland ; the third is a book-keeper at the Portland 
Locomotive Works, in whose employ, as machinist and book- 
keeper, he has been fifteen years. The youngest is a sales- 
man in a Portland clothing-store. During the second year 
of the Rebellion the oldest son left his watch-making, and 
enlisted on board the steam sloop-of-war " Housatonic" with- 
out bounty, and served fifteen months on the Charleston 
blockade, where he was often under fire on shipboard and 
in armed boat service. After his discharge he volunteered 
in the disastrous night boat attack on Fort Sumter. At 
the expiration of his term of service he resumed the watch 
business. The family are Episcopalians. 

The Arms of Goold are thus recorded in the Herald's 
OflSce, London : " Per Saltire or and az a Lion Rampt, 
Counterchanged. Crest on a Mount vert an Ermine pas- 
sant proper." Motto, " Dum Spiro Spero." 



THOMAS LAURENS SMITH 

was born in Windham, Cumberland Co., Me., Nov. 3, 
1797. He descends (the fourth generation) from the Rev. 
Thomas Smith, who was the first regularly ordained minis- 
ter in Falmouth (now Portland), and who was born in 
Boston, March 10, 1702, a memoir of whose life was pub- 
lished in Portland, by William Willis, in 1849. He mar- 
ried, Sept. 12, 1728, Sarah Tyng, by whom he had eight 
children. The Rev. Peter Thacher Smith (grandfather to 
Thomas L.) was their second child. He was born in Port- 
land, June 14, 1731 ; graduated from Harvard College 
1753, and settled as pastor of the Congregational Church 
at Windham, Sept. 22, 1762, their .second pastor, the 
Rev. John Wight being the first. He was twice married. 
His first wife, by whom he had all his children, eleven in 
number, was Elizabeth Wendell, of Boston, to whom he was 
married Oct. 8, 1765. 

Thomas Smith, their fourth child, and father to Thomas 
L., was born in Windham, Oct. 2, 1770. Married Mary 
Barker, by whom he had four children, viz., Tyng, liliza 
Wendell, Thomas L., and Mary Ann, all deceased except 
Thomas L. His father died Feb. 27, 1802; his mother, 
Jan. 12, 1846. After the death of his father, Mr. Smith 
went to live with his uncle, John Tyng Smith, in Gorham, 



where he remained eight years. He subsequently learned 
of his brother, Tyng, the clothier's trade, and followed it 
for seven years in the town of Westbrook. His education 
was limited to the common schools of Gorham and Wind- 
ham. With the exception of three years in which, from 
1832 to 1835, he was engaged in the lumber trade in the 




Photo, by Lamion. 

town of Standish, Mr. Smith, since his marriage, has 
lived and carried on a farm in the town of Windham, and 
since 1835 on the same place where he still lives. He 
married, March 18, 1821, Eliza Chamberlain, daughter of 
Joseph and Abigail Chamberlain. Mrs. Smith was born 
Aug. 3, 1801. They have had five children, viz., Mary 
Ann, born Dec. 10, 1823, died in Natick, Mass., Oct. 26, 
1867; Edward Tyng, born Feb. 26, 1826, married Eliza 
Marston, of North Yarmouth ; is a carriage manufacturer at 
Little Falls, South Windham ; Wendell Thomas, born July 
17, 1835, a private in Company F, 1st Maine Cavalry, 
died on David's Island, N. Y., while in service, July 21, 
1864; Frances Elizabeth, born Aug. 23, 1837, living at 
home; Eliza Wendell, born May 26, 1842, wife of G. C. 
Hathaway, of Natick, Mass. 

In politics, Mr. Smith has been identified with the Whig 
and Republican parties. In religion he has entertained 
Universalist views. He has filled the oflBce of justice of 
the peace, in Windham, from 1823 to 1874. A longer 
continued term of office will be hard to find. He has 
filled at difi"erent times the offices of town treasurer, town 
agent, selectman, and superintendent of the town school 
committee. In 1829 he was elected county coroner; in 
1830, deputy sheriflF. He was president of the first tem- 
perance society in Windham. In 1861 he was elected 
representative for Windham and Scarborough. In 1874 he 
was elected trial justice, which position he still holds. In 
1873 he published a history of Windham. Having been 
a resident of the town twenty-three years, while it was a 




rtioto. I'j- Kiiubai:, Augusta. 




IIICIIARD JIAYIJEKRY. 



Photo, by I-inisoii, I'orll^m.l 



'&m(L Jc P^/ac/t 





riioto. !)>' Laiiigoii, rorllnml. 



■::^y':7§!'^^^^ 




,,yU, 



I'lioto. by loMiint, I'orllan.l. 



//v>^ Cc 



TOWN OF WINDHAM. 



409 



part of the province of Massachusetts, and for more than a 
half-century after the province had become the State of 
Maine, and having filled nearly every oflBce within the gift 
of its people, 3Ir. Smith could fittingly appropriate to him- 
self the language of ^neas of old : " . . . quaeque ipse 
. . . vidi, et quorum pars magna fui." 



RICHARD MAYBERRY 

was born in Windham, Cumberland Co., Me., May 19, 
1814. William Mayberry, the second settler in the town 
of Windham, had three sons, — Thomas, Richard, and John. 
William Mayberry, the only son of the latter, was Richard's 
grandfather. Josiah Mayberry, his father, was the youngest 
of si.x sous, and the youngest but one in a family of nine 
children. He married Eunice Miller for his first wife, by 
whom he had five children, of whom Richard was the 
youngest, and the only one now living. In 1820 the family 
moved from the old homestead, in South Windham, and 
settled on the Presumpscot River road, in that part of 
Windham known as the Mayberry neighborhood, in which 
locality Mr. Mayberry has ever since lived. Farming has 
been his life-long occupation. His education was received 
in the common schools of Windham. He was married, 
March 30, 1842, to Mary Jane Mayberry, dauglitcr of 
Thomas and Mary Mayberry, of Windham. Mrs. May- 
berry was born Jan. 9, 1821. They have had four children, 
viz.: Almeda Ellen, born Dec. 14, 1848. Mary Abby, 
born Aug. 30, 1852; married, Jan. 1, 1874, to John 
C. Mayberry ; they have two children, — Mabel May, and 
Richard Lcroy. Francis Newhall, born Oct. 22, 1857. 
Fred. Eugene, born April 27, 18G5. 

In politics, Mr. Mayberry was a Democrat until the for- 
mation of the Republican party, since which time he has 
been identified with that parly. He was elected represen- 
tative for the town of Windham in 1872, serving in the 
Legislature of 1873. 

A thorough farmer, a good citizen, of a genial, social dis- 
position, Mr. Mayberry well deserves the esteem in which 
he is held by the community in which he has always lived. 



D. P. B. PRIDE. 

This gentleman was born in Windham, April 22, 1852, 
the second child of Edmund B. and Hannah M. (Baker) 
Pride. His father was born in the town of Cumberland, 
and was a sea-captain for twelve years. After his marriage 
he settled on a farm in Cumberland. In 1850 he moved 
to North Windham, where he has since carried on farming. 
Their children are Frank 0., D. P. B., and Lizzie M. 
The eldest was born in Cumberland, married Abbie Hunt, 
and has one child, Leoniel Hersey. He is superintendent of 
the North Windham Manufacturing Company. D. P. B. 
Pride received his education in the common schools of 
Windham, with two years and a half at Westbrook Sem- 
inary, from which he graduated in 1869. He .subse((uently 
pursued a classical course, under the instruction of Professor 
James Furbish, of Portland, for two and a half years. 
Studied law for the same period in the office of Howard & 
Cleaves, Portland ; was admitted to the bar Dec. 12, 1873 ; 



opened a law-office at North Windham, in 1874, and has 
practiced his profession there since. Mr. Pride is a Re- 
publican in politics, and takes an active part in political 
campaigns. In religion he is a Universalist in sentiment. 

He is a prominent member of the order of Good Tem- 
plars, and is at the head of that organization of the Cumber- 
land district. 

In June, 1873, he was elected first lieutenant of Com- 
pany A, 1st Regiment Maine Volunteer Militia. 



GEORGE T. PRATT 

was born in the town of Yarmouth, Cumberland Co., Me., 
July 23, 1847, the fourth child of Thomas and Mary 
(Bucknam) Pratt. His father followed lumbering and 
farming, and lived and died in Yarmouth. His mother is 
still living at the old homestead there. George T. lived at 
home until he was twenty-one years of age. He received 
his education in the common schools of his native town. 
Though brought up on a farm, he early showed a prefer- 
ence for mechanical pursuits, possessing almost an intuitive 
knowledge of machinery. Following this natural bent of 
his mind, when of age he left the farm and engaged in the 
paper-mill of Dennison & Brown at Yarmouth, where he 
remained till the mil! burned in 1871. He was next em- 
ployed in the paper-mill of L. L. Brown & Co., at South 
Adams, Mass. In 1875 he was employed in setting up and 
running the paper-board mill of Pollard & Gray, at East 
Dover, Me. He also started a mill of the same kind at 
South Paris. He next took charge of a wood-pulp mill on 
the Presumpscot River, in North Gorham. In the fall of 
1876 he was employed as superintendent of the Sebago 
Wood Board Company's works, situated at Little Falls, on 
the Presumpscot River, in South Windham, which position 
he still holds. 

Mr. Pratt in whatever position he has occupied has shown 
himself a thorough master of the situation. Of strictly 
temperate habits, using neither tobacco nor ardent spirits in 
any form, thoroughly self-reliant, he has always enjoyed in 
the fullest measure the confidence of his employers and the 
respect of all who have known him. 



J. M. WHITE. 



His grandfather, Peter, born in Dedham, Mass., in 1748, 
removed from Buckfield to Standish, in 1788. Married 
Alice Wescott, of Westbrook. She was born in 1752, and 
died Oct. 7, 1812. He died June 2, 1804. Their children 
were Peter. "Mary W., wife of John Trickey, born Nov. 11, 
1776 ; died June, 1817. Annie W., wife of Abraham 
Nabery. Elder Joseph White. Captain John White, 
born 1784; died April 4, 1838. Captain Mark White, born 
January, 1781 ; died December, 1832. Solomon White, 
born January, 1792; died 1817. Nathaniel White, born 
March, 1798; died Jan. 31, 1853. 

His father, Capl. John White, married, in 1819, Huldah, 
daughter of Eben and Sarah H. Morrill, of Windham. 
She was the daughter of Elijah Hanson, one of the first 
settlers in Windham, and was born Dec. 19, 1790, and 
died Jan. 15, 1879. Their children are Ann W., born 



40G 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Aug. 5, 1820. John M., born May 19, 1828. Ellen, born 
Sept. 29, 1830. These children were born at Great Falls, 
Windham, in the same house, now the residence of and 
owned by J. M. White. This homestead was purchased 
by Capt. John White from the heirs of John Trickey, in 
1832, and had been deeded to John Trickey by Zebulon 
Trickey, in 1800, and deeded to him by Samuel Sewell, 
of Marblehead. 



ALLEY HAWKES 



was born in Windham, Cumberland Co., Me., Dec. 3, 1809. 
The first progenitor of the family in this country was Adam 
Hawkes, who, at the age of twenty-two, with seventeen 
hundred emigrants, under Governor John Winthrop, in a 
fleet of eleven vessels, landed at Salem, Ma.ss., June 12, 
1630. 

He built a log house in the town of Saugus, on the 
Saugus River, on an eminence which has always borne the 
name of " Close Hill." This house was subsequently 
burned in midwinter, the family barely escaping with their 
lives. One of the bricks brought from England and used 
in the construction of the chimney was shown the writer by 
a son of Mr. Hawkes. 

The line of descent is as follows: (Ij Adam Hawkes, 
(2) John Hawkes, (3) Ebenezer Hawkes, Sr., (4j Ebenezer 
Hawkes, Jr., (5) James Hawkes, (6) James Hawkes, (7) 
Alley Hawkes. 

In 1712, Ebenezer Hawkes, Sr., moved to Marblehead, 
Mass., and was one of the committee appointed to locate 
and survey the town of New Marblehead (now Windham), 
and though he never moved there, he was one of its most 
active proprietors. He was on the committee to build a 
bridge over the Presumpscot River, at Horse-beef (now 
Mallison) Falls, in 1735, and in company with three others 
built a saw-mill there. He died in 1760. 

His son, Ebenezer, Jr., had four sons: Amos, Ebenezer, 
Nathaniel, and James. The latter (grandfather of Alley 
Hawkesj was twice married. By his first wife he had one 
son and two daughters. James Hawkes, the .son, married 
Rebecca Robinson, by whom he had seven children, viz.: 
Samuel, Solomon, Betsey, Daniel, Lydia, James, and Alley ; 
all deceased, except Betsey, James, and Alley. The father 
built and carried on a carding-miil at Duck Pond, and also 
dealt in ship-timber. He was for a number of years en- 
gaged in the grocery trade, at Windham Hill, in company 
with his eldest son. 

Alley Hawkes lived at home until twenty years of age. 
His education was limited to the common schools of Wind- 
ham. He learned the shoemaker's trade of Joshua L. 
Brown, of Great Falls. Working for other parlies for about 
three years, in 1833 he bought out his employers, Messrs. 
Reed & Hawkes, and carried on the shoemaking business 
until 1845. In the same year he purchased of William 
Goold the store at the corner of Windham Centre, which 
he still occupies as a grocery store. Mr. Hawkes married, 
Feb. 28, 1838, Charlotte, daughter of Abraham Mayberry, 
of Slandish. His wife died Oct. 28, 1842. He again 
married, Oct. 18, 1843, Ann Louisa, daughter of James II. 



Morris. Mrs. Hawkes was born in Scarborough, Oct. 4, 
1822. They have had three children, viz.: William A., 
deceased ; Fred S., in trade wiljh his father at Windham 
Centre ; he has been town clerk for eight years, and town 
treasurer for three years ; and Frank N., at home. Mr. 
Hawkes, with the exception of the short time named above 
at Gorham, has been a life-long resident of Windham. His 
present residence at the centre of the town was formerly 
known as the Hansen Tavern stand, and was kept as a 
public-house for nearly a century. In politics Mr. Hawkes 
is a Republican. He has been postmaster at the Centre 
.since 1872. 



DR. B. F. DUNN 

was born in the town of Oxford, county of Androscoggin. 
Me., Jan. 9, 1844, the fourth child of James and Ruth 
(Strout) Dunn. The family are of Scotch descent. His 
father was a native of Poland, Me., and is a farmer by oc- 
cupation. There were eight children in his father's family, 
five sons and three daughters, all but one living. His 
mother died in August, 1803, at East Poland. The doc- 
tor's early years were spent on the farm at home. He at- 
tended the high school at Minot Corner, town of Minot; 
several terms at Edward Little Institute, at Auburn, War- 
ren T. Webster, Principal ; and two years at the Maine 
Wesleyan Seminary, at Kent's Hill, in the town of Read- 
field. At the age of eighteen he enlisted as a private in 
Company G, Twenty-third Maine, a nine months' regi- 
ment; was honorably discharged at the end of term of ser- 
vice. He taught two terms of school at West Poland, and 
for a time at the State Reform School. He commenced 
the study of medicine in the office of Dr. Hersey, of Ox- 
ford, with whom he remained six mouths. For the next 
two years and a half he studied with Dr. S. C. Gordon, of 
Portland, Me. His first course of lectures was at Bowdoin 
Medical College; his second course, at the Harvard Medical 
College ; his third, at Bowdoin, from which ho took his di- 
ploma, June, 1868. He temporarily opened an office with 
his old preceptor in Portland, where he remained four 
months. His next practice was in the town of Harrison, 
where he remained one year. He opened an office at Wind- 
ham Hill in the fall of 1869, and has remained here since, 
and has built up a large practice in the town of Windham 
and vicinity. The doctor married, Jan. 9, 1869, Clara A. 
Towle, daughter of Lorenzo and Harriet Towle, of West- 
brook. Mrs. Dunn was born in Westbrook, Feb. 13, 1843. 
In politics the doctor is Republican. Both the doctor and 
Mrs. Dunn are members of the First Congregational Church 
of Windham. 



CHARLES ROGERS 

was born in Windham, Cumberland Co., Me., May 12, 
1826, the eldest child of Isaiah and Lydia (Gray) Rogers. 
Gershom Rogers, who was .selectman of Windham in 1783 
and 1784, was his great-grandfather. His grandfather, 
Isaac Rogers, and his father, Isaiah, were born in North 
Windham, on the place now owned by Lewis Libby. They 





■^^Xv ^V-"^ 



I'lmti). by Coiiarit. 



tf44,-^l.^ J^.^ 



Photu. by Lanisou. 



/ 





IMiutcs. Ii) l,aliis,,li, P.irtliiliil. 



.\IJ,?;V HAWKES. 



/a/^/ ^l cj.^--^ 



TOWN OF YAKMOUTH. 



407 



were farmers. His mother was the dauiihtcr of James and 
Ljdia Gray, of the town of Standish. 

There were in his fatlier's family cijrlit children, viz. : 
Charles, Marshall, Orin N., Cummings, Sarah K., Annette, 
Isaac R., and Albert T., all living except Marshall and 
Orin N. His fether died Nov. 20, 1878 ; his mother, Dec. 
3, 1878. Mr. Rogers lived at home till he was eight years 
of age ; he then went to live with his uncle, Daniel Rogers, 
and remained till he was twenty-one years of age. His 
education was received in the common schools of Wind- 
ham. For four years after his majority he worked at lum- 
bering on the Northwest River, Sebago. In 1851 he 
returned to Windham, where, in company with Charles and 
J. A. Parsons, he purchased what is known as the Narrows 
Mills. In 1859 he sold his interest in the mill, and in the 
spring of 1860 engaged in mercantile trade in North 
Windham. In 1861 he also engaged in the manufacture 
of clothing. In 1875 he became again interested in the 
lumber business, as a partner in the North Windham Man- 
ufacturing Company, building a new mill on the site of 
the old Narrows Mills. These several interests he still 
retains. 

He married, May 27, 1853, Rebecca Knight, daughter 
of Reuben and Sarah (Rogers) Knight. Mrs. Rogers was 
born in Windham, Sept. 17, 1829. They have had four 
children, as follows; Orin N., born June 23, 1854, died 
May 24, 1855; L. Ella, born May 23, 1856; Charles D., 
born Jan. 16, 1859, died April 16, 1862; Hattie P., born 
April 26, 1862. 

In politics Mr. Rogers was first a Whig, and a Republi- 
can since the formation of the party. He was selectman 
in 1865, 1867, 1868, and 1869; representative in 1874- 
75 ; town agent in 1878-79 ; and trial justice since 1872. 



BENJAMIN M. BAKER 

was born in Windham, Cumberland Co., Me., Oct. 23, 
1817, the eldest child of Elias and Margaret (Morrill) 



Baker. His grandfatlicr, Josiah Baker, born in Falmouth, 
July 5, 1761. married lOlizabeth Legrow, Nov. 13, 1783. 
Soon after his marriage he settled in East Windham, where 
all of his children, seven in number, were born. He died 
Oct. 24, 1829. 

Gen. Elias Baker, his father, represented the town in the 
Legislature two years, and was selectman a number of years. 
He died Marcii 8, 1872. His mother is still living, at the 
advanced age of eighty-seven years, with her son, Benjamin 
M. Their children were Benjamin M., David P., Han- 
nah M., and Elizabeth L. David P. is deceased. 

Mr. Baker lived on the place where he was born, now 
owned by John L. Morrill, till January, 1857, when he 
moved on to the farm in East Windham where he now 
resides. His education was limited to the common schools 
of Windham. He married, June 21, 1840, Hannah A. 
Baker, daughter of Benjamin and Mary Baker. Mrs. 
Baker was born in Windham. Sept. 28, 1818. They have 
had nine children, viz.: Cordelia J., born Dec. 26, 1841 ; 
wife of Jo.seph E. Maxfield ; they have three children, 
Ina B., Mabel, and Herold Blinn. Ann Mary, born April 
21, 1843, wife of Rufus A. Maxfield, brother of Joseph E. ; 
one child, Iva N. Elias L., born Jan. 11, 1847, died July 
8, 1854. Ella L., born Dec. 25, 1848, wife of Calvin 
Morrill. Margaret V., born April 3, 1851. Frank P., 
born Oct. 3, 1854. Elias L., born Dec. 2, 1855. Lizzie 
B., born March 10, 1857, died May 14, 1863. Eugene B., 
born Dec. 9, 1862. 

In politics Mr. Baker has been a life-long Democrat, and 
is one of the leading men of that party in the town of 
Windham. He has been called to fill various offices of 
public tru.st. Was deputy sheriff from 1848 to 1856; 
coroner from 1852 to 1856; representative in 1865 and 
1872; selectman in 1874; and State senator in 1876. 

In the discharge of all public duties, and as a private 
citizen, 3Ir. Baker has always commanded the respect of 
the entire community in which his whole life has been 
spent. 



YARMOUTH. 



INCORPORATION AND BOUNDARIES. 
The town of Yarmouth was incorporated Aug. 8, 1849, 
and comprised the southern half of the town of North 
Yarmouth. It is bounded on the north by North Yar- 
mouth, on the east by Pownal and Freeport, on the south 
by Casco Bay, and on the west by Cumberland. It com- 
prises the greater portion of the early settlements formerly 
called Wescustogo, and taken possession of by Walter 
Gendall, George Pearson, and Lieut. Anthony Brackett, 
under an order issued July 13, 1681, by Hon. Thomas 
Danforth. The islands belonging to the town are Cousins', 
Little Johns, Great and Little Moges, Lane's, and Crab 
Islands. Royall's River, passing to the southward through 



the centre of the town, furnishes throe magnificent water- 
powers, 500 yards apart, the lower of which is at the head 
of steamboat navigation. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 
The beautiful bay, abounding with fish and fowl, dotted 
with verdant islands, the bountiful supply of timber upon 
its shores, and the immense profits of trade witii the Indians, 
were allurements not to be resisted by the hardy sons of 
the Pilgrim Fathers of New England. The extensive mud 
flats along the shores abounded in clams, the shells of which 
had accumulated in immense heaps through many genera- 
tions of the red men. 



408 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



In 1629, William Royall, a clcavev of timber, came froiu 
England, and settled in 1636 between Cnusin Kiver and 
the stream beavinn; bis name. He purchased a tract of land 
here of Thomas Gorges, in 1643. In 1637, John Cousins 
bought of him and moved on to the land between the two 
branches of Cousin River, afterwards occupied by Mr. Lane. 
In 1645 he became the owner of Cousin.s' Island. In 1647, 
Richard Bray purchased of Mr. Cousins one-half of his 
island, and with William Wise settled thereon. Richard 
Carter, Sr., settled on the Foreside.* In 1652 he sold 
" his sixty acres of lands, with fenced fields," to John Mayne 
(or Maine), from whom the western end took the name of 
Maine's Point. Hugh Mosier settled on Mosier's Island in 
1647 ; Nicholas White came the same year. John Holman 
settled on Prince's Point, near Mr. Mayne. In 1658 a fort 
or stronghold was erected on Mr. Royall's place, a saw- 
mill was built at the lower falls by Henry Saward, and a 
grist-mill partially completed. 

George Felt, Francis Neal, and Jenk Williams bought a 
large tract of land from some Indians, but were opposed by 
other Indians, who claimed that the first had no title to the 
land, which was theirs. 

Thomas Blashfield settled in that part of the town now 
Freeport, and Benjamin Larraboe on the old " Staples farm." 

Great care was exercised in selecting defensive localities 
for dwellings. Every man's house was his castle. Forts 
or strongholds of timbers were erected singly, if alone ; while 
near neighbors joined in a more substantial place of retreat 
and defense against Indian incursions, and in this one of 
the families lived. 

In June, 1675, the Indians began a war of extermina- 
tion against the settlers, who were fast encroaching upon 
their favorite fishing-grounds. Lane's Island had been 
their council-ground, and its western end their burial-place. 
Another burial-place was at Maine's Point. The large 
piles of shells and many stone implements scattered over 
these flats attest their long occupancy. James Lane was 
killed. Two of the sons of a Mr. Hazelton, who had re- 
cently bought the remaining half of Cousins' Island, were 
killed while hunting their cows in the woods. The panic- 
stricken settlers abandoned their homes in haste. Royall's 
fort was destroyed, the mills burned, and the dwellings 
and improvements destroyed. After three years peace was 
made, and the inhabitants returned to their desolate homes. 
September, 1680, the name was changed to North Yar- 
mouth. A committee, appointed by Governor Danforth to 
determine the most defensible place for laying out a town, 
fixed upon the neck or flat south of Royall's River, for- 
merly occupied by John Maine and Jolin Holman, and 
comprising all the lands south of the Meeting-House Ledge. 
The former owners were awarded lands elsewhere in ex- 
change for their old titles, on condition of actual settle- 
ment. The mill was rebuilt by Capt. Gendall. Capt. 
Walter Gendall (of Cumberland), Lieut. Anthony Brackett, 
and George Pearson, surveyor, — committee, — measured and 
staked out a stjuare of 10 acres of the plains laud ou the flat 
below for a meeting-house, minister's house, market-place, 
school, and burial-plat, surrounded by a street four rods wide. 

* Fureside, — the local name njiplicd to the peninsula extending into 
Casco Bay. 



The outer side of the street was laid out in dwelling-house 
lots, five on each .side, eight rods front and ten rods deep. 
A common field, comprising 6 acres for each house-lot, was 
al.so laid out. Each inhabitant was required to build a 
dwelling-house upon his lot within one year's time, under 
penalty of forfeiture of his lot and 40s. fine, unless the 
committee saw fit to release the fine only. 

June 28, 1684, John York, .John Royall,t John Harris, 
and Capt. Walter Gendall were appointed trustees and com- 
mittee, — any two of whom, with the selectmen of the town, 
might grant lands. 

At a meeting, held at the house of Thomas Blashfell 
Feb. 24, 1685, the committee declared themselves empow- 
ered to deed a grant of land to every man who was an in- 
habitant of the town. John Royall, William Ashfell, 
Isaac Larrabee, and Roger Edwards each received 1 acres 
of land and 4 acres of marsh ; and Nov. 15th, Henry 
Coombs, Samuel Larrabee, and John Harris, each 10 acres 
of land and 4 acres of marsh, on the west side of Royall's 
River and along the shore. 

By 1686, 36 families were settled along the shores of 
North Yarmouth, most of whom were in the present town 
of Yarmouth. 

In July, 1686, an Indian named Joseph was arrested by 
Constable Henry Coombs, for abusing the Lanes in (now) 
Freeport. He plead drunkenness, having had " eight 
quarts of rum of John Royall the day before, and four 
this day !" Mr. Royall denied selling to him, J and testi- 
fied to his previous bad conduct. The Indian was fined, 
and Mr. Royall remanded to Boston, to appear before the 
Governor. 

The Indians were soon engaged in a general war. 
William Scales was killed and his family taken captive. 
.John Royall was taken prisoner. 

A number of Indians met the whites at Royall's River, 
as they were going from the Royall garrison near the west 
end of the lower bridge to their work upon a stockade on 
the east bank in the morning. They were impudent, and 
one of them finally pushed one of the Larrabees, who in- 
stantly shot him dead. Another Indian who attempted to 
interfere was cut down by a broad-axe in the hands of 
Benedict Pulsifer. The fight then became general. The 
whites, inferior in numbers, retreated below the bank of 
the river. The garrison, perceiving that their ammunition 
was about exhausted, Capt. Gendall went in a boat with an 
attendant to supply them. As the boat neared the shore 
the savages fired. Throwing the ammunition to the shore, 
he exclaimed, " I have lost my life in your service I" and 
fell dead in the boat. William Harris was captured, but 
escaped. John Royall was taken prisoner. A garrison 
was established in his house by Col. Tyng, but two months 
later we find Mrs. Ijoyall petitioning the Governor for good 
soldiers. William Scales was killed, and his family taken 
away. The mills were again burned, and the inhabitants 
of Lane's Island butchered. Their bodies were found. 



t This name was also spelled Rial, Ryall, and Riall, in the early 
records. He made his mark, to official papers, thus: "John K. 
Ryal." 

t Mr. Royall wiis an Indiiin trader. At this time aline of 20». 
was exacted for each j)int of into.xivating drink .sold to :in Indian. 





JAMES BATES, M.D. 



JAMES BATES, M.P., 

was the eldest son of Solomon Bates and Mary Macomber, and was born in 
the town of Greene, County of Lincoln (now Kennebec), District of Maine. 
Sept. 24, 1789. At the age of seven his father moved to Fayette, in same 
county, where the subject of this sketch remained till he became of age, ac- 
quiring in the mean time a common education, such as the times afforded. 

At the age of twenty-one he began the study of medicine, as the pupil 
of Dr. Charles Smith, of Fayette, and Dr. Ariel Mann, of llallowell. Me., 
the latter one of the most accomplished physicians and surgeons which 
Maine has ever possessed. After attending the usual course of medical 
instruction at Harvard Medical University at Boston, he was appointed 
''surgeon's-mate" of Col. Denny McCobb's regiment of volunteer infantry 
in I8i;^. In 1S14 he was appointed "hospital surgeon*s-mate," served on 
the Niagara frontier until the close of the war in Gen. (then Col.) Winfield 
Scott's brigade; was present at the surrender of Fort Eric, and at the bat- 
tles of Chippewa and Bridgewater. At the close of the war, in 1815, he 
was left in charge of the general military hospital near Buffalo, with seven 
hundred sick and wounded, and was the ranking medical officer at that 
time remaining in the service. He left the army in May, 1815, and entered 
into a copartnership with his former preceptor, Dr. Mann, of Hallowell, 
Me., for the practice of his profession. 

On the 27th of July, 1815, he married Mary Jones, daughter of Capt. 
Sylvester Jones, of Fayette, with whom he lived happily for sixty years, 
and by whom he had five children, two sons and three daughters. One son, 
James M. Bates, M.D., and one daughter, Mrs. William Jewell, for many 
years a resident of Bangor, now of Berlin, N. II., are still living. His 
oldest daughter, Mary A. C. married Edward C. Selden, of Norridgewock, 
Me., and died in April, 1847. His second daughter, Lydia C. J., married 
James B. Faru?worth, son of Judge Drummond Farnsworth, of Norridge- 
wock, Me., and <lied in January, I860, at Tomah, Wis. His oldest son, 
Charles A., married Margaret Farnsworth, sister of James B., who died in 
1845 ; and he married, for his second wife, Ellen A. Drew, since deceased. 
Charles A. himself died since the war of the Rebellion, in which he served 
as captain. 

In 1819 he removed from Hallowell to Norridgewock, Somerset Co., Me., 
where for twenty-six years he was engaged in an extensive practice of 
medicine and surgery, which included several counties of the State. Has 
performed what are termed capital operations in surgery in ten of the six- 
teen counties. In ISSQ was elected a member of the Thirty-second Congress, 
representing the counties of Somerset, Penobscot, and Piscataquis. In 
1845 was appointed superintendent of the Maine Insane Hospital, at 
Augusta, in which capacity he served six years, until that institution was 
destioi,-ed by tire, when he was commissioned by the (Jovernor to visit all 
the publit^ institutions of note as far south as Virginia, with a view to 
obtain information as to the best modes of heating and ventilating, pre- 
paratory to rebuilding the hospital. He made an elaborate report on his 
return, containing much valuable material, which was made use of by the 
State. 

Next, after spending one year in Gardiner, Me., he removed to the town 
of Fairfield, where he entered into practice, and remained until 1858, when 
at the solicitation of many citizens of Yarmouth, Cumberland Co., Me., he 
removed to that town, where he was for ten years or more engaged in the 
active duties of his profession, and where he now lives in retirement, after 
fifty-five years of professional duty, at the age of ninety, in the full enjoy- 
ment of his mental faculties. 

He is a man of strong points of character, always holding a leading 
position and influence in the communities in which he has lived. He 
has always felt a strong interest in agriculture and horticulture, and for 
many years, while living at Norridgewock, cultivated and beautified an 
extensive farm, and was a large stock-raiser. In those years delivered 
many addresses at county and State fairs, being actively engaged in pro- 
moting the interests of agriculture throughout the State. Has been con- 
nected with the Masonic order since 1817, and was one of the charter mem- 



"^^Z^-i^x-^-ti^ 



^^^ 



.^-^.,-x^- 



^c-^^.-^ 



bers in organizing Somerset Lodge of F. and A. M., in 182(1, at Norridgewock. 
of which he was for several years Master. Has been a member' of the 
Congregational Society for more than fifty years, and for the last twenty a 
member of the Central Congregational Church at Yarmouth. The mo.n 
important and interesting fact in connection with this biogr.aphical sketch 
is, that whatever record he has made during his long and eventful life has 
been the result of an inherent force of character, and in spite of extremely 
limited early advantages. Burn and reared in the wilds of .Maine, his 
character acquired a vigor which enabled him to emountcr tbe battle of 
life vigorously, manfully, and successfully. 



J.\MES M. BATES, M.D., 
youngest son of James and Mary Biites, was born in Norridgewock, Somer- 
set Co., Me., May 31, 1827, where his boyhood days were passed, a large 
part of the time at school, with exception of two years or so at Watcrvillc 
Institute, pursuing academical studies. 

In 1845 his father, being appointed superintendent of the State Insane 
Asylum, moved to Augusta, where the son continued his studies, and en- 
gaged somewhat in teaching, until in 1S4S he began the study of meilicine 
and was a pupil of his father and Dr. H. K. Hill, of Augusta. In lSl'J-5(t 
.attended the Medical School of Maine at Brunswick, and in 1851 completed 
his medical course at Philadelphia, where he graduated in March, 1861, at 
the .Tefferson Medical College. 

Began ])racticc in Kennebec County, where be remained eight years, tlie 
last five of which at Sidney, doing an e-vtensivc business, where in Octo.icr, 
1855, he married Miss H. Ann II. Sawtelle, daughter of Calvin Sawtclle: 
wife still living. Has had four children; three still living, as follows: 
Edward C. has followed the sea for three years — foreign voyages, now in 
Euro])e, aged twenty-one ; George F., now a member of the sophomore 
class in Bowdoin College, aged nineteen; and Hattie L., aged nine. Their 
oldest child, Lottie M. C, died July 3, 1808, aged eleven. 

He removed to Yarmouth, Cumberland Co., in August. 1859, and engageil 
in the practice of medicine and surgery, in company with his father, until 
the breaking out of the Kebellion in 18G1, when, after passing an examination 
before the State Medical E.xamining Board, he was commissioned by Gov- 
ernor Washburn surgeon of the i:ith Kegiuient Maine Infantry Volunteers, 
Dec. 5, 1861, with which regiment he served in that capacity throughout 
its whole term of three years' service, — going to Gulf of Mexico with the 
Butler E.xpedition : thence up the Mississippi to the •' Forts" and New 
Orleans; thence in the Banks E.xpedition to Te.xas, and in 1804 in the 
lied River E.xpedition ; thence north to Washington, and into Maryland, 
joining Sheridan's forces in the Shenandoah Valley, during part of which 
campaign he was medical director at Martinsburg, M'. Va. After the close 
of the above campaign the regiment was ordered home, its term of service 
having expired, arriving at .\ugusta. Me., Dec. ."il, 1864, and he was mus- 
tered out of the service Jan. 6, 1865. 

Immediately thereafter he resumed the practice of his profession at 
Yarmouth, where he is now actively engaged in an extensive practice of 
medicine and surgery. 

For many years he has been an active member of the Cumberland 
County Medical Society, of which ho was president in 1S60, and of the 
State Medical Association, of which he was president in 1875. 

In Masonry he is a Knight Templar, and a member of St. Alban Com- 
mandery of Portland : also of Cumberland Royal Arch Chapter, and 
Casco Lodge, at Yarmoutli. Has served on school committees, and as 
supervisor of schools for several years in each town in which he has been 
in business. He is at present a member of the board of trustees of the 
State Reform School by appointment of the Governor. 

During more than two years of his three years' service in the army he 
was in active field service, and thrown into extensive surgical praetit^ 
among the wounded in the different battles in which the regiment was en- 
gaged, as well as among tht>se wounded in other organizations with which 
bis regiment served. 



TOWN OF YARMOUTH. 



4f9 



togetlier with that of a stranger they had tortured there, 
and buried. Forced to abandon their homes, the settlers 
removed to Jewells Island and built a fort there to protect 
themselves until thev could return to Massachusetts. Here 
they were again attacked by a large party, whom they de- 
feated with great loss. 

Joseph Felt made the first resettlement on his father's 
place, on Royall's River, in 1715, and James Parker, at 
Parker's Point, opposite Lane's Island, in 1717. Capt. 
Nathaniel Weare, afterwards son-in-law of Joseph Felt, re- 
built the saw-mill in 1715, to encourage settlement under 
the Gedney claim. The inhabitants and their descendants 
soon began to return to their old homes, now covered with 
a second growth of young trees. Through all the destruc- 
tion the Indians had preserved only the barn of Mr. Say- 
ward. Five soldiers were sent to garrison the town. In 
1723 there were living near Stephen Larrabee and Capt. 
Parker's garrison, John Downer, John Brock, Isaac, Ste- 
phen, and Benjamin Larrabee, James Parker, Thomas 
Lawerthy, and Joseph Harris.* 

A meeting was held at James Parker's inn, September 
14th, to complete settlement. Capt. Jeremiah Moulton 
and Benjamin Fiagg, with John Stevens and Phinehas 
Jones, chainmen, laid out 50 lots of 10 acres each, on 
Maine's Neck, and 50 more on the west side of Royall's 
River. Stevens, Jones, and Parker were each awarded a 
house-lot for watching timber through the past winter, and 
Capt. Moulton, the lot between the wharves, south, for sur- 
veying. A printed circular advertised the meeting which 
assembled at James Parker's Inn, May 18, 1727, for the 
first drawing of lots. Each proprietor was required to clear 
5 acres and build a house before June, 1729. A space of 
three rods wide was to be kept open on the water front for- 
ever. A meeting-house was commenced near the head of 
lot No. 101, in 1727, on an unsurveyed lot permanently 
reserved for a burying-place, training-field, and pound. By 
March, 1730, there were -11 houses and 12 frames erected. 
Samuel Seabury and Jacob Mitchell built a saw- and grist- 
mill at the lower falls, for which they were given 120 acres 
of land and 10 acres at the mill-site. 

May 14, 1733, the first election of town officers for the 
old town of North Yarmouth was held in the meeting- 
house. A second drawing of land was had June 20th, 
embracing the north part of the town.f 

Capt. Solomon Loring and Cushing Prince built a block- 
house west of the meeting-house. J A second was occupied 
by the minister, a hundred feet to the east. 

Aug. 9, 1746, Ebenezer Eaton was wounded and scalped 

* Joseph Drinkwater was a port of this garrison in 1735. 

t This comprised a part of '• two miles on each side of the Wesen- 
stogo River from the first falls to the head of the river, and every 
branch and creek thereunto belonging," purchased of Robin Hood 
and other sagamores, in 167.3, and sold to B. Gedney, of Salem, Mass., 
and Henry Saward, of York, Oct. 12, 1G74. They began to erect a 
mill with two saws and a corn-mill, which were burned by the In- 
dians. Mr. Gedney became sole proprietor. Capt. Gcndall purchased 
the mill-site of Mr. Gedney, to whom it reverted in 16S1, together 
with a saw- and grist-mill, house, and 4 acres of cleared land on e.ach 
side of the river. After Gedney's death, Nathaniel Weare, who had 
a one-third cl.aim, built the third mill. 

X Mary Loring. mother of Capt. John Young, was born in this 
house in August, 1753, and lived there until June, 1843. 

52 



alive by Indians. Philip Greely was killed. David True 
was killed by a party about to surprise Capt. Weare's gar- 
rison, and their object defeated by the barking of his dog. 
Jacob, afterwards Deacon Mitchell, was pursued while re- 
turning from an evening visit to his lady, and barely es- 
caped by dashing inside the stockade enclosure of the 
Whitcomb liouse, on hoi-seback,§ June 20, 1748. Joe, .son 
of Capt. Weare, became famous as a scout and ludiun- 
fighter during this war. 

In 1739, Uriah Mason opened a tannery at Larrabee's 
Landing, on Royall's River, and a grant of 120-acre lots 
was given to John Powell, to encourage the erection of a 
refinery and forge, for the manufacture of iron from ores 
obtained on Toddy Brook, near Walnut Hill, North Yar- 
mouth. The lefinery and forge were immediately erected 
near the present furnace of Mr. Weston, and were in opera- 
tion subsequent to 1753. || 

June 20, 1748, Mr. Eaton was killed on the old road 
south of the ledge, after dragging an Indian who clung to 
him down the hill, and refusing to surrender, and Benja- 
min Lake was captured. Three others were pursued, one 
killed, and another wounded. Joseph Chandler, Solomon 
and Daniel Mitchell, boys, were captured while after their 
cows, below the meeting-house, in 1751. Daniel Mitchell 
remained a prisoner ten years ; the others, three. It Wiis 
not until after 1760 that it was sufficiently safe for settlers 
to venture back into tlie woods more than an hour's walk 
from salt water. The settlement increased more rapidly 
afterwards. In 1769, Richard Bray bought and settled 
on one-half of Cousins' Island. 

In 1774 the town's people took a firm stand against 
the British Government. Garrisons were repaired, muni- 
tions of war secreted, and troops early furnished for 
both land and sea. Great excitement was occasioned by 
the appearance of a vessel at the entrance of the harbor, 
one Sunday in autumn of 1775. The sentries about the 
meeting-house discharged their guns. The services were 
suspended, and women fainted, while the ringing voices of 
Capt. Mitchell and Lieut. John Drinkwater were heard 
calling their men from among the congregation, and form- 
ing them for action. Marching to Gray's wharf, they 
found her to be a privateer, sent by Gen. Washington, in 
quest of spruce, for the medical department of the army. 
The people turned out en masse, and soon supplied them 

? The Whitcomb house is still standing a short distance bolow the 
Riverside Cemetery. It was erected in 1728-29, and is the oldest 
building in Y'armouth. 

II Dr. Jackson, in report of Geological Survey of Maine, says, 
" Specimens of magnetic iron ore from Davis' Hill, in Raymond, hav- 
ing been sent mc for analysis, ... at my request several gentlemen 
accompanied me to the spot, which is a mountain situated in the 
northeast part of Raymond, six miles from Scbago Lake, and three- 
fourths of a mile from the he.id of Great Rattlesnake I'oud. The hill 
is an abrupt, precipitous nmss of rocks, covered with a scanty soil, 
bearing a few small forest trees, and att.iins an elevation of 371 feet 
above "the level of Rattlesnake Pond. The rock which contains the 
iron ore is a huge bod of green cpidote rook, containing also many 
scattered crystals of black hornblende, and (he iron ore occurs in 
sheets or veins, closely implanted, mc:isuring from one to four inches 
in thickness. Owing to its being very closely attached to the rock, it 
is ditficull to quarry without taking out largo portions of the matri.x 
within which it is iuclosed." He estimates it as yielding oO per coul. 
it wrought in a blast furnace. 



410 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



with a cargo. A redoubt was erected on Prince's Point, 
and mounted with a ship's f^un, for a coast defense.* 

After the war, popuhition and business increased. A pot- 
ash-factory was opened by Mr. Sliepard ; hat-factories, by 
Nathan Spafford and others ; salt-works, by Nathaniel Jenks ; 
a cloth-carding and fulling-mill, in 1790, by Jonathan 
True; a scythe- and axcfactory, by Joseph C. Batchelder; 
a paper-mill, by Hawes & Cox, succeeded by a mahogany- 
mill, by Mr. Kimball ; brick-making, morocco- and leather- 
dressing, carding-machinery, by Solomon Winslow ; and 
the famous " Grandfather's" clocks, by Lebbeiis Bailey. 
A Mr. Tailor walled in a rock-bound cove, on the north 
side of Prince's Point, to catch the tide, and evaporate salt 
water on a gigantic scale, but only succeeded in giving to 
the locality the name of " Tailor's Folly." The channel of 
Cousins lliver was changed, to facilitate navigation, in 1794, 

By 1820, ship-building had become a leading enterprise. 
The two villages were bu.sy with traffic in liay, wood, pota- 
toes, lumber, and produce, for export in the coasting-vessels 
which crowded the wharves. The business then comprised 
six stores, saw, grist, fulling, carding, and paper mills, jew- 
elry, clock, cabinet, saddle, chaise, and wagon, and three 
blacksmith -shops, two tanneries, a brick-yard, a ship-yard, 
two taverns, and a busy stage-line. 

The Pilot, a Universalist weekly paper, was published in 
Yarmouth, by Capt. James C. Hill & Son, in 1835-36, 
and printed on paper made in the village. 

Ou the re-incorporation of the town in 1859 a farm was 
purchased for the support of the town poor, the fire-engine 
repaired and placed in a new building, and the schools re- 
organized. The manufacture of oil from porgies was com- 
menced on a large scale in 1809, but abandoned in 1871. 
This industry has been profitable for fishermen with small 
presses for many years. In 1877 the old engine was sold 
and the proceeds used to erect street-lamps, which were first 
lighted November 1st of that year. The Maine Central 
crosses the Grand Trunk Railway a mile north of the vil- 
lage, where is also the Maine Central Depot. Ship-build- 
ing has been a leading enterprise. In 1874 eight vessels, 
with an aggregate of 4618 tons burden, were launched. 

YARMOUTH VILLAGE, 

a seaport and station on the Grand Trunk Railway, orig- 
inally comprised two separate hamlets, a mile apart, known 
as the Upper and Lower village. These have since grown 
to one continuous village, still known by the old local 
names. The place contains over 200 dwellings, 4 churches, 
the town-house, 2 school-houses, the academy buildings. 
Masonic Hall, and the following 

MANUFACTORIES AND BUSINESS HOUSES. 
Machine-shops: C. H. Weston, manufacturer of leather- 
working machinery, water-wheels, Weston's anti-friction 
screw baling-presses ; established in 1876, near the site of 
the old foundry and smelting-works established by John 
Powell in 1739. 

* This earthwork, crescent-shaped, and now on the extreme edge of 
the bluff, is still plainly defined. It is some SO feet between points, 
and 30 inches above the inclosed surface. It did good service at one 
time, rescuing a sloop belonging to Capt. Drinkwater, hy causing 
the captors to run it aground on Cousins' Island. 



Royal River Manufacturing Company, Freeman & Shaw : 
seamless bags, warp-yarn, and twine; established in 1869 
by Barnabas Freeman, Esq. ; employs about 50 operatives, 
and makes about 1000 bags per day. Formerly F. O. and 
H. J. Libby's cotton-factory. 

Flouring- and Pla.ster-Mill, A. J. Loring: merchant and 
custom, six run of stones; established in 1803 at the 
upper falls, burned in 1870, and rebuilt on the site of the 
first mill, built by Capt. Walter Gendall, in 1681. 

Forest Paper Company : paper pulp ; established in 
1870; conducted since 1877 by Wilfred Barnes, agent. 

Ship- Yards: Blanchard Bros., Union Wharf; Giles Lo- 
ring; Hutchings & Stubbs. 

IBoat-Building : W. C. & E. Seabury ; e.stablished 1849 

Corn-Canning: J. Winslow Jones; established in 1870. 

Granite-Works: C. P. Jones & Taylor, 1879; estab- 
lished by Joseph W. Jones in 1855. 

Wagons and Carriages : P. L. Allen, established in 
1864; W. Scott Brown, established in 1868; Wm. Lunt, 
established in 1855. 

Harness : George H. Jeiferds ; established by Benjamin 
Jefferds in 1837. 

Custom Shoes : H. D. Brackctt, Thaxter P. Gooding ; 
established in 1879, T. G. Cleaves. 

Coffins and Cabinet Work : Gad Hitchcock ; established 
in 1834. 

Printer : Lewis Gurney. 

Publication : Old Times, a historical magazine, quarterly, 
by Capt. Corliss, 8th U. S. Infantry ; established in 1876. 

Dealers in General Merchandise: James R. Hopkins, 
since 1879; Rogers & Co., established by Sumner Sea- 
bury in 1869 ; Wm. C. Sweetser, 1879, established by R. 
R. York, 1842 ; Richards & Corliss, established by Wm. 
Richards, 1876 ; Gooch Bros., established in 1866. 

Dry-Goods and Clothing: Wm. H. Marston, established 
1863. 

Groceries: J. Parsons & Son, established in 1874; Wright 
Bros., established 1876 ; J. N. Merrill, established 1878. 

Drugs: M. C. Merrill, established in 1872 ; L. R. Cook, 
established in 1878. 

Jewelry: W. M. Walker, since 1876, establLshed by 
Elbridge Thoit, 1859 ; Artimus Felt, established in 1877. 

Tailors : Augustus D. Storer, established in 1859 ; Brad- 
bury True, established in 1856. 

Stoves and Tinware : J. V. R. Coombs, established 1854. 

Lumber Dealer : J. L. Craige. 

Paint-Shops: Henry B. Hitchcock, established in 1839; 
Gad Hitchcock, established in 1834 

Coal: S. & L. F. Walker, established in 1873. 

Fancy Goods : Geo. H. Lovell, established in 1876. 

Saloon and Barber-Shop_: C. L. Blake. 

Hotel : Baker House, D. S. Moody. 

Coal : Lyman Walker & Son. 

Blacksmiths: Alexander Grover, L. Dennison. 

Mails are daily by railroad; postmistress, Lucy Groves. 

BUKYING-GROUNDS. 

The old Chapel Burying-place, laid out on the church 
common in 1727, was used also as a training-field. Here 
were erected the stocks and whipping-post, in obedience to 




CAIT. WILLIAM EUCKNAM 



was born at Norlli Yai'inoiitli, I\'c. '2'2, ISOli. lie 
was the oldest in a family of six cliiklrcn of Sainnel 
and Phcebe (Chandler) Bucknam. 

He spent his youth at sea with his father, and at 
an early age became master of a vessel, which j)osi- 
tion he filled for several years. 

Feb. 19, 1835, he was married to Mary, daiiij;h- 
ter of Edward and Elizabeth True, of Yarmouth. 
Of this union five children were Iwrii to them, as 
follows: Horace, born June 2, 1S3(J. Alvan F., born 
Nov. 27, 1837, who graduated at Bowdoin College 
iu 1860, and is now practicing medicine in Warren, 
111. Lizzie T., born Aug. 3, 1840; died Nov. 10, 
1858. William E., born Feb. 17, 1844. Mary 
Ellen, born I\Iarch 1, 1846. 

After jiis marriage ho purchased a farm in Yar- 



nioutli, upon whicii he resided till his death, wliicli 
occurred July 12, 1851. About twelve years pre- 
vious to his death he united with the Baptist Church 
of Y^armouth, and his subsequent life proved the 
sincerity of his faith, and adorned the profession he 
had made. In youth and early manhood he had 
gained many friends, and won the esteem of all by 
his qualities as a man and citizen. In his latter 
years, blessed with a conij)etence, enjoying the society 
of an aifectionate companion and interesting children, 
dwelling in the midst of a circle made up of belovctl 
])arents, brothers, sisters, Christian and other friends, 
the ties which hound him to earth were numerous 
and strong; but I'ailii taught liiiii tiiat to die was 
gain, and sustains! l)y a cheerful hope in Christ he 
has gone to a blissful and eternal reward. 



TOWN OF YARMOUTH. 



411 



a law which, in this case, was unnecessary. Among the 
dim, dark, weather-beaten o)d slates marlcing the graves of 
the hardy pioneers no modern white stone has intruded. 
Here are the graves of Capt. James Parlcer, tlie 6rst to 
resettle upon the foreside, who died in " 1732^" (so reads 
the inscription) ; Ebenezer Eaton, Capt. Peter Weare, Capt. 
Stephen Larrabee, Ensign Benj. Ingersoll, and many whose 
names are connected with the early history of the town. 
The ground also contains eighteen unmarked graves. 

Two hundred yards to the west a larger and later ground, 
still unfilled, dates back to the death of John Powell and 
Jesse Soule, who died in 1742. Rev. Ammi R. Cutter, 
the first minister, died 1746, aged forty-four, aud Stephen 
Moulton, who died in 1769. 

An old burying-ground on Cousins' Island was enlarged 
in 1879. 

The Baptist church-yard, at the upper village, contains 
the early dead of the more northern part of the town, many 
of whom have unmarked graves, and date back to the last 
century. Near the town farm in the east a family ground 
contains early members of the Davis, Grant, and Lawrence 
families. 

RIVERSIDE CEMETERY, 

near the village, was purchased by the town in 1869, and 
tastefully laid out with granite borders and shrubbery. It 
contains many fine monuments. A beautiful pavilion over- 
looks the river, and near the entrance a monument " In 
Memory or our Fallen Comrades" commemorates the 
heroes of Yarmouth in the war of 18C1. 

PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST. 

Among the places of interest are the old redoubt on 
Prince's Point, behind which the grass-covered lawn is suc- 
ceeded by a beautiful grove, the annual resort of Indians 
in early days. The high bank to the left of the redoubt is 
for many rods composed of shells intermixed with the soil, 
the accumulation of these annual feasts. To the right the 
falling banks occasionally disclose an Indian skeleton. 

The oldest house in the town stands just below the River- 
side Cemetery. It was built at the same time with the old 
church. It was into this house Deacon Mitchell rode to 
escape from his savage pursuers. An old house south of 
the road, near Prince's Point, long known as the " Granny 
Millet house," was built by Mr. Ring some years before 
the Revolution, and purcha.sed by Capt. Millett with prize- 
money obtained from privateering. The Corliss house, at 
the upper village, was built by Jotham Byrom, in 1776-77. 
The Gooding house, now owned by E. P. Gurney, is sup- 
posed to conceal within its modern finish the walls of one 
of the old garrison-houses from whence Capt. Geudall went 
forth to meet his death. 

LIST OF TOWN OFFICERS. 
The first regular election was held at the meeting-house 
of the First Parish, Aug. 20, 1849. Dr. E. Burbank was 
chosen moderator. Rev. David Shepley opened the meeting 
by prayer, and the following officers were elected : Dr. Sam- 
uel W. Blanchard, Town Clerk ; Edward H. Smith, Treas- 
urer ; Jeremiah Baker, J. G. Loring, David Seabury, Se- 
lectmen, Assessors, and Overseers of tlie Poor ; Rev. DuviiJ 



Shepley, S. W. Blanchard, A. W. Burbank, School Com- 
mittee ; James C. Hill, Town Agent; Jacob B. Lufkin, 
Collector; B. Freeman, Philip Young, Daniel L. Jlitchell, 
Police Officers ; Isaac G. Loring, Clerk of the Market ; 
Jos. Gooding, Edward Bachelder, Charles Moxey, Jos. 
Drenhabe, Thomas Pratt, William Roberts, Jos. G. Davis, 
Reuben Hayes, Edward Preble, Surveyors of Highways, 
Fence- Viewers, aud Hog- Reeves. 

selectmen. 

1849-51. — Jeremiah Baker, Jacob G. Loring, David Seabury. 

1852. — Capt. Thaxter Prince, Jeremiah Brown, John Young. 

1853. — Jeremiah lialter, John Young, Samuel W. Blanchard. 

1854.— John Young, S. W. Bhincharii, Daniel L. Mitchell. 

1855. — Elbridge G. Wagg. James M. Buckuam, Thomai! Pratt. 

1856-58.— Elbridge G. Wagg, James .M. Cueknam, Thos. J. Brown. 

1859. — Sylvauus 0. Blanchard, Stephen Pratt, Nicholas Drinkwatcr. 

1860. — Nathaniel Gooeh, Nicholas Drinkwater, Octavius A. Hill. 

1861-6.S. — Nathaniel Gooch, Nicholas Drinkwater, Albion Seabury. 

1864-65.— Perez N. Blanchard, Perez B. Loring, Elkanah II. Walker. 

1866-68.— Perez N. Blanchard, Daniel L. Mitchell, Siimuel Baker. 

1869.— Joseph R. Curtis, Daniel L. Mitchell, Jeremiah Buxton, Jr. 

1870.— Joseph R. Curtis, Henry Hutchins, Henry C. Greenlcaf. 

1871-73.— Perez N. Blanchard, Elbridge G. Wagg, James M. Buck- 
nam. 

1874 75.— Perez N. Blanchard, Elbridge G. Wagg, Henry C. Green- 
leaf. 

1876-79.— Perez N. Blanchard, Charles T. Grant, Edward J. Stubbs. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

Samuel W. Blanchard, 1849-54; A. II. Burbank, 1855: Samuel W. 
Burbank, 1856; Benj. Gooch, Jr., 1857-58; Rufus M. Thaxter, 
1859; Charles Humphrey, 1860; Reuben Cutter, 1861-64; K. 
Harding, 1865-66; Elbridge Thoits, 1867-72; Richard Harding, 
187.3-75 ; George E. Thoits, 1876-78; E. P. Gurney, 1S79. 

TREASURERS. 
Edward II. Smith, 1849-51 ; S. W. Blanchard, 1852; Jacob Loring, 
1853; Capt. .Jacob 6. Loring, 1854-55; Ferdinand Ingraham, 
1856-58; Reuben Cutter, 1859-63; Elbridge Thoits, 1864-65; 
Samuel Fogg, 1866-67; Charles Humphrey, 1868-79. 

COLLECTORS. 
Jacob B. Lufkin, 1849; Perez B. Loring, 1850-51; Giles Loring. 
1852; Jonathan P. Rowe, 1853; Nathaniel Baker, 1854; Cushing 
Prince, 1855-56; eons, and eol., 1857; Charles Humphreys, 1858; 
George A. Humphrey, 1859-61; Benjamin R. Gooch, 1862; 
Daniel L. Mitchell, 1863-78; David M. Lawrence, 1879. 

CONSTABLES. 
1849. — B. Freeman, Philip Y'oung, Daniel L. Mitchell. 
1850. — Philip Toney, B. Freeman, Daniel L. Mitchell. 
1851-53. — Ammi M. Loring, Perez B. Loring, George Lewis. 
1854.— Charles Humphrey, Joel Brooks, Perez B. Loring. 
1855.— George Lewis, Joel Brooks, Reuben Hayes. 
1856. — George Lewis, Joel Brooks, Ammi M. Loring. 

1857. Ammi M. Loring, Joel Brooks, Cushing Prince. 

1858.— Ammi M. Loring, Joel Brooks, Charles Humphreys. 
1859-61.— Ammi M. Loring, Robert E. Corliss, George A. Humphreys. 
1862.— Ammi M. Loring, Robert E. CoHiss, Benjamin R. Gooeh. 
1863.— George A. Humphrey, William T. Baker, J. O.Skillin, Daniel 

L. Mitchell. 
1864.— George A. Humphrey, Ammi M. Loring, Robert E. Corliss, 

Daniel L. Mitchell. 
1865-68.— Jopl Brooks, Ammi M. Loring, Robert E. Corliss, Daniel 

I,. Mitchell. 
1869.— Joel Brooks, Robert E. Corliss, Daniel L. Mitobell. 
1870-73,— Daniel L. Mitchell, Robert E. Corliss, Giles Loring. 
1874.— Daniel L, Mitchell, Robert E. Corliss, Perez B. Loring. 
JS75-79.— Daijiel L. Jfitchcll, Robert E. CQr'iss, Charles T. Grant. 



412 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



RELIGIOUS. 
CONGREQATIONALIST CHUUCH. 
The first minister of Yarmouth was Rev. Samuel Sea- 
bury, wlio preaelied from 1727 to November, 1729. The 
meeting-house was commenced in 1727, and accepted April, 

1729. It was finished six years later, by a tax of .£312, 
by Richard Houghton, Joseph Jones, and John Owen, 
carpenters. This house, 40 by 50 feet in size, and 22 feet 
high at tlie caves, was strongly built of oak, with ceiled 
walls, plastered overhead, clapboarded outside, and sur- 
mounted by a steeple and copper vane. The entrance was 
by three doors, with " shells" over them. There were two 
seats apiece in the side galleries, and three in the front gal- 
lery, reached by two pairs of stairs. Twenty-four of the 
pews were drawn with the lands, and the rest went to the 
minister. Two seats were afterwards added, near the pulpit, 
for deaf people. In 17 62 forty feet were added to its 
length, a porch added, and the interior arrangements 
changed. Capt. John Young's house now occupies the site 
of the western end, while the stone step of the eastern en- 
trance remains in his garden, .surrounded by a cedar hedge. 

Messengers from the churches of Wells, Falmouth, Scar- 
borough, and Biddeford met at the meeting-house, Nov. 18, 

1730, and the Church of North Yarmouth was there incor- 
porated, with Samuel Seabury, Jacob Slitchell, and Jede- 
diah Southworth, deacons; and Joseph Chandler, Ebene- 
zcr Eaton, Samuel Fisher, Samuel Tot man, and Benjamin 
Price, members. Rev. Ammi Rahamah Cutter became the 
first settled minister, Oct. 21, 1730, remaining five years, 
and receiving the ministerial lot, besides his salary of 120 
ounces of silver a year, or its equivalent in bills of credit. 
He lived in a house ninety feet east of the meeting-house, 
built in 1734, of hewn timbers of hard wood, loop-holed, 
surrounded by a wall of hard timber ten feet high, sixty 
feet wide, and eighty feet long, with two watch-boxes for 
rifles on its walls, and called the Cutter fort. One hun- 
dred and ninety feet to the west was the Loring fort. Am- 
munition was stored in the loft of the meeting-house. The 
men came armed, and took seats at the outer end of their 
pews. During service armed sentinels were posted on the 
ledge, on Oilman Rock, and on the bluff to the northward. 
There was no bell. A bass-drum was beaten from the 
ledge every Sunday morning and noon. Fires were carried 
in foot-stoves in cold weather. The building was never 
warmed nor lighted. Rev. Mr. Cutter was dismissed Dec. 
12, 1735, practiced medicine until 1742, and removed to 
Saco River. The parish was supplied by Rev. p]phraim 
Keith, of Bridgewater, until the settlement of Rev. Nich- 
olas Loring, Nov. 10, 1736. He remained until his death, 
July 13, 1763. Rev. Edward Brooks was ordained with 
great rejoicing, July 4, 1764, at an expense of $116 for 
the ordination dinner. He was succeeded by Rev. Tris- 
tram Oilman, who was pastor from his ordination in Novem- 
ber, 1769, until iiis death, in 1809. Rev. Francis Brown 
was ordained Januaiy, 1810, succeeded by Joseph Waite 
Curtis, ordained June, 1816, resigned in 1817; Rev. 
Samuel Woodbury, the last settled pastor, installed Nov. 5, 
1817, died July 6, 1819. The church became divided 
over the erection of a new iiouse, and a new one was erected 
at the village. Rev. A.sa Cummings was ordained in the 



new house, in February, 1821, and remained pastor until 
1824, when he became editor of the C/irisliun Mirror. 
Rev. Noah Cres.sy succeeded as pastor of the old meeting- 
house, where the old members continued to worship under 
the name of the Chapel Church, until the fall of 1829, 
when he left them. The members united with the village 
cliurch in 1833. The last great gathering in the old meet- 
ing-house was May 14, 1833, the anniversary of the first 
town election, when Gen. Edward Russell, one of the lead- 
ing citizens of the county, delivered an address to his towns- 
men. The building was torn down by the town authorities 
in 1836, and its timbers built into three ships, which were 
all lost at sea. The old vane, thirty feet in height, stands 
upon the granite ledge where Seth Mitchell beat the drum 
for meeting a hundred and fifty years ago. 

The succeeding ministers have been Revs. David Shepley, 
ordained April 18, 1849; Edward P. Allen, settled Feb- 
ruary, 1850; Rev. Charles A. Aikin, settled October, 1854 ; 
George A. Pinkham, 1860, discharged 1870 ; Leavitt Bart- 
lett, in,stalled 1871, discharged 1875; Joseph Torrey, in- 
stalled March, 1875. 

The deacons have been Samuel Seabury, appointed 1730, 
died 1763; Jacob Mitchell, appointed 1730, died 1744; 
Jedediah Southworth, appointed 1730, died 1741; Jonas 
Mason, appointed 1737, died 1801 ; Jacob Mitchell, ap- 
pointed 1745, died 1784; Jacob Mitchell, appointed 179(), 
died 1848; John White, appointed 1745, died 1747; John 
Lewis, appointed 1796, died lS(t3; Thomas Scales, ap- 
pointed 1770, died 1786; David Mitchell, appointed 1770, 
died 1796; John Southworth, appointed 1786, died 1814; 
Ammi R. Mitchell, appointed 1803, died 1824; John 
Hayes, 1803-4, died 1820; John Webster, appointed 
1824, died 1838; Thomas Chase, appointed 1837; Allen 
H. Weld, removed 1846; Philip Greely was killed by In- 
dians Aug. 9, 1746, and Ebenezer Eaton was killed on the 
ledge near the old spire June 20, 1748, — both were mem- 
bers of this church. 

A new church was embodied under the name of the Cen- 
tral Congregational ist Church, at a meeting held by some of 
the members at the Academy Hall, April 4, 1859. Cush- 
ing Prince was chosen Moderator ; Barnabas Freeman, 
Scribe ; and Rev. Charles A. Aikin was invited to preach 
an organization sermon. The organization comprised 20 
members ; a house of worship was immediately erected. 
Rev. John G. Butger was chosen pastor in 1860. Rev. 
J. J. Abbott, in September, 1865; Rev. R. W. Jenkins, 
1876-78 ; Rev. F. W. Sanborn, settled 1878-79. Present 
membership, 60. OfiBcers: E. D. Freeman, Society {^Icrk ; 
Geo. Lovell, Treasurer ; Dr. J. M. Bates, Parish Treasurer. 

H.\PT1.ST CUIJKCH. 

Rev. Hezekiah Smith preached in Yarmouth, in 1780, 
on invitation of Capt. Davis, a coaster, who took him to his 
home on Davis' Island, and was baptized by him soon atlcr. 
Elder James Potter preached at the Falls in 1793, and bap- 
tized Jeremiah Stubbs, Mrs. Judith Winslow, John Drink- 
water, and Samuel York. A church was organized by 
Elder Thomas Green, who became the first pastor, at his 
house, Jan. 18, 1797. Sylvanus Soule was one of the first 
members. The church was incorporated in that year, and 



TOWN OF YARMOUTH. 



413 



became a part of the Bowdoin Association. Tiie meeting- 
house on tiie hill was erected in 1798-99. In 1799 mis- 
sionary work was commenced. Three missionaries have been 
sent out. of whom Miss Sarali Cumniings, the first, died in 
Burmah, Aug. 1, 1833. Rev. Sylvanus Boardman became 
the colleague of Mr. Green in 1810, and pastor in 1816. 
Rev. Otis Briggs was pastor, 1817-18; Rev. Stephen 
Ciiapin, 1819, leaving to become professor of theology in 
Waterville College in 1822; Rev. Alonzo King, 1826-29; 
John Butler, 1831-35 ; Zabdiel Bradford, ordained May, 
1837, created an interest in 1841 which added to the num- 
bers of the church, and caused the house to be rebuilt. He 
was succeeded by Rev. Charles W. Reding in 1845 ; Wm. 
B.Jacobs, 1848; L. B. Allen, 1850; Wm. B. Hobden, 
1857; Charles Foster, 1861 ; H. A. Hart, 18G5; N. Mel- 
cher, 1869 ; George B. Ilsley, present pastor, in July, 
1873. 

The following-named have entered the ministry : Ben- 
jamin Titcomb, ordained May 31, 1800 ; Silas Stevens, 
ordained Oct. 22, 1805 ; Arthur Drinkwater, Oct. 6, 1813 ; 
Edward Warren, May 6, 1833; Zaham P. Byram, May 9, 
1833 ; Samuel W. Field, Dec. 17, 1836 ; John C. Stock- 
bridge, March 21, 1841 ; Cyrus A. Craft, Jan. 16, 1845 ; 
Wm. H. Humphrey, July 2, 1851 ; Washington G. Hum- 
phrey, Sept. 1, 1855. Present membership, 169. John 
Cobb, Clerk ; Nathaniel Jordan, Wm. P. Flutcliinson, 
Deacons. 

A Universalist society was organized at the house of 
Amos Storer, May 24, 1834, and a chapel erected, through 
the efforts of Rev. Zenas Thompson. Allen Drinkwater 
was first clerk. James C. Hill, William Rose, and Robert 
E. Corliss, standing committee The subsequent ministers 
have been Revs. R. B. Tasker, George VV. Quinby, James 
Whittier, Henry R. Walworth, to 1848 ; Rev. Mr. Fletcher, 
1871-74 ; Rev. J. Bradbury and Rev. George W. Hamil- 
ton since 1877. 

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES. 
In 1804 a daughter of William Martin, of Portland, 
taught the first high school. A fund of $1375 was raised 
in 1810, with which to erect an academy building. The 
chief contributors were Ammi R. Mitchell, Nathaniel 
Jenks, and Hannah and Edward Russell, who donated the 
land required. Rev. Francis Brown was first president of 
the board of trustees ; Edward Russell, secretary, and Na- 
thaniel Jenks, treasurer. A building was erected in 1811, 
and Rev. Daniel Meanbec Mitchell was engaged as first 
preceptor. An act of incorporation was passed Feb. 14, 
1814. Haifa township of land was granted by the Legis- 
lature in 1825. An additional building was erected in 
1841. A new academy building was erected in 1847. 
The principals have been Joseph Sherman, Samuel H. 
Shepley, Nathan Dole, Allan H. Weld, Daniel Lane, 
Samuel W. Blanchard, and George Woods. It is now 
conducted as a high school, and is under the management 
of the town. There were appropriated $1000 for this 
school, and §1500 for common schools, in 1879. Of the 
618 school children, 405 are registered as attending school, 
the greater number during the summer. The school 
property in the nine districts is valued at $6000. 



ASSOCIATIOXS. 

M.\80N.S. 

Caseo Lodge, F. A. M., No. 36, was chartered Oct. 24, 
1821. The first ofliccrs were George Pierce, W. M. ; 
Lebbeus Bailey, Jr., S. W. ; John W. Mellon, J. W. ; 
Nathan Oakes, Treas. ; Samuel Gilman, Sec. ; James 
C. Hill, S. D. ; Nathaniel True, J. D. ; John Worthley, 
Tyler; Amos Storer, Sr., Steward. Calvin Stockbridge, 
Hiram Hatch, William Hawes, and Robert E. Corliss were 
also charter members. Membership, 1870, 151. 33 mem- 
bers entered the army of 1861. 

Cumberland Royal Arch Chapter was organized at 
Yarmouth, Sept. 14, 1870, on application from 25 Master 
Masons. The first ofliccrs were James J. Humphrey, 
High Priest ; Henry C. Grcenleaf, King ; John P. Cars- 
well. Scribe ; Frederick E. Mitchell, Captain of Host ; 
Joseph Raynes, R. A. Cap. ; Ansel L. Loring, Treas. ; 
James M. Bates, Sec. A fine building and hall was 
erected by this chapter and Casco Lodge, and dedicated 
Jan. 28, 1873. The present officers are Lorenzo L. Shaw, 
H. P. ; Hermon Seabury, K. ; Thomas L. Curtis, Sc. ; 
John Smith, C. of H. ; Joseph Haynes, R. A. C. ; RicKard 
Harding, Tr. ; James M. Bates, Sec. 

YARMOUTH BRASS BAND 

was organized in 1.866 by six veteran musicians from the 

volunteer army, with Samuel Chadbourne leader, and E. 

A. Blanchard director. It still retains nine of its original 

members. E. Raynes is its leader ; E. A. Blanchard, 

director. 

PROFESSIONAL. 

PHYSICIANS. 

The physicians of the town have been Rev. Dr. Ammi 
R. Cutter, from 1735-42; Gilbert Winslow, 1743-79; 
John Bartlett, 1747-58 ; William Chase, 1760-98 ; Ed- 
ward Russell, 1765-85 ; David Jones, a surgeon of the 
Continental army, 1785-1800; Ammi R. Mitchell, 1725, 
to his death in 1824 ; Daniel Clark, 1810-21 ; Jacob 
Mitchell, to 1831; Gad Hitchcock, 1810-38; Wm. B. 
Gooch,to 1844; Elbridge Kimball, to 1845 ; Eleazer Bur- 
bank, 1837-67; Greenfield Thompson, 1843-79; Lewis 
Whitney, to 1857 ; James Bates, Wm. and Amos Osgood, 
Samuel W. Blanchard, to 1857; Augustus H. Burbank, 
1847-79 ; W. W. Thomas, 1870-79 ; James Bates, James 
M. Bates. 

G. T. Merriman, dentist, 1877-79. 

LAWYERS. 

Hon. David Mitchell graduated at Harvard College iu 
1751, and began to practice law in Yarmouth iu 1754. He 
was associate justice of Common Pleas from 1778 to 1786 ; 
member of the Ma,ssacliusett5 convention to ratify the Con- 
stitution of the United States, in 17S8 ; member of the first 
board of trustees of Bowdoin College; senator to Massachu- 
setts, 1791-95. Hedied in 1796, aged sixty-seven. Grenville 
Mellon was a prominent lawyer from 1815 to 1824. William 
Barrows was a leading member of the bar until his death, in 
1821. Philip Eastman was a prominent citizen and lawyer 
for some years. Barnabas Freeman, graduate of Waterville 
College, admitted to the bar iu 1843, and has since prac- 



414 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



ticod law in Frecport. E. Dudley Freeman, his son, grad- 
uated at Amherst College in 1875, and began practice in 
Freeport in 1879. 

Among the more proniinont men of Yarmouth have 
been John York ; Gen. Edward Russell ; Rev. Arami R. 
Cutter, the first cotton-spinner; Capt. Samuel Mason, Jr., 
first customs oflScer of Yarmouth, who served thirty-six 
years under George TIL, and was rccommissioned by Gen. 
Washington ; Silvanus C. Blanchard ; Nathaniel Gooch ; 
Dr. Ammi 11. Mitchell, senator to Massachusetts in 1808; 
Cornelius Soule, the first representative. 



BIOGARPHICAL SKKTCHES. 



DR. ELEAZER BURBANK 

was born in Scarborough, Sept. 17, 1793. The early part 
of his life was spent in labor which gave to him a vigorous 
constitution and habits of industry and economy. When 
he attained his majority, having determined to become a 
physician, he traveled on foot one hundred miles to Han- 
over, N. H., to avail himself of the best advantages of Dart- 
mouth College. Having completed his studies, he settled 
in Poland, Me., about the year 1818, where he practiced 
with much success. His circuit extended to many of the 
surrounding towns. On the death of Dr. Gad Hitchcock, 
in Yarmouth, Dr. Burbank was invited by a committee of 
the citizens, chosen to select a physician, to remove to that 
place. Thence he removed, in 1838, where he passed the 
last twenty-nine years of his life, having all the time a very 
large practice, extending to many of the adjoining towns. 
He had a high reputation as an intelligent, faithful, and 
successful physician, and was a man of sound judgment, 
clo.se observation, and patient investigation. In his practice, 
as well as on other .subjects, he did not form his opinions 
till he had carefully examined the facts. His reputation as 
a physician was founded on true merit, and not on any 
groundless pretension. He had a mind capable of applying 
judiciously what he read, and was possessed of strong com- 
luon sense. Seldom did consulting physicians have occa- 
sion to change his treatment. In his practice he was kind, 
having a tender regard for the sufferings of the afflicted. 

But it was not as a physician alone that he was known. 
As a man and a citizen he was engaged in many of the on- 
ward movements of the day. Although he did not have 
the advantages for study in his early life now enjoyed by 
the young, he had industry, energy, and patient thought, 
read carefully on the important subjects of the day ; and 
what he professed to know he knew thoroughly. He took 
an active and prominent part in town affairs, and was often 
called to preside at public town-meetings. In the educa- 
tional affairs of the town he took much interest. His firm- 
ness and dLcision of character fitted him to carry into execu- 
tion the plans he had formed, and this he did perseveringly. 

The Christian experience of Dr. Burbank began in Po- 
land, March tJ, 183(5, and the following year, November 
18th, he was elected deacon of the church at that place. 
His membership in the Congregational Church of Yar- 



mouth commenced in 1810, and he held the oGSoe of deacon 
from 185G to the clo.se of his life. Two years of this time 
he was superintendent of the Sabbath-school. At the time 
of his death in 1867 he held .six di.stinct offices in the church. 

When convinced he was right, opposition from whatever 
source did not swerve him from the path of duty. His 
strong will enabled him to overcome great difficulties, and 
he often had occasion to test his decision. 

He was a Republican — intelligent and decided. In 1857- 
58 he served in the State Senate with fidelity and honor. 
He united heartily with all the lovers of truth and free 
government to suppress treason and rebellion. He sought 
in all ways to strengthen the government, rejoicing in suc- 
cess, and sorrowing in our defeats. 

His success in life affords encouragement to young men 
who see difficulties before them. His industry and energy 
are worthy of imitation. He, under a kind Providence, 
made himself May the memory of what he accomplished 
under so many discouragements, through a long and suc- 
cessful life, incite others to industry, virtue, and piety, that 
they, too, may live in the hearts of the good, that their 
end may be peace and their memory blessed. 



AUGUSTUS HANNIBAL BURBANK, M.D., 

physician and surgeon of Yarmouth, and only son of Eleazer 
and Sophronia (Ricker) Burbank, was born Jan. 24, 1823, 
in Poland, Me. His boyhood was spent in Poland until 
the age of fifteen. He prepared for college at North Yar- 
mouth Academy, graduated at Bowdoin College in the year 
1843, and received his medical degree at Harvard Col- 
lege in 1847. He immediately commenced the practice of 
medicine at Yarmouth, where he has since remained con- 
tinuously in the duties of his profession. 

Dr. Burbank is recognized by the fraternity as a safe 
counselor in complicated cases, ready in their diagnosis, 
.skillful in practice, and conversant with the latest and most 
successful treatment of all forms of diseases. His large 
experience and wide range of practice have made his name 
familiar in Cumberland County, and he enjoys the con- 
fidence and esteem of both rich and poor to whose necessi- 
ties he has administered. 

Notwithstanding the onerous duties of his profession, he 
has steadily advanced in the knowledge of the most modern 
medical literature, and ranks among the best-read of medical 
men. He has never been active in politics, or solicitous of 
political preferment. He was formerly a member of the 
Whig party, and is now a Republican. 

He has been twice married : first to Elizabeth R., 
daughter of Dr. Ellas and Lueretia P. Banks, of Portland, 
Nov. 25, 1850. Of this union was born one daughter, — 
Annie. His wife died Jan. 4, 1868. For his second wife 
he married Alice N., daughter of Greenfield and Nancy W. 
Thompson, of Yarmouth. The children of this marriage 
are Elizabeth R. (deceased), Hugh, Eleazer, and Marjorie. 

Dr. Burbank and his wife are members of the First 
Congregational Church of Yarmouth, and promoters of 
social, educational, and religious interests, and he has been 
for many years a deacon of the church. 




.„M = ]B;'ET]REiiiMjL 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS 

IN TUE 

WAR OF THE REBELLION FROM CUMBERLAND COUNTY. 



PORTLAND. 

FIKST MAIKE VOLrNIEEE INFANTRY. 

MuslelPll into the United States service for three months, noni May 23, 1861 ; 
discharged Aug. 5, 1861. Companies 1!, C, E, F,G, II, I, and K wore or- 
ganized as a portion of the 10th Infantry. 

COMPANV A. 
Sergeants, John M. Beal, Alex. Bell, Perez B. Burnham, Simeon Wiggins; cor- 
porals, Chas. A. Chellis, Chas. H. Scott, Jas. Berry, Berij. F. Withani ; musi- 
cian. Vim. H. Sewall ; privates, John R. Begg, Davis C. Bowker, John E. 
Barnard, John B. Bowie, John F. Copp, Benjamin F. Cusliman, Tliadde\is 
W. Colhroth, John Green, Rnfns W. Hyde, Wel.b Hall, ^'ile8 A. Hanson, 
Edward J. Hockley, Edward R. Lincoln, John H. Munsey, George H. 
McKenney, Angns McDonald, Chailes P. Norton, Charles 11. Newell, 
John B. Pike, Albert H. Purinton, Frank G. Rich, George H. Ross, 
Edward Roach, Albert W. Smith, Thomas W. Soule, George Strong, 
George W. Stockman, Daniel W. Slackpole, John B. Swett, Albert H. 
Swett, George R. W. Thaxter, Samuel 0. Waterholise, Edward P. Ayer, 
Oliver G. Whitten, Benjamin P. Whitten, Alvan S. Wilson. 

COMPANY B. 
Sergeants, Charles W. RiAerts, Alfred L. Turner, Woodbury S. Bonnell, Charles 
H. Libby ; corporals, Richard T. Beasley, Alfred D. F. Farley, Charles H. 
Colley, Jr., Chas. Cuebman ; musician, Samuel T. Dyer ; privates, Chas. F. 
Allen, G. L. Amsbey, Chas. R. Berry, Aug. Bowie, Cyrus W. Buck, Daniel 
H. Brown, Charles H. ('ushman, Franklin S. Cummings, Chas. H. CoUey, 
Reuol D. Chase, Marcus Delano, Samuel P. Folsom, William H. Folsom, 
William H. Fagan, Charles H. Frost, Joseph M.Green, John G. Glen- 
dening, Edward W. GralTam, Charles T. Hurd, Benjamin G. Hoyt, Dana 
Hall, Moses S. Hodsdon, David N. Hall, Charles D. Jones, Waltei' Johnson, 
George D.Jost, Simeon Knight, Thomas Kelly, John S. Libby, George W. 
Lemont, Edward W. Loveitt, Daniel E. Mountfoi t, James G. Marshall, 
George T. Mahan, Alfred L. Moses, Rufus W. Noble, James N. Newall, 
Stephen Noyes, Jr., John P. Peterson, Daniel M. Pole, Charles H. Paine, 
Ch.irlesO. Quiuiby, Lincoln Robie, David H. Uines, Francis Seed, John 
Searle, J.jhu F. Totman, George H. Thurston, Jolin Trowbridge, 
Charles J. Trowbridge, Benjamin F. Verrill, Richard Wescott, John C. 
Willey, Cyrus T. Waterhouse. 

COMPANY C. 
Sergeants, Edward N. Greely, George W. GrafTam, Daniel C. Clark, James M. 
Saiford ; corporals, Charles E. Jordan, Henry A. Burnham, Simeon H. 
Merrill, Charles E. Howard; musician, David Jones; privates, Osboru B. 
Berry, John Burns, Edward W. Bonney, Edwin Bicknell, Henry R. 
Colesworlhy, Thomas Curran, Edward J. Dolan, John M. Dodge, Wm. 0. 
Fuy, James M. C. Furbish. John M. Gould, Rensselaer Greely (2d), Al- 
berton P. Haines, John B. Hudson, Jr., George H. Hurd, Charles B. 
Haniilton, William P. Hamilton, John H. Hatch, George S. Holt, Edward 
J. Hiller, Ehen. Hilton, Charles P. Kennard, Charles T. Knowlton, Chas. 
0. Lamson, James W. Leslie, Edward R. Lincoln, Edward K. More, 
Thomas Monroe, James P. Miller, Joseph N. Mills, Ehen M. Mitchell, 
James E. Mitchell, George McGinlcy, Henry A. Plummer, Levi M. 
Prince, William H. Reed, Marshall H. Rich, Frank A. Smith, Henry M. 
Smith, Peter W. Stoneham, John A. Sargent, George W. Sawyer, James 
Smith, Frederick H. Thompson, George F. Trask, Robert M. Weeks, 
J. Henry Whittier, Archibald Wilson. 

COMPANY D. 
Capt. Charles H. Meserve. 
Sergeants, William W. Davis, Charles II. Bradford, Augustus Fo.ic, Otis O. 
Newhall ; corporals, George C. Ham, Thomas H. Poor, Jacob F. Knight, 
Francis E. Emery; musicians, Albert P. Ward, Frank U. Butler; pri- 
vates, Henry 0. Bradish, Richard Birchill, John H. Blake, William 
Brine, George E. Conley, George H. Cammett, John Conway, Benjamin 
F. Cobb, John Campbell, Robert Curran, John W. C. Downs, John 11. 
Doody, Dustin Damreri, Leonard Eustice, Frank F. Enstice, George For- 
saith, Jutham Grant, Watson B. Gribbin, Robert M. Hunt, Sylvanus 
Harmon, William L. Ham, .lohn H. Hart, Robert Hamilton, George H- 



Jewett, Frank Lee, Cliarle.s LiUb field, Alfred S. Moore, Pntiirk Mc- 
Dermott, Patrick Maloney, John E. Mountfort, Timothy McCarthy, 
Andrew D. Newbold, Abrani Newconib, Henry N. Phelps, Thomas C. 
Hidden, Charles Sawyer, Charles J. H. Smith, George W.Smellage, David 
Weslcott, Hiram Winslow, Samuel A. Walker. 

COMPANY E. 
Sergeants, Cyrus Latham, Sylvester C. Moody, William R.dfe, Herbert R. Sar- 
gent ; corporals, Joseph Thompson, Jr., Hiiani T.Cook, William L.L.Gill, 
James S. Roberts; musicians, Charles T. Morse, Turner Cary ; piivales, 
J'n-e B. Allen, Orrin Bent, Flavins O. B.'al, Alonzo G. B-nney, Charlea 
W. M. Bragdon, Charles H. Blake, George A. Card, George Chnmberliii, 
Andrew C. Cloudmau, Charles Coollrolh, George W. Collin, Cornelius B. 
Coe, Joseph C. Colesworthy, Jesse H. Cruwell, Samuel C. Davis, John H. 
Dennison, Martin T. Dunn, William Fr.i7.er, Edmund D. Field, William 
C. Googins, Charles B. Green, William S. Haskell, George W, Jones, 
Frederick M. Knight. Theodore H.Lombard, Samuel B. Libby, Joseph 
F. Mackin, William S. McChauning, Joseph H. Perley, Benjamin C. 
Pennell, Alonzo H.Quimby, John F. Randall, John H. Hitter, Charles H. 
Rounds, Henry T. Simpson, Chailes D. Skillin, George A. Soule, Har- 
rison W. Smith, Henry F. Smith, George A. Smith, William E. St. John, 
Lewis L. Thurston, Edwin L. B. Thompson, Samuel Townley, Charlis 
S. Trowbridge, Clifford S, Trefethen, Daniel Willard. 

COMPANY I. 
Sergeant, John T. Simpson; privates, Hezekiah Atwood, John C. Bakeman, 
James M. Clapp, Frank A. Calkins, Peter Clusky, Daniel Delaud, Jr., 
Charles T. Dunn, Alonzo Davis, Samuel H. Foster, Leonard F. Gill, 
David H. Leighton, William H. Murphy, Nathaniel D. Ripley, Albert B. 
Richardson, Charles I. Stanford, Albion Sawyer, Stephen Torhune, 
William Welch. 

SECOND INFANTRY. 



must. July 10, 1801 ; disch. for disability, JIarcli 19, 
> Vols. May 20, 



Austin, Samuel, Co. 

lSG:i. 
Hickey, James, Co. A; must. July 12, 1801 ; trans, to 20th Mali 

1863. 
Brown, George R., Co. B; must. Aug. 31, 1861 ; disch. Oct. 20, 1861. 
Damrell, John, Co. B ; must. Aug. 31, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 11, 1861. 
O'Neill, Andrew, Co. B ; must. Aug. 31, 1861 ; trans, to 20lh Maine Vols. 
Swellage, Augustus, Co. B; must. Aug. 31, 1861. 
ConnoUey, John, Co. D; must. May 28, 1801; disch. for disability, Feb. 18, 

1863. 
McCullara, James, Co. E; must. July 1, 1861; disch. Oct. 13, 1861. 
Smart, Benjamin F., Co. G; must. May 28, 1661; pro. to Istsorgt.; killed «t 

Hanover Court- House, Va. 
Chase, George B., Co. C; must. Aug. 25, 1862; disch. for disability, Feb. 15, 

1863. 
O'Connell, John, Co. I ; must. July 5, 1861 ; pro. to corp, ; disch. Oct. 3, 1861. 
Walsh, William, Co. I ; must. July 6, 1801 ; disch. Aug. 14, 1861. 
Carlin, Patrick, Co. I ; must. July 5, 1801 ; dropped from rolls, Oct. 3, 1861. 
Kenney, Michael, Co. I ; must. July 3, 1861 ; dri.pped from rolls, Oct. 3, 1861. 
Murray, John, Co. I; must. July 5, 1861 ; tri 
Leavitt, Burnett, Co. I; must. July 1, 1861. 
Farrell, Charles, Co. I ; must. July 10, 1801 ; ' 

discharged. 
Stokes, Thomas, Co. I; must. July 16, 1861 ; pris. at Gaines" Mill; exchanged . 

trans, to 20th Maine Vol. Inf. 
Murphy, Jerc., Co. I ; must. July 10, 1861 ; pris. at Gaines" Mill ; eiclmngod j 

trans, to 20th Maine Vol. Inf. 
Collins, John, Co. I: must. July 16, 1861 ; dropped from rolls, Oct 3, 1861. 
Dougherty, William, Co. I ; must. July 10, 1861 ; disch. for disability, Jan. 1 , 

1863. 
Deehan, Michael, Co. I ; must. July 16, 1801 ; woundi-l at Gaines' Mill ; trains. 

to 20th Maine Vols. 
Kearse, Michael, Co. I; must. May 28,1861 ; wounded nt Manassas; disch. 

June 4, 186:1. 
Sullivan, Jerry, Co. I; must. July 1, 1801; trans, to Co. H; disch. Jun^i i, 

1863. 
Hogan, Michael, Co. I ; must. May 28, 1861 ; disch. Jun 
Smith, Samuel B., Co. H ; must. Nov. 26, 1801 ; died. 

415 



. to 20tli Maine Vol. Inf. 



ided at Hanover Court-House ; 



. 1863. 



416 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



THIRD INFANTRY. 

Lewis, William, Co. A; must. Aug. 12, 180:i ; sicli in hospital; tr.iiiB. to Hth 

MllillO ItL-gt. 

Dolnii, Patrick, Co. B; must. Aug. 19, 1863; tmns. to ITtli Maine Kcgt. 
llcadley, Charles, Co. C; must. Sept. 29, 18G3; trans, to 17th Maitie llegt. 
Cooh'y, Daniel, Co. C; must. Aug. 20, 18G:i; missing in action. 
Chaae, Franklin, Co. C ; must. Aug. 21, 1863; trans, to 17tli Maine Regt. 
Dunlap, Saaiui'l, Co. 0; must. Aug. 21, 180:i ; tians. to 17lh Maine Kcgt. 
Davis, David, Co. C ; must. July 23, 180 1 ; missing in aclioTi. 
Greeser, George, Co. C; must. Sept 21, 1803; trans, to 17th Maine KeRt. 
Grant, Daniel W., Co. C; uinst. Sept. 26, 1863; trans, to 17lh Maine Ui-gt. 
Knights, Daniel, Co. C; must. Aug, 18, 1803; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 
Langilon, James Co. C; must. Aug. 20, 1863; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 
TIninias, Benjamin, Co. C; must. Sept. 30, 180.t; trans, to 17 Ih Maine Regt. 
Welch, Tlionias W., Co. C; must. Aug. 2i, ISU.i; trans, to Navy, April 14, 1804. 

CONSCRIPTS. 

Galvin, William, Co. D; must. Aug. 18,1862; trans, to 17tli Maine Uegt, 

Lyons, Patrick, Co D; U'ust. Aug. 20, 1803; trans, lo 17th Maijce Regt. 

I.efly, John, Co. D; uiu.st. Oct. a, 1803 ; trans, lo 17th JIaine Regt. 

Miller, William B , Co. D; ni|l>t. Oct. 6, 1863; tians. tol7lh Maine Regt. 

Perkins, Thomas li , Co. D; mnsi Sept. 30, 1863; trans, to I'th Maine Regt. 

Shelian, William, Co. D; must. Oct. 0, 1803; missing. 

York, George W., Co. D; must. Oct. .'i, 1803; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 

Brown, John It., Co. E; must. Aug. 2ii, 1861; di~cli. Apr.l U, 1861. 

Cooper, John, Co. F; must. Aug. 21, 1863. 

Davis, Charles, Co. F; must. Aug. 26, 1803. 

Forest, Edwin, Co. F; mn^t. Aug. 24, 1861; distil, for di*aW:ity, Aug. 24, 1863. 

Farrell, William, Co. F; must. Aug. 24, 1863. 

Hare is, diaries S., Co. F; must. Aug. 25, 1863. 

Kane, Henry, Co. F; must. Aug. 25, 1863. 

Allerton, Frederick, Co. G; must. Oct. 2, 1863; trans, to I7th Maine Regt. 

Carey, Shephard, Co. G; must. Oct. 2, 1863; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 

Ccdeman, George, Co. G; must. Sept. 28, 1863; trans, to 17tli Maine Kegt. 

1> .navin, John, Co. G; must. Oct. 1, 1863; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 

lliggius, Charles S., Co. G; must. Ang. 24, 1863; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 

Hatch, Joshua, Co. G ; must. Aug. 2'J, 1863. 

Ilutchins, Jonathan, Jr., Co. G; must. Aug. 21, 1803; trans, to 17th Maine 

• Kegt. 
Austin, Samuel, Co. II; must. Sept. 23, 1803; trans, to Ist Rhode Island Art,, 

Oct. 21, 1803. 
Foster, Charles, Co. H; must. Aug. 26, 1863; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 
Jewett, Elbridge, Co. H ; must. Aug. 7, 1863 ; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 
Primrose, John, Co. H ; must, Aug 21, 1863 ; trans, to 17tll Maine Regt. 
Towle, Christanline, Co. II ; must. Sept. 19, 1863; trans, to 17th Maine Regt. 
Patten, Thomas, (Jo. I; must. Aug. 20, 1863; trans, to 17th Maine Regt, 
Kane, Jcphn, Co. K ; must, Aug, 24, 1863 ; trans, to 17lh Maine Regt, 
Towiisend, L.vsander 1',, Co, K; must, July 14,1803; trans, to 1711i Maine Regt. 

FOURTH INFANTRY. 
Brown, William, Co. A ; must. Sept. 1, 1863 ; trans, to gunlcoal, April 1.3, 1864. 
Baker, George, Co. A ; must. Sept. 1, 1862; trans, to 19th Maine Regt. 
Clark, A. J., Co. A; must. Sept. 1, 1862; trans, to 19lli Maine Regt. 
Callaghan, John, Co. A ; must. Sejit. 1, 1862 ; trans, to 19th Maine Begt. 
Carroll, William, Co. A ; must. Sejit. 2, 1862. 

Clark, John, Co. A ; must. Sept. 1, 1862 ; trans, lo 19th Maine Regt. 
Daily, James, Co. A ; must. Sept. 1, 1862 ; trans, to 19th Maiue Regt. 
Pratt, Joseph R,, Oo. B; must. June 15, 1801. 
Wakely, Thomas C, Co. C; must. June 15, 1861 ; disch. for disability, Dec. 14, 

1803. 
Murphy, Alvin, Co. C; must. Aug. 2, 1803, trans, to 19lh Maine Regt. 
O'Neal, Patrick, Co. D ; must. Sept. 2, 1863. 

Pierce, James, Co. D ; must. Sept. 1, 1803; trans, to 19th Maiue Regt. 
Kuss, John F., must. Sept. 2, 1863; trans, to 19lh Maine Begt. 
Burton, George, Co. F; must. Aug. 22, 1803. 

Marston, George 0., Co. F.; must. Aug. 29, 1803; trans, to 19tli Maine Regt. 
Wheaton, Luther, Co. F: must. Sept. 2, 1863; trans, to 19lh Maine Uegt. 
Dolau, Andrew J., Co. G ; must. Aug. 2", 1863. 
Dunleavy, Eugene, Co. G; must. Aug. 28, 1863. 

Davis, Henry C , Co. G ; must. Aug. 24, 1863; trans, to 19th Maine Rc.gt. 
Gil.son, William, Co, G; must. Aug. 27, 186,3. 
Neal, Hiram J,, Co. G ; must. Aug. 31, 1803. 
Patterson, Henry W., Co. G ; must, Aug. 27, 1803. 
Reed, Patrick, Co. G; must. Aug. 28, 1803. 

Sylvester, William S., Co. K ; must. Dec. 30, 1863 ; trans, to 19lh Maine Regt. 
Olanay, Matthew, Co. H ; must. Aug. 28, 1863. 
Harold, William, Co. H; must. Aug. 21, 1863. 
Henderson, William, Co. H ; must. Aug, 27, 1863, 
King, Kdward, Co. U ; must. Ang. 27, 1803. 
Wight, John D., Co. K ; drafted ; must. Ang, 14, 1803 ; trans, to Navy, April 20, 

1804. 
Winslow, Vernon F,, must. Jan. 4, 1804; trans, to 19th Maine Regt. 

FIFTH INFANTRY. 

The regimental l.aud was must.-r.-d into service June 24, 1861, and Mas dis- 
charged, under act of Congress, Aug, 7, 1802; Jonathan Cole, leader; Edward 



M. Cohb, James A. Leavilt, Edward M. Gammon, Charles IJ, Barrett, Charles G. 
Young (died July 20, 1801). 

Curran, Patrick, Co. A; must. Dec. 18, 1801; disch. for disability, April 1,1862. 
Downes, George, Co. A ; must. Dec. 23, 1861 ; dropped from the rolls per Order 

No. 162, Dec, 12, 1862. 
Gleason, Patrick, Co. A ; must. Jan. 18, 1862; detached at Washington, 1863. 
Venson, Levi, Co. A ; must. Jan. 22, 1862 ; trans, to 2d U. S. Art. in 1803. 
Will.er, Rufus A, Co. A; must. Jan. 3, 1862; disch. June 11, 1862. 
Johnson, Charles W., Co. A ; must. Nov. 22, 1861 ; re-eul. ; trans, to 1st Maine 

Veterans, 
Lowell, Alfced 0., Co. A ; must. June 24, 1801 ; disch. July 27, 1804. 
Brady, Josiah R,, Co. A; must. Sept. 20, 1862; pro. to lieut, ; dirccb. Feb. 14, 

1862. 
Brown, George, Jr., Co. A ; must Dec. 9, 1801; disch. for disability, March 4, 

1862. 
Coombs, Charles H., Co. B; must. Oct. 2, 1801 ; enl. as bospiul steward in the 

U. S. Army ; disch. July 27, 1864. 
Crowley, John A., Co. B; must. Nov. 29, 1801; disch. for disability. May 19, 1802. 
Day, James A,, Co. B; must. Nov. 15, 1861; wounded May 7, 1862; discharged. 
Knight, Henry, Co. B; must. .Ian. 1, 1862; disch. by Order No. 162. 
Stevens, William E., Co. B ; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to 1st lieut. Co. E. 
Hughes, -Martin L., Co. C; must. July 15, 1861; pro. to Bergt.; wounded 3Iay 10, 

1864; disch. July 27, 1864. 
Alexander, W. II., Co. C; must. June 24, 1861 ; detached lo gunboat. 
Berry, David, Co. C ; must. July 5, 1861 ; disch. by General Order No. 162. 
Kelly, James, Co. C ; must. June 24, 1801 ; disch. from wounds reccdved Nov. 

13, 1802. 
Waterhouse, Charles A., Co. C; must, from Co. G, and pro. to 1st lieut. 
Greonier, J. Augustine, Co. C; must, from Co. I, and pro. to 2d lieut. 
Davis, Jacob, Co, D; must, June 24, 1801, 

Aspeal, Thomas, Co. D ; must June 24, 1861 ; trans, to Invalid Corps. 
Godfrey, James, Co. D ; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; trans, to Invalid Corps, 1864. 
Stowell, George H., Co. D ; must. June 24, 1861 ; detached at hospital. 

COMPANY F. 
Mustered in June 24, 1861. 
Thomas F.. Winslow, corp , died July 7, 1S62. 
James Ryan, Corp., disch. Nov. 7, 1861. 
Marstin, L. Cobb, disch. Nov. 7, 1861. 

F. C. Kimball, musician; trans, to reg'l band, June 24, 1861 ; returned to com- 
pany in 1863 ; disch. July 27, 1804. 
Adams, Eben, died Nov. 11, 1802. 
Boolhby, Isaac T,, disch. Oct. 22, 1802. 
Brennan, Timothy. 

Br.iden, John, missing in action, May 10, 1864. 
Constable, William, discharged. 
Cannon, Patrick, taken prisoner. May 3, 1862. 
Clancey, James, disch. for disability, March 5, 1862. 
Dow, Henry A., disch. July 30, 1861. 
Eccrly, Cornelius, killed June 26, 1861. 
Greene, Andrew J., disch. Oct. 3, 1861. 
Higgins, Lawrence. 
Hayes, William, pro. to corp.; reduced; wounded at Rappahannock Station, 

Va.; disch. July 27, 1864. 
Kelley, John, trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Kelley, Peter, disch. July 27, 1864. 
Kelley, Timothy, trans, to Co. G. 

Kerrigan, John, must. Sept. 9, 1862; trans, to Ist Maine Veterans. 
Kelly, Robert, pro. to corp. ; died of wounds, Nov. 8, 1863. 
Logan, John, taken prisoner July 21 ; clisch. Sept. 2, 1862. 
McKenney, Orrin, missing in battle, May 10, 1804. 
McPhilliney. James, killed May 3, 1803. 
McMilty, Patrick, trans, to Invalid Corps, Jan. 21, 1804. 
Morse, Lorenzo D , killed May 3, 1803. 

Morris, John, must. Dec. 11, 1801 ; died from wounds, June 7, 1863. 
Manley, .Tolin L.,must. March 6, 1802; wounded May 3, 1863; trans, to Invalid 

Corps, Jan. 15, 1864. 
McCullom, George, must. Sept. 9, 1862; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
McEiinany, Michael, must. Dec. 28, 1801 ; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
McKay, Cornelius, must. Sept. 9, 1862; disch, for disability, Dec. 29, 1863. 
Morgan, Theophilus, must. Sept. 9, 1802; trans, to Navy, April 7, 1804. 
Morris, OttJi, must. Sept. 9, 1802; tmns. to 1st Maine Vetencns. 
Nelson, Frederick, must. Dec. 11, 1801 ; trans, to Navy, April 7, 1864. 
Norton, Benjamin A., pro. to corp., to sergt, ; died from wounds received at 

Rappahannock Station, Va. 
O'Connell, Michael, must. Sept. 9, 1802. 
Roger, Joseph F,, must. Dec. 2;l, 1801 ; pro. to corp, ; trans, to Invalid Corps, 

Nov. 27, 1803. 
Thompson, Joseph W., must. Sept. 9, 1802; disch. for disability, April 14, 1863. 
Turner, Edward, must. June 24, 1861 ; taken prisoner. May 3, 1862; paroled ; 

re-enl.; trans, to Ist Maine Veterans. 
I'icradiso, .loseph C, must. July 10, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. ; clerk at headquarters ; 

died of wounds received July 3, 1864. 
Godfrey, John, must. July 16, 1861 ; wounded Sept. 14, 1862, and May 3, 1863 ; 

trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Pettis, Chailes, disch. Feb. 20, 1862. 



KOSTKR OF SOLDIERS. 



417 



Patrick, George W., re-enl.; trans to 1st Maine Veterans. 

Pollys, John, talien prisoner, July 21, 1861 ; paroled ; never reported. 

Tieliog, Cliarles, pro. to Corp. ; wounded May 3, 18G;J. 

Timniotiey, Jolin, discli. July 27, 1804. 

Toby, William, wounded May .i, 180:1 ; discli. July 27, 1864. 

Woodsiini, Ezra B., disch. Feb. 20, 1802. 

Fitzsimmons, James, wounded May 10; disch. July 27, 1864. 

CuKhman, Cornelius, re-enl.; trans, to Ist Maine Veteraris. 

McDonald, John, wounded May 10; disch. July 27, 1804. 

McGoveran, Thomas, pro. to Corp.; killed in battle, May 3, 1801. 

Smith, James, wounded May 3, 186:i ; trans, to Invalid Corps. 

Pride, Orlando S., must. July 16, 1861 ; pro. to corp. Nov. 8. 

McGuire, James, must. July 16, 1801 ; disch. March 10, 1862. 

Murphy, Michael J., must. July 16,1861 ; wounded at Gaines' Mills ; pro. to Corp. ; 
pro. to sergt. ; killed at Rappahannock Station, Va. 

Pearsons, Charles H., must. July 16, 1861 ; pro. to Corp. Nov. 16 ; detached on 
gunboat, 1862. 

Driscoll, Daniel, must. Dec. 20,1862; dropped by General Order No. 162; re- 
stored in 1863. 

Gormley, Blichael, must. Sept. 9, 1862; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 

COMPANY G. 
Mustered in June 23, 1861. 
Charles A. Waterhouse, sergt., pro. to 2d lieut. 

Frank G. P.itterson, sergt., pro. to 1st sergt. July, 1862; to 2d lieut. April, 1803. 
Robert J. McPlierson, Corp., pro. to 1st lieut. Aug. 26. 
Alfred H, Whilmore, Corp., disch. Sept. 12, 1861. 
Daniel W. Mason, musician, dropped from rolls under Order No. 162. 
Stephen C. Stanford, wagoner, dropped from rolls under Order No. 162. 
Adams, William J. 

Allen, George M., disch. for disability, March 5, 1862. 
Cox, FraTicis P., dropped from the rolls (Order No. 162). 
Culburn, William H., disch. Sept. 16, 1862. 

Colley, James A., wounded at Cranipton Gap; disch. April 5, 1863. 
Covell, Edgar C, taken prisoner July 21, 1801 ; trans, to Invalid Corps, 186:1. 
Devine, George, wounded at Crampton Gap; taken pris. May 3, 1863; paroled. 
Donevan, Dennis. 

Drinkwater, Philip F., disch. July 27, 1864. 

Dudley, Michael, must. Nov. 24, 1861; trans, to Ist Maine Veterans. 
Fisher, Nehemiah W., dropped under Order No. 162, Nov. 19, 1862. 
Gilman, Charles H., disch. Dec. 18, 1861. 
Ilager, Martin 0., captured on picket, Sept. 8, 1861. 
Ham, John II., re-enlisted; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Hooper, Franklin, disch. Sept. 8, 1861. 

Hickock, William W., pro. to Corp.; dropped under Order No. 162. 
Hitler, James R., disch. Oct. 1, 1861. 
Irwin, William. 
Jewell, David. 

Jordan, Charles W., discli. July 27, 1864. 
Kennedy, Edward J. 

Killen, James, dropped by Oi'der No. 162. 
Latham, Cliarles V., died in hospital, Feb. 15, 1863. 
Leavitt, Joseph, re-enlisted ; trans, to l8t Maine Veterans. 
Morse, Alpheus, wounded at West Point, Va.; died May 8, 1862. 
McAuow, Hugh, dropped by Order No. 162. 
Reardon, Michael. 

Reed, William, must Dec. 2, 1801 ; detached to gunboat ; trans. Feb. 14, 1862. 
Richardson, William, captured on picket at Bull Run ; died Nov. 5, 1862. 
Shaw, John M., disch. Sept. a, 1861 ; re-enl. Nov. 9, 1802 ; trans, to Invalid Corps, 

Feb. 24, 1864. 
Townsend, Lysander P., disch. May 15, 1802. 

Webster, CharlesT., clerk atdivision headquarters; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Welch, William A. S., wounded and captured at Gaines' Mills; exchanged; 

disch. July 27, 1864. 
Clark, Edward L., prisoner; paroled 1862; exchanged; disch. July 27, 1804. 
Harris, Alburn P., pro. to 1st lieut. October 10. 
Clark, Daniel C, must. Doc. 7, 1861; pro. to lieut. 
Danlorth, Lorestin, must. Dec. 21, 1861 ; appointed wagoner 1863 ; trans, to 1st 

Maine Veterans. 
Dolan, Edward J., mustered Sept. 24, 1862 ; wounded at Crampton Gap ; pro. to 

Corp.; re-enlisted; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Reed, James O , must. Dec. 2, 1861 ; dropped per General Order 162. 
Reed, William, must. Dec. 2, 1861 ; trans, to gunboat, 1863. 
Sawyer, Franklin, must. Oct. 22, 1862; trans, to gunboat. 

Titcomb, Isaac N., must. Jan. 24, 1862; dropped per Gen. Ord. 162, Feb. 2, 1863. 
Wilson, Archibald, must. Sept. 24, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. ; wounded at Crampton 

Gap; pro. to 1st sergt. 
Kelley, Timothy, ti-ans. from Co F, 186:1; wounded May 10, 1864; disch. July 

27,1864; re-enlisted; trans, to Ist Maine Veterans. 

COMPANY H. 

Mustered in June 24, 1861. 
George E. Brown, sergt., pro. to capt. Oct. 3, 1861. 
Richard E. Shannon, sergt., pro. to 1st lieut. Oct. 3, 1861. 
Alonzo P. Stinson, sergt., killed at Bull Run, July 21, 1861. 
Crawford Dunn, Corp., lost an arm at Bull Run ; disch. Nov. 14, 1861. 
James Crowley, Corp., pro. to aergt. Oct. 3 ; discli. June 21, 1862, 

53 



James G. Sanborn, Corp., pro. to sergt.; disch. July 27, 1804. 

George H. B. Howe, Corp., reduced Oct. 3 ; disch. March 12, 1862. 

David Mayberry, wagoner, disch. Sept. 4, 1861. 

Bluetteld, Simon, disch. Oct. 1, 1804. 

Ooulin, James, wounded in battle at Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 1864. 

Eastman, J. W., pro. to corp.; disch. for disability, Jan. 3, 1863. 

Freeman, Edward, discli. Oct. 1, 1801. 

Hannaford, Joseph S., disch. Oct. 1, 1861. 

Koran, Peter, captured at Bull Bun; disch. Ailg.G, 1862. 

Horach, A. B., disch. Feb. 9, 1803. 

Kelley, John, captured Nov, 3, 1861. 

Lawrence, Thomas E., pro. to corp. Oct. 3 ; to sergt. Oct. 1, 1852 ; killed «t Spott- 
sylvania, May 10, 1864. 

Mulloy, Daniel, disch. May 30, 1802. 

Newell, Lindall It., wounded at Spottsylvania; disch. July 27, 1864. 

PrideliHin, James H., re-enlisted; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 

Pettengill, Onin F., dropped by Order No.' 102; disch. May 5, 1802. 

Sastroir, Charles H., disch. for disability. 

Sturgiss, George B., disch. July 27, 1864. 

Tappan, George W , pro. to corp. Oct. 3; disch. July 27, 1864. 

Tracy, William, wounded June 27 ; disch. July 27, 1804. 

Tyler, Jacob E., wounded at Antietam; disch. Oct. 20, 1862. 

White, Henry W., prisoner at Bull Run; exchanged. 

Woodbury, Edward H. 

Brennan, Martin, must. July 21, 1861; taken prisoner Nov. 12; missing in ac- 
tion. May 3, 1803. 

Skillings, Otis H , must. July 21. 1801; disch. July 27, 1864. 

Moody, Charles F., bugler, must. Dec. 17, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 3, 1861; trans, to 
1st Maine Voleians. 

Winch, Benjamin M., must. Dec. 17 1861 ; disch. May 25, 1862. 

Ryan, William H., must. July 24, 1801 ; disch. for disability. April 19, 1862. 

Wilder, Samuel, must. Nov. 21, 1862; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 

COMPANY I. 
Mustered in June 24, 1861. 
Augustus J. Grenier,corp., must. June 24, 1801 ; pro. to sergt., to 1st lieut. in 1862. 
Smith, John H. F., must. June 24, 1801 ; disch. Sept. 27, 1801. 
Towle, Levi N., must. June 24, 1801; taken prisoner July 21, 1861. 
FoUey, Patrick, must. Dec. lo, 1802; re-enl. in United States Navy, 1864. 
Farren, Patrick, must. Jan. 10, 1863; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Lemont, Daniel, must. Dec. 25, 1802 ; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Smith, John, must. Dec. 15, 1802 ; disch. for disability, 1803. 

SIXTH INFANTEY. 

Frank Exhorn, regimental band; must. July I."i, 1861 ; must, out Aug. 9, 1862. 
George Welden. regimental band ; must. Oct 24, 1801 ; must, out Aug. 9, 1862. 
Downing, Amos, Co F; must. July 15, 1801 ; disch. for disability, June 30, 1802. 
Kelly, William, Co. F ; must. July 15, 1861. 

King, Richard, Co. F; must. July 15, 1861; disch. for disability, Oct. 6, 1802. 
O'Keefe, Dennis, Co F; must. July 15, 1861; died at Philadelphia, Jan. 22, 

1863. 
Quinn, Thomas, Co. F ; must. July 15, 1861 ; disch. in hospital, July 20, 1863. 
Sweeney, John, Co. F; must. July 15,1861 ; missing in battle at Spottsylvania. 
Bailey, Robert, wagoner, Co. G; must. July 15, 1861 ; disch. .\ug. 15, 1864. 
Kingsley, Paul, Co. G ; must. July 1.5, 1801 ; disch. Jan. 14, 1S64. 
Lobden, Theodore, Co G ; must. July 15, 1861 ; died Sept. 12, 1861. 
O'Hare, Michael, Co. O; must July 15, 1861. 
Bobinette, Joseph, Co. G; must. J^ly 15, 1861; pro. to Corp. 1863; disch. Aug, 

15, 1804. 
Wheeler, Patrick, Co. G; must. July 15, 1801; re-enlisted; trans, to 1st Maine 

Veterans. 
Whalen, John T., Co. G. ; must. July 15, 1861 ; re-enlisted ; trans, to 1st Maine 

Veterans. 

SEVENTH INFANTBY. 
COMPANY B. 
Flisman, Samuel, must. Dec. 4, 1862. 

Givens, Thomas, must. Oct. 20, 1862 ; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Jackson, Robert, must. Oct. 20, 1802; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Thompson, Abraham, must. Dec. 2.3, 1862; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 

COMPANY C. 
Cole, Richard, must. Oct. 29, 1862; trans, to U. S. Army, Jan. 27, 1S63. 
Hart, John W., must. Dec. 9, 1862; trans, to U. S. Army, Jan. 27, 1803. 

COMPANY D. 
Mustered iu Aug. 21, 1861. 
Ayer, Caleb R., must. Sept. 7, 1801 ; pro. sergt. ; disch. Oct. 22, 1862. 
Edgerly, John M., must. Dec. 20, 1801; died at Alexandria, Va. 
Fox, Thomas, must. Aug. 22, 1801 ; disch. Dec. 31, 1861. 
McNeills, Thomas, must. Aug. 22, 1801 ; died at Alexandria, Va., March 28, 

1802. 
Montee, Charles, must. Aug. 22, 1801 ; disch. at Camp Griffin, Dec. 31, 1861. 
Norton, Joseph, Jr., wagoner, must. Aug. 22, 1861 ; disch. for disability, July 

23, 1863. 
Smith, James, must. Aug. 22, 1861; pro. sergt. for good conduct at Antietam; 

trans, to U. S. Army, Jan. 26, 1863. 



418 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Bacon, William, trans, from Co. F; taken prisoner iit Frfiifriclvsbiirg, Va.; 

oxcliangi'd ; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Berry, Kiclinn), trans, from Co. F; woumled at Yorlitown. 
Brown, Clinrli's, trans, from Co. F; iliscli. for disubility, 1803. 
CoolUrotli, George F., trans, from Co. F; disch. September, 1864. 
Dooily, Jolin II., trans, from Co. F ; discb. Jnue 7, 1S62. 
Douglass, William, trans, from Co. F. 
Forrin, William II., trans, from Co. F. 
Foster, James E., trans, from Co. F; re-cnl. in 1804. 
Holbrook, Jobn 11., trans, from Co. F. 

Jordan, Frank E., must. Jan. 6, ISKi; re-enl. in U. S. Army, 1863. 
King, Biclmrd, must. Jan. 21, 1863; trans, to 1st Maine Veterans. 
Kniglit, bimeon, trans, from Co. V; trans, to l>t Maine Veterans. 
Kngent, James, trans, from Co. F ; trans, to Ist Maine Veterans. 
Smitli, John, must. Jan. 5, 1863. 
Spellman, Jereniiab, trans, from Co. F; pjirolcd prisoner, exchanged; discli. 

September, 1864. 
Sullivan, Daniel. 

Rounds, Chnrlea II., must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; disch. September, 1864. 
Tliurston, Lewis L., must. Aug. 21 ; taken prisoner. May 4, 186:1; exchanged ; 

disch. September, 1864. 
Wall, James, must. Jan. 5, 1863 ; re-enl. in U. S. Army, .Ian. 26, 1863. 

COMPANY E. 
Dolan, Tliomas, mnst. Jan. 1, 18G2 ; trans, to Co. K. 
Linnell, Timothy, must. Jan. 1, 1862; trans, to Co. F. 
S|iaulding, Merrill S.,must. Jan. 1, 1862; discharged 1863. 

COMPANY F. 

Mustered in Aug. 21, 1861. 

Armstrong, Jobn II., trans, from Co. G. 

Bragdon, Dennis L., trans, from Co. G ; died 186.3. 

lirown, Robert, must. Feb. 18, 186:i. 

Blueficld, Simon, must. April 7, 1863; wounded May 12, 1804; trans, to 1st 

Maine Veterans. 
Begg, John R., trans, from Co. G; re-enl. in 1st Maine Veterans. 
Berry, B chard, wounded at Yorktown, Va. ; tians. to Co. D. 
Bacon, William, trans, to Co. D. 
Coolbroth, George F., trans, to Co. D. 
Clapp, James M., trans, from Co. G. 
Coffee, Dennis, must. Jan. 12, 1862 ; trans, from Co. G. 
Cass, James U., trans, from Co. G; diai b. May 13, 1863. 
Dolan, Thomas, must. Jan. 1, 1862 ; detached as clerk. 
Devine, James, Uiu»t. April 14, 18Ki. 
Ezekiel, Henry I., must. April 6, 1863. 
Doody, John 11., tians. to (,'o. D ; discli. June 7, 1802. 
Farrin, William 11., trans, to Co. D; disch. Jan. 13, 1862. 
Foster, James E., trans, to Co. D. 
Nugent, James, trans, to Co. £. 
Sjtellnian, Jeremiah, trans, to Co. V ; taken prisoner. 
Douglass, William, trans, to Co. D. 
Holbrook, John II., trans, to Co. D. 
Brown, Charles, trans, to Co. D. 

Foster, Israel A., must. Aug. 2(1, 1862; trans, to Invalid Corps, 1864. 
O'Brien, Patrick S., must. Aug. 15, 1862. 
GreeTi, George A., must. April 16, 1863. 
Ilanscomb, Stephen, trans, from Co. G; wounded May 3; detached at Fort 

Knox, Me. 
Hurt, Jobn, trans, from Co. G ; pro. to Corp. and sergt.; trans, to 1st Maine 

Hayes, John, trans, from Co. G; missing. May 18, 1864. 

Uooi)er, Lawrence P., trans, from Co. G ; discb. April 9, 1S63. 

Jones, Charles W., trans, from Co. G ; re-enl. in U. S. Navy, 1864. 

Murphy, Edward, Hans, from Co. G; wounded at Antietjim; discb. Nov. 18P,4. 

Stanford, Charles, trans, from Co. G ; died 1863. 

Stevens, Charles B., trans, from Co. G ; killed in battle, May 6, 1804. 

Smellay, Alphimzo B., must. May 16, 1863 ; dehtched in provost guard. 

Trundy, William T., trans, from Co. G: disch. November, 1864. 

COMPANY G. 

MuBtere<l in July 21, 1801. 
George McGinley, sergt., pro. to 1st lieut. 
Thomas P. Beals, sergt., disch for disiibility, March 1, 1862. 
John E. Pn)ctor, sergt., pro. to Ist sergt.; trans, to Maine, 1863. 
Levi L. Thurston, sergt., trans, to Co. V. 
H. Motley. Corp., pro. to sergt.; trans, to Maine, 1863. 
H. H. Cushman, Corp., pro. to sergt. ; trans, to U. S. Veteran Reserve. 
J. T. Follett, Corp., pro. to sergt. ; trans, to Maine, 186:1. 
James Clai>|>, coiji., reduced December, 1801 ; trans, to Co. F. 
Henry Eveletb, died at Baltimore, Md. 
Jabei P. Eveletb, musician, trans, to regimental band; returned August, 1802; 

trans, to Co. F in 1863. 
J. T. Skillins, wagoner, at brigade headquarters, 1863; re-enl. 1864. 
Armstrong, J. II., pro. to Corp.; to sergt.; wounded at Antietam; trans, to Co. 

F, 186.1. 
Adams, Williiim, pro. to Corp. ; trans, to Co. F, 1863. 



Begg, John R., wounded at Antietam ; trans, to Co. K. 

Bragdon, D. L., pro. to Corp. ; to Ist sergt. ; trans, to Co. F. 

Bracket t, Geoige W., died Feb. 28, 1802. 

Blake, S. R., iliscli. for disability. 

Drake, Pliai es S., died Sept. 24, 1862. 

Goililard. J. II., dropped from the rolls, 1802; never must. in. 

Hooper, Lawrence K., trans, to Co. K, 186:1. 

Hart, John, detiiched; trans, to Co. F. 

Messer, Alvin, died Sept. 24, 1862. 

Melody, Thomas, trans, to Co. K. 

Spencer, A. C, disch. for disability, March 5, 1862. 

Sniith, Charles J. B., missing at Antietam ; trans, to Co. K in 18C3. 

Stanford, Charles U., trans, to Co. K. 

Trundy, William T., trans, to Co. F. 

Willmy, Albert C, disch. for disability, March 5, 1SG2. 

Rounds, Eilward, ilropped from the rolls, 1802 ; never must. in. 

Maxwell, William, dropped from the rolls, 1862. 

Lewis, Alonzo B , discb. tor disabilily, Jan. 3, 1862. 

Chase, A. K., detached ; trans, to Co. K, 1863. 

Lunt, James, disch. for disability, Jan. 3, 1862. 

Waterhouse, Chai les H., Corp., ti ans. to Co. F, 1863 ; wounded and mis.ting, Slay 

4, 1861. 
Clement, Charles, trans, to Co. K. 

Coffee, Dennis, must. Jan. 15, 1802 ; trans, to Co. F, 1863. 
Cass, James H , must. Jan. 15, 1862; trans, to Co. F, 1863. 
Hayes, John, must. Jan. 15, 1862 ; trans, to Co. F, 1863. 
Abbott, Andrew J., must. June 16, 1861; .sent to Fort Knox. Me. 
Dunscomb, Thomas G., must. June 29, 1863; sent to Fort Knox, Me. 
Ferguson, John, must. June 16. 

Hammond, Charles, must. June 16, 1863; detached at Fort Knox, Me. 
Hanselpecker, James H., must. May 17,1863; detached at. Fort Knox, Me. 
McMain, John, must. June 29, 1863; detai-hed at Fort Knox, Me. 
Mitchell, Frank, must. June 29, 1863; detached at Fort Knox, Me. 
Rounds, Charles B., must. Aug. 21, 1861; trans, to Co. D. . 
Smallen, Philip, must. July 6, 1863. 
Taylor, William, must. Juno 16, 1863; detached at Fort Knox, Me. 

COMPANY I. 

Drew, George, Jr., must. Aug. 21, 1862; trans, to Invalid Corps, 1864. 

Landy, Charles, must. Feb. 16, 1S62. 

Armstrong, James F., must. Feb. 18, 1863. 

Morris, John C, must. Jan. 1, 1803. 

Palin, Thomaa, must. Jan. Ill, 1863. 

Kooney, Peter, must. Nov. 3, 1862. 

Roi, John, trans, from Co. F. 

Smith, Tliomas, must. Jan. 10, 1863. 

Wolf, Thomas, must. Jan. 10, 1863. 

COMPANY K. 
Chase, Albaniis R., trans, from Co. G ; disch. by war order of May 20, 1864. 
Clements, Charles, trans, from Co. G ; re-enl. in 1st Maine Veterans. 
Littlehale, Isaac M., must. Sept. 22, 1862; missing in action, May 4, 1863. 
Melody, Tliomas, trans, from Co. G; disch. by war order of May 20, 1864. 
Murray, William, must. Dec. 22, 1802 ; trans, to U. S. Navy. 
Smith, John W., trans, from Co G; taken prisoner, June 1, 1864. 
Smith, Charles J. B., trans, from Co. G; missing. 
Walls, Alfred A. Y., trans, from Co. A; diach. by civil authority, Jan. 10, 1861. 

EIGHTH INFANTKY. 

Chauncey B. Webster, sergt., Co. E; must. Sept. 7. 1861 ; pro. to 1st sergt. 

Bonny, Alonzo G., Co. E; must. Sept. 7, 1861. 

Sawyer, Charles M., Co. E; mnst. Sept. 7, 1861 ; detached in 1863. 

Pote, James M., Co. E ; must. Sept. 7, 1861 ; pro. to Corp. ; to sergt., 1862; re- 
duced, 1864. 

Roberts, Charles H., Co. E; mnst. Sept. 24, 1802; pro. to corp. 1863. 

McLellan, John, Co. E; must. Oct. 6, 1863; trans, to Navy, 1866. 

Knights, Jobn K., Co. I; must. Sept. 7, 1861; re-eulist«l, 1863; detached to 
Amimlance Corp--, 1864. 

Feeney, Martin, Co. I; must. Oct. 8, 1863; disch. Jan. 18, 1866. 

Hughes, John, Co. I; must. Oct. 13, 1863; died of wounds, July 19, 1864. 

Keirran, James, Co. I; must. Oct. 14, 1863; detached as shar|ishooter. 

Bateman, Enos, Co. B ; must. March 26, 1803; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps, 1864. 

Smart, Kobert. Co. E ; must. Nov. 12, 1864. 

Foley, Francis, Co. 1 ; must. Oct. 7, 1863 ; pro. to sergt. ; disch, Jan. 18, 1800. 

Hodgkins, Joseph O., Co. D; must. Sept. 10, 1862; killed in battle. May 20, 
1864. 

Russell, Joseph E., Co. E; must. March 27, 1S62; missing Aug. 28, 1864. 

Jameson, George W., Co. E; must. Sept. 7, 1861. 

Chase, Reuel D., Co. F; must. Sept. 25, 1862; trans, to Co. D. 

riilll|H, Samuel F., Co. G ; must. Jan. 2, 1864; disch. Nov. 8, 1866. 

Perkins, George W., Co. H; must. Sept. 3, 1862; discli. Nov. 4, I860. 

Perkins, George H., Co. U ; must. Nov. 5, 1802; wounded May 16, 1864 ; adju- 
tant's clerk. 

Freeman. James, Co. F; must. Aug. 7, 1863; missing in battle, Oct. 27, 1864. 

Brown, Charles, Co. G; must. Feb. 29, 1863. 

Dougherty, Thomas, Co. «; must. Oct. 9, 186:1; taken pris»mer, June 18, 1863. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



419 



Harrington, Cornelius, Co. Gj must Oct. 10, 1864; substitute; disch. Jan. 18, 

186G. 
Hall, Juhti, Co. G; must. Oct. 10, 18G1, a^ substitute; missing. 
King, Tliomai, Co. G; must. Oct 9, 1803; disch. for disability, July 8, 1864. 
Morris, Thomas, Co. G ; must. Oct. 9, lSC:i ; discharged, 186.1. 
Smith, C:harles, Co. G; must. Oct. 12, 1863; disch. Jan. 18, 1860. 
Ilakcr, Thomas G., Co. H ; must. Oct. 10, 1863 ; trans, to Navy, April 27, 1864. 
Dodge, AbniT, Co. H; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. 186.1. 
Joneii, William E., Co. K; must. Feb. 6, 1804; disch. Jan. 18, 1806. 
JlcMana, Hugh, Co. I; must, Oct. 10, 1863 ; disch. Jan. 18, 1866. 
Meyser, Louis, Co. I; must. Oct. 10, 1863. 

Perry, Levi R., Co. I; must. Oct. 6, 1863 ; d'schargcd in hospital. 
Riley, Patrick, Co. I ; must. Oct. 4, 1863. 
Shavor, Edward P., Co. I; must. Oct. 13, 1863 ; wounded Hay 25, 1864 ; pro. to 

Walker, James, Co. I; must. Oct. 13, 1863; disch. from hospital, 1865. 
Wallman, Jacob, Co. I; must. Oct. 1, 1863; trans, to Navy. 
Wilson, William, Co. I; must. March 16, 1804; trans, to Navy. 

NINTH INFANTRY. 

COMPANY A. 
Baker, Ernest, must Oct. 24, 1803. 
Beauchanjp, Edward, must. Sept. 1.1, 1864. 
Bracketl, William C, must Sept. 16, 1804. 
Babb, Albert A., must. Sept. 19, 1864. 
Burns, John, mu.st. Sept. 19, 1864. 
Burns, William, must. Sept. 10, 1864. 
Barry, Tliomas, must. Sept. 22, 1864. 
Brooks, James, must. Oct. 4, 1864. 

Brooks, Charles A., trans, from Co. K ; wounded July 18, 1863; detached, 1864. 
Carroll, Thomas, must. Sept. 23, 1864. 
Coig, John, must. Sept. 20, 1864. 
Carroll, Joseph, must. Oct. G, 1804. 
Doherty, John, must. Sept. 21, 1864. 
Deverix, James, must. Sept. 24, 1864. 
Dunscomb, Peter, must. Oct. 4, 1864. 
Deaidou, Daniel, must. Oct. 4, 1864. 
Fox, James, must. Sept. 22, 1864. 

Francis, Charles, must. Oct. 27, 1864; wounded June 1, 1865. 
Gillman, Charles, must. Sept. 23, 1804. 
McNulty, Frank, must. Sept. 29, 1804. 
Seavey, Ora, must. Sept. 24, 1864. 
York, John, must. Sept. 23, 1864. 

COMPANY B. 
Ham, William L., must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864. 
Walker, Nelson F., must. Sept. 22, 1801 ; died at Uiltou Head, Jan. 24, 1862. 
Roach, John A. J., must. March 15, 1864; pro. to chief musician, Oct. 22, 1864. 

COMPANY C. 
Benlon, Joseph F., must. Sept. 19, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 
Hoyt, John, must. Sept. 22, 1861. 
Benford, Charles, must. Sept. 26, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 
Pomlon, James, must. Oct. 19, 1863. 
Reedy, Thomas, must. Oct. 23, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 
Connard, Washington, must. July 14, 1863; killed in battle, May 20, 1864. 
Wiuslow, Roscoe, must. Aug. 20, 1863. 

COMPANY G. 
Gushing, John E., must. Sept. 20, 1801; pro. to Corp.; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; 

wounded Sept. 29, 1864. 
Liden, John, must. Sept. 21, 1861. 

Mangan, John, must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; wounded Aug. 30, 1863. 
Snuth, James, must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; taken prisoner, June 21, 1862 ; disch. Sept. 

27, 1864. 
Follcy, Jerry, must. Jan. 1, 1864; missing in battle, Aug. 16, 1864. 
Forsyth, John A., must. Dec. 12, 1864 ; died of wounds received June 30, 1864. 
Liden, John, must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; re-cnl. Jan. 1, 1804 ; wounded May 16, 1804. 
Magnan, John, must. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Sept. 27, 1804. 
Cha.se, Albainis M., must. Aug. 11, 1863. 
Weeks, Charles F., pro. to 1st lieut. from Co. F, Oct. 26, 1804. 

COMPANY H. 
Chadbourne, Simeon, must. Sept. 23, 1862; died Oct. 4, 1803. 
Webb, Edward W., must. Sept. 26, 1862. 
Browu, Thomas, must. Sept. 26, 1804. 
McDonald, William, must. Sejit. 28, 1804. 
Page, Robert, must. Sept. 28, 1864. 
Reed, Joseph, must. Sejit. 30, 1S64. 

COMPANY I. 
Braiuard, Thomas, must. Oct. 14, 1863. 
Hagerty, Peter, must. Oct. 17, 1803. 
Williams, John, drafted, must. Sept. 11, 1863; killed in battle, Aug. 16, 1864. 



TENTH INFANTEY. 

Daniel H. Chandler, loader of band, must, out un.ler oriler of War Dept., Sept. 

Nathaniel K. Walker, Co. A ; must. Oct. 15, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. Oct. 20; re- 
duced in 1802 ; disch. Feb. 4, 1863. 

COMPANY B. 
Mustered in Oct. 4, 1861 ; discharged Jlay 7, 1803. 

Charles H. Cnshman, serirt., disch. for disabilily, April 17, 1862. 

Charles II. Colley, Jr., sergt., pro. to 2d lieut. Aug 9; died Sept. 20. 

Stephen Noyes, Jr., sergt., returned to the ranks by request, Jan. 14, 18C2. 

Edward W. Loveitt, corp., pro. to sergt.; wounded Aug. 9, 1802. 

Frank Seed, corp, reduced; taken prisoner May 25, 1S62; exchanged, 1862. 

John G. Glendenuing, Corp., reduced Nov. 21; woundi'd at Aniletara; disch. 
Jan. 15, 1863. 

David N. Hall, Corp., disch. for disability, Dec. 24, 1862. 

Daniel E. Mountfort, corp., died at Harper's Ferry, April 7, 186'2. 

Henry N. Greene, musician, disch. for disability, March 11, 1802. 

Alpheus L. Greene, musician, pro. to file-major. 

Allen, Charles F., prisoner May 25, 1802; paroled. 

Bussel, George F., disch. for disahdity, Julj 28, 1862. 

Blackwood, Benjamin, wounded at Antietam; pro. to corp. 

Cnshman, Benjamin J., died at Fi-ont Royal, July 9, 1862. 

Carey, Peter W., pro. to corp. 

Chipnian, George W. ; Delano, Theodore V.; Downes, Joseph S. 

Davey, Samuel F., pro. to corp. Co. B. 

Eiistis, Frank F., pro. to corp. 

Eustis, Leonard, prisoner. May 25 ; exchanged ; pro. to sergt. 

Farley, Alfred D. F, disch. May 23, 1862. 

Graffam, Edwin W.; Gill, George H. 

Hoyt, Benjamin G., pro. lo coi p. December, 1862. 

Johr^son, Alexander, disch. for dJs;ibility, Jan. 9, 1863, 

Jordan, James E., wounded at Antietam ; died. 

Loring, William H. H., disch. for disability, Jan. 13, 1863. 

Lovett, Simon A., disch. for disability, Jan. 8, 1803. 

Milligan, James. 

Miles, Benjamin C, wounded at Cedar Mountain; discli. Nov. 6, 1862. 

Penny, Augustus, wounded on picket; disch. April 11, 1862. 

Powers, James ;Ttand, George H. 

Roberts, Daniel S., prisoner at Winchester; died at Lynchburg, Va., Aug. 3, 
1802. 

Ryan, John ; Smith, Charles >j. 

Smith, Almado R,, wounded at Cedar Mountain. 

Stone, John, wounded at Cedar Mountain. 

Spaulding, Albert S. ; Swett, James W. 

Swett, John, Jr., taken prisoner at Winchester, Va. ; exchanged. 

Sweetser, Richmond, disch. for disability, Aug. 20, 1862. 

Sawyer, Thorudyke II., disch. for disability, June 5, 1862. 

Trowbridge, John, killed at battle of Antietam, Sept. 17, 1802. 

Tewksbury, James N., prisoner at Winchester; exchanged. - 

Ti-ask, Charles H.; Trask, George F.; Vorrill, Benjamin F. 

Varney, Oliver F., pro. to corp. in 1863. 

Westcolt, Richmond F., pro. to corp. in 1803. 

Willey, John C, pro. to corp. Nov. 21, to sergt. 1802, to 1st sergt. 1863. 

Weeks, Joseph, taken prisoner at Winchester; died at Lynchburg, Va. 

Winslow, Hiram. 

Campbell, Robert H., must. Oct. 27, 1861. 

Newell, James N. 

Waterhouse, Peter B., disch. for disability, March 11, 1862. 

Bodge, William, must. Aug. 23, 1862; transferred. 

Brett, John F., must. Aug. 23, 1862 ; tninsferred. 

Bean, William, must. Aug. 6, 1862; killed at Antietam. 

Burnell, Edward A., must. Aug. 2, 1862 ; transferred. 

Cobb, Martin L., must. Aug. 28, 1862; transferred. 

Dinsmore, John, must. Aug. 22, 1862; transferred. 

Emery, David, must. Aug. 6, 1862; transferred. 

Flanders, Daniel, must. Aug. 20, 1862; transferred. 

Flinn, John, must. Sept. 3, 1862; transferred. 

Ftpss, David, must. Aug. 18, 1862; transferred. 

Foster, Thomas, must. Aug. 6, 1802; transferred. 

Griflin, Thomas, must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. for disability, Dec. 7, 1862. 

Hanson, Ezekiel H., must. Aug. 17, 1862; transferred. 

Hoyt, George A., must. Aug. 17, 1862; transferred. 

Ilsley, Enoch B., must. Aug. B, 1862. 

Jones, Oliver, nuist. Aug. 18, 1862; transferred. 

Kerrigan, Andrew, must. March 0,1862; wounded at Cedar Mountain; disch. 
Oct. 7, 1802. 

Knight, Storer S., must. Aug. 18, 1862; transferred. 

McGinty, John, must. Aug. 6, 1862; killed at Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862. 

McGuire, Torrance, must. March 6, 1862; taken prisoner at Wincheeler; ex- 
changed ; transferred. 

McKenzio, William, must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. for disability, Dec. 5, 1862. 

O'Uara, William, must. Aug. 6, 1862; transferred. 

Parker, Nathaniel W., must. Aug. 18, 1802; disch. for dimbility, March 21, 1663. 

Plummer, Arthur, must. Aug. 23, 1862; disch. for di«iibilily, Feb. 7, 1863. 

Sawyer, Edward II., must. Aug. 18, 1862; transferred. 

Stewart, Hiram S., must. Aug. 23, 1862. 



420 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Trainer, James, must. March 6, 1862. 

Wells, John F., must. Aug. C, 1802; trans. 1803. 

Hall, Dana, trans, to non-com. staff as q.ra. sergt., 1863. 

Malian, George T., pro. to Corp. 

Neal, Ansel, must. Ang. 20, 1862 ; transferred. 

COMPANY C. 
Muslered in Oct. 5, 1801 ; discharged May 8, 1863. 
Charles E. Jordan, sergt., taken prisoner at Frederick, Md.; paroled. 
Ueorge H. Hurd, sergl., killed at Cedar Mountain. 
Henry A. Bnruham, sergt. 
Robert M. Weeks, sergt., taken prisoner at Cedar Mountain; exchanged; 

trans, as com. sergt., 1803. 
Henry M. Smith, Corp., wounded at Antietam; disch. Feb. 5, 18G3. 
William P. Hamilton, Corp., wounded at Winchester and at Cedar MountHin ; 

trans. 1863. 
Henry A. Plummer, Corp., taken prisoner at Winchester; exchanged; pro. to 

sergt.; disch. May 8, 18G3. 
Valentine R. Jackson, Corp., taken prisoner at Winchester; reduced. 
David G. Warner, musician, taken prisoner May 25 ; disch. June 18, 1862. 
Frederick W. Stone, musician. 
Burnham, Charles, disch. Juno 18. 
Cobb, Benjamin F., disch. Nov. 27, 1862. 
Conway, John ; Downes, Jdlin W. C. 
Devine, Anthony, taken prisoner May 25; exchanged. 
Olendenning, Thomas M., disch. June 18, 1802. 
Knight, William W., pro. to Corp.; taken prisoner Aug. 18, 1862; exchanged; 

pro. to sergt., 1803. 
Knight, George E., pro. to Corp., 1863. 
Knowles, John, trans, to Co. H. 
Lane, Solomon, trans, to Co. II. 
Morse, William. 

Moore, Edward K., must. Aug. 5, 1862; trans. 1803. 
Pennell, Edwin W. ; Bider, Albert S. 
Rider, Mark, pro. to Corp., 1862. 

Russell, William 0.; Stevens, Charles W.; Smellage, Charles E. 
Soule, George A., wounded Aug. 9, 1802. 
Spring, F. A. 

Tighe, Dennis, wounded at Cedar Mountain. • 

Newbold, Andrew D., taken prisoner May 25 ; paroled ; disch. Aug. 10, 1862. 
Atchcrson, John, pro. to Corp., 1863. 
Love, William H., taken prisoner May 28, 1862. 
Hanson, Niles A., wounded at Antietam; transferred. 
Boody, Francis G., must. Nov. 27, 1861 ; taken prisoner May 26, 1862 ; exchanged ; 

disch. February, 1863. 
Farr, David, must. 27, 1861 ; wounded at Antietam. 
Williams, John A., must. Nov. 27, 1801 ; disch. July 2, 1802. 
Winslow, William A., must. Nov. 27, 1861 ; taken prisoner at Winchester, Va. ; 

exchanged. 
Ross, William B., must. Nov. 27, 1861. 
Goodhue, John, must. Nov. 27, 1861. 

Chickering, Sabine C, must. Oct. 10, 1861 ; disch. Jau. 23, 1862. 
Ballon, Adin, must. Aug. 13, 1802. 

Bonney, Edwin W., must. Aug. 5, 1802 ; killed at Antietam, Sept. 7, 1802. 
Boody, Leonard G., must. Aug. 9, 1862. 
Buck, Daniel F., must. March 20, 1802. 
Buckman, Amos, must. March 20, 1862. 

Doody, John H., must. July 3, 1862 ; wounded at Antietam ; transferred. 
Terrell, William E., must. Aug. 11, 1862; transferred 1863. 
Green, Charles A., must. Aug. 23, 1862; transferred. 
Gurney, Dexter, must. Aug. 23, 1862. 
Jordan, Leonard G., must. Aug. 22, 1802; transferred. 
Moore, Edward K., must. Aug. 0, 1862. 
Sheridan, James, must. Aug. 2, 1802 ; transferred. 
Small, Joseph B., must. Aug. 6, 1802; transferred. 
Stackpole, Daniel W., must. March 21, 1862. 
Ballon, Adin, must. Aug. 13, 1862 ; transferred. 

COMPANY D. 
Mustered in Oct. 4, 1861. 
Charles Kehoe, musician, trans, to loth Battalion and 29th Maine Inf. 
McNully, John, wounded at Cedar Mountain; disch. March 10, 1863. 
McNally, Patrick, killed at Cedar Mountain. 
Smith, James, disch. for disability, Nov. 22, 1802. 

McGowon, Michael, must. Nov. 15, 1861; taken prisoner Aug. 20, 1862; ex- 
changed ; trans, to 29th Maine Inf. 
Plummer, Daniel, must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; killeil at Cedar Mountain. 
Peaboily, William D., must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; trans, to Co. A. 
Marshall, George, must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; trans, to Co. A, October 20. 

COMPANY E. 
Mustered in Oct. 4, 1861 ; discharged May 8, 1863. 
Joseph Perley, sergt., pro. to 2d lieut. 
Herbert R. Sargent, sergt., pro. to 2d lloul., to let lieut., and to capt. ; wounded 

Aug. 9, 1862. 
diaries S. Tr.iwbridge, sergt. 
Theodore H. Lombard, sorgt. 
Asa S. Cox, Corp. 



George A. Smith, Corp., pro. to sergt. ; wounded at Antietam ; pro. to 1st sergt. 

December, 1862. 
.Toseph F. Mackin, Corp., wounded at Slaughter Mountain, Aug. 9, 1862; re- 
duced by request. 
Turney Carey, musician. 
Joshua R. King, wagoner. 

Bnratow, Samuel R. ; Bragdon, Charles W. M. ; Chase, Wilber F. 
Douglass, Jeremiah S., pro. to Corp. ; pro. to sergt. December, 1862. 
Davis, Wiltiuni E., pro. to com. sergt. 
Goold, Josiah. 

Green, Charles R., disch. for disability, June 20, 1802. 
Hayes, John O. ; Haskell, William T. 

Johnson, Thomas, taken prisoner May 25, 1862; exchanged. 
Simpson, George W., drowned at Sandy Hook, Md., May 3, 1862. 
Smith, Harrison W., wounded Aug. 9; pro. to Corp. May 3, 1862. 
St. John, William E. 

Trcfethen, Clifford J., pro. to Corp. Jan. 7, 1863. 
Roach, Edward, died at Harper's Ferry, Va., May 13, 1802. 
Hartshorne, Frederick A., must. Oct. 26, 1861. 
Hefion, Thomas, must. Oct. 10, 1861. 

Lowry, William, must. Oct. 16, 1861 ; taken prisoner May 26, 1802; exchanged. 
Howe, James R., must. Oct. 16, 1801. 
Cook, David W., must. Oct. 16, 1861. 
Damren, Dasten, must. Oct. 16, 1861. 
Cook, Hiram T., must. Oct. 10, 1801 ; pro. to Corp. ; taken prisoner May 25, 1802 ; 

. exchanged ; pro. to sergt. December, 1802. 
Chase, Samuel R., must. Oct. 16, 1861 ; taken prisoner. 
Chase, Edward E., must. Nov. 27, 1861. 

Coolbrolh, William, must. Oct. 10, 1801 ; disch. for disability, Aug. 1, 1862. 
Barbour, Joseph H., must. Sept. 18, 1862 ; died Jan. 9, 186:i. 
Gould, John M., must. Oct. 5, 1862 ; pro. to sergt.-maj. and lieut. 

COMPANY I. 
Mustered in Oct. 4, 1864; discharged May 7, 1864. 
Benjamin T. Witliam, sergt., disch. for disability, March 11, 1862. 
Hezekiah Atwood, sergt., pro. to Ist sergt.; discharged May 7, 1863. 
Nathaniel D. Ripley, Corp. 
Cobb, Charles. 

Cluskey, Peter, pro. to Corp.; wounded :it Antietam. 
Deland, Daniel, Jr., disch. for disability, May 19, 1862. 
Dunn, Charles F., disch. Feb. 2, 1862. 
Foster, Samuel H. 

Johnson, Andrew J., wounded at Cedar Mountain. 
Murphy, William H., pro. to Corp. July, 1862. 
Rolf, Benjamin F. 

Scainmon, Isaac W., disch. for disability. May 30, 1862. 
Turner, Moses, taken prisoner May 25, 1862; exchanged. 
Terhune, Stephen. 
Thomas, Walter H., trans, to band ; must, out of service with band, September, 

1862. 
Littlefield, Charles, disch. for disability, June 2, 1862. 
Arnold, William P., must. Oct. 16,1861. 

Golden, William P., must. Oct. 10, 1801 ; tnken prisoner May 25, 1862 ; exchanged. 
Murphy, James, must. Oct. 10, 1861 ; disch. Feb. 21, 1862. 
Moulton, Matthias, must. Ang. 18, 1862 ; transferred. 

Murphy, Thomas, must. Aug. 6, 1802; disch. for disability, March 17, 1863. 
Walker, Ferdinand F., must. Aug. 12, 1802; disch. for disability, Jan. 31, 1863. 

COMPANY K. 
Mustered in Oct. 4, 1861. 
Eaton, James D.; killed at Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862. 
Pio, James H., wounded at Cedar Mountain. 
Reynolds, George W. 
Duston, William H., must. Aug. 21, 1862. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 
William W. Sewall, musician, Co. F; must. Oct. 4, 1801; disch. May 7, 1863. 
Sidney, Philip, Co. F ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Devine, Anthony, Jr., Co. F ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; trans, to Co. C. 
O'Neil, Lanty, Co. F ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; disch. May 7, 1863. 
Pote, Isaac J., Co. F ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. May 7, 1863. 
Smellage, George W., Co. F ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. May 7, 1863. 
Prindall, Edward L., Co. F; must. Sept. 2, 1863; transferred. 
Gaitley, Martin, Co. F; must. Sept. 9, 1802 ; transferred. 
Turner, John F., Co. F ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; transferred. 
Veazie, Edwin B., Co. V; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. for disability, April 30, 

1863. 
McGoverin, Dennis, Co. F ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; transferred. 
Robert H. Murphy, musician, Co.G ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. May 8, 1863. 
Kiestard, Luke, Co. G ; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Antietam ; died Sept. 

18, 1802. 
Field, Alvin, Co. H ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; killed at Cedar Mountain, Ang. 9, 1862. 

ELEVENTH INFANTEY. 

COMPANY A. 
Sylvester C. Moody, fife-miyor, disch. October, 1862. 

Thomas K. Jones, musician, regimental band ; disch. Aug. 12, 1802, with the 
band. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



421 



Benjamin F. Brown, musician, regimeiikil band ; disch. Aug. 12, 18G1, with tlio 

Willinm H. Kaler, seigt., detached to Signal Corps, Dec. 15, 186-1. 

Geoige A. Bakeman, Corp., wounded at Fair Oalts; detached to Artillery on 

M..rria Island, 8. C, 1803. 
Lee, William G., pro. to sergt. and di'tached to Ambulance Corps; reduced lo 

Corp. May, ISM ; disch. Nov. 18, 1S64. 
I,ynch, George, trans, to Artillery on Morris Island, 18G3 ; disch. Nov. 18, 1864. 
Leinnd, Thomas, died at Baltimore, June 3, 1862. 

Osborne, George F., acting hospital steward, 4th South Carolina V<ds., 1863. 
Dears, John E., must. Nov. 7, 1861 ; disch. for disability, March 14, 1863. 

COMPANY C. 
Ames, Henry, must. Oct. 11, 1864; detached to headquarters 1st Division, 24th 

Army Corps. 
Donahue, Thomas, must. Oct. 12, 1864. 
Ford, Bartholomew, must Oct. 11, 1864. 
Haulan, Thomas, must. Oct. 18, 1864. 
Hanson, Peter, must. Oct. 12, 1864; sick at end of war. 
Jones, Edward, must. Oct. 13, 1864 ; in hospital Feb. 2, 1866. 
Johnsmi, Thomas, must. Oct. 11, 1863; prisoner at end of war. 
Kelly, John, must. Oct. 11, 1864. 
Lucas, David, must. Oct. 11, 1804. 
McGinness, James E., must. July 28, 1863. 
Itandall, James, must. Oct. 11, 1864. 
Soulhwick, Morris, must. Oct. 11, 1864. 
StinsoD, James, must. July 14, 1863. 

COMPANY D. 
Cannavan, John, must. Oct. 11, 1864. 
Geary, Geoi ge, must. Oct. 18, 1864. 

Lane, Otis, must. Nov. 10, 1803; leg broken May 2(, 1861. 
Yon Siebold, Alexander, regimental clerk, must. Aug. 28, 1863. 

COMPANY E. 
Arent, William, must. Oct. 18, 1864. 
Farnham, George H., must. Oct. 5, 1864. 

Kincaid, William R., must. Aug. 8, 1863 ; lost an arm Aug. 14, 1864. 
McMannus, Thomas, must. Sept. 30, 1864. 
Smith, George E., must. Oct. 19, 1864. 
Simmons, Charles, must. Oct 18, 1864. 
Walker, John, must. Oct. 13, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 
Charles H. Scott, sergt., must. Nov. 7, 1861 ; pro. to 1st sergt. Oct. 1863; re- 

enl. Jan. 15, 1864. 
John C. Ross, Corp., must. Nov. 7, 1861 ; disch. for disability, May 28, 1862. 
Gribbln, Wesley, must. Nov. 7, 1861; disch. Oct. 22, 1862. 
GriUbin, Watson R., must. Nov. 7, 1861 ; disch. Oct. 22, 1862. 
Lemont, John F., must. Nov. 7, I8G1 ; disch. by War Dept. order. 
Smith, George S., must. Nov. 12, 1861 ; disch. for disability, Sept. 27, 1862. 
Walsh, Ambrose F., must. Nov. 7, 1861 ; pro. to corp. May 20, 1863 ; disch. Nov. 

18, 1864. 
Wyer, Eleazer, must. Nov. 7,1861; taken prisoner at Fair Oaks; exchanged; 

died Nov. 13, 1863. 
Ileom, John A., must. Oct. 14, 1S64. 
Hall, William, must. July 11, 1864. 
Meservey, John, must. Aug. 25, 1863. 
Witham, John R., must. Aug. 7, 1863. 

COMPANY K. 
Conlin, Martin, must. Oct. 12, 1864. 
Clark, John, must. Oct. 3. 1864. 
Coskil, William, must. Oct. 12, 1864. 
Hunter, John, must. Oct. 11, 1864. 
Jones, James, must. Oct. 12, 1864. 
Welch, John, must. Oct. 12, 1864. 

TWELFTH INFANTRY. 

John W. Dana, sergt.-maj., pro. to 2d lieut. 

Cliarles D. Webb, q.m. sergt., pro. to lieut. Co. A, Nov. 21, 1861. 

Julius A. Drake, com. sergt, died July 27, 1863. 

Sargent S. P. Coe, hosp. steward ; disch. for disability, July 17, 1862. 

COMPANY A. 
George F. McDonald, sergt., must. Nov. 21, 1861 ; pro. to 1st sergt. .Sept. 6, 1863. 
Abbott, Charles H., must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; disch. for disability. 
Cochran, John, must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; trans, to U. S. Army by request. 
Mitchell, Joshua, must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; re-enlisted ; trans, to 12th Maine Art. 
Libliy, Edmund P., must. Nov. 16, 1861; re-enlisted; taken prisoner Sept. 19, 

1864 ; trans, to 12th Maine Bat. 
Raymond, Augustus H., must. Dec. 9, 1861 ; re-enl. in 12th Maine Bat 
Whittier, Oliver G., must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; disch. for disability, June 17, 1862. 
Wlllard, Daniel, must Nov. 15, 1861 ; detached to U. S. Signal Corps. 
Allen, Jesse B., trans, from Co. B, must. Nov. 16, 1861. 
Carter, Henry T., trans, from Co. B; pro. to 1st lieut 1st Louisiana Vols. 
Libby, George H., trans, from Co. B. 
Melody, Patrick, trans, f i om Co. B ; ro-enlistcd ; trans, to 12th Maine Bat. 



COMPANY B. 
Mustered in Nov. 16, 1861. 
Edward P. Wyer, sergt, mu-t Nov. 20, 1861 ; pro. to 1st sergt. Oct. 25, 1862. 
Stephen 11. Guplil, sergt., re-enllsted ; reduced ; trans, to I2th Maine Bat 
James Bon y, sergt, detached ; trans, to 12th Maine Bat. 

John D. Williams, sergt, must Nov. 20,1861; disch. for disability, Feb. 2,1862. 
Freeman N. Boynlou, Corp., pro. to sergt; missing in battle, Oct 19, I8C4. 
Robert I. Files, Corp., trans, lo 12th Maine But; disch. for disabilily, March 

12, 1862. 
William Fraser, Corp., pro. to sergt. April, 186:!; trans, to 12lli Maine Bat. 
Charles H. Blake, Corp., pro. to sergt ; disch. Dec. 7, 1864. 
Leander Holmes, Corp., di-ch. Dec. 7, 1864. 
A. George Bonny, Corp., re-enlisted; trans, to 12lh Maine Bat. 
John Grilfln, musician, disch. Dec. 7, 1864. 
A. G. Rolibins, wagoner, died at New Orleans, July 22, 1S62. 
Addison, Henry, must Dec. 11, 1861 ; disch. April 4, 1862. 
Allen, Jesse B., trans, to Co. A. 

Blake, Isaac W., pro. to Corp. ; detached in 180-3; disch. Nov. 10, 1864. 
Brooks, William E., drowned at Ship Island, April 5, 1802. 
Castle, Uwrence, re-enllsted; taken prisoner. Sept 19, 1864. 
Chapman, Rufua G., must Nov. 2n, 1801 ; trans, to Co. K. 
Dinbon, Simon, must. Nov. 20, 1861 ; sent to Ship Island, Nov. 14, 1863. 
Enrighl, John, must Nov. 20, 1801 ; disch. for disability. Sept 0, 1863. 
Eldir, Samuel H., disch. for disnbilil.v, Sept 2o, 1862. 

Frazier, John, detached as orderly at brigade lieadq'rs, 1863; disch. May, 1864. 
Gould, Lucich H., re-enlisted ; trans, to 12th Maine Bat. 
Hunt, Hibbard, must Nov. 20, 1861 ; left at Camp Chase, Lowell, Mass., Jan. 2, 

1862 ; disch. for disability, Jan. 2, 1862. 
Keenan, Fnmcis, trans, to Ship Island by court-martial. 
Lil.by, George H., must. Nov. 20, 1861 ; trans, to Co. A. 
LouiOnrd, Blanchard, must Nov. 2U, 1861 ; wounded Sept. 19, 1864. 
Lizotle, Fran<;oi,-i, killed in action, June 19, 1863. 
Lane, Ivory, must Nov. 20, 1861 ; disch. for disability, Aug. 20, 1862. 
Locke, Joseph I., must. Nov. 20, 1861 ; trans, to Co. K. 
Morse, Melville W., drowned at Ship Island, April 5, 1862. 
McLellan, Charies E., pro. to Corp. ; died June 11, 1863. 
Mack, George II., must Nov. 20, 1861. 
Melody, Patrick, must. Nov. 20, 1861 ; trans, to Co. A. 
Merrill, John K., must. Nov. 20, 1861 ; disch. Dec. 7, 1864. 
Purinton, Albert H., must Nov. 20, 1861 ; disch. to bo officer in Corps dWfrique. 
Parker, Arthur, must. Nov. 20, 1861 ; trans, to Co. E. 
Robinson, James, disch. for disjibility. 
Smith, Gu-stavus, pro. to Corp.; re-enlisted; pro. to Ist sergt.; trans, to 12th 

Maine Bat. 
Swett, John B., must. Nov. 20, 1861. 

Strong, George, must. Dec. 0, 1861 ; killed in battle. May 27, 1863. 
Tibbets, Harrison, re-enlisted ; trans, to 12th Maine Bat. 
Welch, Robert B., died April 10, 1863. 
Wood, James S., disch. Dec. 7, 1864. 
Dana, John W., must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; pro. to 2d lieut. on signal service, 1802. 

COMPANY C. 
Mustered in Nov. 15, 1861. 
John Mulvey, sergt., wounded and taken prisoner at Ponchatoula. 
Green, Samuel C, must Dec. 5, 1861; re-enlisted; pro. to Corp.; trans, lo 12lh 



Ma 



iBat. 



180.1. 
eBat. 



idedOct. 19,1864; 



Williams, Samuel,mu8t Dec. 25, 1861 ; disch. March 13, 1863. 

COMPANY G. 
Dana, John W., capt., must. Nov. 16, 1861; trans, to 12th Maine 
Rider, Moses A., must Feb. 19, 1862; trans, to 12th Maine Bat. 
Willey, William C, must. May 26, 1864. 

COMPANY H. 
Doyle, John, must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; re-enl. in U. S. Army 
Bragdon, Gideon, must. Jan. 5, 1864. 
Clark, William, must. May 28, 1864; trans, to 12th Mail 
Smith, George W., must Nov. 18, 1803. 
Bleseth, Lewis P., musician, Co. I; must. Feb. 28, 1861; 
trans, to 12th Maine Bat 

COMPANY K. 
Samuel H. Fernald, sergt, injured by a fall on board the " Constitution," 1862 ; 

sent to Portland, 1862. 
William A. Chase, sergt, disch. for disability, April 14, 1862. 
Brick, Benjamin F. 
O'Neill, William, must. Manh 14, 1864; trans, lo ISth Maine Bat. 

THIETEENTH INFANTRY. 
George H. Dow, com. sergt, must Doc. 10, 1861 ; disch. for dis.abilily, July 26, 

1862. 
Burrelt.H. Beale, com. sergt., must. Sept 13, 1863 ; r.-euli.led; transferred. 

COMPANY A. 

Mustered Nov. 20, 1861. 
Thomas J. Fish, sergt, reduced by courl-martial ; disch. for promotion in Corps 
d'Afrique, 1863. 



422 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



COMPANY E. 
MiistiTi'd Dec. 1(1, 1861. 
\Vo8lpy Gribbin, corp., re-enlisted ; trnnuferred. 
Cross, Albion P., died nt Sliip Isbuid, June 25, 1862. 
Grnlniin, Nelson V., pro. to corp. April 25, 186:i; re-onlisted. 
Grant, .lotlnvra P., re-enl. Feli. 20, 1864; transferred. 
Hall, K.lward S., re-enl. Keb. 29, 1861 ; tr.insforred. 
Lcmont, John F., re-i-nl. Feb. 29, 1S64 ; Innslerrert. 

Loikliart. Djiniol P. II., njust. Jan. 20, 1862; ro-enl. Feb. 20, 1804 ; pro. to Corp. 
Iransf.Treil. 

COMPANY F. 

Mubtired in I) c.lo, 1S6I. 

liragdon, .lolin F., must. Jan. 2:1, 1862; re-cnlistcd; niis-ing in action, April 9, 

1804. 
Hnrns, John, ninst. Jan 2:1,1802; re-cni. Feb. 20, 1864; transferred. 
Carrnthers, Edwin J., ninst. Jan. 2», 1802; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; transferred. 
Reuben T. Jordan, sergt., pnt. to Ist lieut. 1862. 
Samuel 0. Waterliou<e, sei i5t., discli. for disubilily, April 10, 1862. 
William Freeman, sergt , pro. lo 1st sergt. and 2d lieut. in 1802. 
Franklin E. II..lmes, serj;!., pro. lo 1st sergt. Nov. 1802; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; 

translerretl. 
William 11. Mills, Corp., diach. Aug. 29, 1S02. 

Oils Wyer, wagoii-r, sick at New Orieans on must r-ont of company. 
Beale, Burrett II., pro. to n.m. seigl. 186:!. 
Davis, John H., disch. with company, Jan. 6, 1805. 
Flaherty, Patrick II , Irau.s. to Vet. Ilea. Corps. 
Gill, Leonard F., killed in battle, April 9, 1804. 
Harmon, Phineas F., diseh. loi- il sability, Aug. 20, 1802. 
Hartford, Solomon, disch. with company, Jan. 6, 186.5. 
Jordan, Albus R. 

Jackson, Cliaries A., re-enl. Feb. 29, 1804. 
Libby, Arthur, disch. with company, Jan. 6, 1864. 
Libby, Frank G , missing in battle, April 9, 1864. 
Trundy, .\lbert C, pro to com. sergt. 
Whiltier, Charles F., disch. for disability, April 2, 1802. 

COMPANY G. 
Mustered in Dec. 12, 1861. 
Flavius 0. Beal, sergt., disch. by Supreme Court of Maine, Feb. 7, 1862. 
Charles H. Thoma.s, sergt., pro. lo 1st sergt., Dec. 12, 1861 ; disch. with company, 

Jan. 6, 1805. 
Lorenzo Merrill, sergt., diiich. for disability, April 2, 1862. 
John Buddeli, Jr, Corp., died Fob. 11. 180). 
John H, F. Smith, coi p., disch. for disability, April 1, 1862. 
Rich, Marshall H., Corp., must. Dec. 25, 1861 ; le-enl. Feb. 29, 1804; transferred. 
GreenliefT. Beny, corp, re-enl. Feb. 29, 1804; pro. to sergt.; transferred. 
William H. Cleveland, Corp., must. Dec. 25, 1801 ; resigned ; sick since Nov. 13, 

1864 ; disch. at end of war. 
Elisha T. F. Kobinson, musician, must. Dec. 28, 1861 ; disch. for disability, June 

22, ISKi. 
Burns, Eben .S., pro. to Corp., April, 1862 ; re-eul. Feb. 29, 1864 ; transferred. 
Dolierty, William, disch. with company, Jan. 6, 1865. 
Ilasty, Perry, disch. for disability, Oct. 27, 1862. 
Harrington, Benjamin, disch. for disability, April 11, 1862. 
llamnion, John A., disch. for disability, April 11, 1802. 
Hart, Thomas A , re-enl. Feb. 29, 1804 ; trtinsferred. 
Johnstun, Richard B., re-enl. Feb. 29, 1804; transferred. 
Johnston, Charles A., ri'-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; pro. to Corp.; transferred. 
Lartd, ('yrus J., disch. Jan. 0, 18b5. 

Skillings, William H., died at Fort Jackson, Aug. 9, 1802. 
Wilcox, George, detached as hospital nurse, 186:i, 
Haskell, George W., disch. Jan. 6, 1866. 
Pine, Thomas H., re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; transferred. 
Forsaith, George, must. Doc. 28, 1801; detached at Ship Island, in 1802. 
Boll. George M., must. Jan. 16, 1862. 

Wilcox, George, must. Feb 29, 1804; detached; tmnsferred. 
Forsaith, George, must. Dee. 28, 1801 ; pro. to Corps d'Afriqne. 
Boll, George, drummer, must. Jan. 16, 1862; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1801; transferred. 
Rich, Marshall II., must. Dec. 25, 1861 ; pro. to corp., Dec. 1, 1862; re-enl. Keb. 

29, 1804; transferred. 
Sargent, William H , mu^t. Jan. 25, 1862 ; pro. to sergt. and 1st lieut. in 1802. 

COMPANY II. 
Mustered in Dec. 12, ISCl. 
Bcattio, Frederick A., must. Jan. 23, 1802 ; pio. to corp , Aug. 28, 1863. 
George W. Sawyer, sergt., reduced 1863; pro. to sergt,; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; 

tnmsferretl. 
Henry N. Phelps, corp., reduced 1862; reenl. Feb. 29, 1864; transferred. 
BlU^on, George W., re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; transferred. 
GranUm, Peter A., disch. with company, Jan. 0, 1865. 
Pheliw, William H., re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864; transferred. 
Thurston, Charles B., pro. to scigt , Aug. 3, 186:1; disch. Jan. 6, ISO.i. 
Twitchell, Llewellyn B., re-enl.; died Aug. 20, 1864. 
Tief, Nicolons, re-enl. Feb. 20, 1804 ; transferred. 
Webater, Otis J., detached; disch. Jan. 6, 1805. 



Brown, Daniel A., mu.it. Sept. 19, 1864 ; transferred. 

Danahue, John, must. Sept. 19,1864. 

Phelps, John N., must. Sept. 19, 1864; transferred. 

Whitney, Charles II., mn»t. Sept 22, 1804; transfeired. 

Watson, William, must. June 15, 1861. 

Dennison, John H., Co. I; must. Dec. 31, 1801: pro. to i-orp.; re-enl. Feb. 29, 

1864; transferred. 
Gould, Charles F., d. I; must. Jan. 9, 1862 ; trans. Feb, 29, 1H64. 
Styles, Charles, Co. I ; must. Jan. 9. 1S62; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1804 ; Iransferred. 
Baker, Albert T., Co. K ; must. Dec. 13, 181.1 ; db"l at Fort M ic.inb, Aug. 29, 

FIFTEENTH INFANTBY. 

COMPANY A. 
n T., must. Dec. 31, 1801 ; trans, to Co. D. 



Debray, W 
Jordan, Daniel 



u»t. Dec. 31, 1801 ; died at Carrollton, June 21, 1862. 



COMPANY D. 



Crowley, John, must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Do Creucy, Warren T., must. Dec. 10, 1801 ; re-enl. Jan. 25, 1804. 

Ellsworth, Henry, must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Gbws, John, must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Haggett, John, must. Dec. lu. 1861 ; pro. to Corp. ; reduceil ; detached. 

Johnson, Nathaniel, must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Keiiistoad, Samuel, must. Dec. 10, 1801. 

Luis, John, must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Luis, Ilazen, must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; trans, from Co. A ; disch. Oct. 17, 1803. 

Pearsons, Henry, must. Dec. 23, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 25, 1864. 

Winslow, Orlando, must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 25, 1864. 

Ray, George II., must. April 6, 1862; re-enl. Jan. 25, 1864. 

Bailey, Clarence, Co. K; must. March 5, 1862; disch. for disabilily. May 17, 

1804. 
Wilson, Richard B., Co. I; must. Jan. 16, 1862 ; discli. Jan. 19, 1865. 
Locke, John, Co. C ; nmst. Feb. 26, 1862 ; q.m. sergt., Oct. 1, 1863 ; returned to 

company, 1864.- 
McFayden, Alexander, Co. C; must. Feb. 26, 1862; detached 1863. 
Crowell, Jesse H., Co. G; must. Jan. 3, 1862; pro. to Ist sergt., Oct. 1, 1862. 
Walker, James, Co. G: must. Jan. 27, 1862; became insane; confined at Car- 

rollton, La, 
Devlin, John, musician, Co. I; must. Jan. 25, 1804; tr.ins. January, 1805. 
Greely, Charles, Co. I; must. Jan. 10, 1862. 

SIXTEENTH INFANTRY. 

COMPANY A. 
Barrett, William, must. Aug. 1, 1863; trans, to Navy. 
Bovard, John, must. Aug. 4, 1863 ; trans, to Co. I, Nov. 15, 1864. 
Blacklock, Archibald, must. Aug. 8, 186:); trans, to Co. U, 1804. 
Dolan, Patrick, sub., must. Aug. 7, 1863; trans, to Co. G, 1864. 
Eldridge, Albert, must. Nov. 16, 1804; trans, to 20th Maine Regt., June, I860. 

COMPANY B. 
Minnick, John, must. Feb. 21, 1864 ; trans, to Navy. 
Knowlton, Frank, must. Sept. 7, 1864. 

Brown, Daniel B., must. Oct. 7, 1804; trans, to 20lh Maine Regt., June, 1805. 
Beal.Sewall G., must. Sept. 18, 1803; trans, to a)tb Maine Regt., June, 1806. 
Boyd, John, must. Oct. 7, 1864 ; died Dec. 17, 1864. 

COMPANY C. 
McGowell, William, must. Aug. 4, 1803; trans, to Navy. 

lUBt. Sept. 6, 1804 ; die.l Nov. 7, 1804. 

oust. Jan. 13, 1804; trans, to 20th Maine Uegt., June, 



Atkinson, Abu 
English, Willii 

ISfK). 

Grant, .lohn, must. Oct. 5, 1S64; trans, to 20th Maine Regt. 
.Seavoy, John, must. Nov. 2, 1864; trans, to 20th Maine Regt. 

COMPANY D. 
Townsend, Lysander P., must. Jnly 14, 1863; disch. June 17, 1865. 
Morrdl, William, must. Oct. 9, 1864; disch. Jnne 5, 1865. 
Brougliton, William, must. Aug. 14, 1802; pro. to 2d lieut. Co. I. 
Bowie, Edwin R.. must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to corp. and sergt.; disch. with the 

company, Jnne 6, 1865. 
Holt, George S., must. Aug. 14, 1862; mounded at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 

1802; disch. Junes, 1865. 
Lanning, Michael S., must. Aug. 14. 1802; disch. Feb. 27, 1863. 
Jlason, James S.. must. Aug. 14, 1862; discli. March 10, 1863. 
Miiriihy, James, must. Aug. 14, 1862. 

Brown, Charles, must. July 31, 1863; died at Washington, D. C, May 3, 1804. 
Brown, George, must July 28, 1863; wounded; trans, to 2Uth Maine Regt., 

Jnne, 1805. 
liodson, William, must. Aug. 8, 1863; prisoner; exchanged; died June 7, 1865. 
Burns, Davbl, must. Aug. 7, 186:); trans, to Invalid Corps, April 20, 1864. 
Blake, William, must. Aug. 10, 186:1; tmns. to 20tli Maine Regt., Jnne, 1805. 
I,eakor, George, must. Sept. II, 186:!; taken prisoner; ttaus. to 2Uth Maine 

• Regt. ; si. k, June, 1865. 
Mulayhan, Thomas, must. Aug. 18, 186:1; womulc.l Jlay 6, 1864 ; trans. I" Co. D, 

13th Vet. Res. Corps. 
Pi-uy, George H., must. Aug. 8, 1863; trans, to 20lli Maine Regt, .liine, 1805. 



KOSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



423 



Thninpson, Amos S., must. July 30, 18G3 ; disch. for disability, Dec. 19, 1863. 
Belongey, Morris, must. Nov. 11, 1864; trans, to 2Utli Maine Kegt. 

COMPANY E. 
Baron, Alfred, must. Aug. 1, 1863. 

Blodgett, Lorenzo D., must. Aug. 1, 1863; died Nov. 1, 1863. 
Blodgett, Hiinilin L., must. July 13, 1863; died May 15, 18C5. 
Colten, Charles, must. Aug. 5,1803. 

Davis, Henry L., must. Sept. 17, 186.3; trans, to 20th Maine Regt., June, 18G5. 
Downs, Ezekiel C, must. Aug. 5, 1863; trans, to 2ath Maine Kegt. 
Kay, John M., must July 31, 1863 ; trans, to 20th Maine Eegt. 
Keefe, John, must. July 28, 1863. 

McKillop, Douiild, must. July 31, 1863; tran«. to 20th Maine Regt. 
WcNuUy, George, must. July 29, 1803; wounded April 1, 1865 ; disch. May 30, 

1865. 
O'Dea, Thoma-s, must. Sept. 19, 1803; trans, to 20th Maine Regt. 
Peters, Jolin, must. July 29, 1863. 
Weslfal, William, must. Aug. 1, 1.SG3. 

Getcliell, Anilrew, must. Aug. 18, 1863 ; tmns. to 20th Maine Regt. 
Newell, Albert W., must. Oct. 6, 1864; disch. June 5, 1865. 
Newell, James N., niu»t. Oct. 6, 1864; killed Feb. 6, 1805. 
Kowe, Charles A., must. Oct. 7,1864; trans, to 20lh Maine Regt , June, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 
Blake, Frederic \V. C, must. Sept. 12, 1863; died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 1, 

1865. 
Wilson, Charles, nrast. Oct. 7, 1864; trans, to 201h Maine Eegt., June, 1865. 

COMPANY G. 
Boyle, Barney, must. Aug. 5, 1803 ; disch. 1865. 

Collins, George, must. Aug. 4, 1863; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps, March 15, 1865. 
Green, James, must. Aug. 7, 1863; disch. April, 1864. 

Mullin, Jc.hu, must. Aug. 8, 1803; disch. April 19, 1864, to enter the Navy. 
Piper, Merrill J., must. Sept. 3, 1863 ; disch. for disability, Dec. 22, 186.3. 
Sanders, Richard, mtlot. Aug. 7, 1863; taken prisoner; exchanged; trans to 

20th Maine l£egt., June, 1865. 
Shaff, Charles P., must. July 1, 186:1 ; trans, to 20th Maine Regt., June, 1865. 
Sidney, John, must. Aug. 3, 1863; disch. to enter Navy, April 19. 
Slavin, John, ujust. Aug. 5, 1863; disch. May 18, 1865. 
Smith, James A., must. July 28, 1803; disch. for disability, Jan. 7, 1865. 
Smith, James, must. Aug. 6, 1863; prisoner; paroled, and trans, to 20th Maine 

Regt. 
Smith, William, must. Aug. 3, 1863 ; disch. for disability, Nov. 12, 1863. 

COMPANY H. 
Cranipton, Charles, mu.st. July 31, 1803; token prisoner Aug. 18; trans, to 

20th Maine Regt. 
Garrow, Solomon, must. July 31, 1863 ; trans, to 20th Maine Regt. 
Gammou, Ralph, must. Aug. lu, 1863 ; trans, to 2uth Maine Regt. 
Gilbert, Lewis, must. July 30, 1863; disch. June 5, 1805. 
Graham, John It., must. July 10, 1863; trans, to 20th Maine Regt. 
Gould, Charles H., must. Sept. 15, 1863; taken prisoner ; exchanged ; trans, to 

20th Maine Regt. 
Haley, John, must. July 29, 1863; disch. 1805. 

Hartnett, William, must. July 31, 1863; Iraus. to 20th Maine Regt. 
H..yt, Lemuel T., must. July 14, 1863; prisoner; died April 1, 1805. 
Junes, Frank, must. Aug. 3, 1863; trans, to 20th Maine Kegt. 
Johnson, George, must. Aug. 10, 1803 ; trans, to Navy, April, 1865. 
Kuapp, Walter, must. Aug. 3, 1863. 

Nason, William H., must. Aug. 5, 1863; disch. Jan. 6, 1865. 
Winn, Bradford, must. Sept. 15, 1863 ; pro. to corp. ; trans, to 20th Maine Regt., 

June 5, 1805. 
Leslie, James W., must. Nov. 22, 1804; disch. Jan. 25, 1865. 

COMPANY I. 
Carr, George, must, Aug. 4, 1863. 
Clifford, Hermon, must. Aug. 3, 1863; wounded May 8, 1865; trans, to 20th 

Maine Kegt. 
Carson, Joseph, must. July 28, 1863: trans, to 20th Maine Regt. 
Campbell, Thomas, nuist. July 31, 1863. 

Dunn, John, must. July 31, 1803; pro. to Corp.; trans, to 20th Maine Regt. 
Troop, Andrew, must. Sept. 20,1863. 
Walker, George U., must. Aug. 10,1863; trans, to 20th Maine Regt. 

COMPANY K. 
Carney, James, must. Aug. 1, 1863. 
Joseph, Angel, must. Aug. 3, 1803. 

Logan, John, must. July 31, 1863; disch. for disability, Jan. 10, 186.5. 
McGuire, James, must. July 28,1803; disch. for disability, April 21,186.5. 
Moffatt, Hudson, must. July 29, 1863 ; disch. to enter Navy, April 22, 1865. 
Olscanip, Joseph, must. July 29, 1863; taken prisoner; paroled ; trans, to 20tb 

Maine Kegt. 
Pazzie, George, must. Aug. 3, 1863. 

Peterson, Hans, must. Aug. 5, 1803 ; disch. to enter Navy, April 22, 1805. 
tiuirk, John, must. July 28, 1863 ; taken prisoner ; paroled ; trans, to 20th Maine 

Regt. 
Sankin, Albert, must. July 30, 1863. 

Rankin, Joseph, must. Aug. 30, 1863 ; disch. for disability, April 1, 1805. 
St. John, William, must. Aug. 10, 1863 ; trans, to 20tli Maine. 
Winslow, Hiram, must. Aug. 3, 1863 ; died at Portland, Feb. 23, 1865. 



SEVENTEENTH INFANTRY. 



Mn 



in Aug. 1.1, ISC2; discharged June 4, 1805. 
Henry L. Barlels, sergt.-nwjor, must. Aug. 4, 1802; disch. 186:t. 
Charles W. Richardson, ij.m.sergt., must. July 2:1,1802; disch. for disability, 

Oct. 15, 1S62. 
Josiah Remick, com. sergt., must. July 15,1862; pro. to Ist liout and q.m. 

sergt., of regiment. 
Nathaniel B. Coleman, hospitiil steward, must. Aug. 15, 1802; disch. June 4 

1805. 

COMPANY A. 
Edwin B. Houghton, sergt., pro. to 2d lieut. and capt. Co. H.Nov. 16, 1863. 
John Yeaton, Jr., sergt., pro to cj.m. sergt. ; disch. for disnbilily, Jan. 24, 1805. 
Greenville F. Sparrow, sergt., pro. to 2d lieut., May 3, 1803. 
Albert H. Andrews, Jr., coi-p. ; reduced by re<|uest. 
Jesse A. Stone, corp., pro. to sergt., 1863; died Feb. 11, 1804. 
Alvin r. Bluke, Corp., pro. to sergt. for bravery ; wounded at Gettysburg; died 

Aug. 2, 1863. 
Anson T. Ward, Corp., pro. to q.m. sergt., 1864. 
Joseph F. Lake, Corp., pro. to sergt. ; wounded Nov. 27, 1804. 
Henry B. Berry, musician, trans, to Vet. Res. Corps, 1864. 
Samuel D. Roberts, musician, detached to N. Y. Independent Battery. 
Armstrong, Jacob L., wounded June 12, 1804 ; di«ch. June 4, 1805. 
Bent, Orrin, pro. to Corp. ; disch. for disability, October, 1803. 
Bodkin, Peter P., disch. June 4, 1805. 
Burns, Michael, killed Nov. 27, 1863. 

Bradley, Charles H., must. Sept. 29, 1863; trans, to Ist Maine H. Art. Kegt. 
Burns, Hugh, must. Feb. 25, 1804; re-enlisted; disch. May. 1805. 
Cooly, Daniel, must. Aug. 29, 1803; missing in action. May 6, 1805. 
Kelley, Henry, must. Feb. 4, 1864; transferred. 
Lowe, John, must. Jan. 12, 1804; trans, to Ist Maine H. Art. Kegt. 
Pollis, John, must. Dec. 8, 1803; died Jan. 23, 1864. 
Taylor, Henry P.,must. Dec. 1, 1803; trans, to 1st Maine H. Art. Regt. 
Brown. Jacob C, killed July 2, 1863. 
Boyle, Cornelius, disch. June 4, 1865. 
Berford, lleujaniin ; Berkley, James. 

Bosworth, Frederick W., ri.m. clerk, wounded; died August, 1S63. 
Clondmau, John W., pro. ttj coi'p. ; ttken prisoirer at Chancellor-svillc, 
Crie, Edward H., pro. to Corp. »rr<l sergt.-miij ; pro. to 2d lieut. Co. E; disdl. 

June, 1865. 
Delihanty, Thonras, pro. to Corp.; wounded May 5, 1804; ti-ans. to Vet. Res. 

C<jrps. 
Fabyan, Edward, trans, to Vet. Res. Cor-ps, Aug. 5, 18a5, 
Hamilton, Robert, disch. May 29, 1865. 

Hale, ChrirliB K., detached ris wagoner; disch. Juirc4, 1865. 
Ingraharrr, Octavius C, pro. to corp. 1863. 
James, John W., killed May 12, 1864. 

Milliken, Charles, wounded July 2, 1864; trarrs. to Vet. Res. Corps. 
McGrath, Patrick, wounded Dec. 13, 1862; disch. June 3, 1804. 
McGurk, Peter. 

Petterrgill, Leonard A., wounded Dec. 1:1, 1862; disch. May 16, 1863. 
Pettengill, Albion C, wounded Nov. 27, 1863 ; trarrs. to Vet. Res. (kirps. 
Robinson, Samuel. 

Skillings, Franklin, killed in action. May 6. 
Sawyer, Mar k H., detailed as chief wagoner ; disch. Jrrne 4, 1805. 
Taylor, George II. M., disch. Jurre 4, 1805. 

Tolman, John F., wounded June 16, 1864; pro. to coqi. ; di-ch. June 4, 1865. 
Todd, Charles K., pro. to Corp.; woumlod May 3, 1863 ; dscharged. 
Waterhouse, Robert, killed May 7, 1865. 
Wentworlh, Charles. 
Yeaton, Joseph N., pro. and trims, to acting master's urate in U. S. Navy. 

COMPANY B. 
William H. Green, pro. to Ist lieut., Dec. 1, 1S62. 
James S. Roberts, sergt., pro. to 2d lieut., 1863. 
Horace A. Smith, sergt., pro. to Ist sergt.; worrnded July 1, 1863 ; disch. March 

20, 1865. 
Edwin J. Hawks, Corp., pro. to sergt. 

Bennett T. Trueworthy, corii., redrrced arrd trans, to Livingston's Battery. 
Sanruel C. Davis, Corp., wounded at Gettysburg ; died July 4, 1803. 
Cyrus M. Hall, Corp., pro. to sergt. ; killed at Gettysburg. 
Charles E. Carruthets, Corp., wootrded at Gettysburg; died July 9, 1863. 
James F. Bartlett, musiciarr, woirrrded Sept. 4, 1864. 
William H. Colley, musicirrn, disch. for disability, Oct. 8, 1804. 
George S. Milliken, wagoner, killed at Chancellorsville. 
Abbott, Aldriclr K., pro. to Corp.; pro. to sergt.; disch. June 4, 1805. 
Bishop, Samuel, pro. to corp. ; pro. to sergt. 
Brrrnham, Samuel, trana. to Invalid Corps, 1805. 
Birxton, Samuel, wounded June 18, 1865. 
Chamberlin. Henry, trarrs. to Vet. Kes. Corpe, 1865. 
Charlton, John, disch. for disability, March 11, 1804. 

Doughty, John, Jr., wounded July 3, Nov. 27. 1863, May 5, 1805; pro to corp. 
Drew, Joseph. 

Dura.r, George E. H., pro. to Corp. ; killed March 25, 1865. 
Elliott, William S., disch. Miiy 28, 18C4. 
Elliott, Moses A., diid Jan. 16, 1863. 



424 



HISTORY OF CUMBKRLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Fubymi, Charles H., pro. to Corp.; woundoJ Oct. 9, 18Gt. 

riaimpgHii, .lames, wounded July !i, 1«1>3. 

Grovcr, Alplicua, pro. to Corp.; pro. to sergt. ; wounded April S, 1805. 

Hooper, Urlando, detached to Aiubulanco Corps; wounded May 12, ISfi.'J. 

Jones, George W,, pro. to Corp. ; wounded at Gettyshurg ; died July 2.'i, 180:i. 

Jones, Kugerie K., wounded and taken prisoner. May 3, ISO:). 

Kelley, William, wounded May 13, 1803. 

Kelley, Edward. 

Kimball, Augustus A., wounded May 10, 1803 ; pi-o. to Corp. 

Lehaue, John, pro. to Corp.; died of wounds, June 18, 1864. 

Libby, Samuel U., trans, to Livingston's Battery; disch. Dec. 15, 1864. 

Llbby, Selh B. 

Ilclnnis, Daniel, trans, to Livingston's Buttery ; taken prisoner ; disch. June 29, 

1805. 
MacKeuzie, Mathew, wounded May 6. 
Merrill, Charles H., pro. to Corp.; pro. to sergt., 1863. 
Moulton, George F., killed June 16, 1804. 
Nelson, Henry L. 

Noyes, Alvin A., pro. to corp; wounded July 2, 1863. 
Bice, John O., disch. Juue 6, 1865. 
Roach, George W. H., pro. to Corp. 
Kobert-s James 11. S., disch. for disability, Juue 3, 1803. 
Koberts, Edward A., pro. to Corp. ; missing in action. May 0, 1864. 
Sa«tr..ff, Stephen C. S., died Jan. 3, 1863. 
Silsby, Samuel E., unaccounted for. 
Thorne, Edwiu 0., trans, to 4lh N. Y. Art. 
Trickey, Henry S., trans, to Invalid Corps. 
Whitham, John, pro. to Corp.; wounded May 13, 1864. 
Winn, Andrew, killed at Oak Grove, Nov. 27, 1863. 
Wood.sum, Freslhe S., disch. May 2, 1864. 
Bryan, Frank, must. Feb, 4, 1864; disch. June 7, 1805. 
Cooke, William, must. Aug. 24, 1863; wounded; trans, to Ist H. Art. 
Snowman, Thomas, must. Dec. 3, 1803; pro. to corp. and sergt.; wounded 

June 16; pro. to 2d lieut. Co. I. 
Worcester, Horace L., must. July 14,1863; trans, to lat U. Art. 
McNulty, Patrick, must. Dec. 11, 1863. 

COMPANY C. 
Bailey, Davi.i, must. Feb. 29, 1864 ; trans, to 1st Maine H. Art. 
Grosser, George, must. Sept. 25, 1863; died June 11, 1864. 
Hall, Jordan M., must. March 16, 1865 ; discharged. 

COMPANY D. 
Stephen GraCTam, sergt., pro. to 2d lieut.. May 29, 1863; wounded July 3, 1863. 
James W. Leslie, sergt., disch. for .Usability, Dec. 29, 1862. 
Nelson Whitten, Corp., trans, as q.m. clerk; pro. to 2d liout. and let lieut.; 

wounded July 3, 1863. 
George S. W. Moses, corp., pro. to musician, 1863; trans, to Vet. Kes. Corps. 
Joel M. Sawyer, musician, disch. for disability, Dec. 3, 1862. 
Edmoud Q. Goodhue, musician, disch. for disability, Feb. 6, 1862. 
Burchill, Kicbard, wounded May 12; disch. Aug. 4, 1864, 
Campbell, John ; Dennett, Thomas. 
Field, Edmund D., wounded May 6. 
Gammon, Samuel H,, pro. to corp. ; detached. 
Gillis, Andrew. 

Hanna, George F., wounded at Gettysburg. 
Hayes, Charles H,, wagoner ; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Jordan, John S., disch, for disability, Dec. 2, 1802. 
McCarty, Charles, trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 
McGuar, Thomas, died at Portlanil, Oct. 30, 1804. 
McMaster, Willam, taken prisoner, May 3, 1863. 
Mender, John, disch. for disability, Aug. 25, 1864. 
Mills, Joseph N,, missing in battle. May 12, 1862. 
Moses, Andrew J., disch. for disability, Feb. 19, 1863. 
Newman, John E., teamster. 

Sawyer, Alouzo W., pro. to musician ; detached in 1864. 
Skillin, Hiram B., wagoner. 

Small, Charles B,, disch. for disability, February 18. 
Small, William B.. wounded May 3; disch. Dec. 24, 1863. 
Whiltemorc. Franklin I,, pro, to corp,; killed in battle. May 5, 1864. 
Brackett, Charles E., disch. May 30, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 
John 8, White, sergt., disch, for disability, February, 1803. 
Frederic A. Sawyer, sergt., pro. to 1st sergt., 2d lieut,, and 1st lieut,; wounded 

Nov, 27, 1803, and May 5, 1804; disch. for disability. Sept, 24, 1804, 
Herman Q. Mason, sergt,, discli, Dec, 31, 1863. 
Peter D. Domster, corp,, trans, to Invalid Corps, 1863, 

Charles F. Van Horn, corp., pro. to sergt,; wounded May 0; died May 8, 18C4, 
Lewis W. Lombard, wagoner. 
Pride, Frederic M., died in hospital, Dec. 21, 1862. 
Pulleu, David P., trans, to Navy, April 14, 1863. 
Kilgore, Leander A., must. Sept. 29, 1864. 
McCullough, Andrew J., must. Oct, 10, 1804. 
Merrill, Joseph, must. Feb, 18, ISO.'i, 

COMPANY F. 
George B, Fickell, corp,, pro. to sergt. ; disch, for disability, Oct. 15, 1864. 



COMPANY H. 

Ciimrnings, Horace B., pro. to Corp., sergt,, and 2d lieut. 
Morton, John II,, trans, to Vet, Res, Corps, 1804, 
Morton, Charles, must, Nov, 2, 1864; trans, to 1st Maine H. Art. 
Fowle, Peter, must. Oct, 3, 1864; trans, to 1st Maine H. Art. 

COMPANY I. 
Abbott, Sylvester, must, Jan. 4, 1864; trans, to Navy. 
Brown. Daniel, must. Jan. 14, 1804; killed Slay 5, 1804. 
Loring, Fred. H., must. Nov. 3il, 1863; wounded May 5; died June 6, 1864. 
Osgood, James, must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; trans, to Ist Maine H. Art. 
Stackpole, Lowell B,, must. Jan. 4, 1864; wounded May 2i ; trans, to Ist Maine 

H, Art, 
Waite, Edward F,, must. Jan. 1, 1S04; wounded May 12; tmns. to Ist Maine 

U. Art. 

NINETEENTH INFANTBY. 

Blake, William, Co. A; mint. Aug, 3, 1803; trans, to 1st Maine U. Art. 
Hurley, Thomas, Co. A; must. July 16, 1863; wounded May 10, 1864; trans, to 

Ist H. Art. 
Pickering, Thomas, Co, A; must. Sept. 24, 1863; disch. Feb. 28, 1864. 
Quinby, Alonco H., Co. A; must. Sept. 10, 1863; wounded May 6; discli. May 

12, 1865. 
Sumner, Robert, Co. A; must. Aug. 11, 1863; wounded May 10; trans, to lat 

H.Art. 
Stevens, Geo. E,, Co. A; must. Sept. 4, 1863; wounded May 10; trans, to Art, 
Collins, William, Co. B; must. Aug. 17, 1863; disch. Jan, 11, 1864, 
Dwiunell, Geo, W,, Co. B; must. Aug. 14, 1863; wounded May 30, 1864; trans. 

■ to 1st It. Art. 
Dillman, Joseph, Co. B; must. Sept. 21, 1863; trans, to Navy, April 10, 1804, 
Mail', John, Co. B; must. Aug. 7, 1803; wounded May 6, 1864; trans, to Vet. 

Res. Corps. 
Murphy, Jeicmiah, Co. B; must. Aug. 17, 1863; disch. Dec. 14, 1863. 
Bohnn, Adolph, Co. D; must. Aug. 13, 1803; woimded May 10, 1864; disch. 

Feb. 6, 1865. 
Jones, John, Co. D; must, Aug. 12, 1863; disch. April 7, 1865. 
Peterson, Peter, Co. D; must. Sept. 21, 1863; trans, to Navy, 1864. 
Clark, Henry, Co. E; must. Aug. 12, 180:); trans, to Navy, April 15. 
Clark, John, Co. E ; must. Aug. 12, 1863; trans, to 1st H. Art. 
Carr, John, Co. E ; must. Aug. 12, 1803; died in rebel prison, Sept. 15, 1804. 
Jones, William, Co. E; must. Aug. 12, 1803; died in prison, Aug. 15, 1864. 
Tyzaar, Henry N., Co, E; must, July 13, 1863; trans, to 1st Maine H. Art. 
Higgins, Dennis, Co. F; must. Aug. 22, 1863; trans, to Ist Miine H. Art. 
Hefferan, Thomas, Co. F ; must. Aug. 4, 1863; wounded Oct. 14; missing. 
Johnston, Rtiscoe, Co. F; must. Aug. 19, 1863. 
Johnston, William, Co. F; must. Aug. 19, 1861. 
McCabe, James, Co, F; must. Aug. 19, 180). 
Brown, William, Co. G; must. Aug. 14, 1803; trans, to 1st H. Art. 
Cain, Daniel, Co.G; must, July 14, 1863; trans, to 1st H. Art. 
Knights, Nathaniel, Co. G; must. Sept, 17, 1863; trans, to 1st Maine H. Art. 
Randall, Albert Y,, Co, G; must. July 10, 1863; pro. to Corp.; trans, to 1st 

Maine H. Art. 
Anderson, John, Co. I ; must. Aug. 13, 1863 ; died in prison, June 28, 1864. 
Brady, George, Co. I ; must. Sept. 21, 1863; trans, to Ist H. Art. 
Clary, Dennis, Co. I ; must. Aug. 17, 1863 ; missing in battle, Dec. 4, 1863. 
Cuinmings, John, Co. I; must. Aug. 15, 1863. 
Dixon, John H., Ck). I ; must. Aug. 10, ISO); killed Miy 10, 1865. 
Dudley, Henry G., Co, I; must, Aug 12, 1803; trans, to Navy. 
Hunter, John G., Co. I; must Aug. 17, 1863. 

Lang, John L., Co. I ; must. Aug. 15, 186.); supposed to be prisoner. 
Mulligan, Francis, Co. I; must. Aug. 12, 1803; trans, to Artillery Regt. 
Reed, John, Co. I ; must Aug. 15. 
Riley, John, Co. I; must. Aug. 15. 

Riley, Michael, Co. I ; must. Aug. 11, 1863; died Dec. 25, 1863. 
Smith, John, Co. I ; must. Sept. 10, 1863. 
Worley, George, Co. I ; must. Aug. II. 

Hetfren, Thomas, Co. K ; must. Aug. 14, 1863 ; trans, to Co. F. 
Killfedder, Robert, Co. K; must. Aug. 11, 1863; pro. to Corp.; wounded May 6; 

trans, to Artillery. 
McDonald, Angus, Co. K; must. Aug. 14, 1863; taken prisoner, Nov. 3, 1863. 
Potter, Siiinuel, Co. K ; must. Sept. 23. 
Kiberls, Henry, Co. K; must. Sept. 23. 
Gerrish, William M,, Co, A ; must. Oct. 5, 1864. 
Smith, William H., Co. A; must. Oct. 3, 1801; tnins. to 1st 11, Art. 
Montine, diaries, Co. B ; must. July 30, 1863 ; trans, to 1st H. Art. 
Lainphen, Alfred, (3o. C; must. March 21, 1804; disch. June 8, 1865. 
Anderson, Christian, (jo. D; must. May 3, 1804; taken prisoner, Aug. 25, 1804; 

tnins. to l8t. H. Art. 
Welch, Thomas, Co. D ; must. Feb. 2, 1864 ; killed June 3, 1864. 
Carr, Patrick, Co. H ; must. March 17, 1865; trans, to 1st Maine H. Art. 
Clark, John, Co, I; must. April 19, 1804 ; died June 25, 1864. 

TWENTIETH INFANTEY. 

Haines, John F., corp. Co. 1).; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. Jufy 16, 1865! 
Merrill, Edward P., corp,, Co. D; must. Aug. 29,1862; reduced January, 1863 ; 

disch. July 16, 1865. 
Huiinewell, Franklin S,, Co, D; must, Aug. 29, 1862; disch. July 16, 1865. 



ROSTER OP SOLDIERS. 



425 



Blank, Caesar, Co. A; must. March 26, 1864; disch. July 16, 186.'j. 

Green, Jost'ph W., Co. B ; must. March 13, 1865 ; disch. May 27, 1865. 

Byrne, Michael F., Co. D; must. March 10, 1864; wounded May 5; disch. Jan. 

1, 1866. 
Burke, Thomas, Co. D; must. March 18, 1864; killed May 6, 1864. 
Capsidy, Edward, Co. D ; must. March 10, 1864 ; wounded May 8 ; discharged. 
Cook, Charles F., Co. D ; must. Feb. 28, 1865. 
Goodwin, David L., Co. D ; must. Dec. 3, 1864. 
Grover, Amos G., Co. D ; must. Feb. 28, 1865. 
Hutchinson, Granville H., Co. D; must. Jan. 28, 1865. 
Higgins, James, Co. D; must. March 10, 1864. 
Hogan, Martin, Co. D ; must. March 10, 1864; discharged. 
Moran, Michael, Co. D ; must. March 10, 1804; disch., June 13, 1865. 
Tully, Thomas, Co, D ; must. March 10, 1804 ; pro. to Corp., 1864. 
Coburn, William H, Co. E ; must. March 8, 1865; disch. June 2, 1865. 
Osgood, George, Co. E; must. March 7, 1865 ; died May 22, 1865. 
Small, Howard M., Co. E ; must. March 6, 1865 ; disch. July 7, 1865. 
Keith, James, Co. F ; must. March 8, 1864 ; wounded May 8; discharged. 
Leighton, James, Co. F ; must. March 3, 1864 ; wounded May S ; discharged. 
Waterhouse, Natlianiel F., Co. F ; must. March 3,1864; trans, to Co. G, July, 

1865; pro. to Corp. and sergt. 
Cole, Osgood, Co. G; must. Sept. 29,1862; wounded Nov. 16, 1864. 
Deering, Arnold J., Co. H ; must. March 4, 1864 ; wounded May 5 ; disch. Jan. 6, 

1865. 
Forbes, Benjamin F., Co. H; must. Feb. 26, 1804; wounded May 5; died June 

1, 1864. 
Hopkins, George E,, Co. H ; must. March 20, 1805. 
McElroy, Matthew M., Co. H; must. Feb. 26, 1864. 
Wood, Fred. B.,Co. H; must. March 20, 1866; died Juue 19, 1866. 
Thompson, Thomas, Co. H; must. March 16, 1864; disch. by Order No. 77. 
Towusend, Lysauder, must. July 14, 1863; disch. by Order No. 77. 
Wood, Fred. B., Co. 11 ; must. March 20, 1865 ; died June 19, 1865. 
Walker, Orrin E., Co. H; must. Marcli 9, 1864; wounded Sept. 30, 1864. 
Walker, Charles H., Co. H ; must. March 9, 1864; killed in battle. May 8. 
Carey, Michael, Co. K; must. Aug. 30, 1864; disch. 1S64. 
Gonzales, Manuel, Co. K ; must. Aug. 30, 1864; disch. June 9, 1865. 
Knight, Augustus S., Co. K ; mvist. March 15, 1865; pro. to Corp. 
Wallace, Franklin, Co. K ; must. Jan. 5, 1865 ; disch. by Order No. 77. 

TWENTY-FIFTH INFANTRY. 

Mustered in Sept. 29, 1862; discharged July 10, 1863. 

Edward B. Furbish, chaplain. 

George 0. Goss, sergt.-raaj. 

Freeman E. Clark, q.m. sergt. 

Charles P. Graves, band ; must. Sept. 30, 1802. 

Charles G. Miluer, band ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
COMPANY A. 

Sergeants, Edward C. Swett, Charles B. Shaw; corporals, Charles 0. Cole, 
Cbas. E. Somerby, George P. Gross, Luther W. Dana, George W. Lowell, 
Frederick A. Prince, Albert H. Gale; musicians, Charles Flemmings, 
Horace 0. Davis; privates, Charles C. Akerman, Frank E. Allen, Egbert 
Andrews, John W. Babb, Hiram H. Bass, Granville Batchelder, Joseph 
H. Bond, Nicholas E. Boyd (pro. to Corp.), James E. Brackett, Joseph E. 
Bryant, Josiali Burnbam, Benjamin F. Cary, Francis E. Chase (detached 
in q ni. dept.), Howard B. Chase, George Chamberlain, Francis H. 
Coffin (q.m. dept. clerk), George H. Davis, John C. Dennis, Henry M. 
Dodge, Frank H. Eaton (q.m. dept.), John A. Emery (q.m. dept.), Geo. 
L. Fickett, John T. Foster, William A. Hall, William M. HaTison, George 
F. Harding, Hanson M. Hart, Joshua B. Hobbs, Richard Jones, Edward 
S. Kimball, Bradford D. Kimball, Edgar B. Kimball, Daniel F. Knights, 
Claudius Lane, John W. Lane, William H. Lovell, Samuel M. Marston, 
Frederic McCulloch, Nelson A. Merrill, Alonzo M. Mullett, John H. B. 
Morrill, Frederick A. Motley, John L. Motley, Thomas Mayo, Henry I. 
Nelson, Wm. L. Newton, Woodin G. Norris, Frank M. Ordway, Francis 
S. Oxnard, George H. Pearson, Leonard Perry, Albert S. Quincy, Charles 
Eich, Lewis U, Kobiusnn, Walter S. Rowe, Samuel D. Safford, John F. 
Sheehan, Edward P. Staples, Robert Storey, Edward H. Tobey, Lawrence 
P. Varnum, Harrison T. Whipple, Thomas L. Wills, John Williamson 
(detached at Camp A. Lincoln Hospital). 

COMPANY B. 
Sergeants, Edward G. Scboonmaker, George H. McKenney (wagon-master), John 

D. Hademan, Charles B. Strout, Charles K. Waterhouse; corporals, Jas. 

A. Tracy, Byron Leighton, Benjamin Bishop, George F. Coe, Amos Libby 
(died Nov. 26, 1862), Frederick W. Hatch, Augustus H. Prince; musician, 
Charles A. Ring; privates, Cyrus W. Buck, John W. Chamberlin, George 
W. Crosby, Charles C. Douglass, Edward W. Ellis, George M. Floyd, Chas. 

B. Hall, William Hall, Obadiah Laurette, Jonathan B. Leighton, Alonzo 

E. Long (must. Oct. 9, 1862), James E. Marshall, Charles T. Movers, Alonzo 
M. Turner, Emery 0. Walker 

COMPANY F. 
Musician, Horace M. Davis; Frank W. Blanclianl (not mustered), John W. 
Downing (not mnsteredj, 

COMPANY H. 
Sergeants, WilUam S. Brooks, Alfred H. Whitmore, Charles S. Jordan, Alnion 
L. Chase ; corporals, Henry H. Wescott, William A. Steele, Joseph Maun, 

54 



George F. Hitchings, Jr., John McLeod; privates, Charles W. Burnham, 
Edward Burnham, William Burnham, Charles W. Bond (must. Oct. 7, 
1802). Henry Bowman (must. Oct, 8, 18621, John W. flickering, Juilion 
K. Clark, James H. Cnrti.^, Frank Densier, Ralph H. Gammon, Andrew 
Goodwin, George F. Henderson, John Henderson (must. Oct. 8, 1862; enl. 
in U. S. Army, Nov, 24, 1862), James R. Hillor, William Howard, John R. 
Hughes, Charles G. Jackson, George H. Jowett, George W, Kelly, Justin 
Libby, Cliarloa McDuffee (disch. Oct. 14, 1862), James Mcgquire, James 
Meol i (must. Oct, 11, 1802). Jefferson II. Merrow, Charlee G. Mllner (trani. 
to regimental band), Joseph B. Parsons, Joseph Partington (must. Oct. 6, 
1862), William Bay, William H. Richards (disch. for disabiUty, Feb. 7, 
1862), .Joseph H. Russell (must. Oct. 2, 1862), Joseph E. Sawyer, Edward 
Shields (must, Oct. 15, 1862), Moses C. Smith. 

COMPANY L 
Privates, Elisha Dyer, Franklin E. Emery, John Harrington, John McCuen, 
Paschal M. Sawyer, David Smith, Jr., Henry N. Smith, William St. John, 
George A. Thompson. 

COMPANY K. 
Sergeant, John H. Frasier; privates, George C. Davis, Henry Forest, Martin 
Hyer (must. Oct. 4, 1S02), James R. Williams. 

TWENTY-SEVENTH INFANTEY. 

Murch, Owen A., Co. C; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. July 7, 1862. 
Steadfast, Thomas S., Co. C; must. Oct. 14, 1862 ; disch. July 7, 1863. 
Skillings, Daniel, musician, Co. C; must. Sept. 30, 1862; disch. July 7, 186.1. 

TWENTY-NINTH INFANTRY— VETERANS. 

Mustered in Dec. 17, 1863 ; discharged Juno 21, 1860, 
Alpheus L. Green, sergt.-maj. ; pro. to 2d lieut. Co, K. 
Cornelius D. Maynord, q.m. sergt., disch. with the regiment at the end of the 

COMPANY A. 
Hoyt, George H,, must. Aug. 17, 1802; disch. for disability, June 25, 186». 
Wilkinson, William W,, must. Aug, 18, 1802; reported killed at Antictam. 

COMPANY B. 
Smith, Henry M., trans, from Co. C; pro. to 1st sergt.; pro. to lieut. and trans, 
Warner, David G., must. Sept. 18, 1864; disch. with regiment. 

COMPANY C. 
Charles E. Jordan, James E. Mitchell, sergts. 
Henry M. Smith, sergt., pro. to 2d lieut., 1865. 
William A. Sanborn, corp., trans, to Vet. Res. Corporals. 
Niles A. Hanson, Corp., detached. 
Charles W. Stevens, George W. Libby, corps. 
Jacob J. Hammond, musician, pro. to chief musician of regimoiit. 
Annis, Horace W. 

Boothby, Isaac T., disch. for disability. May 30, 1806. 
Brown, John J., drowned May 6, 1864. 
Brown, Charles L,, wounded Oct, 19,1864. 
Baker, Charles P., woun*ed Oct. 19, 1864. 
Coburn, George E.; Clnskey, Peter. 
Devine, Anthony, wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 
Gibson, Robert, must. Nov. 17, 1863. 
Hall, Daniel E., missing in battle, April 19, 1864. 
Hall, Stewart B., disch. for disability, April 20, 1864. 
Haskell, Frederick G., wounded Oct. 19. 
Hntton, Spencer F., wounded Oct. 19; died Oct. 30, 1861. 
Knight, George E., trans, to Navy, 1865. 
Lee, William A., must. Nov. 17, 1863. 

Libby, William S,, must. Nov. 17 ; disch. for disability, April 5, 1S66. 
McGee, James D., must. Nov. 17 ; ilisch. Oct. 7, 1866. 

Mason, Edwin, must. Nov. 17 ; died at Philadelphia Hospital, Nov. 14, 1864. 
Morse, William, must. Nov, 17. 
Bobbins, Amasa B. 

Bowe, Edmund, wounded Sept. 19, 1864. 
Sweat, Alonzo F. ; Smith, John A. 
Scott, John A., pro, to sergt,, 1865. 
St. John, William E., trans, to commissary department. 
Warren, William H. 

Young, John, disch. for disability, Juno 30, 1864. 
Knight, George B., must. Feb. 10, 1865; disch. Jan. 18, 1806. 

COMPANY E. 
Mustered in Nov. 13, 1863. 
Henry A. Plumnier, sergt., died Sept. 29, 1864. 
Simon A. Loveitt, sergt., pro. to Ist sergt. 
Frank E. Brown, sergt., reduced. 

George C. Kennedy, Corp., disch. for disability. May 13, 1864. 
William T Haskell, corp., wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 
Charies H. Sastroff, corp., reduced, 1864. 
Edwin M Locke, musician ; detached as b. q. ordoriy. 

Aldridge, Hanson ; Bisbee, Elisha T. ; Burnham, Lorenz. T, ; CurUs, J.m« 0.; 
Cha«e, Isaac C; Clark, William. 



426 



HISTOKY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



CoIIey, .losepli F., pro. to corp. ; dropped from rolls, March 1, 1866. 

Dyer, Franklin, pro. to corp. 

Hopkins, Jonathan C. ; Haskell, William T. ; Hoyt, Benjamin G. 

David T. ; Hodsdon, Mahlon S. 
Hutchings, William H., died May 20, 1864. 
Jenkins, George F., trans, to Vet. Rea. Corps, 1864. 
Lynds, George W., taken prisoner, April 19, 1864 ; exchanged. 
Larrnbee, Alfred H., wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 
Lowry, William. 
Marion, Samuel S., detached. 

Millikon, John S., wounded at Cedar Creek; died Oct. 20, 1804. 
Moore, Alfred S., pro. to corp. and aergt., 1864. 
O'Brien, Timothy, dropped, March 1,1866. 
Pearson, Charles H., wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 
Poor, George H. 

Shaw, William M., detached, division headquarters. 
Smith, Charles G., taken prisoner April 8, 1864. 
Stevens, James E., pro. to corp., 1865. 
Soule, Keuben H. 

Trask, Charles H., disch. for disability. May 16, 1866. 
Webber, George T.; Winslow, Charles F. 
Winslow, Jo.seph, pro. to sergt. 

COMPANY F. 
Mustered in Nov. 13, 1863. 



rp., disch. May 7, 1806. 
irp., pro. to sergt. 



Joseph W. Morse, c 
Lewis E. Pearson, ( 
Burke, Edward. 

Burke, William T., died Aug. 31, 1804, 
Carey, Turner; Clancey. James ; Duston, William C. 
Elder, Samuel, taken prisoner April 10, 1864. 
Giles, John M.; Gibson, Robert; Lee, William A.; Mulaihy, Willis 
Washington; O'Neil, Lanty ; Smellage, George W. 
COMPANY G. 
Green, William H., died May 30, 1864. 
Locke, Frederick A., detached 1864. 



Fox, The 



COMPANY H. 
, t;iken prisoner, Aug. 12, 1864; ne 



:■ returned. 



COMPANY I. 
Smith, Harrison W., sergt.; must. Dec. 16, 1803; disch. May 21, 1806. 
Glcndcnning, John G., must. Dec. 16, 1863. 
Glenn, William, must. Dec. 16, 1863. 
Hall, Lewis L., must. Dec. 12, 1863. 

Hall, Enoch L., must. Dec. 12, 1863 ; disch. for disability, April 2, 1866. 
Snow, Israel T., must. Sept, 18, 1802 ; pro, to corp. ; wounded Oct. 19, 1804. 

COMPANY K. 
Dana, Woodbury K., must. Nov. 13, 1803 ; detached as ordnance clerk. 

THIBTIETH INFANTRY. 

Mustered out Aug. 20, 1805. 
F. Larrabee, sergt.-major, must. Jan. 9, 1864. * 



Charl 

Kdward M, Gammon, veteran, cli 






COMPANY C. 
Mustered in Dec. 19, 1803. 
Cobb, Edward S., veteran. 
Fowler, Edwin, trans. 1864; wounded. 
Mcloi, James, veteran. 
Nason, William M. 
Griffin, William, must. Sept, 24, 1864. 
Hennessey, Daniel, must. Sept, 23, 1864, 
Moor, Eleazer, prisoner; died Juue 16, 1S04. 

COMPANY D. 
Deane, Frederick A., must. Jan. 9, 1804; pro. to sergt. 
Hopkins, Aaron, must. Sept. 9, 1864. 
Kelley, Lawrence, must. Sept. 14, 1864. 
Mullius, John, must. Sept. 6, 1864; disch. June 1, 1865. 
Murphy, Patrick, must. Sept. 6, 1864; disch. June 1, 1865. 
Roberts, John, must. Aug. 2, 1864. 
Shirley, Henry M., must. Oct. 6, 1864. 
Welch, William, must. Oct. 5, 1804. 

COMPANY E. 
Brown, Ezokiol, veteran ; must. Dec. 12, 1863; killed April 23, 1804. 
Bernard, Charles, must. July 20, 1864. 
Doughty, Julius H., must. Oct. 8, 1864. 
Lee, Charles H., must. Aug. 18, 1804. 
Searles, William, must. Aug. 5, 1864. 
Watson, John, must. Sept. 13, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 
Mustered in Dec. 29, 1803. 
John N. Tyler, sorgt. ; veteran ; reduced, 1864. 
Emery 0. Walker, sergt. ; wounded April 23 ; pro. Ist i 
Thomas W. Uurke, sergt. 



rgt., 1804. 



Charles W. Bond, corp. 

Anglin, William; Bowman, Henry. 

Bradin, Patrick, disch. June 5, 1865. 

Emery, William, died March ,5, 1865, while on the march. 

Fowler, Charles, S. 

Lown, John E., killed April, 8, 1801. 

Lamphiu, Gilman H., veteran ; died in rebel ]irisoM, April 15, 1864. 

McGregor, Morton, disch. June 10, 1805. 

McLeese, David, diecli. Sept. 11, 1805. 

Marsh, James. 

Palmer, Eugene S., pro, musician. 

Smith, Henry N., wounded April 23, 1804. 

Chamberlain, John W., must. Sept. 5, 1804 ; disch. June 1, 1805. 

Floyd, George M., must. Aug. 0, 1804. 

Tirrell, John A., must. May 15, 1864 ; died Feb. 5, 1865. 

COMPANY G. 

Currier, Charles E., must. Aug. 1, 1804. 

Gorman, Michael, must. July 21, 1864. 

St. Julien, Eli, must. Sept. 20, 1864. 

COMPANY I. 
Mustered in Jan. 6, 1864. 

Sergeant, Martin Hyer (must, .Ian, 12, 1804); corporals, William Bowles (must, 
Jan, 12, 1864), William Constable, Cyrus B, Winslow, John McCune, 
Henry L. Allen; musicians, Fred, A, Motley, Daniel Skillings; privates, 
William C, Blades, William Butler, James Brennen, John Bowles, 
Stephen D, Delande, William Gulliver, William W, Garland, Charles 
Gilman, Horatio B, Hadly, James A, Haley, John H, Jones, Llewellyn 
Jones, John Shehan, Charles A, Thompson, Michael C. Welch, Thomas 
Wood (must. Jan. 12, 1864), Edwin Fowler, George W. Ham, John 
McElroy (must. Oct. 12, 1864), John Quirk (must. Sept. 8, 1864). 

COMPANY K. 
Partington, Joseph. 

Pyrett, Henry, must. Jan. 12; trans, to Vet, Res, CoriB, 
Rolfe, Benjamin F., must, Jiin. 14, isr,4. 

THIRTY-FIRST INFANTRY, 

Discharged July 15, 1865, 
COMPANY C, 
Abbott, Clarence L,, must. March 23, 1864. 
Claughlin, Bartholomew, must. March 23, 1864. 
Cole, Francis, must. March 23, 1804. 

Doran, Michael, must. March 23, 1864; prisoner; exchanged. 
Dodge, John H., must. March 23, 1864; wounded May 12, 1804; di»cb. March 

24, 1865. 
Horiston, Henry C, m\ist. March 23, 1804; wounded June 3, 1864 ; disch. Feb. 

20, 1865. 
Maley, John, must. March 23, 1864; wounded May 18; disch. March 23, 1865. 
McGuire, John, must. March 23, 1864. 

Rafter, Edward, must, March 23, 1864; wounded May 12; disch. June 10, 1805. 
Sargent, William H., must. April 21, 1864; pro. to corp. and sergt. 
Wheelock, George I. J., must. April 21, 1864. 
Work, John, must. March 23, 1864; wounded and taken prisoner; disch. June 

6, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Carl, Charles E., must. April 21, 1864; pro. to corp. and sergt. 
Daley, James,' must. April 21, 1864. 

Hynes, Michael, must. April 21, 1864; disch. April 22, 1865. 
Hnghes, William, must. April 21, 1864. 

COMPANY K. 
Mackin, Joseph F., mu.st. April 21, 1804, as veteran, 
Farrell, Edward, must. May 6, 1804, 
Jones, Edward, must May 6, 1864; woundi-,1. 
Ross, Samuel C, must. May 6, U'*!^, 

THIRTY-SECOND INFANTRY. 
Consolidated with 31st Maine by order of Dec, 1, 1864, 
COMPANY A, 
Norwood, Chester, must, March 3, 1864, 
Runnels, Frederick G,, must, March 3, 1864, 
Richards, George W,, must, March 3, 1864, 
Sullivan, John, must, March 3, 1864, 

COMPANY C, 
BealB, Thomas P., must, March 23, 1864; vet. sergt. ; pro. to Ist lieut. Co. H. 
Abbott, Clarence !<., mu.st. March 23, 1804; wounded May 12, 1864. 
Cole, Francis C, must. March 23, 1864. 
Curran, John, must. March 23, 1864. 

Chamberlain, Prescott, must. March 23, 1S64 ; w..urided May l.s, 1S04, 
(;hild8, Thomas, must. March 23, 1864. 
Doran, Michael, must. May 23, 1864; w.uinded and taken prisoner. May 12, 

1864. 
Dodge, John H., must. March 23, 1864; wounded and taken prisoner, May 12, 

18fi4. 



ROSTEK OP SOLDIERS. 



427 



Hussey, Henry A,, must. March 23, 1864; killBil on pickel, .)niifi 20, 1864. 

Ilorrick, Rufus W., must. March 2i, 1864. 

Maley, John, must. March 2:S, 1864; wounded July 18, 1864. 

McGuire, Chas., must. March 2:i, 1864; wounded May 18, 1864; died of wounds. 

McGuire, Johu, must. March 23, 1864. 

Rafter, Edward, must. March 23, 1864; wounded May 12, 1864. 

Shaw, Edward H., must. Marcli 23, 1864; died at Phihidelphia, April 25, 1864. 

Work, Jno., must. Marcli 23, 1864; wounded and taken prisoner. May 12, 1864. 

Sargent, William H., must. April 21, 1864. 

Wheelock, tieorge I. J., mu-t. April 21, 1864. 

COMPANY I. 

Tyler, Jacob E., sergt., must. April 21, 1864; discli. Dec. 12, 1864. 

Earle, Charles E., Corp., must. April 21, 1864. 

Hackett, Samuel W., Corp., nmst. April 21, 1864; disch. Dec. 12, 1864. 

Mackim, Joseph F., veteran, Corp., must. April 21, IS64. 

Daly, Thomas, must. April 21, 1864. 

Holbrook, James 0., must. May 10, 1864. 

Hughes, William, must. April 21, 1864. 



COMPANY K. 
nust. May 6,1804; killed at Peter 



July 30, 18B4. 



Flannegan, Ja 
Farrell, Edward, must. Mny 6, 1864; taken prisoner. 
Jones, Edward, must. May 6, 1864; wounded June 20, 1.S64. 
Lee, George H., must. May 6, 1864; discU. Sept. 22, 1S64. 
Ross, Samuel C, must. May 6, 1864; taken prisoner, July 30, 1864. 
SHARPSHOOTERS. 
COMPANY A. 
. D of 2d Unite.l Stales Sharpsliooters. Disbanded 

Feb. 18, 1865. 
St. Nov. 2, 1861; disch. for wounds, June 1, 1862. 
i 24, 1862. 



Afterw 



1st Maine 



Chandler, Reuben, Jr. 



rp.; tra 



. to 2d U. S. Sharp- 



to Corp., sergt., and 2d li< 
uded .May 6, 1864. 



I 



Pratt, Frank H., must. Nov. 2, 1861 ; disch. Jul 
Rounds, John H,, must. Nov. 2, 1861 ; pro. to c 

shooters, Dec. 25, 1863. 
Cumuiings, Daniel L., must. Nov. 7, 18G1; pro. 

1862. 
Hannegan, David D., must. Feb. 22, 1864; won 
Keenan, John, must. Feb. 22, 1861. 
Landers, James, must. Feb. 22, 1804. 
O'Donnell, John, must. Feb. 22, 1864. 

FIRST MAINE CAVALRY. 

Mustered out Nov. 25, 1864; recruits and men from 1st District of Columbia 

Cavalry; mustered out Aug. 1, 1865. 
Bustice C. Bigelow, q.m. sergt., must. Oct. 31, 1861 ; pio. to 2d lieut. Co. F; to 
rank from Oct. 31, 1862. 

COMPANY B. 
Sargent, John A., must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; disch. for disability, Jidy 19, 1862. 
Cohh, Charles H., must. July 26, 1862; prisoner May 2, 1803; exchanged; 

wounded Aug. 10, 1864. 
Colley, Charles H., sergt., must. Feb. 20, 1864 ; trans, from District of Columbia 

Cavalry. 
Brackett, James W., Corp., must. Feb. 2(1,1804; trans, from District of Columbia 

Cavalry. 
Lausom, Edwin B., Corp., from District of Columbia Cavalry ; nnist. Feb. 20, 1864. 
Moore, Thomas, corp., must. Feb. 20, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Ross, George H., Corp., must. Feb. 20, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Cappers, Osgood, Corp., must. Feb. 20, 1864, from District of Cidumbia Cavalry. 
Newbold, Andrew D., must. Feb. 20, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Noyes, Clarence, must. Feb. 20,1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Pottle, William, bugler, re-onlisted Jan. 4, 1864. 

Robinson, Lewis G., must. Feb. 20, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavaliy 
Small, Clement P., must. Feb. 20, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Silver, John E., must. Feb. 20, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
York, Charles, must. Feb. 20, 1864, from District ol Columbia Cavalry. 

COMPANY C. 

Pattou, Stephen W., must. Oct. 20, 1861 ; disch. July 9, 1862. 

Hardinbrook, Charles W.,mu8t. Feb. 8, 1864, from District of Columbia Cav- 
alry ; wounded. 

COMPANY D. 

Latham, Charles F., Corp., mu.st. March 1, 1864, from Disti ict of Columbia Cav- 
alry ; taken prisoner. 

Pierce, George A., must. Jan. 12, 1864 ; prisoner ; Vistrict of Columbia Cavalry. 

Richards, William H., must. March 8,1804; prisoner; District of Columbia 
Cavalry. 

Soule, George A., must. March 8,1864; prisoner; District of Columbia Cavalry. 

Timnions, Charles E.. must. March 10, 1864; prisoner; District of Columbia 
Cavalry. 

Merrill, E. P., 1st lieut, prisoner ; from District of Columbia Cavalry. 

COMPANY E. 
Scott, Hiram, must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; died at Back Creek, Va., April 24, 1862. 
Goddaril, Charles, must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. for disability, Jan. 0, 1802. 
Hicks, Bcnj. C, must. Aug. 21, 1862 ; taken prisoner June 9, 1863 ; exchanged. 



sergt., must. Fob. 8, 1864, from District of Colun 



Thayer, John D., sergt 

Hill, Joseph C, Corp., n 

ing in battle, Ju 

Brennan, Patrick, mus 



Whitmore, Alfred H., 

Cavalry. 
Richiirdson, Osco, must. Aug. 20, 1802 ; pro. to coiii. ; pro. to sergt. ; killed Oct. 

27, 1864. 
Green, Frank W., sergt., District of Columbia Cavalry, must. Feb. 2,1864; 

wounded Oct. 27, 1864. 
Hall, Dana M., sergt., must. Jan. 28, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
True, George W., sergt., must. Feb. 12, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 

iiusl. Feb. 12, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 

St. Feb. 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry ; miaa- 

I 28, 1864. 

Feb. 10, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Blake, Horace P., must. Dec. 10, 1863, from District of Columbia Cavaliy. 
Chase, Samuel S., must. Jan. 30, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Capen, Charles W., must. Dec. 18, 1863, from Dii-trict of Columbia Cavalry. 
Davis, Charles N., must. Fob. 3, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Elliott, John 0., must. Feb. 4, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Goo, Peter G., must. Feb. 1, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Howard, William, must. Feb. 10, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Horrie, Thomas L., must. Jan. 10, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Herbert, James, must. Feb. 10, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Hermann, Christian S., must. Jan. 26, 1864, from District of Columbia Cjivalry. 
Jones, John, must. Feb. 12, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Leslie, Henry H., must. Feb. I, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
McKenney, William H., must. Feb. 4, 1864, from Dintrictof Coluuibia Cavalry. 
Meserve, James H., must. Feb. 0, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry; miss- 
ing in action, Sept. 10, 1864. 
McDuffle, Charles, must. Feb. 8, 1864, from District of Coluuibia Cavalry. 
Meriiit, James II., must. Feb. 12, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Marks, Augustus, saddler, must. Feb. 12, 1864, from District of Columbia Cav- 
alry ; missing in action, June 28, 1864. 
Wilber, Rufus A., must. Jan. 26, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 



COMPANY F. 

Mustered in Oct. 19, 1801. 



. to eorii. July 1, 186:i; trans, to 
rp. July 1, 1863; taken prisoner 



!-enl. Dec. 31, 1803. 



Eveleth, Melviu N., must. July 30, 1862 ; pr 

brigade headquarters. 
Merrill,John H.,must. Aug. 4, 1862; pro. to c 

June 21 ; exchanged. 
Paine, Richard H., must. Aug. 11, 1862; detached 1864. 
Harris, William, sergt. ; pro. to 1st sergt. and 2d lieut in 1802. 
Lowell, Albert, Corp. ; reduced ; disch. for disability, Nov. 30, 1862. 
Johnson, Walter, corp. ; reduced. 
Hallowell, H. F., wagoner; reduced; detached 1863; re-enlisted; detached at 

brigade headquarters. 
Dam, Charles F., appointed bugler, 1862; detached. 
Dodge, R. L., disch. for disability, Dec. 31, 1S62. 
Harris, Elisha De Wolf, pro. to Corp.; pro. to sergt.; 
Heald, Edwin, disch. for disability, Jan. 9, 1802. 
Jackson, Samuel H. 

Jackson, John B., disch. for disability, Jan. 15, 1803. 
Jordan, Hiram C, disch. lor disability, Nov. 11, 1802. 
Mason, J. W., died at Washington, Jan. 16, 1864. 
Plummor, Jere S., disch. for disability, May 9, 1862. 
Phelps, George W., wounded Sejit. 14 ; died Sept. 22, 1862. 
Skillings, Albert C, appointed bugler July 1, 1863; disch. Nov. 15, 1864. 
Skillings, C. W., pro. to Corp. January, 1803; missing in battle, Oct. 12, 1863. 
Sylvester, Charles H., trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Shaw, Daniel W., detached to Invalid Corps. 
Tewksbury, George D., disch. Nov. 26, 1801. 
Carling, Michael, must. Dec. .6, 1803, from District of Colu 

prisoner March 1, 1864. 
Smith, Wendell T., must. Sept. 4, 1864, from District of Coin 

at David's Island, N. Y. 

COMPANY G. 
Fessenden, Nathaniel S., must. Nov. 13, 1863. 
McKay, John, must. Jan. 18, 1864. 
Piper, Nathaniel, must. Nov. 12. 1863. 



nbia Cavalry; 



nbiaCavalr 



Crosby, George W., 
Dow, Albion K. P., 
McKusick, Benjaniii 
Wiuslow, William A 
bia Cavalry. 

Kimball, Cliallos A., 
Moulton, Charles E., 
TiLbotts, Byron T., 



COMPANY H. 
nust. Feb. 23, 1864, from District of Columbia Cjivalry. 
nust. March 8, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry 
n F., must. March 8, 1864, from District of Columbia Cav. 
., musician, must. March 8, 1804, from District of Colum- 

COMPANY I. 
nust. Dec. 2(i, 1863; missing Sept. 24, 1864. 



nust. Feb. 5, 1864, frot 
St. Fob. 16, 1884. 



I District of (Columbia Cavalry, 



Webber, Thomas C, cupt., must. Fob. 23, 1804, from District of Columbia Cav. 

COMPANY K. 
Hamilton, Cliarle.s E., must. Aug. 23, 1862; trans, as orderly to Gen. IVul ; 

wounded and Uken prisoner; exchanged; discharged. 
Smith, Windsor B., must. Aug. 23, 1802; pro. to Corp. July I, ISKl; pro. lo 

sergt. and q.m. sergt.; taken prisoner. 



428 



HISTORY OP CUMBEKLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Aloxftndor, Chelis A., must. Feb. 16, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Crosby, Diivid, must. Jan. 10, 1804, from Uistriit of Columbia Cavalry ; missing 

in battle, Sept. 10, 1804. 
Cobb, George, bllgler, must. Jan. 16, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry '• 

taken prisoner. 
Davis, Hoiace 0., must. Feb. ID, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Dyer, Stover G., must. Jan. 16, 1804, from District of Columbia Cavali-y. 
Gilpatrick, Jesse L., must. Feb. 16, 1804, from Distiict of Columbia Cavalry. 
Jong, Thojuas J., must. Feb. 10, 1864, from District of CoUuubia Cavalry. 

COMPANY L. 
liauBon, Elbridge M., wagoner, must. Feb. 10, 1804, from District of Columbia 
Cavalry. 

COMPANY M. 
Albert C. DaTn,B6rgt., must. Feb. 16, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Hiram T. Cook, sergt., must. Feb. 10, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Jeremiah S. Douglass, sergt., must. Feb. 10, 1864, from Distiict of Columbia 

Cavalry. 
Edward E. Chase, Corp., must. Feb. 16, 1864, from District of Columbia Cav. 
George C. Sabine, Corp., must. Feb. 10, 1864, from District of Columbia Cav. ; 

prisoner. 
Cotter, Thomas, must. Jan. 25, 1864, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 
Robinson, Elijah, must. Feb. 16, 1664, from District of Columbia Cavalry. 

SECOND MAINE CAVALRY. 

Cables, Robert B., Co. A; must. Oct, 17, 1804 ; disch. Aug. 'i9, 1804. 

Sawyer. Jones W., Co. B; must. Nov. :i(l, 186:!; discli. Dec. 6, 1805. 

Warner, Frank, Co. B; must. Nov. 30, 186:i. 

Burke, Abel, Co. B ; must. Nov. 30, 1864. 

Hall, William H., Co. B; must. Nov. 30, 1863; disch. June 13, 1864. 

Andrews, Frank, Co. D ; must. Dec. 9, 1803 ; disch. Dec. 6, 1865. 

Barker, Daniel W., Co. D ; must. Dec. 8, 1863 ; died Sept. 20, 1863. 

Burns, Charles, Co. D; must. Dec. 8, 1863. 

Donahoe, Peter, Co. D ; must. Dec. 8, 1863 j disch. for disability, Oct. 8, 1864. 

Grinnell, Williston, Co. D; must. Dec. 8, 1863 ; pro. Corp. ; disch. Dec. 6, 1865. 

O'Neal, Henry, Co. D ; must. Dec. 8, 1863 ; disch. Sept. 18, 1864. 

Wilson, John, Co. D ; must. Dec. 8, 186.3. 

Brackelt, peorge, Co. G ; must. Dec. 11, 1863 j trans, to Navy. 

Trowbridge, Charles S., Co. G ; must. Dec. 11, 1863 ; trans, to Navy. 

Bolton, James K., Co. L ; must. Dec. 24, 1863 ; died in hospital, Sept. 25, 1864. 

MOUNTED ARTILLERY. 

FIRST BATTERY. 
Mustered in Dec. 18, 1861, for three years. 
H. A. M. Quinn, sergt, died at New Orleans, Ang. 10, 1862. 
Moses Clough, coi-p. 

M. S. McDonald, Corp., reduced; disch. for disability in 1862. 
Cornelius B. Cooe, Corp. 

James Huntress, Corp., died at New Orleans, Aug. 20, 1862. 
Thomas Curran, corp., re-enl. Jan. 1, 1865. 

Newman, Andrew P., made artificer in 1862; disch. for disability, Feb. 1, 1863. 
Murphy, Jeremiah, made artificer in 1862 ; disch. for disability, April 9, 1803. 
Anderson, Andrew. 

Berg, Henry 0., disch. for disability, Aug. 15, 1862 ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864. 
Conway, Joseph, disch. for disability, April 9, 1803. ■ 
Cummings, Stephen ; Donald, P. 0. 
Johnson, Charles, re-enl. Jan. 1, 1804. 

Johnson, John, re-enl. Jan. 1, 1804 ; killed in battle, Oct. 19, 1804. 
McCarty, Timothy, pro. to sergt. 
McCaun, Daniel, re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864 ; pro. corp. 
.Manning, James, killed on the Boston and Lowell Riiilroad in 1802. 
Mathews, James. 

Nugent. John, re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864. 
UiueBeld, Simon, disch. for disability, Aug. 15, 1802. 
Robinson, John. 

Sullivan, Daniel, killed on the Boston and Lowell Railroad in 1802. 
Shields, Edward, disch. for disability, Aug. 15, 1862. 
Sellar, William, re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 
Duval, Claude. 

Chase, James N., must. Jan. 1, 1864. 
Hosey, George B., musician, must. Dec. 18, 1862. 
Smith, John. 

Thompson, John, appointed bugler in 1862; re-enl. .Ian. 1, 1804. 
Ileidleman, Robert, died at Now Orleans, Nov. 2, 1862. 
Gotfny, James R. 

Bond, Edwin F., pro. to sergt. Sept. 20, 1862. 
Fuller, Benjamin C, must. Jan. 1, 1804. 
Gillespie, John, must. Jan. 1, 1804. 
Hall, Frederick, must. Jan. 1, 1864. 
McCormick, Maurice, must. Jan. 1, 1864. 
McDonald, Peter, re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864. 
McNaniara, Joseph, re-enl.. Ian. 1, 1864. 
Norton, William, re-enl. Jan. I, 1864. 
Prentice, L. M., re-enl. Jan. 1, 1804. 
Whitlock, Henry J., re-eid. Jan. 1, 1804. 
Yansic, John, re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864. 



Ackerman, Charles C, must. Feb. 29, 1864. 

Burnham, Charles N., must. Feb. 25, 1804. 

Black, Thomas, must. April 7, 1864. 

Boyce, Patrick H., must. Feb. 16, 1864. 

Curran, Michael, must. Feb. 10, 1864. 

Cummings, Richard P., must. Feb. 10, 1864. 

Cragin, Jeremiah, must. Feb. 29, 1864. 

Daly, Michael B., must. Feb. 10, 1864. 

Doherty, Frauds J., must. March 2, 1864; wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 

Duherty, .lames, must. Feb. 10, 1864 ; wounded Oct. 19, 1804. 

Devine, Thomas M., must. April 12, 1864 ; wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 

Fisher, William, must. Jan. 1, 1864. 

Kennard, Charles 0., must. Aug. 28, 1862 ; pro. artificer in 1863. 

Tbomiison, Thomas M. 

English, John, must. March 29, 1864. 

Francis, Horatio N., must. Feb. 24, 1864. 

Fuller, Benjamin C, must. Jan. 1, 1864. 

Golden, Philip E., must. Feb. 1, 1804. 

Hall, Stillman, must. Feb. 29, 1864. 

Kerrigan, Patrick, must. Feb. 25, 1864. 

Levitt, Charles, must. April 15, 1864. 

McKoan, Patrick, must. February, 1864 ; wounded Sept. 19, 1864. 

Monclian, Jon. 

Nellis, James, must. March 29, 1864; taken prisoner Oct. 19, 1864. 

Netson, William E., must. Feb. 27, 1864; wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 

Pratt, James, must. Feb. 17, 1864. 

Quinby, Oliver B., must. Feb. 24, 1864. 

Rafferty, Thomas, must. Feb. 24, 1864. 

Thompson, Joseph, must. April 6, 1864. 

SECOND BATTERY. 
Mustered out July 15, 1865. 
Banks, William S., must. Dec. 28, ISOl ; died March 7, 1862. 
Lovell, Henry C, must. Dec. 14, 1801 ; disch. for wounds, April 8, 1803. 
McDonald, Ambrose, must. Dec. 28, 1861. 
Chamberlain, Charies B., must. Jan. 20, 1864. 
Stinson, Nathaniel, must. Jan. 25, 1864. 

FOURTH BATTERY. 
Mustered out June 17, 1865. 
Brown, James, must. Oct. 10, 1804. 

Cornell, Quinlon, must. Dec. 21, 1864; wounded September 28. 
Donaldson, Thomas, must. Oct. 10, 1864. 
French, Thomas F., must. Sept. 20, 1864. 
Friars, Barney, must. Oct. 10, 1864. 
Goodwin, James H., must. Sept. 20, 1864. 
Henry, Hugh, must. Oct. 7, 1864. 
McKay, Alexander, must. Jan. 15, 1864. 
Moore, John, must. Dec. 28, 1803. 

Maxwell, William A., must. Nov. 21, 1803 ; trans, to Navy. 
Rogers, Flarrety, must. Dec. 15, 1863. 
Seabot, John H., must. Jan. 21, 1864; trans, to Navy. 

FIFTH BATTERY. 
Mustered Dec. 4, 1861 ; discharged July 6, 1865. 
George E. Freeman, sergt., wounded at Manassas ; died. 
Aunis Kimball, wagoner. 
Brown, John A., corp., must. Dec. 21, 1861 ; pro. to sergt., 1862 ; trans, to Invalid 

Corps. 
Clapp, Andrew J., re-enl. Jan. 4, 1864. 

Dennison, George, wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1803. 
Gammon, William W., disch. for disability, Dec. 10, 1863. 
Harmon, Algernon S., re-enl. Jan. 4, 1804; detached. 
Marston, Joseph L., appointed forage-master, 1802, wagon-master, 1863. 
McRae, Andrew, corp., pro. to sergt. ; disch. for disability, Feb. 18, 18G4. 
Murphy, John, artificer, re-enl. Jan. 4, 1864. 
Seymour, Henry D., pro. to sergt.; taken prisoner; exchanged. 
Smith, Thomas J., disch. 1862. 
Thompson, E. R. L., pro. to corp. 

Woods, John, must. Jan. 10, 1862; appointed guidon, 1802. 
Thompson, Eben, re-enl. Feb. 20, 1864. 

Walker, Archibald I. (!., must. March 3, 1864 ; wounded Oct. 19. 
Woods, Daniel, must. Feb. 23, 1864. 
Berry, William, must. Sept. 18, 1862. 
Casey, James, must. Aug. 28, 1862. 
Kelly, Patrick, must. Aug. 28, 1802. 
Kennard, Charles 0., must. Aug. 28, 1862. 
McGafferty, John, must. Sept. 18, 1862. 

Oleson, Charles W., must. Aug. 28, 1862; detached as hospital steward. 
O'Neil, Cornelius, niusl. Sept. 18, 1862; wounded at Chancellorsville. 
Spaulding, Edward, must. Sept. 18, 1862; detached at Alexandria, Va., 1862. 
Witham, Charles C, must. Ang. 28, 1662; appointed bugler, 1863. 
Woods, Joseph, must. Sept, 18, 1862. 

SIXTH BATTERY. 
Mustered Jan. II, 1802 ; discharged June 17. 1865. 
Orville W. Merrill, sergt., pro. to 2d lieut. in 19th luf , 1862. 
Uardnor, Jeremiah, pro. to q.m. sergt., 1862; ro-onl. Feb. 8, 1864, aa artificer. 



ROSTER OP SOLDIERS. 



429 



McCut', Peter, taken prisoner at Manassas ; exchanged ; re-enl. Feli. 8, 1SG4. 

Trefethcn, Epps A.; Horr, Henry J. 

Gallison, W. H., pro. to Ist sergt.: must, as 2il lii'ut., June 22, 180:!. 

Cliarles E. Stubbs, cook, must. Jan. 25, 1862 ; disch. for disability, Feb. 17, 186i. 

Thursby, Samuel, must. Sept. 23, 1862 ; pro. to lieut. ; wounded May 14, and died 

June 18,1884. 
Dow, Sterling, mnst. Sept. 25, 18G2; pro. to Corp., 1862, to q.m. sergt., 1863. 
Liicas, William, must. Feb. 24, 1804. 

Saxton, Peter, must. Feb. 19, 1864 ; wounded at Wilderness. 
Dean, John G., must. Sept. 3, 1862. 
HodgdoM, Robert, must. January, 1862; diach. March 31, 1862. 

SEVENTH BATTERY. 
Oummings, Robert, must. Sept. 28, 1864. 
Cram, Andrew L., must. Sept. 3U, 1864. 
Haskell, Alfred J., must. Oct. 4, 1864. 
Litclifleld, Oscar W., must. Oct. 4, 1864. 
Policy, Isaac F., must. Aug. 13, 1864. 
Savage, John T., must. Aug. .5, 1S61. 

UNITED STATES NAVY. 
William H. Alexander, Nathaniel P. Allen, Jolin Alex, C. Angellu, E. Aiken, 
Horace W. Annis, Andrew Allen, John Albion Andrews, Wm. Adams, 
Francis P. Andrews, William Abbott, Wm. Anderson, John .\ral. Peter 
Andrew, George G. Batchelder, Warren Badger, George Bailey, Miles J. 
Blake, John F. Blankingbuig, Edward Burke, Amos Beveridge, Hiram 
Brown, Chas. Bowman, H. Bridman, Joseph Baker, John H. Blake, Geo. 
Brown, Thomas Burns, David Black. J. R Briggs, Charles Brown, Patiick 
Burns, Tliomas Bra.ly, George E. Burbank, William Beebe, Henry C. 
Blanchard, James Bell, Cyrus H. Brown, John F. Brown, H. A. Brown, 

D. H. Brogdon, Lewis Bellows, John Broda, James P. Brown, E R. Bow- 
man, Horace Brewer, Robert M. Blair, Abijah Brown, James W. 
Bragg, Frederick B. Baxter, James Bright, D. M. Bond, Thomas Black, 
John P. Brown, William Beebe, Joel K. Brewer, Albert L. Boutelle, 
Eben Blake, Frank 8. Butler, Sylvanus Bailey, Fred. B. Buxtan, Pat- 
rick Brennan, John Cane, John W. Carey, Riciiard Carney, George 
Chaney, Samuel B. Clark, Albert W. Colby, George U. Cole, John Conley, 
David W. Cook, John Crowley, Stephen Cummings, Thomas Calligan, 
William Chambers, William Calson, James Cullen, Charles H. Cobb, John 
Campbell, William Cannan, .\ndrew C. Chick, James Casey, George L. 
Caswell, Nelson Crockett, Lyman Curtis, Francis Cousins, Tlios. Clark, 
Samuel Clinetf, James H. Grossman, Fiederick Columbia, James Curtis, 
John C. Cartis, Warren C. Cammett, J. W. Campbell, J. 11. Cooper, H. M. 
Carr, Charles H. Conant, William H. Caley, George Chadsey, Michael 
Cunningham, John R. Caten, Sanford Crawford, Edmund Coffin, John P. 
Coffin, William Cook, James Carlin, William H. Chadsey, Daniel Carnell, 
John Campbell, Thomas Coghlin, Samuel H. Chase, Charles Curran, J. 
Curran, Lyman Curtis, Nelson Crockett, S. F. Chaplin, Francis Carson, 
Francis A. Cobb, John Cavenaugh, William U. Colby, Aug. W. Chandler, 
William Churchill, Jas. Corcoran, Michael Connelly, Peter Dailey, Jere- 
miah Denavan, John Dennison, James Deering, Thomas Donnelly, Pat- 
rick Dotigher, G. P. Dodge, John Downey, John Damon, David Davis, 
Charles Deaneke, Watson G. Drinkwater, Charles Dolierty, Edward Do- 
herty, Joseph Davis, James Dunn, J. M. Dillingham, William H. W. G. 
Davis, James Dunn, William Dudley, John Doarty, Patrick Devon, John 
Dameron, Samuel Dutch, William C. Douglass, Sewell S. Day, Patrick 
Doherty, Thomiis Dixon, Wm. Dowling, Horace Estes, John R. Eaton, 
Thomas Emery, George S. T. Ellis, Christian P. Emgfer, G. Emmons, John 
Edwards, Charles E. Edwards, John Edson, Alvin Eastman, Josiah Ellett, 
William F. Elliot, John Erricson, James Farmer, Joseph Francis, James 

E. Fickett, John A. Flint, Horace B. Fogg, John Foster, Abner L. Foote, 
Richard Fuller, W. W. Furlong, Thomas Foye, Thomas Parity, George W. 
Frost, Ebenezer T. Foote, Wm. H. Frost, Rodger Fauglity, Joseph S. Pin- 
ley, Joseph G. Francis, Thomas Fox, Mayhew C. Foss, P. M. Fuller, Ed- 
mund Freeman, Simon N. Frost, James Forest, Frederick 0. Fales, Wil- 
liam A. Forsaith, Frederick Fenderson, Tliomas Flore, William M. Gage, 
Frank C. Gould, Edward A. Gove, Lawrence Griffin, Joseph Griffin, John 
Gannett, James Geeman, 11. W.Garland, Michael Gillen, John A. Griffin, 
James Gowan, Hiram C. Gage, Parkman Gardner, E. B. Oreenleaf, James 
Green, James W. Growy, Patrick Gillen, Octavius Garnoy, David S. 
Goodwin, Charles H. Hanson, Albert J. Haley, John B. Horten, John M. 
Herbert, John Hickey, Dennis Hickey, Edward Hiller, James E. Hodg- 
kins, Charles R. Hodgkins, Joseph H. Hodgkins, Wm. H. Hubbs, Robert 
Hudson, Harvey E. Hutchinson, Frank Holfman, Henry 0. Hare, Wood- 
bury Hill, Thomas Hayes, Washburn Hurd, Frederick W. Henderson, 
John A. Hyde, J. F. Haggett, Thomas Hodgdon, P. Harris, G. W. Horse- 
ford, George H. B. Howe, George Hamons, David Hennison, Thos. Hard- 
ing, Thoa. Hayden, Joseph H.Hilton, John Harrington, Eben Higgins, 
Allen Hawkins, Thomas Hayes, Albert J. Hight, James T. Hatch, Wm. 
H. Huntington, William Harmon, Martin Halligan, David Henry, Gar- 
rett 0. Heron, Deering Heard, Fred. E. Hutchins, John Jenkins, John 
Johnson, Charles Johnson, David H. Jones, Eleazor Jones, Joshua W. 
Johnson, Samuel Johnson, Charles G. Jones, Walter S. Jones, John J. 
Jones, John Jameson, Henry Johnson, James Jenkins, William Jones, 
J. W. C. Jackson, Daniel W. Jackson, Nathaniel Johnson, Jno. 0. James, 
Frederick Jordan, John Kane, Richard Kearney, Paul Kingsley, Thomas 
Kirhy, James Karman, Thomas Kelly, William Kelly, Edward Kelly, 



.I.din Kelly, Z.T. Knight, John Kerrigan, Samuel Kimball, Roht Keston, 
James Keeley, John Keofe, John Keullen, David Keoley, Bernard Kelly, 
William King, Isaac Kilpatrick, T. 0. Kiel, B. s. Kimball, William Kat«n, 
Heni-y Knight, Jae. Keo, William Larkin, Benj. Larraboc, Jno. F. Long, 
Timothy J. Looney, John E. Loring, John Lowry, John Lowry, Jr., Ja». 
Lowry, Jas. Lowry, Jr., Chas. Lowry, Chas. Lowry, Jr., Wm. B. Lyons, 
Wm. Lovell, J. G. Lewis, Jno. Lyon, Rufus B. Ladd, F. H. Libbcy, Horace 
Littleflelcl, Thos. Laken, Decatur Leach, Jno. Lansing, Charles Leighton, 
Thos. Leonard, Wm. Lee, Phil. Livingston, Wm. Laurence, Geo. Lee, Sol. 
H.Mann,Jno.O.Maraton,Robt. Moore, And. McGilvery,Ja«.H. McMann, 
Henry Munroe, J. T. Marshall, Alex. Murray, Thomas Mername, Fred- 
erick Mark, James Morrison, John C. Mayberry, William JlcOrath, 
John Mullen, Edward Murray, John Madden, John B. Murphy, John 
Murphy, John McMillan, W. McMaster, Edward R. Mitchell, Thomas 
Mitchell, Edward Marsh, Thomas McLaughlin, Alden Moulton, Solo- 
mon W. Marr, John McCuire, William McKay, Elislia D. Moree, Luke 
W. Morang, Nicholas Murphy, Patrick McGowan, James Mahan, 
George W. Moody, James McKay, Daniel McLair, John McMaster, Asa 
T. Merrill, George Morang, Bailey Mitchell, Ambrose Molts, Dennis 
McCarty, John McCullum, Frederick Marks, George C. Mayberry, JamM 
McCordle, John Morrissy, Wilder McMitchell, Lawrence Marshal, Mer- 
rilt Marston,Jobn W. Miuot, John McDonald, John Morgan, George 
Morgan, Daniel McClain, William II. McKenney, Ezekiel V. Millett, 
James McEldee, Thomas McGlinchy, William Nelson, John Nich- 
olas, T. K. Norris, 0. Nelson, Andrew Nelson, Hemnin Nowell, Eugene 
Newbegin, Theodore Nelson, Charles G. Nichids, William R. Niles, 
John W. North, Patrick O'Connor, John O'Brien, Samuel Orr, George 
W. R. Pollock, Patrick Parkin, Richard Parkin, George T. Patten, 
William J. Patterson, David Peterson, Peter Peterson, Jesse K. Pierce, 
Daniel M. Pote, Henry O. Proctor, Matthew Packer, Alonzo M. Pinney, 
Benjamin Palmer, W. B. Poole, George Peters, William Pries, G. W. Paul, 
Joseph Pratt, George Patterson, William Powers, George W. Parlin, 
Charles E. Parlin, John A. Pcllett, A. P. Pinney, George A. Pollister, D. 
M. Pote, James H. Pierce, Williani Poor, Charles H. Perkins, Enoch Per- 
kins, Alfred A. Ramsdell, .lohn M. Reynolds, Oscar M. Reed, Thomas 
Rice, Charles II. Rice, Wentworth R. Richardson, George H. Robert^*, 
Rufus D. Rogers, Charles H. Rolfe, John H. L. Boss, William C. Ross, 
Michael Rooney, George Roman, Andrew Roman, Harold A. Ranspach, 
Henry Reese, E. Rowe, C. P. Rowe, Francis Remas, F. J. Rogers, Charles 
Rolfe, John Rooney, T. L. Reed, John Roundy, John Robinson, T. J. Rod- 
gers, T. C. Rounds, Sylvanus Bobbins, Robert H. Robinson, James G. 
Samples, John Sawyer, James Scanlan, Artemas Small, Charles Staples, 
Theodoie Spear, Neptune Stephenson, Henry Stewart, Henry A. Simpson, 
John A. Simpson, Charles D. Skilliugs, John M. Skillings, Albert J. 
Smith, Michael Smith, Charles C. Soule, William Sloan, John Snowden, 
Henry B. Sturgess, R. Sedgly, S. B. Sanborne, William St. John, Robert 
Steele, George T. Spencer, Samuel Stanwooil, Robert Small, J. C. Smith, 
Walter S. Smith, Andrew J. Steele, Alonzo Smiley, George Stinchfield, 
Thomas Shephard, Charles F. Shennard, William Stevenson, John Smith, 
John P. Staunton, George R. Spear, John Salvador, Henry W. Smith, 
Peter Scanimel, Edward Simmonds, Daniel Shields, William H. Stock- 
bridge, James Shankas, George Scott, G. H. Stinchtield, James Simpson, 
Peter Scanlan, J. Sullivan, Timothy 0. Sullivan, Chas. Squire, H. Smith, 
J. M. Smith, H. A. Sampson, Robert Steele, U. M. Sweetser, Moses Smith, 
Jas. L. Shackley, Wm. L. Shackley, Wm. Smith, Jas. T. Smith, Sauiuet 
Smith, George Sweetser, Thos. Studley, J. 31. Trefetben, J. M. Toomy, 
Fred. Toomly, Anthony Tarring, Charles Turner, John Tucker, Daniel 
Tootbaker, Alfred C. Thompson, Job H. Trott, John Thomas, David 
Thompson , James Tliomas, Henry Thomas, Charles Upton, D. M.Vaughan , 
Charles Vanschaick, Francis J. Viannah, Josiah Veazie, Nathaniel B. 
Walker, Daniel Ward, John Ward, Thomas F. Welch, Francis Witham, 
John White, William J. Whitehall, Phineas Whitney, Henry Whitticr, 
Alexander Wyman, II. Wegmire, L. Woodbury, J. Williams, Wm. White, 
William Whiscomb, A. H. Whittemore, John Wlialey, John Wilson, Eben 
Watt, Robert Williamson, Walter West, Charles Wallace, Charle« L. 
West, Thomas Welch, Joseph Wilson, John G. Weeks, Joseph Wren, 
Joseph Wilson {'Zd), John Williams, Walter H. West, Thomas Wbaley, 
John Walker, Peter Wilson, J. Wright, Michael Waters, George Wilson, 
John Weed, James T. Williams, F. P. Ward, Joseph Wilson, Joseph 
Wentworth, Stephen Warren, Benjamin Waters, Robert White, Morris 
Welch, Charles Williams, David Wharton, William Yates. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Badger, Abner, lllh Mass. Inf. 
Baker, David, Jr., Ist. Nebraska Cav. 
Black, Peter W., 9lh Mass. Inf. 
Bradbury, Edward, 52d Mass. Inf. 
Bean, William A., 13th Mass. Inf. 
Beard, James, 38th Mass. Inf. 
Beckett, Williani 11., 45th Mass. Inf. 
Byron, Franklin, 2d Mass. Inf. 
Barry, Anlbony, U. S. Army. 
Curran, John, U. S. Army. 

Cameron, Robert, New York Cav. 

Conley, Martin, 14th Mass. Inf. 

Conroy, Iraucis, N. Y. Cav. 

Crosby, Slark, Mass. Kegt. 



430 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



,rd'8 staff. 



Ciirrin, Michael, 23d Moss. Inf. 
Day, Juliiili, U. S. EiigiiiDcra. 
Duiaii, Peter A., 9tli Mass. Inf. 
Drinkwator, David, 50th N. Y. Regt. 
Dowlaii, William, 32d Mass. Inf. 
Emeiy, Frederick W., 7th Kansas Inl 
Fessonden, James D., on Ge 
FcrnalJ, William I,., U. S. Engineers. 
Floyd, Charles R., 22d Mass. Inf. 
Frost, James H., N. II. Sharpshooteis. 

Flynn, John, Mass. Regt. 

Griffin, William, U. S. Engineoi-s. 

Hogan, Patrick H., N. Y. Ca». 

Lane, Saninel M., luth N. Y. Cav. 
Marston, Andrew J., U. S. Engineers. 
Manning, William 0., Ist Mass. Regt. 
Margan, Charles F. 1st Mass. Regt. 
Margan, Rohert B., 6th N. Y. Vols. 

Marshall, William H., N. Y. Regt. 

McClaskey, Joseph, 13th Mass. Inf. 

McGuire, Arthur S., Fremont's Corps, in Missouri. 

McLaughlin, Michael, Gen. Corcoran's Brigade. 

Miller, James F., asst. adjt.-gen. on statf of Gen. Shepley. 

Milliken, Frank J., Cth Muss. Inf. 

Monohan, John, N. Y. Regt. 

Morse, Alonzo F., Cth N. Y. Regt. 
Murch, George W., 12th Mass. Inf. 

Murphy, Daniel, Mass. Regt. 

Noyes, George F., N. T. Regt. 

Noyos, Charles H., 1st. Mass. Regt. 

Noyes, Frank, N. Y. Regt. 

Nutter, Joseph E., 1st Mass. Regt. 
Osgood, Charles H., U. S. Engineers. 

O'Neal, Michael, R. I. Regt. 

Perkins, Henry W., U. S. Engineers. 
Pearson, Edward H., 23d Mass. Inf. 

Pettengill, George A., N. Y. Regt. 

Rhine, David H., N. Y. Cav. 

Russell, Frank A., Vt. Cav. 

Shaw, Abner 0., N. Y. Regt. 

Shaw, William E., 6th Mass. Regt. 
Slater, Robert, Gen. Corcoran's Brigade. 
Simmons, George C, 35th Mass. Inf. 
Smith, Amasa G., 1st Mass. Regt. 
Smith, HoUis R.,40th N. Y. Inf. 
Tanner, William H., 12th Mass. Inf. 
Tanner, George, 12th Mass. Inf. 
Tanner, .lames, 12th Mass. Inf. 
Turner, Henry K., U. S. Eusineer.s. 



BALDWIN. 

Butterfield, Justin S., Co. E, 3()th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1863 ; diach. at end of war. 
Burnoll, Thomas A., Co. E, 30tli Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1863; died Sept. 18, 1864. 
Burnell, Aaron, Co. E,30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1863; disch. at end of war. 
Burnell, Appleton N., Co. E, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1863 ; disch. at end of war. 
Brown, Daniel W., Co. A, Hth Inf.; most. Aug. 18, 1802; q.m. clerk ; mi-ssing 

in battle. May 12, 1864 ; killed at Spotteylvania. 
Burnell, Alpheus, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 18('.l ; die.l at Fornamlina, 

Fla., June 25, 1862. 
Burnell, Henry L., Co. I, 8tli Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1S61. 
Burnell, Melville C, corp,, Co. C, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 2, 1861. 
Binford, Thomas G., Co. E, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1861. 
Burnell, John P., Co. K, 12tli Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; died at New Orleans, 

June 26, 1862. 
Barheliler, Joseph S., Co. I, ITtli Inf. ; must. Jan. 16,1864; disch. Oct. 20, 1864. 
Bachelder, Sylvanus J., Co. K, 25lh Inf. ; must. Sept 29, 1862. 
Bachelder, Edward F., Co. I, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864; died March 25, 1864. 
Cousins, William, Oo. 1, 31st Inf. ; must. April 14, 1861 ; died Aug. 26, 1804. 
Cram, LeanderE., Co. E, 9lh Inf.; nnist. Sept. 22, 1861 ; must, in 30th Inf. Dec. 

12, 1863. 
Cram, Andrew P., Co. K, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Dyer, Osborne, Co. K, 2oth Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Dearborn, William H., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1863. 
Flint, John W., Co. A, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; pro. Corp. and sergt. ; 

disch. June 4, 1866. 
Flint, Edgar h., Co. E, 30tli Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1863. 
Flint, John C, Jr., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863; died at Winchester, 

Va., Jan. 30, 1805. 
Fobs, Albert M., Co. E, 3Uth Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1803. 
Gurney, George N., Co. K, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company, 

July 10, 1863. 
Guptil, William, Co. K, 2Ath Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. with company. 
Uoit, Thonws J., Co. D, 9th Inf.; died at Fortress Monroe, Feb. 23, 1866. 
Harding, Henry, Co. K, 2l8t Inf.; must. .Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with comp.iny. 



Milliken, Nathan ».,(\<. K ; I2lh I?if.; must. Nov. 16, 1801 ; di.d at New Or- 
leans, Oct. 11,1803. 

Murch, Alfred B., bugler, Co. F. Isl Civ , nnist.d.l 10,1801. 

Newcomb, Elisha D., Co. I), 9th Inf. ; di.cl at Wilnii gton, N. C, March 27, 1865. 

Osborne, Dyer, Co. D, 9lh Inf. ; ilied at Baldwin, Mo , Aug. 2, 1806. 

Parker, Arthur D , Co. E, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 20, 1801 ; disch. Ang. 7, 1862. 

Parker, Alexander, Co. D, 2d Inf.; enl. July 2, 1861. 

Parker, James M., Co. H, 51li Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 

Parker, Alonzo F., Co. I, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 

Pease, Daniel C, Co. B, Ist Vet. Inf. ; died near Biehmonil from wounds, April 
2, 1866. 

Pierce, Alfred, bugler, C'o. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1801. 

Pease, George M., 7th Bat. Moiinled Art.; must. Nov. 15, 1804; disih. with 
company. 

Rounds, Daniel, musician, Co. E, 9lh Inl. : ninsl .Sept. 22, ISCl. 

Rounds, James C, Co. E, 9th Inf.: must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; re-enl. in Co. K, J.'ith 
Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. willi company. 

Rowe, David, Co. E, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1861. 

Richardson, Aaron, Co. E, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; wounde.l at Port 
Hudson ; died May 28,1863. 

Richardson, Howard T<, Co. K,26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29,1802; disch. wilhrom- 
pany. 

Ricliardson, Amos, Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 12, 1804. 

Richardson, Albion S., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1803. 

Rounds, James A., flo. E, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 13, 1863. 

Rowe, FruTik S., Co. E, 3otli Inf. ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; died Dec. 6, 1804. 

Shauu, Winthrop H., Co. F, IVlh Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. June 10, 1805. 

Sawyer, Charles F., Co. I, 17th luf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; wounded Nov. 17, 
1863; disch. with company. 

Sawyer, Onsville, Co, K, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Spencer, Isaac F., Co. K, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Strout, Sylvester S,, corp., Co. E, 3cJth Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1863. 

Sanborn, Reuben, Co. I, 30lh Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1804. 

Thomas, Isaac, Cc. K, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Thorn, Baitholomew, Co. K, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Vasnins, Orrin D., Co. F, 11th Inf. ; must. Oct. 27, 1864; disch. Oct. 26, 1805. 

Wentworth, James A., Co. K, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Walker, Charles L., Co. I, :i(illi Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864; died at Morganza, 
La., June 19,1864. 

Wentworth, Charles N., must. April U, 1864; wounded May 12. 

Wentworth, Benjamin 0., Oo. E, 12th Inf. ; wounded; died at Winchester, Va., 
Oct. 20, 1864. 

Yates, Cyrus, Co. I, 31st Inf ; died at David's Island, N. Y., Ang. 30, 1864. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Cram, Ebenczer W., 1st ser^t., Co. H, 11th M;iss. Inf 

Foss, Albert M., Sth Mass. Inf. 

Gammon, John P., Co. H, 40tli N. Y. Inf. ; died at Alexi 

Lowell, James E., Co. C, 17th Mass. Inf. ; died at Baltii 

Ordway, Daniel, New Hampshire Regt. 

Parker, Gardner M., 2d Mass. Regt. 

Richardson, Almon, .".oth Mass. Inf. 

Robinson, George, 3d Vermont Regt. 

Sanborn, Almon, oOtli Mass. Inf. 

Storer, John, Ma.'is. Regt. 

Wormwood, Samuel, 2d llbode Island Regt. 



Iria, Va., Feb. 9, 1862. 
e, Md., Feb. 1, 1862. 



BRIDGTON. 

I, Co. n, 1st Battalion Inf. 



April .^1,1865; disch. 
t. Nov. I.-., 1S04; disch. with 



Bodge, Henry W., i 

Sept. 25, 1865. 
Bennett, Joseph L., 7th Dat. Mo 

company. 
Brown, Oliver, Co. C, 31st Inf. ; must. March 23, 1864 ; disch. July 15, 1865. 
Brown, Thomas M., Co. B, 2:id Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. April 24, 1803. 
Blake, William J., Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Brackett, Forester C, Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; died in Marylanil. 

Dec. 26, 1802. 
Barnard, Luther P., Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; died in Maryland, 

Dec. '25, 1802. 
Bacon, Marshall A., Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company, 

July 15, 1863; re-enl. in Co. F, 30th Inf., as sergt., Jan. 4, 1864; disch. 

Aug. 20, 1865. 
Bennett, J. Loneville, Corp., Co. B, Kid I[if. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. April 

6, 1863. 
Bennett, Charles, Corp., Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; reduced, 1862; 

disch. with ret;iniunt. 
Bennett, Charles, Co. 1), 19th Inf. ; must. Oct. 8, 1864 ; pro. to Ist lieut. ; transf. 
Boston, Nathan P., Co. I, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 
Boston, Nathan P., saddler, Co. I, 2d Ov. ; must. Dec. 24, 1803. 
Boyd, James, Co. I, 5th Inf. ; must. June '24, 1861. 
Bailey, Richard T., regimental band. Kith Inf.; must. Oct. '>, 1801 ; disoh. Seiv 

tember, 1862. ^ 

Burnham, Charles II., Co. K, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



431 



Buriiliain, Jame8 11., Co. E, inth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, ISGl. 

Bisbee, Robert, Co. I, 10th iTif.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Bacon, Melville C, Co. E, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861. 

Bacon, Cliarles 11., Co. E, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; discli. Nov. 27, 1862. 

Bacon, Granville E., Co. E, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; re-onl. in 12th Me. Bat. 

Brackett, Orin T., Co. E, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15,1801; disch. on a writ. 

Bailey, George H., Co. II, 10th Inf ; must. Aug. 12, 18G2; trans, to 29th Maine 

liegt. ; wounded Oct. 19, 1864. 
Bailey, Marshall, Co. H, loth Inf.; must. Aug. 12,1862; wounded at Antietam ; 

died Sept. 28, 1802. 
Buswell, \Villi;im H., Co. I, lltli Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; disch. Dec. 18, 186:i. 
Burnell, Samuel P., Corp., Co. F, 16th Inf. ; must. Aug. 14, 18C2; wounded June 

•2, 1864; disch. March 1, 1805. 
Barker, Larkin E., Co. F, 16th Inf. ; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. June, 1865. 
Bisbee, Robert, Co. F,30th Inf; nmst. Dec. 29, 1863; disch. with company, Aug. 

2(1, 18G5. 
Bacon, Albert G., Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1803; disch. with compiiiiy, 

Aug. 20, 1865. 
Brown, Rufus, 5th Bat. Mounted Art. ; must- Feb. 20, 1864 ; disch. with company. 
Bridgham, Daniel C, coi-p, Co. H,I2th Inf.; must. March 13, 1866; disch. March 

16, 1860. 

Bailey, Alonzo D., Co. H, 12th Inf. ; must. March 13, 1S05 ; disch. March 16, 1866. 

Bailey, Francis H., Co. H, 12tb Inf.; must. March 13, 1865 ; disch. May 15. 1865. 

Cross, John B., Co. H, 12th Inf. ; must. March 13, 186.'i ; disch. with company. 

Churchill, Algernon H., Co. K, 1st Inf; must. May 3, 1801. 

Chaplin, Caleb A., Co. E, 12th Inf.; jnust. Nov. 15, 1801 ; disch. July 16, 1802. 

Cross, Moses, Co. E, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1861. 

Carter, Eilwin, Co. G, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; taken pris. Oct. 19; trans. 

to 12th Battalion. 
Cobb, Edwin, Co. H, 10th Inf; must. Aug. 13, 1802; wounded at Antietam; 

trans, to 291h Regt. 
Cleaves, Royal, Co. F, loth Inf; must. Aug. 14, 1S02; pro. to hosp. steward, 

1804; disch. 1866. 
Cross, Aaron, Co. F, 16th Inf ; must. Aug. 14, 1862 ; disch. June 6, 1865. 
Cleaves, Henry B., fergt., Co. B, 23d Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; pro. to 1st lieut. 
Carsley, Francis B., Co. B, 23d Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Corser, Darwin L., Co. B, 23d Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Cole, John H., 1st Bat. Mounterl Art.; must. Jan. 4, 1804; disch. with company. 
Cole, Levi, Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. March 21, 1866 ; disch. with company, March 

17, 1806. 

Chase, Charles H., Co. H, 31st Inf; must. April 21, 1864; disch. Aug. 7, 1865. 

Dunn, Charles, Co. B, 23d Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. April 7, 1863. 

Damon, Joseph B., Co. I, llth Inf; must. Aug. 15, 1862. 

Douglass, Richard D., Co. E, V.'th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1861; discb. Oct. 11, 1862. 

Dodge, Royal L., Co, E, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; disch. April 11, 1862. 

Dodge, Lorenzo, hosp. steward, 15th Inf ; must. Dec. 18, 1801 ; pro. to asst. surg. 
in 1803. 

Dalton, Benjamin, Co. F, lOth Inf.; must. April 14, 1862; wounded Aug. 18, 
1864 ; pro. to Corp. ; disch. June 5, 1865. 

Dyer, Christopher R., Co. B, 23d Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Davis, Edward, Corp., Co. F, 30th Inf ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; disch. Aug. 20, 1865. 

Dodge, Chailes B., must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; pro. to Corp. ; diach. Aug. 20, 1806. 

Dodge, Benjamin, Jr., Co. G, 12th Inf ; must. March 10, 1863 ; trans, to Rut. 1 iilli 
Me. Inf 

Emerson, Joshua, Co. C, 3l8t Inf; must. March 23, 1804; disch. July 15, 1865. 

Frye, Albion K. P., 4th Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Dec. 21, 1861 ; disch. Dec. 30, 
1864. 

Fitch, Edwin, Co. I, 1st Inf ; must. May 3, 1861 ; taken pris. May 25, 1802 ; pro. 
to sergt. 

Fitch, Edwin, Co. I, lOtli Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 

Pitch, Ansell S., Co. I, loth Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; pro. to Corp. 

Follett, William, Co. 1, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 

Fitch, Richard, sergt., Co. H, 12th Inf ; must. March 16, 1865 ; disch. with com- 
pany, March 16, 1860. 

Gibson, John H., Corp., Co. H, 12th Inf; must. March l:i, 1805; disch. with 
company. 

GrafTaro, Charles II., Co. E, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. (minor) Nov. 
16, 1861. 

Grover, Almon, Co. E, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; diach. Oct. 7. 1862. 

Gould, Asa S., Co. I, llth Inf ; must. Aug. 15, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. ; died at Mor- 
ris Island, Dec. 19, 1863. 

Green, George S., Co. C, 10th Inf ; must. Sept. 20, 1864 ; disch. June, 1806. 

Gammon, Joseph E., Co. B, 23d Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Gihbs, Alvin, Co. B, 23d Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Glines, Preston M., Co. B, 23d Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1 862 ; died at Edwards' Ferry, 
Feb. 10, 1803. 

Grover, Almon, Co. F, 30th Inf ; veteran ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; disch. June 13, 
1865. 

Grover, Alpheus, Co. F, 30th Iiif ; veteran ; must. Dec. 29, 1803 ; died in rebel 
prison, June 18, 1864. 

Goldthwait, Co. C, 31st Inf ; must. May 23, 1864 ; disch. July 15, 1866. 

Hall, Walter S., Co. H, 12th Inf ; must. March 13, 1865 ; disch. with company, 

Harmon, Ge,.rge A., Co. II, 12tli Inf; must. March 13,1865; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Harmon, William L., Co. H, 12th Inf; must. March 13, 1866; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Hale, David, Co. B, 23d Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. Jan. 6, 1863. 



;-onl. in Co. F, .10th Inf., 



ulisted ; trans, to 



must. March 13, 1865; disch. with com- 
must. Maivh 13, 1865 ; disch. with com- 
mirst. March 13, 1805; disch. with com- 
51 arch 10, 1804 ; disch. Jan. 26, 



Harmon, Daniel, Co. B, 23d Inf ; must. Sept, 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Henry, Benjamin K., Co. B, 9th Inf ; must. Sept. 4; disch. June .30, 1865. 
Holmes, George, Co. H, 5th Inf ; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; pro. to hospital slewanl, 

1863. 
Hanscomb, Cyrus, Co. — , 5th Inf ; must. Juno 24, 1801. 
Hamlin, Algernon 11., Co. E, ]2tli Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; discb. April 11. 

1862; re-unl. in Co. V, 3illh Inf, Dec. 29, 180:! ; disch. Oct. 25, 1804. 
Hamblin, Melvin, Co. I, lltli Inf ; must. Aug. 10, I8G2. 
Hilton, Oram, Co. E, 29th Inf ; must. Nov. 13, 1803; disch. Aug. 22, 186.5. 
Harmon, George W., Co. I, 1 Ith Inf ; must. Aug. I.'), 1862. 
Hibhard, Orriu 1!., llth Inf; must. Aug. 15, 1802. 
Hazen, Nathan W., 4th Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 3, 1804; pro. to Corp.; 

disch. with company. 
Hugliey, Owen, Co. C, 15th Inf ; nniat. Feb. 9, 1805. 
Irish, Nathan F., Co. C, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 5, 1801. 

Ingals, Abel, Co. E, 12th Inf ; must. Dec. 20, 1801 ; wagoner; detached 1864. 
Jackson, Isaac N., Co. G, 5th Inf ; must. June 23, 1861. 
Jordan, James, Co. G, loth Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; 

Dec. 29, 1863; disch. Aug. 28, 1865. 
Johnson, Alvah, Co. 1, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Johnson, Daniel, Co. 1, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Jewett, Oliver D., Co. E, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; l 

Bat. 12tb Maine. 
Jewett, William H., Co. E, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; disch. March 10, 

1863; re-enl. in Co. F, 3(ith Inf, Dec 29,1803; pro. to Corp.; wounded 

April 23, 1804; disch. Aug. 20, 1865. 
Jolmson, Daniel C, Co. 11, 12lh Inf ; must. March 13, 1865; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Johnson, Alva, sergt., Co. H, 12th Inf ; must. M.irch 13, 1805; disch. with com- 
pany, March 10, 1860. 
Jordan, Charles D., Co. II, 12th Inf ; 

pany, March 10, 1800. 
Kimball, Stephen E., Co. H. 12lb Inf 

pany, March 10, 1806. 
Kimball, Robert A., Co. H, 12tli Inf ; I 

pany, March 16, 1860. 
Kimball, Abraham, Co. B, 31st Inf; 

1866. 
Kimball, Frederick A., Co. B, 3l8t Inf ; must March 10, 1864 ; disch. witli com- 
pany. 
Keen, John A., Co. B, 30tb Inf; must. March lu, 1864 ; disch. May 31, 1865. 
Kendall, Robert B., musician, Co. H, 5th Inf ; must. Juno 24, 1801. 
Kendall, Joseph F., C.>. H, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 
Knight, Samuel, seigt., Co. E, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1861. 
Kenniston, Melville, Co. E, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 16, 1861. 
Kendall, Nathan W., Co. E, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1861; pro. to Corp.; 

wounded ; trans, to Bat. 12th Maine. 
Knight, Joseph, 1st Bat. Mounted Art.; must. May 3, 1864. 
Knight, John P., 1st Bat Mounted Art. ; must. May 3, 1804. 
Lawrence, Charles W., Co. K, llth Inf ; must. July 3D, 1803; died Aug. 6, 1804. 
Lamson. Chailes 0., Co. C, 1st Inf; must. May 3, 1861 ; discharged; must, in 

Co. I, llth Inf. Aug. 15, 1862 ; pro. to Corp., sergt., and 2d lieut. ; wounded 

at Drury's Bluff, 1864. 
Libljy, William S., Co. C, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 6, 1861 ; discharged ; must. Aug. 

16, 1802, in Co. I, llth Inf ; pro. to corp. ; wounded Oct. 7, 1864. 
Libby, Elijah, Co. 0, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 5, 1861 ; trans, to Co. H. 
Lane, Solomon, Co. C, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 5, 1861 ; trans, to Co. F. 
Libby, Nathan G., Co. E, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1865; died Jan. 2, 1864. 
Littlefleld, Alexander, Co. E, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1805 ; disch. Oct. 12, 

1806. 
Littlefleld, David M., Co. G, 14tli Inf.; must. Jan. 30, 1862; disch. for disability, 

1864. 
Lord, diaries M., Co. F, 30th Inf ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; died July 11, 1864. 
Lewis, Nelson, Co. F, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; died in rebel prison, Juno 

12, 1864. 
Lewis, Royal B., Co. F, 30th Inf ; must. Dec. 29, 1863; disch. May 17, 1865. 
Lakin, Parker, Co. C, 31st Inf ; nmst. JIarch 11, 1864 ; disch. May 18, 1865. 
Lane, Jonathan R., 4th Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Dec. 3, 1863 ; diach. with 

company. 
Libby, William S., Co. C, 29th Inf ; must. Dec. 17, l.<6:i. 
McKenney, Cliaries H., sergt., Co. F, 10th Inf; must. Aug. 14,1802; disch. 

June 5, 1865. 
Morton, George B., 5th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861. 

Murch, Albert W., Co. I, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. May 14, 1862. 
Merrill, George W., llth Inf; must. October, 1861. 
McGee, James D., Co. E, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; disch. October, ISM ; 

re-enl. Dec. 17, 1866, in Co. C, 29th Inf : disch. Oct. 7, 1866. 
McWain, David B., Corp., Co. G, 14th Inf ; must. Doc. 12, 1801. 
Martin, Johnson M., Co. I, lltli Inf., must. Aug. 1.5, 1862; died at Yorktown, 

Nov. 12, 1802. 
Mead, John, Co. I), 15th Inf; must. .Ian. 31, 1801 ; in-... to Jd lieut., June 10, 

1802. 
March, John D., (Jo. F, 10th Inf ; must. Aug. 14, 1802 ; disch. June 5, 18ii5. 
Mayo, Gardner D., Oo. F, lOlh luf ; must. Aug. 14, 1862. 
McKiniiey, James E., Co. F, 30th luf; must. Dec. 29, 180:); reclaime.1 l.v 

5th Maine. 
March, Joseph N., Co. C, 3l6t luf ; must. May 23, 18M ; disch. July 16, 1805. 



432 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



nuBt, March 13, 1865; (lisch. March 16, 



1st. April 'il, 1864 ; rliscli. 
iilst. April 21, 1864; disch. 



Mulcli, John M., Co. H, 12th Inf.; i 

1866. 
Marlile, Frmlerick, Co. H, ;!lst Inf.; 

pan.v. 
Milliken, Edwin C, Co. 11, 31et Inf. 

pany. 
Milliken, Benjamin F., Oo. H, :il8l Inf.; must. April 21, 1864 ; pro. to Corp.; 

disch. with company. 
Newcoml), Lewis S., Co. B, 2;!d Inf.; must. Sept. 20. 1862. 
Osborne, Thomas, Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. July W, 186:i, 

with company. 
Pendoxter, George U., Oo. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 2'J, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany, 
rcndcxter, Alljion W., Co. I, 11th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862; pro. to Corp.; 
wounded Aug. 16, 1S64. 

Poor, Russell S., Co.E,2d Inf.; must. May 28,1861 ; re-enl. in Ist Bat. Mounted 

Art. 
Pluramer, Alphsus, Co. D, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Phelps, Alvah B., Co. E, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; killed Oct. 19, 18C4. 
Powers, William U., Co. K, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 28, 1S61. 
Pike, Charles E, 6th Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Doc. 4, 1801 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Poor, Lorenzo D., Corp., Co. H, 12th Inf.; must. March 13,1804; disch. with 
company. 

Pratt, Albert H., Co. M, Slst Inf ; must. Oct. IS, 1864; ditch. June 22, 1865. 

Peude.\ter, Nathan H., Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20,1864; disch. June 3(1, 
1865. 

Phelps, Augustus L., Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. Feb. 9, 1865, 
by furnishing a substitute. 

Quincy, Nathaniel H., Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. June 30, 
1865. 

Quincy, William S., Co. C, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. Juoe 30, 1865. 

Quincy, Nathaniel H., Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Robinson, Stephen, Co. F, 3(lth Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863; veteran; disch. with 
company. 

Rounds, Edward G., Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1863 ; disch. with company. 

Robinson, Stephen, Co. G, 5tli Inf. ; must. June 23, 1801. 

Rand, Elislia P., 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; died at Philadelphia, Pa., 
March, 1862. 

Rand, John, 5tli Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. June 17, 1862. 

Eiley, Ephraim H., Co. E, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; pro. to Corp. 

Ridlon, Almon H., Co. F,30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1803; died Nov 11, 1804. 

Riley, Reuben M., Co. C, 29th Inf; must. Jan. 1, 1864 ; pro. to 1st sergt. 

Riley, Charles K., Co. C, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 5, 1864; disch. June 16, 1865. 

Ridlon,Tliomas,Co. H, Slst Inf. ; must. April 21, 1864; prisoner in 1864 ; disch. 
June 16, 1865. 

Shaw, John, Co. G, 12th Inf.; must. March 10, 1864; trans, to Bat. 12th Maine. 

Sawyer, James S., Co. F, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; died in rebel prison, 
Aug. 8, 1864. 

Stevens, Ransom S., Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863; died of wounds, 
April 24, 1864. 

Stevens, John, Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863; died Aug. 27, 1864. 

Simpson, Albion L., Co. E, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; trans, to Bat. 12tli 
Maine. 

Scott, Silas, Co. I, 5th Inf. ; must Dec. 9, 1861 ; disch. March 7, 1802. 

Scribncr, Francis W., Co. 1, 11th Inf.; must. Aug. 15, 1862. 

Spiller, George H., Co. I, llth Inf. ; must. Aug. 15, 1862 ; killed July 23, 1864. 

Stone, Marshall B., Co. I, llth Inf. ; must. Aug. 15, 1802 ; pro. to corp. ; wounded 
May 17, 1804. 

Small, Edgar W., Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Simpson, Benjamin, Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Stevens, Ransom S., Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1S62 ; disch. with company. 

Stevens, Rufus A., Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Stover, Albion K. P., 1st Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Jan. 4, 1804 ; taken pris- 
oner in 1864. 

Stover, Samson H., Ist Bat, Mounted Art.; must. March 3, 1864; disch. with 
company. 

Stone, Melville C, 1st Bat. Slounted Art.; mnst. Jan. 4, 1864; discb. with 
company. 

Sanborn, William H., Co. B, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1801. 

Sanborn, William H,, Co. E, lOlh Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Thorn, John 0., Co. I, loth Inf.; mnst. Oct. 4, 1861; taken prisoner at Cedar 
Mountain; exchanged; re-enl. in Co. V, 30th Maine, Dec. 29, 1863; 
wounded April 13, 1864 ; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 

Thorne, William II., Co. F, 17th Inf.; mnst. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. June 4, 1865. 

Thorn, Edwin, Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec 29,1863; taken prisoner in 1864; 
exchanged. 

Trumble, Eliaa H., Co. C, 3l8t luf. ; mnst. March 23, 1864; ilisch. for wounds, 
Jan 11, 1805. 

Wiley, John N., Co. 0, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 

Webb, Osgood B„ regimental band, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4. 1861 ; disch. Sep- 
tember, 1802. 

Webb, Edward C, regimental bund, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1801 ; disch. Sep- 
tember, 1862. 

Webb, John T., regimental band, mth Inf.; must. Oct. 6, 1861; disch. Sep- 
tember, 1862. 



Wiley, John N., wagoner, Co. C, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1861. 

Weymouth, Samuel, Co. 0, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 6, 1861. 

Weymouth, George, Co. C, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 5, 1801. 

Winn, Francis, Co. I, llth Inf. ; must. Aug. 15, 1802; wounded June 2, 1864; 

detached in Maine. 
Williams, John, Co. 0, 16th Inf.; mnst. Nov. 2, 1804. 
Winn, John A,, Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company; 

re-enl. in Co. F, 30th Inf.; pro. to Corp.; disch. .\ug. 20, 1866. 
Warren, Calvin, Ist Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Jan. 4, 1804 ; disch. May 20, 1804. 
Warren, George A., musician, 1st Bat. Mounted Art.; nmst. Jan. 4, 1804; disch. 

with company. 
Webb, Edward S., Co. I, .30th Inf.; must. Dec. 18, 1863; disch. with company. 
Webb, Isaiah S., Co. I, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 19, 1863; disch. with company. 
Webb, John T., Co. I, .iOth Inf. ; must. Dec. 19, 1863 ; disch. with company. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 
Brown, Samuel H., U.S. Navy . 
Carter, Austin, 14th Mass. Inf. 

Cloudnian, John, Mass. Regt. 

Davis, Alonzo, Mass. Regt. 

Richardson, Albion P., N. H. Regt. 

Gibbs, John S., U. S. Army. 
Stone, Melville G., 9th Mass. Inf. 



BRUNSWICK. 

Alexander, Lorenzo, Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861. 

Alexander, Asa J., Co. B, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864. 

Allen, William H., Co. K, 6th Inf. ; must. July 15, 1801. 

Allen, Henry, 4th Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 21, 1861. 

Alexander, William H., 4th Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 21, 1861. 

Allen, William, Co. F, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1801 ; died at Pensacola, Fla., 

March 12, 1863. 
Allen, Charles, Co. G, 151h Inf. ; must. Jan. 21, 1862. 
Allen, Charles, Co. K, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; pro. to Corp., to sergt., 

and 1st sergt. ; disch. 1864. 
Allen, Moses, Jr., Oo. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 29, 1862 ; died March 13, 1863. 
Adams, Alphonzo A., Co. D, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Alexander, Martin, Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Andrews, John, Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Bi-rry, Charles S., Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Bishop, Isaac M., Jr., Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Bickford, George II., trans, to Inviilid Corps, 1863. 
Bickford, John F., Co. K, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; died at Relay House, 

Md., Nov. 1, 1862. 
Bailey, James H., col-p., Co. F, I5th Inf.; must. Deo. 12, 1861. 
Bailey, Stephen J., Co. F, 15th Inf. ; must. Doc. 12, 1861 ; pro. to Corp.; taken 

prisoner, April 23,1864. 
Bennett, George E., Co. B, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; disch. June 31, 1804. 
Bennett, James H., Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 22, 1864. 
Berry, Emery, Co. B, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 22, 1864. 
Blasden, Andrew M., Co. B, 9th Inf. ; mnst. Sept. 22, 1861 ; disch. April 23, 1862. 
Blaisdell, James, corp., Co. D, 6th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. 1864. 
Bailey, James H., Co. E, 6th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Oct. 3, 1801. 
Barnes, William, Co. K, Ist Cav.; mnst. Nov. 2, 1861. 
Blaisdell, Amos, sergt., Co. H, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 12, 1864 ; veteran ; trans, to 

Co. G. 
Brown, William A., musician, Co. D, 7th Inf. ; mnst. Aug. 22, 1801. 
Brown, Franklin, Co. I, 8th Inf. ; must. Sept 7, 1861 ; taken on habeas corpus, 

Sept. 9, 1861. 
Brown, William A., musician, Ist Vet. Inf. ; must. Dec. 14, 1863; disch. Aug. 7, 

1864. 
Benton, Joseph, Ist Vet. Inf.; must. Jan. 14, 1865; dropped from rolls. 
Cushman, George W., Co. K, 19tli Inf. ; must. Aug. 25,1862. 
Crockett, Richard, 1st sergt., Co. K, 19lh Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; pro. to 2d 

licut. and 1st lieut.. May 31, 1863. 
Corbett, James R., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must Jan. 21, 1862; re-enl. Jan. 25, 1864. 
Coffin, Thomas F., Co. F, 15th Inf, ; must Jan. 12, 1862; re-enl. Jan. 26, 1864. 
Coffin, Simeon C, Co. F, 15th Inf.; must. Jan. 22, 1862; pro. to Corp.; disch. 

Feb. 5, 1862. 
Courson, Reuben C, Co. B, 9tb Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864 ; 

pro. to sergt. 
Card, Lewis H., Co. B, 3d Inf.; must. June 4, 1861. 
Cram, Nelson P., sergt., Co. K, llth Inf.; must. Nov. 2, 1861. 
Corbett, Alfred, corp., Co. F, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 26, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. ; re.enl. 

January, 1864. 
Corbett, Robert B., Co. F, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 17, 1861 ; re-«nl. January, 

1864 ; disch. for disability. 
Coombs, Benjamin F., Co. F, 15lh Inf.; must. Deo. 19, 1861,dnimmer; died at 

Brazos, Texas, Nov. 16, 1863. 
iv.burn, Enoch, Co. F, Ifith Inf.; must Dec. 12, 1861 ; pro. to corp, 1863; re- 

eul. January, 1864. 
Courson, John L., Co. F, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1801 ; pro. to. corp. ; died at 

Braz.is, Texas, Doc. 11, 1863. 
Cooper, Calvin, Co. F, 16th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12 1861 ; disch. for disability, 1864. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



433 



Collin, John, Co. F, 15th Inf. ; mnst. Dec.l2, 18C1. 

Cliirk, George II., Co. K, 7th Inf.; nnist. Aug. 21, 1801. 

Collin, lleliry B., Co. B, 9tU Inf.; muat. Sept.23, 18GI ; re-onl. Jan. 1, 1864; pro. 

to Corp. 
Colby, Cornelius, Co. B, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1861. 
Coombs, David E., coi'p., Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 18C1 ; pro. to scrgt. and 

1st sergt., 18C3; discli. Sept. 21, 18C4. 
Corbett, George L., rausieian, Co. B, Otb Inf.; mnst. Sept. 22, ISlil ; re-enl. Jau. 

1, 1864. 
C.iMiett, Alfied L., Co. D, 5lh Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 , disch. Oct. .■!, 1861. 
(iilliy, John P., Co. D, 6th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; disch. with company. 
Collin, Simeon, Co. D, 5lh Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 8, ISCl. 
( "llin, James W., Co. D, 5th Inf. ; must. Juue 24, 1861. 
(loswell, James, Co. D, .Stii Inf. ; must. Juno 24, 1861. 
I lark, Clinton G., Co. F, 5th Inf. ; must. Juno 24, 1801. 
Cobb, Joseph, Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; died Jan. 2U, 1863. 
Colby, Harrison, Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Coombs, Joseph E., Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Colby, Amos H., Co. H, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864 ; died at Morganzia, La., 

June 24, 1804. 
Cooper, Calvin, Co. H, 30lh Inf ; must. Jan. 6, 1864 ; disch. June 10, 1864. 
Colby, Cornelius, Co. F, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 2U, 1864. 
Cussell, Robert, Co. D, 2d Sharpshooters; must. Feb. 22, 1804; trans, to ITth 

Maine Regt. 
Doughty, Isaac, Co. D, 5tL luf.; must. June 24, 1801 ; killed in battle, May 10, 

1864. 
Dunlap, Charles L., Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 
Dunning, Orlando, Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. Juno 24,1801; re-onl. 1803; disch. 

with company. 
Donney, Joseph, Co. B, 9lh Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1801; taken prisoner, July 11, 



Doughty, Oliver, Corp., Co. B, 9th Inf.; 

1804. 
Donghtey, Harvey M., Co. B, 9th Inf; 

sergt. 



nust. Sept. 22, 1861; disch. Juue 3, 
ust. Sept. 22, 1801; re-enl. ; pro. to 
inst. Sept. 22, 1801; re-eul.; taken 



Doughtey, George E., Co. B, 9th Inf 

prisoner, July 30, 1804. 
Dunlap, Martin, Co. B, 7tli Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1801. 
Dunning, Robert A., Co. K, 7tli Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861. 
Dunning, Horace, Co. D, 7lh Inf ; mnst. Aug. 22, 1861. 
Dyer, George M., Co. K, 0th Int.; must. July 15,1801; disch. with company, 

Aug. 15, 1864. 
Dunning, Henry P., sergt., Co. F, 15th Inf; must. Dec. 12, 1801 ; reduced by 

request to be acting hospiUil steward; discli. J^n. 19, 1865. 
Dunning, Edward H., Corp., Co. K, 13tli Inf. ; must. Deo. 10, 1861. 
Dnrgin, James T, Co. F, 15th Inf.; must. Feb. 4, 1862; re-enlisted; disch. for 

disability. 
Dennison, Benjamin L., sergt , Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. 

April 21, 1803. 
Dana, Victor, Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Dennison, John, Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Drummond, Charles W., Co. D, 25lh Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1362. 
Dunning, Alfred J., Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
DoUey, George M., (!o. E. :ii)th Inf; must. Dec. 12, 1863; died April 30, 1864. 
Dunning, IJoraco E., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1803. 
Dana, Victor, Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1863. 
Doughty, John H., Co. H, 3ath Inf. ; must. Jan. 0, 1804; trans to Co. G. 
DeCoven, Joseph S., Co. D, 2d Regt. Sharpshooters; must. Feb. 22, 1804 ; trans. 

to 17th Maine Regt. 
Eaton, Alfred I., Co. U, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 0, 1864; prisoner, April 20; trans. 

to C... D. 
Eaton, Alfred, Co. D, 3lHh Inf; must. Jan. 0,1804; taken prisoner April 9, 1804 ; 

exchanged. 
Eastbrook, George S , Co. D, 20tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Eaton, Alonzo J., Co. G, 15th Inf ; must. Jan. 14, 1862 ; disch. Jan. 10, 1S05. 
Easterhrook, George S., Co. I, 8th Inf. ; must. Oct. 10, 1803 ; wounded May 20, 

1804. 
Eaton, Edward B., Co. B, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1801. 
Eaton, George h., Co. D, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 22, 1861 ; disch. Ai>ril 10, 1804 ; 

re-enl. in 29th Veterans. 
Eaton, Alfred J., Co. F, 5th Inf.; mnst. June 24, 1804. 
French, John H., Corp., Co. D, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1804. 
Few, Robert, Co. D, 5th Inf; mnst. June 24, 1861; pro. to Corp., Sept. 1 ; disch. 

with company. 
Fuller, Joseph, Co. F, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to Corp., Nov. 8, 1801. 
Fuller, Alfred, Co. G, OUi Inf. ; must. July 15, 1801. 
Field, Charles W., Co. C,91h Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861. 
Foy, Edwin, Co. B, 9th Art.; must. Sept. 22, 1801 ; disch. April 11,1802. 
Foy, Edwin, Co. K, 20th Inf; must. Aug. 29, 1802; pro. to Corp. 
Freeman, William E , Co. B, 9lh Inf. ; must. Sept. 22, 1801 ; disch. Sept. 17, 1864. 
Fuller, David, Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; re-enl.; pro. to corp. 
Fuller, Alonzo M., Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. Sept. 16, 1802; pro. to Corp.; disch. 

April 10, 1864. 
Fuller, Joseph D., Corp., Co. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 29, 1862 ; pro. to sergt. and 

to 2d lieut. 
Fuller. Alfred A., Co. E, 1st Vet. Inf. ; must. Doc. 23, 1803; disch. for disability, 

Jan. 20, 1804. 

55 



Gerrish, Edward F., Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Goud, Charles, Co. E, 30th Inf. ; must. Doc. 12, 1803. 

Goldsmith, Charles B., veteran, :)Oth Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 186.3. 

Grant, Marshall, Co. II, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. C, 1864; trans, to Co. G. 

Graves, AlpheuH M., must. Aug. 25, 1862. 

Getchell, John E., Co. F, 15lh Inf. ; must. Dec. 31, 1861 ; trans, from Co. I ; pro. 

to Corp.; left sick at Fortress Monroe when comi)any was discharged. 
Getchell, E. T., Co. K, 1st Cav. ; mnst. Nov. 2, 1801. 
Getchell, Josiali, Co. K, 1st C«v.; must. Nov. 2, 1861. 

Griffln, Charles II., 4lh Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 21, 1801 ; disch. Dec. 21, 18G4. 
Getchell, Joshua, Corp., Co. F, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1861. 
Getchell, Roswcll, Co. F, 15th Inf; must. Dec. 12, 1801 ; die.l at Ship Island, 

May 21,1862. 
Griffln, Timothy, Co. F, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1801. 
Growse, George Thomas, wagoner, C .. F, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 18C1 ; discli. 

Jan. 19, 1805. 
Getchell, Jesse H., musici.m, Co. B, 91h Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1801; disch. Feb. 

8, 1862. 
Goldsmith, Charles B., Co. D, 6th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861. 
Hutchinson, Albion D., sergt., Co. D, 5th Inf. ; must. Juno 24, 1801. 
n.irmon, George L., musician, Co. D,5th Inf; must. June 24, 1803; discli. June 

27, 1863. 
Hodsdon, Daniel B., Co. D, 5th Inf ; must. June 24, 1801 ; pro. to Corp., Juno 23. 
Hammond, George L., musician, 5tli Inf. 
Hoole, Thomas G., Co. I, Sth Inf. ; must. Sept. 7, 1861. 
Hodsdon, William B.,Co. D, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 22, 1861. 
Hammond, Henry W., Co. F, 16th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1801 ; pro. to Corp. ; pro. 

to sergt. ; disch. Jan. 19, 1805. 
Harmon, Albert, Co. K, 15th Inf. ; mu»t. Dec. 12, 1801 ; disch. for disability ; died 

at home. 
Hyde, Robert, Co. B, 3d Inf. ; must. October, 1801 ; wounded at Fair Oaks ; discb. 

Feb. 15, 1803. 
Howes, J. F., Co. K, 1st Cav. ; must. Nriv. 2, 1861 . 
Hammond, David N., Co. F, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 31, 1801 ; trans, from Co. I; 

disch. July 19, 1805. 
Harmon, Joseph, Co. F, 151h Inf. ; must. Dec. 31, 1861 ; trans, from Co. 1 ; rc-onl. 

Jan. 2,5, 1804; pro. to Corp. 
Ilinkinson, Algernon W., coi-p., Co. K, 2lllh Inf; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. 

March 13, 1803. 
Hariling, Charles W., Co. D, 25lh Inf.; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Harmon, George A., Co. D, 251h Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Harmon, John, Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Haskell, George W., Co. D, 2.ith Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
H.iskell, George F., Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Hill, Chailes H., Co. D, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
House, Lorenzo D, Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Hunt, Benjamin S , Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Hersey, Hiram D., Co. F, 29th Inf.; never mustered. 
Hodsdon, Daniel R., Corp., Co. F, 29th Inf. ; mnst. Dec. 12, 1803 ; trans, to Navy 

May 1,1864. 
Harmon, George A., Co. F, 29th Inf; must, Dec. 12, 1863. 
Harmon, John, Co. F, 29th Inf. ; must. Doc. 12, 1863. 
Harmon, William C, Co. F, 29tli Inf.; must. Doc. 12, 1863. 
HaskelL George W., Co. F, 20th Inf. ; mnsT. Dec. 12, 186". 
Johnson, Charles R , Co. K, 1st Cav. ; must. Nov, 2, 1861. 
Joyce, Lawrence S.capt., Co. F, ISIh Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1861. 
Johnson, Samuel L., Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 
Keay, John H., Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. Juno 24, 1861. 
Lunt, William H., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1801. 
Lyons, John E. M., Corp., Co. F, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; disch. Ang. 17, 

1862; died at Now York. 
Lee, Ch.irles, Co. F, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1801 ; disch. July 21, 1802. 
Lake, Osborne, Co. F, I5th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1801. 
Lemont, Adam, Co. K, 3d Inf. ; must. June 4, 1801. 
Luber, John, Co. F, I5th Inf.; must. Jan. 1, 1802; disch. Jan. 19, 1805. 
Lewis, James IF., Co. K, 19lh Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1862; killed at Gettysburg. 
Lil>by, A. J., Co. D, 25th Inf ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Lunt, William H., Co. D, 25th Inf.; mnst. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Lubee, Levi, Co. H, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864; trans, to Co. G. 
Linscott, Jas. E., Co. H, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. G, 1804 ; died June 22, 1864. 
Lunt, Lewis H., sergt., Co. D, Sth Inf.; must June 24, 1.801. 
Lubee, William, Co. D, Sth Inf.; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; disch. with company. 
McAllister, William B., Corp., Co. B, Sth Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 
Moody, William C, Corp., Co. D, Sth Inf.; must. June 24, 1804. 
McClay, Thomas, Co. D, Sth Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 
Manning, Stephen H., q.in. selgl., Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 
Miller. Samuel, Co. D, Sth Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 1, 1861. 
Merrill, James W., Co. K, 1st Cav. ; mnst. Nov. 2, 1861. 
Merrill, Albert 0., Co. K, 1st Cav. ; must. Nov. 2, 1801. 

McDonald, Miclmol, must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; died at New Orleans, Oct. 17, IS&i. 
Moouy, Nicholas, C^. C, 31st Inf.; must. March 23, 1804; disch. May 19, 1865. 
Mitchell, Chas. R., Co. F, 15th Inf. ; must. Feb. 24, 1862 ; disch. Sept. 21, 1864. 
Moody, James, (i). B, 7th Int.; must. Aug. 21, 1801. 
Moody, Alonzo, Co. B, Sth Inf.; must. Oct. 8, 1861. 

Malidy, Jas., Co. K, ISlh Inf. ; must. Dec. 17, 1861 ; reK.nl. Jan. 25, 1864. 
Mugee, Joseph, Co F, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1861. 
Miller, Samuel, Co. F, IStli Inf; must. Dec. 12, 1861. 



434 



HISTURY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Milcholl, Ohailcs B., Cu. F, 15th Inf. ; must. Doc. 12, 1801 ; disch. Sept. 21, 18G4. 

McDonough, Miclim-I, Oo. F, ISth Inf.; miwt. Doc. 12, 1801. 

Moore, Goo. W., 4tli Mouiiloil Art.; iniist. Dec. 21, 1801. 

Morse, John, Co. B, 1st Ciiv.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; detached 1804; disch. Dec. 

20, 1804. 
McLiiin, Tliouins B., Co. K, 20lh Inf. ; must. Aug. 2D, 1862 ; pro. to corp. 
Miller, Willinm, Co. D, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Nudil, Daniel II., wagoner, Co. D, 20lh Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Noyes, Churlea J., sergt., Oo. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Neail, Enoch F., Co. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 29,1802; pro. to Corp. and sergt.; 

disch. 1804. 
Noyos, Charles F., Corp., Co. A, lltli Inf ; must. Nov. 7, ISOl. 
Noyes, Frank, Co. A, Uth Inf.; must. Nov. 7, 1801. 
Owen, Jires W., Jr., sergt., Co. 1), ,^tli Inf; must. June 21, ISGl ; disch. Aug. 

20, 18C1. 
Owen, Jeremiah, Jr., 4lli Mounted Art. ; must. Dec. 21, 1801. 
Priudle, William, Co. F, loth luf ; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 
Pollard, Joseph 11., Co. I, Sth Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861. 
I'ottor, William $., Co. B, 9tli Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 18G1 ; pro. to Corp.; killed 

July 23, 1804. 
Proctor, Warren, Co. K, 19th Inf.; must. Aug 25,1862; wounded at Gettys- 
burg. 
Perkins, Charles J., Corp., Co. D, 26lh Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1803; pro. to sergt. 
Parker, Gustavus, Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1863. 
Pollard, William P., Co. D, 25th In/: ; must. Sept. 29, 1863. 
Prince, Henry K.,Co. D,25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1803. 
Pierce, Elias D., Corp., Co. D, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1863. 
Pollard, William P., Co. E, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 12, 1863 ; died July 2, 1804. 
Pollard, Nathaniel, Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1863; wounded April 9, 

1804; died a prisoner in April. 
Pollard, Elisha, Co. E,30th Inf. 

Pierce, Elias D., veleran, Co. E, 301h Inf.; pro. to com. sergt. 
Richards, Joseph G., Corp., Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Kolierts, Charles C, mnsician, Co. B, 7lh Inf ; must. Aug. 21, 1861. 
Rackliffe, Nathaniel, Co. I), Sth Inf ; must. June 24, 1801. 
Itobiuson, John A., Co. II, 30th Inf ; must. Jan. 6, 1804; killed in action, April 

23, 1804. 
Stanwood, Franklin, Co. D, 2d Sharpshooters; must. Feb. 24,1804; missing in 

battle. May C, 1804. 
Stanwood, Daviil A., Co. D, 26tli Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Swell, Ebeu, Co. D, 25th Inf j must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. Dec. 10, 1802. 
Swett, Samuel, Co. D, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Stone, George E., Co. D, 25tli luf; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Stone, George E., sergt., Co. E, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1803 ; wounded April 

23, 1801 ; trans, to Vet. Kes. Corps. 
Sawyer, George A., Corp., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1803 ; died Dec. 26, 

1864. 
Sawyer, James, Co E, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 29, 1863; died March 24, 1804. 
Sawyer, James S., Co. E, 30th Inf ; nmst. Dec. 29, 1803 ; died May 18, 1804. 
Stroul, Joseph W., Co. H, 3(llli Inf ; must. Jan. 0, 1804 : trans, to Co. A. 
Smith, Henry S. B., Co. C, 32d Inf ; must. March 23, 1864 ; pro. to asst. surgeon. 

May 0, 1864. 
Strout, Charles W., Co. D, 5th Inf; must. June 24,1861; trans, to Invalid 

Corps, September, 1862. 
Stone, Charles E., Co. D, 5tli Inf; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. Oct. 3, 1801. 
Smith, Jeffeison, Co. D, 5th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861; trans, to Invalid Corps, 

Feb. 16, 1864. 
Stimpson, Warren, Co. I, 81h Inf; must. Sept. 7, 1861 ; disch. 1801. 
Slinchfleld, Charles E., Co. I, 8th Inf; must. Sept. 7, 1861. 
Small, Lemuel C, corp., Co. B, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. 
Smith, Melville, Co. K, 19th Inf ; must. Aug. 25, 1802 ; disch. Juno 0, 1865. 
Stilkcy, Andrew J., Co. A, 20th Inf; must. Feb. 10, 1806; disch. July, 1865. 
Stiinson, William U., sergt , Co. D, 26th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Sawyer, George A., sergt, Co. D, 251h Inf; nmst. Sep'. 29, 1862. 
Sawyer, William H., Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Simpson, William II., Co, D,25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Snow, Melvin S., Co. D, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Snow, Abi/.er F., musician, Co. D, 25tli Inf, must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Shepherd, Marceilus N., Co. I), 3d Inf. ; must. Ang.l8, 186:1 ; trans, to I7lh Inf, 

1804. 
Smith, James, 4th Mounted Art. ; must. Dec. 21, 1801. 
Smith, Jeremioli, Co. F, 16th luf ; must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; disch. for disability; 

died at New Orleans, Feb. 19, 1S04. 
Stroul, Ilobert P., Co. F, 15tli Inf ; must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; disch. July 21, 1802. 
Tiir], John, Co. F, 15th Int.; must. Doc. 12, 1861; died at Brazos Island, 

Texas, Nov. 1, 1803. 
ThomiKon, Simon B., Co. F, 15lh Inf ; niu»t. Dec. 17, ISCl. 
Thayer, Phinney M., Co. B, 9lh Inf; must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; sent to Fort Puliuiki, 

1803. 
Thompson, Albert V., 4tli Mounted Art. ; must. Dec. 21, 1801. 
Toothaker, Levi, Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; pro. to corp. ; detached, 

1863. 
Toothaker, Se h, Co. F, l.ilh Inf ; must. Jan. 1, 1862; re-enlisted. 
Toothaker, George A , Cu. K, 2uth Inf; mu«t. Aug. 29, 1862. 
Toolluiker. William II., Co. D, 25lh Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Thorn, John F., Co. K, 20tli Inf ; must. Aug 29, 1862 ; disch. June 15, 1S06. 
Town, A. BI, Co. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 20, 1802; died in prison at Richmond. 



Thomas, Benjamin C, Co. H, 31st Inf.; must. April 21, 1804 ; disch. July 31, 

1805. 
Thomas, William II., Co. II, .31st Inf ; must. April 21, 1804. 
Vickery, Albert, Co. D, 6lh Inf; must. June 24, 1801 ; di.-ch. with company. 
Vickery, Charles B., Co. n,5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. with comp;iny. 
Whitney, Durham, Co. D, 5lh luf; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to Corp.; disch. 

July 27, 1863. 
Willey, Samuel, 6tli luf 

Williston, George, Jr., C). F, Isl Cav. ; must. Oc t. 19, 1861. 
Ward, Geo. C, Co. F, 15lh Inl. ; must. Jan. 5, 1862 ; died in Louisiana, March 

21, 1864. 
Ward, Albion, Co. F, 15lh Inf; must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; disch. Jan. 19, 1805. 
Ward, Joel, Co. F, 15lh Inf ; must. Dec. 12, 1801 ; disch. Jan. 19, 1865. 
Wci.tworlli, Alfred, Co. K, 7lh Inf; must. Aug. 21, 1801. 
Welch, Milton W., Co. B, 9ih luf; nmst. Sept. 22, 1801 ; killed May 18, 1804. 
Whitney, William II., Co. K, 20lh Inf ; must. Aug. 29,1862; wounded Sept. 30, 

1804; disch. June 7, 1865. 
Wentworlh, Franklin, Co. D, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 20, 1862. 
Wiuslow, Stephen, Co. D, 25th luf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

White, David C, Co.E, 1st U. Art.; must. Aug. 27,1863, from 19th Maine Regt. 
Williston, George, Jr., 7lh Bat.Tlouuted Art. ; must. Dec. 30, 1863 ; disch. with 

company, June 1,1866. 
York, Charles D., Co. B, 91h Inf; must. Sept. 22, 1801. 
York, Abizer, Co. F, 15lh Inf ; must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 1, 1804. 
York, Charles, L., Co. 1), 25th Inf; must. Sept. 20, 1H02. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Craig, Winchester D., llth Mass. Inf. 
Cobb, Dexter, 24th Mass. Inf 
Craig, Joseph, 5lh N. H. Kegt. 

Field, Albert C, Co. B, N. Y. Mounted Killeuu'u. 

Field, George P., U. S. Engineers. 
Haskell, Isaac L., 22d Mass. Inf 
Knowlllon, C, 22d Mass. Inf. 
Scott, Edwin, Mass. Kegt. 



BOWDOIN COLLEGE ROLL OF HONOR. 

Luther V. Bell, cKias 1823, brigade surgeon and medical director in Gen. 
Hooker's division ; died at Bndd's Ferry, February, 1802. 

Franklin Pierce, Hillsborough, N. H., class 1824; member of Congress, 1833; 
U. S. senator, 1837; attorney-generiil of the United States, 1845; general 
in the Mexican war; President of the Hnitid States, 1852-56. 

Sauford A. Kingsbury, class 1828, chaplain of an Illinois regiment. 

James Means, class 1833, superintendent of contrabands under Gen. Foster; 
died of typhoid fever while making provision for his charge. 

William Flye, class 1835, prof of mathematics, U. S.Navy, 1838-51 ; lieut., com- 
manding the**R. B. Forbes;'* trjins. to the " Monitor" after her battle 
with the "Merrimac;" lieut., commanding the '* Underwriter," "Ken- 
sington," "Benton" (iron-clad), and 5lh Div. Mississippi Squadron ; com- 
matider of the " Lexington" in 1866; honorably discharged, with thanks 
of the department. 

Luke Hill, class 1835, asst. Burg. ; died from disease contracted in the army. 

Alonzo Garcelon, class 1836, M.D., hosp. and div. surg. ; served three years and 
six months. 

Jonathan Donnell, class 1836, surg., 16th Maine Regt. 

J. W.T. Gardiner, class 18:16; West Point; maj. 2d U. S. Dragoons; acting asst 
provost-marshal of Maine; brevet col., U. S. A. 

Thomas F. Perloy, Bridgton, class 1837, med. inspector-general, U. S. A. 

Gideon S. Palmer, class 1838, brigade surg. ; div. med. director; med. director, 
hospital, Annapolis. 

Alfred Fletcher, class 1839, capt. 24th Maine Regt. 

Frederick Robie, Gorlnim, class 1841; M.D., Med. College, Phila.; served 
during the war as paymaster; brevet lieut.-col. 

Chas. M. lilake, class 1842, capt, U. S. Col. Troops; hosp. and regimental chap- 
lain. 

Kdmnnd A. CImdwick, class 1842, acting assist paymaster, U. S. Navy. 

W.lliam L. Hyde, class 1842, cai.t, 112lh N. Y. VoN. 

J. W. Page, class 1842, M.D., Univereity of JIaryliiml, 1848; sjiniUry iuspeclor 
during (ho war. 

.\bernelhy Grover, class 1843, chaplain and nniJ..13th Maine Regt.; provost- 
marshal at Donaldsville. 

William II. Farnhum, class 1844, private, 3d Oilifomia Inf ; three years. 

David R. Hastings, class 1844, miO., 12lh Maine Regt.; resigned. 

George Freeman Noyes, class 1844, capt on staff of Gen. Doubleday; pro. to 
Col. ; author of " The Bivouac and the liattlc-field," 1864. 

William Wirt Virgin, class 1844, lawyer, Portland; col, 23d Maine Regt, for 



ntlis' 



chaplain, 22d Ma 



Lewis L. Rocoftl, class 1845, Univorsalist clergyn 

setts Regt, May to October, 1864. 
O'Niel W. Ilobinson, class 1845, lawyer. Bethel ; capt, 4th Maine Battery ; chief 

of Art, 3d Corps; pro. to maj.; died July, 1864. 
William B. Snell, class 1845, lawyer, Fairfleld ; capt, I3th Maine Regt; honors 

ably disch. Novemlper, 1864. 
Frederic A. Ucau, class 1846, Ist California Cav.; lienl. in .301h Maine Regt; 

must, out August, 1865. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



435 



Frederic D. S"«-alI, class 1840, lawyer, Bath; aist. nilj..gra., 1801; cul., 19th 
Maine Regt., July, 1S6'2; disch. for disability, Foliriiary, 1802; mnj.. Vet. 
Ues. Corps., June, 1863; col., 3d Regt.; brevet brig.-gen., July, 1805; in- 
spector under Gen. Howard, Freedmau's Bureau. 
Tliomas H. Talbot, cla«s 1S40, lawyer, Portland; lieut.-col., 18th Maine Kegt. 
Charles R P. Dunlaps, cla.ss 1846, Brunswick; acting asst. surg., U. S. Vols. 
Charles B. Merrill, class 1847, lawyer, Portland; lieut.-col , litli Maine Regt.; 

honorably disch. October, 1804. 
Isaac W. Case, class 1848, capt., Co H, 22d Maine Regt.; served under Gen. 

Banks at Port Hudson. 
Geo. W. Dyer, class of 1848 (did not finish his course), payina-ster, rank of ninj. 
Andrew J. Fitch, class 1848, Portland; M.D., 1851 ; surg., 70th N. Y. Vols. 
William F. Goodwin, class 1848, studied law and graduated LL.B., Harvard, 
1854; 1st Iteut., 16th Inf., U. S. A., June, 1801; judge-advocate; acting 
adj. of the regt.; wounded at Chickaniauga; brevetted cai)t. and placed 
on the list of retired officers, January, 1805. 
Thomas H. Marshall, class 1848, maj., 4th Maino Regt.; pro. to lient.-col. and 

then to col. of the 7th Maine Regt. 
Zabiel Boylstou Adams, class 1849, surg., 32d Massachusetts Itegt., May, 1862 ; 
1st lieut., November, 18G:i; capt,, December, 1803, 30th Massachusetts 
Regt.; pro. to maj. June 14, 1863. 
Augustus I. Burbank, class 1849, cai)t., 1st Maino Cav. ; resigned after a few 

mouths. 
William Hobson, class 1849, Standish; maj. and lieut.-cul., 17th Maine Hegt. 
Robert R. Thompson, class 1849, 1st lieut., 13th New aarapshire Regt.; killed 

in action at Fort Hariison, Va., Sept. 19, 1»64. 
Freeland S. Hidmes, cliiss 1850, surg., 6th Maine Regt.; died of diphtheiia, 

June, 1803. 
Oliver O. Howard, class 1850, graduated Wo»t Point, 1854; lieut. of ordnance; 
wounded at Fair Oaks, losing bis right arm ; pro. to maj.-gen. Novenilier, 
1802; appointeil chief of the Freedmau's Bureau at the close of the war. 
John S. Sewell, class 1850, ch.iplain in 8lh Mis5. Vols. 

Daniel L. Eattm, class 1851, lawyer, Portbind; paymaster on Gen. Heintzel- 
maii's staff, rank of m ij., also at Washington: brevetted lieut.-col. 
U. S. Army. 
Augustus C. Hamlin, class 1851, M.D., Harvard, 1855; assist.-surg , 2d Regt.; 
brig, and div. surg. and medical inspector, rank of lieut.-col. ; brevetted 
col. ; author of " Martyria," a work on Andersonvillo prison. 
Hiram Hayes, class 1851, chief q.m. 4tli Corps, rank of lieut.-col. 
William H. Owen, class 1861 ; served as 1st lieut., :id Maine ; assist, q.m., capt., 

lieut.-col., and col.; chief q.m. 5th Army Corps. 
Charles W. Roberts, class 1851, lieut.-col., 2d Maine ; pro. to col. ; commanded a 

brigade, 5th Army Corps; brevetted brig-gen. 
Joshua L. Chamberlain, class 1852, prof, of rhetoric and oiatory, Bowdoin Col- 
lege, 1856; lieut.-col. and col., 20th Maine ; pro. to brig. -gen. on the field 
by Gen. Grant in front of Petersburg; wounded; president of court- 
martial ; brevetted maj.-gen.; led the advance in tlie last actiou, and 
was designated to receive the formal surrender of Gen. Lee. 
James D. Fessenden, cla«s 1852, lawyer, Portland; capt., 2d Regt. U. S. Sharp- 
shooters; col. U. S. Col. Troops; col. on maj.-gen. Hunter's staff; on 
Hooker's staff in campaign of Atlanta ; commanded a brigade under Gen. 
Sheridan ; brevetteil maj.-gen. " for gallant and distiuguislied services." 
N. C. Goodenow, chiss 1862, capt., 16th 111. Cav. ; on Gen. Sloneman's stafl' in 
army under Gen. Sherman from Chattanooga to Atlanta; lieut.-col.; 
served three years. 
Henry Stone, class 1852, graduated at Harvanl Divinity School; lieut. in Wis- 
consiTi regt.; assist, adjt.-geu. in provost-marshal's office, Washington, 
rank of capt. 
Ephraim C. Cummings, class 1853, chaplain 15th Vt. Rc-gt. 
George S. Kimball, class 1853; lieut., Ist Maine Cav.; killed in charge at Aldic, 

Va., June, 1863. 
Joseph McKi-en, class 1853, M.D., Brunswick ; served as vol. surg. 
William McArthur, class 1853, capt., Sth Maine; pruvost-marshal, HiUon Head, 
S.C; pro. to maj., lieut.-col., and col.; wounded al Cold Harbor; bre- 
vetted brig.-geti., March, 1865. 
George W. Bartlett, class 1854, chaplain of 14th Maine R.'gt. 
Cliarles P. Cliandler, class 1854, lawyer, Boston ; m.ij , 1st Mass. Kegt. ; killed at 

battle of Malvern Hill. 
John A. Douglass, class 1854, M.D., College of P. and G., N. Y., 1801 ; surg , 11th 

Mass. Regt., 1863 ; disch. October, 1864. 
Jeremiah H. Gilman, cla.ss 1854, left college in sophomore year; capt., 14th 
U. S. Inf. ; inspector of artillery on staff of Gen. Buell and Gen. Rose- 
crans ; brevetted maj. U. S. Army. 
Henry Clay Wood, class 1854, 2d lient., 1st Inf., U. S. Army ; served on frontier 
of Texas and Indian Territory; pro. Ist lieut.; wounded at Wilson's Creek, 
Mo. ; pro. to capt. ; pro. to maj. and assist. a<ljt.-gen. U. S. A., June, 1864 ; 
pro. to lieut-col., March, 1866; brevetted col., March, 1805, " for gallant, 
faithful, and meritorious services in the adjt.-gen.'s dept. during the 

Samuel R. Crocker, class 1855, q.m. sergt., 23d Maine Regt. 

Stephen M. Eaton, class 18.55, Portland ; 2d lieut., 1st lieut., and capt. in Signal 

Service, U. S. Army; on stalT of Maj.-Gen. Canby. 
Benjamin B. Foster, class 1855, lawyer, Lincoln ; maj. ; assist, adjt.-gen. on Gen. 

Peck's staff; capt., N. C. loyal regt. 
Thomas A. Henderson, class 1855, graduated LL.l!., Harvard, 1801; adjt., 7th 

N. H. Regt.; maj., lieut.-col., and pruvost-marshal of Florida; mortally 

wounded at Deep Bottom, Va., August, 1804. 



0. Brown Hewcit, class 185.'>,l«t llcut., 2d Nebmska Cav., nine months' service. 

Charles E. Shaw, class 18.55, Portland ; lieul.-col., 2Slh Maine Rogt. 

Thomas L. Andrews, class 1856, chap. 12th N. II. Regt.; studied theology at 

Union Theological School, N. Y. 
Isaac D. Balch, class 1856, onl. in Mass. Regt. 
FiUTik C. Davis, class 1856, lieut., 3d Pa. Cav. 
Rowland Bailey Howard, class 1850, served in U. S. Chris. Com. 
Enos T. Luce, class 1850, lieut.-col., 23il Maine Regt. 

James F. Miller, class 1850. lawyer, Portland ; nid-de-camp to GoTernor Wasli- 
burn, 1861 ; commanded fur a timo the 7th Maino Regt. at naltimore; 
assist, adjt.-gen., with rank of capt., 1862; assist, adjt.-gen. and acting 
Sec. of Slate of Louisiana under Gen. Sheplcy; acting mayor of New 
Orleans, 1863; resigned July, 1804. 
Edwin B. Palmer, 1850, chaplain of lOtli Maine Regt. 

Moses M. Robinson, 1850, aipt., 12th Maim Ilegt.; some time on deUichcd ser- 
vice in tlie State. 
William H. Smyth, 1856. Brunswick ; engineer in Kansas ; member firwt Kan.sa« 
Legislature; 1st lieut , 10th Regt., U. S. Army; distinguished himself in 
the advance on Muifrccsboro'; taken prisoner at Chickaniauga ; pro. to 
capt.; brevetted major " for meritorious services at Chickaniauga.'* 
Edward W. Tliompson, 1850, capt., 5th Maino Regt. (See 5tli Maine Regiment.) 
Goorge A. Wheeler, 1850, M.D., 1859, surgeon U.S. Vols.; in charge of hosp. 

9th Army Corps; brevetted lieut.-col. 
Isa,ac H. Wing. 1850, studied law; served a.s lat lieut. of Wisconsin Regt. 
William H. Anderson, 1857, asst. paymaster, U. S. Navy. 
Samuel C. Belcher, 1857, capt., 10th Maine, June, 1862; taken prisoner at Get- 
tysburg; discharged on account of wound received in action near Sp^ilt- 
sylvania C.Mirt-House, M.iy, 1804; pro. t.i major, June 22. 
Louis H. Barstow, 1857. served as chaplain of the 14tli Vt. Regt. 
Edward T. Chapman, 1867, entered the Navy as asst. paymaster on the gnnlwat 
" Commodore Jones," and was killed when she was blown up by a tor- 
pedo in J.imes River, in 1804. 
Jolin N. Fuller, 1857, served in tho Uth 111. Regt. 

Henry S. Hagar, 1857, WiUi 1st liout. 7th Maine Regt., then adjt. ; resigned. 
John B. Haselton, 18.57, asst. paymaster, U. S. Navy. 

Charles Hamlin, 1857, major, 18th Maino Regt.; reorganized into the Isl II. 
Art., rank, July, 1802, asst. adjt.-gen., U. S. Vols., on staff of Maj.-Gen . 
Berry, 3d Army CoriJs; jisst. inspector of artillery ; lieut.-col., by brevet; 
brevet hrig.-geu.; commondeil by Maj.-Gen. Humphrey, for services al 
Gettysburg. 
John B. Hubbard, 1857, 1st lieut., Ist Bat. Mounted Art.; served under Banks; 
appointed asst. adjt.-gen., reserve brigade, under Gen. Weilzel ; fell loading 
a storniing-party at Port Hudson, May, 1803. 
Thomas H. Hubbard, 1857, adjt., 25th Maine Regt.; lieut.-col., 30th Maine 

Regt.; pro. to col.; brevetted brig -gen. 
Thomas F. Moses, 1857, M.D. at Jeffei>ion Medical College, 1800; asst. surgeon 

in transport and hospital service, U. S. Vols. 
Nathaniel A. Kobbins, 1857, private, 4th Maine Regt.; q.m. sergt., December, 
1861; pro. to 2d lieut, April, 1862 ; wounded at Cliancelloraville; taken 
prisoner at Gettysburg; eleven months in Southern prisons. 
Gustavus A. Stanley, 1857, com. sergt., 8th 111. cav.; capt.. 28th Maine Regt., 
October, 1802; caiit., 2d Maino Cav., December, 1SC3; served under Gen. 
Banks. Department of the Gulf. 
Lyman S.Strickland, 1857, 1st lieut., 10th U. S. Inf.; pro. to capt.; resigned. 
James C.Strout, 1857, private, 32d Mass. Regt. 

George A. Bright, 1858, left during his coulee; M.D , Harvard, 1800; asst. sur- 
geon, U. S. Navy. ^ 
Samuel Brown, 1858, capt., lOlh Conn. Regt.; killed in action at South Moun- 
tain, Md., Sept. 22, 1802. 
Daniel C. Burleigh, 18.58, asst. surgeon, U. S. Navy. 
Sewall C. Charles, 1868, gmduatod with first ho.iora; (tmlied law; enl. private. 

I'th Maino Regt. ; died of consumption. 
Jonathan P. Cilloy, 1858, capt., 1st Maine Cav.; m.«., April, 1862; lieut.-col 
1864; wounded at Winchester; Uken prisoner; paroled; wounded a 
White House Landing; brevetted col. and brig.-gen. for distinguished 
services at Five Koi ks and Appomattox Court-House. 
Fniukliu M. Drew, 1858, studied law; private, 15th Maine Eegt.; capt., De- 
cember, 1801; maj, September, 1802; served in Louisiana and Honda ; 
pres. court-martial, N. Y. ; brevetted lieut.-col. and col. ^ 

Fr mcis Fessenden 1858, Portland ; studied law ; began practice ni New York ; 
capt., 19th U. S. Inf. ; joined, with the regt., Gen. Uuell'. »nny Tenn., 
January, 1802; wounded in action at Shiloh. April. 1862; col. 'iSth Ma no 
ReEt,September,1862; col. 30th Maine Regt.; served in De,«irl men of 
the Gulf i lost a limb in battle on Cane River, La. ; pro. to bng.-gon. vol. ; 
brevetted maj., U.S. Army, for gallantry at Sh.loh : then lieut.-col.. U 
S. Army, for gallantry at Moun-.t's Bluff; November, pro. to m,U.-gen of 
vols . and brevetted col., U. S. Army, for meritorious service, during h. 
war • was member of the " Wirz" court-martial, Washington ; brevetted 
mai.-gen , U.S. Army; afterwards made asst. coinimssloner *-"f"'f' 
Bureau, State of Maryland. He earned the repuUtlon of « thorough 

GeorgrF ^1^:^:^^ ''■>«>- -»"■"'"« "" -""'■ r: t- '■ r :■ T 

'Maine Regt.; m»], July, 1863 ; wounded at Drurj's Bluff; pro. to lieut,- 
col., thou col Septembe^.864;b,^e.J^..^^..^^^;^^ 
Lcander Hill, 1863, awyer, Rockland, capt., ioiu iiiai" *■ ' , .„ , 
Charlt K. Hutchlns;i858, capt.. 16.h Maine Regt. ; killed in action a, ► re..er- 
ick!iburg, December, 1802. 



43G 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



William II. Savage, 1868, capt, IVIh Mnino Ilegt.; rrsigncd on ncconntof ini- 

pnirpd hoiiltli ; re-enl. as '2il Heiit., 7tli Maine Regt. ; pro. to Ist lieHt., Ut 

Vet. Vols.; l)rev. eapt. fur gallant conduct before Peterslmrg, April, I8C.'». 
Ellis Spear, 1858, capt., 2(Jtli Maine Itegt ; pro. to maj. ; wounded at North Anna ; 

brev, lieut.-col. for meritorious services near Poplar Grove Cliurch, when 

placed in comnuind of a briguile, and col., for gallantry at Quaker Koad, 

March, 18C5 ; chief of staff under Gen. Chamberlain ; brev. brig.-gen. 
James K. Tallman,185S,2d lieut., :id Maine Kegt.; quartermaster; brigade (i.m., 

rank of capt. 
Henry G. Thunuis, 1858, Portland ; gradmite Amherst College, 18f>9 ; capt., Otii 

Maine Kegt. ; ciipt., Iltli U. S. Inf.; col. commanding Irrig. U. S. Colored 

Troojis, Fenoo's I)iv., 9tii Corps; brig.-gen.; brev. maj.-gen. vols. ; brev. 

col., U. S. Army. 
Andrew J. ThomiMon, 1858; M.D., Harvard, 1802; snrg., 8th N. H. Kegt ; med- 
ical director on Mjy.-Gen. Davidson's stuff. 
John D. Anderson, 1859, Gray; 1st lient. in Wisconsin Battery. 
Charles II. liutterfield, 18.59, maj. and lieut.-col., gist Ind. Kegt. 
John C. Clmmlierlain, 18.59, chaplain, 14lh Maine Kegt. ; served on Christian 

Commission. 
Henry M. Folsom, 1859, did not fluisli his couiso ; 2d lieut., 7lh Maine Kegt, ; 

resigned. 
Charles H. Howard, 1859, lieut., 3d Maine Regt. ; ai.l-de-camp to Gen. Howard ; 

pi-o. to capt.; brev. nny. and lieut. h-oI.; col., U.S. Col. Troops; Lrev. brig - 

gen.; as-^l. com., Freedmen's Bureau. 
Charles Winlhrop Lowell, 1859, capt., 80:h U. S. C(d. Troops ; pro. to maj. ; brev. 

lieut.-col. vols, "for faithful and nteriturions services during tlie war;" 

provost-marshal, Louisiana. 
George W. Merrill, New Gloucester, 1859; capt., U. S. Col. Troops; maj., 00th 

Illinois Kegt. 
Alfred Mitchell, Yarmouth, 1859; M.D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 

New York, 1805; asst. snrg., 9th Maine Regt. 
Edward M. Rami, Portland, 1869 ; studied law; adj., 27lh Maine Regt. 
Howard M. Kand, 1859, as>t. surg., C4th N. Y. Regt. ; appointed asst. surg., U. 

S. Navy, March, 18C4. 
Francis W. Sabine, 1859, 1st lieut. and 2d lieut., llth Maine Regt.; pro. to capt. 

for gallant conduct ; wounded at Beep Bottom ; died September, 18134. 
Caleb Saunders, 1869, studied law; eiil, as private, Cth Mass. Inf.; Ist liiut., 

14tliMas.s. II.Art. 
George Webster, 18.59, 1st and 2d lieut. and capt., 12th Maine Kegt.; pro. to 

maj., 77tli U. S. Col. Troops. 
Albert P. Whittemore, 1859, private in Uen. Ro5ecra?is' department ; died at 

Vicksburg. 
Henry P. Worcester, 1859, lieut. and capt., 3d Maine Regt. ; wounded in bultio 

of Wilderness, May, 18C4. 
John F. Appleton, 1800, capt., 12th MaiTie Regt. ; distinguished at the siige of 

Port Hnilson ; col., V. S. Col. Troops, June, 180:1; brev. brig -gen. 
Kicholas E. Boyd, Portlaiul ; enl. as private, 25th Maine Regt., August, 1862; 

detached on U. S. Coast Survey near Washington ; rejoined his regiment. 
Albert W. Bradbury, 2d lieut., 1st Bat., Ist Mounted Art. ; pro. to maj., Ist Maine 

Lt. Art., September, 1804 ; chief of art. on ttaflf of Maj.-Gens. Emory and 

Torhert: brev. lieut.-col. "for conspicuous gallantry at Winchester and 

Cedar Creek ;" brev. col. 
Harlan P. Brown, 2d lieut , 7th Maine Regt. ; pro. to capt. ; killed while cheer- 
ing on his men at Antietam. 
John M. Brown, Portland ; read law; adjt., 25tli Maine Regt.; asst. adj.-gen. on 

Btiiff of Gen. Ames, rank of capt.; pro. to lieiit.-col., 32d Maine Regt.; 

brev. col. foi- gallant conduct at Gettysburg; biev. brig.-gen. 
Alvau F. Bnrnham, Yarmouth ; M.D., 1SG4 ; 2d lieut., 25th Maine Kegt. ; asa. 

surg., Mass. Cav. 
Horace H. Burbank, private, 27tli Maine Kegt.; q.m. sergt., December, 1862; 

capt., 32d Maine Regt., July, 1863 ; taken pris. in front of Petersburg ; es- 
caped and joined his regiment; capt., 3ldt I\laine Regt., by consolidation. 
George Gary, Ist lieut., Ist Maine Cav.; detailed to comnuind Gen. Ord's escort ; 

pro. to capt., December, 1862; resigned ou account of ill health. 
Fuller G. Clifford, private, 28tll Maine Regt.; served one year. 
Simon A. Evans, M.D., 1865, hospital steward, 13th Maine Regt.; asst. surg., 

14th Maine Kegt., March, 1803. 
Seth C. Farriugton, began the study of law; must, in November, 1863, capt., 

I2tli Maine Regt.; judge-advocate on the staff of Gen. Reynolds, with 

rank of maj.; brev. lieut.-col. 
Woodbury G. Fl'ost, Biunswick; appointed acting asst. surgeon, l". S. Navy, 

June, 1804. 
Charles W. Ganiiuer, Corp., 3d Maine Regt. ; became captain ; was on the staff 

of Biig.-Gen. Ullman, New Orleans; engineer-in-chief at Port Hudson; 

provost-marshal district St. Bernard atul Piaquemine ; wounded in action 

at Fair Oaks ; taken prisouer at 2d Bull Run, and exchanged, Novemlier, 

1802. 
William A. Garnsey, did not complete his colb-ge course; sergt., 12th Slaine 

Regt.; capt., 2d Louisiana Kegt. 
David Hale, Bridgton, lawyer; served a few mouths in the 23d Maine; discli. 

on account of ill health. 
Wm. D. Haley,2d lieut., 3d Maine Regt. ; subsequently q ni.; res. Augn8t,1801. 
Edwin A. Harlow, graduate Bangor Theol. Seminary; settled as minister in 

Kanstus; served in Kansas 4tb Militia Regt., to repel the invasion of 

Mi-soui i by Gen. Price. 
William L. Uiuikell, 1st lieut., 7lli Maine Regt.; acting adjutant in the batlle 

of Antietam, wlierc he was wounded; died Oct. 18, 1802. 



Grauville P. llawes, Ist lieut., 128tli N. Y. Regt.; comml«sary of staff of Gen. 
Emory. 8th Corps ; attached to the staff of Maj.-Gen. Grovcr, after the 
siege of P>u't Hudson, then reported to Maj.-Gen. Herron, Texas; res. in 
spring of 1805. 

Frederic A. Kendall, private in llth Indiana Zouaves; 2d lieut., 4th N. II. 
Regt.; pro. to Ist lieut. and capt.; in 1865, A. C. H., staff of Brig.-Gen. 
R. 11. Jaeksiin, 25th Corps, Texas expedition. 

James Henry Holibs Ilewett, private, 8th Maine Regt.; promoted successivi-iy 
to q.m. sergt., 2d lieut., Ist lieut., adjt., capt.; wounded in action el 
Bice's Station, Va. ; disch. for disaliilily. 

Kxekiel R. Mayo, Ist lieut., 3d Maine Bat. ; assigned to cav. brigade of Gen. 
Bayard ; in tlie force of Gen. Fremont; pro. to capt., 3d Maine Bat., June, 
1803; in gdi Ainiy Corps, under Burnside. 

dairies S. McCobb, hosp. steward, 4ili Maine Regt.; taken prisoner at Ist Bull 
Run ; paroled fi om Libby prison ; 2d lieut , Janimry, 1863 ; shut through 
the lungs at Gettysburg, and died in two lionra. 

James W. North, graduated M.D., 1804; asst. surg , 107lh U. S. Col. Troops, at 
Louisville, Ky. ; honorably disch. June, 1865. 

Walter S. Poor, private, lUlh N. Y. Regt., 1801; pro. to 2d lient, Ist lieut., 
capt. ill 1st N. Y. Rifles, and to lieut.-cul. N. C. Loyal Vols. ; provost- 
uiarslial of Beaufort; lieut.-col. U. S. Cid. Art. 

Tlionuis B. Reed, Portland ; appointed acting as^t. paymaster, U. S. Kavy, April, 
1804. 

Abram N. Rowe, N. Yarmouth ; nine mouths in 25lh Maine Regt.; Ist and 2d 
lieut., 3Ulh .Maine Kegt ; died of typhoid IVver at Winchester, Va. 

Adiliiert B. Twitchell. q.m. sergt, 5th Maine Regt.; 2d lieut. 5tli Bat., 1st 
Mounted Art. ; wounded in aclion at Chancellorsville, May, 180!; com- 
capt.; autlionzed to raise 7lh Maine Bat.; brevetted maj. for meritorious 
services befure Petersburg. 

Francis W. Webster, privat.-, ISth Maine Regt. ; deUiled clerk of military cum- 
missiun, Wusiiiiigtun; ciipt. 3il U. S. Cul. Troops ; military governor of 
Florida. 

ISOl.— Weiidall A. Anderson, Gray ; medical cadet, U. S. Army ; surg. 3d Mary- 
land Kegt. 

Edward L. Appleton, Ist lieut., V. S. Art.; did not complete college course. 

Nelson P. Cram, Brifigton ; entered llth Maine Regt., immed.ately after gradu- 
ating, as sergt. ; died October, 1802, of ilisease of the lungs, caused by 
measles taken in camp at Wasliington. 

William W. Eaton, Brunswick ; M.D , New York, 1804; enl. lOIh Maine Regt. ; 
hosp. steward, February, 1»63 ; asst. surg., then surg., December, 18&1. 

Edwin Emery, priiiciiial of high sciiool, Gardiner and Belfast; enl. nth Maine 
as substitute for a friend; color-sergt., April, 1804; twice wounded in 
Wilderness; com. 2d lieut. 

Loris Farr, sergt., 19tli Maine Regt; pro. to 2d lieut., to 1st lieut., and capt.; 
wounded at Cold Harbor; res. from effects of wounds. 

Samuel Fessendeu, Portland, began study of Law ; 2d lieut., 2d Bat, 1st Mounted 
Art; pro. to Ist lieut.; aid-de-camp to Brig.-G»n. Tower, July, 1863; 
severely woumled at 2d Bull Run, August 30 ; died next morning. (See 
Adj.-Gen.'s Report, 1863.) 

Albion Howe, 2d lieut., 14tli N. Y. H. Art., 9lh Army Corps; aid-de-camp to 
Brig.-Gen. Howe: inspector of artillery, U. S. Army; maj., 14lh N. Y. 
Art.; brevetted lieut.-col. 

Charles 0. Hunt, Gorham, 6th Maine Bat., q.m. sergt. ; pro to 2d lieut. May 
1803; wounded at Gettysburg; taken prisoner, June 18; pro. to 1st lieut. 

Thomas W. Ujde, capt; pro. to maj., 7th Maine Regt; won distinction in 
Peninsula campaign ; inspector-general under Gen. Smith, 1803; ou staff 
of Gen. Sedgwick, aid-de-camp and piovost-niarshal ; on staff of Gen 
Wright, in successive campaigns to Petersburg and Shenandoah; lieut.- 
col. December, 1803; col., 1st Maine Vet. Vols.; commanded 3d Brigade, 
2d Div., 0th Army Corps, during last year of war; military governor at 
Danville, Va.; brevetted biig -gen. July, 1805, " for conspicuous gallan- 
try before Petei^burg." 

Samuel Jordan, asst. paymaster, U. S. Navy, on sloop-of-war " Vincennes," ou 
"Wamsutta," off South Carolina and Georgia, and Gulf Squadron, 1803; 
died at home, of consumption, August, 1865. 

George B. KeniusUui, 1st lieut., 6th Maine Regt.; taken prisoner at 1st Bull 
Run; rejoined his regt February, 1803; disch. for disability; returned 
to Washington, November, 1863, and commissioned capt., 2d U. S. Col. 
Troops. 

Edw.ird P. Loring, 1st lieut., 13th Maine Regt; August, 186:1, pro. to capt., 
1st Louisiana II. Art (colored); pro. to niivj., U. S. Cot Troops; brevet 
lieut.-col. 

Augustus N. Lufkin, enl. 2d Maine Regt; served two years; trans, to 2utb 
Maine Regt, Corp.; commissioned capt., regt. colored troops; served in 
Army of tlui Potomac, James, and Texiu) expedition. 

Stephen H. Manning, q.m., 1st Maine Regt.; 1st lieut. and regt. q.m., 5lh Maine 
Kegt., August, 1862, Ist Div., 6th Corps; capt. and asst. q.m.; division 
q.m.; chief q m. of the corps; brev. m;ij., October, 1804; brev. lieut.-col. 
"for faithful and meritorious services during the war;" lieut.-col. and 
chief qm., 6lh Army Corps; chief, q.m.. Provisional Corps, Army of the 
Potomac; August, 1865, col and chief q.m, brevet brig.-gen. 

Wm. W. Morrell, began study of law ; 2d lieut., August, 1862 ; 1st lieut, Janu- 
ary, 1863 ; pro. to capt., October 29 ; shot through the breast and iustautly 
killed while leading his company at Spoltsylvauiu, 1864. 

Alpheus S. Packard, Jr., Brunswick ; M.D., 1804; Cambridge scieutific depuit- 
lueut, under Prof. Agassiz, two years; asst surg., 1st Maine Vols., otii 
Corps, in Grant's last campaign. 



ROSTER OP SOLDIERS. 



437 



Clias. B. Rminds, entered 30th Maine Regt., July, 18G3 ; lieut., 22d Maine Eegt. ; 
wounded in action ; pro. to capt. June, 1865. 

Edward Simonton, 33d Massachusetts Regt., 1802; entered 20th Maine Rept.; 
1st seigt.,2d lieut, Ist lieut,. Anally capt., Ist U. S. Gd. Troops; wounded 
in first assault on Petersburg; lirev. maj. and lieut.-col. 'Mbr gallant and 
meritorious conduct during the war;" appointed 2d lieut., 4tU U. S. Inf., 
and tlien 1st lieut. 

H. S. B. Smith, Bridgton ; private, 32d Maine Regt.; commissioned asst. uurg. 
Api il 19, 1864. 

George E. Slubb«, M.D., Harvard, 1863; asst. suig., U. S. Vols., I8G1; brevet, 
capt., U. S. Vols., January, 1866, " for faithful and meritorious seivices." 

Joseph B. Upham, 3d asst. engineer, U. S. Navy, Kovimber, 1862 ; pro. to 2d 
asst. engineer, July, 1866. 

Sylvjinus D. Waterman, 3d Massachusetts Regt. ; nine months on duty in North 
Carolina. 

1802— Frederic H. Beccher, 16th Maine Regt., 2d lieut, Ist lieut. ; wounded 
severely at Fredericksburg and Gettysburg; pro. to capt., but compelled 
to leave by lii.s injuries; afterwards 1st deut., Vet. Res., and 2d lieut., U. S. 
Inf. 

Merville A. Cochrane, capt., 16th U. S. Inf.; seventeen months in rebel prison, 
escaping twice, and retaken ; rejoined his regt. March, 1865 ; brevet maj. 

William E. Douuell, Portland ; adj., 20th Maine Regt., September, 1863; brevet 
capt., July, 1864, '-for gallant and dislingnished services at battle of 
North Anna," etc. ; wounded at Bethesda Clinr'ch; brevet major II. S. 
Vols. ; aid-de-camp, provost-marshal, and chief of ordnance to Gen. 
Chamberlain, 1st Div., 5th corps. 

George W. Edwards, entered service August, 1802, 2d lieut,; pro. to 1st lieut. ; 
judge-advocate brigade court-martial ; killed in action at Fredericksburg, 
Deicmber, 1862, gallantly leading his men in a bayonet charge. 

James D. Krskine, must, in Jnne, 1861, 1st lieut., 4th Maine Regt.; capt. Nov. 
1, 1801 ; compelled to leave after nearly a year's service on account of 
sickness ; died at home Jatniary, 1863. 

Alinon Goodwin, Baldwin; 2d lieut., 19th Maine Regt.; resigned on account of 
severe illness; honorably discharged. 

Thomas H. Green, capt. ; on staff of Gen. Prince, asst. adj.-gen. ; killed at battle 
of Cedar Mountain, in attempting to rescue his commander. Gen. Pr ince. 

Will, am A. Hobbie, 16th Iowa Regt. ; in Army of the Teuu&ssee under Gen. 
Sherman. 

Henry H. Hunt, Gorham; enl. 5th Maine Bat. Aug. 21, 1802; confined with se- 
vere illness in hospital two months; 1863, appointed hospital steward. 
Artillery Brig-ade, 1st Army Corps, in action at Gettysburg; rejoined 
5tli Battery as private ; served in Grant's campaign from the Rtipiilan 
to the James, and in Shenandoah Valley. 

Frederic N. Huston, 2d lieut., 21st Maine Regt., September, 1862 ; 1st lieut., June, 
1863 ; capt. at siege of Port Hudson, La. 

Willard M. Jenkins, 1st lieut., 17th Maine Regt.; died of bilious fever at Pools- 
ville, Md,, November, 1802. 

Augustus N. Linscott, capt., 21st Maine; nine months' regiment. 

Charles P. Mattocks, Baldwin (now lawyer in Portland); must. August, 1862; 
1st lieut., 17th Maine R-gt.; pro. to capt., December, 1802; especially com- 
mended for gallant conductat Chancellorsville ; pro. to majcjr, December 
1803 ; commanded the 1st U. S. ShariJShooters ; com. lieut.-col. of the 17th 
Regt., a position reserved for him till January, 1865, but never filled by 
him, as he had been taken prisoner at the battle of the Wilderness; in 
different prisons ten months ; brevet col. U. S. Vols. ; a double brevet for 
services at Amelia Springs, brevet brig.-gen. 

George E. Moulton, Westbrook ; did not complete his college course ; must. 2d 
lieut., 13th Maine Regt., November, 1861 ; served in Louisiana, Texas, 
and Virginia: com. successively 1st lient. and capt. ; trans, to 50th Maine 
Regt. as capt. ; judge-advocate in Winchester, Va. 

Joseph Noble, left college before completing his course; must. 2d lieut., 0th 
Maine ; pro. to 1st lieut. and capt. ; served in Southern Department and 
in Virginia; com. major, June, 1864; lieut -col., October, 1864. 

John M. Pease, pursued theological course in New Hampton, N. H.; enl. in 
25lh Maine Regt. for nine months. 

John E. Pierce, enl. in 39th Wisconsin Regt., as orderly sergt., one-hundred- 
day Vols., then in Ist Wisconsin H. Art., and served till close of war. 

Howard L. Prince, Cumberland, q.m. sergt., 20th Maine Regt. ; lieut., February, 
1864 ; wounded in action, Siwttsylvania C.-H. ; aid-de-camp on Brig.-Oen. 
Bartlett's staff; brev. capt. V. S. Vols., for gallant and meritorious ser- 
vices at battle of Peeble's Farm, Sept. 1804; judge-advocate on Gen. 
Chamberlain's staff, 1st Div., 5th Corps, March, 1806; served from An- 
tietam through the war. 

Isaac W. Starbird, capt. 19th Maine Regt; brigade inspector, 1804, on staff of 
Gen.Mottlet Brig.,4lh Div., 2d Army Corps; October, 1864, pro. to maj.; 
November 8, pro. to lieut.-col., and col., November 16 ; wounded severely 
at High Bridge ; brev, brig.-gen. for good services, April, 1865. 

F. A. Stevens, capt., 13th Maine Regt. ; sei ved on Mississijjpi and Red Rivers. 

Josiah A. Temple, began study of law ; enl. 17th Maine Regt., August, 1863 ; 
wounded at Mine Run ; after some months in hospital rejoined his regi- 
ment ; continued till disch. for disability, June, 1805. 

Almon L. Varney, Windham ; must Ist lieut, 13th Maine Regt, December, 
1861 ; pro. to capt. August, 1862; served under Gen. Butler; appointeil 
by the President lieut in Ordnance Dept., U.S. Army, February, 1805. 

Henry Warren, left college near close of junior year; mast Ist lieut., 7th Maine 
Regt., August, 1801 ; twice wounded on the first day of battle of Wilder- 
ness; pro. to capt.; instantly killed on last day of the battle. May, 1804. 



William W. Webster, did not prosecute his college couree; enlisted in Oilifur^ 

nia Regt. 
Man us Wigh'.enl. in 29lh Maine Regt; served in Louisiana; com. lieut, 4lh 

U. S. Cav., U. S. Od. Troops. 
Arthur B. Arey, 1803, U. S. Navy ; did not prosecute his college course. 
Delon A. Abbott, did not prosecute bis college course ; hospital steward, August, 

1802; pro. to assist surg in 9th Maine Itegt. 
John Le B. Andrews, inl. in 911i Maine Regt ; did not complete Ills college 

Charles U. Bell, enl. in 42d Mass., onc-hunilred-day men. 

George E. Brown, must sei gt., 22d Maine Regt., October, 1862 ; pro. to Ist lieut ; 
served on the Mississippi, in Gen. Grover's Div.; volunteered with Capt 
Ca.se (class of 1848) and five men to form a storming-purly at Port Iludton. 

John W. Di.\bury, attached to the Telegraph Corps, Gen. Foster's Department 

James M. Howe, left college in junior year; must. September, 1802; com. 2d 
lieut, 23d Maine Rigt 

Hamilton S. Lowell, Windham ; left college in sophomore year; com. 2d Heut., 
pro. to 1st lieut; capt., 12th Maine Regt; wounded in battle at Winches- 
ter, Va. 

George M. Pease, Bridgton ; private, 7th Maine Bat. 

Daniel M. Phillips, Gorham ; did not finish his college course ; com. 1st lieut, 
12th Maine Regt., then capt; killed in action at Winchester, Va. 

Adoniram J. Pickard, com. 1st lieut, 2d Maine Cav. 

Evans S. Pillsbury, did not complete his college course; must. Oct. 1801 ; pro. 
1st lieut., 1st Maine Cav. ; disch. for disability. 

Horace L. i'iper, did not complete his college course; 1st lieut., U. S. Col. 
Troops. 

James W. Poor, did not complete his college course ; sergt. and 1st lieut, Maine 
Cav. 

Frank C. Remick, enl. ns private one hundred days. 

John H. Roberts, did no' complete his college course ; enl, as private, 15th N. H. 
Regt, 

Andrew It G. Smith, Bridgton ; hosp. steward, 2d Maine Cav. ; assist, surg. 

S. P. Newman Smyth, Brui.swick; began a theological course at Bangor; ap- 
pointed assist librarian and instructor, Nornail Academy, Newport, R. 1. ; 
left to join the aimy ; 1st lieut ,16th Maine Regt, 51 h C<'r|is; commanded 
his company in advance on the Weldon Railroad uud at Hatcher's Run ; 
acting q.m. of the regt. 

Edward L.Sturtevant, must. October, 1862; lat lieut., 24th Maine Regt; pro. to 
capt. 

If64.— Charles Bennett Bridgton ; sergt, 23d Maine Regt; left College, then 
returned and finished his college coui-se; 2d lieut; 1st lieut, 19th Maine 
Regt. ; partiei|>ated in the operations near Petersburg. 

Samuel S. Caswell, must. Aug. 1863, 1st N. H. H. Art.; relumed and finished 
his rolli-ge course ; pro. to 1st lieut, 18th N. K. Vols., November, 1804 ; 
adjt. of the same. 

Owen W. Davis, served in Rhode Island Cav. (three months). 

John Deering, enl. in 13th Maine Regt, Jan. 1862; did not complete liiscol- 
lege course ; disi h. for disability, in August. 

Enoch M. Deering, HaiTison; did not ccmplele his college course; must. De- 
cember, 1861 ; died at home. June. 1862. 

Frederick R. Estabrook,did not prosecute his colb go course; a.ssist. surg, 24lh 
Maine Regt, 1862; died in the service, Feb. 24, 1863. 

Enoch Foster, must December, 1861 ; com, 2d lieut.; pro. 1st lieut., 13lh Maine 
Regt; resigned. 

Sandford 0. Frye, acting assist paymnsler's clerk U.S. monitor "Monlauk;" 
died of fever at Hilton Head, Dec. 1864. 

William M. Gerrish, Portland ; sergt., 19th Maine Regt; pro. 2d lieut, acting 
adjt. ; died of congestion of the brain, February, 18^1. 

Calvin h. Hayes, sergt.-maj, 27tli Maine Regt.; adjt., 32d Maiuo Regt., S<p- 
tember, 1862. 

Myron M. Uovey, acting ass'st. paymaster U. S. Navy. 

Henry N. W. Hoyt, Portland ; served three months in Rhode Island Cuv. 

James H. Maxwell, Ponland; enl. as private in 20th Maiue Regt; in Gen. 
Grant's hist campaign ; died at Washington, April, 1865. 

Charles A. Robbins, Brunswick ; acting assist paymaster U. S. Navy, on mon- 
itor " Montank." 

Joseph N. Whitn.y, Raymond ; left in the midst of his college course; enl. for 
three months in Rhode Island Cav , 2d lieut. ; taken prisoner in the 
Louisiana campaign, and confined in rebel prisons twenty-two months. 

John G. Wight, Gorham ; left at end of sophomore year; returned and finished 
his college course; U. S. Navy one year. 

1865.— William H. H. Andrews, did not complete his course ; q.m. sergt, Sep- 
tember, 1862; pro. to q.m. 

Edwin C. Biirrows, sergt, 2d Maine Cav.; did not complete college course. 

Prince A. Gatchel, must. August, 1862, 1st Maine H. Art (course uncompleted); 
sergt. on recruiting service iu Maine ; pro. to 2d lieut., to Ist lieut, and 
capt. 

E. S. Keyes, capt, •32d Maine Regt. ; brevet maj. ; college course uncompleted. 

Harlan P, Knight, left college at end of frcshnuin year; enl, in a New Hamp- 
shire regt. ; killed at Fredericksburg, December, 1802. 

Leander O. Mcrriman, left college in junior year; finished com-so iu next 
class • sergt.-maj., 31»t Maine ; wounded. 

Edwin S. Rogers, left in junior year; 2d lient., Co. E.31st Maine Regt; fell iu 
battle of Cold Harbor, June, 1801. 

Horatio F. Sn.ith, Gorham, 1st sergt. 31sl Maine Regt. ; died at home of disease 
contracted in the army, August, 1864. 



4158 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Arthur T. Stoartm, left at cnil of ficslinmn year; sergt., 23d Maine Rcgt. 
18tjG. — James A. Bedell, iliil not pro«ecuto liis college course; at once entered 

the army and died in the service. 
Josejdi L. Bennett, Ilridgton ; left college at the beginning of eopliomoro year; 

Corp., 2:ld Maine Maine Begt. ; private, 7fh Maine Bat., Army of the 

Potoniwc. 
Hiram K. Colby, left college at close of sophomore year, and returned at end of 

his year's service ; entered service as 2d sergt., 16th Maine Regt. 
Ezekiel H. Cook, left college ut end of sopliomore year; returned at the end of 

his service to finish his course; ij.m.-sergt , 1st Maine Bat. 
Pliny F. Drew, did not prosecute his course; joined the army, and died in the 

Kdward E. Jones, left in the midst of his college course; private in 3d Maine 

Uegt. 
George T. Sumner, entered service immediately after matriculation ; returned 

and resumed his course; sergt., 2Gth Maine Regt.; discb. for disaliilily, 

Mavcli, 1863. 
Melvin C. Wadsworth, examined two days before his class, was admitted to 

college, and immediately left to join llie regiment ; 2d lieut., April, 18C:i. 
18C7.— 5Ielvin F. Arey, admitted, and after a year's service, returned and fell 

back a year in his course; private and Corp., 2:id Maine Regt. 
Thomas William Lord, did not prosecute his course; must. August, 1802; 3d 

sergt.; pro. to 2(1 lieut.; severely wounded at Chancellorsville, May, 

1864 ; adjutant in Vermont Res. Coqis, on Gen. Howard's staff, witli rank 

of lieutetiant. 
Wdliam P. MudgctI, 2d lieut., lltli Maine Regt.; resigned. 
Stanley Adelbert Pluniiner, one year in "unassigned infantry." 
18C8.— George M. Bodge, Bridgton; fife-major, 7tb Maine Kegt. 
J. S. Burns, q m.-dept,, 1st Div., loth Army Corps. 
S. Fogg, Jr., 2d lieut , U. S Col. Troops. 
1869.— Oscar Fitz-Allen Greene, 1st Maine Cav., Army of the Potomac, three 

years. 
James Hunter Kennedy, sergt.. 24th Maine Regt. ; under Gen. Banks, dejmrt- 

ment of tlie Gulf, one year. 
1870.— De Alva StJtnwood Alexander, served three years in 128tb Ohio Regt., 

Army of the Ohio. 
William Edward Frost, corp., 23d Maine Regt. 
Orville Boardman Grant, marine, U. S. Navy, one year. 
James Arthur Roberts, 7tli Slaiue B.it., Army of the Potomac. 



CAPE ELIZABETH. 

Alexander, Reuben, ser^'t. Co. B, loth Inf.; most. Sept. 28,1861; wounded at 

Cedar Mountain ; pro. to 2d lieut. 
Antoine, Jas. W., Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; wounded May 5, 1864. 
Anioine, Edwin E., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded Nov. 27, 

1863; wounded May 12 ; died May 14, 1SU4. 
Alexander, Reuben, Co. B, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861 ; company disch. Aug. 

6, 1861. 
Boynton, Freeman N., Co. B, 1st Inf ; must. May 3, 1S61 ; company disch. Aug. 

5, 1861. 
Barrj-, Thomas, Co. A, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 
Boston, Henry, Co. H, 19th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1S63; wounded May 6; disch. 

Dec. 16, 1864. 
Berry, Thomas E., corp , 2.1 Bat. M.miited Art. ; must. Dec. 14, 1861. 
Pillsbury, Tobias (2il), (Jo. A, 1st Inf. ; ninsl. May 3, 1861 ; company disch. Aug. 

a, 1861. 
Barbee, E. J., Co. H, 5tii Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861. 
Brahart, Peter, 5lh Inf. 

Brown, Uibbard, Co. U, 2.'jtli Inf. ; must. Sept. 2Q, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Buck, James, Co. H, 3l8t Inf.; must. May 29, 1864: disch. Jnne 16, 1865. 
Brown, John N., Co. E, 17lh Inf. ; must. Aug, 18, 1862 ; wounded at Gettysburg ; 

di.ch. Dec. 23, 1863. 
Burbank, George E, Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1802; wounded May 2 ; 

disch. Aug. 17, 1863. 
Barker, James, Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; disch. Feb. 4, 1863. 
Brackett, Joshua, Corp., Co. I, 25th Inf.; must Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Bnrbank, Gideon, Corp., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Brown, George E., sergt., Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with 

company. 
Barry, James, Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Bia.stow, Hetherly, Co. B, 12th Inf. ; mnst. Nov. 20, 1861 ; disch. Die. 26, 1861. 
Cash, Charles E, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must Nov. 1,1,1861. 
Clark, Samuel, Co. O, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12,1861 ; died at Foi t Jackson, Aug. 

20, 1862. 
Cash, Andrew J., Co. I, 2olh Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Cobb, Isaac, Jr., Co. I, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Crockett, John, Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1 862 ; di-ch. with company. 
Cnrran, Patrick, Co. I, 2oth Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Cusliman, Charles O., Co. U, 31st Inf.; must. Apiil 21,1864; taken prisoner; 

exchanged ; ilisch. May 29, 1865. 
Cosli, Andrew J., 5tli Inf. 
Chamberlain, Charles B., Co. A, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1801; company disch. 

Aug. 5, 1861. 



Dyer, Walter, 2d Bat. Monnted Art.; must. Dec. 14, 1801. 

Davis, Benjamin F, Co. I, loth Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 . 

Darling, Joseph T., Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1801 ; prisoner June 30, 1861. 

Dyer, Alvin S., corp., Co. E, 17th Inf.; muit. Aug. 18, 1802; pro. to sergt., 1863 ; 

pro. to llent., March, 1865. 
Dyer, Charles A., musician, Co. E, 17lh Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1SG2; taken pris- 
oner May 3, 1863; exchanged. 
Doughty, George W., Co. E, I7th Inf ; must. Aug. IS, 1862 ; wounded Nov. 27, 

1863. 
Duncan, Charles C, Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; disch. December, 

1862. 
Dyer, George S, Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 3; died 

Aug. 10,1803. 
Day, Thomas, Co. C, 29th Inf.; must. Nov. 17, 1863; missing Aug. 12, 1804. 
Damren, Charles M., Co. 0, 29th Inf.: must. Dec. 17, 1803. 
Dyer, Edmund W., Co. A, 1st Inf. : must. May 3, 1801. 
Elliiigwood, John N., Corp. Co. H, 25tb Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with 

company. 
Fowie-, Scwall T., Co. B, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1801 ; company di-ch. Aug. 5, 

1861. 
Fogg, George B, Co. H, 13th Inf.; must. Doc. 12, 1861. 
Fields, Horace L., Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. Juno 23, 1861. 
Fowler, Royal, Co. H, 5th Inf. ; must. July 21, 1801. 
Fowler, Charles, Co. H, 5th Inf.; mnst. July, 1861. 
Gunn, James, Co. D, 14tli Inf. ; must. Feb. 23, 1865. 
Gearrey, Patrick, Co. I, lUlh Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 

Guilford, George S., Co. II, 25tli Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862: disch. witli company. 
Griffin, Joseph D., Co. I, 'iSth Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; discli. with company ; 

re-enl. April 21, 1864, in 31st Inf. 
GrafTam, Joshim P., O. I, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Gridley. Joseph W., Co. H, 19th Inf.; must. Aug. 17, 18():i: wounded May 24, 

1864 ; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Guilford, John S., Co. C, 29th Inf.; must. Sept. 9, 1863. 
Grallam, John P., 1st District of Columbia Cavalry ; must. Feb. 1, 1864. 
Haskell, Euward 0., Co. H, 2oth Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Hodgdon, Burbank, Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company ; 

re-enl. 1863. 
Hunnewell, Sumner, Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Henley, Harmon T., Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1802; pro. to Corp.; missing 

in linttie, Oct. 12, 1864. 
Harmon, Arthur A., Co. E, I7lh Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; killed at Gettysburg, 

July 2, 1803. 
Ileatley, Joseph II., Co E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. IS, 1802, tikon prisoner May 

3, 1804; exchanged. 
Harmon, Cliarles L., 20lli Inl'.; must. April 25, 1865. 
Hlggins, Rulus W., Co. I, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; wounded at Cedar 



Mo 



II tain 



Hatch, Woodbury D., Co. G, Vtli Inf ; mnst. Nov. 11, 1861 ; pro. t.i Corp. 
Hatch, Christopher C, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 
Hartman, Charles, Co. G, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; detached on gunlwat. 
Hayes, Thomas, Co. H, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1801; disch. April, 1862. 
Hayes, J:imes E, Co. H, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1801; detached to gunboat; 

disch. with company. 
Jordan, John W.,Co. H, 5tli Inf.; must. July 21, 1861. 

Jordan, Simeon F., Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. Jan. 22, 1863. 
Jordan, William T., Co. U,25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company, 

July 10, 1873. 
Jordan, Alonzo, Co. C, 12tll Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1801. 

Jiirdan, And. B.,Co. A, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861 ; company disch. Aug. 5, 1861. 
Jordan, Geo. S., Co. A, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861 ; company disch. Aug. 5, 1801 . 
Jordan, Clias. S , Co. 1, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1801; company disch. Aug. 5, 1801. 
Jordan, Jas. W., Co. 1, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801 ; company disch. Aug. 5, 1861 . 
Jordan, Wm. H., Co. I, Ist Inf.; must. May 3,1861 ; company disch. Aug. 5, 1801. 
Jordan, Williiim, Co. I, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801. 
Jordan, Eben, Co. E, 17lh Inf. ; mnst. Aug. 18, 1862. 
Jordan, Oliver K., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. IS, 1862 ; pro. to corp. and sergt. ; 

wounded July 2, 1863; missing in battle. May 12, 1864. 
Jordan, Andrew W., Co. E, 17lh Inf.; mnst. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded Nov. 27, 

1863; died. 
Jordan, Lewis E., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died June 6, 1863. 
Jordan, Simon, Co. E, 17th Inf. ; mnst. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. May 11, 1865. 
Jordan, John W., Co. B, 1st Vet. Inf.; must. Dec. 28, 1863; pro. to sergt.; trans. 
Jordan, Alonzo, Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Jan. 2, 1864 ; wounded September 19. 
Jordan, Sylvester F., Co. B, Coast Ginirds H. Art. ; must. Oct. 29, 1861 ; jiro. to corp. 
Jansen, Peter. Co. B, 3d Inf ; must. Aug. 28, 1863 ; disch. 1864 to enter U. S. Navy. 
Kenncy, Charles B., musician, Co. H, 25tU Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with 

company. 
Kenney, Cliarles B., Ist District of Colombia Cav.; must. Jan. 18, 1804. 
Knight, Noah B., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1863; trans, to Vet. Ri-s. 

Corps, 1864. 
Lovcitt. William, Co. I, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; pro. to Corp.; disch. 

with company. 
Lovitt, James, Co. A, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861 ; company disch. Aug. 5, 1861. 
Lovitt, Wm , Co. A, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861 : company disch. Aug. 5, 1861. 
Lee, John F., Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Nov. 11, 1861. 
Libby, Sumner C, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. March 15, 1864; died in rebel piison 

Dec. 30, 1864. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



439 



Lo|i(?7,, Antonio, Co. G, lolh Inf. ; mnst. Feb. 2, 1865. 

Lee, .lolin T., Co. G, 7tli Inf. ; must. Nov. 11, 18G1. 

Lonilmrii, John T., Co. E, 17Ili Inf.; must. An?. 18, 1802; woundcii Nov. 17, 
ISO;); trans, to Nuvy, Miiy, 1SC4. 

Libby, Georgb D., Co. H, 2otli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 18G2; discli. with company. 

Libby, James S., Co. C, 6th Inf. ; must. July 15, 1861. 

Moore, George, 1st Bat. Monnled Art. ; must. Dec. 3, 1864. 

Murray, Enoch, 2d Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 28, 1861. 

Ma«on, James G., Co. H, 6th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861. 

McKenne.v, Moses N., Co. E, 17lh Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to Vet. Res. 
Corps, 1864. 

Milliken, Samuel, Co. E, 17th Inf.; mnst. Aug. 18, 1862; died of wounds, April 
6, 1865. 

Moody. Julius S., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 2il, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

McKenne.v, Henry H., Co. I, 25lh Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Miller, William P , Co. I, 2oth Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. with company. 

Miller, Jacob W., Co. I, 25th Inf.; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Miller, Henry P., Corp., Co. I, 25lh Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pan.v. 

Mann, Sewell T., Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Munay, Thomas, Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Noble, Chas. W., Co. D, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; ^isch. with company. 

O'Brien, James, Co. K, 14tli Inf.; must. Feb. 2!, 1805. 

O'Neil, James, Co. A, 3d Car.; must. Aug. 30, 1863. 

Oakes, John, Co. G, 7tli Inf. ; mnst. Nov. 11, 1861 ; pro. to Corp. 

Osborne, Woodbridge G., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. April 18, 
1863. 

O'Brien, James, Co. K, 14th Inf.; must. Feb. 23,1865. 

Palmer, John F., Co. H, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; disch. July 8, 1862. 

Peltengill, William H., Co. H, 6th Inf.; must. July 16, 1861 ; pro. to corp. 

Palmer, Engene S., musician, Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with 
company. 

Palmer, Albert S , Co. G, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1801. 

Pillsbury, John A., Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861. 

Phelps, Abner K, Co. H, 25tb Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with coinpin.v. 

Pillsbury, Tobias, Corp., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18,1862; wounded May 
3; disch. Dec. 7, 1863. 

ParrotI, Levi S., Co. C, 29th Inf. ; must. Dec. 17, 186!. 

Phelps, Abner K., veteran, Co. C, 31st Inf.; must. March 23, 1864 

Robinson, William H., Co. H, 6th Inf.; mnst. Juno 24, 1861 ; disch. March 9, 
1802. 

Roberts, Edwin, Corp., Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Band, Bradbury, Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Royer, Walter J., Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1802; disch. wilh company. 

Roberts, Major F., Co. I, 25tli Inf.; must. Jan. 2, 1863. 

Roberts, William F., wagoner, Co E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862. 

Stewart, Clark, Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861. 

Shaw, Edward, Co. B, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 

Sawyer, Nathan I., Co. H, 2Sth iTif.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Sawyer, Melvillo F., Co. U, 25th Inf. ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Staples, Clement E., Co. U, 25lh Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Staples, Augustus S., sergt., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 18f2 ; disch. with 

Smith, George M., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company ; 
re-enl. 1st District of Columbia Cav., Feb. 20, 1864. 

Sweelsir, Benjamin F., Co. I, 2.ith Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Staples, Hiram, 2d Corp., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. wilh com- 
pany. 

Small, George F., corp., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to sergt.; 
wounded July 2, 1863; pro. to 1st sergt., 1S64. 

Stacey, Geo. W., Co.E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to Invalid Corps, 
1863. 

Stevens, George, 1st District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 1,1864. 

Smith, George M., Ist District of Columbia Cav.; must. Jan. 26, 1864. 

Stanton, Alphonzo, Co. H, 31st Inf. ; must. April 21, 1864. 

Stewart, Clark, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Jan. 29, 1864 ; disch. Aug. 25, 1863. 

Staples, William D., Co. B, Coast Guards II. Art. ; must. Oct. 29, 1861. 

Staples, Ashbey, 2d Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 3, 1804. 

Shaw, Edward B., Co. B, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861 ; company ilisch. Aug. 5, 
1861. 

Tyrell, William B., Co. A, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801 ; company ilisch. Aug. 5, 
1801. 

Tilibets, Charles A., Co. E, Kith Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 

Tibbets, I. Franklin, Co. E, loth Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; taken prisoner, 1862; 
exchanged. 

Taylor, Charles B., Co. F, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; trans, to Co. D. 

Taylor, James H., Co. H, 5th Inf.; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; disch. with company, 
Jan. 27, 1864. 

Tcrring, Walter, Co. I, 25th Inf.; must, Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Thompson, Elisha R., Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 

Vailincourt, Celestin, 291h Co lul. ; mnst. April 25, 1865. 



Walls, Franklin, Co. E, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Woodbury, Edward 1., sergt., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; di«h. with 

comp:iny. 
Woodbury, Joseph II,, Co. I, 2,5th Inf.; must Sept. 29, 1802; disch. wilh com- 

pau.v. 
Webster, John L. S,, Co. I, 20th Inf.; mnsr. Sept.29, 1862; disch. wilh company. 
Webster, Joseph II,, Co, I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept, 29, 1802 ; disch, wilh company. 
Wright, John S., wagoner, Co. I; must. Si'pt. 29, 1862; disch. wilh company. 
Watcrhonse. John I,,, Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1801 ; trans. 180 1. 
Williams, John (2d), Cm. II, 15lh Inf. ; must. Feb. 21, 186.5. 
Woodbury, Edward I,, Co. B, Coast Guards H. Art.; must. Oct. 29, 1801. 
Waterhouse, I. D,, sergt,, (>>. G, 7lh Inf. ; mu.t. Aug. 21, 1801 ; reduced by hig 

own request, 1862. 
Waterhouse, C. H., Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; pro. to corp. 
Waterhouse, Charles H., sergt,, Co. E, 17tb Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; died Dec. 

20, 1862. 
Wheeler, William, Co. E, 171h Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1SG2; disch. Sept. 12, ISO. 
Willard, Henry E , Co. A, 1st Inf ; must. JLiy 3, 1861 ; company disch. Aug. 5, 

1861. 
York, Jas. B , Co. B, Isl Inf. ; must. .May 3, 1801 ; company disch. Aug. 6, 1861. 

FOKEIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Aulhou, .lolin, 13tli Illinois Iiil'. 

Bolton, Charles D., U. S. Navy. 

Chanibere, Willi, ni, V. S. Navy. 

Dyer, Willimn, Washington, D. C. Cav. 

Farren, Anthony, U. S, Navy. 

Hayes, James E , U. S, Navy. 

Haitman, Stephen, 17th U. S. Inf. 

Johnson, Lovier N,, 991h Pennsylvania Inf. 

Knight, Noah B., 17th U, S. Inf. 

Liudsay, William H., 54th Pennsylvania Inf. 

Pool, William. U. S. Navy. 

Tinker, John, U. S. Navy. 

York, James, 33d Pennsylvania Inf. 



CASCO. 

Archibald, Amos C, Co. D, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1801 ; trans, to Vet, Res. 

Corps, April 30, 1804. 
Browu, George L,, Co. B,8th Inf.; must. SepL 7, 1861. 
Berry, Jeremiah, Co. C, 18th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; died at Washington, 

Jan. 4, 1863. 
Brackett, Charles E, Co. C, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Jan. 28, 1863. 
Dyer, Addison F., 27th Inf.; must. April 11, 1804. 

Dyer, John, Co. C, 17th Inf; mnst. Aug. 18, 1802 ; disch. March 10, 1863. 
David, Thomas J,, Co. D, loth Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1801 ; died Nov. 24, 186:). 
Davis, Eben, Co. D, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. at New Orleans, July 

15, 1862, 
Emery, Charles C, Co. D, 5th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 25, 1864. 
Edwards, Abial H,, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Quimby, Charles H., Co. 1, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, IS61. 
Graffnm, Henry, Co. C, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 180i; pro. to Corp.; wounded 

May 6, 1804. 
Holden, Samuel M., Co. B, 1st Cav.; must. October, 1861. 
Hall, Jordan M., sergt., Co. C, 17lh Inf.; must, Aug. 18, 1362; pro. to let sergt. 

and 2d lieut., Co. F. 
Hols, John, lieut., Co. C, 29th Inf.; must. Feb. 7, 1865; disch. Feb. 7, 1866. 
Lord, John, Co, E, 13th Inf,: must, March 24, 1865. 

Maxfleld, Levi C, Co. C. 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 19, 1861; disch. wilh company. 
Meserve, Alnnzo, Co. D, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; dieil at Ship Island, 

May 24, 1802. 
Max field, John T., Co. G, 14th Inf ; must. Dec. 12, 1861. 
McLellan, John Corp., Co. K, 5th Inf.; must Juno 24,1801; pro. to 2d lieut. 

May 1,180.1. 
McLellan, William, Co. K, 5th Inf.; must. Nov. 9, 1801. 
Mesi-rve, John, Co. K, 5th Inf. ; must. Nov. 9, 1801. 
Noble, George W., Co. F, 6lh Inf. ; nuist. Juno 24. 1861. 
Pinkham, William L., musician, Co. II. 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 12, 1801. 
Pinkhain, Albert M., 27th unassignml coin|>anyof Inf, ; must. April 6, I8CS. 
Ring, Cyrus L., Co. U, 19th Inf.; must. Dec. 30, 1863; missing in battle, Aug. 

25, 1864. 
Ring, Si'th C, 28tli Co. Inf.; must. April II, 1865. 
Spillor, Alphous, 27lh Inf.; must. April 11, 1865. 
Svmoiid8,OrasmU8, Co. G, lilh Inf, ; must. Aug. 18, 1862, 
sillier Orrin B Co. C, 17th Inf.; mu,t. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. March 10, 1863. 
Spiller! Josiah G. M., sergt, Co, C.17tl. Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; reduced. 1803; 

trans, to Vet. Hes, Corps, 1864. 
Skinner, George F,, Co. H, 6th Inf. ; mu.t. July 15, 1861. 
Spiller, Joshua S., Co. K, .5th Inf.; must. Nov. 0, 1861. 
Stewart, Talbot G.. Corp., Co. K, 6tb Inf. ; mmt. June 24, 1861; reduced; do- 

tached 
Thurston, Jacob, Co. D, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1801. 
Tubbs, Harlan B., Co. C, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 19, 1864; disch. from hosp I..I, 

June 12, 1805. 



440 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUiNTY, MAINE. 



Wliiliioy, .Iiiines, Co. E, l»t Inf.; must. M.iy :i, 1861. 

VVkli, William A., Co, I!, l«t Inf.; must. May :i, 1801. 

Wiglit, llpzckiali C, Co. F, 8tli Iiif ; must. Si-pt. 7, 1861. 

Wliitni'.v, Jam's, scrgt., Co. I!, lllli Inf.; must. Nov. 8, 1861. 

Wclcli, Williiuu A., sprirt., Co. D, 151h Inf. j must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; leducod, 186-2 ; 

disch. ,Inn. 19, 186.i. 
Wckli, RoI.ei-t B., Co. I), ISth Inf. ; nui«t. I).>r. 13, isr.l ; pro. to corp., 1803 ; re- 

enl. Jan. 25, 1804 ; pro. to scTnit. 
Winslow, Josiali.Co. A, Bill luf ; must. June 21, 1801. 
Welch, SteplienS.,0).G,17tli Inf.; must. Aug. IS, 1862; pro. to .-orp, and sergl.; 

disch. with comp'iny. 
Witluim, Ilonry, Co. G, ITth Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; killed at Gill.vsliurg, 

July 3. 
Winstow, Vernon F., Co. E, lOIli Inf ; mu-t. Jan. 4, 1864 ; trans, to 1st Maine 

II. Art. 
Wight, Marcus G., Co. C, Hlh Inf.; mu-t. Dee. L9, lS6:i; died Feb. 15, 1803, on 

passage to New Orleans. 
Whitney, William, C.i. It,r>lh Inf.; must, Pee. 17. 1861; wounded at Antietam; 

tians. to 1-t Maim- Veleians in 1804. 

FDSEI3N ENLISTMENPS. 

Hall, Charles E.,-lh Mass.-lnf. 
I'iukham, Alphuuy.o II.. Otii Mas-:. Inf. 
rinkham, Fernando 1"., 6th Mass. Inf. 



CUMBERLAND. 

Adkins, Moses, Co- B, 2Slh Inf.; must. .Sept. 20, 1862; disch. with company, July 
10, 1861. 

Barston, Jeremiah R., Co. E, Hlh Inf. ; nuist. Aug. 18, 1802; missing May 12, 
1864. 

Blanchard, Solomon L., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802; trans, to Invalid 
Corps, 1804. 

WaTicliard, Homer E., Co. E, nth Inf.; must. Aug. 18. 1862; died Dec. 1, 1802. 

lilaochard, Joseph H., Co. B, 2.5tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; died Dec. 7, 1803. 

Blani hard, David L., regimental lianil ; must. Oct. 6, 1801 ; disch. in September, 
1862, uuder order mustering out reg mental bands; re-enlisted. 

Coffin, Kufus, Co. G, 13lh Inf.; must. , Ian. 16,1662; pro. to Corp.; trans. Jan. 
0, 1865. 

Clougli, Simon L., Co. B, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. wilh company. 

Doughty, George H., Co. B, 25lh Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. witli company. 

Doughty, George H , Corp., Co. ¥, 3l)th Inf. ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; disch. Aug. 20, 
1865. 

Eaton, Cyius H., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. wilh company. 

Farwell, Francis 0., Co. B,-i5th Inf ; nm-it. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. witli company. 

Farwell, Simon L., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. '29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Greeley, Horatio, corp., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Greeley, Charles, Co. E, 17lh Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; wounded May 5, 1804. 

Gould, Samuel, Co. G, 2d Inf. ; must. Dec. 21, 1861 ; disch. J.in. 17, 1862. 

Greeley, Horace B., sergt., Co. G, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1862; disch. Jan. 6, 
1805. 

Hanley, Thomas, Co. A, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 

Hall, William T., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Heron, Daniel, Co. A, 20th Inf.; must. Feb. 8, 1863; disch. June 6,1865. 

Hanby, Thomas, sergt., Co. E, 29lh Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1863. 

LatliJim, Seward M., Co. G, 5tli Inf.; must. Aug. 30, 1802; trans, to Ist Maine 
Vets., 1804; pro. to Corp. 

Latham, James F., Co. B, 26th Inf. ; mnit. Sept. 29, 1802; pro. to sergt.; discli. 
with company. 

Leighton, Elias F., Co. B, 251h Inf.; must.'Sept. 29,1862; di^ch. with company. 

Leighton, Moses W., Co. B, ■25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Leighton, Patrick II., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; d;sch. with com- 
pany. 

Meserve, Vincent, Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1863; dis. h. March 27, 1804. 

Morris'Ui, Jolui T., Co. C, I2th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1801. 

Monnlf .rl, Uollis R., sergt., Co. B, 25tli Inf.; mu*t. Sept. '29, 1802; pro. to 2d 
lient. 

Merrill, William H. C, Co. B, 25lh Inf.; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Merrill, .loslah, Jr., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Moun'.fort, Daniel H., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Mountfort, James W., Co. B. 26lh Inf.; must. Sipt. 29, 1862. 

Monnlfort, Oils A., Co. B, 25lh Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; di-ich.wilh cmipany. 

Prince, Fred.-rick C, 1st sergt, Co. C, 2d Cav. ; must. Dec. 3, lS6i. 

Prince, William B., Co. B, l.st Cav.; must. Fob. -20, 1864 : dio'l. 

Prince, Howard I., Co. A, -iOtli Inf.; joined as capt., Aug. 29, 1862 ; wounded 
May 8, 1804. 

Phalon. William, Co. A, 20th Inf. ; must. Feb. 7, 1805. 

Ridcout, Reuben, Co. B, Hth Inf ; must. Aug. IS, 1862; di.d at Washington, 
Oct. 17, 180-2. 

Kidcont, Jos'ph M., Co. B, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 1<<, 1802; wounded May 5, 
1804; died. 

Riues, Charles F, Co. B, -25111 Inf; mn-t. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. wilh company. 



Smith, William, Co. A, 2lllh Inf; mu^t. Feb. 7, 1805. 

Stubhs, Daniel M., 5th Mounted Art.; most. Dec. 4, ISOI. 

Sanborn, James, Co. B, 25lh Inf. ; niuit. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 

Sanborn, .losiah, Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Shaw, Elias B., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. wilh company 

Thompson, George L., Co. B, 25lh Inf.; must. Sept. i'J, 1862; di.<cli. with com 

pany. 
Taylor, Warren, Co. G, 25th Inf ; must. Oct. 14, 1802; di-ch. with company. 
Wilson, Edward H., sergt -maj , nnist. December, 1801. 
Wyman, Charles W., C". F, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1801. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 
Blanchard, Ferdinand C, 1st Missouri L. Art. 
Blanchard, Horatio F., U. S. Navy. 
Blanchard, Charles A., U. S. Navy. 
Beriy, Janu-s H., officer in U. S. Navy. 
Farwell, Frederick, 0th Miwsachusetts Inf. 
Greely, Eliphalet, 47th Massachusetts Inf. 
Gab-s, John, U. S. Gulf Scjuadron. 
Johnson, John, U. S. Gulf Squadron. 
Kenton, Robelt H., U. S. Navy. 
Pote, Orthernial M., U. S. Navy. 
Sonle, William S., 13th Massachusetts Inf. 
Sweetser, Henry, U. S. Navy. 



FALMOUTH. 

Abbott, John S., sergt., Co. C, 12tb Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; color-sergt. of 

the regl., 186-2. 
Allen, Dani'd A., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 1.5, 1801. 
Allen, George, Co. B, -25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company, July 

10, 1863. 
Allen, Leander, Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company, 

July 10, 1863. 
Allen, Rodman, Co. B, 25th Inf.; mu<t. Sc-pt. 29, 1862; disch. with company, 

July 10, 1S63. 
Brown, Kzekiel, Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Bnrrill, Henry T., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. '29,1862; disch. with company. 
Bu.\ton, Stillman, 2d Inf. ; must. July 21, 1861 ; trans, to Co. 1, 20th Inf., 1803; 

disch. Sept. 6, 1864. 
Baxter, Elijah, Co. H, 13lh Inf. ; must. Oct. 7, 1863. 

Field, Ephniim B., Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. Oct. 14, 1862. 
Foster, George G., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. wilh company. 
Fletcher, George C, Co. I. 12th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Gammon, Mark, Co. 1, 12th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Gallison, Charles, Co. E, 25th Inf. : must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Haskell, Josliua, Co. B, 25th Inf.; mu^t. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Hodgdon, Moses S., Co. B, 25lh Inf, ; must. S'-pt. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Huston, Wm. M., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 
Knight, Edwin P., Co. B, 25tli Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 

Knight, Joseph F., Co. H, .31st Inf. ; rnuxt. April 21, 1804 ; missing in battle. 
Knight, Osmond W., Co. E, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 
Libby, George H., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; died at Ship Island, 

March 16, 1862. 
Libby, Fernald, Co. C, 12th Inf. Coast Guards ; must. Oct. 29, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 

9,1802. 
Lambert, John W., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29,1862 ; disch. with company. 
Leighton, Mark L., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Libby, Darius S., CIo. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; missing in battle. 

May 6, 1804. 
Marston, .Tames E., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Merrill, Harlan P., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept, 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Morrill, Horatio, Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Merrill, William P., Co. 1), 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Morrill, William P., corp., Co. F, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863. 
Mitchell, .Tames E., sergt., Co. C, 29th luf.; must. Dec. 17, 1863; disch. with 

compan.v, June 21, 1866. 
Merrill, William A., Co. C, 31st Inf. ; m'lst March 2.3, 1804 ; trans, to Co. C, .31sl 

Inf., in 1864. 
M'>rton, John F., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1SC2; disch. with company. 
Osborne, Andrew P., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Osborne, James II., Co. H, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Pease, John M., Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. wilh company. 
Purinton, William G. W., Co. B, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. Jan. 

29, 1803. 
Pettengill, William H. H., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with 

company. 
Pratt, Aretus E., Corp., Co. H, 5lh Inf.; must. Juno 24, 1861. 
Roberts, Charles H., Co. I, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1861, 

Ramsib-II, Ebon H,, Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
R-ibiuson, Luther, Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. wilh company. 
Bohcrts, Charles H., Co. I ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; disch. June 10, 1862. 
Scott, Alonzo H., Co. I; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Swell, Alonzo K., Co. I ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; re-enl. in Co. C, 29th Inf. 
Smellidge, Augnslus, Co. D. ; must. Dec. 10, I8C1. 



ROSTER OP SOLDIERS. 



441 



Saunders, Stillman H., Co. Q, 5th Inf. ; must. June 2:), 1861. 

Soille, Henry, Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. June 23, I8I1I. 

Saunders, Samuel, Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. witli companv. 

Shapley, Levi, Co. B, 12th Inf.: must. Nov. 20, 1S61. 

Wilson, Nathaniel B., musician, Co. B, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. 
with company, July 10, 1863. 

Walker, Emery 0., Corp., Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with 
company. 

Woodbury, Ebenener, Co. B, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Wiswell, Charles A. D., Co. H., 25tli Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with 
company. 

Waite, John A., Co. E, 8th Inf.; must. July 13, 1863; died at Fortress Monroe, 
Aug. 30, 18B4. 

Wilson, George W., Co. C, 37th Inf.; missing May 27, 1864. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Fletcher, Charles H., 15th Mass. Inf. 
Field, Alden, U. S. Army. 
Leightun, James G., Mass. Sharpshootei-s. 
Lihby, Fernalii, V. S. Army, 
Merrill, Alexander P., U. S. Navy, 
Merrill, Charles J., U. S. Engineers. 
Morrill, PanI E., V. S. Engineers. 
Marston, Andrew J., U. S. Engineers. 
Pool, Charles B., Mass. Cav. 



FREEPORT. 



Andn 



.ard P. S., Corp., Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; discli. with 

company. 
Adderton, William, Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; died at Georgetown, 

D. C, April 20, 1863. 
Anderson, Andrew, Co. A, 12th Inf.; must. Feb. 10, 1866. 
Allen, Albion, Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. with company, June 

4, 1865. 
Andrews, Tristram, Co D, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 
Banks, James H., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; pro. to Corp. 1S62; 

wounded May 15, 1864; arm amputated; disch. for disability. 
Bragdou, Josepli, Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. April 21, 1864. 
Bailey, Maciah A., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Feb. 2, 1864 ; trans, from Co. K ; pro. 

to Corp.; disch. with company. 
Bennett, Wm. F , Co. B, 30tli Inf. ; must. March 24, 1865 ; disch. with company. 
Brewer, Henry C, 1st sergt., Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with 

company, July 10, 1863. 
Brewer, Anderson J., Co. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 29, 1862; died at Antietam, 

Md., Oct. 28, 1862. 
Brewer, Isaac D., Co. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 29, 1862 ; disch. June 19, 1863. 
Brewer, Charles H., Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. June 21, 1861; wounded Sept. 14, 

1862 ; pro. to corp. 
Coffin, John W., Co. G, 12th Inf. ; must. March 1, 1865. 
Gushing, James E., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; pro. to corp. 
Coffin, Ansyl B., Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; discli. Jan. 6, 1864. 
Coffin, Otis L., Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; pro. to Corp. ; re-enlisted ; 

transferred, 1864. 
Cliase, Charles M., Co. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 29, 1862 ; pro. to Corp., to sergt., 

and Chief nmsician, 1864. 
Cross, Eugene F., Co. D, I4th Inf. ; must. March 13, 1865. 
Day, James H., Co. K, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; 

trans, to battalion Ist Maine Kegt. 
Dennison , Emerson, Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; died at Ft. St. Philip, 

Aug. 28, 1862. 
Dennison, George W., Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. Jan. 19, 1863. 
Donihue, George L., Co. I, 29th Inf.; must. Aug. 11, 1862; trans, from battalion, 

loth Maine Regt., 1864. 
Field, Ruel N., Corp., Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; pro. to seigt. ; trans. 

to Ambulance Corps, 1862. 
Field, Albion, C). B, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 18, 1863; died April 20, 1864. 
Grant, Enoch F., Co. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. 1864. 
Grant, Walter S., Co. K, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; died March 1, 1864. 
Gould, Floris E., Co. C, 32d Inf. ; must. May 6, 1864; trans, to Co. I, 31st Maine 

Regt., Dec. 1, 1864. 
Greenwood, Joseph, Co. B, 11th Inf.; must. Dec. 1, 1864; disch. May 25, 1865. 
Griffin, James H., Co. B, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 18, 1863 ; trans, to Co. 1, 1864. 
Grant, Daniel W., Co. D, 17th Inf. ; must. Sept. 2, 1863 ; trans, to Ist H. Art., in 

1864. 
Gurney, Thomas J., Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. June 21, 1861; wounded at battle of 

Gaines^ Mills; died. 
Greene, James W., Co. K, 12lh Inf.; must. Nov. 10,1861; pro. to Corp. 1863; 

re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864 ; trans, to battalion 1st Maine Hegt. 
Grant, Joseph A., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 
Grant, Marshall, Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 
tilegg, William, Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 
Holbrook, James H., Corp., Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. In, 1861. 
Hill, Wellington, Co. H, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863; disch. witli company. 

56 



Haskell, John L., 1st Army Corps; must. March 31, 1865. 
Hall, Livi, 1st Anny Corps; nmst. March 31, 1865. 
HiinBori,Tlioma8, Ist Anny Corps ; must. March 31, 1865. 
Haskell, Anguslns M., Co. K, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; pro. to corp. ; de- 
tached, 1863. 
Johnson, George W., Co. F, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; discli, Juno 6, 1862. 
Johnson, Albert A., Co. E, 17tli Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Goltys- 

burg; disch. April 11, 1864. 
Johnson, Cyrus, Co. E, 17tli Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 2, 1863; 

missing Sept. 15, 1863. 
Jordan, Eleazer W., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861. 
Jordan, David J., Co. B, 30tli Inf. ; must. Dec. 19, 1863. 
Kendall, Jolin C, Co. E, 30tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 1, 1864 ; joined as capt. ; disch. 

by order, .Ian. 4, 1866. 
Libby, Greenleaf R., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Dec. 13, 1861 ; pro. to corp., 1862 ; 

re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864 ; trans, to battalion 12th Maine Regt. 
Lincoln, Clinton, Co. E. 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; discli. Feb. 13, 1863. 
Lane, Peter, Co. K, 12tli Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; detached at headquarters, 2d 

Div., 19th Army Corps. 
Libby, Greenleaf II., Co. K, 12th Inf.; must, Nov. 16, 1861; pro. to scrgl.; 

re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; trans, to battalion 12th Maine Regt. 
Means, John P., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Dec. 9, 1861. 
Merrill, Moses, Jr., Co. K, 12lh Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1801 ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864 ; 

wounded Oct. 19,1864; trans, to battalion, 1st Maine Regt. 
Mitchell, Alonzo, Co. G, 5th Inf. ; must. June 21, 1861 ; pro. to sergt., Jan. 16, 

1862. 
Mitchell, James E., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; wounded May 2, 1863 ; 

trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Merrill, Wm. F., Co. K, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 29, 1862 ; killed at Gettysburg. 
McFariand, Robert, Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. with company. 
McFarland, Robert H., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Doc. 10, 1861; disch. in Maine. 
Mann, John D., sergt., Co. G, 25lh Inf.; mast. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Mitchell, Mark M., Corp., Co. 0, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with 

company. 
McFarland, Wm., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Means, William N., Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. witii company. 
Means, Daniel M., Co. G, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Merrill, Oilman, Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Metcalf, George W., Co. G,25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. 
Metcalf, Ansel L., Co. G, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. ' 
Mitchell, Parmenas, Co. G, 29tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. 
Merrill, Henry F., Co. E, 30tli Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1863; take 

changed; disch. for disability, 1864. 
Moulton, Frederick, Co. D, 20th Inf. ; must. Feb. 18, 1865 ; disch. Ju 
Mutter, Alonzo, Co. D. 29tli Inf. ; must. Aug. 5, 1862. 
Nason, Lewis, Co. G, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. with company. 
Nevons, Hiram, Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Palmer, Darius L., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861. 
Patterson, Eben M., Co. K, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; 

trans, to Bat. 12th Maine. 
Prescott, Charles E, Bat. L, 1st H. Art.; must. Jan. 1, 1864; diedof wounds, June 

18, 1864. 
Pinkhani, George L., Co. H, 10th Inf. ; must. Aug. 6, 1862 ; died at Beriin, Md., 

Oct. 14, 1862. 
Pollister, Joseph M., Diet, of Columbia, Cav.; must. March 4, 1864. 
Pike, James Henry, Co. D, 1st Bat. Inf.; must. April 5, I860. 
Plummer, John H., Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. Feb. 2, 1864; died Aug. 13, 1864. 
Pratt, Thomas C, Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Pratt, Thomas 0., Co. E, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1863 ; wounded April 9, 1864 ; 

pro. to Corp. ; disch. as supernumerary Corp. 
Randall, Alonzo, Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; wounded April 9, 1884. 
Reed, Frank S., Co. G, 25tll Inf. ; miist.Sopt. 29, 1862 ; wounded April 9, 1864. 
Rogers, Albert, Co. G, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; wounded April 9, 1864. 
Rogers, Eli H., Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; wounded April 9, 1864. 
Rogers. Setli 0., Co. C, 31st Inf.; must. March 23, 1864; veteran. 
Ranilall, Albert, Co. D, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
Roberts, W.H. H,, Co, K, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; detached 1863; re-«nl. 

Jan. 1, 1863 ; wounded Sept. 19, 1864 ; trans, to battalion 1st Maine. 
Soule, Edwin A., nmsician, Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan 1, 

1864 ; trans, to Bat, 1st Maine. 
Sherman, Robert W., sergt., Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with 

company. 
Smalley, James M., Co. G, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Soule, George W.,Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1662; disch. with comiiany. 
Soule,' Benjamin F., Co. G, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Soule[ Enoch C, Co. B., 30lh Inf. ; must. Dec, 18, 1863 ; disch. Oct. 5, 1864. 
Stack' William, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must, March 24, 1865; pro. corp. 
Sawyer, Joshua L., Co. E, Kith Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; died Sept. 1, 1864. 
Soule, Charles H., Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10. 1861 ; pro. to sergt. ; re-enl. 

1864; transferred. 
Staples, George U, Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. with company. 
Talbot,' Josi.ih, Co. E, 13lh Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Tenney, George F., Co, E, 17tli Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; died Doc. 3, 1862. 
Tedlord John S., Uo. B, I7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; di.ch. Feb. ii, 1863. 
Towiisond, Joseph H., Co. G, 2Btli Inl'. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 



t-ith company. 

'ith company. 

Mth company. 

; prisoner ; ex- 

; 12, 1865. 



442 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Tuwnsenri, Reuben, Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with cumpany. 
Tiiwnsond, Wnltor S., Co. B, 30th Inf., Diust. Dec. 18, 1863 ; trans, to Co. 1, 1864. 
Tiiwnsond, Granville M., Co. C, 3(Jlh Inf.; ninst. Dec. 18, 1863; trans, to Co. B, 

1864. 
True, Luther, Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 12,1863; died from wounds, Aug. 

9, 1864. 
Thoniiis, William H., Co. K, 12th Inf ; must Nov. 16, 1801 ; re-eill. Jan. 1, 1864 ; 

trans, to Bat. 1st Maine. 
True, Reuben E., Co. F, loth Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; missing, Aug. 24, 1862. 
Wyman, Joseph D., Co. E, 13th Inf ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; died July 29, 1864. 
Wilson, Stillman, Co. H, loth Inf. ; must. Aug. 12, 1862; trans. 1863. 
Wyman, Spencer M., Corp., Co. K, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; pro. to sergt. 

and 2d liout. 
Ward, Albion, corp., Co. G, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch with compan.v. 
Walker, Timoth.v S., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862: disch. with company. 
Walker, Albert, Oo. G, 2Bth Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Ward, Harrison, Co. G, 26th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; discli. Feb. 17, 1862. 
Ward, Henry, Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. Fob. 27, 1862. 
Ward, Joseph 0., Co. G, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Wilson, Elias S., Co. G, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Webber, Asa W., Co. E, 30th Inf ; must. Dec. 30, 1863; died May 8, 1864. 
Webber, Charles B., Co. C, 31st Inf. ; must. March 23, 1864 ; died in rebel prison, 

Oct. 1864. 
Woods, Edward W., Dist. of Columbia Cav. ; must. Feb. 8, 1864. 
Welcll, Isaac C, Co. D, l.''.th Inf. ; must. Jan. 25, 1S64 ; pro. to Corp. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Brewer, Joel, U. S. Navy. 
Chadsey, George, U. S. Navy. 
Chadsey, William, U. S. Navy. 
Dillingham, John M., U. S. Navy. 

Field, George, Mass. 

Farwell, Joseph. Jr., U. S. Army. 
Hyde, John A., U. S. Navy. 
Rogers, William P., U. S. Navy. 
Rogers, John J., V. S. Navy. 
Stockbridge, Cushing M., U. S. Navy. 
Rogers, Seth 0., New York Fire Zouaves. 
Tripp, Charles, 17th U. S. Inf 



GORHAM. 

Andrews, Abram S., Co. F, 16tli Inf ; must. Aug. 14, 1862; taken prisoner July 

1, 1863 ; died in prison, Nov. 2, 186:i. 
Bradbury, Charles H., Co. K, 3d Inf; must. June 4, 1861. 
Beck, George D., sergt., Co. A, 5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861. 
Boyd, William H., musician, Co. A; must. June 24, 1861. 
Burnell, James B., Co. A, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. Oct. 33, 1861. 
Bangs, Edwin G., Co. G; must. Dec. 25, 1861. 

Brackett, Hiram E., Co. A, Ist Cav.; nuiKt. Feb, 19, 1864; disch. May 8,1865. 
Bond, Benjamin F., Co. H, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. j disch. 

with company. 
Bailey, John P., wagoner, Co. E, 13th Iiif ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; re-enl. Febru- 
ary, 1864; transferred. 
Boyd, William H., musician, Co. A, 5th Inf; must. Dec. 28, 1863, as veteraTi ; 

trans, to 1st Maine Regt. 
Buck, Theodore E., Co. I, 30th Inf ; must. Jan. 6, 1864. 

Blair, Samuel E., Co. F, 16th Inf ; must. Aug. 14, 1862 ; disch. with compan.v. 
Brown, James B., Co. I, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died Aug. 1, 1863. 
Brown, Freeman, Co. K, nth Inf ; must. Sept. 5, 1863. 

Bragdon, Wm. H., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Baker, Andrew, Co. K, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Croak, John, Co. G, 14th Inf; must. Jan. 8, 1862. 

Cannell, Heman, Co. K, 9th Inf; must. Sept. 21, 1801 ; disch. May 10, 1863. 
Cannell, Lot, Co. K, 9th Inf; must Sept. 21, 1861; taken prisoner; exchanged; 

on provost duty at Baltimore, Md., in 1863; re-enlisted. 
Cannell, William, Corp., Co. F, 16th Inf ; must. Aug. 14, 1802; taken prisoner ; 

killed July 1, 1863. 
Colley, William W., sergt., Co. F, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with 

company. 
Cannell, Barnabas, Co. F, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Cannell, John W., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Copp, James F., Co. K, 'JSth Inf; must Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Oiiley, Oliver, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; disch. witli company. 
Connell, Samuel A., Co. D, 20th Inf; must. Feb. 14, 1865. 
Carter, Demius F., Co. C, 29lh Inf; nuist. Feb. 7, 1865. 

Cloudman, Edwiu U., Co. B, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 30, 1864; disch. Sept. 15, 1866. 
Chapman, B. G., Corp., Co. K, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 20, 1861 ; trans, to Co. B. 
Colby, Joseph, Jr., Co. B, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 20, 1861. 
Douglass, Klisha, Corp., Co. K, 26th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Dingley, Samuol, Corp., Co. K,2Stli Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; pro. to sergt., 

March 1, 1863. 
Davis, Daniel W., Co. K, 25th Inf ; unisl. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Douglass, Edw. K.,Co. K, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Darling, Goo. L., Co. A, 5th Inf ; must. Doc. 28, 1803 ; Uikeu pris,, (let. 19, 1864 ; 

exchanged; re-enlistad; trans, to Ist Maine Vet. Inf 



Duffey, Peter, Co A, 6th Inf ; must. Dec. 28, 1863 ; died of wouniis, June 20, 1864. 

Devine, Alphouzo, Co. I', 9tb Inf ; nmst. Sept. 26, 1864. 

Day, George L , Co. K, 29th Inf; must. Feb. 17, 1865. 

Day, Albert F., Co. K, 20th Inf ; must. Feb. 21, 1864. 

Eaton, Charles P., Co. K, 12th Inf; must. Nov. 16, 1861; detached to Signal 
Corps, 1863. 

Edwards, Charles M., Corp., Co. A, .''.111 Inf; must. June 1,1801; disch. with 
company. 

Elder, Alonzo S , Co. A, 5lh Inf ; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; died of wounds, Nov. 9, 
1863. 

Edwards, Richmond, Co. A, 6th Inf; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to corp., July 30. 

Elwcll, Cliarles H., Co. A, 6th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 29, 1861. 

Files, Joseph, Jr., Corp., Co. K, 25lh Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Files, Albion P., Co. K, 26th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Farwell, Walter H., Co. A, 5th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. with company. 

Fririk, Isaac M.,Co. A, 5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861. 

Files, Wm. II. P., Co. C, 32d Inf ; must. May 23, 1864 ; trans, to Slst Me. Regt. 

Graffam, Albert, Co K, 9th Inf. ; must Jan. 12, 1864 ; pro. to coi-p. ; taken pris- 
oner, 1864; discli. Aug. 8, 186.5. 

Gilbert, Albert, Co. A, 5th Inf; nmst. Feb. 7, 1864, in let Maine Vet. Inf 

Gilliert, Emery, Co. D, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 8, 1863; detached to band. 

Gilman, John F., must. Sept. 29, 1802. 

Gilman. Edward G., Co A, 5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861. 

Green, William F., Co. F, 16th Inf ; mnst. Aug. 14, 1862, as teamster. 

Gilbert, Albert, Co. A, 1st Vet. Inf ; must. Feb. 14, 1864 ; wounded May 10, 1864 

Gilpatrick. William, Co. C, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 19, 1863; taken prisoner; ex- 
changed; disch. with company. 

Heald, Josiali, capt., Co. A, 6th Inf ; must. Jiine 24, 1861. 

Haskell, John L., sergt., Co. A, 5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861. 

Hasty, Thomas J., Co. C, 9th Inf ; nnist. Nov. 4, 1863 ; disch. with company. 

Hasty, William, Co. D, 1st Inf ; must. May 3, 1861. 

Hunt, diaries C, q.m. sergt, 4th Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 21, 1861. 

Hall, Levi, Co. A, 5th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. with company. 

Harmon, James F , Co. A, 6th Inf ; mnst. Dec. 28, 1803 ; trans, to 1st Vet. Inf. 

Haskell, John H., sergt., 5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. with company, 
July 27, 1864. 

Harmon, Sherley, Jr., Co. M, 2d Cav.; must. Jan. 2, 1864. 

Haraion, Joseph A., Co. K, 9th Inf ; must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; taken prisoner; ex- 
changed, 1863. 

Harding, George, Co. F,16th Inf ; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. Feb. 1, 1863. 

Howard, Elias R., corp., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; pro. to sergt. ; 
disch. with company. 

Hale, Enos B., Corp., Co. F, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. with com- 
pany, July 10, 1863. 

Hale, Washington, Co. F, 2ith Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; re-enl. as veteran. 

Hunt, George A., sergt., Co. K, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; pro. to 2d lieut., 
March 1,1863. 

Harding, Edwarl, Corp., Co. K, 26tU Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Hanson, Theodore H., Co. K, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862: disch. Aug. 20, 
1863. 

Irisli, Melville, Co. 1, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1862. 

Johnson, A. H., Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Jan. 5, 1864 ; trans, to Navy. 

Johnson, William H., sergt, Co. K, 9th Inf ; nmst. Sept. 21, 1861. 

Johnson, George W., Corp., Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1861. 

Johnson, Albion, Co. F, 10th Inf; must. Aug. 14, 1862; disch. with company. 

Johnscm, Daniel, Co. K, 26th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Kelley, William, Co. C, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 19, 1863 ; die<l in rebel prison. 

Kemp, Charles E., Co. F, 25lh Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Knowlton, Charies T., Co. C, Ist. iTif ; must. May 3, 1861. 

Kellogg, Charles F., Co. L, 1st Cav. ; must. Nov. 1, 1861. 

Lil>by, Frank B., Co. K, 9th Inf; nmst. Sept. 21, 1861 : disch. Sept. 27, 1864. 

Lucus, J. C, Co. G, 7th Inf; must. Aug. 21, 1861. 

Lombard, Blan.hord, Co. B, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 20, 1861. 

Larry, Daniel P., Co. C, 51b Inf; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; trans, to regimental 

Libby, Alphcuizo E., Co. C, 5th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861 ; trans, to regimeTital 

Lowe, William L., Co. K, 9th Inf ; must. Sept. 21, 1861. 

Lowell, Oliver A., Co. I), lOtb Inf; must. Aug. 14, 1862; pro. to capt.; killed 

at Gettysburg. 
Libby, Stephen P., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Libby, Asa, Co. K, 26tb Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 18G2. 
Libby, Tyng, Co. A, Ist Vet. Inf; must. Dec. 31, 1,801 ; re-enlisted. 
Ladd, Noah, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. Juno 24, 1861. 

Libby, Cyrus H., Co. A, 5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. with company. 
Lord, Frank, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; Irans. to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Mosher, Marshall N., Co. C, 1st Inf; must. May 3, 1861. 
Moulton, Charies I., 6th Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Sept. 28, 1804. 
Moulton, Matthias, Co. A, loth Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to Co. K, 29th 

Inf, May 31, 1864. 
Moulton, Mathias, Co. B, 1st Bat. 10th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1861 ; trans, to Co. H. 
McPheo, John, corp., Co. F, ICtli Inf ; must. Aug. 14, 1862 ; pro. to sergt. ; taken 

prisoner, July 1, 1803; exchanged; killed in battle, April 1, 1865. 
Marr, William W., Co. K, 26tli Inf; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Martin, Joseph P., Co. D, 15th Inf; must. Dec. 23, 1861; pro. to Corp., 1806. 
Meseray, John, Co. K, 3d Inf.; must. Aug. 25, 1863; trans, to Navy, April 15, 

1864. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



443 



Merrilt, GenrKe H., Oo. A, Stii Inf. ; niust, Jiini' H, ISCl ; liuns. tci Navy, March 

21, 1862. 
Mayberry, Randall F., Co. G, loth Inf.; mnst. Nov. !.■>, ISUl; discli. Decpuihor, 

1864, with company. 
Martin, Marahall, Co. C, 32il Inf., veteran ; taken prisoner, Sept. 30, 1864; trans. 

to 31st Maine Regt. 
Nims, Edmund A„ Oo. D, 1st Bat. Inf. ; must. April 5, 180.5. 
Newell, Henry H., Co. A; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to Corp., .Inly 26; dii-d Nov. 

28, 1861. 
Paul, Frank, Co. F, IGth Inf ; must. Aug. 29, 1863; killed May 10, 1864. 
Patrick, Charles H., sergt., Co. A, 5th Inf.: must. June 1, 1861 ; died in Wasli- 

ington hospital, .June, 1864. 
Pike, William Q.,_Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1801 ; disch. Jan. 2, 1863. 
Parkhnrst, Alpheus C, corp., Co. 1, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. 1863. 
Powers, William, Co. I, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; died Jan. 11, 1863. 
Phillips, Ivory, Corp., Co. F, 26lh Inf. ; nui.st. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Phinney, James (2d), wagoner, Co. K, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Phinney, Frank, Co. K, 25th Inf.; nmst. Oct. 14, 1863. 
Parker, Winfleld S., 30th Inf. ; must. April 14, 1865 ; disch. May 19, 1865. 
Plummer, Rnssell C, Co. B, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 30, 1864. 
Pike, William I , Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861. 
Phinney, Edward B., Co. A ; must. June 24, 1861. 

Plummer, Bohert, Co. A, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to Corp., July 30, 
Qnigley, Michael, Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Oct. 27, 1864; disch. May 17,1865. 
Beed, George S., Co. A ; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to Corp., July 26. 
Bolfe, Emery, Co. A ; must. June 24, 1861. 
Rich, Thomas H., Co. G, 14th Inf.; must. Jan. S, 1862; detached to Signal 

Corps, 1863. 
Roberts, John H., Co. I, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; wounded Nov. 27, 1803. 
Roberts, Daniel L., Corp., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861. 
Bolfe, Daniel P., sergt,, Co. 1), Ijth Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861; ilisch. Sept. •», 

1863. 
Riggs, Charles F., 6th Bat. Mounted Art. ; mnst. Oct. 5, 1864. 
Rounds, Wm. H., Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. June 24,1801; discli. with company. 
Rice, Arthur, Co. K, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861. 
Spaulding, William H., Ist Mounted Art.; must. 1801. 
Smith, Edwin R., musician, Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Jan. 1, 1864. 
Smith, Silas M., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. July 20, 1863 ; died May 24, 1865. 
Small, Benjamin, Co. K, 31st Inf. ; must. May 6, 1864. 
Smith, James A., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; mnst. Nov. 16, 1861. 
Sturgis, Marshall C. corp., Oo. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861. 
Swett, Mark D., Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1861. 
Sturgis, William H., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 27, 1864, 

with company. 
Sturgis, William T., Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21. 1861. 
Stront, William E., Co. I, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to Corp.; disch. to 

join Corps d'Afriqne. 
Sweatt, Joseph S. K., Corp., Co. F, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; pro. to 1st 

sergt. ; disch. with company. 
Shaw, Carlyle W., Corp., Co. F, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with 

company. 
Spinney, John D., Co. K, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Sweatt, Joseph S. K., sergt., Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 9, 1864. 
Sweatt, George W., sergt., Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 9, 1864. 
Spaulding, William M., 1st Ba'. Mounted Art. ; must. Dec. 16, 1861. 
Shackleford, Theodore, Corp., Co. A, 5th Inf. ; mnst. June 24, 1861 ; disch. wilh 

company. 
Stackpole, Augustus J., Co. A, 5th Inf.; mnst, June 24, ISGl ; discli. with com- 
pany. 
Shaw, Chauncey M., Co. A, 61h Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. with company ; 

pro. to Corp. 
Sias, Horace, Co. A, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; missing Sept. 17, 1862. 
Stevens, John C, Co. C, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861. 
Smith, Frank W., Corp., Co. A; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 6, 1861. 
Speed, Frederick, Co. A, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to 2d lieut., Aug. 

27; res. Nov. 15, 1861. 
Suramersides, John C, coi-p., Co. A, 6th Inf.; must. June 24,1861; Ist sergt., 

July 28. 
Smith, David, musician, Co. A, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24; trans, to non-com, staff. 
Thomas, James, musician, Co. G, 16th Inf. ; must. Aug. 14, 1862. 
Twombly, Wilson M., Co. F, 2oth Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. wilh com- 
pany. 
Tyler, James E., Co. K, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 18B2. 
Wilson, Joel, Corp., Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1801. 
Wentworth, Horatio, Co. A, 5th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861. 
Wescott, William F., Co. A, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; made drnninior Co. 

A ; trans, to 1st Vet. Reserve. 
Williams, Charles, Co. F, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 7, 1861. 
Whittier, Edward N., sergt., 4th Mounted Art. ; must. Dec. 21, 1861. 
Wight, Joseph, Co. E, 6th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to 1st lieut.; disch. 

with company. 
Ward, William W., Co. F, lOth Inf. ; must. Aug. 14, 1862 ; died Oct. 20, 1803. 
Whitney, Alonzo M., Co. F, 16th Inf. ; must. Aug. 14, 1862; killed at Fredericks- 
burg, Dec. 13, 1862. 
Ward, Isaac, Co. F, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Wallace, John C, Co. K, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Warren, Henry A., Co. K, 25th Inf.; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862. 



Whitney, A. E., Co. K, 2.ith Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Wallace, John C, Co. I, 30lh Inf.; mnst. Jan. 6, 18G4,as a veteran. 
Willis, John E., sergt., 7lh Bat. Mounted An. ; must. Dec. 30, 1863. 
Ward. Charles M., Corp., Co. A, 6th Inf.; must. June 21, 1861 ; died of \ 
May 12, 1864, 

FOEEIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Adams, A. E., Rhode Island Haltery, 

Blake, Frank H,, 11th U, S. Inf. 

Cary, William H., 13th Mass, Inf, 

Gary, Samuel E,, 13th Mms. Inf. 

Cannell, Marshall, escort to Maj.-Gen, B, F. Butler. 

Conley, James B., U. S, Navy, 

Day, James H,, Mass. Regt. 

Dyer, Charles F., Mass. Begt. 

Estes, Albert S,, 13th Mass, Inf. 
Eslcs, Oliver D., 13th Mass. Inf. 
Howe, Warren, U. S. Anny. 
Jackson, Eliphnlet W., U. S. Army. 
Mann, James, paymaster, U, S, Army, 
Parkhurat, Alpheus C, 17th U, S, Inf, 
Phillips, James L,, — — . Mass. Begt. 

Stackpole, Theodore, N. T, Begt, 

Wormwood, Samuel P,, B. I, Regt, 

Watere, William G., Mass. Begt. 

Waterhouse, Horace F., Mass. Regt. 



GRAY. 

Allen, William, drnm-major, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 1, 1861 ; disch. Sept, 20, 1862. 

Adams, John, Co. K, 7lh Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861. 

Blake, Ozias G., Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 9, 1864; transferred. 

Benson, Edward, Co, K, 30th Inf,; must, Jan, 9, 1864; died Oct. 13, 1864. 

Benson, George W., Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 9, 1864 ; died Sept. 0, 1864. 

Brackeft, Thomas, Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10,1861; re-eni. Fob, 29, 1864; 

disch, with company, Jan. 6, 1865. 
Burgess, John F., Co. B, 17th Inf.; must. Feb. 22, 1864 ; trans, from 2d U.S. 

Sharpshooters. 
Cobb, Charles G., Co. H,llth Inf.; must Nov. 12,1861. 
Colley, William H., Co. B, loth Inf, ; must, Oct. 4, 1861 ; pro. to sergt. 
CoIU-y, Charles H., sergt., Co. B, 10th Inf.; nmst Oct. 4, 1861. 
Cnmmings, Samuel P., sergt, Co, C, 26th Inf.; must Sept. 29, 1862; pru. to 

sergt.-maj,, Jan. 1, 1863. 
Cobb, Sylvester B,, Co, C, 25th Inf, ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Carey, Gustavns N., Co. K, 30th Inf. ; mnst. Jan, 9, 1864; died July 18, 1864. 
Colley, Orrin B., Co. C, 31st Inf,; nmst, March 23, 1864; disch, July 9, 1865. 
Colley, Albert F,, Co, B, loth Inf, ; must. Aug. 23, 1862; trans. 1803. 
Dill, Daniel M,, corp,, Co. H, 11th Inf. ; must Nov. 12, 1861 ; pro. to capt. and 

trans. 1863, 
Dill, William H., Co. H, 11th Inf. ; must Nov. 12, 1861. 
Douglity, Joseph W., Co. C, 25th Inf.; nmst Sept. 29, 1862; trans, to brigade 

band, Jan. 7, 1866. 
Doughty, Daniel, Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must Sept 29, 1862 ; disch. with compaay. 
Douglily, Albert H., Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must Sept 29, 1862; pro. to Corp.; disch. 

with company. 
Dolley, Daniel H., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Dickey, William L,, Co, C, 25th Inf, ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com|)aiiy. 
Dickey, William C, Corp., Co. C. 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; pro. lo sergt. ; 

disch. with company. 
Dolley, Jeremiah P., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must Ang. 18, 1862; died April 14, 1863. 
Duran, Bulus, Corp., Co. G,, 5th Inf, ; uuist. June 23, 1861. 
Dolley, Thomas W., Corp., Co. K, 3uth Inf. ; must. Jan, 9, 1864 ; wounded April 

9; disch, Nov, 22, 1804. 
Dickey, William L., 1st sergt., Co. C, .30th Vet. Inf. ; must Dec. 19, 1863 ; disch. 

with company. 
Davis, William S., Co. C, 31st Inf.; nmst. March. 23, 1864; wounded May 12; 

disch. Nov. 29, 1864. 
Evans, Eleazor, Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Foster, James D,, corp,, Co. G, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 31, 1861. 
Foster, John A., Co. D, 16lh Inf.; must Ang. 14,1862; missing July 1,1863; 

disch. Seiitemher, 1864. 
Frank, John W,, Co, C, 25th Inf,; must Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Ferguson, Nathan, Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 9, 1864; disch. April 18, 1864. 
Foster, Levi S,, Co, K, 3(Jth Inf, ; must Jan. 9, 1864 ; trans, to Co. F. 
Foster Samuel II,, &., K, 30lh Inf. ; must Jan. 9, 1864; trans, to Co, F. 
Farwell, James E„ Co, D, loth Inf, ; nmst, March 7, 1865 ; died Oct 22, 1866. 
Gilbert, George, Co, I, loth Inf, ; must, Oct, 4, 1861. 
Goff, Lindsay 0., Co. C, 8Ch Inf.; nmst Sept. 7, 1861, 
Goodeuow, Charles, Co, A, nth Inf,; must. Aug. 18, 1S02; wounded Nov. 27, 

1863 ; disch. with com|mny. 
Goff, Lnci.i« S., Co. E, 17lh Inf. ; must. Ang. 18, 1862 ; wounded at Gettysburg ; 

trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Gore, William 11., Co. E, 17lh Inf.; must. Aug. IS, 1862; pro. to corp. and 

sergt.; disch. with con\i>any. 
Goff, Joseph H., Corp., Co. C, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 



444 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



fioff, Joseph, Co. C, 3l8t Inf.; must. March j;!, ISW; pro. tuiorp. ami •iorgt.; 
disch. with compiui.v. 

Goff, Elias F., Co. I, 12th Inf.; must. March 1", 18C5. 

Goff, Liiulsey A., Co. B, l«t Inf. ; mn8t. May ;i, 1«61. 

Hodgkins, James, Co. E, l;ith Inf. ; mnst. Doc. 10, 1801. 

Hodgkins, Jonas R., Co. K, 30th Inf.; must . Jan. 9, 1804 ; transferred. 

Hodgkin, James, Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Doc. 10, 1801 ; re-enl. Feh. 29, 1864. 

Hodgkin, Whitman, Co. E, 13th Inf ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; died Dec. 17, 1863. 

Haines, John C, Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. March 1, 1865. 

Haines, Charles D., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. March 1,1805. 

Herrick, Groenleaf C, Co. K, lOlh Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; died Dec. 22, 1801, 
at Relay House, Md. 

King, Joseph P., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 18G1. 

Lawrence, Luther, Co. H, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 12, 18C1. 

Latham. Porter, Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Latham, Otis L., musician, Co. C, 25th luf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; discli. with 
company. 

Lane, Alvin A., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; discb. with company. 

Legrow, Edwiu, Co. C, 25th Inf.; uiust. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Leighton, Joshua D., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. witli com- 
pany. 

Libby, Woodbury S., Co. C, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; trans, to brigade 
band, Jan. 27, 1863. 

Legrow, Edwin, Co. C, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 19, 1863 ; died May 17, 1864. 

Libby, Isaac II., Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 9, 1864; transferred. 

Mayberry, Thomas J., Co. K, 30tli Inf.; must. Jan. 9,1864; taken prisoner, April 
9, 1864. 

Mayberry, Daniel, Jr., Co. K, 3(ith Inf.; must. Jan. 9, 1864 ; died of wounds, 
April 30, 1864. 

May, Rufus L., Co. K, 30tb Inf. ; must. Jan. 9, 1864. 

Marr, Edward A., Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 9, 1864 

Maxwell, Moses, Co. C, 2oth Inf. must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Mayberry, Charles T., Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Nash, James, Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; discli. with company. 

Nash , James, Corp., Co. K, 30th luf ; must. .Ian. 9, 1864 ; transferred. 

Nash, Daniel, wagoner, Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 9, 1864; transferred. 

Nash, Joshua M., Co. C, 31st Inf ; nuist. March 23, 1864; disch. with company. 

Orne, Charles L., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. with company. 

Peunell, William H., Co. B, Ist luf. ; must. May 3, 1861 ; disch. Jan. 8, 1863. 

Perley, Roscoe, Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. ; disch. with 
company. 

must. Nov. 12, 1801. 
nust. Nov. 12,1861; re-enl. Jan. 16,1864: 



Ramsdell, Seth A., Co. H, 11th Inf. ; 
Ricker, Melville, Co. H, 11th Inf.; i 

pro. to Corp., July 13, 1805. 
Roberts, Cassins C, Co. I, loth Inf. ; 

2d lieut. in Corps d'Afiique 



. to Corp., 1862, and 



; must. Oct. 4, 1861; 
1 1863. 

Russell, Hiram, Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Russ, George E., Co. E, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Simpson, Lewis A., Co. E, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; killed May 6, 1864. 
Simpson, Henry C, sergt., Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; pro to 2d lieut. 
Smith, John, Corp., Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Simpson, Samuel F., Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Skillin, Thomas J., Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Small, Edmund B., Co. C, 26th Inl.; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch.with company. 
Staples, David H., Co. C, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Sawyer, John D., Co. C, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Simpson, Samuel F., Corp., Co. C, 30th Inf. ; pi-o. to sergt. ; disch. with company. 
Snow, Joshua S., sergt., Co. I, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 9,1864; disch.with com- 
pany. 
Smith, Daniel N., Co. 1, 12th Inf.; must. March 17, 1806. 
Stiles, Stephen, Co. H, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 12, 1861 ; disch. Dec. 26, 1862. 
Sibley, Henry C, Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. June 23, 1861. 
Simpson, William R., Corp., Co. 1, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Thompson, James M., Co. I, Ist Inf ; must. May 3, 1861. 
Turner, Charles E., Co. G, 5lh Inf.; must. June 23, 1801. 
Thompson, Augustus T., Co. H, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 12, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 18, 

1863, with company. 

Thompson, James M., sergt., Co. H, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 12, 1861 ; pro. 2d lieut.. 
May 1, 1863. 

Thompson, Charles H., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to. corp.; 
disch. with company. 

Turner, Josiah M., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died Feh. 24, 1863. 

Thayer, Frank W., Co. C, 25tli Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Thayer, Frank W., Co. C, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 19, 1863; disch. Aug. 28, 1865. 

Van Buskirk, Charles, Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; pro. to Corp.; disch. 
with company. 

Whitlen, Lorenzo D., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

White, James L., Co. C, 3Utli Inf. ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; died of wounds, Aug. 4, 

1864, in hands of the enemy. 

Webster, Armstrong, Corp., Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 0, 1S04 ; died June 17, 

1804. 
White, John L., Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. U, 1864 ; died June 6, 1864. 
Whitten, James K. P., Co. C, 31st Inf. ; must. March 23, 18C4 ; died in rebel 

prison, Aug. 1864. 
Wasliburn, Edwin J., Co. B, 12th Inf. ; must. Aug. 30, 1862. 



FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Anders.. 11, Jolin ll., 1st M .■b..Ui l!atl.-iy. 

An.lerson, Wemlall A., cadet, U. S. Navy. 

Hunt, Edwin F., 112th Illinois Vols.; enl, August, 1801 ; .Irownod in Clinch 

River, East Tennessee. 
Tuttle, Daniel Y., I9tli Mass. Inf. 
Wood, Henry, U. S. Army. 



HARPSWELL. 

Alexander, Andrew D., private, Co. K, 20th Regt.; enl. Aug. 29, 1862 ; wounded 
May 5, 1864 : discharged. 

Allen, Joseph, private, Co. D, 8th Regt. ; enl. Oct. 8, 1863 ; must, out Jan. IS, 
1866. 

Aiken, Edmund, U. S. Navy, enl. Sept. 5, 1864; three years' substitute. 

Ahrens, William, V. S. Navy ; enl. Sept. 16, 1864 ; three years' substitute. 

Brown, Thomas, private, Co. A, 1st Vets. ; enl. Jan. 4, 1866 ; must, out June 28, 
1865. 

Blake, Peter, U. S. Navy ; enl. Sept. 10, 1864; three years' substitute. 

Coffin, John P., U. S. Navy ; enl. 1862. 

Coffin, Edmund, U. S. Navy ; enl. 1862 ; re-enl. Sept. 16, 1864, for two yeare. 

Coombs, William, private, Co. D, 26th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 29, 1862; must, out 
July 10, 1863. 

Curtis, Clement S., private, Co. D, 25th Regt.; enl. Sept. 29,1862; must, out 
July 10, 1863. 

Curtis, Oliver G, private, Co. F, 17th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to Corp.; 
wounded ; must, out June 4, 1865. 

Catlin, William H., private, Co. K, 20th Regt; enl. Aug. 28, 1862. 

Courson, David U., private, Co. K, 20th Regt.; enl. Aug. 28, 1862; died in rebel 
prison, Sept. 9, 1864. 

Curtis, Stephen P., private, Co. K, 20th Regt.; enl. Aug. 29, 1862 ; disch. in 1.8('4. 

Card, George W., private, Co. D, 26th Regt.; enl. Sept. 29, 1862; must, out July 
10, 1863. 

Cole, Robert, private, Co. D, 26th Kegt.; enl. Sept. 29, 1862; must, out July, 
10, 1863. 

Coombs, Joseph E., private, Co. D, 25th Regt.; enl. Seiit. 29, 1862 ; pro. to Corp.; 
must, out July 10, 1863. 

Dresser, Gilman L., H. S. Navy; enl. 1802. 

Eastman, John R., U. S. Navy ; enl. 1802. 

Field, Seward, private, Co. K, 20th Regt. ; eul. Aug. 29,1802; wounde.l at Fred- 
ericksburg; disch. March 14, 1863. 

Getchell, William H., private, Co. G, 20th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 29, 1862 ; disch. by 
Order No. 94. 

Gray, Edward, private, Co. F, 16th Regt. ; enl. March 7, 1865 ; disch. by order, 
Oct. 16, 1805. 

Green, Albert, U. S. Navy enl. Feb. 23, 1865; three years' substitute. 

Holbrook, Israel, V. S. Navy; enl. 1862. 

llolbi ook, James R., U. S. Navy ; enl. 1862. 

Johnson, James I., private, Co. D, 25tli Regt. ; enl. Se|it. 29, 1862; must. out July 
10, 1803. 

Leavitt, Abijah, private, Co. D, 3d Eegt.; enl. June 4,1861; diach. for disa- 
bility, Nov. 23, 1862. 

Leenian, Thomas C, private, Co. D, 26th Regt. ; eul. Sept. 29, 1862 ; must, out 
July 10, 1863. 

McFarland, F. W., private, Co. K, 20th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 29, 1862. 

Matthews, .loseph, private, Co. D, 25th Regt.; eul. Aug. 29, 1862; not accounted 
for on muster-out rolls. 

Merriman, Hugh, private, Co. D, 26th Regt. ; onl. Aug. 29, 1802 ; must, out 
Jiily 10, 1803. 

Merriman, James, private, Co. D, 25th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 29, 1862 ; must, out .Inly 
10, 1803. 

McCarthy, Dennis, iirivate, Co. F, 16th Regt.; enl. March 9,1865; must, out 
July 5, 1866. 

Mann, Solomon W., U. S. Navy ; enl. 1862. 

Newton, William F., private, Co. K, 20th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 29, 1862 ; wounded 
Sept. 30, 1864 ; discharged. 

Pennell, Williaui B., private, Co, K, 20th Regt.; enl. Aug. 29, 1862; accident- 
ally killed, Feb. '25, 1864. 

Pennell, David, 1st lieut., Co. D, 26th Regt. ; enl. Sept 29, 1862; must, out July 
10, 1S63. 

Pettigrew, Andrew W., private, Co. D, 26th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 29, 1802 ; died Feb. 
8, ISRi. 

Purinton, Woodbury S., U. S. Navy ; eul. 1862. 

Robinson, Thomas, U. S. Navy ; enl. Feb. 2:), 1865 ; three years' substitute. 

Russell, Charles Edward, private, Co. B, 9lh Regt.; enl. Sept. 22, 1861 ; re-en- 
listed ; wounded May 18, 1864: disch. by order, Aug. 9, 1805. 

Randall, George L., Corp., Co. D, 25lh Regt. ; enl. Sept. 29, 1862 ; must, out July 
10, 1863. 

Ridley, Isaac M., private, Co. D, 26th Regt. ; enl. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. for dis- 
ability, Jan. 12, 186:). 

Russell, George G., private, Co. E, 3d Regt. ; enl. Nov. 13, 1801 ; trans, to 17tli 
Maine ; disch. A|iril 7, 1865. 

Rogers, Frank H., private, Co. G, 17th Regt.; enl. Feb. 28, 1865; must, out 
June 4. 1866. 

Russell, Henry, private, Co. F, 15lh Begt ; enl. May 14, 1865; must, out July 
5, 1866. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



445 



Roderick, Antonio, privute, Co. G, 15tli Regl.; pnl. Fel.. 1, IRli.i; dipil Aug. 26, 
1865. 

Southard, Joel, private, Co. K, iiOth Regt. ; enl. Aug. 29, 1862 ; disch. in 1804. 

Southard, JattieB, private, Co. D, 25tli Regt. ; enl. Sept. 29, 1862 ; must, out July 
10, 186.!. 

Shea, John, private, Co. F, 15th Regt.; enl. March 9, 1865. 

Sawyer, John, U. S. Navy; enl. 1862. 

Smith, James C, V. S. Navy ; enl. Sept. 16, 1864 ; two years' volunteer. 

Slieridan, Philip, U. S. Navy; enl. Sept. 10, 1864; three years' substitute. 

Smith, Henry, U. S. Navy; enl. Sept. 16,1864; three years' substitute. 

Thomas, Benjamin C, private, Co. D, 26th Regt.; enl. Sept. 29, 1862; must, out 
July 10, 1863. 

Wilson, Edmund, sergt., Co. K, 20th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 29, 18G2 ; disch. for disa- 
bility, Feb. 16, 186:i. 

Worthington, William A., private, Co. K, 20th Regt. ; enl. Aug. 29, 1862; disch. 
in 1864 or 1865. 

Watson, James F., D. S. Navy ; enl. Feb. 27, 1865 ; three years' substitute. 



HARRISON. 



b Inf.; must. June 24, 1861. 
. G,29lh Inf. ; must. Dec. 10,186:1; died June 3, 1864. 
IStli Inf.; must. Dec. 18, 1861; pro. to sergt.; died 



; must. Aug. 18, 1862; killed at Get- 
must. Aug. 18, 1S62; pro. to Corp.; 



Bucknell, Cbn 
Bicknell, Ichabod, Co, 
Barrows, William, Co. 

Dec. 30, 1864. 
Barrows, George, Corp., Co. H, 17th Inf. 

tysburg. 
Brackett, Horace N., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; 

wounded May 6, 1864; disch. April 1 
Bumhnm, John, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died Jan. 15, 1863. 
Backett, Levis G., Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. l9, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
- Brackett, Llewellyn K., Co. 1, 12th Inf. ; must. March 17, 1865. 

Cummings, George H., sergt., Co. D, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. June 

17,1862. 
Carsley, George F., Co. D, 16th Inf.; must. Dec. 13, 1861; disch. in 1802. 
Cotter, Patrick, Co. C, 15th Inf. ; must. March 1, 1865. 
Devine, John A., Co. F, 17th Inf. ; must. Sept. 1, 1863. 
Edwards, Clark S., Co. K,23d Inf.; must. Oct. 10, 1862 ; died Dec. 9, 1S62. 
Eastman, John C, Co. B, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. B, 1864; died Felp. 23, 1864. 
Edson, Charles H., Co.G, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861. 
Emerson, William, Co. B, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Emerson, William, Co. H, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 12, 1861. 
Edwards, J. McClellan, Co. G, 14th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1861. 
Foley, John W., sergt., Co. G, 14th Inf. ; must. Dec. 12, 1861. 
Freeborn, Frank H., Co. H, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 12, 1861. 
Green, William H., Co. G, 29th Inf.; must. Dec. 16, 1863; died May 30, 1864. 
Gilky, Edward K., Corp., Co. D, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; died Jan. 7, 1862. 
Gray, Charles H., Co. G, 29lh Inf.; must. Dec. 16, 1863. 
Haskell, Merrill W., wagoner, Co. G, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; detached 

in 1863. 
Harmon, Joseph P., Co. K, 5th Inf.; must. June "24, 1801 ; dropped from rolls 

in 1802. 
Howarth, Alexander, Co. H, 2d Car.; must. Sept. 27, 1864. 
Foley, John W., Co. B, 14th Inf ; must. Jan. 1, 1804. 
Hill, Joseph, Co. I, 12th luf. ; must. March 17, 1865 ; pro. to corp. 
Haskell, George A., Co. B, 31st Inf.; must. March 10, 1864. 
Hall, Luther E., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. July 3, 1865. 
Haskell, Daniel W., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862; detached for provost- 
guard in 1863 ; killed Oct. 7 , 1864. 
Hill, George B., Co. I, 10th Int.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. March 10, 1863. 
Hill, Benjamin L., Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Harmon, William S., nmsician, Co. U, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 14, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 

2, 1863. 
Harrington, William H., musician, Co. K, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 14, 1861 ; disch. 

Nov. 2, 1803. 
Hamlin, Rufus K., Co. 1, 12tli Inf. ; must March 17, 1865. 
Harrington, William H., sergt., Co. G, 29th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1803; pro. to 

capt. ; transferred. 
Harmon, John A., Co. G, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1801. 
Hanson, Horace F., Co. G, 2d Inf. ; must. May 28, 1862 ; pro. to corp. in 1862. 
Illsley, Charles E,, Co. A, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
Jordan, Peter, Co. G, 29th Inf. ; must. Dec. 16, 1863 ; detached in 1864. 
Jordan, Peter, Co. 1, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; detached i 
Keene, James L.. Co. D, 15th luf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disci 

27th Co. Inf., April 6, 1865. 
Keene, Moses M., Co. D, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disci 

27th Co. Inf., April 6, 1865. 
Kueeland, Chas. C, Co. D, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. May 22, 1861. 
Kilburn, Andrew W., Co. G, 29th Inf.; must. Dec. lb, 1863; died May 12, 1864. 
Keene, Setli M., Co. 1, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; pro. to Corp., 1862. 
Kneeland, Ira A., Co. H, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Kneehmd, Ezra, Co. H, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 24, 1864; died May 19, 1864. 
Lewis, Clark, Co. D, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; pro. to corp. and sergt. ; 

re-enl. Jan. 25, 1864. 
Lewis, Henry W., Co. B, ■23d Inf. ; muat. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Libby, Alfred, Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 



1 1803. 
. 1801 ; 



. 1801; 



Littlofield, John S., Co. B, 29tli Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 18M; trans, I.. Vet. B.-». 
Corps, 1865. 

McAllister, Co. B, 29th Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1804 ; pro. to corp. 

Mathews, Albert L., Co. I, 12th Inf.; must. March 17,1805; diech. June 26 
1805. 

Morrow, Lorenzo, Co. E, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Newcomb, Elea/.er, Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

O'Connell, Henry, Co. H, •2d Cav.; must. Sept. 30, 1864. 

Potter, Cliarivs H., Co. A, 3l8t Inf.; must. May 3, 1864; disch. June 12, 1885. 

Heriey, David F., Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29. 1802; disch. Dec. 13, 1862. 

Pierce, Frederick R., musician, Co. F, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1801. 

Pike, William H., Co. G, lOtli Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; taken prisoner at Win- 
chester, Va.; died at Lynchburg, in 1862. 

Riley, Reuben M., Corp., Co. C, 10th Inf.; mnst. Oct. 5,1801. 

Ryan, Thomas, Co. M, 2d Cav. ; nmst. Sept. 27, 1803. 

Russell, Perry, 7th Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Sept. 6, 1864. 

Rogers, Joseph B., Co. C, 3l8t Inf.; must. March 2:1, 1864. 

Rogers, Cyrus L., Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Rowe, Alfred H., Co. B, ■23d Inf ; must. Oct. 13, 1862; disch. with company. 

Rowe, Asbury T., Co. B, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; pro. to corp.; disch. with 
company. 

Kowe, Charles A., Co. E, 20lli Inf. ; must. Oct. 7, 1864 ; disch. July 16, 1865, 

Stone, William, Co. C, 15th Inf. ; must. Feb. 6, 1864. 

Stcler, Silas B., Co. G, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15. 1801. 

Staler, William H., Co. G, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1801. 

Smith, Francis, Co. F, 20lh Inf. ; must. Oct. 6, 1864 ; disch. 1866. 

Smith, John M., Co. D, 15th Inf. ; nmst. Jan. 31, 1862. 

Scribner, Bourdon, Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; killed, Nov. 27, 1863. 

Stiles, Stephen W., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; died, Jan. 15, 1863. 

Stuart, Wentworth, Co. II, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. April 2, 1863. 

Sampson, Edward, wagoner, Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; pro. to sergt. 
1803. 

Scribner, Eri, Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Stanley, Benjamin, Co. G, 'igth Inf. ; must. Dec. 16, 1863; drowne<l, 1864. 

Spears, Samuel, Co. B, 29th Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864. 

Spears, Aaron, Co. B, 29th Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864. 

Seavey, Nathaniel H., corp., Co. D, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Sealaud, Stephen S., Co. B, 10th Inf. ; must. Jan. 5, 1864; disch. 1805, with com- 
pany. 

Tibbetts, Marshall S., Co. B, 23a Inf. ; must. Sept. 20, 1863 ; disch. April 22, 1864. 

Watker, Franklin (M), Co. B, 23d Inf. ; must. Sept. -29, 1862 ; disch. with comp. 

Witham, Moses, Co. B, 23d.Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. Feb. 24, 1863. 

Whitney, Theodore, Co. G, 29th Inf. ; must. Dec. 16, 1863 ; disch. with company. 

Woodsum, Silas B., Corp., Co. G, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15. 1861 ; died Aug. 22, '63. 

Wood, Daniel, Co. F, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 7, 1801. 

Wetherby, William, Co. B, Bat. loth Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802; trans. 1864. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Burnham, Sumner, must. 104th Illinois Inf. 
Fogg, James A., 2d New York Regt. 
Howard, Brazilla P., 8th "Vei-mont Inf. 
Thomas, Mellin, 2d Wisconsin Vols. 
Woodsum, John E., 8th Vermont Inf. 
Smith, Jubn M., V. S. Navy. 



NAPLES. 



Sept. 20, 1862; disch. 



ilh 



onipany. 



Archabald, John, Co. A, 26tli Inf.; 

July 10, 1863. 
Ayers, George W., Co. C. 4th Inf. ; dieO in hospital, July 15, 1864. 
Archabald, John, Co. G, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1864; taken prisoner at Fair 

Oaks ; died at Eiclimoiid, Va., Fob. 28, 1865. 
Ballard, .Samuel F., Co. I, 10th Inf. ; must. Aug. 11, 1862 ; traus. 1863. 
Berry, James, Co. C, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Burnett, Sanmel E., Co. I, 8th Ijif.; must. Aug. 16, 1862. 
Brackett, Samuel L., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; wounded May 16, 

1864; disch. with company. 
Brackett, Daniel, Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. '29, 1862: died June '20, 1864. 
Bennett, George, Co. C, 2d Inf. ; died Juno 20, 1864. 
Bartlett, Isaac H., Co. 1, 8th Inf.; must. Aug. 27, 1862; killed in battle at Drury's 

Bluff, 1804. 
Berry, Richard, Co. C, 3Uth Inf. ; must Doc. 19, 1863. 
Blenuerville, John, 1st Maine Cav. 

Blake, Charles A., Co. C, 2d Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1803; died June 16. I,sr4. 
Bodge, George M., musician. 

Bennett, Joseph V., Co. C, 2d Cav. ; must Dec. 21, 1863. 
Barker, Walter E., Co. C. 30t1i Inf. ; must. Dec. 19, 1863. 
Brackett, Albert A., Ist District of Columbia Cav. ; must. Jan. iJ?, 1S64. 
Brown, Daniel B., must Oct. 7, 1864. 
Chaplin, Cyrus, Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded; disch. May 9, 

1865. 
Cash, Nathaniel, Co. E, 10th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 18Gt ; trons. 1804. 
Chute, Watson, Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must Sept '29, 1862; pro. to sergt. : dUcli. with 

company. 
Chaplin, Alonzo C, Co. A, 25tli Inf. ; must Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Chaplin, Henry J., Co. C, 13th Inf. ; died Oct 16, 1865. 



446 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Chute, Kdward 1'., (Jo. I, imh I nf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; ilioil .lunu la, IxrA. 

tk)le, Coryilon C, Co. K, 17tli Inf. ; iiiuBt. Oct. (i, 1HC4 ; transferred. 

Colo, C^hurlos C, Vm. E, 17th Inf.; must. Oct. 6, 1864; transferred. 

Caimoll, John S., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Oct. 6, 1K64; transferred. 

Crowley, .loliu, must. Nov. 21, 1S64. 

Clark, Charles, must. Nov. 29, 1864. 

Cox, George, must. Jan. 3, 1S66. 

Choat, Charles, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Chaplin, John, Co. E, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; disch. with conipauj. 

Chaplin, Ilenry, Co. F, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 29, 1863. 

Cole, Wyman L., Co. — , 9th Inf. ; must. Oct. 6, 1864. 

Cillea, John, Co. B, 17th luf. ; must. Oct. 8, 1864; disch. 1864. 

Dury, Lewis M., Co. C, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 18G2. 

Davis, William, Co. K, 29th Inf.; must. Nov. W, 1864; died at New Orleans, Jan. 

2:!, 1866. 
Dunscomb, Peter, nuist. Oct. 4, 1804. 
Davis, Joseph M., must. Oct. 1, 1863. 
Foster, Charles W., — Bat., Ist Art. ; nmst. Oct. 6, 1864. 
Fries, George, must. Dec. 6, 1864. 
Furhish, George VV., must. Oct. 18, 1864. 
Goodrich, Lewis G., Co. 1, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. IS, 1862. 

Goodiicli, William W., Co. C, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. witli conip. 
Green, John W., Co. E, 12th Inf. ; died Aug. 23, 1865. 
Gammon, William, Co. P, 8th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1864. 
Gallager, Jeremiali, must. Nov. 12, 1864. 
Gray, Richard, must. Nov. 15, 1864. 
Gammon, Thomas J., Co. C, 25tJi Inf. ; must. Oct. 1, 1862 ; pro. to coi-p. ; disch. 

with company. 
Hoyt, George, Co. 0, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; died at Washington, D. I '. 
Ha.seltine, John, Co. A, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Hall, Albert E., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; pro. to sergt. and to 1st 

sergt. ; disch. with company. 
Hall, Daniel E., Co. C, 29th Inf.; must. Dec. 17, 1863; taken prisoner at New 

Orleans, April 9, 1864. 
Hoyt, George W,, Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; died Feb. 20, 1863. 
Hill, George W., Co. H, 8th Inf. ; must. April 24, 1804 ; died Feb. 5, 1865. 
llurshell, John, must. Dec. 15, 1804. 
Hill, Lorenzo D, 3d Art. ; must. Jan. 4, 1864. 

Hatcli, Henry C, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; discli. with company. 
Harmon, Frederick J., must. Sept. 29, 1804. 
Hardy, Sidney, Co. C, 9th Inf. ; died July 21, 1804. 
Humphrey, Henry P., 3d Art. ; must. Jan. 4, 1804. 

Hill, Appleton T., Co. I, lOtli Inf. ; nmst. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. with company. 
Hill, Francis J., Co. 1, 10th Inf. ; nmst. Oct. 4, 1801 ; disch. with company. 
Jackson, Almon, must. April 14, 1865 ; died at Augusta, Ga., May 20, 1865. 
Jones, William, must. Dec. 1, 1864. 
Johnson, Peter H., must. Dec. 3, 1864. 
Jackson, Robert H., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1863; died at Mt. Pleasant, 

Aug. 4, 1864. 
Johnson, Thomas, must. Oct. 11, 1864. 

Knapp, Joseph P., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with compan.v. 
Knapp, Joseph, Co. I, lotli Inf. 

Knapp, Joseph P., Co. G, 8th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1865. 
Lakin, Benjamin C, Co. I, Inth Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; killed at Boonsbor- 

ough, Sept. 22, 1862. 
Libby, Frank B., Co. C, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Lord, Curtis J., Co. C, 26tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Lawler, William, must. Dec. 1, 1804. 
Mellen, Green, musician, Co. E, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. May, 

1863. 
Maybcrry, Enoch, Co. C, 17tb Itif. ; must. Aug. Ill, 1802; killed iit Petersburg, 

Va., Oct. 11, 1804. 
Miller, Charles, must. Nov. 16, 1804. 
Matching, George, 17th Inf. 
Marsh, John W., must. Sept. 4, 1863. 

Moody, Charles II., Co. F, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; died Aug. 23, 1804. 
Morey, George M., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 12, 1864. 
Morris, John, must. Oct. 18, 1804. 
McCarthy, John, must. Oct. 19, 1864. 

Maxtiold, Josiah C, Co. E, lOlh Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; disi li. willi company. 
Paul, Calvin, must. April 14, 1806. 

Plummer, Daniel, Co. D, loth Inf. ; killed at South Mountain, Md., Aug. 0, 1802. 
Proctor, David, Oct. 4, 1804. 

Plummer, Samuel M., Co. K, 9lh Inf.; nmst. Dec. 31, 1803. 
Quimby, Marshall, Co. E, 131h Inf.; dioil July 17, 1864. 
Quimby, Orrin, Co. F, loth Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; died June 14, 1804. 
Rogers, Wilson D., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Oct. 1. 1802; pro. to corp. ; disch. 

with company. 
Richardson, John M., Co. C, 30tli Inf. ; must. Dec. 29, 1803. 
Robinson, Jolm, Co. V, 30th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863. 
Randall, James, nmst. Oct. 11, 1864. 

Shaw, John F., Co. I, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. 12, 1862; died Sept. 22, 1862. 
Sanborn, David, Co. A, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Stevens, James E., Co. E, loth Inf. ; nmst. Oct. 4, 1801 ; disch. with company. 
Staples, Charles M., Ist Heavy Ai-t.; nmst. Jan. 4, 1864. 
Tappan, George W., must. Doc, 13, 1864. 
Treadwell, Nathan, wounded ; discharged; re-enl. in Massachusetts. 



Wood, Charles, Co. C, 17tli Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died Jan, VS. 1S6:1, 

Wetherbee, William, Co. I, Kith Inf, ; must. Aug. 12, 1862. 

Walker, Frcelon, Co. C, 26tli Inf.; mu-t. Sejit. 27, IS62; disch, with company; 

re-enl. in 8th Inf., Sept. 21, 1864; disch, with company. 
Walker, Elliot B., Co. B, 261h Inf.; must. Sepl. 29, 1862; pro. to Corp.; disch. 

with company ; re-enl. Oct. 4, 1864, in 2d Art. 
Willard, Evat, Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862, 
Wetherbee, William H., Co. D, 29th Inf.; muot. Aug. 12,1802; killed at Cedar 

Creek, Oct. 19,1864. 
Wood, Frederick, Co. H, 20th Inf.; died June 12, 1806. 
Woodward, Solomon, must. Oct, 7, 1804. 
Wetherbee, Charles F., Co. P, 8tli Inf.; must, Sept. 21, 1804. 
Weymouth, Richard, must. Dec. 1, 1864. 
White, Charles, must. Sejit. 4, 1863. 

Willard, Evat, Co. C, 30lh Inf. ; must. Dec. I'.l, 1S0:1 ; died Aug. 22, 1805. 
Wilkins, Charles B., must. Sept. 30,1864. 
Whitney, Henry C, Co. E., loth Inf.; must. Oct, 4, 1801 ; disch, with company, 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS 

Clark, Orrin, Pennsylvania Volunteers, 

Davis, John F., Massachusetts. 

Hardy, Charles A., 2d District of Columbia Vols. 

Hall, Eben, P., lient., 1st Connecticut Heavy Art.; killed at Petersburg, Va. 



NEW GLOUCESTER. 

Averill, James II., Co. E. 3d Inf.; must. Aug, 26, 1803; disch, April 14, 1804. 

Atkins, Wallace P., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company, 
July 20, 1863. 

Allison, William, Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 3, 1864 ; disch. with company, July 
13, 1866. 

.\llen, Ilenry C, Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1861. 

Burgess, Clark P., Co, B, 9th Inf,; must. Oct. 4, 1864 ; disch. 1866. 

Bailey, Tillisfor, sergt., Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany; re-enl. in Co. K, 30th Inf., Jan. 9, 1804; died March 21, 1804. 

Blake, William E., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company, 

Butler, Edward C, Co, I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; trans, to 22d Maine 
Inf. 

Cnmmings, Charles H., Co. H, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 12, 1861; pro. to sergt. ; 
disch. July 12,1805. 

Carney, Joseph, Co. C, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 5, 1861 ; re-enlisted ; pro. to Corp. ; 
re-enl. Jan. 9, 1804; wounded Oct. 7, 1864. 

Cunningham,John, Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 

Davis, Adomiram A,, Co. D, 15th Inf.; must, Dec. 10, 1861. 

Danes, Alvin, Co, H, 10th Inf, ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Davis, Leander F., Co. C, 17tli Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. Jan. 29, 1864. 

Dunn, Chester J., drummer, Co. C, ITtli Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded 
May 5 ; died May 20, 1864. 

Fiebl, George D., corp., Co. 1, 12th Inf. ; must, March 7, 1865 ; detaclieil ; re-enl, 
March 17, 1805, in Co. 1, 12th Inf. 

Fields, Horace N,, C.i. G, 5lh Inf. ; must. June 24, 1801. 

Fogg, John S., Co. 11, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 12,1861 ; pro. t.. Corp.; disch. March 
18, 1864. 

Fogg, John S., 1st sergl., Co. I, 12th Inf.; must. March 17, 1805. 

Fogg, Charles N., Co. I, 12tli Inf. ; must. May 7, 1806. 

Fairfield, Payson E., Co. K, 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 16, 1861. 

Greely, Robert P. M., Co. I, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Gowell, William C, Co. I, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Gower, Francis L., Co. H, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 12, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 18, 1804. 

Gower, Francis G., Co. I, 12th Inf, ; must. March 17, 1805. 

Green, George A., Co. II, loth Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; pro. to sergt., Co. E, 13th 
Inf., 1863. 

Gould, Elijah G., Co. K, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Green, George A., Co. II, 13th Inf.; must, as 2d lieul. July 1, 1804. 

Gould, .Anthony B., Co. H, 6th Inf.; must. June 24, 1801. 

Hibbard, Orrin B.,Co.I,llth Inf.; must. Aug. 16,1862; disch. by order of June 
5, 1866. 

Hammond, Josojih P., Co. D, 32<l Inf. ; must. Nov. 10, 1864; pro. to capt.; re- 
signed. 

Haggett, Sullivan H., Co. 1, 25th Inf.; must. Oct. 6, 1862; disch. with company. 

Higgins, George S., O1, 1, 2oth Inf. ; must. Oct. 0, 1862; disch. with company. 

Hall, William II , musician, Co. D, 5th Inf.; nuist. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to flfo- 
maj.; disch. October, 1862. 

Harmon, Edward P.. musician, Co. E,5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; re-eul. De- 
cember, 1863, in Ist Maine Veterans. 

Hartman, Charles, Co. G, 6lh Inf.; must. Juno 2;), 1861; detached to gunboat, 
1803. 

Holman, Emery A., Co. H, 10th Inf. ; nmst. July 24, 1SG2 ; trans. 1864. 

Haskell, Thomas H , sergt., Co. I, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 18G2; disch. with 
company. 

Harmon, George L., musician, Co. G, 12th Inf.; must. March 1, 1866. 

Harmon, Edward, Co. II, 29th Inf. , must. Dec. 16, 1863; killed Oct. 19, 1804. 

Higgins, William C, Co. K, 29tb Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1863; disch. Aug. 22, 1865. 



ROSTER OP SOLDIERS. 



447 



Holman, Asa, Co. C, 2d Cav.; must. Dec. 3, 1863. 

Hnlt, Milton W., Corp., Co. 1, 12tli Inf.; must. May 17, 186.5. 

Hilton, Joseph M., Bergt., Co. G, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861. 

Jordan, Roscoe G., Co. C, 17tli Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. June 4, 1863. 

Jumper, John Q. A., Co. 1, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company; 

veteran mail-carrier, 1863 ; pro. to Corp., 1865. 
Jenliins, John, Co. G, Ist Cav.; must. Jan. 2.5, 1864; disch. June 19, 1865. 
Jumper, George E., 1st sergt., Co. F, Ist Cav. ; must. Dec. 31, 1863; pro. to 2d 

lieut., 1865. 
Jordan, Charles T., Co. D, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 
Jumper, George, Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. May 3,1861. 
Keene, Josiiih F., Co. H. 11th Inf. ; must. Jan. 19, 1864, as 2d lieut. 
Lunt, M. William, Co. H, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1862; re-enl. Dec. 16, 1863; 

pro. to cori>. ; died Oct. 7, 1864. 
Low, Michael, Co. I, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 28, 1864 ; disch. Juno 30, 1865. 
Lyon, Andrew S., sergt., Co. K, 5tli Inf ; must. Jan. 24, 1861 ; Isr sergt., Sept. 

23 ; pro. to 1st Jieut. 
Larrabee, Charles S., Co. E, 8tli Inf; must. Sept. 7, 1861. 
Larrabee, Fred., Co. E, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861. 
Morrison, Peter, Co. B, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 15, 1864. 
Merrill, Amos G., Co. B, 29th Inf. ; must. Jan. 12, 1864. 
Markett, John, Co. H, 2oth Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Merrill, David N., Co. E, 5th Inf.; must. Dec. 22, 1861; re-enl. in 1st Maine Vet- 
erans, Jan 4, 1864. 
McGlinch, Jeremiah, Co. G, 11th Inf.; must. Nov. 8, 1861; re-enlisted; disch. 

Aug. 28, 1864. 
Mclntire, Benj., Jr., Co. 1, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company ; 

re-enl. Jan. 9, 1864; disch. 1865. 
Mcintosh, Edward K., Co. 1, 25Ih Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Mclntire, Levi, Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1863. 
Merchant, William H., Co. H, 5th Inf ; must. July 4, 1861. 
Merrill, Benjamin B., sergt., Co. U, 5tli Inf. ; must. June 23, 1861. 
Merrill, Davis W., Co. G, 6th Inf ; must. June 23, 1861. 
Meader, Jolin, Co. H, 29th Inf.; must. Dec. 29, 1863 ; dis.:li. Aug. 12, 1804. 
Petei-son, Orion I., Co. E, 6th Inf. ; must. July 15, 1861. 
Plant, Charles F., Co. H, 10th Inf. ; must. July 21, 1862. 
Potter, Hanson B., Co. G, 11th Inf ; must. Nov. 8, 1862 ; disch. Nov. 22, 1863. 
Qnimby, John F., Co. B, 29lh Inf; mnsl. Jan. 9, 1861; pro. to corp. 
Russell, William 0., Co. H, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 20, 1863; disch. Sept. 11, 1S63. 
Richards, Justus H., Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Rand, John, Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. April 11, 1863. 
Band, David, Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 
Rowe, Stephen, Co. D., 15th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 
Smith, Augustus, Co. H, 6th Inf. ; must. July 21, 1861. 
Smith, James, Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; le-enl. Doc. 31, 1863 ; pro. to 

Corp.; disch. with company, Aug. 1, 1866. 
Smith, Silas M., Co. I, 3d Inf.; must. July 20,1863; trans, to 17th Maine Regt., 

1864. 
Smith, Albert P., Co. H, 10th Inf ; must. July 31, 1862. 
Smith, Louvil), Co. H, 10th Inf ; must. July 24, 1862. 
Stinchfleld, Samuel E., Co. H, 10th Inf.; must. July 26, 1862. 
Stevens, Joseph F., Co. H, lllh Inf.; must. Aug. 12, 1861 ; re-enlisted ; wounded 

Aug. 16, 1864 ; pro. to sergt., July 13, 1866. 
Snow, David M., must. March 21, 1865; died June 24, 1S65. 
Sweelser, William, Co. H, 11th Inf ; must. Nov. 12, 1861. 
Stubbs, Charles E., Corp., 2d Bat., 1st Cav.; must. Dec. 28, 1801. 
Thoru, Israel, Co. H, 10th Inf ; must. July 24, 1862 ; disch. Dec. 5, 1862. 
Thurlow, Richard, Co. G, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1861; trans, to Invalid 

Corps, 1864. 
Vincent, Julius, Co. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 24, 1864. 
Watts, Albert S., Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864. 

Watts, David, Co. G, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Watts, Alfred Y., Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; disch. April 4, 1804. 
Whitman, George E., Co. H, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Woodbury, Charles F., Co. G, 13th Inf.; must. Jan. 26, 1862 ; re-enl. Feb. 9, 1864; 

pro. to Corp. ; transferred. 
Watts, Alf. ¥., sergt., Co. K, Ist Cav. ; must. Feb. 16, 1804 ; disch. June 20, 1865. 
Wormwood, Arthur, Corp., Co. E, 8th Inf.; must. Feb. 29, 1864; missing in bat- 
tle, Sept. 27, 1864. 
Wormwood, Alfred E., Co. E, 8th Inf.; nuist. Feb. 29, 1804 ; wounded Mav 10, 
1804; disch. Aug. 28, 1865. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Dennison, William E., U. S. Navjv 
Potter, Silas H., 17th V. S. Inf. 

Sawyer, Andrew H., Mass. 

Wormwood, A. Lorenzo, 19th Wi.s. Inf. 



. Sept. 29, 1802; .lisch. with company, 



NORTH YARMOUTH. 

Adderton, .losiah M., Co. E, 17tli Inf; nnist. Auk. 18, 1S02: woundc-d May 0, 

1801. 
Blake, Elijah, Corp., Co. E, 17t:i Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862. 
Buxton, Willard, Co. K, 20th Inf.; must. Aug. 29, 1862; wounded July 2; died 

July 10, 1863. 



Boston, George H., Co. G, 25th Inf; i 
July 10, 1863. 

Bucknam, Charles W., 1st Corp., U. S. Vet. ; must. Jan. 25, 1865. 

Bodson, William. 

Byram, William C, Co. E, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 16, 1863; died June 10, 1864. 

Butler, Daniel, musician, Co, F, 12th Inf.; must. Jin. 2, 1864; disch. April 18, 
1866. 

Bradley, John, Co. K, 20th Inf.; must. Fob. 1, 1805. 

Gary, William, Co. K, 20th Inf.; must. Feb. 1, 1865. 

CoUey, Charles L., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. ; wounded 
May 12, 1864 ; disch. Feb. 27, 1805. 

Gushing, Charles R., Co. G, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Dunn, Cyrus, Co. A, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 12, 1864 ; died July 4, 1864. 

Dexter, William H., loth Inf ; must. Feb. 27, 1865. 

Freeman, Thomas, 14th R. I. H. Art. (colored) ; must. March 8, 1805. 

Frost, Leander S , Co. E, 30th Inf Vet.; must. Dec. 12, 1863; wounded April 
23, 1864 ; pro. to Corp. and sergt. 

Frost, John L., Co. E, 30th Inf. Vet. ; must. Dec. 29, 180.3 ; wounded April 23, 
1864. 

Gooding, Albert J., sergt., Co. G, 26th Inf.; must. S<>pt. 29, 1862; disch. with 
company. 

Grows, Dana B., Co. E, 30lh Inf; must. Jan. 6, 1864; died July 27, 1864. 

Holmes, John, Co. G, 20th Inf. ; must. Aug. 7, 1863; transferred. 

Hayes, David P., Co. E, 17tli Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to Vet. Rc«. 
Corps. 

Hayes, Francis E., Co. E, 17th Inf ; must, Aug. 18, 1862; wounded at Gettys- 
burg; disch. June 4, 1805. 

HarailtoM, Joseph, Corp., Co. D, lOIh Inf. ; must. Aug. 14, 1802; pro. to sergt ; 
wounded at SpottsyWaniii and taken prisoner. May 8, 1864. 

Harris, Edwin E., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Dec. 6, 1861 ; ro-enl. Jan. 1, 1864; 
wounded Oct. 19, 1864 ; pro. to corp. ; transferred ; disch. April 18, 1866. 

Herrick, Henry P., 2d lieut., Co. I>, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1862; killed at 
Fredericksburg, Va. 

Holt, Wm. T., sergt., Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; disch. March 22, 1862. 

Hamilton, Benjamin F,, musician, Co. G, 25th Inf. ; roust. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Hamilton, Edward, Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Harris, David Y., Corp., Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with com- 

Ives, John J., 1st Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 31, 1861. 
Johnson, Charles H., Co.G, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1863 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Johnson, Nathaniel, Co. A, 16th Inf.; must. Dec. 0, 1801. 
Jackson, James, 30th Inf.; must. April 6, 1865. 
Kelloy, Jeremiah, Co. I, 4th Inf. ; must. Aug. 25, 1863 ; transferred. 
Kenney, Stephen B., hospital steward, 23d Inf.; must. Sept. 18, 1862; disch. 

with regt. 
Lovell, Daniel K., Corp., Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; trans, to Vet Res. 

Corps. 
Lawrence, James, 11th Inf. ; must. March 23, 1866. 
Leighton, Gardiner, Co. B, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Lowe, Robert, musician, Co. G, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; disch. April 9, 

1862. 
Loring, William W., Co. G, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; disch. May 29, 1863. 
Le Blond, Auguste, Co. K,'20th Inf.; must Jan. 16, 1865. 
Moree, Winfteld S., Co. K, 20lh Inf; must Aug. 29, 1802; pro. to i 

sergt; died Jan. 2, 1804. 
Marston, George W., corp., Co. 1, 12th Inf. ; must. March 17, 1866 ; disch. March 

17, 1866. 
Morrill, Mark 0., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Mitchell, Lewis, C^. G, 121h Inf; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; disch. with company. 
Merchant, Joel G., Co. G, 12tli Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861. 
Moran, John, Co. K, 1st H. Art.; must Sept. 4, 1803. 
MrGarrigal, John, 12th Inf. ; must. April 6, 1865. 
McElwain, George N., unassigiied Inf. ; must. Feb. 28, 1866. 
Marston, Charles L., D. C. Cav.; must. May 2li, 1804; pro. to serft. ; trans- 
ferred. 
Noad, James, Co. B, 12tli Inf ; must March 13, I.SIJ.-. ; disch. with company, 

April 18, 1866. 
North, Charles A., Co. G, 25th Inf.; niu.t. Sept 29, 1862; ro-enl. 1864; pro. to 

coi-p. and sergt. in Co. K, 1st D. C. Cav. 
Noyes, William S., Corp., Co. E, loth Inf.; must. Oct 4, 1861; wound«d at 

Slaughter Mountain; disch. with company. 
Noyes, Clinton, Co. E, lOth Inf. ; must Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. with company. 
Prince, Albert F., Co. G, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; re-onl. 

C. Cav.; must. Feb. 20, 1864; transferred ; pro. to corp. and sergt. 
Porter, Nchemiah, Co. E, luth Inf. ; must. Oct 4, iscl ; disch. with company. 
Porter, Charles C, Co. E, 101 h Inf.; must Oct 4, 1801; drowned in Schuylkill 

River, Dec. 7, 1862. 
Parsons, Albert L., Co. E, 10th Inf. ; must Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. with comi«ny. 
Phillijis', William H., Co. G, 25th Inf ; must Sept. 29, 1862. 
Pagordo Cheri, Co. E, nth Inf ; must Aug. 18, 1802 ; pro. to sergt. 
Phillips, Edward L., Co. A, 5th Inf. ; must Jan. 3, 1862 ; disih. May 27, 1802. 
Hill" Benjamin T., Co. K, 2lUh Inf. ; niust. Aug. 29, 1S02; wounded at Gelly»- 

burg, July 1, 1863; died May 6, 1864. 
Rider, Charies D, Co. 1), lOtli Inf ; must. Aug. 11, 1802 ; 

July 1, 1863; disch. June 6, 1865. 



and 



I Co. K, Ist D. 



ided at Gettysburg, 



448 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Ross, Horace G., Corp., Co. E, 30th Inf.; muat. Dec. 12, 1863 ; veteran. 

Kowo, Abriiham N., Corp., Co. B, liStli Inf.; must. Sept. 20,1862: pro. to 2d 

licut. and 1st liout.; diet! Nov. 21, 1804. 
Ross, Albert, Co. E, 30tli Inf.; must. Doc. 12, 1863. 
Ross, Dana B„ Co. E, 30tli Inf.; must. Doc. 12, 1863 ; wounded April 23, 1861; 

pro. to sergt. ; veteran. 
Robs, Thomas W., Co. E, 30lh Inf. ; veteran ; must. Jan. 6, 1864 ; died July 16, 

1S64. 
Skillin, Joseph E., Co. A, 3uth Inf.; must. Jan. 12, 1864; disch. April 10, 1864. 
Sweolaer, Charles S., Co. G, 2.')lli Inf ; must. Oct. 6, 1862. 
Sweetser, Francis E., Co. G, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Swcotser, Nathaniel W. F., seigt., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Swoetsei , William II., Co. K, Ist Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; died Dec. 22, 1862. 
Skillin, William B., 2d lieut., Co. G, I2th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; pro. to Ist 

lieut. ; resigned July 4, 1864. 
Sargent, John F., Co. K, 2d Inf. ; must. May 28, 1861 ; disch. June 4, 1863. 
Stackpole, Edwin, Co. A, 6th Inf.; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; died Aug. 19, 1861. 
Sinclair, James, 20tli Inf.; muat. April 8, 1866. 

Stackpole, Eugene, Co. I, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 12, 1863 ; died. Aug. 24, 1864. 
True, Henry, Co. B, Coast Guard ; must. Oct. 29, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 9, 18G2. 
Titcomb, Charies W., Co. E, 30tU Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1865; died July 1, 1864. 
Titcomb, Ammi C, Co. E, 3(Jth Inf.; must. .Ian. 6, 1864; wounded April 9; 

died in the hands of the enemy, April 14, 1864. 
True, Charles F., Co. C, 3l8t Inf. ; must. March 23, 1864 ; disch. June 12, 1866. 
Titcomb, Frank, Co. C, 32d Inf. ; must. March 23, 1864 ; died in Maine. 
Titcomb, Roscoe, Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 18G2; disch. with company. 
Wilson, John. 

Whitney, William J., Co. E, 17th Inf ; must. Aug 18, 1862 ; wounded at Get- 
tysburg ; killed in battle, May 5, 1864. 
Young, Charles H., Co. H, Sth Inf. ; must. Sept. 9, 1861 ; re-enl. Feb. 29, 1864 ; 

pro. to Corp. and sergt.; disch. with company, Jan. 18, 1866. 
Young, Eleazer K., Co. E, 30th Inf. , must. Dec. 12, 1863 ; veteran ; wounded 

April 23, 1864. 

UNITED STATES NAVY. 

Hayes, Thomas 11. ; Hayes, Fiedi-rick ; Harris, Charles H. ; Loring, Charles R. ; 
Orne, Charles S.; Pierce, David T. ; Sweetsir, William F.; Stackpole, 
Charles; True, William U. 



OTISFIELD. 

Atwood, George H., Co. F, 16th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1861 ; disch. with company. 

Andrews, William W., Co. A, 29th Inf. ; must. Sept. 9, 1862 ; trans. 1864. 

Andrews, Wallace C, Co. G, 29tli Inf ; nnist. Aug. 29, 1862; wounded, Oct. 19, 
1864; disch. April 20, 1865. 

Briggs, William 0., Co. C, 26th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. ; disch. 
with company. 

Caldwell, Charies B., Co. E, lllth Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Caldwell, Isaiah A., must. Aug. 24, 1862 ; trans. 1863. 

Chute, Curtis, Co. H, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 16, 1862; disch. Feb. 26, 1863. 

Couillard, Brulo, Co. C, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1864. 

Chute, William A., Co. G, 29th Inf; must. Dec. 16, 1863; taken prisoner, Oct. 
19, 1864. 

Edwards, Alonzo, Corp., Co. D, 16th Inf ; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Edwards, Bryce M., Co. I, 6th luf ; must. July 28, 1862 ; disch. May, 1864. 

Edwards, Aimer, Co. C, 27th Inf. ; must. April 11, 1865. 

Edwards, Robinson G., Co. C, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Edwards, Silas B., Co C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Edwards, Sewall A., Co. C, 26th Int.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Edwards, McFarland, Co. G, 14th Inf.; must. Dec. 21, 1861. 

Edwards, Sidney D., Co. (!, 30th Inf ; must. Dec. 28, 1863 ; trans. 1864. 

Greonlcaf, Zobulon D,, Co. C, 3»th Inf ; must. Dec. 19, 1863; died July 21, 1864. 

Greely, John W., Co. G, 29tli Inf; must. Dec. 19, 1863; killed, April 8, 1864. 

Gage, William, Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch, with company. 

Greene, Edmond M., Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany.; re-enl. in 27th Co. Inf, April 6, 1866. 

Green, Ireson, Co. C, 26th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Greene, James L., Co. C, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Gage, George N., Co. F, loth Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Henley, John S., Co. G, loth Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Holden, Anson J., Corp., Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; died Dec. 19, 
1862. 

Henderson, Hiram W., Co. C, 25th Inf ; mu^t. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Hamlin, Frank H., Co. I, IJth Inf ; must. March 17, 186.5. 

Huston, John, Co. D, 1.5tli Inf; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 1, 1866. 

Henley, Pliny B,, Co. G, 10th Inf; muat. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Jillson, Martin V. B., Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1863; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Jones, Charles, Co. G, 9th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1864 ; disch. with lonipany. 

Knight, Johnson, 27th Co. Inf; must. April 11,1865. 

Knight, Joseph I,., Co. A, 12th Inf; must. Sept. 27, 1804; disch. July 22, l.so.',. 

Knight, Joseph, Co. G, 10th Inf ; must Oct. 4, 1861. 

Koene, William H., Co. E, 10th Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 



Knight, George H., Co. E, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Knight, Zebulon, Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861. 

Lovell, Henry H., Co. D, 16lh Inf; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Lovell, Lowell, Co. D, 15th Inf; must. Dec. 10, 1861. 

Lovell, David K., Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; discb. with company. 

Lewis, James, Co. G, 9th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1864. 

Lane, William K., Co. E, 15th Inf; must. March 6; disch. May 14, 1865. 

Morse, Franklin E., Co. U, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18,1862; wounded May 12, 

1863. 
Mayberry, Elbridge 0., 27th Co. Inf ; must. April 6, 1866. 
Morse, Mark K., sergt., Co. 0, 25th Inf; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; reduced; disch. 

with com|)any. 
Potter, Gilbert F, Co. C, 12th Inf; must. Jan. 1,1864; wounded Septombfr 19; 

trans, to I2th Battalion Infantry. 
Pitts, Nason A., 27th Co. Inf ; must. April 11, 1865. 

Peabody, William, Co. G, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 15, 1863; disch. with company. 
Piper, Cornelius, Co. I, 3d Inf , must. Aug. 14, 1863 ; trans, to 17th Maine Regt., 

1864. 
Randall, Isaiah, 27th Co. Inf ; must. April 6, 1865. 

Ross, Thomas, Co. C, 9th Inf ; must. Sept. 26, 1864 ; disch. with company. 
Robinson, David H., Co. H, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18,1862; disch. 1864. 
Robbins, Wm. II., Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Robbins, Wesley C, Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Rickor, James M., Co. C, .30th Inf; nmst. Dec. 19, 1863; pro. to Corp., 1864 ; 

disch. with company. 
Spurr, Llewellyn, 27th Co. unassigned Inf; must. April 11, 1866. 
Stone, John F., 27th Co. unassigned Inf; must. April 11, 1865. 
Scribner, Fletcher, 27th Co. unassigned Inf; must. April 11, 1865. 
Scribner, .lohn F., 27lh Co. unassigned Inf; mnst. April 11, 1866. 
Scribner, James A., 27th Co. unassigned Inf. ; must. April 11, 1865. 
Spurr, Snnmer, 27th Co. unassigned Inf ; must. April 11, 1875. 
Smith, Nathan, Co. G, 10th Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Smilb, Jonathan, Co. (J, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; re-enl. in 27th Co. Inf, April 

6, 1866. 
Smith, Ira N, Co. F, 17th Inf; must. Sept. 1, IK63 ; wounded Sept. 14; trans. 

to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Sanborn, Charies W., Co. H, 17th Inf ; nuist. Aug. 18, 1862 ; wounded at Get- 
tysburg. 
Smith, Eli N., Co. H, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. April 24, 1863. 
Spurr, Llewellyn, Co. H, 17th Inf ; nnist. Aug. 18, 1862 ; wounded July 2 ; disch. 

Sept. 25,1863. 
Scribner, Algernon H, Co. C, 26th Inf ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Scribner, Simon, Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. with company. 
Smith, Nathan, Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Smith, Lynnin, Co. C, 26lh Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Scribner, Jackson, Co. C, 30th Inf ; must. Dec. 19, 1863 ; died May 2, 1864. 
Shedd, William, Co. D, 12tji Inf; must. Sept. 27, 1864. 
Turner, Elislia, Co. C, 26th Inf ; must. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Thureton, David W., Co. H ; must. June 24, 1861. 
Upton, John A., Co. G, must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Weston, Edwaril F., Co. H, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1862; traus. to Invalid 

Corps, 1864. 
Wight, Hannibal H., Co. H, 17th Inf ; mnst. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to H. Art., 

1864. 
Wight, Elbridge, wagoner, Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1.S62 ; disch. with 

company. 
Whittnm, Samuel, Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Winslow, Caleb E., Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Winslow, Cyrus R., Co. C, 25th Inf ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; dfsch. with company. 
Wight, Albeit L., Co. C, 12th Inf; must. Jan. 1, 1864; trans, to 1st Bat. 12th 

Maine Inf 
Webb, Walter, Co. G, 29th Inf ; must. Feb. 27, 1864 ; died Nov. 10, 1864. 
Warren, Nathaniel E., Co. G, 29th Inf; must. Dec. 16, 1863. 
Warren James L., 27th Inf; mnst. April 11,1865. 
Wight, Charies F., 27th Inf ; must. April 11, 1865. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Bean, Albert C, 21 Hh JIass. Inf 

Bean, Ansel, 20tli Mass. Inf 

Edwards, Dexter, 17th U. S. Inf 

Stone, John F., Mass. Regt. '■• 



POWNAL. 

Allen, William P., Co. 1, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 20, 1862 ; disch. with company, 
July 2U, 1863. 

Allen. Charles W., Co. 1, 26th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company, 
July 20,1863. 

Blackstone, Charles C , Co. A, 17lh Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded; died 
May 9, 1863. 

Burr, Charles F., Co. F, loth Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; tjiken prisoner at Win- 
chester, Va. ; exchanged. 

Blackstone, Benjamin W., Co. G, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; re-enl. 1804 ; 
trans, to Bat. 12th Maine Inf 

Blair, William H., Co. G, 12th Inf; must. Nov. l."). 196! ; disch. Aug. 26, 1862. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



449 



nurko, Chnrlcs F., lOth Inf. ReKt. 

lllako, Heniy W., Co. I, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 186-2; discli. with company, 
liiowii, Joseph, Jr., Co. I, 2.')lh Inf. ; muat. Sept. 29, 18G2 ; dUch. with company. 
Blake, George, Co. C, 31st Inf. ; must. Mnrcli 2:1, 1804 ; diach. July 15, 1805. 
CliasB, Thomas R., Co. H, 5tli Iiif; must. Juno 24, 1801; disch. with company. 
Cusliing, Siimicl E., sergt.,C i. F, IDth Inl'.; m nt. Oct. 4, 1801; disch. Oct. 25, 

1802. 
Clongh, John Y., Co. G, 12tli Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; disch. Oct. 27, 1803. 
Chase, Joseph A., Co. K, .Itli Inf. ; must. .\ug. 18. 1802 ; wounded June 9, 1SG4 ; 

trans, to Ist Maine Vet. Begt. ; re-enl. in Co. U, 2d Vet. Inf. 
Connor, Robert W., Co. H, 30th Inf; must. Feb. 22, 1865. 
Dresser, Albion K. P., Co. A, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1802; pro. to corp.,18C4; 

disch. with company. June, 1865. 
Estes, S.-th W., Co. I, 2.itli Inf ; mu^t. Sept. 23, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Foss, Frederick, Bat. C, 1st H. Art.; must. Sept. 6, 1864; disch. June 11, 1865. 
Francis, Joseph, Co. E, 15th Inf ; must. Feb. 10; died Oct. 2, 1805. 
Gilbert, James M., Co. E, lulli Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1802. 
Gilbert, William, Co. D, :Wlh Inf ; must. Sept. 2:!, 1864; disch. Aug. 29, 1805. 
Hodsdon, Charles H., Co. B, Coast Guards H. Art. ; must. Oct. 20, 1801 ; disch. 

Sept. 0, 1862. 
Hodsdon, Reuben T., Co. B, Coast Guards H. Art. ; mu.st. Oct. 29. 1861 ; discli. 

Aug. "a, 1862. 
Hodsdon, James A., Co. B, Coast Guards H. Art,; must. Oct. 29,1861; disch. 

Sept. 0, 1802. 
Hulchiugs, Elbridge T., Co. B, Coast Guards H. Art.; must. Oct. 29, 1861; disch. 

Sept. 6, 1862. 
Haskell, Charles H , sergt., 10th Infantry. 

Hayes, James, Co. B, 20th Inf; must. March 9, 1805 ; disch. July 25, 1865. 
Harris, David, Co. D, 2iitli luf ; must. Feb. 9. 1865. 
Knox, Charles, Co. K, 20th Inf ; must. March \\ 1SG5. 
Kimball, William H., Co. E, 8th Inf; ranst. Oct. 0, 1863: disch. with company, 

1865. 
Knight, Joseph, Co. I, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
Knight, Freeman, Co. F, 10th Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1801; disch. Jan. 4, 1802. 
Milliken, Edson H., Co. F,5tli Inf; must. Marcli 0, 1802 ; pro. to Corp.; wounded 

May .■), 1863 ; trans, to Invalid Corps, April 9, 1864. 
Libby, Lewis J., Co. F, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; taken prisoner at Wiii- 

chester; exchanged. 
Low, Robert M., Co. A, 17th luf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; wounded Nov. 27, 1803 ; 

killed June 16, 1864. 
Loring, Andrew J., Co. I, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. witli company, 
loring, George W., Co. I, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with compiny . 
Libby, Lendall A., Co. C, 31st Inf; must. May 6, 1864; disch. with corapiny. 
Nason, Howard, Co. F, 6lh Inf; must. March 6, 1862 ; dropped. 
Koyes, David, Co. B, 7th Inf ; must. Aug. 21, 1801 ; detached, 1862. 
Noyes, George S., Co. B, Coast Guards H. Art. ; must. Oct. 29, 1801. 
Ordway, Benjamin, Isl D. C. Cav.; must. Jan. 18, 1864. 

Phinney, George W., Co. G, 13th Inf; must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; died Dec. 11, 1862. 
Page, Edgar F., Co. G, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; wounded and missing, 

July 11, 1863. 
Paine, Junius D., Co. E, 10th Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. with company j 

re-enl. Nov. 13, 1863, in 29th Infantry. 
Eeed, Herbert L., Co. K, 20th Inf ; mist. Aug. 29, 1802 ; trans, to Navy, May 3, 

1864. 
Rider, Solomon C, Co. C, Slst Inf. ; must. March 2 1, 1801 ; disch. with company . 
Rider, Moses A., Co. E, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; disch. with company. 
Royal, Andrew J., 1st Cav. 
Royal, George S., 1st Cav. 
Royal, William F., Ist Cav. 

Sawyer, James W., Co. F, loth Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; trans. 1803. 
Snell, John B., Co. E, loth Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; disch. with company. 
Thoits, C. R.. 7tli Inf ; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; missing at battle of Autietam. 
Taylor, Jolin L., Corp., 8th Inf 
Tuttle, Albion, Co. F, 10th Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 
True, Hollis, Co. E, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18,1862; pro. to Corp., 1803; wounded 

June 16, 1864; disch. with company. 
West, Lewis F., Co. F, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, ISGl. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 
Brown, Henry C, 11th Mass. Inf 
Coffin, Ephraim, 11th Mass. Inf 
Lobdell, Prentiss, 17th U. S. Inf 



RAYMOND. 

Adams, Francis F., Co. K, 5th Inf; must. Nov. 9, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 22, 1862; 

re-enl. in U. S. Art. 
Adams, William B., Co. K, 5th Inf; must. Nov. 9, 1801 ; missing at battle of 

Fredericksburg. 
Bryant, John M., 7lh Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Doc. 30, 1863. 
Berry, Timothy, Co. K, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 9, 1805; pro. to Corp.; trans, to 

Co. D. 
Bartlett, Elias, Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; pro. to Corp.; disch. with 

company, July 10, 1863. 

57 



Brackett, Albert S., Co. C, 25lh Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 
Bryant, John M. (2d), Co. C, 25tli Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 

Bartlett, William K., Co. C, 25tli Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802; died May 31, 18C3. 

Cash, Hiram M., Co. K, 6th Inf.; must. Juno 24, 1801 ; disch. Oct. 12, 1803. 

Cash, Washington, Corp., Co. C, 25th Inf; must Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with 
company. 

Cffln, Cliarles H., Co. K, 30ttl Inf ; must. Jan. 9, 1864 ; transferred. 

Duran, Samuel D. S.. Co. K, 5th Inf ; pro. to Corp., 1802 ; wounded and m ssing 
in battle, M.ay 10, 1S64. 

Duran, William P., Co. E, 13th Inf ; must. Feb. 7, 1802; died Jan. 1, 18M. 

Davis, Thoniiis M., Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, I8«2; discli. with coiniiaiiy. 

Dui-an, Moses D., Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; iliscll. with company. 

Davis, Thomas M., Corp., Co. C,30th Inf ; must. Dec. 19, 1803; died July 1, 18W. 

Edwards, Wyatt T., Co. C. 25tli Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Edwards, Richard C, Co. K, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 9, 1864. 

Farewell, John, Co. K, SOtli Inf; must. Dec. 9, 1864. 

Ilolden, Anson J., corp., Co. C, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; discli. with com- 
pany. 

Jones, George A., Co. E, 13lh Inf ; must. Dec. 10, 1801 • re-eul. Feb. 29, 1804 ; 
transferred. 

Jordan, James M., Corp., Co. C, 25 th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; died Dec. 19, 
1802. 

Jackson, Azariah, Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Jordan, James M. (2d), Co. C, 25tli Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; discli. with com- 
pany. 

Jordan, James E., Co. D, 15lh Inf ; must. Doc. 31,1801. 

Keeue, Josiah F., Co. K, 5th Inf ; must. Nov. 9, IKOI . 

Leavitt, Libbeus II., Co. H, 31st Inf ; must. April 21, 1804 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Latham, Cliarles H., Co. H, 31st luf; must. April 21, 1804; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Lildiy, Tyng, Co. K, oth Inf 

Leach, William, Co. G, 13tli luf; must. Dec. 12, 1861 ; disch. Feb. 11, 1862. 

Libby, Ebeneier H., Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Leavitt, Daniel W., Co. C, 31st Inf; must. May 23, 1864; wouuded May 12; 
trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 

Meserve, Amos, wagoner, Co. B, loth Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 

Mains, John, Co. C, 2511i Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

McLellan, Jordan, Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch, witli company. 

Meserve, Merlin, Co. C, 30th luf; must. Dec. 19, 1863 ; wounded April 23; 
disch. June 3, 1804. 

May, Silas, Co. K, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 29, 1864. 

Mains, Ivory, 1st District of Columbia Cav.; must. Jan. 20, 1864. 

Morrill, Asa P., 6th Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Feb. 11 ; disch. June 10, 1864. 

Moyant, Guzzle, Co. A, 1st Vet. Inf; must. Jan. 10, 1865. 

McCullough, Frank, Co. C, 30th Inf; must. Doc. 18, 1863; disch. May 5, 1864. 
, Clement P., musician, Co. E, 13th Inf; must. Dec. 10, 1801 ; disch. 
Aug. 21,186 i. 

, Clement P., District of Columbia Cav. ; must. Feb. 20, 18M. 
, Alvin E., District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 20, 1864. 

Robinson, Levi S., Co. K, 5th Inf ; must. Nov. 9, 1861 ; missing May 10, 1804. 

Rioker, Samuel F., Co. K, 5th luf ; must. Aug. 13, 1802; wounded May 10, 1864; 
trans, to 1st Maine Vet. Inf 

Bolfe, James, Co. C, 26th luf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 

Rolfe, Johu, Co. C, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Rolfe, Jordan, Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 

Rolfe, Lemuel, Co. C, 25th Inf ; must Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Stevens, James E., Co. E, 29th Inf; must Nov. 13, 1803; detached ISOo; disch. 
with company. 1866. 

St.tples, John M., Bat. M, lat H. Art ; must Jon. 4, 1864. 

Small, Simeon, sergt, Co. D, 15th Vet Inf ; must Jan. 25, 180.1 ; disch. July 5, 
1866. 

Smith, Ambrose G., Co. E, 1st Inf., must May 1, 1861 ; for three months. 

S trout, George A., Co. I ; must May 1, ISOl, for three months. 

Sawyer, J. C, Co. I, 5th Inf ; must June 24, 1861 ; pro. to Corp., 1862 ; pro. to 
sergt; killed May 3, 1863. 

Spiller, Joseph, Co. K, 6th Inf : must Nov. 9, 1661 ; disch. Slay 29, 1862. 

Small, Levi, Co. K, 6th Inf ; must Nov. 22, 1861 ; disch. Oct 23, 1862. 

Skilliu, Alvin, Co. C, 12th luf ; must Nov. 15, ISOl ; dish. March 13, 18«3. 

Small, Alonzo, Co. G, I4th Inf ; must. l>c<-~ 12, 1801 ; disch. 1862. 

Strout Cyrus T., Co. G, 14th luf; must Dec. 12, 1801; disch. on raquislUon, 
1861. 

Spiller, Joseph, sergt., Co. C, 25th luf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany, July 10, 1863. 

Small, Enoch S., Co. C, 30lh Inf ; must. Dec. 1*, 1865 ; taken prisoner ; exchaogesi 
1804 ; disch. with company. 

Tenney, James F., Co. C, 30th Inf; must. Dec. 19, 1803; killed April 23, 1864. 

Tenuey, Nelson, Co. , 5lh Inf 

Tenney, Ambrose, Co. C, 25tli luf; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with comiiany. 

Tripp, Jeremiah, Jr., Co. C, 25th Inf ; must. Sept 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 

Tripp! Levi A., Co. C, 25th Inf; must Sept 29,1802; disch. with comiwny ; 
must. Co. C, 30th Inf, Dec. 19, 1863. 

Verrill, Sidney, Co. D, 15th Inf; must Doc. 31, 1861. 

Verrill, Edward P., Corp., Co. E, 29lh luf; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Feb. 28, 
1865. 



450 



HISTORY OP CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



FOBEION ENLISTMENTS. 



Piiri.in, Aliin?... C, 12tli Miias. Inf. 
McQuillan, EufuB, U. S. Arniy. 
Nnsoi], ■William II., U. S. Army. 
Plnmnier, Chiirles A., U. S. Navy. 
Spillor, .lames F., 7lh Miisti. Inf. 
Wliil.u.y, Josepli M,, Uliwlu iBlanil ( 



SCARBOROUGH. 

Berry, Hiram, Co. C, 12lli Inf.; must. March 1,1, 1804. 

Best, Patrick, Co. B, 12tll Inf.; must. Nov. 20, 1801 ; disch. .Inn. 2. 1802. 

Brackett, Robert A., Co. 1, 2.'ith Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1SC2 ; disch. with compaiiy. 

Coolbrotli, Ashbnry, Co. F, Cth Inf.; nimt. July 15, 1861; trans, to Invalid 
Corps, 1864. 

Cook, Williiim, Co. E, 25lli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company, July 
10, 1863. 

Davis, Enos M., Co. E, 2.'")eh Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Ford, John, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Jan. 4, 1804; transferred. 

Fogg, Alpheus, Corp., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Gustin, Hiram, Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1801. 

Gustin, George B., Co. K, 91U Inf.; must. Sept. 21,1801; detached at Hilton 
Head, 180:i. 

Gustin, Cliarles R., Co. K, 9lh Inf. : must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; died Aug. 10, 1803. 

Gero. Alexander, Co. A, loth Inf. ; must. Oct. 16, 1861. 

Graffam, Ezra P., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Sept. 16, 1804; transferred. 

GrafTam, John, Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Sept. 6, 1864 ; transferred. 

Iliggins, Alexander, Co. D, l»t Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 

Higlit, Leroy, com.-sergt., 9th Inf.; must. September, 1801. 

Hayes, William, Co. C, lOlh Inf. ; must. Oct. IS, 1861. 

Harkin, John, Co. — , lOlh Inf.; must. October, 1801. 

Harmon, Loring, sergt., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Sept. 15, 1801 ; died at Cairollton, 
La., March 10, 1803. 

Harford, Albion S., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Sept. 15, 1861. 

Iliggins, Alexander, Corp., Co. I, 25th luf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. Jan. 
12, 1863. 

Hanson, James L., Co. I, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com|>any. 

Knight, Zcbulon, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Sept. 27, 1864; transferred. 

Libby, Ellison, Co. F, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 7, 1861 ; missing May, 1862. 

Lildiy, Jefferson W., Co. C, 12lh Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; disch. with comp^iny. 

Leavilt, Scott L., Co. C, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; re-enlisted ; trans- 
ferred. 

Libby, Thomas J., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; taken prisoner Oct. 
10,1863; transferred. 

Lnthrop, .Joseph P., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861; re-enlisted; died 
July 25, 1864. 

Lnnt, George C, veteran, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Sept. 17, 1804; transferred. 

Merrill, ■William H. H., corp., Co. K, 9tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 
27, 1863. 

Milliken, Melville I., sergt., Co. C, 12lli Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; re-enl. March 
5, 1804 ; transferred. 

Merrill, Melvile S., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; mnst. Nov. 15, 1861 ; disch. with company. 

Moses, SImou M., wagoner, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16,1861 ; disch. with 
company. 

Moore, Horace W., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Sept. 15, 1861 ; reonl. 1804; trans- 
ferred. 

Mescrve, Eleazer G., Co. E, 25tli Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Moody, Edwin, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 

Moody, Samuel E., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; ilisch. with company. 

Nowcomli, David L., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Newcomb, Joseph L., Co. E, 251h Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

I'illsbuiy, George W., sergt., Co. C, 12lh Ijjf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; ilisdi. with 
company. 

Potter, Eleazer, Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; wounded ; pro. to Corp. ; 
re-enlisted ; tntnsfcrred. 

Pillsbury, Noah, Co. E, 2oth Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. March 21, 1803. 

Royal, Theo. A., Co. C, 121 h Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; trans, to Ship Island. 

Rounds, Charles, Co. E, 26tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. Jan. 12, 1SI13. 

Smith, George W., Co. D, 29th Inf.; must. July 20,1862; re-enl. 1864; trans- 
ferred. 

Stevens, William C, Corp., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with 
company. 

Tripp, Moses B., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861. 

Tripp, George B , Co. E, 2.'>th Inf.; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; discb. with com(>any. 

Waterhouse, Gaidiner J., Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1801 ; trans. 186:i. 

Walker, Winflcid S., Cu. E, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 22, 1861 ; wonnded June 30, 
1803. 

Walker, Alonzo, Co. C, I2ih Inf. ; mnst. Jan. 2. 1864; wounded Sept. 19; tians- 
ferred . 

Waterhouse, Bartlelt, Co. C, 12th Inf.; mnst. Nov. 15,1864; disch. with company. 



Whittaker, Wm. H., Co. C, 12lh Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1804 ; re-enl. 1804 ; tr 

ferred. 
Young, John, Co. C, 12tli Inf. ; must. Jan. 21, 1804. 

FOREIGN ENLISTMENTS. 

Gustin, Lorenzo D., ,Ma-K,cbusotta. 

Lemord, John, U. S. Navy. 

Milliken, S. Woodman, 44th Massachusetts Inf. 

Pillsbury, Francis, Massachusetts. 

Walker, Dennis, JIassachusetts. 



SEBAGO. 

Blake, Charles A., Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1801. 

Drown, Sidney F., Co. K, 26th Inf.; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company, 
July 10, 1803. 

Brown, William S., Co. K, 25th Inf. ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. willi company, 
July 10, 1803. 

Cook, Benjamin F., Co. 1, lOlh Inf.; must. Oct 4, 1861. 

Cole, Charles, Co. K, 25th Inf. ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; died Dec. 17, 1802. 

Cook, Alonzo S., Co. K, 25th Inf.: must. Sejit. 29, 1802; disch. from hospital. 

Cross, Lewis C, District of Columbia Cav.; mnst. Feb. 19, 1804. 

Douglass, George, Jr., Co. K, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Dyer, Reuben M., Co. K, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 

Dunn, Thomas, Co. K, 1st H. Art. ; mnst. Sept. 18, 1803 ; disch. Sept. 1865. 

Foss, Ambrose, Co., 10th Inf. 

Haley, David M., D. C. Cav.; must. Feb. 19, 1864. 

Hatch, Henry C, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. with company. 

Haley, Ira H., Co. K, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Hill, William H., Co. K,2oth Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Johnson, Charles, Co. G, 20th Inf ; must. Nov. 14, 1804 ; trans, from 16th Inf. ; 
disch. July, 1866. 

McKenney, James, Co. A, 5tli Inf. 

Martin, Daniel D., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; leg shot off Sept. 15, 
1862. 

Martin, John, Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 1, 1864 ; trans, 
to Co. D, Bat. 12lh Maine Inf. ; disch. with company. 

Martin, William H., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861. 

Mariner, Greenleaf T., Co. 1, 10th Inf.; must. July 21, 1862; trans. 1863. 

Martin, Ira L., Co. H, IVth Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wonnded July 2; died 
Aug. 19, 1863. 

Meservo, Johr,, Corp., Co. K, 25lh Inf. ; must. Sept 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Martin, Jason, Co. K, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Pliinney, William S., sergt, Co. K, 25th Inf. ; must Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with 
company. 

Pendexter, Noah J., Co. K, 26th Inf.; must. Sept.29, 1862. 

Pierce, Henry M., Co. K,26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; died May 11, 1863. 

Richardson, Washington; Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861; wounded and 
prisoner, 1862. 

Richardson, Isaac, Co. D, 2d Shaipshonters; must. Feb. 22, 1864 ; trans, to 17th 
Inf., 1805. 

Robinson, Robert R., Co. D, 2d Sharpshooters; must Feb. 22, 1864. 

Rodgers, John, Co. D, 2d Sharpshooters ; must. Feb. 22, 1864. 

Saundeis, Andrew, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must Aug. 18, 1862; wounded July 2, 
1802 ; trans, to 3d Rhode Island Bat 

Storer, Thomas T., corp., Co. K, 2oth Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; dis'-h. with com- 



, Co. K, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with 



th 



Shaw, Benjamin, r 

company. 
U^hor, Joshua L., Co. H, iHth Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1862; trans. 1863. 
Weeman, William II. U., 1st Bat. Mounted Art. ; mnst. Jan. 1,1864 ; disch 

company, July 15, 1865. 
Weeman, Samuel H., Ist Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. March 3, 1804 ; disrh. with 

company. 
Wright, James, Co. G, 10th Inf; must. Nov. 3, 1804; trans, to 20th Inf. 
Whitney, Allred, Co. A, 6th Inf. 
Wontworth, Edward E., Corp., Co. K, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1802; disch 

with company. 
Wentworlh, William, Co. K, 251h Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1802; trans, to Co. H 

16lh Inf, Oct. 15, 1862. 
Ward, Eben, Co. K, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Ward, David, Co. K, 25tli Inf. ; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with comimny. 
Witham, Jacob, Jr., Co. K, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with comjiany 



STANDISH. 

Atchinson, .loseph H., Co. K, 13lh Inf; must. 1861 ; re-enl. February, 1864 ; 

transferred. 
Burnham, John G, sergt , Co. I, 3lilh Inf; must. June 0, 1864; disch. July 31, 

1806. 
Dorset!, Thomas, Co. K, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 20, 1801. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



451 



Davi-J, Albert H., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; pro. to Corp. and aei-gt.; 

disi:li. witli company. 
Dow, Benjamin A., Co. H, 17tli Inf.; must. Ang.18, 1862; iliscli. with compnny. 
KUwell, Marquis G., Co. I, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 14, 181)4; killeil April 9, 1804. 
Gray, James S., 1st District of Columbia Cav. ; must. Jan. 19, 1864. 
Hiuiscomb, Stephen, Co. G, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 18G1 ; trans 18C;i. 
Howe Francis O. S., sergt., Co. A, loth Inf.; must. Dec. 6, 1861 ; pro. to lat 

sergt., 1862; pro. to lieut., August, 1862. 
Ilolison, William A., Co. I, 3(lth Inf.; must. Jan. 6, 1864; disch. Sept. 11,1865. 
Holison, Jeiemiah, Co. I, 30th Inf.; must, Jan. 0, 1861; killed April 23, 1864. 
Harmon, William, Co. I, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864; disch. Juno 20, 1865. 
Hanly, William, Co. D, 17th Inf.; must. Foli. 20, 1865; disch. April 28, 1805. 
Kemp, Charles E., Co. B, 1st Cav. ; must. Feb. 20, 1801 ; disch. with company. 
LibUy, William D., Co. K, 12th Inf. ; must. Dec. 13, 1861 ; re-enl. Jan. 1,1804; 

trans, to Bat. 12th Maine Inf. 
Libby, Henry T., Corp., Co. F, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1801 ; pro. to 1st sergt., 

Nov. 1, 1862. 
Libby, Major J., Ck). H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to 1st H. Art. 1864. 
Leavitt, Granville A., Co. I, 30tli Inf. ; must. Jan. 0, 1804 ; disch. with company. 
Meserve Mark M., artificer, 6lh Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Doc. 4, 1801 ; disch. 

Sept. 22, 1802. 
Moses, Alonzo, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; disch. with company. 
Marr, William E., Co. I, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 0, 1804 ; disch. May 18, 1804. 
McDonald, A. Fessenden, Co. I, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 12, 1804 ; wounded April 

21 ; disch. with company. 
Paine, John H., rcgimenfcll band, llth Inf. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; died at Wash- 
ington, D. C, Jan. 8, 1862. 
Pease, John M., regimental band, llth Inf.; must. Oct. I'J, ISOl; di^cli. with 

band, Aug. 12, 1802. 
Prescott, Hiram S., must. Nov. 12, 1801. 

Ridlon, Isiuic, Co. I, 30tli Inf. ; must. Jan. 0, 1804 ; discli. May 31, 1805. 
Ridlon, Franklin D., Co. I, 30th Inf.; must. Jan. 0, 1804; disch. with company. 
Ridlon', Andrew, Co. I, 30tli Inf. ; must. Jan. 14, 1804 ; wounded Api il 23 ; disch. 

March 20, 1865. 
Shaw, Clinton D. W., 2'.ith Inf. ; must. April 24, 1805. 
Sawyer, Francis A., Co. K, 32d Inf.; must. May 6, 1804; trans, to Co. K, 3lst 

Maine Kegt. 
Sturgis, William H., sergt., Co. H, 17th Inl.; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; pro. to 2d 

lieut., 1863. 
Sands, Thomas, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; pro. to Corp. and sergt.; 

di»ch. with company. 
Spear, Alplionzo A., Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Sanborn, Orville S., Co. K, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 10, 1861 ; detacliod to Signal 

Corps, 1802. 
Strout, Frank, Co. G, 13lli Inf.; must. Dec. 31, 1801. 
Simpson, Frank L., Co. I, 20th Inf. ; must. Oct. 21, 1864. 

Smith, Leonard B., Co. C, 31at Inf.; must. March 23, 1864; disch. May 22, 1S05. 
Smith. Frank 0. J., Co. H, 31st Inf.; must. April 21, 1801; disch. 1803. 
Tripp, William A., must. March 12, 1802. 
Warren, Ed «ard B., Co. E, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861; wounded at Antietani ; 

pro. to Corp.; disch. with company. 
Ward, William H.. Co. E, lotli Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. with company. 
Whitney, Natlian T., Co. E, 10th Int. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861; killed at Slaughter 

Mountain, Aug. 9, 1862. 
Whitcomb, Robert B., Corp., Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; disch. with 

company. 
Warren, Cliarles A , Co. H, Hth Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 6; 

disch. May 16. 1865. 
Watson, John, Co. I, 20tli Inf.; must. Oct. 21, 1864; disch. with company. 
White, Charles W., Co. I, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864; disch. with company. 
Welch, John W., Co. C, 31st Inf. ; must. April 23, 1864 ; disch. for wounds, Jan. 



11, 1805. 
Welch, Tliomaa, Jr., Co. H, 3l8t Inf.; must. April 21, 1864; disch. v 

pany. 
Whitney, William G., 29th Inf.; must. April 20, 1863. 
Whitney, Henry 0., District of Columbia Cav.; must. Feb. 19,1864; tri 



;ith I 



WESTBROOK. 

Anderson, Edward A., Corp., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; reduced by 

his own request; disch. with conipany, July 10, 1863. 
Abbott, Sewall L., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Adams, Joshua, Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Andrews, Martin B., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 20, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Atkins, Joseph R., Co. B, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 18, 1864 : disch. May 31, I860 
Adams, Irving D., Co. 1, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861 ; re-enl. in Co. 1, 10th luf., 

Oct. 4, 1861 ; missing, 1862. 
Allen, William, musician, Co. 1, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861; re-enlistod. 
Adams, George M., Co. A, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861, for three months. 
Arnold, James B., Co. K, 2d Inf. ; must. July 11, 1861 ; disch. for wounds. Oct. 

25, 1862. 
Adams, Joseph, Co. H, 5th Inf. ; must. Juno 24, 1861. 
Adams, David, Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861. 
Austin, Benjamin, Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1861. 



Austin, Moses, Co. K, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1861 . 

Adams, Royal L., Co. B, 12tli Inf. ; must. Nov. 16, 1H61 ; trans, to U. S. Artillery, 

1863. 
Allen, William C, Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; wounded at Port Hud- 
son, 1863; disch. with conipany. 
Adams, Frank, Co. II, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. Corp., 186-1 ; di»ch. 

with company. 
Allen, Leonard, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. Oct. 31, 1864. 
Barry, Thomiw, Co. B, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
Barber, Lorenzo, Co. I, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801. 
Babb, Henry, Co. 1, 1st luf. ; must. May 3, 1801. 
Babb, Henry S., Corp., Co. I, 10th Inf. ; nuist. Oct. 4, 1801 ; pro. to Ut sergt., July 

10, 1802. 
Bolton, William, Co. 1, loth Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; pro, to 1st. sergt., July 10, 

1802. 
Babb, Joseph H., Co. B, .5th Inf. ; must. Juno 24, 1801 ; dropped from rolls, 1802. 
Bicknell, George W., 6th Inf. ; must June 24, 1801. 

Brackett, Richard 0., Co. A, 5th luf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; dropped, 1802. 
Berry, Ellas B., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; disch. with comiany. 
Brown, Horace T., Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861; died at Fort St. Philip, 

Oct. 13, 1862. 
Bacon, John M., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 31, 1861; re-enl. 1804; transferred. 
Bicknell, George W., Co. H, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to Ist liout Co. 

K, June 15, 1862. 
Babb, Josiah P., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; disch. 1865. 
Barber, William, Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802; died Sept. 29, 1803. 
Bixby, Benjamin F., Corp., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; umst. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Babb, Herbert L., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Best, Martin W., Co. E,25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Bailey, William, Co. E, 25th Inf.; nuist. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Bennett, Erastus B., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 
Babsou, Washington, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Burke, William T., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. witli conipany. 
Brennan, James, Co. B, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Buchenbacher, George, Co. D, 3d luf; must. Aug. 20, 1863; killed May 2:1, 

1864. 
Babb, Herbert L., Co. B, 30th Inf. ; must. Feb. 27, 1865. 
Babb, North L., Co. H, 31st Inf.; must. April 21, 1864; disch. with compauy, 

July 15, 1865. 
Barney, Blase, Co. A, 15th Inf.; must. Feb. 9, 1865; disch. Juno 20, 1805. 
Belleau, Ferdinand, Co. A, 16th Inf. ; must. Feb. 10, 1805. 
Curran, Michael, Co. E, 26tli Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1802 ; discli. with compauy. 
Crediford, Charles H., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Crediford, Christopher C, Cx). E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1862; disch. withcoDi- 

Cram, Silas H., Corp., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with com- 

Cram, Silas U., Co. B, Coast Guards ; must. Oct 29, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 9, 1862. 
Crockett, Henry C, musician, Co. F, 16th Inf.; must Aug. 14, 1862; disch. with 

company. 
Chute, Charles A., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. IS, 1802 ; prw. to con>. ; wounded 

May 0; disch. April 19, 1805. 
Cobb, Solomon, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must Aug. 18, 1862; wounded July 2; disch. 

Oct 10, 1863. 
Crosby Leonard E., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must Aug. 18, 1862 ; died Match 6, \Sho. 
Crane, Algernon S., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with compauy. 
Card, William B., Co. H, 17th luf.; must Sept 4, 1863; trans, to 1st H. Art., 

Cobb James H., Co. G, 14th Inf. ; must March 19, 1864 ; killed July 30, 1864. 
Clouser, John, Co. F, Ist Cav. ; must Oct 18, 1804 ; disch. with compauy. 
Coffin, William, Co. B, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1801. 

Carey Martin, Co. II, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861 ; disch. Oct 27, 1862. 
Cobb, Edwin B., CO. H, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861; disch. Jam 13 1862 
Crockett, David S., Co. A, 6th Inf. ; must. Juno 24, 1861 ; disch. Sept 14, 1863. 
Crockett, Daniel M., Co. C, 12th luf. ; must Nov. 15, 1861 ; wounded and prisoner 

at Ponchatoula, Ark. 
Cobb, J. H., Co. G, 7tli Inf. ; must Aug. 21, 1861. 
Cobb, Levi B., Co. G, 7tli Inf. ; must. Sept 24, 1861. 
Collin, William U., Corp., Co. C, lOtli Inf. ; must Oct 5 1801. 
Crockett, Horace, Co. E, 13th luf.; must Dec. 31, 1861; re-e„l. Feb. 9, 1804 , 

Dodge, William T., Co. B, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, l-iOl ; trans, to to. A. luth ^ et 

Inf., 1863. 
Dresser, James L., Co. -, 5th Inf.; mnst. June, 1881. 
Duran, James, Co. D, lOtli Inf. ; must. Oct 4, 1861. 

Dav William, Co. E, 10th Inf. ; must Oct 4, 1864. .„,„„, 

Davis Charle K., Co. B, Coast Oua,^ ; must. Oct 29, 1861 ; disch. Sept 9, 1862 
Day Mph H., s^rgt., Co. H, 17tli Inf. ; must Aug. 18. 1862; pro. U, 2d U.ut; 

Dye. ci::;:'^. so^^t!^. a. -"• -^^ -- «*■>•■ ^- ^-^= -'-"• ""■ — 

nauy, Jnly 1". ^^'^■ 
DOW Frank L., Co. A, 25th Inf.; must Sopt 29, 1862; disch. w.tha,mp.ny. 
dIw;, losS.;Co. E, 25th Inf.: must. Sep.. 29 1862; disch. with com.«„y. 
Drown, Washington I., Co. G, 7th luf.; must Juno 29, 1863. 



452 



HISTORY OF CUMBKKLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Elwcll, Hezckiali, Co. I, lat Inf.; must. May 3, 1801 ; re^eiil. in Co. I, Idtli Inf. 

Oct. 4, 1801. 
Emorson, Fred .\., Co. H., fitli Inf. ; must. June 24, lS(il ; ilroppoil, lSC:i. 
Emery, Ceplias. Co. D, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 10, IHOl ; .liauh. July 29, 1S(3. 
Fellows, James L., Co. I, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1801. 
Fogg, Albert R., Co. 1, 1st luf ; must. May 3, 18G1. 
Foye, Charles W,, Corp., Co. I. Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1801. 
Forbes, Andrew J., sorgt., Co. F, 7tli Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1801 ; disL-h. June 28, 

1802. 
Fellows, James I... Corp., Co. 1, 10th Inf.; must. Oct 4, 1801 ; disch. May 31, 1802. 
Frost, Aaron T., Ist sergt., Co. A, 12th Inf. ; m ust. Nov. 10, 1801 ; trans, to Navy, 

1803. 
Fitzpatrick, James, Co. K, 2rjth Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; diech. with company. 
Fogg, Albert H., Co. K, Ist Cav. ; must. Fob. 10, 1804 ; disch. with company. 
Gruut, Albion K. P., Co. E, 2oth Inf.; must. Sept. 20,1802; trans. to baud; disch. 

with company. 
Grant, Edwin L., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 20, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Gove, Charles II., Corp., Co. I, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801 ; re^enl. in Co. F, Ist 

Cav., Oct. 19, 1801. 
Gove, Horace, Co. I, 1st Inf ; must. May 3. 1801. 
Graham, Charles C, Co. I, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, IsOl; pro. to 2d lieut., .Sept. 17, 

1802. 
Greeley, John W., Co. I, lal Inf, ; must. Miiy 3, 1801. 
Greeley, John W., Corp. Co. I, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1801; prisoner May 25, 

1802 ; e.\changed. 
Goodrich, Charles II., Co. I, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801. 
Grant, Dauiel, Co. D, Oth Inf. ; must. July 16, 1801. 
Grant, Samuel, Co. F, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1801. 
Graffam, J. F., Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Sept. 10, 1801. 
Gulliver, Franklin, Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Sept. 10, 1801. 
Graham, Charles C, sergt., Co. I, lOth luf. ; nnist. Oct. 4, 1801. 
Gore, Nathan, Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1801 ; re-enl. 1804 ; transferred. 
Gray, John H., Co. H, 13th Inf.; must, Dec. 12, 1801 ; discharged with company. 
Goodridge, Charles H., corp., Co. F, 10th Inf. ; nmst. Aug. 14, 1802 ; reduced, 1S03 ; 

pro. to Corp., 1804 ; disch. Juno 23, 1805. 
Graffam, Francis A., Co. B, loth Inf. ; must. Aug. 12, 1802 ; died Feb. 7, 1803. 
Graham, Peter S., Co. D, 2(itli Inf. ; must. Feb. 22, 1805 ; transferred. 
Holland, Charles, Co. I, 2d Cav. 

Howard, Alonzo, Co. A, Ifith Inf.; must. Feb. 0, 1805. 
Haskell, Foster M.. Co. I, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1801 ; rc-enl. in company I, 

luth luf., Oct. 4, 1801. 
Hazcn, John B., Co. B, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801. 

Ilazen, .lohn B., Corp., Co. F.lst Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1801 ; disch. May 25, 1802. 
Houston, John S., Co. 1, let Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1801 ; discharged. 
Houston, Ithamer. Co. I, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 19, ISOl ; discharged. 
Uudgdon, CliarU'S A., Co. I, Ist Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1801 ; discharged ; re-enl. 

in Co. I, lOtli Inf., Oct. 4, 1801. 
Hanly, Francis E., Co. A, 6tli Inf.; must. June 24, 1801 ; disch. with company, 

July 27, 1804. 
Harris, William F., Co. F, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1,^01 ; ilied at Cape Griffin, 

1802. 
Hunt, G. F., Co. G, 7th Inf ; must. Aug. 21, 1801. 
Iloilsdorr, Andrew J., Co. 1, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1801. 
Hodgdon, William P., Co. C, 12th Inf., must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; pro. to com. sergt. 

1803. 
Halo, Lorenzo D., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1801. 
UiUl, Lorenzo I>., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1801. 

Howard, Simeon, Co. B, 10th Vet, Regt. ; mu.st. Aug. 28, 18«2 ; trans, to 29tli Inf. 
Hart, Stephen P., sergt., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 10, 1802 ; pro. to 1st sergt. ; 

wounded July 2, 1803; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps, 1864. 
Horr, Dauiel P., corp., Co. II, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 10, 1802 ; wounded at Freder- 
icksburg, Dec. 13, 1802; disch. May 11, 1803. 
Hatch, Royal S., Co. H, 17th Inf. : must. Aug. 10, 1802; killed April 0, 1805. 
Horr, Granville C, Co. E, -iSth, Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; pi-o. to. corp. ; disch. 

witli company. 
Ilibbs, James, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 
Hayes, Marshall, Co. E, 2.5th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; diflcli. with company. 
Hill, Charles H., Co. E, 2,5111 Inf. ; must. Sejit. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Harmon, Warren, Co. E, 251h Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Harmon, Alliert F., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; pro. to Corp.; disch. 

with company. 
Harmon, John O., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Harmon, Edward B., flfer, f;o. K, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
HusUm, Nathaniel L., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; pro. to Corp. 
Harmon, Howard, Co. A, 20th Inf.; nmst. March 15,1806; transferred. 
Httwkes, Joseph C, Co. A, 2utli Inf.; must. Feb. 0, 1805 ; transfoired. 
Hansi>n, William T.. Co. B, 30tli Inf.; must. Feb. 27, 1805. 
Illsley, Kiioch B.. Co. B, Ist Inf.; must. May 3, 1801. 
Jameson, George W., Co. E. 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
.lewett, William W., Co. I, let Inf.; must. May 3, 1801 ; re-eul.in Co. 1,10th Inf., 

Oct. 4, 1801. 
Jameson, George W., sergt., Co. E, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, Isol. 
Johnson, Albert H., sergt., Co. 1, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; pro. to 1st lieut., 

Sept. 17, 1802. 
Jones, Edwin W., Cm. I, llllh Inf.; nmst. Oct. 4, 1861. 

Johnson, Bartholomew, Co. K, I3lh I nf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1801 ; died in Maine. 
Jones. Maltluw T., f... E, 131li Inf : nuisl. Dc,-. In, 1861 ; tran,-.. 180:1. 



Jack, Harrison J., Co. F, Ist Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, IfCl ; pro. to corp., 1802. 

Jordan, Leonard, musician, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; nmst. Sept. 20, 1862 ; trans, to Com- 
missary Depaitment. 

Jordan, William H., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 

Jewett, Orren F., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; discli. with company. 

Jack, Charles E., Co. K, 1st Cav. ; must. Feb. 10, 1804 ; trans. Aug. 1, 1^05. 

Knight, Levi G., Co. C, .5th Inf.; nmst. June 24, 1861. 

Kalloik, Royal T., sergt., Co. E, 13th luf.; must. Dec. 10, 1801; reduced 18c;i; 
re-enl. 1864 ; transferred. 

Knight, Charles, Corp., Co. C, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; died July 24, 1804. 

Knight, Storer S., Co. B, loth But, Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1802; trans. 1864. 

Kollock, Edward K., sergt., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1802; disch. wilh 
company. 

Keenan, Jolin, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1862 ; disch. w itii company. 

Kollock, Horace T., Co. B, 30th Inf. ; must. March 3, 1865. 

Larnibee, David, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1804 ; disch. with company. 

Lewis, George P., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sejit. 29, 1864; disch. with company. 

Legrow, Richard P., Co. E, 2.5tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1864 ; disch. with company. 

Legiow, Cyrus, Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1804; disch. with company. 

Lapoint, Lewis, Co. B, 3d Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1803. 

Leighton, Eben, Co'. I), 20th Inf.; nmst. Feb. 22, 1865; transferred. 

Littlefleld, Charles, Co. H, 31st Inf.; nmst. Apiil 21, 1804; disch. with company. 

Libbey, Alonzo, Co. I, let Inf.; nmst. May 3, ISOI. 

Lewis, George P., Co. I, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801. 

Leighton, Adrial, Co. — , 2d Inf ; must. July 15, 1801 ; trans. 1863. 

Leighton, William W.,Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; re-enl. 1804; trans- 
ferred. 

Leighton, Chas. H., Co. B, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 10, 1801 ; disch. with cimpany. 

Lord, Cyrus E., Co. C, 12th Inf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1801 ; re-enl. 1804; transferred. 

Larrabee, Andrew J., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; pro. to corp., 1804 ; 
disch. with company. 

LoriTig, James H., Co. U, nth Inf.; must. Aug. 1.8, 1S02; pro. to sergt.; killed 
July 2, 1803. 

Lewis, Augustus J., Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; discli. March 17,180:!. 

Libliy, Edwin D., Co. B, 25th Inf.; nmst. Sept. 20, 1802; diach. with company. 

Mariner, Thomas B., Ck). I, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1801. 

Mason, Edwin, Co. B, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 

Mayhew, Hebron, ensign. 

Mesei vc, Amos, Co. B, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 

Mnlvey, John, Co. I, let Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 

Murray, Alvin, Co. A, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 1861. 

Mariner, George F., sergt., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1801; iiro. to Corps 
d'Afriijue, 1803. 

Mitclullson, A. T., sergt., Co. G, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 12, 1801; pm. in Coriw 
d'Afrique in 1803 ; detached at Ship Island in charge of ordnance. 

Merrill, George I!., Co. B, Coast Guards ; must. Oct. 29, 1801 ; disih. Aug. 23, 1802. 

Milliken, Asa H., Co. B, C^oast Guards ; must. Oct 29, 1801 ; disch. Sept. 9, 1802. 

Mariner, Jabez, Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; commissary clerk, 186:* ; 
disch. Nov. 20, 1864. 

Morton, Van B., Co. H, 17tli Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wonnded at Fredericks- 
burg. Dec. 13, 1802 ; detached to Division Provost Gnanl ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Men ill, Freeman T., Corp., Co. E, 25th Inf.: must. S<'pt. 29, 1862; appointed 
wagoner; disch. with company. 

Moserve, John, wagoner, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; returned to 
ranks; disch. with company. 

Morris, James, Co. A, 20tb Inf.; must. Feb. 9, 1805; transferreil. 

Merrill, Lemuel 0., Co. K, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 20, 1804; disih. May 28, 1805. 

Merrill, Thomas H., Co. K, 3d Inf. ; must. July 15, 1863 ; trans, to )7th Inf., 18(W. 

Mnrr, Sumner I., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Morton, Abraham B., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must Sept. 20, 1862 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Morton, Charles W., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must Sept 20, 1862; discli. with company. 

McCulIongh, Samuel G., Co. E, 25tli Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862; trans, to 1st H. 
Art.; wounded June, 1864. 

McGrath, Joseph, Co. B, 3d Inf ; must. Aug. 19, 1863; trans. 1864. 

Newton, John W., sergt., Co. B, 3d Inf.; must. Aug. 19, 1863; disch. with coni- 

Nason, William P., Co. H, 7th Inf.; must Aug. 21, 1661 ; pro. to coi-p., 1862. 

Noble, Tliadeus J., Co. H., 17th luf; must. Aug. 18, 1862; detached to Livings- 
ton's Bat, 1802. 

Noyes, diaries W., Co. II, 11th Inf.; must Aug. 18, 1802; discli. Oct 7, 1802. 

O'Donncll, John, (Jo. E, 25tli Inf.; must Sept 20, 1802; disch. witli company. 

I'luistewl, Frederick S., Co. E, 25tli Inf.; miiBt Sept 29, 1862; disch. with coni- 
I>any. 

Philbrook. James A, Co. E., ijtii Inf; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with ccjiii- 
pany. 

Pratt, Rjliert B., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Phinney, Augustus, Co. E, 25th Inf; must Sept 20, 1862; disch. with comiatny. 

Peachy, John B., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Partridge, Charies A., Co. K, Ist Cav.; must Jan. 23, 1864; pro. to corp , 180.".; 
discli. with company. 

Phinney, William C, Co. F, Ist Vet Inf. ; must Jan. 0, 1865, as Ist lieut. 

Proctor, Rtiyal B., 1st sorgt, Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must Dec. 10, 1801 ; pro. to lieut, 
1862. 

Pennell, George A., Co. H, ITth Inf.; must Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Feb. 26, 186:1. 

Plaistead, J.«eph M., Co. H. 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Oct 14. 18B2. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



453 



PlaiBtcad, Trafton S., Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; wounded June 16, 

1«M; (lisch. May 18, 1866. 
Pride, Leonard, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to Corp.; died of 

wounds, June 23, 186*. 
Packard, .hihn A. A., sergt., Co. H, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861. 
Phiuncy, William C, Co. G, 5th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861; pro. to «ergt.; made 

brigade blacksmith ; re-eul. 18G4 ; trans, to Ist Maine Veterans. 
Pcnnell, George A., Co. I, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, IMCl. 
Pennell, John W., Co. I, 1st Inf.; must. May 3, 18f.l ; re-enl. Co. I, 10th Inf., 

Oct. 4, 1861. 
Pratt, Thomas C, Co. C, 13th Inf. ; must. Nov. 17, 1861 ; pro. to i;orp. ; disch. with 

company. 
Pride, Francis 0. J. S., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 16, 1861 ; re-enlisted ; pro. to 

Corp. ; transferred. 
Quimby, Cliarles H., Co. F, 8th Inf.; must. April 4, 1864; missing in battle at 

Drury'B Bluff, May 16, 1864. 
Quimby, William A., Co. I, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861 ; re-cnl. Corp., Co. 1, 10th 

Inf., Oct. 4, 1861; pro. to sergt., 1862. 
Quirk, John, Co. F, 11th Inf. ; must. Nov. 7, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 21, 1862. 
Quimby, Marshall H., Corp., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; died July 18, 

1862. 
Quimby, John 0., musician, Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; diech. with 

company. 
Kicker, Melville, Co. B, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
RoLiuson. Elliot O., Corp., Co. I, 8th Inf.; must. Sept. 7, 1861 ; reduced. 
Roberts, Moses G., sergt., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; discb. with com- 
pany. 
Sackliffe, Charles A., Corp., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 2«, 1862; reduced by 

his own request ; disch. May 21, 1863. 
Racklifle, Oliver S., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Koberts, William, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Roberts, John, Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Richards, William, Co. G, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1864; disch. with company. 
Rayden, Michael, Co. C, 30th Inf. ; must. Sept. 27, 1864. 
Splau, James V., Co. E, Kith Inf. ; must. Dec. 31, 1861 ; disch. Aug. 31, 1862. 
Scolt, John G., Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to 4lh Bat. Art., 

1864. 
Swett, William H., Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1S62; wounded June 16; 

disch. Dec. 6, 1864. 
Staples, Jeremiah, Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Apiil 7, 186.'!. 
Stevens, Frank G., sergt., Co. E, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; pro. to 2d lieut. ; 

disch. with company. 
Sylvester, Alanson A., Co. E, 25lh Inf ; must. Sept. 1862 ; pro. to Corp. ; disch. 

with company. 
Sawyer, Nathaniel, Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; detached; diach. with 

company. 
Sawyer, George F., Co. E, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Sawyer, Charles E., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Stevens, Orrin B., Co. F, 6th Inf. ; must. Nov. 22, 1862, as 2d lieut. ; wounded 

May 3, 1864. 
Sarpicd, Joseph, Co. B, 30th Inf. ; must. Feb. 6, 1865. 

Snow, CTiarles H., Co. H, 31st Inf.; mnst. April 21, 1864: disch. July 27, 1865. 
Stevens, Franklin W., Co. D, 1st Bat. Inf.; must. April 5, 1865. 
Smith, Estil G., coip., Co. E, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. July 7, 1862. 
Swett, Holland H., musician, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 18C1 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Sawyer, Frederic A., Co. B, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
Sawyer, William R., Co. B, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
Stanford, James W., Co. B, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
Sweetsir, Frank C, sergt., Co. 1, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861.' 
Stevens, George L., Co. A, Ist luf. ; must. May 3, 1861. 
Sawyer, John (2d), Co. C, 3d Inf. ; must. June 4, 1861. 
Stevens, Orrin W., Corp., Co. H, 6th Inf.; must. June 24, 1861 ; pro. to 2d lieut., 

1863. 
Stevens, Alfred A., Co. F, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 5, 1864. 
Stevens, George L., Co. C, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1861 ; missing, 1861. 
Stevens, Chartes L., Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 16, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 27, 1862. 
Sturges, Eben, sergt., Co. C, 12th luf. ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; trans, to commissary 

department, 1863. 
Towle, Aiud H., Co. I, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1861 ; re-enl. Co. 1, 10th Inf., Oct. 

4, 1861 ; pro. to drummer. 
True, Eben, Corp., Co. F, 7th Inf.; must. Aug. 21, 1861; pro. to sergt; trans. 

1862; re-eul. 1864. 
Tnindy, Charles A., Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; disch. May 25, 1862. 
Tole, Andrew J., musician, Co. 1, 10th Inf ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Tole, Joseph H., musician, Co. H, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. Feb. 9, 

1864. 
Thomas, Chartes W., Co. H, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; wounded Juno 18; 

disch. Dec. 14, 1865. 
Tliiinborg, Charles, Co. B, 25th Inf; mnst. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Trask, William E., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; sick ; unfit for duty. 
Tullis, James, Co. C, 30th Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1864; disch. with company. 
Valentine, Leonard, Co. E, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Wade, William, sergt., Co. 1, 1st Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801. 
Wade, William, 1st sergt., Co. 1, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1801 ; pro. to 2d lieut. ; 

killed at Antietam. 
Waterhouse, Peter B., musician. Co. B, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 



Welch, Robert B., Co, I, imh Inf. ; mnst. Oct. 4. 1861. 
Wescotl, Enoch, corp., Co. I, loth Inf ; must. Ocl. 4, 1861. 
W'clch, Alblou F., Co. I, loth Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 18«1. 
Welch, Alvan F., Co. 1, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
Wliidden, George D., Co. I, lotli Inf. ; niUBt. Oct. 4, 1801 ; Uiaih. 1864. 
Wclih, George, Co. F, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1801 ; tmns. 1862. 
Webb, Eli, Co. 1, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1881. 

Weber, Benjamin, Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1801; re^:nl. 18<;4; trans- 
ferred. 
Winslow, George M., Co. B, Coast Ouarda ; must. Oct. 29, 18C1 ; dinch. Sept S, 

1862. 
Whidden, George A., sergt., Co. II, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 16, 1862 ; pro. to 1st 

sergt. ; and 2d lieut.. May 4, 1863. 
Winslow, Sumner, Corp., Co. II, 17th Inf.; must Aug. 10, 1862; woundcnl at 

Fredericksburg, Dec, 1802; killed July 2, 1863. 
Webb, James M., Corp., Co. II, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 16, 1862; pro. to sergt, 

1863 ; pro. to Ist sergt. and 2d lieut, Co. K, 1864. 
Winslow, Nathaniel P., Co. II, nth Inf.; nmst Aug. 16, 1802; dinch. May 29, 

1805. 
Ward, John, Co. 1, 19th Inf. ; must Aug. 15, 1863; killed MayO, 1804. 
Walker, Orzo F., Corp., Co. K, Ist Cav. ; must Feb. 23, 1864 ; missing in battle, 

Sept 16, 1864. 
Winsor, John, Co. C, 30th Inf.; must. Oct. 5, 1864. 

Watson, Edward E., Co. D, 1st Cav.; must. Sept. 20, 1864; disch. with company. 
Wakefield, Domijiicus C, sergt., Co. E, 2oth Inf.; must Sopt 29, 1802; plw. to 

Ist sergt. ; disch. with company. 
Waterman, Mark P., coii>., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must Sept 29, 1802; diach. with 

company. 
Woodbury, Joel S., corp., Co. E, 25th Inf ; must Sept. 29, 1802 ; pro. to sergt. ; 

disch. with company. 
Walden, John C, corp., Co. E, 25th Inf. ; mnst Sept 29, 1802 ; reduced by own 

reiiuest; diisch. with company. 
Woodford, Chartes A., Co. E, 25th Inf.; must Sept 29, 1862; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Warren, George, Co. E, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Walker, Richard, Co. E, 26th Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862. 



WINDHAM. 



Antoine, Ambrose, Co. G, Stli Inf.; must. June 2:1, 1861; pro. to coq'., 1802 ; to 

sergt., 1863; re-enlisted; tran.s. to 1st Maine Vet. Inf., 1804. 
Antoine, John G., C. G, 6th Inf. ; must June 2:), 1861 ; disch. Feb. 15, 1863. 
Austin, William K., 5th Inf.; must June, ISCl; re^inl. Fob. 10,1805; killed 

March 3, 1865. 
Bragdon, Levi, Co. B, 2d Cav.; must. Sept 30, 1804; disch. June 10, 1805. 
Brazier, Harrison, Co A, 20tli Inf 

Brown, William H., (Jo. D, Ist Inf. ; must. May 3, 1801 ; for throe months. 
Bond, Charles J., sergt., Co. H, I7thlnf ; must Aug. 18, 1862 ; returned to r«uks, 

1864 ; disch. with company. 
Bolton, Sumner C, eergt., Co. F, 25th Inf.; mnst Sept. 29, 1802; roluced; disch. 

with company. 
Bradbury, Cotton M., Co. F, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1602 ; disch. with company. 
Bodge, William, Co. B, 1st Bat, lOlh Vet Inf.; mnst Aug. 2:1, 1802; traus. 1884. 
Brackett, John T., Co. I, 30th Inf.; must Jan. 6, 1864; disih. with company, 

Aug. 20, 1865. 
Cook, James M., Co. H, 31st Inf.; must April 21. 1864; disch. June 21. 1805. 
Cobb, George W., Co. H, 3l8t Inf. ; mnst April 21, 1864 ; disch. with company. 
Cloudman, Francis, Co. F, 5th Inf. ; must. Juno 24, 1864. 
Cobb, Daniel, Co. D, 17th Inf; must Aug. 18, 1802; wounded at Gettysburg; 

trans, to Vet. Res. Corps, 1804. 
Cobb, Uriah, Co. H, 17th Inf; must Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 10, 1804; 

disch. with company. 
Cobb, George L., Corp., Co. F, 25th Inf.; must Sept 29, 1802; disch. with com- 
pany, Jnly 10, 186:1. 
Cobb, Isaac, Co. F, asth Inf; must Sept 29, 1862; disch. with com|«ny ; ro^jn- 

listed ; trans, to 29th Inf., 1863 ; pro. to corp., 1865. 
Cobb, Charles A., Co. F, 25th Inf.; must Sept 29, 1862; disch. with a>m\m>r, 

July 10, 1803. 
Cash, James R., Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Feb. 15; died March 27, 1865. 
Doughty, Joseph M., Co. A, 6lli Inf.; must June 24, 1861 ; disch. with comp«ny. 
Dial, Charlei H., Co. F, 25th Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. Aug. 20. 1865. 
Dole, Daniel H., Co. F, 25th Inf.; must Sept 29, 1802; disch. Aug. 20, 1865. 
Dolley, Nathan D., Co. F, 25th Inf.; mnst Sept 29, 1862; disch. Aug. 20, 1865. 
Doplais, Leon, Co. A, 3d Inf. ; must Aug. 22, 1803. 
Doughty, J. J., regimental band, 25th Inf. ; must Sept 29, 1802 ; disch. July 11. 

1863. 
Elder Joseph G., O). II, 17th Inf. ; must Aug. 18, 1802; dl8>h. May 31. 186.-.. 
Emery, Charles E., wagoner, Co. F, 25tli Inf. ; must Sopt 29, 1862; disi'h. with 

company. 
Elder, Stephen W., Co. F, 25th Inf.; mnst. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Estes' Robert, Co. F, 25th Inf.; must Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with c.uni«ny. 
Fmrbanks, Willard A., Co. F, 2r.th Inf. ; must. Sept 29, 1862 ; disch . with c.n.pany. 
Felker, Eira D., Co. F, 25th Inf; most. Sept. 29, 1862: disch. with company. 
Field William W., Co. F, 2.1th Inf; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with comi«ny. 
Freeman, Sargent S., Corp., Co. K, 9th Inf.; must Sept. 21. ISM ; died at Kortn« 
Monroe, Nov. I. 1801. 



45-1 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Fiolil, Eben, Co. — , Yth Inf.; must. Sept. 30, 1861 ; trans. 1863. 

Gmifum, Joseph A., Co. — , 7th luf. ; must. Aug. 'il, 1861 ; re-eulisted ; dUcli. June 

23, 1865. 
GmfTuni, Eohort, Co. K, 9th Inf.; must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; missing on furlough, May 

17, 1863. 
Gniffhm, Allwrt, Co. K, 9tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; died Aug. 10, 1863. 
C.ulli.son, Oliver B., Co. II, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; re-eulisted ; disch. 

April 2,1, 1865. 
GrafTam, Johu N., Co. F,25th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1862; disch. with company. 
Hanson, Jason, Co. F, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 2, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Hanson, Franklin, Corp., Co. F, a-Oth Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Hooper, Clinton B., sergt., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with 

company. 
Hall, Webb, sergt., Co. F, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; reduced ; disch. with 

company. 
Hanscomb, William S., Co. II., nth Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; disch. June 10, 

1865. 
Hanson, Amos H.. musician, Co. I, 1st Inf.; must. May 3,1861; re-enlisted in 

Co. K, 9th Inf., on Sept. 21, 1801 ; killed by shell, July 17, 1863. 
Hooper, Clinton B., Co. A, 5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861. 
Howe, Warren, Co. K, 9tli Inf ; must. Sept. 21, 1801 ; re-enlisted in 1863 ; pro. 

to Corp. ; trans, in 1804. 
Hunt, Moses, Co. — , 13th Inf 

Hanson, Jason, Co. D, I5th Inf. ; must. Dec. 9, 1861 ; disch. Feb. 27, 1862. 
Hanson, Lyman W., Co. D, 15th Inf. ; must. Dec. 9, 1861 ; pro. to musician ; re- 
enlisted 1864. 
Haskell, Samuel V., Co. D, 15th Inf; must. Dec. 9, 1801; disch. with company. 
Hatch, David A., Co. D, 15th Iiif ; must. Dec. 9, 1801. 
Hawkes, William H., Co. D, 15th Inf; must. Dec. 9, 1801. 

Hill, Joseph, Co. D, 15th Inf ; must. Dec. 9, 1861 ; pro. to corp. ; disch. with com- 
pany. 
Hodsdon, George D., Co. C, 30th Inf. ; must. Dec. 19, 1863 ; pro. to Corp. ; died on 

transport, July 15, 1864. 
Iiisli, William H., Co. F, 25th Inf; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Jordan, Thomas H., corp., Co. H, l"tli Inf; must Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to sergt.; 

wounded May 6, 1804 ; disch. with company. 
Johnson, George, Co. H, 4th Inf.; must. June 15, 1861. 
Johnson, George F., 4th Inf ; must. June, 1861. 
Knight, William 1"., Co. G, 7th Inf ; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; missing in battle, Sept. 

17, 1862. 
Knight, John A., Co. A, 20tli Inf; must. Oct. 10, 1804; disch. with company. 
Lowell, Albert, Co. C, 1st Inf ; must May 3, 1801. 

Libby, ElbiiUge, Co. K, 9th Inf ; must Sept. 21, 1801 ; detached, 1863 ; re-enlisted. 
Libby, Stephen, Co. K, 9th Inf ; must. Sept. 21, 1801 ; missing in action, July 11, 

1803. 
Little, James W., Co. F, nth Inf; must Nov. 7, 1801; wounded at Fair Oaks; 

pro. Corp. and sergt., 1804 ; disch. Nov. 18, 1804. 
Lombard, John W., Corp., Co. G, 12th Inf ; must. Nov. 15, 1861 ; pro. sergt., 1863 ; 

wounded Sept. 19, 1864 ; disch. with company. 
Le Grow, Ephraira, Co. D, 15th Inf; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; re-enl. in U. S. Art., 

1863. 
Libby, Lorenzo D., Co. F, 16th Inf ; must Aug. 14, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Lari-y, Meshach P., Co. H, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; missing in battle. May 

6, 1864. 
Libby, Elias H., Co. H, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1862; died Feb. 10, 1863. 
Little, Paul E., Co. H, 17th Inf; must Aug. 18, 1862; wounded May 3; died 

July 24, 1863. 
Libby, Bela P., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must Sept 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Libby, Joseph, Co. F, 25th I[if ; must Sept 29, 1866; disch. with compauy. 
Lomliard, Charles, Co. F, 25tli Inf; must Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Little, Moses, Co. 1, 10th Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. May 7, 1803. 
Libby, Daniel, Co. E, 29th luf; must Nov. 13, 1863; wounded Sept 22, 1804; 

disch. Aug. 22, 1865. 
Larr)', James, Co. C, ;«)th Inf ; must Dec. 29, 1863 ; died July 6, 1864. 
Leighton, Adria, Co. E, 9th Inf; must Jan. 1, 1804; disch. with company. 
Lakin, John, Co. A, 2uth Inf ; must. Feb. 10; disch. June 15, 1805. 
Mathews, Alljert L., Co. G, 7th Inf; must. Aug. 21. 1861; disch. Jan. 8, 1862. 
Mayberry, Nelson, regimental hand, 8th Inf ; must. Sept. 7, 1801 ; disch. with 

band, 1802. 
Manchester, Joseph K., Co. K, 9tli Inf; nuist. Sept. 21, 1801; died of wounds, 

1803. 
Mortt)n, Frank, Co. K, 9th Inf; must Sept. 21, 1861 ; re-enlisted; detached, 

1804. 
Morton, Charles E., Co. K, 9th Inf ; must Sept 21, 1861 ; re-enlisted ; killed at 

Petersburg, 1864. 
Maxwell. E. J., sergt., Co. D, 15th Inf; nnisl. Dec. 10, 1801; trans, to C^rps 

d'Afrique, 1863. 
Morali, John, Co. D, 15th Inf ; must Dec. 10, 1801 ; re-eul. January, 1804. 
Mayberry, James L., Co. D, 15th Inf : must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; disch. 1862. 
Morton, Stephen T., Co. H, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1802; died Jan. 5, 1864. 
Mayberry, Samuel, Co. F, 25th luf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Murphy, James, Co. A, 3d Inf; must. Aug. 20, 1863; trans, to nth luf 
Mayberry, William R., Co. C, lOlh Inf; must. Oct 5, 1861 ; disch. for wounds, 

J.in. 7, 1863. 
Mayberry, William B., Co. D, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. 30, 1864 ; disch. Aug. 29, 180S. 
Mason, Nathan, Co. A, 20th Inf ; must. Feb. 10; disch. June 28, 1865. 



Nash, Charles, Co. K, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 

Powers, Albert, Co. F, IGth Inf; must Aug. 14, 1862; prisoner; excliangc.1 ; 

retaken Aug. 19, 1864. 
Priile, Jnson N., Co. F, 26th Inf ; must Sept 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Puine, Frank, Co. I, loth Inf ; must. Aug. 9, 1862; trans. 1803. 
Pettcugill, John, Co. H, 3d Inf ; must July 31, 1862 ; missing Dec. 20, 1862. 
Quimby, Alonzo H., Co. I, 10th luf; must. Aug. 22, 1862; disch. Dec. 5, 1862. 
Kogors, Osgood W., corp., Co. A, 5th Inf ; must June 24, 1861 ; taken prisoner. 

May 3, 1863 ; exchanged ; disch. with company. 
Rogers, John A., Co. A, 5th Inf; must June 24, 1861; disch. July 3, 1862. 
Kackliffe, George W., Co. H, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. July 15, 186.3. 
Band, Royal, Co. H, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; wounded July 2; died July 

3, 1863. 
Roach, Jeremiah P. W., Co. I, loth Inf; must. Aug. 12, 1SC2; trans. 1863; pro. 

sergt. 
Robinson, Reuben, Co. H, 31st Inf ; must. April 21, 1864 ; disch. June 16, 1865. 
Shaw, Almon, Co. A, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1861. 
Strout Nathan A., C<i. K, 9th Inf; must Sept. 21, 1861; re-enlisted; trans, to 

Co. E, 29th Inf ; wounded May 18, 1804 ; disch. with company. 
Small, James L., Co. K, 9th Inf; must Sept 21, 1861; re-enlisted; disch. with 

company. 
Strout Estes, Co. K, 9th Inf ; must. Sept. 21, 1861 ; re-enlisted ; wounded Sept. 

29, 1864 ; disch. with company. 
Stewart, Peter, sergt., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with compauy. 
Smith, Alonzo, Co. F, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862; died Dec. 19, 1862. 
Smith, Joshua W., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Stevens, David, Co. F, 25th Inf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Sylvester, Richard T., Co. F, 26th luf ; must. Sept 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Shaw, John Y., Co. C, 30th luf ; must. Dec. 19, 1803 ; pris. April 8, 1804 ; died. 
Swett, Mark D., Co. E, 9th Inf; must Jan. 1, 1804; sick. 
Tyler, David, CXj. D, 15th Inf. ; must Dec. 10, 1861. 

Thomas, Emanuel, Co. H, 17th Inf ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Tukey, Daniel R., Co. F, 2.3th luf; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with compauy. 
Varney, Mark S., Co. 1, 1st Inf ; must. May 3, 1861. 

Ward,JoEiah B., corp., Co. C, 30th Inf; must Dec. 19, 1803; died March 25,1804. 
Wallace, Elisha W., Co. G, 6th Inf; must June 23, 1861 ; killed May 12, 1804. 
Wescott Daniel M., Co. K, 2d Cav.; must. Sept. .30, 1864; disch. Seiit 15, 1865. 
Whitney, Beiyamin F., Co. C, 1st Inf; must May 3, 1861. 
Whitney, IsaacR., Co. C, 1st Inf ; must May 3, 1801; re-enl. in Co. F, loth luf, 

1802 ; pro to sergt. and to 1st sergt., 1803; to 2d lieut, 1864. 
Wheeler, Charles H., Co. A, 5th Inf ; must. June 24, 1861 ; missing July 26, 1801. 
Wiswell, Luther, Jr., Co. A, 5th Inf; must. June 24, 1861 ; re-enl. in 13th Inf, 

Jan. 9, 1864. 
Watson, Benjamin C, Co. G, 5th Inf ; must. June 23, 1861 ; disch. June 20, 1862- 
Westcott, D. M., Co. C, 5th Inf ; must. June 23, 1801. 
Wescott, Joseph, Co. B, 17th Inf; must Aug. 18, 1862; detached to Ambulance 

Corps, 1862. 
Walker, Edwin H., Co. F, 25th Inf ; must. Sept 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Wlieeler, George N., Co. F, 2jth Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1SC2 ; disch. with company. 

F0BEI6N ENLISTUENTS. 

Anderson, Charles, U. S. Army. 
DoUey, Samuel, U. S. Army. 
ElUott, Elias, U. S. Navy. 
Graffam, Charles, Massachusetts. 
GrafTam, Enoch, Massachusetts. 
Hudson, Josephus, U. S. Army. 
Lary, John, Massachusetts. 
Little, Josiah F., Massachusetts. 
Little, William M., U. S. Navy. 
Libby, Arthur, Vermont Volunteers. 
Merrill, Alphonzo, V. S. Navy. 
Parker, Isaac W., U. S. Engineers. 
Read, George W., U. S. Navy. 
Trickey, Edward H., Massachusetts. 



YARMOUTH. 

Audrews, Thomas J., 20th Inf; must Feb. 17, 1865. 

Adams, Thomas J., Co. K, 30th Inf ; must. March 1, 1865. 

Adams, Thomas J., Co. K, 30th luf ; must. Jan. 20, 1804 ; died Sept 1, 1804. 

Anderson, Stephen ; Brown, Thomas. 

Bniwn, George, must, in Navy, Sept. 29, 1864. 

Barrows, George P., Co. A, 30th Inf ; must. Feb. 23, 1865. 

Brown, George W., 20th Inf ; must. March 15, 1805. 

Bucknam, Alvin F., 2d lieut., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862; disch. with 
company, July 10, 1863. 

Bucknam, William E, Co. G, 26th luf; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Brackett Orrin, Co. G, 26th Inf; must. Sept. 29. 1862; disch. with company. 

Baker, Albert 0., Co. E, nth Inf ; must Aug. 18, 1862; pro. to Corp., August, 
1803; wounded at Gettysburg; trans, to Vet Kcs. Corps. 

Baker, Charles W., Co. E, 17tlr Inf ; must Aug. 18 , 1802 ; pro. to corp. ; wounded ; 
trans, to Vet. Res. Coi-ps. 

Bruce, Rufus T., Co. E, 17th Inf; must. Aug. 18, 1852; missing May 7, 1804. 



ROSTER OF SOLDIERS. 



455 



|, , Dol 
■Of ^"' 



Baker, George 0., 1st Bat. Mounted Art.; must. Dec. 31, 1861; died May 3, 18G3. 

Brooks, John E., Co. H, 2otli Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Bates, James M., surgeon, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 5, 18G1 ; disch. Jan. 6, 18C5. 

Brackett, Alvin M., Co. F, 1st Cav.; must. Oct. 19, ISOl ; killed March 1, 1SC4. 

Blind, Charles. 

Carroll, John, Co. B, 9th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1804. 

Clark, Patrick, Co. B, 9th Inf. ; must. Oct. 3, 1864. 

Cobh, Edward, Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Aug. 21, 1861 ; pro. to Corp., May 1, 1803. 

Corliss, George L., must. May 3, 1801 ; re-enl. as Ist sergt., Co. D, 7th Inf. ; must. 

Aug. 21, 1801 ; enl. in U. S. Army, Jan. 26, 1803. 
Chase, George H., Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1801 ; pro. to corp. and to sergt.; 

disch. Nov. 1, 1804. 
Chambers, Jiunes, Co. K, 17th Inf.; must. Sept. 3, 1803; missing in battle. May 

10, 1804. 
Cushman, William H., sergt., Co. L, Ist Cav. 
Corliss, Amos, Jr., Co. C, Bat. U. S. Inf.; died in prison at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 

20, 1804. 
Cotton, Albert, Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Oct. 14, 18G2 ; disch. with company. 
Church, Joseph W., Co. G, 30th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862; disch. with company. 
Corliss, James 11., Co. H, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802 ; disch. with company. 
Clark, John. 

Challis, Henry E., 1st D. C. Cav.; must. Jan. 19, 1804. 

Curamings, Calvin, Co. K, 30th Inf. ; must. Jan. 20, 1804 ; died Sept. 1, 1804. 
Corliss, Augustus W., 1st lieut. and maj., 7th Squadron R. I. Cav. ; maj. and lieut.- 

col., 2d R. I. Cav.; 2d lieut. and 1st lisut., 15th U. S. Inf., July 21, 1865; 

trans, to 33d U. S. Inf., Sept. 21, 1806 ; 8th U. S. Inf., May 3, 1869 ; capt., 

8th U. S. Inf., May 29, 1873. 
Chambers, James, Co. K, 1st H. Art. ; must. Sept. 16, 1863 ; missing June 16, 1804. 
Doughty, James, sergt., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must Aug. 18, 1862 ; trans, to Invalid 

Coi-ps. 
Dunbar, Charles A., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Dow, Charles H., corji., Co. H, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with com- 
pany, July 10, 1863. 
Dolly, Nathan D., 1st D. C. Cav. ; must. Jan. 20, 1864. 

Doughty, Julius H., Co. H, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Dunning, Albion K. P., Co. H, 5tji Inf. ; must. June 24, 1801. 
Farewell, Horace A., Co. B, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1802. 
nning, Michael, 15th Inf. ; must. Jan. 4, 1864. 
Thomas, 30th Inf. ; must. April 24, 1864. 
nntain, John A., unassigned Inf. ; must. April 11, 1805. 
Grant, John W., Co. H, 5tli Inf. ; must. June 24, 1801 ; trans, to 1st Maine ; vet- 
eran ; re-enl. Dec. 8, 1863. 
Grant, Gustavus, Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; taken prisoner, March 1, 

1864 ; died in prison, July 28, 1804. 
Grant, Orrin L., sergt , Co, H, 5th Inf. ; must. June 24, 1801 ; pro. to sergt., Oct. 

3, 1801 ; died June 4, 1802. 
Gooch, Isaac A., Co. C, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; disch. Jan. 28, 1863. 
Green, Mellen, musician, Co. H, 12th Inf. ; must. March 16, 1805. 
Gordon, Thomas B., Co. A, 20th Inf.; must. Feb. 0, 1805; disch. July 10, 1805. 
Green, John. 

Greely, Roswell P., Co. C, 30th Inf. ; disch. with company. 
Gooding, Edward I., Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Grant, Herbert, Co. G, 26th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Gooding, Albert, sergt., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29,1802. 
Holyoke, Charles G., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; pro. to sergt.-mnj. 

of regiment. 
Hall. James H., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; died Nov. 21, 1804. 
Hamilton, Andrew J., Co. G, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; died April 30, 1804. 
Harris, Thomas. 

Humphrey, Henry H., Co. C, 5th Inf.; must Sept. 20, 1861. 
Holyoke, Horace P., coi-p., Co. F, 1st Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1801 ; disch. Dec. 12, 

1803. 
Hilton, Frank, Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Feb. 21, 1805. 
Hancock, William D., Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Feb. 23, 1805. 
Hodgkins, Stacy, unassigned Inf.; must. March 17, 1865; disch. Aug. 3, 1806. 
Hall, Winfiold S., unassigned Inf.; must. March 10, 1806. 
Ham, Freeman, unassigned Inf. ; must. Jan. 8, 1864. 
Jones, Henry H., Co. F, 10th Inf; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; disch. May 7, 1803; re-enl. 

in 1st U. S. Vet.; must. March 11, 1865. 
Jones, Thomas, Ist Bat. Mounted Art. ; must. Feb. 24, 1864. 
Jones, Charles W., Co. G, 7th Inf. ; must. Nov. 1, 1862 ; trans. ; pro. to Corp., Ist 

Inf. ; trans, to Navy, 1864. 
Johnson, Peter, must. Sept. 27, 1864. 

Jordon, Joseph, Co. H, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Kilburu, FraukUn, Co. B, 29th Inf.; must. Jan. 14,1804; died June 27, 1804. 
Leighton, Andrew, Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; trans, to Vet. Kes. 

Corps, Dec. 1, 1803. 
Loring, William, Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1802 ; pro. to Corp., October, 

1802; wounded May 6, 1864. 
Livingston, Cliarles H., Co. B, 9lh Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1864. 
Lane, Sidney H., Co. H, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Loring, Albert H., Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Lufkin, Edward H., Co. H, 25th Inf.; must. Sept. 29, 1862. 
Lane, Alfred E., Co. M, 2d Cav. ; must. Jan. 2. 1864. 
Lovell, Samuel W., coi-p., Co. F, 10th Inf.; must. Oct. 4, 1861. 
McClauning, William S, Co. G, Ist Cav.; must. Oct. 19, 1864 ; re-enlisted; killed 

at Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862. 



Mullen, John, Co. B, 9th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1864. 

Mitchell, Onin H., Co. E, IVth Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; trans, to Vet. lies. 

Coi-j)8, 1863. 
Mitchell, Tristram P., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must, Aug. 18, 18C2 ; diach. Aug. 17, 

1804. 
Moody, Benjamin, Co. B, 7th Inf.; must. Oct. 20, 1802; rc-«nl. in U. 8. Army, 

Jan. 22, 18ia. 
Marshall, David, Co. 1, 16th Inf. ; must. Aug. 14, 1864 ; died Jan. 7, 1864. 
Mai-ston, Greely E., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; killed June 16, 1864. 
Moore, George P., Co. A, 10th Inf.; must. Aug. 14, 1SC2; mining at battle of 

Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1802. 
Monaghan, John, 4th Bat. Art. ; must. Jan. 10, 1864. 

McGlinch, James, Co. F, 19th Inf.; must. Nov. 13, 1803; disch. May 19, 1864. 
Moran, John, Co. K, 19th Inf.; missing lu batilo. May 10, 1864. 
Mahoney, Timothy, corp., Co. A, 25th Inf. ; must. Sept. 20, 1862 ; disch. witli com- 
pany. 
Marston, Mclvin S., Co. G, 25tli Inf. ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. with company. 
Maybuiy, Thomas L., Co. B, 1st Bat. Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862; disch. Aug. 25, 

1863. 
Mitchell, Sylvanus S., Corp., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; niUBt. .\ug. 18, 1862 ; died at Fort 

Carroll, Md., Oct. 1, 1602. 
Oaks, George P., Co. E, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; taken prisoner May 2, 

1863; exchanged; wounded Nov. 27, 1803; wounded Stay 27, 1864 ; disch. 

for disability. 
Parker, Sanmel, Co. E, 17tli Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1862. 
Pratt, Freeman, Co. G, 25th Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1862 ; disch. w ith company. 
Perry, Frank, Co. B, 13th Inf. ; must. Dec. 10, 1861 ; trans, to Vet. Res. Cort«. 
Porter, Charles D., Co. 1, 12th Inf.; must. March 17, 1865. 
Porter, George D., 18th unassigned Inf. ; must. March 7, 1805. 
Priuce, Albert F., Co. B, 1st Cav. ; must. Feb. 20, 1864 ; trans, to D. C. Cav. ; died 

Roberts, William, 2d lieut., Co. B, 17th Inf.; must. Aug. 18, 1802; transferred. 

Riordon, Michael, Co. G, 9th Inf. ; must. Oct. 3, 1804. 

Reed, Staudish, Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1861 ; transferred ; wounded 
May 3; disch. Dec. 27, 1864. 

Robbins, Benjamin B., Co. D, 20th Inf.; must. Feb. 15; disch. July 31, 1865. 

Stevens, James, Co. I, 9th Inf. : must. Sept. 27, 1804 ; disch. June 30, 1805. 

Seabury, Ammi D., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1861 ; disch. with company, 
June 4, 1805. 

Seabury, Frank, Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1861 ; disch. Sept. 12, 1863. 

Soule, George D., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1861 ; wounded May 15, 1864. 

Small, Samuel W., lOtli Inf. 

Stevens, Isaiah L., sergt., Co. F, 10th Inf. ; must. Oct. 4, 1861 ; reduced ; disch. 
with company. 

Shapleigh, Levi J., Co. B, 12th Inf. ; must. Not. 20, 1801 ; transferred. 

Shapleigh, Levi, Co. B, 12th Inf.; must. Nov. 20, 1861; missing. 

Small, Edwin R., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1861; disch. with company. 

Small, Nathaniel P., Co. E, 13th Inf.; must. Dec. 10, 1801; disch. April 11, 1802. 

Soule, Horatio B., Co. F, Ist Cav. ; must. Oct. 19, 1861 ; disch. Nov. 25, 1863. 

Soule, Herbert, coip., Co. E, 17th Inf. ; must. Aug. 18, 1862 ; pro. to sergeant ; 
wounded May 5, 1864. 

Slackpole, Edward F., Co. D, 16th Inf. ; must. Sept 10, 1863. 

Sabine, George C, 1st D. C. Cav. ; must. Feb. 6, 1804 ; trans, to Co. M, 1st Me. Cav. 

Smith, Arthur W., 29th Inf.; must. Feb. 23, 1806. 

Stowe, Nathan, 1st D. C. Cav.; must. Jan. 19, 1804. 

Stowe, Gardiner L., Ist D. C. Cav.; must. Jan. 19, 1864. 

Stowe, Hartwell E., 1st D. C. Cav.; must Jan. 19, 1864. 

Sparks, James E., Co. B, 17th Inf.; must Aug. 18,1861; trans, to Vet. Re«. 
Corps. 

Stackpole, Eugene, must 1863. 

Seabury, William A., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must Sept 28, 1802; disch. with com- 
pany. 

Small, Isaac H., Co. G, 25th Inf.; must Sept 29, 1862; disch. with company. 

Small, Daniel, Co. G, 25th Inf.; must Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 

Stevens, James. 

Twombley, Stephen, Co. B, Ist Cav.; must Oct. 19, 1801 ; missing in battle, Oct 
12, 1802. 

Turner, Daniel, 1st Bat., 1st Mounted Art; must. Dec. 18, 1801; died at New 
Oricans, Aug. 0, 1802. 

Twombly, Uufus P., Co. H, 5th Inf.; must June 24, 1861 ; killed May 3, 1863. 

True, >\illiam W., sergt., Co. H, 6th Inf. ; nmst Juno 24, 1861 ; diacfa. with com- 
pany, July 27, 1804. 

True, Frank W., Co. F, 1st C»v. ; must Oct 19, 1801 ; disch. Not. 24, 1862. 

Thompson, James, Co. I, 20th luf.; must Oct 1, 1864; transferred. 

True, Charles H., Co. H, 6th Inf. ; must June 24 ; disch. Oct 1, 1861. 

Verrill, Abraham, Co. D, 20th Inf.; must Feb. 17, 1866. 

Verrill, Anson, Co. D, 201b Inf; must. Feb. 17, 1865. 

Verrill, William, Co. D, 20th Inf.; must Feb. 17, 1865. 

Walker, John, Co. G, 25th Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862. 

Williamson, Henry C, 20th Inf.; must. March 8, 1864. 

Woods, William A., Co. E, 30th Inf.; must Dec. 12. 1863; veteran: wounded; 
pro. to corporal. 

White, George, li). I, 9th Inf. ; must. Sept 28, 1864. 

Winslow, Frederick D., Co. H, 26th Inf.; must. Sept 29, 1862. 

Winslow, Frank, sergt., Co. U, 25th Inf. ; must Sept. 29, 1862. 

Walker, Charles, Corp., Co. F, l»t Cav.; must Oct 19, 1861 ; disch. Feb. 7, 1863. 

Wilmoor, Charles, 1st Cav. ; must. Jan. 6, 1864. 



45G 



HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, MAINE. 



Wolwtor, Cliauncoy B., Co. E, Ist Inf. 

Young, Eleiizer K., Co. F, loth Inf.; must. Oct. 4, ISOl; disch. with company. 

Young, Ohiirlcd, Co. D, lloth Inf.; must. Sept. 2», 1862; rc-enl. Sept, 30, 1.HM; 

pro. to corpora] ; transferred. 
Young, Adin, Co. G, isih Inf ; must. Sept. 29, 1802; disch. with company. 
York, Asa F., Co. G, 26th Inf.; must. Sept. 20, 1802; disch. with company. 
Coombs, James ; Doe, Levi ; Hickcy, Francis W., II. S. Navy. 
Jackson, Parius W , Htli K. I. H. Art.; Col. Troops. 
Hayes, Charles E. ; Johnson, Charles; Johnson, Henry; McCue, James; Mason, 

John; Nelson, IVter; Nichols, Antonio; Quiniliy, Samuel ; Scott, Robert; 

Steward, William. 

FOBEIGN ENLISTMENTS. 
Baker, Albert T., U. S. Navy. 
Baker, Charles U., U. S. Navy. 



Bakor, Sylvanus, U. S. Navy. 
Baker, Robert, U. S. Navy. 
Brown, John F., U. 8. Navy. 
Brown, Edwin F., U. S. Navy. 
Corliss, Amos Jr., V. S. Army. 
Colior, Edwanl, U. S. Navy. 
Curtis, Charles, U. S. Army. 
Canilroir, John, U. S. Navy. 
DrinkwaU'r, Watson G., U. S. Navy. 
Humphrey, William F., U. 8. Navy. 
McGuire, Rufus, Massachusetts. 
Pendleton, George H., U. S. Navy. 
Pendleton, Ralph J. C, U. S. Navy. 
Pratt, Edward C, U. S. Navy. 
Pratt, Hourj', U. S. Navy. 



E RR ATA. 

On page 26, Cliap. V., fir-'t line, for " Juines II." read James I. 

On page 40, second line of first note, for "Partnenf" read 
Portneuf. 



H ^9 78 



J 



